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CBSE Class 8 Maths Notes

This document provides revision notes on various math concepts for Class 8 including: 1. It defines ratio, proportion, percentage, and the formulas to calculate them. 2. It explains profit and loss concepts like cost price, selling price, discount, marked price, and sales tax. 3. It describes the differences between simple interest and compound interest, providing the formulas to calculate each. 4. It lists some applications of compound interest like population growth, bacterial growth, and changing value of objects over time.

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Manoj Sharma
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253 views3 pages

CBSE Class 8 Maths Notes

This document provides revision notes on various math concepts for Class 8 including: 1. It defines ratio, proportion, percentage, and the formulas to calculate them. 2. It explains profit and loss concepts like cost price, selling price, discount, marked price, and sales tax. 3. It describes the differences between simple interest and compound interest, providing the formulas to calculate each. 4. It lists some applications of compound interest like population growth, bacterial growth, and changing value of objects over time.

Uploaded by

Manoj Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Revision Notes

Class 8 Maths
Chapter 8 - Comparing Quantities

• Ratio:
o Ratio is the term for comparing through division.
o The unit of ratio quantities is the same.
o There is no unit for ratio.
o Proportion is the equality of two ratios.
It mean that,
p : q are equal proportional to the s : t
That is
p : q :: s : t
p s
=
q t

• Product of extremes = Product of means

• Percentage:
o The term "percentage" refers to the number of people in a group of
100 .
o A percentage is the outcome of any division with a divisor of 100 .
o Percentage can be calculated as;
Value
Percentage = ×100
Total Value
o The divisor is represented by the sign percent, which is read as
percent.

• Profit and Loss:


1. Cost Price (CP):
The cost price of an object is its initial unit purchase price.
2. Selling Price (SP):
Selling price is the amount a buyer pays for it.

• Overhead expenses are expenses incurred after the purchase of an item


and are included in the cost price. These could include costs such as
repair costs, labour costs, transportation, and so on.
Class VIII Maths [Link] 1
• A discount is a reduction in the price of anything that has already been
marked down.
Discount = Marked Price - Sale Price
The Marked price is the tagged price or list price which is the price on
the label of an article or product.
This is the price at which the product will be offered for sale.

• When a discount % is specified, the discount can be calculated.


Discount = Discount % of Marked Price
However, there may be a reduction applied to this price, and the product's
real selling price may be lower than the marked price.
a) Marked Price > Selling Price , when a discount is offered.
b) Marked Price < Selling Price , when a discount is not available.

• Overhead expenses are expenses incurred after the purchase of an item


and are included in the cost price.
CP = Buying price + Overhead expenses

• The government levies a sales tax on the sale of an item, which is then
added to the total bill amount.
Sales tax = Tax% of Bill Amount

• GST (Products and Services Tax) is a tax placed on the provision of


goods, services, or both.

• Simple Interest:
When the principal stays the same during the loan term, the interest paid
is referred to as simple interest.
P  R  T
SI =
100

• Compound Interest:
Compound interest is interest calculated on the sum from the previous
year amount A = P + I

1. When interest is compounded annually, the total amount


n
 R 
= P 1 +  Where, P is principal, R is rate of interest and n is
 100 
time period
Class VIII Maths [Link] 2
2. When interest is compounded half-yearly, the amount
2n
 R 
 
= P 1 + 2 
 100 
 
R
is half-yearly rate and 2n = No. of 'half-years'
2
We compute the interest twice if the interest is compounded half-
yearly. As a result, the time period is doubled and the rate is cut in
half.

• Applications of Compound Interest:


In our daily life, the Compound Interest applicable for determining the
following areas;
1. Population growth (or decline).
2. Bacterial growth if the rate of growth is known.
3. The value of an object if its price rises or falls over the course of
several years.

Class VIII Maths [Link] 3

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