Module 1

1. What is the estimated amount of data produced annually in the digital universe
according to the 2014 Digital Universe Study?
A) 4.4 million gigabytes (GB)
B) 4.4 trillion gigabytes (GB)
C) 44 trillion gigabytes (GB)
D) 44 million gigabytes (GB)

Answer: B) 4.4 trillion gigabytes (GB)

2. How often is the data in the digital universe estimated to double based on the study?
A) Every year
B) Every three years
C) Every two years
D) Every five years

Answer: C) Every two years

3. Which technology trend is contributing to the growth of the digital universe by enabling
devices to exchange data over the Internet?
A) Artificial Intelligence (AI)
B) Virtual Reality (VR)
C) Internet of Things (IoT)
D) Blockchain

Answer: C) Internet of Things (IoT)

4. What are examples of devices that are part of the Internet of Things (IoT) as mentioned in
the passage?
A) Desktop computers and laptops
B) Smartwatches and fitness activity trackers
C) Landline telephones and fax machines
D) CRT televisions and VCRs

Answer: B) Smartwatches and fitness activity trackers

5. How is the Internet of Things (IoT) impacting healthcare, as described in the passage?
A) Enabling remote monitoring of patients
B) Enhancing traditional medical procedures
C) Providing real-time weather updates
D) Improving infrastructure management

Answer: A) Enabling remote monitoring of patients

6. Which industry is mentioned as benefiting from IoT technology for remote equipment
monitoring and maintenance scheduling?
A) Agriculture
B) Construction
C) Healthcare
D) Infrastructure management

Answer: D) Infrastructure management

7. What is driving the growth of the digital universe, as highlighted in the passage?
A) Decrease in online activities
B) Limited use of smartphones and tablets
C) Proliferation of social networking and IoT devices
D) Reduction in data generation by individuals

Answer: C) Proliferation of social networking and IoT devices

1. What is the main focus of digital transformation in the context of data storage?
A) Reducing the use of data
B) Increasing the use of data for business operations
C) Decreasing the importance of data in organizations
D) None of the above

Answer: B) Increasing the use of data for business operations

2. How often is the data in the digital universe estimated to double based on the study?
A) Every year
B) Every three years
C) Every two years
D) Every five years

Answer: C) Every two years

3. Which technology trend is contributing to the growth of the digital universe by enabling
devices to exchange data over the Internet?
A) Artificial Intelligence (AI)
B) Virtual Reality (VR)
C) Internet of Things (IoT)
D) Blockchain

Answer: C) Internet of Things (IoT)

4. What is the primary goal of a digital transformation with data in an organization?

A) To decrease the use of data in business operations
B) To increase the use of data for business operations
C) To eliminate data from business operations
D) None of the above

Answer: B) To increase the use of data for business operations

5. What is the role of data management in digital transformation?

A) To discourage the use of data in digital transformation initiatives
B) To encourage the use of data in digital transformation initiatives
C) To ignore data in digital transformation initiatives
D) None of the above

Answer: B) To encourage the use of data in digital transformation initiatives

6. What are the three strategic focus areas for digitally transforming the enterprise in the
context of data storage environments?
A) Customer experience, operational processes, and business models
B) Data protection, data storage, and data management
C) Data security, data backup, and data recovery
D) None of the above

Answer: A) Customer experience, operational processes, and business models

1. What is the original meaning of the term "data"?

A) A collection of facts
B) A single fact
C) A collection of discrete or continuous values
D) A single value in a collection of data

Answer: D) A single value in a collection of data

2. What is the common usage of the term "data" in everyday language and in technical and
scientific fields?
A) A collection of facts or information
B) A single fact or piece of information
C) A collection of discrete or continuous values
D) A single value in a collection of data

Answer: A) A collection of facts or information

3. Which of the following is true about the term "data" in computing?
A) It is always treated as a plural form
B) It is always treated as a singular form
C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and figures
D) It is treated as a plural form when referring to digital data

Answer: C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and

figures

4. What is the common usage of the term "data" when referring to digital data in
computing?
A) A collection of facts or information
B) A single fact or piece of information
C) A collection of discrete or continuous values
D) A single value in a collection of data

Answer: A) A collection of facts or information

5. Which of the following is true about the term "data" in scientific use?
A) It is always treated as a singular form
B) It is always treated as a plural form
C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and figures
D) It is treated as a plural form when referring to digital data

Answer: B) It is always treated as a plural form

6. Which of the following is true about the term "data" in everyday language and in
technical and scientific fields such as software development and computer science?
A) It is always treated as a singular form
B) It is always treated as a plural form
C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and figures
D) It is treated as a plural form when referring to digital data

Answer: C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and

figures

7. Which of the following is true about the term "data" in scientific use?
A) It is always treated as a singular form
B) It is always treated as a plural form
C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and figures
D) It is treated as a plural form when referring to digital data

Answer: B) It is always treated as a plural form

8. Which of the following is true about the term "data" in scientific use?
A) It is always treated as a singular form
B) It is always treated as a plural form
C) It is treated as a singular or mass noun representing a collection of facts and figures
D) It is treated as a plural form when referring to digital data

Answer: B) It is always treated as a plural form

1. What defines structured data?
- A) It is organized in fixed fields within a record or file.
- B) It lacks a formal data model but has an apparent structure.
- C) It consists of erratic textual data formats.
- D) It is not organized in any particular format.

Answer: A) It is organized in fixed fields within a record or file.

2. Which of the following is an example of semi-structured data?

- A) Text documents
- B) PDF files
- C) Spreadsheets
- D) Images

Answer: C) Spreadsheets

3. What characterizes quasi-structured data?

- A) It has a formal data model.
- B) It is organized in named tables.
- C) It consists of erratic data formats.
- D) It includes data about webpage visits in successive mouse clicks.

Answer: D) It includes data about webpage visits in successive mouse clicks.

4. Which type of data does not have a data model and is not organized in any particular
format?
- A) Structured data
- B) Semi-structured data
- C) Quasi-structured data
- D) Unstructured data

Answer: D) Unstructured data

5. In a call center for customer support of a software product, which type(s) of data are
typically generated?
- A) Only structured data
- B) Only unstructured data
- C) Both structured and unstructured data
- D) Only semi-structured data

Answer: C) Both structured and unstructured data

1. What is the difference between data and information?

a) Data is processed, while information is raw.
b) Data is useful, while information is not.
c) Data is a collection of facts, while information is processed and organized data.
d) Data enables decision-making, while information does not.

Answer: c) Data is a collection of facts, while information is processed and organized

data.
2. Which of the following accurately describes the role of processed data?
a) It creates knowledge and enables decision-making.
b) It remains raw and unorganized.
c) It lacks value for organizations.
d) It is difficult to interpret.

Answer: a) It creates knowledge and enables decision-making.

3. Why is processing and analyzing data important for organizations?

a) It makes data more difficult to manage.
b) It creates confusion within the organization.
c) It allows organizations to derive value and make informed decisions.
d) It consumes fewer resources.

Answer: c) It allows organizations to derive value and make informed decisions.

4. Which type of data is easier to process due to its organized form?

a) Structured data
b) Unstructured data
c) Semi-structured data
d) Non-processed data

Answer: a) Structured data

5. What makes processing non-structured data challenging?
a) It requires fewer resources.
b) It is already organized.
c) It is time-consuming and difficult.
d) It provides immediate insights.

Answer: c) It is time-consuming and difficult.

Sure, here are some multiple-choice questions based on the provided information:

1. Which of the following is an example of a magnetic storage device?

A) Blu-ray
B) Solid state drive (SSD)
C) Hard disk drive
D) USB thumb drive

Answer: C) Hard disk drive

2. What type of storage device is typically used for backing up and archiving data?
A) Solid state drive (SSD)
B) Magnetic tape drive
C) Memory card
D) Blu-ray

Answer: B) Magnetic tape drive

3. What is a storage system in enterprise environments?
A) A single storage device for backing up data
B) A hardware component containing a group of heterogeneous storage devices
C) A software application for managing files
D) A hardware component containing a group of homogeneous/heterogeneous storage
devices assembled within a cabinet

Answer: D) A hardware component containing a group of homogeneous/heterogeneous

storage devices assembled within a cabinet

4. Which of the following is a characteristic of enterprise-class storage systems?

A) Low scalability
B) Low reliability
C) High performance
D) Limited security

Answer: C) High performance

5. In an organization's IT infrastructure, compute systems are provided storage capacity

from:
A) Backup servers
B) Network equipment
C) Storage systems
D) Magnetic tape drives

Answer: C) Storage systems

1. What does a data center primarily house, operate, and maintain?
a) Frontend IT infrastructure
b) Backend IT infrastructure
c) Mobile devices
d) Networking hardware
Answer: b) Backend IT infrastructure

2. Which of the following is NOT typically included in a data center?

a) Facility
b) IT equipment
c) Support personnel
d) Support infrastructure
Answer: c) Support personnel

3. What type of equipment is used to hold power and network cables in a data center?
a) Raised floor
b) Cabinets
c) HVAC systems
d) Fire detection systems
Answer: a) Raised floor

4. What is one of the key components of support infrastructure in a data center?

a) Fire detection systems
b) Uninterruptible power sources
c) Compute systems
d) Storage systems
Answer: b) Uninterruptible power sources
5. How do organizations typically use data centers to provide access to applications?
a) Over intranet only
b) Over the phone
c) Over the Internet
d) By courier service
Answer: c) Over the Internet

6. What term is used to describe data centers built within an organization's own facility?
a) In-house data centers
b) Outsourced data centers
c) Green data centers
d) Virtual data centers
Answer: a) In-house data centers

7. What are data centers called when they are designed to minimize energy consumption
and environmental impact?
a) Red data centers
b) Blue data centers
c) Green data centers
d) Yellow data centers
Answer: c) Green data centers
8. Why do large organizations often maintain multiple data centers?
a) To increase energy consumption
b) To centralize data processing
c) To distribute data-processing workloads
d) To reduce security measures
Answer: c) To distribute data-processing workloads

1. What key characteristic ensures that information is available when needed, preventing
potential financial losses and damage to an organization's reputation?
- A) Security
- B) Capacity
- C) Availability
- D) Scalability
- Answer: C) Availability

2. Which characteristic refers to the establishment of policies and procedures to prevent

unauthorized access to and alteration of information?
- A) Capacity
- B) Performance
- C) Security
- D) Manageability
- Answer: C) Security
3. What characteristic ensures that data center resources can efficiently store and process
large and increasing amounts of data?
- A) Availability
- B) Capacity
- C) Performance
- D) Scalability
- Answer: B) Capacity

4. Which characteristic allows data center resources to adapt to changing requirements

without interrupting business operations?
- A) Scalability
- B) Data integrity
- C) Performance
- D) Manageability
- Answer: A) Scalability

5. What characteristic ensures that data is stored and retrieved exactly as it was received?
- A) Availability
- B) Data integrity
- C) Performance
- D) Manageability
- Answer: B) Data integrity
6. Which characteristic focuses on providing optimal performance based on required
service levels?
- A) Scalability
- B) Data integrity
- C) Performance
- D) Manageability
- Answer: C) Performance

7. What characteristic involves the easy, flexible, and integrated management of all data
center components?
- A) Manageability
- B) Security
- C) Availability
- D) Capacity
- Answer: A) Manageability

1. What is the primary objective of the monitoring process in a data center?

a) Collating and presenting resource utilization
b) Gathering information on various resources
c) Configuring and allocating resources
d) Estimating future resource requirements
Answer: b) Gathering information on various resources
2. Which process involves analyzing resource performance and identifying problems in a
data center?
a) Reporting
b) Provisioning
c) Planning
d) Maintenance
Answer: a) Reporting

3. What is provisioning primarily focused on in a data center?

a) Analyzing resource utilization
b) Estimating future resource requirements
c) Configuring and allocating resources
d) Identifying incidents and resolving them
Answer: c) Configuring and allocating resources

4. What is the main purpose of the planning process in a data center?

a) Analyzing resource performance
b) Estimating future resource requirements
c) Collating and presenting monitored parameters
d) Resolving incidents such as malfunctions
Answer: b) Estimating future resource requirements
5. Which process involves standard repeatable activities for operating a data center?
a) Monitoring
b) Reporting
c) Provisioning
d) Maintenance
Answer: d) Maintenance

1. What defines a computing platform according to IDC?

a) Hardware and software associated with a particular computing architecture
b) Number of applications available
c) Size of the data center
d) Number of mainframes deployed

Answer: a) Hardware and software associated with a particular computing architecture

2. Which platform was primarily based on mainframes and terminals?

a) Platform 1
b) Platform 2
c) Platform 3
d) Platform 4

Answer: a) Platform 1
3. Which platform emerged with the birth of the personal computer (PC) in the 1980s?
a) Platform 1
b) Platform 2
c) Platform 3
d) Platform 4

Answer: b) Platform 2

4. What technologies define Platform 3?

a) Mainframes and terminals
b) Client-server model and RDBMSs
c) Cloud, Big Data, mobile, and social technologies
d) Ethernet and web applications

Answer: c) Cloud, Big Data, mobile, and social technologies

5. What is the user base supported by the third platform?

a) Millions
b) Hundreds of millions
c) Billions
d) Trillions

Answer: c) Billions
6. How many applications and solutions did the second platform support?
a) Thousands
b) Tens of thousands
c) Hundreds of thousands
d) Millions

Answer: b) Tens of thousands

7. What percentage of the world's population is currently connected to the Internet?

a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 36%
d) 50%

Answer: c) 36%
1. What are mainframes primarily used for in an organization's data center?
a) Hosting mission-critical applications and databases
b) Running lightweight applications
c) Providing web services
d) Managing network infrastructure
Answer: a) Hosting mission-critical applications and databases
2. How do users connect to mainframes?
a) Through powerful desktop computers
b) Through less-powerful devices like workstations or terminals
c) Through mobile devices
d) Through virtual reality headsets
Answer: b) Through less-powerful devices like workstations or terminals

3. Where is the processing performed in a mainframe system?

a) On the user's device
b) On the terminal
c) On the workstation
d) On the mainframe itself
Answer: d) On the mainframe itself

4. Which of the following is not a concern associated with mainframes?

a) High reliability
b) High acquisition costs
c) Considerable floor space requirements
d) Low security
Answer: d) Low security

5. Which type of organizations historically used mainframes for their business operations?
a) Startups
b) Large organizations such as banks and insurance agencies
c) Freelancers
d) Small businesses
Answer: b) Large organizations such as banks and insurance agencies
1. What is the primary role of a server in the client-server model?
a) Run client applications
b) Provide services to client programs over a network
c) Manage storage and retrieval of information from databases
d) Act as end-point devices for clients

Answer: b) Provide services to client programs over a network

2. In a two-tier architecture, what tasks might the client and server perform, respectively?
a) Both run the business application
b) Server runs the business application; client runs the DBMS
c) Client runs the DBMS; server runs the business application
d) Client runs the business application; server manages storage and retrieval of
information

Answer: d) Client runs the business application; server manages storage and retrieval of
information

3. What architecture involves a client accepting information while the server processes it
and sends data to a second server running the DBMS?
a) Two-tier architecture
b) Three-tier architecture
c) Mainframe architecture
d) n-tier architecture

Answer: b) Three-tier architecture

4. How does a client typically interact with the application server in the client-server
model?
a) Through a web browser
b) Through HTTP requests
c) Using client software
d) Through database queries

Answer: c) Using client software

5. What protocol is commonly used for communication between clients and web servers in
the client-server model?
a) FTP
b) SMTP
c) HTTP
d) TCP/IP

Answer: c) HTTP

1. What challenge is associated with the client-server model and the creation of IT silos?
a) High initial hardware costs
b) Difficulty in efficiently utilizing IT resources
c) Limited scalability of mainframes
d) Ease of managing and integrating disparate systems

Answer: b) Difficulty in efficiently utilizing IT resources

2. What contributes to the maintenance overhead in organizations using the client-server
model?
a) Low cost of server hardware
b) Centralized management of IT resources
c) Individual servers running business applications
d) Integration of application and information silos

Answer: c) Individual servers running business applications

3. Which term describes individual, disparate systems in the context of the client-server
model?
a) Integration hubs
b) Information bridges
c) Application silos
d) Resource pools

Answer: c) Application silos

4. What is a significant operational expenditure (OPEX) associated with the client-server

model?
a) Hardware acquisition costs
b) Server consolidation expenses
c) Maintenance of multiple servers and clients
d) Software licensing fees

Answer: c) Maintenance of multiple servers and clients

5. How does the client-server model address rapid growth in users, information, and
application workloads?
a) By implementing centralized mainframe systems
b) By optimizing processing and application logic distribution
c) By adding more clients to distribute the workload
d) By reducing the number of servers and clients

Answer: b) By optimizing processing and application logic distribution

1. What are the foundational technologies of the third platform as defined by IDC and
Gartner?
- A) AI, Blockchain, IoT, Robotics
- B) Cloud, Big Data, Mobile, Social
- C) Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Quantum Computing, Automation
- D) Mainframe Computing, Client-Server Architecture, Relational Databases, Email

Answer: B) Cloud, Big Data, Mobile, Social

2. What is the core feature of the cloud in the context of the third platform?
- A) Provisioning IT resources as a service
- B) Storing large amounts of data
- C) Enabling collaboration between users
- D) Providing access to applications on mobile devices

Answer: A) Provisioning IT resources as a service

3. Which term does Gartner use to describe the third platform?
- A) Nexus of Technologies
- B) Platform 2.5
- C) Nexus of Forces
- D) Disruptive Technologies

Answer: C) Nexus of Forces

4. How are third platform technologies different from second platform technologies?
- A) They replace second platform technologies entirely.
- B) They are not as widely adopted as second platform technologies.
- C) They focus on different industries.
- D) They enhance second platform technologies rather than substituting them.

Answer: D) They enhance second platform technologies rather than substituting them.

5. What is the key aspect of the third platform according to the provided text?
- A) Utilization of only one technology at a time
- B) Convergence of multiple technologies
- C) Focus on legacy systems
- D) Exclusively cloud-based solutions

Answer: B) Convergence of multiple technologies

6. What is the estimated percentage of worldwide IT spending on second platform
technologies?
- A) 40%
- B) 74%
- C) 80%
- D) 100%

Answer: B) 74%

7. What is Platform 2.5 in the context of third platform adoption?

- A) An advanced version of the third platform
- B) A bridge between the second and third platforms
- C) A legacy technology platform
- D) A cloud-based solution

Answer: B) A bridge between the second and third platforms

8. Which industries are mentioned as being transformed by third platform technologies?

- A) Agriculture and Manufacturing
- B) Education and Hospitality
- C) Retail and Healthcare
- D) Transportation and Energy

Answer: C) Retail and Healthcare

9. What is the primary focus of future global IT spending according to IDC predictions?
- A) Legacy systems maintenance
- B) Software development tools
- C) Third platform technologies and related segments
- D) Hardware infrastructure upgrades

Answer: C) Third platform technologies and related segments

10. By what year is it estimated that third platform technologies would account for over 40
percent of IT spending?
- A) 2030
- B) 2025
- C) 2020
- D) 2040

Answer: C) 2020: