Chapter 3 Research

DESIGNING OF AUTOMATED MULTI COAL BUNKER FILLING AND LEVEL MONITERING
SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATROCIS ENGINEERING
DESIGNING MULTI COAL BUNKER LEVEL MONITORING AND FILLING SYSTEM USING A MOBILE PORTABLE RAIL
MOUNTED CONVEYOR BELT
NAME: ZIKI RONALD

PROGRAM: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
AUTHOR: TRUEMAN CHIWORORO REG NUMBER:
RE NUMBER: C1213433A
C15126462Q
SUPERVISOR: MR SIMANGO PROGRAM: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
LEVEL: 5:2 SUPERVISOR: MR HWEJU
PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (HONOURS) DEGREE IN
MECHATRONICS
1 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

Chapter 1: METHODOLOGY
1.1: DESIGN PROCESS
1.1.1: Introduction
In order to ensure that the task specifications devised in earlier portions of the projects were met,
certain methodologies had to be followed. Those selected can be seen below alongside with
reasoning behind selecting each.
1.1.1.1:Methods
From the beginning of the project, a system engineering approach was used. Background
research was conducted to understand the market gap and create a project proposal. A market
gap was identified and certain design specifications and goals were chosen. This technique was
decided upon to run the project as it would be ran in an engineering company. Figure 14 below is
the “V” of systems engineering. On the left side of the V the project is decomposed to know the
finer details and make a concept design. The system requirements for our project are our design
specifications. In the initial design section our high-level design is outlined.
Figure 1: VDI 2206 methodology

1.1.2: CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS

These are minimal requirements necessary to satisfy the customer's operational needs
The main target customer are coal fired thermal power stations and their requirements are as
follows,
Table 1: customer requirements
Customer requirements Purpose/significance
Automated For automatic level monitoring and filling of

bunkers
User friendly Easy to operate
Effective Must suit its function effectively
Low cost Must be of low cost for easy purchase
Convenient Perform its function to the user’s satisfaction
Reliable Perform operations as required all the time.
Durability Must have a long life
Accessibility Easy access for maintenance
Easy installation Easy to install in every place of need
Shutdown process Can be shut down if not needed by the user
1.1.3: SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
System requirements are well-defined product requirements, to create a detailed functional

specification and defining the full set of system capabilities to be implemented.
1.1.3.1:PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS
 Must be able to operate at 12+-2 volts for control system, 380V for driving system

 Must be able to detect bunkers with critical levels and give them first priority.
 Must be able to provide feedback to the operator on the ongoing events
There are two types of system requirements;
1) Fixed or Mandatory system requirements; the minimal requirements necessary to satisfy the
customer's operational need.
2) Soft or Tradeoff system requirements; after understanding the mandatory requirements,

Engineers propose alternative candidate designs, all of which satisfy the mandatory
requirements. Then the tradeoff requirements are evaluated to determine the preferred designs.
Treating user and system requirements as the same thing will create problems for projects.
Table 2: Requirements Analysis
Unit Requirements TYPE

value
Mandatory Soft Quantitative Qualitative
Requirements (fixed) Req. Req. Req. Req.
Mechanical System height

structure and size length
dimensions width FIXED
Material and Material
mechanical properties FIXED
skeleton
Uninterrupted battery 12 V
Power supply Power supply Soft
5V
Temperature 60 ˚C Soft
Sensors
Simple, FIXED
Controller Micro controller compact , cost

effective
Control Simple, precise,
algorithm quick, efficient,
easy to program
Quan..
User LCD, LEDs,
interface Buzzer
1.1.4: SYSTEM OPERATION

This is a subsection of the conceptual generation stage where by the author described the
intelligent conveyor belt receiving system and bunker level monitoring system overall function,
of its most important sub-functions, that will be employed in solving the given design problem
and their supporting analysis, generating solutions without a detailed design parameters and
decide how to interconnect these concepts into an appropriate system architecture.
The overall function of the proposed conveyor belt receiving system and multi bunker delivering
system was divided into several sub functions which are:
1. The bunker level monitoring

2. The conveyor receiving system and
3. The multi bunker delivery system
When the system get starts,
The bunker level monitoring
 the main function of this system is to check the coal levels in all bunkers and send
signal to the micro controller which will process the signal and give appropriate
output response
The conveyor receiving system

 This system works hand in hand with the main supply conveyor belt and the
bunker delivering system, It forms At a T intersection with the main supply

conveyor belt such that it will be able to receive coal from the main belt and
channel it to the respective bunkers as commanded by the controller.
The multi bunker delivery system
 This system will consist of a rail mounted portable mobile conveyor belt with
forward and reverse drive such that one end can act as a receiver to the main
conveyor and the other as a deliverer to the bunker. The position of the bunker to
be filled determines the direction of rotation of the mobile conveyor belt
1.1.5: SYSTEM DESIGN
Mechatronics systems design is Modern interdisciplinary design procedure;

it is a concurrent selection, evaluation, integration, and optimization of the system and all its
components as a whole and concurrently all the design disciplines work in parallel and
collaboratively throughout the design and development process to produce an overall optimal
design–no after-thought add-ons allowed. (Derek Calzada-Mariaca, 2015)
At this point the system is to be disintegrated into disciplines or domains, in this project three
disciplines are in operation that is electronics and software, electrical and mechanical and in each
of them are sensors actuators and controllers.
Morphological table and analysis
A morphological chart is a table based on the function analysis. On the left side of the chart the
functions are listed, while on the right side, different mechanisms which can be used to perform
the functions listed are drawn. It is a visual aid used to come up with different ideas. The idea
generation is accomplished by creating single systems from different mechanisms illustrated in
the morphological chart. To find a solution for each function a morphological table was used.
Table 3: Morphological chart (solution generation)
Solutions 1 2 3 4

level sensor Ultrasonic Radar RF Admittance Vibration
Position sensor potentiometer Encoder
Human Machine LCD

Interface
Microcontroller Arduino PIC Raspberry pi 3
Power Battery Mains supply

(230V &380V)
Conveyor support Steel Asbestos Glass
structure
1.1.5.1:MECHANICAL DOMAIN
At this stage the author first listed the function that are expected to be attained by the conveyor
belt supporting structure, driving and braking system and then did an analysis on the material
that could best meet these expectations. The desired material properties are as follows.
 The material must be fire proof,

 The material must be tough (high tensile strength)
 The material must also be friction resistive for driving and braking system.
 The material should be light.
 Should be of low cost
According to the research done the literature review section the author found out that there is no
material that holds all the qualities there by an arise of a need to use more than one material. By
so doing we will be summing up the properties needed.
: Material Selection method

The author looked for a method of material selection that would be used for the conveyor belt
supporting structure. The following method was chosen and followed.

The first step is choosing materials for the component, taking into account the following 4
factors. And the factors should be weighed. In this particular project the author decided
1. Material Properties
The expected level of performance from the material
2. Material Cost and Availability
Material must be priced appropriately (not cheap but right)
Material must be available (better to have multiple sources)
3. Processing
Must consider how to make the part, for example:
Casting
Machining
Welding
4. Weight
The effect that the service environment has on the part
The effect the part has on the environment
The effect that processing has on the environment(ME349, 2014)
The author took each of the needed material property and listed the materials with that property
weighed it against the above listed factors. Below are the tables
Processing and Environment are being rated at a scale of 0 to 9 where 9 on processing is the
easiest to manufacture and for weight 9 being the lightest.
Tensile strength
Young’s Tensile Material cost Processing Weight

Modulus Yield

Strength ($/kg)
(GPa)
(MPa)
Aluminum 6061 276 $ 2.80 8 4
Steel (SAE 1040 $0.50 7 8

hot 207
rolled)
Brass 110 $3.20 3 7
Table 4: material property analysis(ME349, 2014)
As far as the tensile strength is concerned, steel was chosen since it have a relatively high tensile
strength and has the lowest price amongst all the possible materials.
Figure 2: Mechanical design
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS DOMAIN
Before designing the electrical system, several requirements had

been decided upon based on the initial requirements for the project. The electrical requirements
are listed below:
 The system must be able to operate from a 12V power supply for control system and
380V for driving system
System power calculations

Using Kirchhoff’s current laws the current drawn by the system is equal to the summation of the current
drawn by each component in the system.
The current ratings to be used will be the maximum ones
All the sensors will be powered by the microcontroller so they will not be included in the calculations
Component Power Consumption

Alarm 120mA
Electric motor1 32A
Electric motor2 15A
Electric motor3 15A
MICROCONTROLLER 500mA
TOTAL 62,621A
Table 5: system current rating
POWER SUPPLY DESIGN
For control system most peripheral devices of the microcontroller and the microcontroller
itself operates using regulated dc supply, there is need to rectify the ac power to dc power
using a full bridge rectifier circuit. The rectified dc signal is filtered to remove any unwanted
ac traits in the dc voltage .The power was to be sourced from a regulated dc supply of
+5V to the circuit which will be a result of rectified alternating current from the mains
supply of (230V- 240V) and big actuators uses 380V power supply which can be obtained
directly from the supply line.

3.1 Components needed for rectification
 Step down transformer
 Voltage regulator
 Capacitors
 Diodes and a fuses
Power supply circuit
U2
7812
D2 D3
+12V
1 3
VI VO
TR1 C3
GN D
1N4007 1N4007 270u
D5 C1
470u
D4
2
1N4007
1N4007
U1
TRAN-2P2S 7805
1 3
VI VO +5V
GN D
C2
C4 270u
470u
2
Fig 1.0 Rectification circuit with 7805 and 7812 voltage regulator
TRANSFORMER
A step down voltage was selected based on,
 the supply voltage of (230-240)V AC and the input voltage needed for the
regulating IC device (LM 7805 ).According to the data booklet for the LM 7805 at
least a voltage input which is 2V greater than the required 5V output is required.
 Load current of 1A

 Hence a transformer 230V/9V with a current rating of 1A was selected.
THE RECTIFICATION CIRCUIT
A full bridge rectifier made up of IN4007 diodes was used as it DC saturation is less as both
cycles conduct.1N4007 diodes were used as they are capable of withstanding higher reverse
voltage of up to 1000V.Alternating current from the main supply is stepped down and then
rectified by a full bridge rectifier which converts ac to dc voltage .During the first half
cycle diode d3 and d5 are forward biased and d4 and d2 are reverse biased. During the
negative cycle of the ac the upper transformer output becomes negative thus diode d5 and
d2 becomes forward biased conducting and d3 and d5 becomes reverse biased .Thus
rectification is achieved.
3.5 VOLTAGE REGULATOR
The unwanted residual alternating voltage left over within the dc signal is called ripple
voltage. These maybe due to feedback signal from inductive loads or capacitive loads associated
with power supply. These ripple voltages are then filtered by capacitors connected to the LM
7805 and LM7812 VOLTAGE regulator which outputs constant DC of +5V and +12V
respectively with maximum current output of 1A.
LM 7805 RATINGS:
 Input voltage range (7-35)V
 Current rating , Ic = 1A
 Output voltage range (4.8 – 5.2)V

3.6 CAPACITORS
Electrolytic capacitors were to act as smoothening capacitors by charging up with voltage during
a spike and discharging to the supply voltage when the supply is low.
To determine the value of the filter capacitor:
C= filtering capacitance value in Farads

F = frequency of the main supply ac (60Hz)
Vs=secondary voltage of transformer = 9√2=12.73V
Discharge of a capacitor should cause IMAX =1A with discharge time that is equal to
T 1
Tdis = T/2 =
2
=
2f
= 8.3 ms. During rectification 1.4 volts will be dropped because of the two
diodes with 0.7V per diode.
Vs voltage will drop to (12.73 – 1.4) V= 11.33V.
When capacitor discharges into load circuit it must provide 7V to the LM7805 for it to work.
I ∗T dis
Finally Vs will reduce to (11.33 - 7) = 4.33V therefore capacitance C =
V
1∗0.008
= 4.33 = 0.0018475F = 1 847.5uF
A capacitor with 20pF is chosen for capacitor value should be greater or equal to calculated
value.

Also from the datasheet of LM7805, the module should have capacitors of 0.33uf and 0.1uf at
the input and output respectively. These ceramic capacitors serve the purpose of noise
suppression by shorting the noise to ground.
3.7
ARDUINO ATMEGA 2560 MICROCONTROLLER
Fig 1.5 ATMEGA 2560 Microcontroller
The Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller was chosen because of much more resources than
the Uno .It has 256kb of in system programmable flash EEPROM for storing code.it has
the ability to source or sink 40mA ,54 digital (I/O) pins of which 14 can be operated as
PWM outputs .The Arduino mega supports four serial ports .it has a built in boot loader

allowing code to be downloaded without the need for a programmer . 54 of the input output
pins 16 of them are analogue pins with 10 bit resolution .
PIN FUNCTION NUMBER OF PINS USED
LCD Control 2
LCD data lines 4
BUZZER 1
SENSOR INPUT 7
OUTPUT PORTS USED 16
INPUT PORTS USED 3
SERIAL PORTS USED 1
RESET 1
Table 1.1 microcontroller used pins and devices connected
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)

LCD2
LM044L
VDD
VSS
VEE
W
RS
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
R
E
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Fig10 Liquid Crystal Display
LCD has control lines and data lines which makes it possible to send information for
displaying by putting the control lines and data lines high or low,(Siddharth 2013 ) .Liquid
crystal display were used as visual output for sensor readings and to display information.
This helps to inform the workers and operators on the state of their work which is taking place at
a particular time. A20*4 (LCD) were chosen over the seven segment display because they
can be easily be programmed and interfaced and economical in terms of additional hardware
devices needed .
LCD PINOUT
LCD PIN FUNCTION OF THE P[IN
RS SET OR RESET RS=0 //instruction input RS =1, //DATA INPUT
E ENABLE ,clock signal to initiate data transfer
D0 –D7 Data bus line
Vss Ground
Vdd +5V
Vee Contrast control pin
Table 3 LCD PINOUT
BUZZER

+12V
D1
LED-RED
uC PIN R1 Q1
2N5551
4k
Fig11: Buzzer (Alarm) (a) and the microcontroller interfacing circuit (b).
The buzzer is used as an acoustic signalling device, alerting the operators in the form of alarms if
any mulfunction has occuer .It has a built in oscillator circuit which when dc voltage is
applied produce a consistent sound , (Arpit 2012)..
ENCODER
Absolute multi-turn rotary encoder TMA50
The encoder will be used as a position sensor for the mobile belt so locate bunker positions
LEVEL SENSOR

FDU91 ultrasonic sensor
The above level sensor will be used to measure the level of coal in the bunkers
: Sensor selection and sub system design

In this section the author selected the best possible sensors for the system and at the same time
designed the subsystem for which the sensor was going to function.
1.1.5.1.1 Level sensor

In the component analysis section the author found that there are 4 parameters to look at when
selecting a level sensor.
1. Output,
2. Number of axis,
3. Sensitivity and bandwidth and
4. Noise
In order to get minimum requirements for the system there was need to simulate the mobile
conveyor belt movements. So firstly, the author did the simulation using MATLAB Simulink.
1.1.5.2:Mobile conveyor belt simulation
The main objective of this section in this chapter of the project is to establish a mathematical
model of the mobile conveyor belt movement. The purpose of this task was to simulate how the
static act dynamic forces act on a mobile conveyor belt during operation that is what are the main

parameters describing the motions without performing any real test. Real world experiments are
difficult to realize there is need appropriate facilities, measuring devices, data acquisition
process, qualified staff and of course the conveyor belt itself. Therefore, it is justified to propose
a mathematical model of a conveyor belt motion and analyze it instead of a real experiment to
approximate its results. The Kulinowski model was used in the modelling. (Kulinowski, 2012)
Kulinowski Model
A dynamic belt conveyor model
In the physical model designed for analysing dynamic phenomena (Fig. 1), the reduced masses
of drives, i.e. electric motors, clutches, gears and driving pulleys including the appropriate
sections of the belt, the transported material and the reduced mass of the appropriate number of
idlers were concentrated in the points where drives are installed. The reduced masses associated
with the upper and lower belt were concentrated, respectively, in centres of mass distributed
along the conveyor route.
Fig. 1. Multi-mass model of a belt conveyor with distributed parameters
Variable xi represents the dislocations of particular points on the belt (i = 1, 2, ..., n). The
resistance to belt motion along a given section of the conveyor is represented by Wi and it is
assumed that the value and the sense of the resistance force depends on the belt speed vi .
Depending on the stated purpose of the model study, the value of resistances to motion is
determined using standard methods (DIN 22101, PN-M-46552) or the single resistance method
(Gładysiewicz, 2003). The components of the gravity force of the belt and the transported

material placed on it, tangential to the direction of belt movement, are represented by Gi , while
δi is the angle of slope relative to the modelled level of the i th section of the belt. Active forces
affecting the belt and coming from the drive are symbolised by Pi (Kulinowski, 2012). 126 Due
to the rheological phenomena occurring in the belt during the operation of the conveyor, the
standard rheological model of the belt, which is a serial combination of the Hooke and
KelvinVoigt models, is most often adopted for analysing the single-axis state of stresses. The
purpose of the planned simulation studies determines the correct frame of reference to be
adopted for the chosen set of differential equations. If it is important to observe dynamic
phenomena occurring in specific sections of the belt or splices, the values of forces, resistances
to motion and masses must be made dependent on the x coordinate of the location of the belt
section. However, what is most often important in research and design practice is the impact of
the belt on structural elements of the conveyor, so the conveyor model is described by equation
(1). The mathematical model of a belt conveyor is described by a system of second-order
ordinary differential equations.
Its matrix form is as follows (Kulinowski, 2012):
where:
M — reduced mass matrix;
N — damping coefficient matrix;
K — elasticity coefficient matrix;
W — resistance to motion matrix;
P — active force matrix;
x(t) — dislocation matrix;
G — matrix of component gravity forces.

Fig. 2 below presents a fragment of a block model of a conveyor with a two-parameter

rheological model of the belt. The motion equation for the jth segment of this model is described
by relationship (2).
Fig. 2. A fragment of the block diagram of the model of a conveyor (Kulinowski, 2012)
If there are intermediate drives, tensioners, discharge pulleys etc. at other points of the conveyor
route than in the vicinity of the head pulley or the tail pulley, reduced masses of mobile elements
of these devices were taken into account and associated with the appropriate point of 127 the
belt. If these devices are a source of active forces, the description of their operation is also
included in the simulation model. The method of modelling the driving force Pi depends on the
type of start-up system employed. For the purpose of the simulation studies conducted, models of
drives were developed which allow the conveyor to be started up using electromechanical drive
systems widely applied in mining, which allow the following start-ups: direct, with the use of
frequency converters and thyristor starters, using hydrodynamic couplings or contactor/resistance
starters for wound-rotor motors. The equation of motion for the j th segment of a conveyor with a
two-parameter rheol ogical model of the belt has the following form:
where: Sj — sum total of elasticity and damping forces in the rheological model of the belt, [N];

where:
kj — elasticity coefficient of the belt rheological model, [N/m];
ηj — damping coefficient of the belt rheological model, [Ns/m];
x — dislocation of the segment, [m].
Fig. 3. A block diagram of the model of a driving segment in the dynamic conveyor model
(Kulinowski, 2012)
1.1.5.3:The bunker level monitoring system

This consists of FDU91 ultrasonic level sensor selected in the sensor selection section above and
a microcontroller interconnected through relays
This system will be having one continuous level sensors on each bunker.
Designed circuit for simulation is shown in the figure below.

1.1.5.4:The bunker delivery system design and the main conveyor receiving system
This system acts as the center of the system. The reason being it is activated whenever any of the
subsystems thresholds are exceeded that is the low level sensor or critical low level sensor is
triggered at a certain bunker. The system consists of a microcontroller, position sensor for mobile
belt movement from its current location to the position of the bunker which will need to be
refilled and a portable rail mounted mobile conveyor belt which can rotate in forward and
reverse. Each time of operation one end of the mobile belt act as a receiver to the main conveyor
and the other as a deliverer to the bunker, this is all organised by the microcontroller depending
on the position.
1.1.5.5:Conveyor belts timing
In conveyor belt driving, there is need for the right conveyor belt timing between the supply belt
and the mobile belt because of two factor:
 If supply belt is triggered too early before the mobile belt reaches the destination, there is
risk of coal spilling on the ground.
 If supply belt is triggered too early before the mobile belt get triggered, there is risk of
overloading the mobile belt and also spillage of coal. Both of these scenarios have to be
avoided by all means possible in conveyor belt transportation system and the best way is
to start the conveyors after the mobile belt reaches the intended point of delivery.
System integration
Integration refers to combining disparate systems so they work as one system. The integration
within a mechatronics system can be performed in two kinds, through the integration of
components (hardware integration) and through the integration by information processing
(software integration). In this case, all the designed subsystem were integrated to come up with

the smart conveyor belt receiving system, bunker filling and bunker level monitoring. Both kinds
of integration were performed that is hardware and software integration. The integrated hardware
circuit is as shown below
Figure 3 Integrated system
: Programing Design
The programming design of the filling and level monitoring system can be separated into three
modules, which are the program on the level monitoring subsystem, the program of the main

conveyor belt receiving subsystem and the program for the multi-bunker coal filling process sub
system.
The general requirement for the program are:
 The user shall be able to install the system and be able to communicate with it
using any interactive user interface.
 The system must be able to perform all its intended duties without problems.
 All the subsystems should be able to communicate and interact smoothly.
Below is the program flow chat

As the system is powered on, the system will check all the monitored parameters to see if they
are all in range. Then it starts continuously reading the parameter status.
START
Check
bunker levels
yes Is the
Bunker
full?
YES Low N0 NO
level?
Stop supply belt Keep filling the

and mobile belt bunker
Move mobile belt
to the bunker
and trigger
supply and
mobile belt
END TASK
Figure 4: system flow chart


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DESIGNING OF AUTOMATED MULTI COAL BUNKER FILLING AND LEVEL MONITERING

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

NAME: ZIKI RONALD

1 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

Figure 1: VDI 2206 methodology

2 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

1.1.2: CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS

Table 1: customer requirements

Customer requirements Purpose/significance

Automated For automatic level monitoring and filling of

Effective Must suit its function effectively

Low cost Must be of low cost for easy purchase

Convenient Perform its function to the user’s satisfaction

Reliable Perform operations as required all the time.

Durability Must have a long life

Accessibility Easy access for maintenance

Easy installation Easy to install in every place of need

Shutdown process Can be shut down if not needed by the user

1.1.3: SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

System requirements are well-defined product requirements, to create a detailed functional

3 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

There are two types of system requirements;

2) Soft or Tradeoff system requirements; after understanding the mandatory requirements,

Table 2: Requirements Analysis

Unit Requirements TYPE

Mechanical System height

4 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

1.1.4: SYSTEM OPERATION

1. The bunker level monitoring

The bunker level monitoring

The conveyor receiving system

5 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

1.1.5: SYSTEM DESIGN

Mechatronics systems design is Modern interdisciplinary design procedure;

Morphological table and analysis

Table 3: Morphological chart (solution generation)

6 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

level sensor Ultrasonic Radar RF Admittance Vibration

Position sensor potentiometer Encoder

Human Machine LCD

Power Battery Mains supply

 The material must be fire proof,

: Material Selection method

7 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

Young’s Tensile Material cost Processing Weight

8 | Page by Trueman Chiwororo

SYSTEM USING A PORTABLE RAIL MOUNTED MOBILE CONVEYOR BELT

Aluminum 6061 276 $ 2.80 8 4

Steel (SAE 1040 $0.50 7 8

Brass 110 $3.20 3 7

Table 4: material property analysis(ME349, 2014)

Figure 2: Mechanical design

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS DOMAIN

Before designing the electrical system, several requirements had

System power calculations