Polymorphism in Cnidaria

Discover the fascinating world of cnidarians and their remarkable ability to exhibit polymorphism, adapting
their form and function to different environments.

by bhavak bajaj
What is Polymorphism?
Occurrence in the same species of more than one type of individuals, which differ in form and function, is
known as polymorphism. This ensures an efficient division of labour between the several individuals.
Types of Polymorphism in Cnidaria
Polyp Form Medusa Form

The polyp form of cnidarians is characterized by The medusa form is the free-swimming stage of
a cylindrical body with a mouth surrounded by cnidarians. It has a bell-shaped body with
tentacles. It is sessile and attaches itself to a tentacles hanging downwards. Movement is
substrate. achieved through rhythmic contractions.
Functions of Polymorphism in Cnidaria
1 Reproduction 2 Feeding and Capturing Prey

Polymorphism enables cnidarians to The different forms of cnidarians allow for

reproduce both sexually and asexually, efficient feeding adaptations. Polyps use
increasing their chances of passing on their extended tentacles to capture food,
genetic information and ensuring their while medusas use their tentacles to stun and
species' survival. capture prey.
Advantages of Polymorphism
in Cnidaria
1 Increased Survival and Adaptation

Polymorphism provides flexibility and adaptability to changing

environmental conditions, allowing cnidarians to better survive and
thrive in various habitats.

2 Efficient Use of Resources

By having different forms specialized for different functions,

cnidarians optimize resource allocation and energy expenditure,
maximizing their survival chances.
Examples of Cnidarians with
Polymorphism
Portuguese Man o' War
This cnidarian displays
polymorphism with its floating
colony of specialized individuals
performing distinct functions,
such as feeding and reproduction.
Colonial Corals
Colonial corals demonstrate
polymorphism with their
combination of polyp and
medusa forms within the colony.
This allows for efficient feeding
and reproduction.
Box Jellyfish
The box jellyfish exhibits
polymorphism through its
alternating life stages,
transitioning between polyp and
medusa forms, enabling efficient
reproduction and prey capturing.
Conclusion
Polymorphism in cnidarians is an incredible evolutionary adaptation that
allows these organisms to thrive in diverse environments, ensuring their
survival and contributing to the biodiversity of our planet.