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SANKALP 2025
Polity - Prelims Questions DPP - 14

1. Consider the following statements regarding I.C 4. In the Keshavananda Bharati case, the Supreme
Golaknath case: Court held that the power of Parliament to
amend the Constitution is:
1. Fundamental Rights can not be amended.
2. The constitutional amendment act comes (a) Unlimited
under purview of Article 13. (b) Subject to judicial review
Which of the statements given above is/are (c) Subject to approval by the President
correct? (d) Subject to a referendum
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 5. The Keshavananda Bharati case primarily dealt
with the issue of:

2. In response to I.C. Golaknath judgment, Indira (a) Freedom of speech and expression
Gandhi brought which of the following (b) Right to life and personal liberty
constitutional amendments? (c) Federalism and distribution of powers
th th
(a) 24 and 25 Amendment Act (d) Right to property
(b) 42nd and 52th Amendment Act
(c) 42nd and 44th Amendment Act
(d) 1st and 9th Amendment Act

3. Basic Structure Doctrine is taken from the

_______of Doctrine of Implied Limitation?
(a) German Principle
(b) British Principle
(c) American Principle
(d) French Principle
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Answer

1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c)


Hints and Solutions
1. Answer: (c)
Option (c) is correct:
Statement 1 is correct: Golaknath v. State Of
Punjab, was a 1967 Indian Supreme Court case,
in which the Court ruled that Parliament could
not curtail any of the Fundamental Rights in the
Constitution.
Statement 2 is correct: A constitutional
amendment under Article 368 of the
Constitution was an ordinary 'law' within the
meaning of Article 13(3) of the Constitution.
2. Answer: (a)
Option (a) is correct:
 In response to I.C. Golaknath judgment,
Indira Gandhi brought the 24th
Amendment and 25th Amendment.
 24th Amendment: It made Article 368 and
Article 13 exclusive from each other
(Anything done in article 368 has nothing to
do with Article 13). Article 368 was
amended and the word “power” was added
to ensure that Parliament has power to
amend the constitution. This amendment
technically weakens Article 13.
 25th Amendment, 1971: Article 31C was
added to give primacy to DPSP over
Fundamental Rights. This amendment was
done because in the Golaknath Case, the
Court held that fundamental rights are
supreme.
 Article 31C: Under this article parliament
got the right to acquire properties and
implement DPSP over fundamental rights.
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 Art 368 (3): Article 368 was made immune
to Article 13. This meant that the Parliament
has now got immunity to amend
Fundamental Rights. [Immunity means
protection/safety].
3. Answer: (a)
Option (a) is correct:
 In Kesavananda Bharati, the judges
referred to the German Constitution of
1941, which was also amended after the
decline of Hitler’s era.
 Keeping in mind Hitler’s era, Germany
added the “Doctrine of Implied
Limitation”, which means that the
Parliament can amend the constitution, but
the amendment power should not be
absolute. There should be certain
restrictions over the amendment power of
the Parliament, i.e. implied limitation.
4. Answer: (b)
Option (b) is correct:
 In the Keshavananda Bharati case, the
Supreme Court held that the power of
Parliament to amend the Constitution
is not unlimited.
 The court established that while Parliament
has the authority to amend the Constitution,
such amendments must not violate or
destroy the basic structure or essential
features of the Constitution, which are
subject to judicial review.
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5. Answer: (c)  The case addressed the constitutional validity of

Option (c) is correct:
 The Keshavananda Bharati case
primarily dealt with the issue of
federalism and distribution of powers
between the Union and the States.
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the 24th, 25th, 26th, and 29th Constitutional
Amendments, which sought to curtail the powers
of the State legislatures and enhance the
authority of the Parliament.

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