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Ejaculation disorders

Article in International Journal of Advanced Studies in Sexology · June 2020

DOI: 10.46388/ijass.2020.13.24

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International Journal of Advanced Studies in Sexology https://www.sexology.ro/jurnal
© Sexology Institute of Romania ISSN 2668-7194 (print), ISSN 2668-9987 (online)
Vol. 2(2), 2020, pp. 85-88 DOI: 10.46388/ijass.2020.13.24

EJACULATION DISORDERS

EUGENIA COȘCODAN

“Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Iași, Romania

Corresponding author email: eugeniacoscodan@gmail.com

Abstract
Ejaculation disorders are one of the sexual problems faced by the male population. These are common
and are often associated with other comorbidities. This article aims to present conclusive information
in the identification of ejaculation disorders, together with the psychological factors directly involved
in their onset and evolution.

Key words: sexual impulse, sexual behavior, ejaculation disorders, premature ejaculation sexual
dysfunction, delayed ejaculation, physiological factors, psychological factors.

INTRODUCTION sexual behavior. Also, another important factor

Since ancient times, sexuality has played
an important role in the development and
evolution of mankind. Each society, depend-
ing on the culture, religion, values, traditions,
customs, specific to each geographical area,
presents certain rules in order to adapt, both to
the community they belong to and to the rela-
tionships between individuals. These rules also
apply to sexual behavior. The natural expres-
sion of natural sexual impulses was often
limited by formal and informal education. In
the study “Demonstration of fetal penile erec-
tion in utero”, conducted in 1980 by Hitchcock
DA, Sutphen JH, Scholly TA., it is certified that
the impulses that are part of sexual behavior,
appear from the first months after birth, in the
form of “erection”.
Parents’ reactions, education, and atti-
tudes toward sexuality, in terms of these
sexual impulses, contribute to and influence
the evolution and development of future adult
in terms of the evolution of sexuality, may be
the surprise of the parents by the child, in the
middle of the love act, an action interpreted, in
most cases by the child, as an aggression.
Thus, people who receive a rigid and
severe education may develop sooner or later:
deviant sexual behaviors, sexual dysfunctions,
paraphilias, gender identity disorders, ejacu-
lation disorders and others. In the following,
we will address ejaculation disorders that are
specific to men.
Theoretical approach
According to the “Pocket Clinical
Psychiatry Handbook” by Kaplan & Sadock,
2015, ejaculation disorders refer to sexual
dysfunctions that are affected by a number
of factors, such as: biological, psychological
and sociological factors. “The expression of
sexuality can be affected by internal and exter-
nal genitals, hormones and neurohormones,

*Corresponding author: 3 Toma Cozma Street, Iaşi 700554, Romania, Phone: +40 232 201 028

85
 EUGENIA COȘCODAN
intrapsychic dynamics, interpersonal relation-
ships, socio-economic status and prevalent
cultural morals.” When multiple episodes of
ejaculation disorder occur, “sexual perfor-
mance anxiety” inevitably occurs, and it
“aggravates the disorder and tends to perpet-
uate it.”
In the literature, ejaculation disorders
include the following sexual dysfunctions:
premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation,
retrograde ejaculation, anejaculation.
Premature ejaculation (PE) is also called
premature ejaculation. Before defining this
disorder, it is important to know the defini-
tion of the duration of sexual intercourse. The
answer to this question can be found in the
paper entitled: “Male sexual dysfunctions.
Erectile dysfunction and ejaculation disor-
ders”, by Ion Dumbrăveanu, namely: “... as
long as both partners feel good”.
In the same vein, the author encourages
us to differentiate between sexual intercourse
and latent intravaginal time. To begin with, it
is important to know that a fulfilling sexual act
consists of at least three components, namely:
foreplay, play and postplay.
The prelude, for some younger, inexpe-
rienced people, is often missing, or done in
a hurry. However, in some works of sexol-
ogy, the foreplay is mentioned as a significant
component, given the quality of a fulfilling act
of love. The recommendation to perform this
step is about 30 minutes, during which the
man explores by caressing, gently touching the
woman’s erogenous zones.
In this way, the woman relaxes and adjusts
to her boyfriend, who prepares her for the next
stage, namely play. In the above-mentioned
paper, the definition of premature ejaculation
is also mentioned, which “is characterized by
the occurrence of ejaculation at an interval of
less than 2-3 minutes from the intrusion or at
least 25-30 frictions.” In other words, it refers to
the situation in which the man reaches orgasm
and ejaculation before he wants to.
This disorder is “more prevalent in young
men, men with a new partner and those
with higher education,” compared to those
86
without higher education. According to Kaplan
& Sadock, 2015, “it is considered to be related
to partner satisfaction”.
Premature ejaculation can be occasional,
accidental and can occur in the presence of
strong emotions or at the other pole, when he
does not feel any emotion towards his girl-
friend. Also, this disorder can occur after a long
period of abstinence or early onset of sexual
activity, being conditioned by the absence
of sex education, when the body is not fully
matured.
The physiological factors involved in this
disorder are:
• drug use;
• prostate surgery;
• chronic prostatitis;
• thyroid disorders;
• urogenital inflammation caused by sexu-
ally transmitted infections.
Premature ejaculation disorder is most
often associated with several psychological
factors, such as:
• unconscious fear of the vagina;
• couple or family relationship problems;
• depression;
• anxiety related to sexual performance.
Delayed ejaculation is also found in
psychology works with the name of late ejacu-
lation, and refers to the situation in which the
man is facing a significant delay in ejaculation.
The causes of this disorder can be both physi-
cal and psychological.
Physiological factors include:
• age;
• the presence of diabetes;
• spinal cord injuries;
• multiple sclerosis;
• the presence of a drug treatment (this
can be antidepressants, antipsychotics, strong
anesthetics, drugs that treat high blood pres-
sure or those that relax muscles, tranquilizers
or inhibitors of serotonin uptake).
And the psychological factors include:
• untreated sexual traumas from
childhood;
• alcohol consumption;
• drugs;
 Ejaculation disorders
• late secondary hypergonadism;
• stress;
• couple or family relationship problems.
Another disorder included in ejaculation
disorders is anejaculation (it is when it is
impossible to ejaculate, regardless of the dura-
tion of sexual intercourse, even if there may be
the presence of orgasm). Physiological factors
can be:
• the consequence of neurological diseases;
• traumas to the spine;
• surgery;
• multiple sclerosis;
• diabetes;
The psychological factors in this disorder
may be similar to late ejaculation disorder.
Retrograde ejaculation or “dry ejacula-
tion” (is when semen is directed to the blad-
der, instead of through the urethral canal). This
is considered to be a disorder, even if the man
reaches orgasm. Under such conditions, normal
ejaculation is completely absent, or only a very
small amount of semen may be expelled. This
phenomenon can be easily observed immedi-
ately after orgasm, when it can be seen that the
urine is “cloudy”, being mixed with semen. We
must also mention that this disorder can affect
the quality of semen, in the case of the man
who wants to have children.
The physiological factors involved in the
occurrence of retrograde ejaculation can be:
• surgery on the prostate or bladder;
• neurological diseases;
• diabetes;
• damage to the nerves located near the
bladder;
• multiple sclerosis;
The psychological factors associated with
this disorder are:
• tiredness;
• stress;
• consumption of hallucinogenic
substances;
• low self-image;
• anticipatory anxiety;
• inhibition of sexual impulses.
In the same formula, we can mention that
at the level of psychological factors, in addition
to those mentioned, are added: limiting beliefs,
prejudices, dysfunctional thoughts, feelings of
shame and guilt accumulated from childhood.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it is important to mention
that in the psychotherapy of sexual dynamics
disorders, the diagnosis is made by an author-
ized specialist in ejaculation disorders. If drug
treatment is recommended, it is applied in
conjunction with psychotherapy sessions.
With the help of a complex approach, in
order to solve psychological and emotional
problems, both consciously and unconsciously
they are approached through psychotherapy:
automatic thoughts, erroneous conclusions,
sexual traumas related to sexuality acquired in
childhood and adolescence. Numerous studies
(Delcea C, 2019; Delcea C, 2019; Voinea M. M.,
& Delcea C., 2020; Delcea C., Perju-Dumbrava
D., Kovacs, M. I., et al, 201) confirm our results.
For effectiveness in treating ejaculation
disorders, it is recommended to look beyond
the act of treating sexual dysfunction itself,
which is the correct relationship to sexu-
ality, taking into account both the sexual
com­ ponent and the emotional component.
Bibliography
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Handbook, 2015.
2. Florin Tudose, Cătălina Tudose, Letitia
Dobrănici. Treatise on psychopathology and
psychiatry for psychologists, 2011.
3. The National Health Service (NHS) - https://
www.nhs.uk/conditions/ejaculation-problems/
4. Accuracy of fetal sex demonstration by
ultrasound https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.
com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00477.x
5. American Pregnancy Association - http://
americanpregnancy.org/infertility/male-
infertility/
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 EUGENIA COȘCODAN
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