Exploring the Wonders of

Kingdoms Fungi, Protista,

and Monera
Welcome to our journey through the diverse and fascinating world of Kingdoms
Fungi, Protista, and Monera. Join us as we explore their characteristics,
classification, and more.

by Oscar Gutierrez
 Fungi Kingdom

This name is used to designate the

kingdom of fungi, which includes yeasts,
molds and all species of mushrooms.
These multicellular, aerobic, eukaryotic,
heterotrophic organisms contain chitin in
their cell walls, parasitize other living
organisms for food and reproduce by
spores.
Fungi Kingdom

Metabolism Classification Characteristics & Structure

Heterotrophic - obtains energy and nutrients Organized into multiple phyla, such as Distinctive cell wall made of chitin,
through absorption Ascomycota and Basidiomycota multicellular with branching structures
called hyphae and mycelium
Fungi Kingdom
The Beauty of Mushrooms
The fungi kingdom is known for its diversity of
mushrooms. These incredible organisms come
in countless varieties, each with unique shapes
and colors that make them a favorite among
nature-lovers and photographers.
The Power of Yeasts
Fungi also includes single-celled organisms like
yeasts. These tiny creatures are used in many
industries, including baking and brewing. Yeast
is the key ingredient that makes bread, beer,
and wine so delicious.
The Resilience of Lichens
Lichens are another fascinating group of fungi
that form symbiotic relationships with algae
and cyanobacteria. They can often be found
growing on rocks, trees, and other surfaces,
surviving in some of the harshest environments
on the planet.
Protista Kingdom

This group is the most primitive of the

eukaryotes and from it all the others are
derived. The Protista kingdom is
paraphyletic - it contains the common
ancestor but not all its descendants - and
includes those eukaryotic organisms that
are considered neither animals, plants
nor fungi, such as protozoa. Because it is
so heterogeneous, it is difficult to
characterize, since its members have
very few things in common.
Protista Kingdom
Metabolism Classification Characteristics & Structure

Autotrophic or heterotrophic - utilizes Diverse collection of unicellular, Varied structures including flagella,
various methods for energy and colonial, and multicellular organisms, cilia, and pseudopodia for movement,
nutrient acquisition classified into groups such as protozoa some have organelles such as
and algae mitochondria and chloroplasts

Fun Fact!

Dinoflagellates are a type of protist that are responsible for bioluminescence in oceans, creating beautiful displays of glowing waves at
night.
Protista Kingdom
1 2
The Diversity of Algae
Protista is the kingdom of the
eukaryotes, organisms with a nucleus
in their cells. This diverse group
includes algae, which can be found in a
wide range of aquatic environments
and provide the base of the food chain
in many marine ecosystems.
The Oddness of Protozoa
Protozoa are another group of protists,
single-celled organisms that come in a
bewildering variety of shapes and
sizes. Some form intricate skeletons
out of silica or calcium carbonate,
while others can move through their
environment using whiplike flagella or
hairlike cilia.
3
The Mystery of Slime Molds
Slime molds are a group of protists that
often live in moist, shady environments
like forest floors. They're known for
their bizarre life cycles, which can
involve forming huge, interconnected
structures and even solving mazes to
find food sources.
 Monera Kingdom

This is the kingdom of microscopic

living beings and includes prokaryotic
organisms (archaea and bacteria). This
group is present in all habitats and is
formed by unicellular beings without a
defined nucleus. Most bacteria are
aerobic and heterotrophic, while
archaea are usually anaerobic and
have a chemosynthetic metabolism.
Monera Kingdom
Classification

Comprised of two main groups, bacteria and cyanobacteria

1 2 3

Metabolism Characteristics

Autotrophic or heterotrophic - some use photosynthesis while Distinctive cell wall made of peptidoglycan in bacteria,
others absorb nutrients from their environment presence of flagella or pili, ability to form biofilms
Monera Kingdom
1 Bacteria: The Tiniest Universe

Monera is the kingdom of the prokaryotes, organisms without a nucleus in their cells. The most numerous and diverse of these are bacteria, tiny creatures that exist in every
habitat on Earth, from deep sea vents to human intestines.

The Good and the Bad The Benefits of Fermentation

Bacteria often get a bad reputation, but they play crucial roles in many ecological Fermentation, a process in which bacteria break down sugars, is used to produce many of
processes and can be harnessed to do everything from producing medicine to cleaning up our favorite foods and drinks, from yogurt to beer to sourdough bread.
pollution.
The Wonders of the Microscopic World

Microbes Everywhere Diverse and Fascinating A Feast for the Eyes

Microorganisms can be found everywhere, From the extreme environments of hot The beauty and intricacy of microscopic life
from deep-sea hydrothermal vents to the springs to the depths of the ocean, can be breathtaking, with vibrant colors and
furthest reaches of space microorganisms exhibit incredible diversity detailed structures
and adaptability
The Wonders of the Microscopic World

Microbes Everywhere Diverse and Fascinating A Feast for the Eyes

Microorganisms can be found everywhere, From the extreme environments of hot The beauty and intricacy of microscopic life
from deep-sea hydrothermal vents to the springs to the depths of the ocean, can be breathtaking, with vibrant colors and
furthest reaches of space microorganisms exhibit incredible diversity detailed structures
and adaptability
Video on Kingdom Animalia
To complete our exploration of the five kingdoms of life,I invite you to watch
our video on Kingdom Animalia, where you will discover the incredible diversity
of animal life on Earth.
Quiz of the Presentation
1 Are fungi unicellular or 2 What are the three
multicellular major classes of fungi?
organisms?

3 What is a protist? 4 What are the main

differences between
Monera and protista ?