FACULTATIVE:

KINDS OF OBLIGATION: - one prestation, there is a substitude

EX:
1. PURE OBLIGATION I am bound to give you a laptop, then
- without any condition substitue is phone
EX: (but incase I can’t give you a laptop I can give you a
nak tagaan tikag kwarta phone)- mao ni ila nasabutan

2. CONDITIONAL OBLIGATION: 5. DIVISIBLE VS. INDIVISIBLE:

- has condition - referred to the object/ prestation
EX:
nak tagaan tikag kwarta ig maka graduate kas DIVISIBLE: the object can be divided
college EX:
A & B are bound to pay 20k ( money can be
2 TYPES: divided)
 SUSPENSIVE:
- happening of condition, give; rise of the
obligation
EX: INDIVISIBLE: cannot be divided
tagaan tikag kwarta pag manlimpyo kas balay EX:
A & B are bound to deliver car to C - monetary
 RESOLUTORY: obligation
- happening of condition; extingueshes the ( Car= cannot be divided )
obligation
EX: 6. JOINT OR SOLIDARY:
nak tagaan tikag baon pero ig graduate nimos - several parties/debtors
college dili na JOINT: kanya x
EX:
* CONDITION: future and uncertain events A & B borrowed 10k from C ( a mobayad kang C ug
5k)
3. OBLIGATION WITH A PERIOD (FUTURE &
CERTAIN): SOLIDARY: all for one, one for all
EX:
* Tagaan ug 1k igka birthday ( PERIOD) JOINT – PROPORTIONATE SHARE (SILENT)
* Tagaan ug 1k ig naay moagi nga truck SOLIDARY – ALL (EXPRESS STIPULATION)
( CONDITION)
JD 900,000 SC
* Tagaan ug 1k ig mamatay ang silingan ( CERTAIN
AND PERIOD) A D
* tagaan ug 1k ig mamatay ang silingan cause kay B E
malaria ( CONDITION) C F

4. ALTERNATIVE VS. FACULTATIVE:

ALTERNATIVE: SD, SC
- several prestation or object
- debtor has obligation to choose kung unsay e HOW MUCH D CAN COLLECT FROM A? – 900,000
deliver D – 900,000
EX: A – 900,000
I am oblige to deliver a calculator or a laptop
or a phone
( you don’t have to deliver all it can be one ) JD, SC
HOW MUCH D CAN COLLECT FROM A? – 300,000

D – 900,000
A – 300,000

SD, JC

HOW MUCH D CAN COLLECT FROM A? – 300,000

D – 300,000
A – 300,000

JD, JC

HOW MUCH D CAN COLLECT FROM A? – 100,000

D – 300,000. (A, B AND C)

E – 300,000 (A,B, C)
F- 300,00 (A B C)

OBLIGATION WITH PENAL CLAUSE – IN

LIEU(substitute) OF DAMAGES

PENALTY

GENERAL RULE: FRAUD, NEGLIGENCE, DELAY,

(BREACH) – DAMAGES

A IS OBLIGED TO CONSTRUCT A HOUSE OF B. IN

CASE THAT A FAILS TO PERFORM HIS OBLIGATION,
HE WILL BE LIABLE TO PAY FOR PENALTY OF
P200,000.

EXCEPTIONS: (PENALTY + DAMAGES)

1.STIPULATION
2.FRAUD
3.FAILURE TO PAY THE PENALTY