J O H N SMI T H

T H E S E B AP T I S T -

T HO M AS H E LW Y S
AN D T HE

F I R S T B A P TI S T C H U R C H IN

EN G L AN D

WI T H F RE S H LI G HT U P O N T HE

P I L G R I M F A TH E R S CHU R CH
’

WALT E R H . B U R GE S S , B A . .

S S S S S

LON D ON
J AM E S C L AR KE CO .
,
13 I 4 FL E E T S T RE E T
191 1
 P RE FA C E
TH E a pp r o ac h o fhund d th anniv sa y f t he t h re e re er r o

th e p lan ing f t h fit s B a p is o Chu ch in E ngland

e r t t t r

w uld s m t mak this a fi tt ing t im f s i g t

o ee o e e or ett n ou

i his
ts y and to rc un ing s m hing ref t h li f
o and w t k o et o e e or

o f i found s T h sca ci y f th b k s issu d by

ts er . e r t o e oo e

t h s wh w ins t um al in gath ing this chu ch

o e o e re r en t er r

mak s th as k by m ans an asy

e e t I s m cas s
no e e on e . n o e e

t h k n wn c p i s
e o nl y t b c un d by n s and
o e a re o o e o te o e

tw s o F
. his as n I hav mad la g qu ati ns
or t re o e e r e ot o

f m h iginal w k s in th f ll wing p ag s w hich

ro t e or or e o o e ,

giv s t s v al f th chapt s th a pp a anc f m

e o e er o e er e e r e o e re

c m p ila i ns I f h w k s f S m i h and H l wy had

o t o . t e or o t e s

b n m acc ssibl
ee ore h g n al e ad a c n inu us e to t e e er re er o t o

n a a iv bas d th i s ta m n ts w uld hav b n

rr t e e on e r te e o e ee

giv n b in vi w f h i a i ty it s m d b
e ,
ut e o tl t e r r r ee e e t t er to e

h au h s s p a k f
t e t h ms lv s vi al p in ts I a
or e or t e e e on t o . n

m asu I hav d n f h s p i n s f ligi us

e re e o e or t e e o ee r o re o

f d m wha B njamin H anbu y did f h a l y

r ee o t e r or t e e r

I nd p nd n s
e e T hus h
e ad can f m his w
t . t e re er or o n

o p ini n fo h i w k s Th a bi a y s p lli g f h
o t e r or . e r tr r e n o t e

p i
er o d has b n m d nis d in t h
ee l ng x t ac t
o s b t er e e o er e r ,
u

in h sh t e n s th iginal f m has f qu n tly b n

o rt er o e e or or re e ee

r et ain d I h c u s f his s y s m f sh ligh t is

e . n t e o r e o t to r o e re

th wn u p n h a ly his y f th chu ch f h
ro o t e e r tor o e r o t e

Pilg im Fa h s I h p t giv a s pa a acc un f

r t er . o e o e e r te o t o

2 524 75
 P r efa c e
J hn R bins n th pas t f t hat chu ch A f
o o o ,
e or o r . re e use

has b n mad f dat s M s t p pl abh th m b

ee e o e . o eo e or e ,
ut

t h y sav
e
p ac b y nabling
e S t h ad te fi t t h p sen e re er o e er o

or i cid n t dat d in t th igh t plac in th tim sch m

n e e o e r e e e- e e

and thus t su pp ly f hims lf th p p bac k g und

o or e e ro er ro

and his t ical s tting or e .

W ll nigh half a c n tu y has pass d sinc B njamin

e e r e e e

E ans mad k n wn t E nglish s d n t s t h d cum n t s

v e o o tu e e o e

in th a chiv s f h M nn ni t Chu ch b a ing

e r e o t e e o e r e r o n ou r

subj c t N x cus is n d d f d awing th a t n ti n

e . o e e ee e or r e t e o

o f a f sh g a ti n t th i im p tanc
re e ner o o e r or e .

I c nclusi n I d si
n o t ac k n wl dg th k indn ss f
o e re o o e e e e o

t h lib a ians f t h B dl ian B i t ish Mus um Cam

e r r o e o e r e ,

b idg Univ si ty D Williams s Si n C ll g and Y k

r e er ,
r
.
,
o o e e, or

Mins lib a i s in giving m facili ti s f s a ch I

te r r r e e e or re e r .

als han k P i ci pal S W B ws f h l an f b k s

o t r n . . o er or t e o o oo

f m t h lib a y f th B a ptis t C ll g t N tingham

ro e r r o e o e e a ot ,

and th s A nglican cl gy wh hav g iv n m acc s t

o e er o e e e e s o

p a chial
ro gis t s and las t l
re y D Fl isch erand t h,
R r . e er e ev .

Ca l J Sre f . ady h l p in c nn c i n wi th th
t ro e r or re e o e t o e

M nn ni t a chiv s t A mst dam

e o e r e a er .

W H B ALT E R . U R GE S S .

LO U RU G HB O O G H.

vi
 C ON T EN T S
P R
C HA T E P AG E

I I n tr o d u c t on i —T he S e ttl e me n t of Rel g ii on u n d er

l i vm
.

E i z ab e th T he P ur tan Mo e en t The
B ro w ni st Mo vm
e en t

/ 11 J i
ohn S m th s c ar e e r a t C a mb r d
’
—
g e S m th an d i i
i i
.

F r an s
c oh n son — J
T h e L on d on S e p ar a t st
C h ur c h

III . i
S m th , p r eac h e r t o the C ty i of L i l
n co n — Hi s
x ii
E p os t on of th e 2 2 n d P s a l —
m Hi s L e ctur e s on

the Lor d s P r ayer

’

IV . The Q S
u es t on
e p ar i
a t on fr om the C h u r c h o f
of i
n l
E g a d S
n — m t h an d H d er s hia m— S m th an d il i
i
R c h a r d B ern ar d

A n ew
“C hu r c h of G od s et up —D a te of th e
S e p ar at on T he iC h u rc h C o en a n t T he v
G ai n s b or o u gh an d S cr oob y C hu r c h e s—M g r a i
i
t on to Ams te r d a m

VI . J o hn S m th i in Am ster d a m Pr i il
nc p es an d

I n fer e n ce s c on c e r n n g i th e V i ibl s e C hur ch

VI I . T hom a s H el wy s , P ar en ta g e an d il i
F a m y H s tory
N ot i ce of th e E x od u s to H oll an d b y E n o c h
C l ap h a m a n d J os e p h Ha ll
vm . i
D ffer en c e s b e t w een S m th i an d J ohn son —S m th s i ’

Vi w e of i
the S cr p tu r e s

IX . Wh er e i s th e S eat of C hu r c h Au thor ty —T he i
Vi w e s of S mi th , Jo h n son , an d R ob n s on i
c o mp a r e d
 C o n t en t s
P R
C HA T E P AG E

X . i
S m th b ecomes a B ap t s t— C on tro e r sy on I n fan t i v
B ap t s m i wi i
th R c har d C l fton — S m th s B apti s m i i ’

of i l
H m s e f— Mo de of B ap t z n g—Was i t b y ii
I mm i e r s on P

XI . Letter of Hu gh an d An n e B r ome h e a d— O r d er of
vi
S er i ce i n S m th s C hu rc h an d in the C hu rc h
’

lm h l d
,

at P y
E ou t , N ew n g an

XI I . J h S mi h
o n d M i t an the e n n on tes— T he D oc tr ine of
i — Q i
I n c ar n at on T he u e s t on of S u c c e ss i on

ivi i b w H l
D s on et een e wys an d S m it h

X III . N e go ti i f Ad mi i
at on s or s s on t o th e Men n on i te
C hur c h

T he C h u r c h u n d er H e l wy s —A D e c ar at on l i of

i
F a th , 1 6 1 1 , th e F ir s t B ap t st C on fes s on i i of

F a th i
T est m on y t o S m th i Th e S i n i of

I gn or a n c e— T h e D e c l i
ar at on of F a th i l l ar g e y
d ep en d en t on S m th i
XV . H el w ys on G od
’
s D e cr ee , G en er a l Red emp t i on

an d t h e S tate of I n fan ts

XVI . An Ad v i
e r t se m e n t to the N ew Fr yese r s

XV I I T h e L a s t D a ys an d the L as t B ook of J ohn S m th i

w i i
.

i th hi s C on fes s on of F a th

XV I II T he Rem a i n d er s of i
S m th
’
s C om a
p yn —U n i on

wi h i
.

t the Men n on te C hu r ch

XI X T h e Re tu rn of H el wys an d Mu r ton to E n g an d l
— iq i v wi
.

T he Mys te r y of I n u ty C on tr o er s y t h
J ohn R ob i n s on

T he An ab ap t s ts i an d i
L b e r ty of C on sc i en c e

J ohn Mu t ton — Hi s i
L fe an d Work— C on tr o v ersy

wi th J ohn W il i k n s on , o f C ol c he ster

XX II i
L te r a r y Ac t i vi ty of Mu r ton an d hi s As s oc ate s i
i i
.

— Mu r ton n son — Rob n son s P ar e n tag e

’
an d R ob

viii
 C o n t en t s
P R
C H A TE P
AG E

XX III .
J es sop
’
s i v
D sco er y of the E r r or s of l
the E n g i s h
An ab a p t st s i
XX I V . C orr e sp on d en c e wi h
t D u tc h Men n on i tes

XXV . il i
T h e P gr m F a th er s — P l ymou th l— i P an ta t on — T he
i x
P u r tan E od u s l d
to N e w E n g a n I n fl ue n c e of

the S mi
I deas of th an d Ro bi n s on on th e
i Cl i —
P ur tan o on sts Wil i m —
R og e r l a i
s Th e F r st

B ap ti s t C h u r c h i n A m i —
er c a i f
Re a c t on o N ew
E n gl an d C hu r c h P o ty li u
p on li
Eng i sh P ur tan s
—C on c l u si on

1X
J OH N S M ITH THO M A S HE LWY S , ,

A N D T H E P L A N TI N G O F T H E
F I R S T B A P TI S T C H U R C H I N
EN GLAN D

C HA P T E R I

I N T R O D U CT I O N R E LI G I O U S S E T T L E ME N T UN D ER

E LI Z AB E T H TH E P U R I TA N AN D B R O WN I S T

V M
MO E E N TS

TH is and g w th f th ligi us s ci ti s ganiz d

E r e ro o e re o o e e or e

s p a a t ly f m h Chu ch f E ngland in th days f

e r e ro t e r o e o

E lizab th and Jam s was a ma tt

e f m t han p assing
e er o ore

im p t nc Th m v m n t had las ting sul ts Th

or a e . e o e e re . e

id as which f und x p ssi n in t h s w Chu ch s

e o e re o e e ne r e

p f undl
ro o y influ nc d t h subs qu n t ligi
e us lif ef e e e re o e o

v y many E nglish s p ak ing p p l b th in B i tain and

er -
e eo e o r

A m ica er T h b ld x p im n t s mad by th S p a a
. e o e er e e e e r

t i t in th w y f d ing and g v ning a Chu ch ‘

s s e a o or er o er r

f Ch is t hav h l p d t m uld th p li ty f th
’
o r e e e o o e o o e

C ng gat i nal and B aptis t b anch s f th Chu ch

o re o r e o e r

Univ sal and hav t b n wi h u t ff c t v n u p n

er , e no ee t o e e e e o

t h s w h fav u
o e d th P sbyt ian d Th s t y
o o re e re er or er . e or

o f R b t B wn has f qu n t l y b n t ld
o er ro Th p lac
e re e ee o . e e

which J hn G nw d H n y B w and J hn
o r ee oo ,
e r a rro e o

I I
 ~ Sfm t h i “
Hél w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
P e n ry t oo k in h a ly S pa a tis m v m n has b n t e e r e r t o e e t ee

j us l y s ima d and is ma
t e t f c mm n k n wl dg
te t te r o o o o e e.

Th p s e
p ic c un
ro e e t ing h his y f J rehn R bins
o t e t or o o o on

and th Chu ch f h Pilg im Fa h s as giv n in h

e r o t e r t er ,
e t e

w i ings f William B adf d is

r t o f t h m s t familia r or ,
on e o e o r

s i s in h wh l ang f ligi us his y B

tor e t e o e r e o re o tor . u t, s o

far , n o o n es ms t hav a t m p d t ac in a m
ee o e t e te o tr e co

p reh nsiv w e y h f eun s f t ha Chu

a cht f Ch is
e ort e o t r o r t set

u p Gainsb
at ugh f m which h Pilg
o ro im Chu ch ro t e r r at

Sc by s p ng N
ro o has sh wn h w id s p ad
ra . o on e o t e e re

influ nc f h achings f J hn Smi h wh was i

e e o t e te o o t , o ts
f und H i w k was f cap i al im p anc I has
o er. s or o t ort e . t
n v b n ad qua t ly c gniz d William B adf d
e er ee e e re o e . r or ,

i is
t u p u ts his nam fi s in his inimi abl na a iv
tr e, e r t t e rr t e,

b ut h was m c nc n d wi h h c m pany tha

e ore o er e t t e o t
d w und B ws t and R bins n and s n l s t
re ro re er o o , oo o

to uch wi h Smi h Th min n t an iqua y J s ph

t t . e e e t r o e

H un had a glim ps f h u d f d v l p m n
te r e o t e tr e or er o e e o e t,

b ut Smi h was d wn igh t and abs lu t t a ac

t too o r o e o ttr t
“
him and h quain ly says I wish w had a p s n
e t e er o to
, ,

d al wi h t his b ginning f h n nc f mis ll f

e t a t e o t e o o n or t ro o

minis s wh m h mind c uld dw ll in a m calm

te r on o t e o e o re

and disc imina ing app bati n Th full s t atm n

r t ro o .
” 1
e e t re e t
o f his lif is ha giv n b y D
e H n y M D x
t t in his e r. e r . e t e r,
“T u S f J hn Sm
tor h h S ba is B s n t t t t,
”
o to
r
y e y o p o ,
e e- ,

1 88 b t in ha t li l
1, u a is at n i n is mainly
t tt e tre t e te t o

cn de t re h lativ ly unim p an
on t e f Smi h s
re e or t t ac t o t
’

s lf bap ism I h f ll wing pag s an ff is mad

e -
t . n t e o o e e o rt e

to d aw g h in a c nn c d na a iv such inf ma
r to et er to o e te rr t e or

t i n ab u J hn Smi h and his im m dia f ll w s as

o o t o t e te o o er

can w b gl an d Th man is v al d in his b k s

no e e e . e re e e oo .

H u n ter , Fou n der s of N ew P ly mou ziz , 1 8 54 , p 32. .

12
 Sc o p e o f the I n qui ry
W mus t s tudy him in his w ks W s hall thus k p
e or . e ee

cl s t th p s nal l m n t in t h s y and t th
o e o e er o e e e e to r ,
a e

sam tim by x amining th b k s issu d by hims lf

e e e e oo e e

and his pp n n ts w shall m cl a ly th guiding

O o e e s ee or e e r e

p inci
r
p l s f t h e S p a a t
o is t m v m n t
e Smi t h
e was r o e e .

an ngaging and f c ful p s nali ty H influ nc d

e or e er o . e e e

R icha d Clif n w h is fancifull y su pp s d t

r to ,
hav
o o e o e

b n th igina t f th Chu ch f th Pilg im Fath s

ee e or or o e r o e r er .
l

H influ nc d minis t s li k J hn R bins n and H u gh

e e e er e o o o

B m h d and such lay m n as T h mas H l wy and

ro e ea ,
e o e s

J hn Mu t n B t h C ng gat i nalis ts and B ap tis ts

o r o . o o re o ,

th f hav an i t st in hi f ui tful lab u s and

e r e or e , e n e re s r o r

f mativ id as f h w hav l ad s and f und s

or e e ,
or er e e e e er o er

h n u d in b th c mmuni ns
o o re o o o .

B f n t ing u p n th d tails f Smi h s lif and

e or e e er o e e o t
’
e

w k it will b h l p ful t t ak a ap id su v y f
or e e o e r r e o

re ligi us affai s und E lizab th Th m v m n t l d

o r er e . e o e e e

by Smi th will t h n b s n in b tt p s e
p c t iv and e ee e er er e e

agains t it p p bac k g und W mus t dis tinguish

s ro er ro . e

and dis ngag th s t ands in th ligi us lif f th

e e r ee r e re o e o e

t im wi t h ach f which Smi t h cam in t t uch

e e o Th e o o . e re

was th main b dy f A nglican chu chm n p p a d t

e o o r e re re o

acc pt y m d at s ttl m n t f ligi us affai s ;

e an o er e e e e o re o r

th was th s t ng Pu i an p a ty p f undly sus p ici us

ere e ro r t r ro o o

o f R man Ca th licism and

o a n st ly d si us f a
o e r e e ro o

fu th f mati n f th E nglish Chu ch ; and las tly

r e r re or o o e r

th was th bscu B wnis t B a wis t m v m n t

er e e o re ro or r ro o e e

in which wi th u t t a ying f th p inc t m v th

,
o rr or e r e o o e, e

m mb s t k u p n th ms lv s th high tas k f s tting

e er oo o e e e e o e

u
p t h Chu
e ch f Ch is t an r w acc dingo t t h d r e or o e or er

which th y f und laid d wn in th N w T s tam n t

e o o e e e e .

S ee P rofessor E Arbe r s P zégw m F at/

’
1
' ’

wr y,
. 1 8 97,
p 51. .

I 3
 S mi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

Wh n E lizab th cam t th th n affai s in Chu ch

e e e o e ro e r r

and S tat w in a m s t c nfus d and uns ttl d

e er e o o e e e co n

di i n Wi th th p s p i ty and d f t h latt
t o . e ro er or er o e er

pa t f h
r o ign n a t vi w w
e r re p t t l s e re r o our e e ar e a o o e

sigh t f th p ca i us si tuati n h h d t fac t h

o e re r o o s e a o e a er

acc ssi n Th vi l n t chang s in ligi n ff c t d

e o . e o e e re o e e e In

t h p c ding thi ty y a s — H n y s b a k wi t h R m
’
e re e r e r e r re o e,

th p e mulga ti n f P t s tan tism by S m s t und

ro o o ro e o er e er

E dwa d th r s t at i n f Cath lic w shi p und

, e re or o o o or er

Ma y had dis t u b d m n s minds Th was a c ying

— r r e e
’
. er e r

n d f s m s ttl m n t in ligi n P p l w
ee or o e e e e re o . eo e e re

s and ang y t th m ddl s m pp ssi n f h

ore r a e e e o e o re o o t e

bish p s du ing th ign which had jus t c m such an

o r e re o e to
ingl i us cl s T h p bl m was h w t s cu a
or o o e . e ro e o o e re

s tt l m n t hat w uld t al g th snap th lin k s f

e e e t o no to e er e o

c nn c ti n wi th th p as t that w uld includ th bul k f

o e o e , o e e o

E nglishm n wi hin i t c p and t h sam im b

e t s S o e, a t e e t e e

ca pabl f gulati n in th in t st s f th C wn and

e o re o e ere o e ro

th S t a t
e E lizab th t g th
e. wi h a p p s ns f e ,
o e er t ro er e e o

h w digni ty and p w had th s ta t sman s gift f ’

er o n o er , e e o

gauging th g n al s n tim n t f h p pl S h
e e er e e o er eo e . e

ins tinct iv ly f l t that an p isc pal f m f Chu ch

e e e o or o r

g v nm n t th l d lin s was m in k p ing wi h

o er e on e o e or e ee t
t h g nius f E nglishm n than th p lan f t h
e e o f md e e o e re o r e

c n tin n tal Chu ch s B sid s it was m t h w

o e r e . e e , ore o er o n

t as t S h was always l ss P t s tan t than h

e . e Pa lia e ro e er r

m nt s and l ss a R f m than th l ading m mb s f

e e e or er e e e er o

h er C uncil S h sh an k f m th nasc n t d m c a tic

o . e r ro e e e o r

id as im p lici t in th w P t s tan tism and clung t th

e e ne ro e ,
o e

o ld d as m in k p ing wi h th a is t c at ic and
or er ore ee t e r o r

f udal sys t ms f l cal ad m inis t ati n which th c un t y

e e o o r o e o r

had t y t u tg wn I d p and a n s t ligi us

no e o ro . n ee e r e re o

I 4
 R eligi o n und e r E li z ab et h
c nvic ti ns h was sin g ula l y lac k ing T m ti nal
o o s e r . o e o o

ip y h was a s ang I was t in h nat u

et s e tr er . t no er re

t o und s tand th in si y f c nsci n t i us ligi us

er e te n t o o e o re o

f ling which gl w d in th h a t s f s m f
ee o e e e r o o e o

h er s bj c s I ba ffl d h and c ns qu n l y h
u e t . t e e r, o e e t s e

was ann y d by it manif s tati n W hav h

o e s e o . e e er e

t h k y t
e he lac k f sym p a hy wi t h th Pu i tan
o er o t e r

mvmn o e e t .

B t s t ill h ugh E lizab th c nf m d t

u , t o h Ca t h lic e o or e o t e o

w shi p und Ma y h cam d wn wa ily y dis

or er r , s e e o ,
r et

t i tly
nc t h R f m d sid
,
on f th f nc
e t h acc s
e or e e o e e e a er e

si n T his was cl a l y c gniz d I b cam vid n t

o . e r re o e . t e e e e

at nc tha E lizab th was in many s p c s an p t

o e t e re e t a

sch la f h fa th S h was s lu t agains t y

o r o er er . e re o e an

e x nal in t f nc wi th h Chu ch I h ann unc

ter e r e re e er r . n t e o e

m n f h acc ssi n t th s v igns f E u p h

e t o er e o o e o ere o ro e t e

P p was d lib at l y ign d S h w uld t ind d

o e e er e or e . e o no , ee ,

ta k the tit l f e
“ Su p m H ad f th Chu ch
e o re e e
”
o e r
— d signa i n ff nsiv t Ca h lics and P t s tan ts
a e t o o e e o t o ro e

—
ali k b acc pt d that f Su p m G v n
e ut
“ e e o re e o er or .
”

and ga d d i as s m hing m than a c u t sy

re r e t o et or e o r e

t i tl S h c uld a t h bish ps li k a d ill

e. e o r e er o e r

s g an Al n am ngs t E nglish s v igns b f

er e t . o e o o e re e o re

or sinc h da d t sus p nd an A chbish p f

e s e re o e r o o

Can bu y te r r .

B y th y al p eclama t i nro nj ining t h ading f ro o e o e re o

th l ss ns c d li tany and L d s P ay in E nglish ’

e e o ,
r ee , or r er

in h chu ch s th s f th l d ligi n c uld

t e r e ,
o e o e o re o o see

which w y th wind was bl wing B t E lizab h did

a e o . u et

n ot wish u ag th f lings f m d a Ca h lics

to o tr e e ee o o er te t o .

P aching and x p unding th g sp l w

re s ain d and
e o e o e e re r e tr e ,

th eic n clasm f z al wh t k ma tt s in h i
o o o e o ts o oo er to t e r

15
 S mi th Helw ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

w hands was ss d I nd d i was h Qu1

n s ’
o n
p re ret e t . ee ,
e ee

p lic
o
y t ma k oc nf mi t y ea y f
o h or Ca h lic subj c t
e s s or er t o e .

T his is bvi us f m a glanc

o o ro t th al t at i ns w e a e er o no

mad in th P ay B k A c ucial x am p l is a ff d d
e e r er oo . r e e or e

by t h s n t n s f adminis t a i n in t h C mmuni n
e e e ce o r t o e
‘

o o

O ffic e.

T h g a t t s t qu s t i n in th days f Ma y had b
e re e e o e o r een

that f th R al P s nc f Ch ist in th sac am n t

o e e re e e o r e r e .

Th x aminati n f th s a s t d f ligi n always

e e o o o e rr e e or re o

c n t d und this p in t Min diff nc s f b li f

e re ro o . or e re e o e e

w ve shad w d by t his g and a ticl I t c m s p

e re o r o e r r e . o e u

wi th w a is m i t a i n in F x s B k f Ma ty s and
e r o e er t o o e
’
oo o r r ,

o bscu s th fac t that th was a ich and h al thy

re e e re r e

va i ty f pini n am ngs t th ma ty s H w th n
r e o o o o e r r . o e

was this g and qu s t i d al t wi th by E lizab th and

r e on e e

h er advis s in th ligi us s ttl m n t ? Th Fi s t

er e re o e e e e r

P ay B k f E dwa d V I 54 9 had his f mula

r er oo o r .
,
1 ,
t or

Th b dy f e o L d J o Ch i
ou r whi h w
or e f
e su s r s te c e as g e u en or

th ee p h b
r es er u ed d
t y l o ye a nl i l f
sou e u n to e u er ast n g y e,

whil th S c nd P ay B k f E dwa d V I ( 55 )
e e e o r er oo o r . 1 2

had in plac f it th sim pl c mm m at iv e o e e o e or e se n

t nce e

T k a d e hi i
an m mb
e a ts t s, h nCh i re d d f e r au n c e t at r st ye or

th ee , d fan d h i mee i e onh b f hn w i

thyh h k eart e y ayt e t t an es

g eni n g.
”

At t h ins t ance f E lizab t h e t ho t w s n t nc s w e e o e e e e re

ac
t k d te g t h o in t h
e vis
er d S c nd Pe a y re B k f e e o r er oo o

E dwa d which
r ,
was w s t d A d
no t hus t t h
re ore . n a e

S ee t e O
h r d er s o f tv
h e P r i y M C o un ci l ,55 ar ch 2 9 , 1 9 , a n d A p ri l 18 ,

155 9, i n re l at i o n to c a H
s e s a t ai l sh am S u ssex ; B§ow C hu rch, Lon don , an d

v
the pari sh chur ch, D o er .
,
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap tis t Or igi n s
,

in E nglish and h p d f fu th f mati n Th o e or r er re o r o . e

p ca
re i us p si t i n
r o f E ngland in t h affaios f E u p o o e r o ro e

mad m f l tha t th y mus t h ld t g h t h m

e en ee e o o et er a o e .

A d aft
n all by c n t as t wi th th p c ding ign it
er ,
o r e re e re ,

s m d t b a tim f lib ty and p ac in matt s f

ee e o e e o er e e er o

religi n o .

M V M
TH E P UR I TA N O E ENT

I is bvi us t ha a
t o ligi us s tl m n t dic tat d and
o t re o et e e ,
e

c n ll d in h main by s ta p licy w uld t sa isfy

o tro e t e te o ,
o no t
t h me a n s minds M f c nsci nc wh h
ore e r e t . en o o e e, et er

Ca h lics R f m s w ill as und i ms

t o or e or er , ere at e e er ts t e r .

I n h t y se f h
e g n
e al p ublic
o h tR man
e Ca t h lic
e er t e o o

o pp si oi n t h o ligi us s
to t e
t l m n t had a redis t inc l y o e t e e t

p li
o icalt c m p l x i n o T his was c nfi
e m d f
o t h .g a t o r e or e re

b dy f E nglishm n wh n Pius I V f bad bs vanc

o o e e . or e o er e

o f h p visi ns f h A t f Unif mi y and s ill m

t e ro o o t e c o or t ,
t or e

wh n Pius V p mulgat d a bull ( F b ua y 57 ) d p

e . ro e e r r ,
1 0 e os

ing E lizab th and abs lving h subj c s f m h i

e o er e t ro t e r

all gia c F this as n h Ca h lics w usually

e n e . or re o t e t o e re

p c
ro e e d d agains t e as p li t ical ff nd s t h ugh o o e er ,
o ,
no

d ub c nsci n i us ligi us c nvic i n was in m s t

o t, o e t o re o o t o o

cas s h m iv f th i pp si i n h law Th
e t e ot e or e r o o t o to t e . e

Pu i an h n nc nf mist was l f b d al t wi h
r t or t e o o or e t to e e t
by h ts p i i ual c u s and h c mmissi n s f
e r t o rt t e o o er or

e ccl sias ical caus s and i is his cas wi th which w

e t e , t e e

ar e m c nc n d or e o er e .

Al ad y du ing h
re im f Ma y lin s f l avag
r t e t e o r e o C e e

had b gun manif s t th ms lv s am ngs h ligi us

e to e e e e o t t e re o

re fug s F an k f ee at Th m r apid p duc ti n and

or t . e ore r ro o

ci cula i n f th B ibl and i g n al

r t o o e in public e ts e er u se

18
 P u r i tan M o v em en t
T he
w shi p p v d s timulat ing t th ugh t Th l av n
or ro e o o . e e e

o f w id as was s t adil y w k i g am ngs t t h middl

ne e e or n o e e

clas s s p cially in th t wns and t th Univ si i s

se ,
e e e o a e er t e .

Th influ nc e f th e f m d Chu ch s f th c n tin n t

e o e r e or e r e o e o e ,

wh bish ps w t a dis un t and th d c t in f

ere o er e a co e o r e o

t h p a i ty f minis t s was u p h ld mad

e r o i ts lf s t ngl y
er e ,
e e ro

f l t in E ngland th ugh th s wh w tu n d f m
e ro o e o no re r e ro

e x il A habi t f l king t t h N w T s tam n t as a

e . o oo o e e e e

guid in matt s f Chu ch d as w ll as matt s f

e er o r or er e er o

fai th was b ing f m d Th ligi us fug s f m

, e or e . e re o re ee ro

E ngland b cam c nvinc d t ha t t h sim p l s vic and

e e o e e e er e

o er
“
g v nm n t in th b s t R f m d Chu ch s f Sc t
e e e e or e r e
”
o o

land and th c n tin n t w n a t t h N w T s tam n t

e o e ere e re r o e e e e

m d l than th f ms t p in th Anglican Chu ch

o e e or se u e r .

S g a t was t h
o re b und f m R man Ca th licism tha t
e re o ro o o

anything sav u ing f R m was ab mina ti n in th

o r o o e o o e

e y se f t h o t h ughg ing
e f m s H
o ro nc t h i o r e or er . e e e r

roo e t d av si n t th v s t m n t s
er o T w a t h squa
o e e e . o e r e re

ca p and su p lic s m d li
r k an nd s em n t eef t h e e e or e e o e

wh l pap al sys t m I t was t t h v s tm n t i s lf b t

o e e . no e e e t e ,
u

what it s t d f in th y s f th w ld t hat matt d

oo or e e e o e or e re .

“T h ugh t h su lic in subs t anc b indi ff n t t h

o p e r e y e e e re , e
“
said y t in th p s n t ci cumst anc s it is t I this
e e re e r e no
”
n
, .

matt ci cums tanc s al t d th cas Th bish p s

er r e e re e e . e o

w s ly t ubl d t s cu unif mi ty in t h
e re ore ro e o e re or e u se 0

cl ical v s t m n ts and numb s f cl gy w susp nd d

er e e , er o er e re e e

for fusing t c nf m t th gula ti ns F m

re o o or o e re o . ro

qu s ti ns f appa l and P p ish c m ni s th

e o o re
‘
o ere o e ,
’
e

f m s m v d t c nsid th na tu f th p i
re or er o e on o o er e re o e e sco

p al fh o t h su
c e,
pp s d n def b ing dain d b
o e
y a ee o e or e

bish p and th igh t rd ing and ling f a Chu ch

o , e r o er ru o r .

Camb idg b cam a g a t c n t f Pu i tan f li g

r e e e re e re o r ee n .

19 13 2
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

Und h l ad f Th mas C tw igh ( 53 5

er t e e o o ar r t 1

wh s o nu usly adv ca d c m p l cl a anc f all

t re o o te a o e te e r e o

re lics f P p y and a s t ic t adh si n t N w T s t m n t

o o er r e o o e e a e

rul s f h g v ning f t h Chu ch th n nc n

e or t e o er o e r , e o o

f m i t inc as d and g w m
or s s re b ld Th y had
e re or e o . e no

d sie re s p a a f m h Chu ch I th i judgm n t

to e r te ro t e r . n e r e

th e a i nal Chu ch nly n d d a fu h f m ati n

n t o r o ee e rt er re or o

to ma k it p f c t A gain and y t again wh n Pa lia

e er e . e ,
e r

m n m t ff
e t s w mad s cu l gisla i n cu b
e ,
e ort ere e to e re e t o to r

th p w
e o f h bish p s and s p i i t ual c u t s
er o t e la x th o r o r ,
re e

t mser f subsc i p i n and all w a g a t

o r lib ty t
t o o re er er o

minis t s in th c nd c f w shi p B th s ff ts
er e o u t o or . ut e e e or

w f ui l ss Th Qu n ga d d such a m pts
ere r t e . e ee re r e tt e as

a m ddl s m in t f nc wi th h p ga iv d
e e o e er e re e er r e ro t e, an

sha ply c mmand d th C mm ns l av h f m

r o e e o o to e e t e r e or

o f ligi n l n
re o a o e .

Wi th h f ilu f h i nd av u s s cu f m
t e a re o t e r e e o r to e r e re or
“
by c s i u i nal m h ds th f wa d minis s as ”
on t t t o et o e or r te r ,

th y w
e call d had t s t t a v lun a y f m
er e e ,
o r e or o o t r re o r .

T h y vad d bn x i us c
e e e m i s wh h y c uld
o o o ere on e e re t e o ,

and li d re th e s ng Pu i tan f ling f th i

on e t ro r ee o e r

p a rishi n s of su p
er p t A l ad
ory h cl g y f or . re t e er o

N ham pt nshi had ma pp d t a sch m f uli g

or t o re e ou e e or r n

th i e r p a is h s d
r d in g t
e h i s vic
an s ind p nd
or n t ler
y e r er e e e e

of h can ns f t h C hu ch
t e o T his was nl y an x am p l
o e r . o e e

of wha was g ing t ls wh o I man y qua t s hon e e e r e. n r er t e

minis s wh d si d a fu th
te r o f mati n n t d
e re r er re or o e e re

in v l n a y ass ciat i ns and m t gula ly f

to o u t r o o ,
e re r or

“
p p roh s y i gs e ga h i ngs which s m
or p assag t er n ,
at o e e

o f Sc i pt u r s m qu s i n f divini y was dis

re or o e e t o o t

cuss d i an d l y m th d Th s classical m t
n or
“ er e o e e ee
e .

ings f m d ”
or x c ll n t t aining g und f th
e an e e e r ro or e
 P r imac y of J o hn W hi tgi ft
T he
Pu i tan minis t y T h y h l p d t a t h ugh k n wl dg
r r . e e e o oro o e e

o f Sc i p u a ff d d p p t uni ty f f i ndl y in
r t re , or e O or or r e te r

chang f pini n and gav sc p f h x cis f

e o o o ,
e o e or t e e er e o

s lf s t ain t and th d v l p m n f b sin ss li k habi t s

e -
re r e e e o e t o u e -
e

und h fi m guidanc f h m d at
er t e r chai man e o t e o er or
’
or r .

S m f th bish p s l k d th s ga h “ings wi h a
o e o e o oo e on e e t er t

f i ndly y B t th Qu n l k d all m ings

r e e e. u e ee oo e on eet
”

wi th sus p ici n ; h y m i g h t t adily b t u n d in

o t e oo re e r e to

h t b ds f p li ical agi t a i n
o -
e o Sh h do di ffi cul ty in
t t o . e a no

finding bish p s f h mind t p t th m d wn

o o er o u e o .

TH E J H WHP RI MA C Y OF O N I TGI FT

Th p imac y f J hn Whi t gift w h succ d d G i dal

e r o o ,
o ee e r n

as A chbish p f Can t bu y in 58 3 was a ying

r o o er r 1 ,
tr

p i
er o d f t h s w
or h c uld o et c nf m t t h o qui o no o or o e re re

m n ts f th B k f C mm n P ay and th can n
e o e oo o o o r er e o

law f th Chu ch Whi gift c iv d his ma ching

o e r . t re e e r

ord s f m E lizab th H was t s

er ro
“ e h . e o re to r e t e

disci p lin f h Chu ch and th unif mi ty s tablish d

e o t e r e or e e

by law which in th judgm n t f h Maj s ty had

”
, ,
e e o er e ,

t f squa Whi tgif w n t t w k wi h a will

”
r u n ou o re . t e o or t

to t ma t t s s t aigh t
se er I t h fi s t w k f his p imac y
r . n e r ee o r ,

S pt mb 58 3 h issu d his fam us th a ticl s t

e e e r, 1 ,
e e o r ee r e o

w hich all wh h ld ccl sias ical ffic h d t subsc ib

o e e e t o e a o r e

on
p ain f d p iva
o t i n f efusal r I D c mb o 8
5 3 or re . n e e e r, 1 ,

he p vail
re d t h e Qu n on a pp in t eh w ee to o ,
on er o n

au h i ty a w E ccl sias tical C mmissi n wi th wid

t or ,
ne e o o e

po w s H
er .was s lu
e t in main aining t h
re o li tu gy e t e r

and c m ni s f h Chu ch A h h ld h m
e re o e o t e r . s e e t e e tro

po li t an f t w
s ee n t y y a s
or h was abl e t giv e r e e o e

c n tinui ty t his p licy H k pt th fi ld l ng n gh

o o o . e e e e o e ou

21
 Smi th Hel w ys a n d B ap tis t Origins ,

to all w f th g w th f a pa ty sinc ly a ttach d t th

o o e ro o r er e e o e

B k f C mm n P ay and g adually w d wn s m
oo o o o r e r, r or e o o e

o f h v h m n Pu i t an p p si i n E v n C t w ig ht w s
t e e e e t r O o t o . e ar r a

re duc d t s m s f c nf mi y in th d B
e o o e ort o o or t e en . ut

Whi g ift did t k ill th Pu i an m v m n t Wha t h

t no e r t o e e . e

did was t d iv s m f th Pu i tan f ling und o r e o e o e r ee er

g und and by dashing all h p f y imm dia

ro , O e o an e te
f ma ti n f th Chu ch f m wi thin h p pa d th
re o r o o e r ro , e re re e

w y f
a th or s ing p f m th u ghly f m de et t u o ore oro r e or e

Chu ch s al g th s p a a t f m h E s tablish d
r e to e er e r e ro t e e

Chu ch and ind p nd n t f p isc p al ju isdic ti n

r e e e o e o r o .

Th Pu i t ns m t t h
e
p s cu
r t i nawi h ma k abl e e er e o t re r e

p a t i nc
e I t migh t
e. b w nd d t hat s pa at Chu ch s e o e re e r e r e

w e re t f m d in g a t
no numb and by m f th
or e re er er ore o e

p min n t l ad s f t h i p a ty
ro e Be th w y f t h
er o e r r . ut e a o e

S pa atis t was a ha d ad t t ad Th id a f s t i g
e r r ro o re . e e o e t n

u p a Chu ch ind p nd t f t h p a chial s y s t m was

r e e en o e ro e

e n ti l y n v l I t was t agains t a na i nal Chu ch

re o e . no t o r ,

b ut agains t it abus s tha t th P i an p t s t d s e ,

e ur t ro e e .

I nd d t h S p a t is t s f und h i bi t
ee , e e s t c n t v sial
ar o t e r te re o ro er

O pp no n t s ame ngs t h Pu i t an minis t y oGif f d f t e r r . or o

Mald n w against B wn ; Ca tw ight pl ad d wi h

e r o te ro e r r e e t

his sist i law l av th B wnis ts and w t

er- n - to e e e ro ,
ro e

ag i st Ha is n B adshaw and H ild sham c n nd d

a n rr o r er o te e

wi h J hns n B na d wi h Smi th A m s wi h
t o o ,
er r t ,
e t

R bins n
o T h Pu i an f und in c n t v s y wi h t h
o . e r t o ,
o ro er t e

B wnis t an a y w y f sh wing th w ld wha a

ro ,
e s a o o e or t

l yal
o f h Chu ch h
s on o ally was ! Th P ci sians
t e r e re e re
‘

or Pu i ans f m d a s t ng p ty wi thin h Chu ch

r t or e ro ar t e r .

Th y e t t ac d t t h i
a sid many a n s m T h
r te o e r e e r e t en . e

m v m n ass cia d wi h h i nam th ugh p ima il y

o e e t o te t t e r e, o r r

re ligi us had a p li ical as p c t and h s wh d si d

o ,
o t e , t o e o e re

22
T he Br ow nis t o r B arr o wis t M o v em en t
t
o s t ng th n h h ands f Pa liam n as ch c k t
re e t e o r e t
’

a e o

d s p ic p w in h C wn na u all y h w th w igh
e ot o er t e ro t r t re e e t

o f h i influ nc
t e r th f ming sid Th y a s w
e e on e re o r e . e e r e re

s p di g and h s wh s ugh a fu th f ma i n
ee n on , t o e o o t r e r r e or t o

in h Chu ch w bu y d p du ing h lat y a s f

t e r ere o e u r t e er e r o

E lizab t h wi t h h h p
e hat h acc ssi n f Jam s t e O e t on t e e o o e

o f Sc tland th
o E nglish t h n h w uld b a
to e ro e t er e o e

chang f p licy in th di c ti n h y d si d I t
e o o e re o t e e re .

w uld b f lly t t t h ms lv s ff f m h E s ablish d

o e o o cu e e e o ro t e t e

Chu ch t all w th ms lv s b th us t t f m
r ,
or o o e e e to e r ou ro

i
t, wh n h was a p ssibili ty ha in a f w sh
e t e re o t t e or t

y ae s bac
r k,
d p b y h su pp t f aek ing f m u t e or o ro

P sbyt ian Sc t land th y migh cap tu that Chu ch

re er o ,
e t re r

f
or t h i p a y and
e r f m it acc ding t th i mind
rt r e or or o e r .

B W THE B W MVM
RO N I S T OR AR RO I ST O E EN T

Th was p bably n v a tim in E nglish his t y

ere ro e er e or

wh n m and w m n in t s t d in ligi n did t

e en o e e re e re o no

f ga th a p a t f m th s vic s f th fficial Chu ch

o re er r ro e er e o e o r

t oc nf by s p ch
o er ading ab u t th mat s tha t
ee or r e o e ter

t uch d t h i l i v s m s t cl s l y
o e T h m di val guilds
e r e o o e . e e a
e

o f t h m chan t s and c aft sm n p a t k

e er f a ligi us r e r oo o re o

C ha act and gav am p l p p t uni ty f f a t nal in

r er e e o or or r er ter
c u s I th days f Wiclif m tings w h ld in
o r e . n e o ee e re e

many dis t ic ts t which th g sp ll s ad and

r a e o e er re

e x p und d h Sc i p t u s T h missi na y m tings f

o e t e r re . e o r ee o

th A ugus t inian f ia s had an l m n t f s p n t an i ty

e r r e e e o o e

ab u t t h m which mad th m unc nv n t i nal E v n in

o e e e o e o . e

t h t ime f E dwa d V I wh n h P t s t an t caus was

e o r .
, e t e ro e e

in t h asc ndan t w find s m wh w

e e t full y sa t is
,
e o e o ere n o

fi d m
e ing p ivat l y f p ay and ading Th
ee t r e or r er re . e

23
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

rec ds f th P ivy C uncil t ll h w c tai m f

or o e r o e o er n en o

K n t c ss d t h T ham s s t ua y t Ch is mas id in
e ro e e e e r a r t t e

15 5 and0,t g h wi h os m et i E
erss x ass tmbl d f o e n e e e or

sc i ptu matt s in B ki g T h y had mad s m

r re er oo n . e e o e

s t f s pa ati n f m th Chu ch f h y admi d

or o e r o ro e r or t e tte

t ha t h y had t e fus d t h C mmuni n ab v ij y s

re e e o o o e e re .

Und Ma y h w s c g a th i gs f d n t
er r t e re e re e re t er n o ar e

f m s t which th s vic b k f K ing E dwa d

re o r er a e er e oo o r

VI w
.
”
us d Th s dissa isfi d w i h h ligi us
as e . o e t e t t e re o

l m n t u d E lizab th had t f
s e tt e e n er l k bac k e no ar to oo

f or x am p l s f s p a at m t ings B t i is d ub f l
e e o e r e ee . u t o t u

Wh th e y er f h an s i gula
o ass mbli
t s e ewas r re r e e

or ganiz d as a s pa at Chu ch v ga d d i s lf
e e r e r or e er r e r e t e

as a Chu ch c m pl t and n i Th i s pa a i n was

r o e e e t re . e r e r t o

an accid n t d t t h n c ssi i s f th ti m s and a

e ue o e e e t e o e e n ot

p lan k in h i p la f t m e r a ma t f p
or inci p l T hor y tte r o r e . e

w wai ing a t u n in h id f affai s and t h

e re t r t e t e o r ,
on e

acc ssi n f E liz b th th m mb s f h s ass mbli s

e o o a e e e er o t e e e e

s d nc m t th i s v al pa ish chu ch s
r e o r te o e ore o e r e er r r e .

B t wh n i t b cam
u e cl a tha th f m f th
e e e r t e re or o e

A nglican Chu ch was t g ing t b ca i d v y f

r no a o o e rr e er ar ,

c m p any f f i nds in L nd n t k h b ld s p f
o o r e o o oo t e o te o

f ming a s pa t s ci ty T his was s p k n f in 56 7

or e ra e o e . o e o I
“
as h P i y Ch h in L nd n A p ap und
t e r v e u rc e o o
”
er er
y .

t h hand f i
e mi is t R icha d Fyt h ws light
o ts n er r e z t ro
u p n i aims and p inci pl s This d cum n d cla s
o ts r e . o e t e re

t ha th t ut Chu ch f
e r e L d and Savi u J sus
r o our or o r e

Ch is t has s t iv s t hav
r or r e o e

f F f m
r s t an d l i
or e w
os t, d d v
th e g o r o u sa l h d or an E n ge
p r ea c e

n ot bin bj
on d a g e i f
an d s u l
e c t on b u t r ee y an d p ur e l y
v
.

S econ d ly , t o h a m me l
th e S a c r a d e n ts i n i s ter e d p u r e y o n l y, an
a l to g e th e r a c c o r d i n i g to t h e d w n s t i t u ti o n
d a n d g oo or d o f t h e L or

Je su s , w i di i i
th ou t a n y tr a t o n v i f m or n e n t on o an .

34
 S m i th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

which all p i n s n d Th fac t that h ul timat l y

o ee r ee . e e e

c nf m d and h ld a b fi in th A nglican Chu ch

o or e e en e ce e r

b ugh t b th him and his w i ings in t p

ro o
p u t r t o oor re e

am ngs t his l d f i nds Hi b k s hav suff d undu

o o r e . s oo e e re e

n gl c t I p lac his w i t ings n x t t th s f P y in

e e . e r e o o e o en r

po w f erli t a y xp ssi n am ng all th S pa a is t

o er r e re o o e e r t

p am phl ts f E lizab than t im s

e o e e ,

A h numb s t and w igh t f th s wh s pa a t d

e er e o o e o e r e

f m th A nglican Chu ch i c as d a nam was n d d

ro e r n re e e ee e

t dis t inguish t h m
o Th A nglican Chu chman k n w e . e r e

th e Pap is t and h k n w th P cisian

, Pu i tan e e e re or r ,
”

b t h
u w m f a w d and it w n c ssa y
er e e re en o ne or er, as e e r

to d sc ib th m by s m c nv ni n t ph as
e r e e A o e o e e r e. na

ba ptis t and S c ta y w handy t ms f abus

”
e r
”
e re er o e,

b t t h ugh f
u o ly us d w ha dly x ac t n ugh C
r ee e er e r e e o . on

s qu n tly th t ms B wnis t d B a wis w

e e e er ro
”
an rr o t e re

c in d B wn and B w w th l ading li t a y
o e . ro e a rr o e e re e e er r

cham p i ns f th caus Th la t was a v h m n t

o o e e . e t er e e e

and discu siv w i t — and w nd sinc h w t

r e r er no o er e e ro e

f m p is n— th f m was h fi s t t
ro r o t in p in t
e or er t e r o s et o u r

wi h cl a n ss th p inci pl s u p n which th S p a a is t
t e r e e r e o e e r t

Chu ch s w buil t p Th m B a wis t s n

r e e re
“ u . e ter rro
”
oo

e ou
“
di d t b t tha t f B wnist liv d as it m t a
u o ro e on e
,

n d in h languag W
ee t e it in a his ic s ns e . e u se to r e e .

O nc ind d it was a nic k nam and as such was

e, ee ,
e,

jus tly s n t d b t all th s ting has l ng sinc g n

re e e ,
u e o e o e

f m th w d I t has b c m a c nv ni n t symb l t
ro e or . e o e o e e o o

indica h s wh in th d y s f E lizab h and Jam s

te t o e o, e a o et e ,

f ll w d h p inci p l s f Chu ch g v nm n and d

o o e t e r e o r o er e t or er

so ca f lly x t ac d f m h b k s f th N w
re u e r te ro t e oo o e e

T s tam n t and
e t f th b y R b t B
e wn se or o er ro e.
 C HA P T E R II

J O H N S MI T H S CA R E E R A T CA MBR I D G E —
’

’
F RAN C I S

J O H N S O N A N D T H E L O N D O N S E P A RAT I S T CH UR CH

s y f th plan ing f th fi s B a ptis Chu ch

THE t or o e t o e r t t r

in E gland uch s h ligi us lif f h land

n to e t e re o e o t e at

many p in ts I t b ings us in c nn ct i n wi h p
o . r to o e o t re

la s and Pu i t ans c nf mis s and S pa a is s h ad y

te r ,
o or t e r t t ,
e

e n husias ts and s b Du tch M nn ni s B i ci cl s

t o er e o te . ut t r e

m s t cl s ly und th liv s f t h
o o e ro ma k abl m e e o r ee re r e en ,

J hn Smi th T h mas H l wy and J hn Mu n wh s

o ,
o e s, o r to ,
o e

w k l ft a p man n t ma k u p n h ligi us lif f

or e er e r o t e re o e o

E nglish s p a k ing p p l s
-
I c un ting wha is k n w n
e eo e . n re o t o

o f h s mt th s t y f t h m v m n
e e en in which h y
e or o e o e e t t e

w l ad s will b t ld f wi h th m ligi n was h

ere e er e o ,
or t e re o t e

su p m in t s t in lif and ligi us m iv s c n t ll d

re e e re e, re o ot e o ro e

and d t min d th i g n al ac ti n Wi hin h b i f

e er e e r e er o . t t e r e

s p ac f si x y a s th y s p a at d f m h Chu ch f
e o e r e e r e ro t e r o

E ngland f m d a dis t inc t , ligi us s ci y fl d f

or e re o o et , e or

re fug f m p s cu i n t A ms dam advanc d h

e ro er e t o o t er , e to t e
O
p ini n ha t ba
o p ism as
t adminis t d in h A nglican
t er e t e

Chu ch was unlawful and c ns ti u t d th i chu ch by

r ,
re o t e e r r

a f sh ba p ism T h n H l wy and Mu n s p a a d
re t . e e s r to e r te
f m Smi h and b c ming c nvinc d ha i was w ng
ro t , ,
e o o e t t t ro

to fl f m p s cu i n u n d wi h a handful f
ee ro er e t o ,
re t r e t o

f ll w s p lan t th i Chu ch in L nd n
o o er to e r r o o .

O f J hn Smi h s b yh d and bi h p lac n hi g is ’

o t o oo rt e ot n

27
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

as y t c t ainly kn wn I t is di fficul t t t ac th
e er o . o r e e

his y f an y n b a ing such a c m m n nam unl ss

to r o o e e r o o e e

th is s m c n t m p a y s ta t m n t as his f mily
er e o e o e or r e e to a

and p lac f igin I is t u his nam is f qu n ly

e o or . t r e e re e t
giv n S myth b t this va i n
e as th , m usual
” 1
u r a t on e o re

f m f th w d aff ds
or o e al h l p in mak in g a s ch
or or n o re e e ar

for
p a t icula r s f his a l y lif
r F m
o a casual f e r e . ro re er

e nc him by th R J s ph H ll ft wa ds B ish p
e to e ev . o e a ,
a er r o

o f N wich w h or was a c n m p a y f his C m

,
o o te or r o at a

b idg it m y b in f d ha t h was d micil d in

r e, a e e r re t e o e

L inc lnshi o th t im
re wh n h cam p t h
at e e e e e u o t e

Univ si y I s ms t m p b bl ha h b l g d
er t . t ee o e ro a e t t e e on e

t a famil y f Smi t hs which had a c nn c i n b h wi t h

’

o o o e t o ot

t ha shi and th n ighb u ing c u y f N tti gham

t re e e o r o nt o o n .

Hi p a n ts w
s re f su ffici n s andi g t er e all w h i
o e t t n o o t e r

son g to p t h o Univ u si y andto h hims lf had e er t , e e

mad such g d e f his p p oo uni i s as t b dy

u se o o ort t e o e rea

t p o fi t h full f m a c u s f c ll gia
ro t o t e ining
ro o r e o o e te t ra .

h fac t tha h ma icula t d as a siza h t is t ”

B ut t e t e tr e r, t a o

sa y as ,
a s t ud n t f t h l w nek w h c iv
o d f d e o er r a o re e e oo

and ins t ucti n t a duc d f and d d in u n

r o a re e e e, re n er e r et r

c in s vic s in Hall indicat s hat his f mily was f

erta er e ,
e t a o

no g w l th and b t k ns a d si
re at ea ,
his w pa t e o e e r e on o n r

t gai ins t uc ti n H ma t iculat d Ch is s C ll g ’

o n r o . e r e at r t o e e,

Camb idg in 58 6 and w m y i f f m this ha h

r e, 1 , e a n er ro t t e

was b n a ly i h i g h h d cad f th t c ntu y

or e r n t e e t e e o a e r .

Unf t un t ly h admissi n b k t Ch is s nly

or a e t
“ e o oo a r t
’ ”
o

b gins in 6
e w g 1 clu as his bi h plac
2 2 , so e et n o e to rt e or

p a n re g f
ta e m h t s u roc I h li b t y fa his o r e. n t e ra r o t

1
I n the en try of m a tr icul ation a t C am b ridg e , March , 1 58 6 , i t i s
P e i l e s B i og r ap / /
’
S m ythe f C C
'
’
w r i tt e n
' ’

zzra l R egr r f er ol l eg e,
"
. o zr z t s r

1 91 1 , p . 185 .
 L ife at Camb r idg e
c ll g is a magnific n t ly b und v lum wi h v llum
o e e e o o e t e

l av s a p pa n ly p s n d by h f und ss Ma ga
e e ,
re t re e te t e o re ,
r re t

B auf ( 44 3
e or t m h f H n y VI I f
1 ot er o e r or u se

as a gis I was t
re g d t b us d and it l av s
te r . t oo oo o e e , s e e

are blan k this d y to a .

Ch is s C ll g s tablish d by a yal lic nc in 5 5

r t
’
o e e, e e ro e e 1 0

o
“
c nv ing G d s H us an ld f undati n in a
ert o
’
o e,
”
o er o o to
,

re gula c ll g was this tim a n s t f Pu i anism

r o e e, at e e o r t .

I t s nt e a c ns tan s am f n g tic Pu i an
ou t o t tre o e er e r t

p reach s and w i s
er S i Wal t Mildma y t h r ter . r er ,
e

f und f E mmanu l C ll g had s udi d h

o er o J hn e o e e, t e e re. o

Udall wh di d in p is n u jus tly sus p c d f b ing

,
o e r o n e te o e

c nc n d in w i ing h Ma p la t T ac s was a
o er e r t t e r re e r t ,

m mb f e er als w Wal T av s
o so o ere t er r er ,

L au nc Chad t n and W illiam P k ins all awa k ning

re e er o er , e

Pu i an p ach s A t his c ll g A t hu H ild sham

r t re er . t o e e r r er

and R icha d B na d wi h wh m J hn Smi th cam

r er r ,
t o o e

in c nflic in af y a s w s tud n s Th y su ff d
to o t te r e r ,
ere e t . e ere

much f Pu i a ism b fus d t s p a a f m h

or r t n ,
ut re e o e r te ro t e

Chu ch I his h y c n as d wi h an h n abl

r . n t t e o tr te t ot er ot e

m mb f Ch ist s F ancis J hns n ( 56 — 6 wh

e er o r
’

,
”
r o o 1 2 1 1 o

b ldl y adv nc d f m Pu i tanism th S p a atis p si

o a e ro r to e e r t o

t i n and was h s n as p as by ha Chu ch f Ch is t in

o ,
C o e to r t t r o r

L nd n which af
o o wa ds k fug in H lland te r r to o re e o .

Wh n Smi h w n p t t h Univ si y F ancis

e t e t u o e er t r

J hns n had c m pl d his c ll g c u s H had

o o o ete o e e o r e. e

c m p f m his na iv R ichm nd in Y k shi in h

o e u ro t e o or re t e

s p ing f 579 and n d Ch is s C ll g g aduating

r o 1 ,
e te r e r t
’
o e e, r

in 58 and p c ding t his Mas s d g in 58 5

1 1, ro ee o t er
’
e re e 1 .

H was l c d F ll w and ngag d in u t ial w k

e e e te It e o e e t or or .

was in his c nn c i n t hat Smi h and J hns n w

t o e t o t o o er e

b gh t in t cl s t uch f w l a n that F ancis

ro u o o e o ,
or e e r r

29
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

J hns n was his u t Y a s ft wa ds in th p fac t

o o t or . e r a er r ,
e re e o

his Pa n f T u P ay wh n h w wav i g in
te r e o r e r e r,
”
e e as er n

his all gianc t th A nglican Chu ch J hn Smi h

e e o e r ,
o t
r e e rr e o
“
f d t th s days F m s m f th m h says e e . ro o e o e e
, ,
“which S a t f m Chu ch c nc ning th S t
p e er e ro ou r r o er e e

f m f p ay I c iv d pa t f my duca ti n in
or e o r er re e e r o e o

Camb idg and R icha d B na d x p ssly t lls us

r e,
”
r er r
1
e re e

t ha t J hns n was Smi h s t u t

’
o o t or .

Camb idg was agi tat d t this t im v qu s ti ns

r e e a e o er e o

c nc ning th s tatus f h minis t y and t h igh t d

o er e o t e r e r or er

ing f th Chu ch T h c n t v sy c nc ning th

o e r . e o ro er o er e

e ccl sias ical habi ts which had ag d in th a li pa t

e t r e e e r er r

o f h t ign had giv n p lac t a wid dis p u t which

e re e e o er e,

to uch d th wh l c ns ti tu ti n f th Chu ch I was

e e o e o o o e r . t
h ld by h Pu i tan p a ty t hat th N w T s tam n t laid
e t e r r e e e e

d wn a f m f Chu ch g v nm and disci plin f

o or o r o er e n t, e ar

diff n t f m tha im p s d u p n th land by th s t ng

e re ro t o e o e e ro

w ill f E lizab th and

o w m eigidly nf c d than
, no or e r e or e

e v by h n gy f Whi tgi ft T h s wh d si d a
er t e e er o . o e o e re

fu th f ma i n in ligi w aid d by many wh

r e r re o r t o re on ere e o,

for p li t ical
o as ns w n t d t di
re ff n toia t t h Chu,
ch a e o e re e e r

o f E ngland m d cid dly f m R man Ca h licism

or e e e ro o t o .

T h a bi t a y ac t i n f man y f t h bish p s mad m

e r r r o o o e o e en

re ady t acc pt h P sbyt ian h y f th p a i ty f

o e t e re er t eor o e r o

minis t s and h abus s c nn c t d wi th th syst m f

er ,
t e e o e e e e o

p a t nag
ro gav is t
e t h d mand ha
e rt t h p p e l sh uldo e e t e eo e o

hav a v ic in th calling and l c ti n f th s wh

e o e e e e o o o e o

w t minist t th m in h ly t hings Thus th

er e o er o e o . ere

was a st ng p a ty f f m in th c un t y and th
ro r o r r e or e o r , e

1 ’
Ber n ar d s S ep a r a t i sts S clzi sm , p 3 8 T his i s c on fir m e d by Wm
J Y
. . .

Br ad fo r d , Mr o hn son , who had b een h is tu tor

.
”
. oun g s
’
Clzr on i r l e o]
P i lg r i m F a ther s, 1 8 44 , p 4 50 . .
 A n A w ak ening
S er m o n
agi tati n had an ac tiv c n t in Camb idg T h
o e e re r e . e

Pu i tans wi h th i t nd nci s t d m c at ic ins ti tu t i ns

r ,
t e r e e e o e o r o ,

ins tinc iv ly l k d t Pa liam n t as th m ans f

t e oo e o r e e e or

e ff c i g f m in ligi n O nl y a f w m n ths aft

e t n r e or re o . e o er

J hn Smi th n t d th Univ si ty th Pu i tan pa ty

o e er e e er e r r

in t duc d a B ill ( F b ua y 7 58 7) in t th w
ro e e r r 2 ,
1 o e ne

Pa liam n t mb d ying th i d si d f ms t g th
r e e o e r e re re o r o e er

wi th a b k which w uld hav al t d th wh l f m

oo o e e re e o e or

o f t h Chu ch
e f E ngland T h Qu n p
r om pt ily . e ee e re or

s t pp d th p c dings and wh n s m f th m mb s
o e e ro ee ,
e o e o e e er

v n t u d t p n th ma tt p m ptl y s n t th m t th
e re o r eo e e er ro e e o e

T w o Itw
er. d ifl i l t t a g agains t ac ti n f that s t
as
‘
cu o r ue o o or .

N w i t was whil t h s qu s t i ns f Chu ch

o , f m e e e e o o r re or

w th l ading p ics f th d y ha t F ancis J hns n

ere e e to o e a t r o o

b ldly handl d th m in a s m n t S t Ma y s Cam

o e e er o a . r
’

b idg
r Janua y 6 58 8 H t k as his t x t
e, ou r , 1 . e oo e

I e er— “
P t v 4 Th ld s which . 1 am ng y I e e er ar e o ou
,

e x h t wh am als an ld and a wi tn ss f th su ff
or o o e er e o e er

ings f Ch is t and als a pa ta k f th gl y that shall

o r , o r er o e or

b e rev al d F d th fl c k f G d which is am ng y
e e . ee e o o o o ou ,

t a k ing th v sigh t th f t by c ns t ain t b t

e o er e r eo no o r u

willingl y ; t f fil thy luc b t f a ady mind ;

no or re u o re

n i th as b ing l ds v G d s h i tag b t b ing

e er e or o er o
’
er e u e

e x am p l s t th fl c k A d wh n th chi f Sh ph d
e o e o . n e e e e er

shall a pp a y shall c iv a c wn Of gl y tha t fad th

e r e re e e ro or e

t away t xt f a Pu i tan s m n J hns n

”
no A fi . ne e or r er o . o o

la id it d wn that th P sby ian f m f Chu ch

o e re t er or o r

g v nm n t was m s t ag abl t th N w T s tam n t

o er e o re e e o e e e e ,

and th f t b p f d b f E p isc pacy F

e r e or e o e re e r r e e or e o . or

t his b ld u tt anc
o h su ff d im p is nm n t A ft
er e e er e r o e .
1
er

1
F or d etail s of this ca se see
’
B rook s P u r i ta n s , v o l i , p 3 96 , and v ol .
J
. . .

pp 8 9 el seg , ar ti cl es
. . on Cu thb er t B ai n b rigg an d F ohnso n . .

3 1
 Smi th Helwys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

t w ty w k s h p ti i n d B u ghl y f l as H
en ee e e t o e r e or re e e . e

was h n b u gh t p f
t e x amina i n O c b 9
ro u o r re e -
t o on to er 1 ,

1 5 9 and
8 ,qui d t can t This h did h f ll w
re re o re . e on t e o o

ing Sunday b t insu ffi ci n tly in mincing t ms and

, u e er ,
”

w as th f d d
e r e or e O ct b 3 t l
or av t h e re on o er 0 o e e e

Univ si ty H fus d g d cla ing his s n nc t

er . e re e to o, e r e te e o

b ute ly u jus A cc dingl y h was ga in im p is n d

te r n t . or e a r o e ,

D c mb 8 58 9 and th ugh a p ti i n was p s n t d

e e er 1 ,
1 ,
o e t o
1
re e e

t o h Chanc ll
t e his b half sign d b y many m mb s
e or on e e e er

o f t h Univ si y y h s n had t l av
e er t T h C ll g
, et e oo o e e . e o e e

all w d his s ti p nd t L ad y D y 59 aft which his

o e e o a ,
1 0, er

na m c as s f m th lis f F ll ws F m Camb idg

e e e ro e t o e o . ro r e

h w nt v
e e Midd lbu g and b cam minist
o er to e r e e er to
th E nglish m chan t s t h
e a p s t nc h ld by
er e re , o o e e

T h mas Ca t w igh t
o H h d t
r f rs pa a d f m . e a no ,
so ar , e r te ro

th e A nglican Chu ch H was a Pu i t an p f u dl y r . e r ro o n

diss tisfi d wi th it c ns ti t ti n and ha shl y a t d by

a e s o u o r t re e

it s ffic s b
o h s till h ld c mmuni n wi th i t and
er ,
ut e e o o

h p d f it f m
o e or s r e or .

Th ha d cas f F ancis J hns n w uld x ci a

e r e o r o o o e te

chival us in t s t in
ro f such an im p ulsiv
e re and on e o e

sanguin t m p amen t as Smi th H w uld l k f

e e er . e o oo or

n ws f his l d tu t and tak s p cial n t f his ca

e o o or e e o e o r ee r .

A d wha a s t ang ca
n t t ha t was O
r w uld hav e re e r ne o e

t h u g h t t ha J hns n w uld hav

o t b n happy ugh
o o o e ee en o

in minis t ing t th E nglish m chan ts in Midd lbu g

er o e er e r ,

wh og an t d him £ y a an x m ly hand
r e 2 00 e r, e tr e e

s m s ti p nd f t h s days Th t wn au th i ti s
o e e or o e . e o or e

all w d his c ng ga ti n h
o e f th Gas thuis K k
o re o t e u se o e er .

1 m
D ated D ec e b e r 2 w mM
3, 5 9
1 8 L a

i
— n

i
7
s d o
m
n e

A
S 6 1
th
p.
p 5 6 6 S
n a ton es we
mi th s . . .
.
.
’

na m e d oe s n ot a
pp ea r on t hi s p e t t o n o n
g e S i g ay.

n o te Wil l ia m P erk i n s, C tu h b e r t B a i n b ri gg , an d R i ch ar d W ri g h t .

32
 Smi th ,
H el w ys
and B ap tis t Or igins
L on d on f to wi h h c on er wt t i p i
e a u th or s ,d w ho er e th e n n r s on , a n

l
s h or t y [Ap il
a fter 5 ] x r f 6, wi 1 93 f e e c u te d ; a te r h ch c on er e n c e
he w as i fi d d fi m di
s o s at s e an c on v r e n the tr u th a s he ne er r e tu r n e d

l
to h i s p a c e m Mi dd l b
an y bor e j i d h m lf
at e u r g, ut ad o n e i se to
i i
t he r s oc e ty L d atd w d [ 5
on on an ] w as af ter ar s D ec 1 59 2
mm i p i i d Adi i
. ,

co d tte d
to b
r s on an th e n an s he n n c on cl u s on

mi li v Am m w h
.

co ng to e at d m b
s te r d a be c aus e the sa e o oks hi c h e

ha d b e en i m an bn s tr u b p i
en t dto d ur nt to e n ew r n te an set o u at

hi s o w n c har g e . A d m f p
n so if i b
e o us h ere r esen t t e s t y th s t o e a

tr u e l i w hi h h d f m h
r e a t on c we m h b f
e ar m ro is own ou t e or e an y

wi tn e s s e s .
”

T h acc ssi n f J hns n t th

e e o oan ks f th L nd n
o o o e r o e o o

S p atis s gav t h m f sh h a t Th y p c d d t
e ar t e e re e r . e ro ee e o

se t h i Chu ch in d
t e r d and l c t ffic s F ancis
r ue or er e e o er . r

J hns n was ch s n and dain d pas t ( S pt mb

o o o e or e or e e e r,

15 )
9 t
2 h m n t hs la
re e t h waso s iz d t t h her us f
e e e a e o e o

E dwa d B y s a w al th y hab dash

r o e Ludga t H ill er er on e

and t h wn in t p is n in t h Clin k N t l ng af
ro o r o e . o o t er
wa ds B ys di d and th n in th y a 594 th was a
r o e ,
e e e r 1 er e

re
p t ort ha t M F ancis J hns n
r was a
r sui t t M o o or o rs .

T h masin B ys
o ehis wid w Th sui t was succ ssful
o ,
” 1
o . e e

and th y ma i d by mu tual c ns n t in th p is n
e rr e o e e r o

acc ding t th C mm n L w f th land in t h

or o e
‘

o o a o e e

p s
re e nc f wi t n
e o ss s Wh n hise b cam e k. n wn J hn e t e e o o
“was cla t cl s is n again b t h A ch er
s on p p p u y o e r o e r

p la
re t f Can e ot bu y and ter all w d t
r g
”
ab ad as no o e o o ro

b f wi h his k p
e or e t Mis t ss J hns n s w manly
ee er . re o o
’
o

l v f d ss b c ming h s tyl and stati n was a

o e or re e o er e o

s u c f g i v us ff nc t h b th i law G g
o r e o r e o o e e o er ro er - n - e or e

J hns n th n p is n in th Fl t and l d t a laugh

o o , e r o er e ee ,
e o

abl y t p i tiful dispu t b tw n th b th s

e e e e ee e ro er .

1
J G D i scou r se o Tr ou bl es, eta , 1 60 3 , p 9
ohnson s f
’
5 The onl y
w . . .

kno n c o pi e s ar e i n S i on Co l l ege Li b rary an d T r in i ty Col l eg e Libr ary

v x
.

I ha e e ami n ed both .

34
 J o h n P en r y s A d vic e ’

B y t his t im a g dl y numb f J hns n s fl c k had

’
e oo er o o o o

fl d e H lland
to A s v o A t “ t ain th Qu n s
. e ere c o re t e ee
’

subj c ts in b di nc had b n p ass d in A p il 59 3

e o e e e
”
ee e r 1 .

I was
t x p ssly di c t d agains t h S p a a is s and
e re re e t e e r t t

e e
“
d sign d t punish p s ns bs tinat ly fusing t
o er o o e re o

c m t chu ch p suading th s t im p ugn th

o e o r or er o er o e

Qu n s au th i ty in ccl sias tical caus s Th s

’ ” 1
ee or e e e . o e

c nvic t d und his A t w c mmi tt d t p is n

o e er t c er e o e o r o

th m n ths w h n all w d h m t d cid att nd

re e o er e t e o e t e o e e to e

s m pa ish chu ch and mak a p ublic can ta t i n t

o e r r e re o a

s vic tim ; if th y fus d h y w t l av th

er e e e re e t e ere o e e e

Qu n s d mini ns n v
ee
’
o t u n wi h u t h o s p cial e er to re r t o er e

lic nc P y in vi w f this A t w t a ma k abl

e e . en r e o c ro e re r e

le tt e r th b to h n A p il 4 59 3 I t c n ain d
e re t re on r 2 ,
1 . o t e

t h final advic
e f a man s t anding in th shad w
e o f e o o

d at h f c nsci nc sak T h y w t sin k th i

e or o e e
’
e. e er e o e r

individual in t s ts and stud y th w lfa f th wh l

e re e e re o
f
e o e

Chu ch r .

M d b
y g ooh i g b i hm w i l f d i
r e t r en , s e e n an s en t th o ss o g oo s s
li l b i
ke lv f i d
y t o et d e you al l , p r e p ar e your se e s or th s har en tr e aty

an d ji m
r e o c e tha t yOu ar ew ad e
f C i
ort hy or hr s t s ca u s e to s u ffe r
’

an d b l i Ad b
ear al th e s e t h n g s n b w l J
I es e ec h you n the o e s of esu s
i .

C hr i st that i i n on e l ofi youi l n th s c ase oo k u p on h s p ar t c u ar

b
es tate , d l
u t r eg ar f the g en er a s ta te
fG o the C h ur c h o o d t ha t the

sa m m e ay go wi v i ll l
a n d b e k e t t og e the r
p h th e r soe er t s ha p eas e

Go d dto O
s en bl i w ill b
you . h ll t he es s n g e g r eat t h at s h a en s u e

th i s c ar e .
”

S m f th m mb s f this dis t ss d c ng ga ti n
o e o e e er o re e o re o

s ugh t an asylum in H lland in h au tumn f 59 3

o o t e o 1 .

B y th p a i
e o n f h w erA t tt h s
o k p t c
o ming t t e ne c o er e o o

th m as h i t m f t h m n ths im p is nm n t ’
e t e r er o re e o r o e

e x pi d Th y fi s t p i tch d t K am p n m v d th nc
re . e r e a e , o e e e

1 N eal , i .
, p 42 6
. .
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

t N aa d n wh
o r th y
e c iv d s m cha i tabl h l p
,
er e e re e e o e r e e

f m th magis t at s and finall y s ttl d t A ms t dam

ro e r e ,
e e a er .

T his las t m v I assign t th d f 595 b gin

re o e o e en o 1 or e

ning f 596 W hav a p ic t u f th s fug s in

o 1 . e e re o e e re ee

1 59 7 y a candid y t
b t uns y m p a t h t ic bs v e I no e o er e r. n

t his w t h m al ad y dis t u b d by w angling

e s ee e Sm
re r e r . o e

had ac tually m v d t th Anabaptis t p si t i This o e on o e o on .

glim ps f th x il s is fu nish d by J hn Payn in a

e o e e e r e o e

t a t is
re e
“
in which h giv s Ch is t ian E x h t at i n t e e r or o
”
o

diff n t s c ti ns f his c un t ym n H d v t s a
e re e o o o r e . e e o e

s c ti n t N d
e o o or en er s .
”

Li w i kem sem f yo uh ki d dy mp
c ou n tr y en o a n ot er n an co an y,

re m vi of m C mp i
ng [ K mp ] N d [ N
ro a d ] df m
on a en to or en aa r en an ro

t h en c e Am d mto w mi b
s ter ad d i vi d d
, an d
d no s er a ly r en t a n e an

d h
s c atter e h w h h
e r e an d ld h f m l
t er e ho , t ou g you h o t e un d a e n t a
i
p o n ts f f i w i h ff i
o ou r da i
th i i wi h t a ect on to goo th n g s , ye t t s t an
u n te mp er e d z e al .

He ugs
mnan wh had t
r e in t f wl
t he re t o no ru n o
“o e

e rr o r
“
s f anabap tis y t b l ss l f y and m
”
o tr o e e o t ore

l wl y t s t m b
o ,
f G d s Chu ch s ab u t y
o e ee and e t t er o o
’
r e o ou

to b ag l ss f y u w wi h u Pas and sac am n s

r — e o o r o n t o t t or r e t
f or hs 3 yas t e eWi th u th guiding and e r .
” 1
o t e

res t aining hand f th i p as t a s pi i f c n n i n

r o e r or r t o o te t o

invad d h Chu ch T ubl a s th ugh wi lding

e t e r . ro e ro e ro e
“ h sha t sw d f x c mmunica i n Th x il d o e o t o
”
e e e
p
e r or .

Chu ch w uld t ch s w ffic s b s ugh di c i n

r o no oo e n e o er ut o t re t o

by l t f m it im p is n d l ad s in L nd n Th
et er ro s r o e e er o o . e

c nn cti n b tw n p as t and Chu ch was ga d d

o e o e ee or r re r e as

g d f lif
oo or e.

I m y b as k d h w i t was tha t J hns n did

t a e t e o o o no

1 R oy a l ] E x cha ng e, H aar l em 1 59 7, ad fin .

3 6
 Call of the N ew W o r ld
T he
c m v t H lland t th x p i ati n f th m n ths
o e o er o o a e e r o o re e o
’

im p is nm n t W ll h wi th th s was al ad y und
r o e . e , e o er re er

a s t wh n th A t f taining th Qu n s subj c ts
rr e e e c or re e ee
’
e

in b di nc cam in t f c and h was t p c d d

o e e e e o or e , e no r o ee e

agains t und it p visi ns H was k pt in wa d f

er s ro o . e e r or

o v f u y a s Th au th i ti s ha dly k n w h w t
er o r e r . e or e r e o o

d al wi th him N t un til th au tumn f 59 7 did

e . o e o 1

J hns n manag t j in his fl ck Th uni n was

o o e o re o o . e re o

b ugh t ab u t in a singula w y I th s p ing f 597

ro o r a . n e r o 1

on e o r t w M chan t A dv n t u o s plann d a v yag f

er e re r e o e o

fishing and disc v y t R i in th Gulf f S t o er o a n ea e o .

L aw nc re Chi f f th s was Cha l s L igh hims lf a

e . e o e e r e e ,
e

S p a atis t wh call d th Pas t s wif c usin and

e r o e e or
’
e o ,
’ 1

A b aham van H wic k

r T h y p t i t i n d th Qu n
er . e e o e e ee

f missi n “ t t ans t t f t his almodiv s

or p er p o r or ou o re er

ar ti fi and th p s ns that n t d t b s c ta i s
c er s o er er o are o e o e e r e .
”

T his was a f i ndl y d vic in which F ancis J hns n and

r e e e r o o

hi c m p ani ns c ncu
s o d in fac t th y th ms lv s
o o r re , e e e e

p t
e i t i n d t ho P ivey C uncil t influ
e nc t hr Qu n t o o e e e ee o

all w th m t g t th p vinc f Canada wh by

o e o o o e ro e o ere

th e p vid nc ro f t h A elmigh t y eand h o Maj s ty s e er e

’

fav u w m y t nly w shi p G d as w

o r e a no in o or o e a re

c nsci nc p suad d by his w d b t als d un t h

o e e er e or ,
u o o o er

Maj s ty and c un t y g a t g d s vic and in t im

e ou r o r re oo er e, e

als g atl y ann y tha t bl dy and p s cu ti g S pania d

o re o oo er e n r

ab u t th B y f M x ic A l ady th th u gh ts f th
o e a o e o .
”
re e o o e

S pa atis ts t u n d t th N w W ld as a p ssibl p lac

e r r e o e e or o e e

o f fug Th id a was k p t in mind

re e . e e e .

T his sui t was g an t d F u p min n t S p a a tis ts

r e . o r ro e e r

th b th s F ancis and G
e ro er g J hns n Dani l S t udl y
r eo r e o o ,
e e ,

a uling ld f th Chu ch c nd mn d t d a th t th
r e er o e r ,
o e e o e a e

1 Tr ou bl es, eta , p . 1 06 .

37
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

sam tim as B w b t p i v d and J hn Cl k

e e a rr o e, u re r e e ,
o er e

w p mi tt d t j in th x p di ti n B t th M chan t
e re er e o o e e e o . u e er

V n tu s had t giv b nd that th s S p a a tis s w uld

e re r o e o e e e r t o

t u n t t h Qu n s d mini ns unl ss th y g w ’
no t re r o e ee o o e e re

c n t n t t liv in b di nc t h laws ccl sias tical

o e o e o e e e o er e e

for ma tt s f ligi n er o re o .
”

Th b th s w e ro assign d t diff n t shi p s as

er e re e o e re ,

th y had b
e t diff n t p is ns F ancis and
ee n o er e r o ,
r

S tudl y t th H p w l l ca p tain d by Cha l s

e o e o e e , e r e

L igh hims lf and G

e g wi th Cl k t th
e , eo r e, er e, o e

Ch w ll und
a n ee S t ph n van H wic k Th v ss ls
e ,
er e e er . e e e

had ch y nam s T h y p t t f m G av s nd
eer e . e u ou ro r e e on

A p il 8 r 59 7 and
,
i t1mus t h v b ,
n an imm ns li f a e ee e e re e

t l av
o eh n is m p is ns b hind
e t e o D tain d by h ad
o e r o e . e e e

winds t Falm u th G g J hns n ndang d hims lf

a o ,
e or e o o e ere e

b y his indisc t discussi n f ligi us t pics w i th th

re e o o re o o e

ma in s and mas t f his v ss l and by p ublicl y

r er er o e e ,

o o
“
sh wing a c py f t h S pa atis t s C nf ssi n f Fai h o e e r
’
o e o o t
”

whil in p t A last w i th a f v u ing b z th y

e or . t ,
a o r re e e, e

l f th Chann l and mad f A m ica I f a p ma

e t e e e or er . er

n n t s t tl m n t had sul t d f m this x p di i n

e e e e re e ro e e t o no

d ub t th m mb s f J hns n s Chu ch w uld hav

o e e er o o o
’
r o e

c ss d f m L nd n and A ms t dam t j in t h i
ro e ro o o er o o e r

p as and
t o r, t h Pilg im Fa t h s w uld
e hav b n r er o e ee

an tici pat d B t hat was t t b Th m can il

e . u t no o e . e er t e

ma in in E lizab than d ys was s t ngly P s an

r e
'

e a ro r o te t t,

and n t d e y p
e re lan f p iva t
on i g agains
an t h o r ee r n t e

S pania ds wi th s m thing f h h l y j y f h l d
r o e o t e o o o t e o

c usad s A aid p n S panish shi pp ing p mis d

r er . r u o ro e

m imm diat p fi t and x ci t m n t than h d udg y

o re e e ro e e e t e r er

o f p lan t ing a s l m n t A sha p l k t was h e tt e e . r oo -

ou ,
t e re

f k pt f S p anish shi p ping T h tw shi p s k p t

or e, e or . e o e

3 8
 C r usad e
A N av al
t g th
o e ac ss th A tlan tic and mad Ca p R ac O ff
er ro e e e e .

Plac n tia B y th y l s t t uch wi th

e a e an th Th o o on e o er. e

Cb m w ll g t
a e e th o
“
c k s in a fai sunn shin
on e ro re e e

d y
a ff Ca p B t n and t h ca p t ain having t b ach
o e re o , e o e

h er f p ai
or r e s h was p lund
r ,
d b
s y th e F nch T h ere e re . e

c w w l ft ill fu nish d b t had sav d th i b ats

re e re e -
r e ,
u e e r o .

Th y p pa d t
e re t t d wn t h c as t in s a ch
re o se ou f o e o e r o

h l p in h p f tak ing a p iz G J hns n and

e or o e o r e . . o o

Cl k mus t i th g wi th t h m b l ft in th wild
er e e er o e ,
or e e e

or b d live e
“
d t th F nchm n t b b ugh t f
e re o e re e o e ro or

F anc and by th m shi p b d th y sh uld b

r e e on or e e o e

u g d t h a mass Th ha d ch ic s says ” 1 ”
r e o e r e. r ee r o e ,

J hns n B t h l p was t hand th H p w l l aft s m

o o . u e a e o e e ,
er o e

adv n tu s wi th th F nch w ha pp ily mad th sam

e re e re ,
no e e e

landfal l as h sis t shi p W will l t G g J hns n

er er . e e e or e o o

d sc ib th v nt
e r e e e e

C i i i h w il d pl h
on t n u n g n t f u dat whil h ac e t r e e or o r ays , e t ey

p p
re dar eh i h t11 p d
e r m d s da w
0 ll s an h ld a e r ea y as e as t e y c ou to
t ak e p u r c a s e
h G d p v i d. h o v f
’
il
s ro i en c e , w o ne er a e th , n o , n ot n

h m
t e i w ild
o u n ta n or h w d i lf f h C p i w l k
er n e s s , s e e tse or t e a ta n a

i f h hi
,

i
ng wi h G t J h eor g e d f o n s on a n dd l c on e rr n g o t ese t n g s, s u en y
( b i g q i k i h d) h
e n u c s hi f
g te ff i h d
e sa w a s id I p ar o n t e s e a an sa ,

hi p w hi h G J i d m b h L d wi ll
’
to oh n s on sa It t
‘
s ee a s c .
, ay e e or

h lp h
,

sen d us eb d t q d h Cp i m
er e y,
’
an re u es te t e a ta n to an ou t a

sh a ll op m
to th e i if ipw k d d i
to s gn y m
ou r s h rec an s tr ess u n to th e
ld m v i i W hi h
,

an d nod b h ou d w t t e L or ou o e th e r h e ar ts to p ty . c

l
p r e s en t y t h C i mm d d
e ap t a nb d d
co ill an e to e on e an , we st

w l ki d
a n g un er h h Op e , v yqik d
at l e n gt on e , wh o w as er u c e ye

di li h hip d p i h p
,

d i
sc e r n e b E t to e an ng i
s s an ut u s n o e t h at t w a s
f ll w w hi h m j wi h
,

o ur e o b d c m wa s ou n to a ke th e sa e ourn ey t us,

w i hm d h m i
h c a e t h e m wi h h i ll p
a r n er s to as t e n t he or e t t e r s ha o

h m fi di hi wi
,

w h m
o, c o i n g to t m be h , n ng th e to e t e s p h ch w as
b oun d wi h ( w h t i w us h P d
er e n M S d l er e h t e a s tor an r tu ey th e ot er

i d ) d l i h m di wh i w
.

t wo b an s h e , an r e at n g to t e th e s tr e s s er e n we er e .

39
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

O h ! wh h vi
at ea m h m
n es s
p iw asl i th ere a on g t e s ec al y n th e
l vi m M C l
,

P astor , f hi b
or h d sh r ot er a n in t at o ng an r h ar es L e i gh
i h v f l (
.
,

t h Ce apta n f ther e o w ho w a s n ot s o ea y or th e os s th ou gh a

i hi p
,

p rin c l paf h o hi )
t e s j fl was m s as h e w as oy u th a t al l the en

w f Ad
ere s a e l (b n
) m m
p resen t yd d M y r ep or t co an e the a s te r to
di wh m i wh
.

m a ke h b
to t wh e ay e r e ou r s tr e s s w as , at ose eet n g at

t e ar s t h w ( f h l ) b f j
ere er e n ot or t me oss ut or oy tha t w e so et ,

sp e c ail b w h b h
ly et e en txp e rot er s l c an n ot e r es s , ye a , I c an n ot

n ow w i wi r te m mb i
thou t te ars ,h w d p vi re e er n g s u c a on r ou s ro

d en c e o fG d v i o e l den n a str an g e an .
” 1

T h wh l c m p an y w
e o e tak n
o b a d th er e e on o r e

H p w ll and
o e e ,July 5 th y had th luck t fall in
on 2 e e o

wi th and ca ptu a n tabl s t g shi p f B ll I sl re o e ron o e e e,

fn a t ns bu t h n L igh wi th his S p a a t is t
”
o e r 2 00 o r e . e ,
e r

f i nds and a shi p s c m pa y w t ansf d t th

r e
’
o n ,
e re r e r re o e

p iz
r e. T h y had h pe s f ma k ing a fu t h o ca p t u
e bo t r er r e, u

p u t t ing t again
o se a a l y in A ugus t t h y f u d e t h i r e o n e r

t ac k ling tt n and t h i vic t uals

s o ro e sh t tha t h y e r so or t e

s lv d aft a f w days t ma k s t aigh t f h m

re o e ,
er e ,
o e r or o e .

T h c m p an y in t h H p w l l an x i us
e o t l s th i
e o e e ,
o n ot o o e e r

sha f th plund d t m i n d t t u n t th sam

re o e e r, e er e o re r a e e

t im e. A t h y sail d bac k
s e v th A lan tic th e o er e t e

re ligi us fug s whil d away th tim wi h dis

o re ee e e e t

i
c u ss o n s which s m t im s g w h at d b ing f m n t d
o e e re e e ,
e o e e

b y S t udl y wh e
“lying in his cabbi g w uld w and
o, n o no
,

t h n p t f t h his h ad and minis t

e u or qu s ti ns and e er e o

matt t th Past
er o eminding G g J hns n byo r,
” 2
re eo r e o o

t his ac t i n
“
f a ba k ing d g
o o O a pp achi g th r o .
”
n ro n e

E nglish c as t th o fug s w uld hav t c nsul t as t

e re ee o e o o o

th i e r saf ty S tudl y p p s d t th captai that

e . e ro o e o e n

h e sh uld k p G g J hns n cl s
o ee shi p
e or e o o o e on

b a d f a tim
o r or a ival in p t as th y f a d
e on rr or ,
e e re

his i di ti This plan h fus d t n t tain

n s c ae on . e re e o e er .

1 Tr ou bl es, eta , p . 1 1 0.
2 Tr ou bl es , eta , p . 1 12 .

4 0
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

Such th n w s m f th t ials and adv n tu s

,
e ,
e re o e o e r e re

t ha t b f ll th tu t
e e f J hn Smi h e W n d t
or o o t . e ee no

w nd that h y ung man c iv d f m him a

o er t e o er re e e ro

d cid d b n t in th Pu i tan di c ti n Smi h w uld

e e e e r re o . t o

l k wi h in t s t f y n ws f J hns n ha fil t d
oo t e re or an e o o o t t er e

th ugh t Camb idg and w uld d ub tl ss b an ag

ro o r e, o o e e e er

re ad f his b ks H was acquain d wi h J hns n s

er o oo . e te t o o
’

T a t is re f t h Mi i t y f h Chu ch
e o e f E ngland n s er o t e r o ,

wh in is handl d h qu s ti n wh t h it b t b
ere e t e e o e er e o e

s p a a t d f m j y d un t discuss d wi th A thu
e r e ro or o ne o,
”
e r r

H ild sham and issu d in 59 5

er H was influ nc d by e 1 . e e e

t h “eB i f D cla at i n f h dina y ffic s f th

r e e r o o t e or r o er o e

Chu ch f Ch is and S m n t s t uching th

r o
“ r t,
”
o e o e o e

L d s P ay ann x d t his v lum H was als

’ ”
or e r er , e e o t o e . e o

awa f J hns n s c n t v sy wi th H n y Jac b ( 56 3

re o o o
’
o ro er e r o 1

p t t t h p ss b
u y t h la t to in 599 eand re e er 1
1

re p li d t eb y J hns n
o in 6 W m yo als t a k i t o 1 00 . e a o e

t h t Smi th was an a t n tiv st ud n t f th S pa a tis t

a te e e o e e r
“C nf ssi n f Fai h in which F ancis J hns n had a
o e o o t r o o
,

mas t hand N d ub t h w uld fl c t u p n th

er . o o e o re e o e

qu s ti ns t issu and discuss th m wi th his c ll g f i nds

e o a e e o e e r e .

A l l t ha t is k n wn f J hn Smi th s ca t Camb idg

’
o o o re e r a r e

m y b a t t in f w w ds and w will h
e se ou c nclude or , e e re o e

th s t y f this s ag in his lif N c d f his

e or o t e e . o re o r o

t a k ing a
“ bach l s d g is f und as th lis ts f e or
’ ”
e r ee o e or
,

1 8
5 9 9
— i c v 0 abl b
are t h b cam Mas
rr e o t f er e, u e e e er o

A t s in 59 3
r d was 1 l ct d t a F ll wshi p b f
. an e e e o e o e o re

Micha lmas 594 At this p i d h t k d s

e 1
“ . er o e oo or er .
”
,

W h v his w w d f t his W i t ing t R icha d

e a e o n or or . r o r

B na d in 6 9 h said
er r 1 0 ,
e

1
i es a n d M i n i stery o/E ng l an oe, Mid d el b urgh ,
A D ef en ce of tbe Clzu r c/ ’

A n A n s wer to Ma zster H j acob, lzi s D efen ce, eta , 1 60 0

’

1 59 9 . . .

42
 Smi t h at the U ni v er si t y
I u tt er l y r e n ou n c e you r or d e r s w hi ch I h a d fr om i
W c kha m ,

p r e a l
t e of L i l w
n co n , hen I w as C ho se n Fe ll wo of C hr i st s
’
Co ll eg e

i
in C a mb r d g e .
” 1

T his is c nfi m d by B na d wh d cla s o r hat

e er r ,
o e re t
“
Smi h was mad minis by B ish p Wi k m T h s
t e te r o c a .
” 2
e e

p assag s im p et an b caus
a re t h y id n ify h J
or hn t e e e e t t e o

Smi th in wh m w in s d wi h h o w h h ld
e ar e t er e t e t t e on e o e

e
“
a F ll wshi p Ch is s f m 594 t L ad y D y 59 8
o at r t
’
ro 1 o a 1 .
,

William Wic kham was B ish p f L inc ln f m 58 4 t o o o ro 1 o

1 59 5 T h .s da t s shu t t
e ew t h J hn Smi
e hs t ou o o er o t

wh w t Ch is t s C ll g n a t ha im I f w m y ’
o e re a r o e e e r t t e . e a

t us t B na d wh
r a pp a s b w ll inf m d Smi h
er r ,
o e r to e e or e ,
t

was ins i u t d in a living b th p lac and na u

t t e to ,
”
ut e e t re

o f his b fi hav t y t b n d t min d I hav

en e ce e no e ee e er e . e

s a ch d h scan y m m anda f B ish p Wic kham s

e r e t e t e or o o
’

ins i tu ti ns and dinati ns p s v d in h A lnwic k

t o or o re er e t e

T w o t L inc ln b
er a f nc s t J hn Smi th
o ,
ut no re e re e o o

re main .

I t a pp a s t ha t J hn Smi h was f
e r a im ngag d o t or t e e e

in u ial w k in which h was ccasi nally assis d

t tor or ,
e o o te
by Samu l Wa d ca t chis e f th C ll g r and af
, e t o e o e e, te r
wa ds Mas t f Sidn y Suss x T h
r er o tw e e . e re a r e on e o r o

f nc s t him in a manusc i p n t b k l f by
re ere e o r t o e- oo e t

Wa d f m which i is cl a ha Smi h w l k d p
r ,
ro t e r t t t as oo e u

to as a c ll gian f s m s tanding Wa d n s und

o e o o e . r o te er

t h da e Jun 8 59 6 histe
“ lavish s p ch s M
e 2 1 t oo ee e to r .
, ,

Sm y h O A ugus 8 in h sam y a h p ach s

t .
”
n t 2 t e e e r e re ro e
“
hims lf f m y wan f a n ti n and a pplying M
e or t o t te o r.

Smi h his c mm n plac t m yn w p fi t A gain

t o o e o e o ne ro .
,

on Augus t 6 in t h f ll wing y a h s p a k s f
1
“ my e o o e r, e e o
,

1
P a r al l eles, Cen s u r es , eta , p 1 0 2 . .

11
B er n ard , P l a i n e E v i den ces , 1 6 1 0 , pr e f .

43
 Smi th ,
Hel w ys
and B ap tis t Or igins
co ld tt p ay
n es a in M Smi th his chambr and
er th r e r, en ,

on
“B a h l m w d rt o o ach s hims lfe f “ m a
‘

y p y , re ro e e or

th ou
g h t f p id in t
e oha t M Sm y t h [ was
r ] wi
e h m r . t e .
” 1

Th s n t i s sh w that Smi th was

e e e r e wh to k an on e o oo

activ pa t in th w k f his C ll g Th dia y al s

e r e or o o e e. e r o

f s t William P k ins Cu thb t B i b igg T h mas

re er o er , er a n r ,
o

N wh us
e aft wa ds f S t A nd ws N wich and
o e, er r o . re ,
or ,

. o
“
Will B l t n t wh s p p l it was Wa d du ty t
o o o e u es r
’
s o
,

re ad and I ta k it J hn Smi th w uld b w ll acquain t d

,
e o o e e e

wi t h all in that li ttl i cl e C r e.

Smi th was t Camb idg th n f an unusually a r e, e ,

or

l ng thy t m I t was a s ti ing p i d wh n ligi us

e er . rr er o , e re o

discussi n was vig usl y pu su d Th p in ts in

o oro r e . e o

dis pu t b tw n T av s and Ca tw igh t th

e e ee hand
r er r r on e on e

and Whi tgift and H k h th w b ing m oo er o n t e o er e re e o re

sha ply d fin d I t was a tim wh n William P k ins

r e e . e e er

( 55
1 8 — 6 ) a f ll w1 f Ch
02 is t s was p aching
e wi ho o r
’
re t
amazing succ ss as l c tu t G at S t e A nd ws e re r a re . re .

Smi th w uld hav pp tuni ti s f discussi n wi th

o e O or e o o

William A m s ( 576 William B adshaw ( 57

e 1 r 1 1

— 6 8 ) f E mmanu l and J hn R bin n f C p us

1 1 o e ,
o o so o or

Ch isti W m y saf ly c nclud tha t this pa t f his

r . e a e o e r o

lif t Camb idg und th sym path ic guidanc f

e a r e er e et e o

E dm nd B a w ll Mas t f Ch is t s C ll g mad a d p
’
u r e , er o r o e e, e ee

im p ssi n u p n his mind I t was w that his th ugh ts

re o o . no o

w di ct d t th s inqui i s in t th natu and

e re re e o o e r e o e re

c ns ti tu ti n f th t u Chu ch f Ch is t which v n tually

o o o e r e r o r e e

l d him t t h w
e ff his all gia c t t h Chu ch f
o ro o e n e o e r o

E ngland and ga t h a w Chu ch in acc danc wi th er ne r or e

t h N w T s t am n t p lan
e e e e .

1
MS . d iary of S am . Wa rd i n S id S uss C ol l Li brary
. . . .

44
 C H A P TE R III

PR EAC H E R To THE CI T Y OF L I N CO L N — E X PO S I TI O N

OF THE 2 2 ND P S AL M — L E CT U R E S ON T HE

LO R D S
’
P RA YER
F ir st hee i
S m th] was a S ub s cr b er , i C on for mi tan t, a n d
a

as hon e st a man then , as e v er i

s n ce for a n ythin g s ee n e or he ar d

hithert o t o the c on tr ar y : th i s vid h fi h

is e m d
en t w en rst ee w as a e

Mn ii s te r an d wh en h ee w a s i i di
n st l i vi g Wh h
tu te n to a n . et er

whol y a C on for m i st b e b est k w h i i

no h h t h w
et , t s e n ou g t a e as

wh at h e w as .
” 1

w th w ds f R icha d B na d wh is
T H OS E e re e or o r er r ,
o

p babl
ro y igh t in his rsugg s t i n t ha t J hn Smi h was e o o t
no t wh ll y a c nf mis t v n
o h t im
o f his
or dina e e at t e e o or

ti n Li k B na d him
o . e was th n a Pu i an
er r se e r t to
wh m many f h c m s and s v al pa ts f th
o o t e e re oni e e er r o e

B k f C mm n P ay w t h ughly dis tast ful

oo o o o r er ere oro e .

This was h class f cl g y m s t subj c t

t e in t f c o er o e to e r e re n e

and susp nsi n by th bish ps F m his class th

e o e o . ro t e

t wn l c t u
o s and p ach s w usually d awn) O
e re r re er ere r ne

can h w natu al it was f th m

see o s lu Pu i ans
r or e or e r e o te r t
to ta k p p si
e i ns
u as cha p lains o and l c t
t ou s v e r er o er

which th bish p s had l ss di c t ju isdic ti n han v

e o e re r o t o er

or dina y b fi r Such w th l c t u shi p s t p

en e ce s . e re e e re se u

in ci i s and ma k t t wns and su pp t d by th

t e r e o or e e

subsc i pti ns f th t wnsm n a g an t f m th

r o o e o e or r ro e

1 P l a i n e E v iden ces , 1 6 1 0, P reface .

45
 Smi t h H el wys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

c p ati n funds I f J hn Smi th had suff d y

or or o . o ere an

int f nc t th hands f Wic k ham s succ ss in th

er e re e a e o
’
e or e

s ee o f L inc ln h w uld b th m o e li k ly t s k sucho e e ore e o ee

a p s t N w t h c p ati n f Li c ln had app in t d

o . o , e or or o o n o o e

T h mas L udding n M A a L inc lnshi

o to man and a , . .
,
o re

F ll w f m 58 t 6 5 f L inc ln C ll g O x f d
e o ,
ro 1 2 o 1 0 ,
o o o e e, or ,

t th s t f “ ach t h Ci t T h ag d to e r ee
o p e p o o y yre er e .

( Jun 6 e 159 7) t p y
,
1 him p o annum and a his er

di t t th may s t abl
e a e H s v d t his ffic f
or
’
e .
”
e er e o e or

s m th y a s b t as I judg
o e ree e r t wi t h
,
n ti u , e, no e re

sat isfac ti n t all p t i s A t y at

o o M y 3 ar e . an r e, on a ,

1 6 th
00 , qu s ti n f th p s t f ci ty p ach was
e e o o e o o re er

re vi w d and a s lu ti n pass d in th s t ms
e e re o o e e e er

N mi i
o n ster h h ll h v
or pbr e afic h er w o s a a e an y en e ce or

f
c h ar g e ou t o Ci f i the b l d tv f
o L n c ol n to e e e c te p r e a c h e r o the
i
C ty, b u t h m b
su c a ll
an v b fi d
to e c h ose n as s h a ha e no en e c e an

li db
e an i l m e c on t n u a l
h ii y a on g s t t e c t z en s .
” 1

T his was p aving t h w y f Smi h and S pt m e a or t , on e e

b f th sam y a M J hn Smi th was l c t d “

er 7 o e e e r r. o e e e

p reach f t h
er ci ty b
o y 8 v ic s ev M L udding t n o e o er r. o

wh had 7 Th na w maj i ty indicat d tha t

o . e rr o or e

f ling was p tty v nly divid d and did t p mis a

ee re e e e no ro e

v y c mf t abl tim f th w man H w v

er o or e e or e ne . o e er,

Smi th n t d his f sh du ti s in g d h a t W
e e re on re e oo e r . e

hav i t th t s tim n y f G v n William B adf d

e on e e o o o er or r or

t ha t h
“
was a g d p ach
e H w uld find th oo re er .
”
e o e

w k c ng nial and b w ll abl t h ld his w

or o e S e e e o o o n. o

l ng as h had th pp t f th C p ati n h w uld

o e e su
'

or o e or or o e o

f l saf agains t undu in t f nc f m th bish p and

ee e e e r e re e ro e o

e nj y c nsid abl lib ty in ccl siast ical matt s

o o er e er e e er .

1
4 tb R epor t of H i st
I . MS S . Comm i ssion , Appen d i x , P a r t V1 11 . , on
Li n col n A r c/
zi oes , 1 8 9 5 .

4 6
Smi t h at St . P e ter at A r ch e s , L in c o ln
On O to c b er 2 1, 1 600 , the C o r po r a i n s lv d
t o re o e

t hat
Mr . J i
S m th , th e p r e a c her of th e c ty,
ohn w as ha e a i “to v
ye a r y slt p en d o f £ i 0
4 p a d u ar t e r y, t h ! f3 6 s 8 d yea r l y i q l wi . .

w
to ar d s hou se r e n t an d ea e to ke ep thr e e k n e u p on the
”
-
l v i
comm on s .

hat was qui t a sa tisfac t y all wanc and w m y

T e or o e, e a

p ic t u J hn
re Smi h hao pp yil s tt l d in L inc lntci y e e o t ,

e ngag d in gula p aching Sundays and W d

e re r re on e n es

days S m f ui ts f th s lab u s h aft wa ds gav

. o e r o e e o r e er r e

t o th p ss
e re .

Was h ma i d t this im ? I thin k it v y

e rr e a t e er

p robabl T h P
e. t s t an t p a t y in h et wns fav
ro eu d r t e o o re

a ma i d m inis t y N in y a s la t in H lland his

rr e r . e e r er o

nam was cl s ly c u pl d wi h Ma y Smi h wh i t is

e o e o e t r t ,
o,

natu al t assum w his wif Th vaca i n f his

r o e, as e . e t o o

F ll wship in 59 8 m y hav b n d
e o 1 his ma iag a e ee ue to rr e .

A s th cha ac t f his p aching t L inc ln w

to e r er o re a o e

hav a fai x am p l in a li t l v lum f x p si t y

e r e e t e o e o e o or

o
“
s m ns p in t d by J hn L ga t p in t t th
er r e o e r er o e
, ,

f Camb idg I t was p ublish d s m

”
U i i ti
n v er s e o r e. e o e

t im eaf Ma ch 4 in th y a 6 3 I is n ti tl d
te r r 2 e e r 1 0 . t e e

T h B igh t M ning S a
e r th R s lu t i n and
or t rre , or e e o o

E x p si i n f h
o t d P l m p ach d p bl i k l y in
o o t e 2 2n sa e, re e u c e

f u s m ns L i l by I O H N SM I T H P ach
o re er o , at n co n e ,
re er

o f th C it i e Ap c 6 e.I am h t and h o . 22, 1 :

‘
t e r oo e t e

G n a ti n f David and th B igh t M ning S ta

e er o o e r or rr e .
’

T h n c m s L ga t s im p in f ll w d b y t h inf ma
’
e o e e e r t, o o e e or

ti no
“ A d
: t b s ld n t h sign
ar e f th C wns in
o e o e a t e e o e ro

Paul s Chu chya d by Sim n Wa s n Th nly

’
r r o ter o . e o

c py k n wn is in th L ib a y f E mmanu l C ll g
o o e r r o e o e e,

Camb idg t which it was p s n t d by William

r e, o re e e

47
 Smi t h ,
H elw ys
and B ap t is t Origins
S an cro f fiA hb i h p f Can t bu y
t rc Smi th add ss s
s o o er r . re e
“
his E p is tl D dica i “e t th R igh t W shi p ful
e tor e
”
o e or

re ligi us and c u t us Knigh t S i William W ay my

o o r eo ,
r r ,

a pp v d g d f i nd and b n fact
ro e oo H giv s him
r e e e or .
”
e e
“salu t a t i ns in th L d J sus and s ta t s his as n
o e or e
”
e re o
,

for t his d dica t i n in t h s t ms e o e e er

I h v
B e c a u se xp i d y lf b d h Ki a e e er en c e ou r se to e, un er t e ng s
’

M j ia es t c , a p i i l f r ncd f li i i
p a p r o ess or a n p r ot e ctor o re g on n th e s e
q (
u a r te r s f w m l i d
or f f i f l mi i
h at a u t tu e o d b a th u n ster s ar e e tor s
to you i fl ) df h I m g
n t he esh , an h v or dt at , a on the r es t, a e r es te

d w
”
un d er yo ur s h a o .

Smi th th ugh t th was m f m b k s f a o ere roo or ore oo o

s i us d
er o or er .

“S i v b l d l v i eri l d d l i ta b ll
e, d n ter u an t ng a a
g ee n y e a p a n e e

h h h p i v il
at t e f p
r eg e m od d i
th e f re s s , the s er on s an r ea n gs o

mi i m
n st e r s h ll g h ay cm h w l d i f ll f G
a en e t f
e sa e. T e or s u o uy o

W w i k Will i m f C l d l
ar c
’ ‘
Sa i d W l
o ou e s ee ,
’
kogg ns an o n er s

d w i i f li q li i i m
,

J e s ts ,
’
an r t d
n gs o ke ua t es ; an t he r e n en ta k e a

g reat d li h e d d
g t to m k m lv
r ea m wi h
an so a e th e se es err y t o th er

m en s i’
s nsI i h S i dth nkm m t e tat on er s
’
s h op an so e en s
’

h lv i d w i h h i wh h d i v
.

s e b
es a r e f etter ur n sh e t su c tr fl e s , ic ec e e t he
mi d n d ffan i a b i d h h fi h h
e ct on a s wi wh l m
the a t ot t e s t an th o e so e

wii f li i
,

r t n gs o n atu re , a r t or r e g on .

A cc dingl y Smi t h v n tu d t
or , p ublish t his li tt l e re o e

w k Th s tyl is p lain and di ct and th pag s

or . e e re ,
e e a re

no t v l ad d wi t h ma ginal f nc s b t th t a t
o er o e r r e e re e ,
u e re

m n t in th fashi n f th t im is di ffus Smi th

e e o o e e e.

I ha v e n ot v i h d my w i i g w i h h p fi i l l i g
arn s e r t n t t e su er c a ear n n

of w or d s a n d fi gu r e s ,d i m i f m ( w hi h
t on g u e s an tes t on es o en c

n ot w i thsta n di ng d d i ll w) b
I b
o n ot I p d sa o , u t, e c au s e p ur ose to
a pp l y my s ty e t o the u n d er stan l di f h im l I d v ng o t e s p e, en ea ou r

to u tter matter t a p a i n n e ss o wi h ll l fw d d t or s an sen en ces .

”

4 8
 S m i th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

an yt hi g f m h w i
n ro w d fGd t e r tten wi or o o or to al ter an y h t
f w hi h— w h v p m h d d
,

th ere o , c os o e f m
er re s u et to o e r og a te th ro th e
p r o p i l ffi f C i Th ip i d d m
he t ca o ce o hr st . e s cr tu r e s n ee ay be
ex dd b
p ou n e m ut b th ey
d m d u st n ot e a l ter e a ug en te or

d i mi i h d
, , ,

n s e .

H l f ll w h i b d
en ce a so o i ho et Mi i
y t ue p r op or t on t at t he n s te r s

d f h C i C i d (
’
an P a s tor s o h t d e hu r c h , w o s tan up n hr s t s s te a he
b i e n g a s cen d d i h d v i i v if
e u p on hg m ) an ha ng g en g ts u n to en ar e

to d p b li h G d will ( fi i l v l d b C i i ’
op en a n u s o s s u f c en t y r e ea e y hr st n

t he p rop h d e ts
’
wii ) an ap o stl e s G d f
’
r t n gs to the p eop l e of o or

h i
t e r c on v i d lv er s on i ll l b i k l
an sa ati on . F na y a s o, y l e a n a ogy ,
C i ihr m
s t an s wi h f u s t, m t ou t e ar or s ha e , c on fe s s a n d p rof e s s t he

tr u t h f G d o w d o l b f h fi d f C
’
s or n ot o n y e or e t e r en s o th e hu r c h
an d th o s e i ll v w m sp e c a v y o ber l b ho t h ey h a e c ha r g e , u t a so e fo r e

th e en e mi f h C es o b i ll d d
t e hu r c h e n g ca e an u r ge d there u n to
Thi i i i w i
.

h s s l tk f eC p r n c p a— h
or o hr st s
’
ro
p p h e c y to t e a c h t e

Ch urc h w ff No f f ll w w i h
th e e e c ts i f
th er eo o o h c ar e : th e p r a se o

l w hi b di
.
,

G d o d an v the fm c on er s i on o
’
en s s ou s ; ch ar e su or n ate

e a ch to f b
o th er , v i fm or y t h l G d i l ifi d
e c on e r s on o en s s ou s
’
o s g or e

fi ff f C i l
.

( ) f hr p r op he ti c a o ffi c e , an d so o th e
’
1 T he r st e ect o st s

mi i n s tr y of l d
th e p r op h et s , f C i
a p o s t es a n p as to r s o th e hu r c h s

th e v i fm
c on er s on l wi
o ld en s
’
h i sou s ; o th e r se c al e th e g a t er n g

t og e the r f h i o t d e i Sa f b d
n ts , f C i
th e e ifi cat on o th e o y o hr s t .

( ) 2T h d ff f
e s ec on f C
e i
ect o d f h the p r op h e cy o hr s t, a n so o t e

mi i i
n s t ry , i fG
s th e p r a s e f m mi i
o od for t he r e or e u st n s te r s

p r ea c h d h
an G d m b
t e ac t h a t l ifi d i v i f
o ay e g or e n th e c on e rs on o

m en s
’
l s ou s . C i i T hu s m hr st d sa th , I h on ou r y F ath e r , an
’

i
aga n , v l ifi d T
‘
I ha e
g or w e mi i h ee on th e e a r th ,
’
h e r e the n s te r s ,

p s tor s a n
a d f h Ch te a c h e r s l i
o it f e i u r ch a r e to e ar n n t he r u n c t on s

to ima h at d —t es e m env l w i s t h a t th e y ay s a e s ou s hi c h s a gr ea t
i f wi d m d l if G d w hi h i
po n t o s o an gd f ll
or i y o c s the en o a th n gs . 1

w v l
,

W her e [ h ] en c e b h
th ose p ast or s are r ep r o a e t a t s e e k r ather

to w i n i t he i b i h l i b
r own p r a s e i d y nk or n e a rn n g, y d a r k e n n g an

ob i i
s cur n g i wi h l d
t he r p reac h n g s d th t e C o u s o f p hi l os op hy a n th e
t on g u e s , d r a wi i w v lng asC i t ifi d ere a ei b e for e hr st cru c ed , an

co v i M f wi h
er n g os es f
’
m ace d twi a s c ar that e n s ho u l n ot th op en

S mi th
1
an tici
pates the fi r st an s w er of th e Westm i n ster S nor ter
j
Ca teclzi sm Man en oy him
’
of 1 64 7 s Chi ef en d i s to gl ori fy G od an d to
for e er
”
v .

50
 I n k h o r n L ea r ning
f ac e see t h e g l or y
G i f of od ,tha n the p r a s e o G o d an d the c on

v i er s o n m lof en s b ’
i i s ou s i w h o a r e r a the r y th s k n d of p r e a c h n g
st i
ll k e p t i n th e
d i l l un g e on o f g n or a n c e an d pa p a b e d a r k n e s s th a t
th e D a y S tar , J C i , i esu s hr st c a n n ot a r s e in their h e ar ts ; so th a t
th i is k i
n d of pr e a c h ng is r a th e r to p u t o u t t h an t o op en th e e ye s

o f li
the b nd .
” 1

Such x p si y p achi g d liv d wi h th suasiv

e o to r re n ,
e e re t e e

cha m and f v u which Smi th had t c mmand was

r er o r a o ,

full f at ac i n f h s s i usl y in t s d in ligi n

o tr t o or t o e er o ere te re o .

A man f Smi t h s ans p a t sinc i y and u t s p k n

’
o tr re n er t o o e

di c n ss w uld t b wi th u t pp n n ts and i w uld

re t e o no e o o o e ,
t o

a pp a e ha in th y a 6 h pp si i n was gain
r t t e e r 1 02 t e O o t o

ing s ng th Ludding n h f m ci y p ach

t re . to ,
t e or er t re e r,

was s till wi hin ach d had l yal su pp s t re ,

an o o r te r .

Div s m f g d p lac w
er ,
en o s iv und Smi h soo e,
”
ere re t e er t
’

s a ching p aching Hi f i nds f l t i d si abl

e r re . s r e e t e r e to
s cu his p si i n and
e re l av i d p nd n t h
o t o n ot e e t e e e on t e

annual v t f th C p a i n A t a m ing in
o e o e or or t o . ee t

S p mb 6 th y pass d a s lu i n f
e te e r, 1 02 , e e re o t o or

“ b
A g r a n t to e e n gr o s se
d i f li
a n d se a l e , a s s u r n g
d or f e th e
i M J
s ti p en d h e r e t ofo r e p a d t o r mi
oh n S th , the p r e a c h e r l o n g .

i l v v
s n c e e e c te d to p r e a c h e e r y S u n d ay i n t he a ft er n o on , a n d e e r y

W d d e n es ay vi d lw
i n th e for e n oo n , p r o de a a ys tha t h e b e n ot

ab se n tf m x iro l bv w
th e e e c u t on of hi s p ace a o e t e n ty- o n e d a ys i n
a x i
yea r , e c ep t i t b e t hrou g h s c kn e s s i d l or el s e s u ts an tr ou b es in
i
l a w , a n d d ur n g ab s e n c e t ha t h e n
fi d m a n oth e r an to s u pp l y hi s
p l a ce at hi s ow n c h a r g e .
” 2

B t in h n x m n t h th
u t ewas a sudd n hang f
e t o e re e C e o

f ling O O c t b 3 h was h discussi n ab u

ee . n o er 1 t e re ot o o t
th ma e I was d cla d ha t Smi h is
t te r ,
“
t lic ns d e re t t n ot e e

to p ach and
re is p s n inhibi d b y t h L d at re e t te e or

B ish p f his di c s f m h x cu i n f his minis t y

o o t o e e ro t e e e t o o r

1 l e B r igi d Mor n i ng S tar pp 1 6 7— 1 73 , . .

9
L i n col n Corpor at i on M i n u tes, v ol v , p 1 4 . . . .

5 1
 Smi th H elw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

and p aching Th ag m n t s cu ng his s ti p nd

re .
”
e re e e e ri !
e

was v k d and h was dismiss d f m his ffi c Th

re o e , e e ro o e . e

ci y fa th s t nc p c d d t fill p th p s t M
t er a o
“e ro ee e o u e o . r.

L udding t n was l c t d p ach o f t h ci ty b y nin e e e re er o e e

v ic s v M D l bi f wh m n n w g v n
o e o er r. a e or o o e er e i e .
” 1

Smi th w th at n d t b ing an ac t i n agains t th

no re e e o r o e

C p at i n f Linc ln f th pay m n t f his annui ty

or or o o o or e e o .

Th May e wi th th c ns n t f his C uncil mad a

or e o e o o e

c un t m v by x hibi t ing a t icl s un t th L d

o er o e e r e o e or

B ish p f th Di c s agains t Smi h f his

o o e on us e e t or e rr o eo

d ct in and undu t aching f matt s f ligi n and

o r e e e o er o re o

p s
er onal p aching t m in
ret his i y a en C t .
”

H w h mat ials f a fi dis p u t Th

e re ere t e er or ne e . e

o p p n n t s f L udding t n b s t i
o e o d th ms lv s t nc o e rre e e e a o e.

I t was s n cl a that th w uld b

oo chanc f
e r e re o e no e o

ha m ny wi h i h Ludding t n Smi h as ci ty
r o t e t er o or t

p reach and a man

e r, f l ss p n unc d p ini ns was o e ro o e o o

s ugh t T h l c ti n f Dalby s m d t b a w y t
o . e e e o o ee e o e a ou

o f t h di fficul ty and t h ugh

e v t d f him in
,
o no one o e or

O ct b t Jul 8 6 h was “ l c t d ach

oy er, y 3 e on p ,
1 0 e e e e re er

by v ic s v M Ludding n f wh m n n w
12 o e o er r . to or o o e e re

giv n t hav a y a l y s i p nd f 3 f p aching

e ,
o e e r t e o 0 or re on

Sunday m ning and W dn sd y aft n ns T his

or e e a er oo .
”

app in t m nt was sa tisfac t y and Dalby tain d th ffic

o e or ,
re e eo e

t ill his p lac was d cla d vacan t e Jul y 4 6 8 e re on 2 ,

1 0 .

B t th C p a i n had
u e t d n wi h J hn Smi h
or or t o no o e t o t ,

wh was a m
o f s lu t p tinaci ty H p ss d his
an o re o e er . e re e

claim A t th s m t im cha g s w laid agains t him

. e a e e r e e re

for m b ld and s ta tling u a c s c nc nin g th

so e o r tte r n e o er e

L d s P ay which w all t li k ly t giv is t mis

’
or r er e re oo e o e r e o

1
p 18 wR i char d S mi th , a ttorn ey. was To n C l erk of Li n c ol n at

J
. .

this t i me . Was he a ki n sm an of ohn S mith 7

52
L o r d Sh effi eld P r e sid en t of t he N o r th ,

app h nsi n I hav b c m s t ang l y aduc d h

re e o . e e o e r e tr e ,
e

o
“
c m p lains f th d c t in I t augh t f th L d s or e o r e t ou o e or
’

P ay r T h ma t
er . in dis p u t was ul timat ly f d
” 1
e t er e e r e e rr e

to E dmund L d Sh ffi ld and s tt l d t th mu ual

,
or e e e e o e t

sa isfac i n f h s c nc n d I t was b caus f this

t t o o t o e o er e . e e o

f i ndly and succ ssful a bi t a ti n hat Smi th v n t u d

r e e r r o t e re

t o d dicat th l c tu s which had b n

e e g und f
e e re ,
ee on e ro o

t h dis p u t
e L d Sh ffi ld wh n h p t t h m t th
e, to or e e e e u e o e

p ss n x t y a
re e e r.

d hi
F or that you r Lo r s p ,S mi h h d m i s ays t , a th e an ag n g of

th e f di
cau se o wix m
ff er e n c e b et d m i t y a cc u s e r s an e c on c er n n g

th i i
s o c c a s on , a n d H wi l d i bl for th at you r on o u r so se y an c h ar ta y
co mp o u n d e th e
d v b m f
c o n tr o er sy on ot h p ar ts to t h e c on te n t en t o

i d ip m
e th e r of u s you r L or j l ll il sh ight u st y c ha en ge a gre ater t t e

her ein than an y other w v hat soe er .

A cc ding ly h or d dicati n uns T th Righ t t e e o r : o e

H n u abl E dmund L d Sh ffi ld L d L i u t nan t

o o r e ,
or e e ,
or e e

and P sid n t f H i Maj s ty s C uncil s ablish d in

re e o s e
’
o e t e

h N th
”
t e or .

E dmund Sh ffi ld ( 54 6— 64 6 ) w an a n s t P
e e 1 1 as e r e ro

te ts an H c mmand d th shi p Whi B in

t . e o e e te ea r

th efigh t agains t th S p anish A mada H was e r . e

d signa d f h p s t f P sid n f th C uncil in h

e te or t e o o re e t o e o t e

N h in th summ f
o rt and was app in d L d
e er o o te or

L i u nane f Y k shi
te A ugus
t o in ha y a A or r e on t 1 t t e r .

l was di ct d him S pt mb 6 6 4 , aid

e tt e r re e to on e e er ,
1 0 to
F ancis B wn in h x cu i n f t h ffic f R gis
r ro e t e e e t o o e o e o e

t a r f all
r ol i i l caus s wi thin th P vinc
e c c e s at c a f e e ro e o

Y k Wh n th civil w b k t Sh ffi ld sid d
or . e e ar ro e ou e e e

wi h th Pa liam n t th ugh i m an t a g at p s nal

t e r e ,
o t e re er o

l ss W can und s tand tha t Smi th w uld c iv

o . e er o re e e

1 P r eface to A P ater n e of Tr u e P r ayer , 1 60

5
—
.

9 Cal en dar cy S tate P ap er s : D omesti c S er i es, 1 60

'

3 10 , p . 24.

53
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

sym pa th tic t at m n t t th hands f such a m b t it

e re e a e o an , u

is t li k l y tha t L d Sh ffi ld w uld b all pl as d

no e or e e o e at e e

to hav his nam c nn c d wi h a b k which Smi“ h

e e o e te t oo t

hims lf d sc ib s as
e
“e r i t ie a w i t i g and so ou s r n
”
so
p su s

dang us a t ac te ro r ta e .

Th v y i l f th w k A P t n f T u
e er t t
“ e o e or a er e o r e
,

P ay indicat d th pini n f i au th tha t th

r er
”
e e o o o ts or e

L d s P ay d s gn d b us d t m uch as a
’
or w r er as e i e to e e no so

p y a
r b ter as a m u d l in acc danc w i t
o h w hich
e h or e t e

p y a
r s f all
er m o sh uld b f m d
en I t h R oman e ra e . n e o

Ca h lic Chu ch h P
t o N t
r had b n g ssl y
t e a ter os er ee ro

abus d and s i us ff t had b n mad t ch ck

e ,
no er o e or ee e o e

t h p p ula
e o
p ini n t ha t s
r O m magical o fficac y a t d d o e e te n e

i t ba
s ci tal Th c nvinc d P t s tan ts s gh t
re r e . e o e ro e ou t o

gua d agains a p ti i n f that vil Th y disc u

r t re e t o o e . e o r

a g d th f mal
e e f h L d s P ay
or u se o and th m t e or
’
r er e o re

s t nu us S p a a is ts ac u ll y d cla d it b w g t
re o e r t t a e re to e ro n o

u se i in p ublic w shi p
t T h y did t full y
or alis h . e no re e t e

p lac which
e i had w in h t af f c i ns f t h onp pl t e e t o o e eo e.

J hn Smi th s l c tu s p n his subj c t which t

o
’
e re
“ 1
U o t e no
,

1
Th e t i tl e ru n s : “A
P a ter n e of Tr u e P r ay er , A l ea r n ed a n d com
E xpos i ti on or Com men t a r i e upon tlze L or d s P r ay er w/ zer ei n tl ze
’

D oct r i n e of fi re su bsta n ce a n d ci r cu m s tan ces Of tr u e i n v oca ti on i s ev i den tly

a n d f ul ly decl a r ed ou t o
f ! b e b ol i e S cr i t u r es
an d P r eacher of t he Wo rd o f G o d — A t L on d on
p B y I O H N
m
S I T H ,

b
M in
F
i s t er
.

l i
M
, I p ri n te d y e x

K gi t f or Th o m a s Ma n , a n d a r e t o b e s ol d at hi s shO i P t n os ter
-
n s o n a e r

R ow a t the sig n e o f the T al b o t,

p n

I h a e con su l ted th e fin e c o py i n v
Y ork Mi n ster L i br a r , a l so the Co

b ears th e au tog raph o f

y py i n
Ka thet en Wi l k en son
th e B r i
”
ti sh M u se u m L i b r a ry, h i ch wfi .

a n other c opy o f the rs t

e d i t ion is i n R e en t s P ar k Ba tis t C ol l e e Lib ra r of thi s

’
g ’ g T h e n t r y
b ook at S tati on ers H al l i s as fo l l o s
p

“2 2 Mar ti 1 60
y
w e .

] [ 5]
Master Man E n te r ed fo r thei r co py v n d er the han d s of the
S en i o r
Thom as Man or ex osi c on V
w
ar d en s A b oo k e cal l e d A p a te rn e o f tr u e P r aye r

h
’
D ne b o hn J
p pp o n t e l or d s p r a er
y o y .

”
J un . S mythe & c o f Li n col n
”
. . v jd .

Arb er s T ran s cr i pt, i i i 2 8 5 Ed 1 8 76 . . . .

T hi s b ook was repri n te d v er bat i m ci l i ter a t i m i n a n eat an d han dy form i n

54
 Ch r is tian R ead er
To t he

o e
“
l ng sinc h says w i ting in 6 5 I d liv d t th e r 1 0 e er e o e
, ,

e ar e s of a f w b ing t h n L c tu in th C iti f Li
e e e e re r e e o n

c ln
o e, im p tan t f indica ting his p ini ns t
”
a re so or or o o a

t his t im tha t w ma k la g
e x t ac ts and giv his pis tle e r e e r e e e
“t th Ch is t ian
R ad in full ”
o e r e er .

“T o T HE CH R I S T I AN RE A DR
E ,

lvd m vl
Be o e ar e n ot tha t a ft er so man y e xp os ii
t on s u p on

i m l
,

the L or d P r ayer t h b e i t h ad
ph et s tep p e th if
’
s s pa up as so

so m i id
et h n g t o s a y b e swies h ch h ath b ee n a rea dy s p ok e n th a t l .

i m
T o con fe s s th e tru th I g u e s s t ay o c c as on t h e u d c o u s r ea d er i j ii
i m i w d vi w
to en te r n to a or e n ar e f
’
o C hr s t s p u p o
r se i n r
p op o u n d
r i
i n g t h at p raye r l
P er h a p s a s o th e m a n n e r of ha n d l n g the i
v i i m i v m li i
.

se er a l p e t t o n s ay g e so e g ht B u t m y n te n t w a s n on e
i i i l
.

of th e s eW . d h en I n t en d e t o p u b l s h th e tr e a t s e on y the
l f m
c e ar i n g o lf m j y s e f ro i i un i
u s t ac c u s a t o n s an d th e sa t s fy n g o f a

few fr i d mv men s o edv b d e t h er e t o . B ut w h ats oe er it e an ho w

s oe v er u tter e d i ( i
I p r ay the e of c har ty t o c on str u e a th n g i n di ffe r
l
e n t y d on e ) b
t o th e f
e tter p ar t, e sp e c a y t hos e q i
ew u es t on s i ll
r es o lv l i
e d i n t he at ter en d o f th e tr ea t s e i
I d o h e r e n g e n u ou s l y
ii mw i
.

c on fe ss m f m
th a t I a far ro the o p n on of t he h c h s e p a r a te

fr o m ou r m C hu r c h m f (
c on c e r l h ng th e s et for o r
p ya e r a th o u g
fr o m m so m ive of fm th e i C mb i )
I r ec e ed p a r t o y e d u c at on in a r d ge
v i v
,

f or 1 do m er ly a s su r e ys el f, u p on s u ch gr ou n d s a s I ha e
de li v er e d i f m f
i n t h e tr e a t lw l
se , t h at a s e t or o r
p ya e r i s n ot u n a f u
wi l ld
.

Ye t M as os e s the p e op e of G o c o u
d
s hed th at r
p p al l
o h es y,
wi l f ld iv
,

s o do I s h t h a t a l l t he p e o G d
p e o o co u c on c e e p y , the
r a e r

[ ]
r a th e r for t ha t b e c a u se l w b
p er son a l i
an t s , j m
e ss n g s a n d u d g en t s

ar e n ot c o m i d i l l pr di se i v l i m
p a r t c u a r y ac cor ng to t h e r se er a c rcu

s tan c e s ihm ib l b d v i d W
a n y fo r of p r a yer p os s y to e e se . her e for e I
des i re m
th a t mi m no i i an j s ta ke e in th s tr e a t se . I do u dge th a t
th e r e i d i
s n o on e ii d i i
o c tr n e or O p n on c on tr a r y to t h e oc t r n e of th s

1 62 4 . Lo n don P r in ted b y .

b y Will iam S heffar d , I ob a B el l a mi e an d B en i am i n F i sher

J
D fo r Th om as Man an d ar e t o b e sol d .

T he fac t that
.

i t c on tai n ed pl en ty of g ood s er m on m a ter i al il l a ccou n t for this reprin t w .

C u ri ou s l y en ou gh , thi s sec on d e d i tio n has freq u en tl y be en assig n ed to

a n o th er

x J
o h n S m i th P reacher of the Wo r d at C l a erin g i n E sse , who
e pou n d e d the L or d s P ra er in his E ssex D ov e
’
,
”
v x
y .

55
 S mit h ,
Hel wys
and B ap tis t Or igins
Ch urc h i l l hi
n a t is p t w h
tr actat e , f I h p i n r es ll fi dec er e o o e t sha n

m or e i diff
n h h d
e r e n t c en su r e a t A d f t y mi ani s. n or th at s c on c e t
w hi c h so m e v
p er h ap s i d ha h
e i fhd i
e n ter ta ne at th e e ar n g o t e oc tr n e

w h e n I t au g h t i Li l d l f ly d l p
n n co n I o a s o as r ee an tru y r otest that
v d dmi ( I bl G d f Hi m ) bl ph m
,

I ne er ur st a t e ss o or s er c y so as e ou s a

t h ou gh t i m mi d
n to y mi w h h
n as to p s ur m m l
se et er the r ayer c o on y
ca ll ed the L d or
’
b s hP r ayer w hi h C h i e t h hi
e p r ayer c r st t au g t s

di isc pl es or n o . F d wi m or I o i b th h m y s oul c on fe s s t to e t e sa e

p r a ye r i n b su whi Ch d liv d hi d i i l
stan c e ch r i st e er e to s sc p es .

Th f
er e or e I p h r ay l d w v
t ee, g en t e r ea er , hos oe er thou a rt , t o

acc e p t thi s i d bl m
t r e at s e an i to h a h m f e n ec e ss ty r at er t an e or

p b
u l is h i ng i t h h
F or t d l
e i
p i h m l
r ase an I f d
s ty e , t s y o e c on e ss a n

l i i d b fi f h l l d
.

p a n, f or d I o n ot n te n th e en e t o t e s ty e to the ear n e

b ut to th e l df
u n e ar n e b d or di
th e f m
ette r u n er s tan n g o th e a tter .

T he tr u t h d h m li
an om w le n e ss d th
ay hiel s or t tog eth er , an e tru t s

n ot to b j d f h pl i
e r e e c te or I wi h h
er m i
a n n e ss , r ath er s t at en n

h ea v m en l y ld f m m lv
atter s c ou ra p e i yth ef h se es t o th e ca ac t o t e

m e a n e st , w hi h i c s the i h l dm
s u r es t w a y, s ee n g t at ear n e en c an

un d er s tan d hi g p l i l d l v
t n s d b a n y l d e i er e ut t he un e arn e c an n ot

iv i x b d li v d l
,

c on c e e th e i d
e as e st oc tr n e s e f c ep t th ey e e er e a so a ter
an e a sy m wi h m l m
a n n er t dho e h
y fa N w il i ar an e a sy sp e e c es o

ib hi pl i mi hi i
.

if an y m an a ttr u te t s d i a n n e s s of ne u se n t s tr ea t se

i
t o gn or an c e d w an f kil l w illan t o d v s w dh I n ot e n ea our to ee t at

p j
re u d ic e ou t o f i m i d hi s p nf i
se e n g b p f
th a t I r o es s t to e a ar t o

m y s tu d y t o s p k pl i l ea A d a n y h n i I s ee n o r eason t a t, s ee n g

i f h mi d i p h ld
.

s p ee c h i s th e n ter p r et er o t e n th e n ter r e ter s ou

v v i
,

[ha e ] n ee d f o i an other
p m m n ter S r eter or c o en tar y. o, cr a ng

aga n i h
t y c har ta e i bl I b id h h
c e n sure , il f w ll i h t ee ear t y ar e e n t e

L d or . f
P r ay or u s b h ret r en .

T hi i Ch i J ne n r st esu s ,

I O HN S M I T H.

Smi th fi st n t s u p n c tain g n al c nsid a

r e er o er e er o er

t i ns
o
“
and th n d sc nds t th pa ticu l a x p si ti n
e e e o e r r e o o

o f h w ds
t e f h p ay
or and c nclud s wi h c tain
o t e r er o e t er

cu i us qu s ti ns which w uld b f ui tful in sugg s i n t

r o e o o e r e t o o

t h a t n t iv
e te ad H was w ll awa f th pini ns f
e re er . e e re o e o o o

t h S p a a t is t s
e e t h qu s t i ns h was handling b t h
r on e e o e ,
u e

56
 Smi th Hel w ys and B a p tis t Or igins ,

d vi d
e se h p i f A
c o n tr a r y
C d ll to t e r a c t ce o the n c ien t hu r c h an a

C i if m
,

th e R ef m dC or d m ve hu r c h e s i n hr sten o w ho h a e an u n or or d e r

f p b li lm h v w d
,

o u d c m f m
p r a yer , on e an th e s a e a o st i n t e er y or of or s,

an d l i p fi m ha i n l y c onh l d— i r et u s, n the p r e s e n t t r u th w e o t ha t i t s
l wf l
a u to i [ ] i
u sethe p rayer s n th e S c r p t u r e s , or a n y o th er p r a ye r s
m d b
a e S i f G d y t he
h d a n ts o h o to ou r an s c on son an t to t e

S ip
” 1
cr tu r e s .

P E R S E CU TI O N

Wi h ga d t p s cu i n which h was d s in d t
t re r o er e t o ,
e e t e o

e x p i nc m k nl y in c m ing days Smi h x p ss d

er e e o re ee o ,
t e re e

th vi w ha it was a sin
e e
“ I is a i
t
“c mmi d
t .
”
t S n o tte
u p n h p s ns tha w shi p G d and tl t i h
o t e er o t or o za e t er

u[ p n th p s ns] f h P ach s [ f h ] P f ss s
o e er o o t e re er or o t e ro e or

o f h tu h which is a manif s indigni y ff d v n

e tr t , e t t o ere e e

un G d hims lf f h Mini s
to o G ds e : or t e s te r ar e o
’

A mbassad s and v y u p f ss is a m mb f
or e er tr e ro e or e er o

Ch is Wh f as h P inc is h n disg ac d
r t . e re o r e t e r e t e r e

wh n his ambassad is sham fully in a d is h

e or e tr e t e ,
so t e

L d dish n u d in H i Minis
or s d m ss ng s A d
o o re s te r an e e er . n

as Ch is was abus d wh n his b dy w c ucifi d u p n

r t e e o as r e o

th c ss
e is h als w wh n h m mb s f his
ro ,
so e o no e t e e er o

m ys ical b dy p s cu t d
t o a re er e e .
” 2

CH CH H O F FI CE R S OF RI S T S
’
U RC

I his c mm t
n h claus T hy K i gd m c m
o en on t e e n o o e

Smi h p aus s c nsid Wh

t h ffic s de to o er, at a re t e o e an

ffic s f his K ingd m ? Hi nsw is ins uc iv as ”

o er o t o s a er tr t e

sh wing h w f h w f m b ing sa isfi d v n his

o o ar e as ro e t e ,
e e at t
tim wi h h hi a chy and d s f cl gy f und in h
e, t t e er r or er o er o t e

1 1 bid . p . . 10.
11
P 84 . .
 Chu r ch O ffi c er s
A nglican Chu ch W m y n t ic t r t ha t h
. al ad ye a o e, oo, e re

s p ak s in this w k f th bish p as th Magis t at

e
“ or o e o e r e

E ccl sias t ical

” 1
e .

h T d ffi
e offi c es an (b i d h th w
o m
c er s es es t ose at er e te p o r a ry

an d x e di tr a or p h A l
n a ry a s v g li )
Pro h e ts , p os t e s E an e s ts ar e t es e

l wi
,

fo l o ng

h fiT e i hi
r s t o ffi ce ffi i s ll d
t eac n g, a n d t h at o ce r s ca e a D oc tor .

T he d i x i
s e c on ffi i
s e ldhor t n g , an d th a t o c er s c al e a P a s to r .

Th i d ffi i l i
e th r d o fi ce ll
s ru ld i
n g , an tha t of c er is ca e d an E er n

th Ch
“
e f ur ch o d i l d i
E n gl a n he s ca le a B s h op .

f
The h ffi i i ib i
o u rt d o ffi
ce is dll ds tr u t n g , an th a t o c er s ca e a

D e ac on .

“ fi f h ffi i h w i m w i h ffi i ll d
T he t o ce s s e ng er c y, h c o c er s ca e a

wid w o .

T he se ll d w ar e am 7 s et o n Ro xi i . 8
h q i b w
.
, .

T e u es t on s f m d C tha t h ar e et e en t he Re or e hu r c e s c on

i
c er n n g ffi d ffi
t he s e o f ce s a n h d
o c er s I o p u r p o s e , s p ar e t o an l e ,

b i fi db d l wi
,

e ng b oth u n m t to ff d e Oa te th e an o th t o o e n nl
y I sh
.

that v i mi b d d b C il
s u c h c o n tr o er s e s hght e e n e y o u n c s a n d t a t th e

mi
”
p ea c e f Co th e b hu r c h g ht e k e p t .
11

I d awing his g n al c nsid ati ns th

n r e erand o er o on e u se

abus f th L d s P ay t a cl s Smi h w t as
e o e or
’
r er o o e, t ro e

f ll ws
o o

A m s a i b il d h w ill fi v pl f m
an g o n g to u an ou s e r st ha e a at or or

an i d i i d di w
ea n h s he a a c c or w il l m i ng h er e u n to h e fr a e h s ho u s e
so th e L ord i id’
s P r ayer wh b v s an ea or p atter n e re y e er y tr u e
p r a ye r i s fr a m e d .

l
A th o u g h t h i s b e the m os t e x ll
ce en t an d p er fec t p a tfor m
l of

p r a ye r a n d p y
r a e r th a t e v er was de vi s ed ,
ye t c o n s i i d er ng th a t i t
l l
,

is on y g en er a p r a ye r a n d ha r d to b e u s e d a r i g h t a s C hr i s t
a

i l
h m se f u s e d it , th er ef or e i t m ay s e e m tha t a p ra ye r c on c e e d iv
a c c or d in g t o th i s p r a yer i s a s a c c ep tab e , l if n ot m or e accep te d of

2
f
A P a ter n e o Tr ue P r ay er , Ep i stl e D ed i ca tor y .

[ bid , p 90
. . .

59
 Smi th ,
H elwys and B ap tis t Origins
G od than th s p ra yer i
F or th ou gh the Lor d s P r a yer i s b etter
.
’

tha n a n y ot her p r aye r , yet a m an m ay an d c an an d d oth u s e hi s

ow n c o n c e iv
ed p r ayer b e tter than h e can u se t h e Lor d s P r aye r
’
.

An d p rayer i s ac c ep ted or n ot ac c ep te d of G od ac cor d n g as it i

i l
i s r g ht y u s e d or ab u s e d i fi l
An d th s i s p r o tab e f or the ign or a n t
.

l i
p eop e to th n k i i i i l l b i
u p on , c on s d er ng th e r n to er ab e a u s n g of the
L or d s P r aye r
’
m m . v
T hu s f u ch 1 a y s uffi c e to ha e s p ok e n o th e
l i i f
ge n er a con s d er at on o the L o r d
’
s P r ayer .
” 11

J hn Smi h s main x p si i n f th s v al claus s

o t
’
e o t o o e e er e

o f this p ay was s und and h l p ful and w uld b

r er o e ,
o e

g n ally acc p abl t th tim B t his mind was

e er e t e a e e . u

o f an ag inqui ing u and h was t sa isfi d t

e e r, r t rn , e no t e o

let w ll al n Th w c ain lat d t pics

e o e e re er e er t re e o

h calls t h m — u sid
.

“ x t avagan t qu s i ns
e r e ht o
”
e e o t e t e
,

main sc p f his h m i which h was vid n ly

o e o t e e, n e e e t

d p l y in s d and h s v d h m f t atm n t
ee te r e t e , e re e r e t e or re e at

t h cl s
e f his b
o e o k T h s t ing was in th ail Th
oo . e e t . e

qu s ti ns w uld b p v ca tiv b h f th ugh and f

e o o e ro o e ot o o t o

o
pp si i n
o T h t
y chall
o ng . d t h a t t n i nef all f mal e e e e t o o or

and sli p sh d ligi nis ts o re o

W C i v L d th e
’
1. he ther d hr st e er r
p ya e or s P r ayer P
H2 . f C i ow o d t d
hr st u s e d the Lor
’
s P r ayer , an how ?
Wh C i l w f the L or d
’

3 . e ther
ll d hr s t s p ak e a an on y the or d s o s
P r aye r P
H4 .

’
v li M w d L k d iff i p i
ow th e E a n ge sts atthe an u e er n hr a s ng

th e Lor d s P r ayer ?
5 . Who p r aye th b es t, he tha t sayeth the Lor d
’
s P raye r , or he
” 9
t h at s ayeth n ot the Lor d s P r ayer P
’

ach E of th s qu s ti ns is discuss d
e e e o e . He sums up

his answ er t th s c nd in t h s t ms
o e e o e e er

“ i fl Br e th en , C i wi
hri s t u se d th ra er t c e, b u t it c an n ot
y , s p y

1
w
A con tem p orary an n otato r r i tes here in d ig n an tl y i n the marg in of the
Y o rk Mi n ster cc y T oo m u ch e
”
.

Tr u e P r ayer , pp 3 1 — 33, 34
’
2 A P ater n e 0

P p, 1 78 —1 8 2
. .

3
.

60
 T W O Ver si o ns f t he L o r d s P r ay er
’
o

c er ta n il y b e d eter m n e d i
heth er h e u se i t o te n er , w d f i ne ther c an

it be v p r o e d th at t he l
A p os t e s u s e d i t o f ten
”
.

H i discussi n f th thi d and f u t h qu s t i ns is

s o o e r o r e o

ins t uc tiv as v aling his adin ss t fac and f ly

r e re e re e o e re e

e x amin s m f th d ifli l ti a ising f m div g nci s

e o e o e cu es r ro er e e

in th G s p l na a tiv s I vi w f his subs qu n t

e o e rr e . n e o e e

p culia
e
p ini nr as to t h foH l y Sc i p t u i to e u se o o r re

m y b a w ll t t t his t at m n t f th s
e e o se ou re e o e e

p in
o t s .

T th qu s ti n as t wh th
o e e Ch is t s p k nl y th
o o e er r o e o e

w ds f this p ay h says
or o r er, e ,

Th w i l j
e an s er l f i s on b p v d h h
y c on e c t u r a or t c an n ot e ro e t at e

u sed v w d d w b h E v li T
t he e ry or s set i o n yt e an g e s ts . he r e a s on s

for Ev
that th e li d d w
an g e ll d l hw
st s u s e to se t o n n ot a an on yt e or d s

w i h Ch i p k b h m d b
h c r st s a e, f m A d f
ut t e su an su s t an c e o th e . n i
i b
t d
gr an te th a t the
e Ev li
a n ge s ts h v d
a e i i l
on e t n o th e r p ac e s w h y

m ay the i i ll i v li d
y n ot o t n t h s , e sp e c a y see n g t h e E a n g e s ts
d i i o

di i w d
ff er n i i m fC i m l
h r s t s sp eec h es , a s , n a e y,
’
or s i n r e c t n g an y o

i d
t he B e a t t u e s A d hi
n t s ot h n ot
d an y w i ll
h t ca
i q i h h f C i lS i
.

n to u e st on t e tr u t b d o h an on c a cr p t u r e s , ut ot h r at er

co mm d en i i f wi d m d
u n to u s th ew wi hsp r t o s o an tr u t h he r e th t ey

sp a ke , i h di v n wi
t at i ff i w d ill g i
er s
'

r ter s d er n g in or s st a r ee n

matter an d su b s tan c e of d octr in e .

”

h n aft
T e , er c nsid ing th n x d p nd n t qu s ti n
o er e e t e e e e o

as t th di ffo e er e nc s f th tw f ms f th p ay h
e o e o or o e r e r, e

c n tinu s
o e

i
N o w b y th s i wix M w
d ffe r e n c e b e t t a t th e an d L u ke , w hi ch is
v bl m
er a n ot a te r a il i qth i s c on s e u en c e a r s e th , e i t he r t h a t t h e
v li d i l i m lv w
,

E an g e s ts di n ot s e b n d t h e se es t o th e or d s th a t
p r e c y
C i l i th e L or d in
’
hr dst u tter e or e s e d
tha t C hr s t u tt er e s a
p ye r
r

iv w d v l im w
,
”1
d er s or s at th e t w o se er a t es h en h e u tt er e d it .

1 P . 181 .

61
 S m i t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins ,

Wh n h d aws t a c nclusi n Smi th s till f ls hat

e e r o o o ee t
h has e t x haus d his subj c t noH says e te e . e

iv h d bD ier s f h ot er ou ts c on c e r n n g the u se o t e L or d
’
p r aye r
s

m b ay d b i i e fi bl m k d
r
p po o u n x ed , ut t s n ot p r o ta e to a e o u b ts , e c e p t

th a t t h e y l b w ll d i l v l m f
co u l i
d e e sso ed on y t h us uch or a c on c u s o n

o f i thi f s d tr e at w d Gd
se o p r a yer I ha r a th er s p ea k fiv e or s to o

di f i d f li
.

i n m
p y
r ade r fro u n e r s ta n ng a th an ee ng tha n s ay t he
L or d v h d im i
’
s P r aye r li l o er a t ou s a n t es g n or a n tl y, n eg g t
e n y or

ii l
s u p er s t t ou s y .
”

Wi th tha t Pa hi n sh t h w k nds I t v als t rt a o t e or e . re e o

us cl ly h th w i w f f m c mf tabl in
e ar t at e r te r as ar ro o or e

t h A nglic n Chu ch
e I all p b bili y h had l d
a r . n ro a t e a re a v

l f Linc l wh i was p ublish d and w mus t w

e t o n en t e , e no

e nd av u t t ac his f th m v m n ts
e o r o r e ur er o e e .

N OT E
S i n ce th i s c h a p t er wa s wi r tte n I h a
in v e m a d e f ur ther r e s e ar c h
i i
th e B s h o p s R e g s tr y o er t he E c he u er G ate a t L n c o n
’
v I t is x q i l
l iv i
.

C e a r fr o m th e a r c h e s t h er e , th a t S m th w a s n ot th e r e c tor b u t

on y l
t o n l e c t u r er w
a t S t P e t er a t Ar c he s N or d i d he tr ou b e l
l i i i
. .

to t a ke o u t a gen er a l c e n c e to p r ea c h I n th s he d ffer e d fr om
i
.

Ri c h a r d B er n ar d , w h o o b ta n ed a li c en c e on F eb r u ar y 2 , 1 59 9
r 6 oo t o p r e a c h t hr ou gh ou t th e hol e d o c e se of L n c ol n ( V o l w 2 8, i i
i
.

I n s ti tu tion s of B i shop Wi ll i a m Chader ton , fol 1 1 8 b ) S m th i s d e . .

s cr ib e d a s cl er i cu s conc i on a tor th e r e c tor of the C hu r c h i n hi s

i
t i m e w a s Ad a m G a r s d e , w h o for m a l y r e s gn e d on Ma r c h 2 8 , 1 6 0 4 l i
x i i
.

T h e n e t d ay W ll i a m D al b y w a s n stitu te d to thi s r e c tor y, o n th e

p r es en t a t on o f n g i w a s gKi
r a n t e d a g en e r a l p ac h n g
r e i
i
l c en c e I n h i s c a s e e er yth n g w a s i n or d er ( i bi d fol 2 2 0 b )v i
J wi lli w
. . . .

Th e Mayor , ohn B e c ke , th Al d er m an L eon ar d Ho n g ort h

xi il i
e h b ite d ar t c es a g a n s t S m th i n t h e B shop s C o u r t for s l an d er
’
i i
q i i
.

C on s e u e n tl y, on D ec emb er 9 , 1 6 0 2 the B s h op a p p oin te d a c omm s

i
s on t o s i t i n th e c hur c h o f S t P eter a t Ar c he s o n t he 1 4 t h , 1 5th , 1 7th ,
an d 1 8 th of a n u ar y 1 6 0 2 —3 to e a m n e
J
.

i tn e s s es an d r ep or t on x i w
th e c a se i
S m th h a d a p oor op in on of the B i s h op s C ou r t , a n d
’
i
il“ w
.

a pp e al e d fr o m i t on Ap r 6 t h t h e c a l l e d c o m p e te n t
5 1 0 3 o a
j u d ge s
”
, ,

T her e h a d b een s o m e c or r e sp on d en ce b et ee n S ir W m w
i i
. .

W y n A k —
r a a d t h e b s ho p a b ou t t h s c a s e ( S e e t h e c t B oo 1 6 0 2 9,
l i i l ,

i l i
.

o f t he E c c e s as t c a C ou r t of L n c o n , fo l os 3 ob 3 2 , 3 6 b , 3 7h , 4 oh .

4 1 b) .

62
 C HA P TE R IV

S E PA RAT I O N F R O M T H E C H U R C H O F E N G LA N D — S MI T H

AN D H I LD E R S HA M— S MI T H A N D B ER N A R D

c u s f v n s in th lif f J hn S mi th in h
THE o r e o e e t e e o o t e

t h f u y a s b w n h mina i n f his l c u
r ee o r o r e r et ee t e ter t o o e t re

shi p in L inc ln and his pp a anc as p as f a n wly

o a e r e to r o e

ga h d chu ch Gainsb ugh is di fficul t

t ere r acat o ro to t r e .

T h w y f a minis
e a suff ing und p isc p l dis
o te r er er e o a

lp as was ha d in h s days H migh g t s m

e u re r t o e . e t e o e

h l p f m a sym pa h ic n bl man and i is p s ibl

e ro t et o e ,
t o s e

t ha Smi h wt b f i nd d his im by S i William

t as e r e e at t t e r

W ay f Gl n w h and his g d wif F anc s H

r o e t ort oo e r e . e

migh t b sh l d by s m b h mini s f k ind d

e e t e re o e rot er te r o re

vi ws and hav ccasi nal p p t uni i s f s vic in

e ,
e o o O or t e o er e

p a ish rs wh h was
e li l li k lih
e re d f his
t p achere tt e e oo o re

ing b ing p t d t h bish p h E ccl sias ical

e re or e o t e o or t e e t
C m m issi n s H w uld na u all y g avi ta
o o er . ds e o t r r te t o w a r
th s f simila vi ws t his w and s ms
o e o r hav g n e o o n, ee to e o e

f m Linc ln h dis ic und Gainsb ugh and

ro o to t e tr t ro oro

th en h n p a s f N inghamshi A m gs h
o rt er rt o o tt re . on t t e

small f h ld s d c af s m n f his n ighb u h d

re e o er an r t e o t e o r oo

and th minis t s f h dis t ic h was a s g

e er o t e r t t ere t ro n
Pu i an l m n William Hic k man l d f h man
r t e e e t .
,
or o t e or

o f Gainsb ugh was a th ugh g ing Pu i an William

o ro ,
oro -
o r t .

B ws re p s f Sc
t er , b y h go a N t h ”
R ad o r oo on t e re t o rt o ,

had d n much g d in th c un y wh h liv d in

o e oo e o tr e re e e

63
 S m i th Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

p rom t ing and fu th ing ligi n t nly by his p

o r er re o ,
no o r ac

t ic and x am p l and p v k ing and nc u aging f

e e e, ro o e o r o

o th s b t by p cu ing g
er ,
u d p ach s t th plac s ro r oo re er o e e

th ab u t and d awing f th s t assis t and h l p

ere o ,
r on o o er o e

f wa d in such a w k h hims lf m s t c mm nly

or r or ,
e e o o o

d p s t in th cha g and s m tim s ab v his abili ty

ee e e r e o e e o e .

A im p tan t s c ti n f h Linc lnshi cl gy was

n or e o o t e o re er

ac tiv ly p ssing f a fu h f mati n in ligi n

e re or rt er re or o re o .

Th g und had b n p p a d f Smi th s lab u s H

’
e ro ee re re or o r . e

cam in t th dist ic t t find m a n s tl y discussing

e o e r o en e r e

t h v y qu s t i ns t ha t w
e er ccu pying his w mind
e o er e o o n .

Th h p s f t h Pu i t ans t ha t Jam s I
e o e o his acc s e r e . on e

si n t th th n w uld fav u a chang in th s tab

o o e ro e o o r e e e

li h d f m
s e f ligi n in E ngland d b ing it m
or o re o ,
an r or e

int acc d wi th th P sbyt ian d p vailing in

o or e re er or er re

Sc tland w s n dis p ll d Th H am pt n C u t
o ,
ere oo e e . e o o r

C nf nc and th l vati n f R ich d B anc ft

o e re e e e e o o ar ro

( 544
1 — 6 ) t t h 1 f Can
10 t bu y in 6 4
o and f e se e o er r 1 0 ,
o

T bi Ma t h w t t h
o e f Y k in 6 6 mad it cl a
t e o e see o or 1 0 ,
e e r

t ha t th Pu i tan p a ty w uld g t su pp t f m th
e r r o e no or ro e

C wn Th S at w uld t l nd a hand t h l p in
ro . e t e o no e o e

s tting p a pu Chu ch acc ding t th m d l which

e u re r or o e o e

th P sbyt ians b li v d t b indica d in th N w

e re er e e e o e te e e

T s t am n t
e Subsc i pti n was igidly nf c d th
e . r o r e or e on e

cl gy Th s pi i tual c u ts w l ft in undiminish d
er . e r o r e re e e

p ow N s
er. t p s w t a k n t
o m v minis
e t s w h er e e o re o e er o

w ld ou c uld t p ach Th va i us ul s and

n o t or o no re . e r o r e

re gulati ns which had b n issu d f g v ning Chu ch

o ee e or o er r

affai s w r w c ns lidat d in t a f midabl b d y

e re n o fo o e o or e o o

can ns o which th cl gy w t giv im p lici t

,
to e er e re o e

o b di nc A l l w t t th lin
e e e . ere o oe e e .

T h i n y f th si t ua ti
e ro was s n wh n asy g ing
o e on ee e e -
o

64
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

p re a hing
c T h Pu .i t an id al wase f a uni t dr R f m d e o e e or e

Chu ch ac ting as a b nd f uni n in h th k i gd ms

r o o o t e r ee n o
,

b in g ing ligi n h m th liv s f all th p pl and

r re o o e to e e o e eo e

lin k i g th na i n in b nds f sym pa thy wi th k ind d

n e t o o o re

R f m d Chu ch s in t h
e or e lands S pa a i n ap a t
r e o er . e r t o ,
r

f m h l ss s and dang s it inv lv d was dis tas t ful

ro t e o e er o e ,
e

to th Pu i tan I t was nly th p w f an v

e r . o e o er o o er

mast ing c nvic i n that c uld n v him t s v th

er o t o o er e o e er e

t i s ha t b und him t t h Chu ch f his fa t h s

e t o oSmi th e r o er .

t oo k c uns l wi th his f i nds u p n t h p in ts

o e issu r e o e o at e .

W hav his w admissi n hat h

e e o n
“ was dist ac t d t o t e r e o

and f b f h saw th t u th cl a d t his judg

ro e o re e e r e re o

m n t d c nsci nc H had t p ass th ugh p i d

e an o e e .
”
e o ro a er o

o f unc tain ty b f er h mad th g a t e o re s lu i n f e e e re re o t o or

s pa ati n Du ing t h ym f my d ub ing h

e r o . r e t e o o t ,
”
e
“
says which was 9 m n ths t th l as t I did many o a e e
,

ac ti ns a gui g d ub ting b t tha t I v f ll bac k f m

o r n o ,
u e er e ro

an y t u t h
r I saw I p ais G d I wi t h a g rd e o c an oo

c nsci nc d ny
o e e e .
” 1

A m ngs t t h s wi t h wh m Smi th c nf
o o e d t this o o e rre a

t im w e tw f his l d f ll w c ll gians w h d mand

er e o o o e o o e o e

p a tricula n t ic , A r hu Ho ild sham e 6

( 5 3 rt f r er 1 o

A shb y d la Z uch and R icha d B na d wh d sc ib d

e o ,
r er r ,
o e r e

e
“
hims lf as p h f f th W d f G d W k s p r eac e o e or o o at or o .

H ild sham was w ll b n

er T h u g h his m th e h -
or . ro o er e

was c nn c d wi th h R yal H us f E ngland Hi

o e te t e o o e o . s

p a nret s w a tt ach d t
er e t h R man Ca h lice fai t h o e o t o .

T h y s n t th i
e e t Camb idg n t ing him t
e r s on o r e, e er a

Ch is t s C ll g in 577 H was s n ca gh t in h
r
’
o e e 1 . e oo u t e

t id e f P t s t an t f ling which t h n
o ro e s gly in
ee , e ran t ro n
Camb idg and n unc d 1 l d fai th mb cing
r e, re o e 1 18 o ,
e ra

1 S mith s P a r a ll el es Cens ures, p 5

’
and . .

66
 P u r i tans and T i th e s
wi h th a d u f a c nv t h w ligi n Th
t e r o r o o er t e ne re o . e re

u p n his fa h wi hd w him f m th U iv si y t
o t er t re ro e n er t o

L nd n in nd i ng t s nd him
o o ,
te R m H fus d
o e to o e . e re e

to g o H . il
pp y t tahis junc t u h ugh a t h g d re , t ro e oo

ffic s f J hn I t n a m mb f Ch is t s C ll g h
’
o e o o re o e er o r o e e, e
,

was b ugh t th n ic f H n y E a l f H un i gd n
ro t o e ot e o e r ,
r o t n o ,

wi th wh s family his m h was a k in I n ha pp d

o e ot er . r eto en e

to m t y ung Hild sham in L nd n and x claim d

ee o er o o e e ,

A t hu w hy
r r, t th u l ng f m hy b k s l sing
ar o so o ro t oo ,
o so

much t im ? A las i h li d “ I shall ”

o no
e p g ,
s r, e re e ,

m t Camb idg
o re o B wh n I t n p his cas
r e .
” 1
ut e re o ut e

b f th E a l f H un t ingd n th w y w s n mad
e o re e r o o ,
e a as oo e

cl a f him t sum his sid nc in th Univ si y

e r or o re e re e e e er t ,

wh h g adua t d in 58 6 D i pp m t d f a F l l w
er e e r e 1 . sa o e o e o

shi p i his w c ll g h was gain b f i nd d by h

n o n o e e, e a e r e e t e

E a l f H un ingd n wh p
r o t d t df t p a t n H o o ro v e a s ea as ro . e

no w a p p in d him l c t uo te t A shb y and p vid d e r er a , ro e

for his main t nanc by s tt ling th im p p ia t e e e e ro r e

t i t h s u p n him f
e o lif an t g aci us in i ts lf and or e, ac r o e

lp asing th Pu i tan p a ty Th Pu i t ans w

e to e r r . e r er e c o n

t
s an tl y u ging t ha t t h im p p ia t t i t h s ali na d f m
r e ro r e e ,
e te ro

p a ro chial us s b y t h g de f t h m nas i s and e r ee o e o t er e at

t h i diss lu i n g an t d t laym n sh uld b again

e r o t o r e o e ,
o e

d v t d t ligi us p u p s s and s p cially t h

e o e o re o r o e , e e o t e
mai t nanc f a p aching minis t y
n e e o re r .

H ild sham had sca c l y b gun his minis t ial du t i s

er r e e er e

b f h was sus p nd d by Whi tgift th g und tha t

e o re e e e on e ro

h was
e t dain d and tha t his s m ns c n tain d
no or e er o o e

c tain im p in n t and v y unfi t s p ch s f h

er er t e er ee e or t e
audi t y T his was h p lud t a l ng s i s f
or .
”
t e re e o o er e o

p s
er e cu t i ns b caus o f his ,
unwillingn
e ss t c nf m
e o t e o o or o

1 B roo k
’
Pu r i ta n s ,
s p 337
. .

67
 Smi th He l w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

all th f ms and c m ni s f th Chu ch f which h

e or e re o e o e r o e

was a minis t I 59 3 h d ath f T h mas

e r. n 1 ,
on t e e o o

Wyd d w th incumb t H ild sham was p s n d

o es e en ,
er re e te
t o th living by t h E a l f H un tingd n and
e e r o o ,
so

b cam vica f A shby H h ld t h p s t in

e e r o . e e e o ,

S ip te f sus p nsi ns and much

o pp siei n t illo his O o t o

d ath Du ing his minis t y c nf c s f discus

e . r r o er e n e or

si n and th h a ing f s m ns w
o e ganis d by
e r o er o e re or e

him in c njunc ti n wi h n ighb u ing minis t s

o o t e o r er at

R p e B t n T n t and S tap nhill as w ll as t

to n , ur o -
ou - re e e a
“
A shb y which did u s p a k abl g d t b th minis s n e e oo o o te r
,

and p pl eo H ild sh m mad A shby f

e .
” 1
th t im er a e ,
or e e

b ing a Pu i an c n and a c ng nial p lac f fug

e , r t e t re o e e o re e

f or
p s cu t d
er e divin s T t his dis
e t ic t William B ad e . o r r

S haw ( 57 6 8 ) wi hd w wh n sus p nd d by
— 1 1 1 1 t re e e e

Whi tgif in 6 f fusing subsc ib H und

t 1 02 o r re to r e . e re er

th e h s p i abl
o f f A l x and R dich f S t p nhill
t e roo o e er e o a e ,

h had l isu
e t c mmi t t w i ing h vi ws f th
e re o o o r t t e e o e

Pu i tan pa ty wi h g d t Chu ch d and g v n

r r t re ar o r or er o er

m n t and th f m f ligi us abus s B adshaw s

e e re or o re o e . r
’

E nglish Pu i t ani m i i g th main r p ini

s ns fe c o n ta n e n e e o o o

th igid st s t f th s that call d P it

e r e or o issu d o e a re e ur an es ,
”
e

in 6 5 was f p im im p tanc b caus it gav

1 0 ,
o r e or e, e e e

d fini ti n t h h p s and d si s f th f ming pa ty

e o o t e o e e re o e re o r r

in th Chu ch f E ngland and t s m x t nt sh ap d

e r o , o o e e e e

t h i p lic y
e r o .

H ild sham ac t iv l y p m t d t h
er Mill na y P ti e ro o e e e r e

ti n w k ing in 6 3 f f m f h
”
o t th o e th ne 1 0 or e re o r o t e

Chu ch and t th Ham p t n C u C nf nc j in d

r ,
a e o o rt o er e e o e

in p s n ting a numb f qu s s t Jam s wi h a

re e er o re e t o e t
simila d in vi w Hi ac tivi ty th Pu i tan sid
r en e . s on e r e
1
B rook P u r i tan s, p 3 82
’
s IL, . .

68
 C o n fer en c e at C o ve nt ry
mad him a ma k d m and A p il 4 6 5 th
e r e an , on r 2 ,
1 0 ,
e

B ish p f L inc ln sus p nd d him f m his Vica ag

o o o e e ro r e .

I was w t ha t J hn Smi t h
t s lv d t c nf wi h
no o re o e o o er t

H ild sham u p n s m er f t h p in t s in which t h y w

o o e o e o e ere

ali k in t s d and which w f c d u p n th i

e ere te ,
e re or e o e r

att n ti n by h ac ti n f th ccl ias ical au th i ti s

e o t e o o e e es t or e .

T h c nf nc was h ld t C v n t y w hav Smi th s ’

e o ere e e a o e r ,
e e

w d f that and w
or or t ld ha t J hn D d and J hn
,
e are o t o o o

B a b n t k pa t in th dis p u ta t i n A a l y as
r o
1
oo r e o . s e r

1 59 5 H ild sham had discuss d s m

er f t h p in t s e o e o e o

a t issu in a l tt t a g n tl w man w h s ugh

e e er o e e o o o t

his advic ab u s pa a ting f m th c u pt minis t y f

e o t e r ro e or r r o

t h A nglican Chu ch
e T his l t was p ublish d wi h a r . e te r e t

r unning c mm n ta y it by F ancis J hns n B th

o e r on r o o .
2
o

Smi th and Hild sham th n w uld b w ll acquain t d er e o e e e

wi th h a gum n ts i th sid f th cas

t e r e on e er e o e e .

Th sul t f this c nf nc gav is s m mis

e re o o ere e e r e to o e

c nc pti n as t Smi h s p si ti n Th misund s tand

o e o o t
’
o o . e er

ing a s f m h id a that Smi h w n t in t h

ro e ro t e e t e o t e c on

f nc as a fully c nvinc d B wnis t

e re e S pa at is t o e ro or e r ,
”

h lding vi ws id nt ical wi h th mili tan t f ll w s f

o e e t e o o er o

H n y B e w and J hn G
r nw d This was f
arr o e o re e oo . ar

f m t h cas T h s t p s f his p g ss fai ly cl a

ro e e. e e o ro re ar e r e r .

F m b i g a Pu i n cl gyman dissatisfi d wi th th
ro e n r ta er ,
e e

c m ni s and d si ing f th f m in th A nglican

e re o e e r ur e r r e or e

Chu ch Smi h advanc d t th p si ti n that p isc pal

r , t e o e o o e o

au h i ty was u t l y unlawful and th b h s ts f

t or t er ,
e e e o

bish p s t w th th p a p th y w w i t n
o no or e er e ere r te on .

Th n x t s t ag was
e e ach d wh n h b cam c nvinc d e re e e e e e o e

1 ’
B rook s P u r i ta n s , 1L , p 1 9 . 6.

2 A Treati se of the Mi n i stery f

o the Church of E ngl and . S ee an te,

p 42. .
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igin s
,

t ha t i was incumb n t u p n t h fai t hful t wi hd aw f m

t e o e o t r ro

e v n a u Chu ch wh n it was c u pt in i minis y

e tr e r e o rr ts tr
and i f m f w shi p This was h p in t f discussi n
ts or o or . t e o o o

a t C v nt y o Smi th st ill ac k n wl dg d h Chu ch f

e r . o e e t e r o

E ngland t b a u Chu ch and it minis t y valid

o e tr e r s r ,

t h ugh b h w
o c u p t O ha g und it s ms
ot e re or r . n t t ro ee

h was inclin d
e wi hd aw f m c mmuni n w i th th
e to t r ro o o e

A nglican Chu ch and p babl y had al ad y ac d r ,

ro re te on

tha inclina i n b t wi t h u t as y t ga t h ing a s p a t

t t o , u o e er e ar e

re ligi us s ci y Th di a y B wnist B a wis t

o o et . e or n r ro or rro

re ga d d h A glican Chu ch as wh lly f ls f m

r e t e n r o a e ro

b t m t t p I t f undat i n was fals and by

o to o o . s o o e c on

s qu nc it minis t y was inv lv d in it falsi y I t was

e e e s r o e s t .

n ot t ill Smi h was c nvinc d t ha t t h Ch

t ch f E ngl nd o e e ur o a

was fals in i c ns ti tu ti n tha h v n tu d t t p a

e ts o o t e e re o se u

s pa a Chu ch th N w T s tam n t m d l
e r te r on e e e e o e .

Th qu s t i n h n was wh h
e e it was all wabl t
o t e et er o e o

wi hd aw f m a Chu ch and m nis y ad m i t d t b

t r ro r i tr te o e

tr u b in ac ual c ndi i n f und t b c u pt

e, ut t o t o o o e o rr .

H ild sham said er N and th ugh c ns tan ly in ubl ,

o,
”
o o t t ro e

f orhis n nc f mi y n v wi hd w f m th Anglic n
o o n or t ,
e er t re ro e a

Chu ch T h u p sh t f th c nf nc was tha ach

r . e o o e o e re e t e

t h ugh t h
o h d mad s m im p ssi n
e a h h e o e re o on t e ot er .

F m a v bal p R icha d B na d t k i that Smi th

ro er re or t r er r oo t

had b n c nvinc d and had his d ub s s lv d A d

ee o e o t re o e . n

on t h s t ng the f t h v si n f h affai
re hat ach d o e er o o t e r t re e

A nd w Will t ( 56re — 6 ) h d sc ib d H ild sham

e 1 2 1 21 e e r e er

as hi m ti m qui vulg B w i m l l m
sc s a co ru o ro n s ta
e a eu .
” 1

Smi th s w acc un p u ts h m at in a diff n t ligh

’
o n o t t e t er e re t .

I is p ssibl t ha t h was c nfi m d f
t o eth t im b ing e o r e or e e e

In his pini n tha t th ugh c u pt th Chu ch f E ngland

o o ,
o orr ,
e r o

Q uoted b y R ev A G ord on i n the D i cti on ary

. . o f N ati on al B i ography .

70
 E vo lu ti o n a S ep arat is t o f
s till b th ma k s f a t u Chu ch b th a gu
ore e r o r e r ,
ut e r

m n ts f H ild sham agains t wi thd awing f m such

e o er r ro

a Chu ch did sat isfy him

r n ot .

B na d s acc un t f Smi th s p g ss is ins t uct iv

er r
’
o o
’
ro re r e .

A t th p ning
e o f his
e D i w i
o f m t h W y f t h ss as on s ro e a o e

S pa at is ts issu d in 6 8 h s ts t s v n li k li
e r
”
e
“ 1 0 e e ou e e e
, ,

h ds and g a p babili ti s tha t ha w y is t g d

oo re t ro e t t a no oo .
”

T h si x th li k lih d c nsist s f x am pl s f th L d s ’
e e oo o o e e o e or

judgm n t giving s n t nc wi th us and agains t th m

e e e e e .
”

A ft a f w typ ical judg m n ts hav b n dis play d

er e e e e ee e ,

t o dt e er y t imid an s uls inclin d t s p a a t of m e o e r e ro

M th Chu ch h cas f J hn Smi h hims lf is h ld

o er r ,
t e e o o t e e

u p as a f a ful wa e ning r r .

I m y t m h G d w ld
a s ee t h v h d M S mi h
at o h v ou n ot a e a r . t to a e

g on e tha t w ay, b f hw y i ijdm

so o ten t ar t n g h s u g en t

i( ) T bl i i p i o pu sh n d y i h
r n t on th e L or
’
s Pr a e r ag a n s t t at w ay
an d f m h
or u s uc

(ii ) f l li g i i d hi h d
.

In ai f n n to t a t er , ag a n u n er s an to r en ou n c e

th e p r i ipl f hnc es o ll d w i m
t at w ay ca e B ro n s

( iii ) li i b w ll f h h l d m
.

i
B r o u g ht ag a n to ke t ut n ot h o y, or e e so e

tr ue C h
hu r c d m es an h so d di d di li k
e tr u e P a s tor s er e an s e the
di i i
s t n c t on o f d f l Ch
tr u e ian p f a se ur c h n r es ect o us.
“ h w T en h d en t f d wi h
e an i g dl d l
c on e r r e d t c erta n o y an earn e

m en w b b m h er e y h e i fi d ec a h k l dd w di
e s o s at s e as e n ee e o n an n

p r a yer p i d G d r a se o mi l d f th at h e w as
A d n ot s e a r ther : n w as so

v
r e s ol e d p as he d i u rp o s e d
d i M J h
to f m ss u a e h s tu tor , r. o n son , ro

t h e sa m i — w ld
e , s ay n g Am he d mf h
ou d T hi g o to s ter a or t at e n s

w ill b d i fi d l v d b d i v h
.

e an s c on en t y a ou c h e y er s t er e p r e s e n t
id i im
.

B es es th e s e i j d m c r o s s es h L d d id nh u g en t t e or c a st s e h
wi h i kt s c ih d
n e ss n g id b w i hi m lf
u n to ea th to c on s er e t ter th se y t
e

o f hi s A d
c ou r s e . i l nb m p li d
th s a so im was y so e a p e u n to h .

A d w i h ll
n t a d bl
th es e af i i wi h f au n ta d i en e s s o sp r t t e ar , n ot ar n g

to b b ld e o ff f
to h su her w i h id i ll
or t e c a u se er e t u s, d c on t n ua y
a c co mp hi m
an y Th i m h
. G d w us ld m t s ee b et t h at o ou ore than y
an di
or y n ar h v
c o u rs e d m d hi m i f i h
ta k en , iw d a e re ee e , e t er n ar

di i G d i l d m v him
’
s tr act on s or p o s s d ec a ou twar ean s, u s e to r eco er ,

7 1
 Smi th Hel wys and B ap tis t Or igins ,

mi g ht h v p v ail d be G dre a e ,l h llut d o

’
s se c re t c o u n se s a s ta n .

B e h old d Hi
th e f m
en j d m i dw i i i s o wn or er u g en t , h s h an r t n g, h s

i m i
.

m m
’
o wn i o u th G d dl G d
’
n p r a yer to o go y en s t e st on es , o s

i h d— ll
,

im
” 1
cor r ec t n g an
p ia the s e o e n l y ar e a g a n s t h .

T h cha g t ha t Smi th was

e r e t ady t su ff f th no re o er or e

Pu i tan caus cam wi th an ill g ac f m B na d wh

r e e r e ro er r o,

f m b ing an ac iv p p n n t f c nf mi ty had f ll n
ro e t e O o e o o or ,
a e

in t lin and was w hand and gl v wi h th A ch

o e no o e t e r

bish p f Y k F that d f ct i n Smi th had sha p ly

o o or . or e e o r

re bu k d hi m in a l tt w i tt n in 6 7 T B na d s
e e er r e 1 0 . o er r
’

cha g s Smi th p li d in a b k issu d in 6 9 as

r e re e oo e 1 0 ,

f ll ws
o o

i li l h d
I n th s
‘
v fli
ke y oo m i p
’
o
y u i l ha e a ng at e n ar t c u a r ,

M r. d h
B e rn a r i m w i h di v c ar g n g h w hi h e will t er s u n tr u t s c I
m if
,

an e st

wl d b
.

I d b d
T h at I m h ou te 9 on t v I s I a c kn o e ge , ut th a t e er

wl d i f
.

d d i ac k n o e ge
‘
hth e d S ep ar atd f m on or tru t an s ep ar a te ro

th e li Eng mb li sh d h as se d es , an m t en r e tu rn e a ga i n u n to th e

( w i h ch ) d
you s ay l d A Id l
o u tte r h y w f en y. n I a p p ea to t e to n o
‘
G b
a n es d h u rg h
’
an wm f p i i
t os e th e r e t h a t k n e y o ots te s n th s

m a tte r A d f h
n i i di
th er e or e p b lier e n I n ct you as a u c

l “d
.

s an er er

ifid C
.

W 2 I b
h er e as you s ay me ca f e sa t s e at ov en tr ee ,
’
a ter
d wi i Mi i ld
.

c on f e r en c e h a th c e r ta n d h n ste r s , an e r eu p on k n ee e

d w o nd i dGd
an p r a s e d id o f wi h m I a n s w er , I n ot c on er t th e
i w w ll
.

a b ou t S t he d
e p a r a t on a s hi
y o u a n t he y k n o e en o u g you r n

c on s c i e n c es , b b w i d wi f m ut a ou t th ra ng ro tr u e C hur c he s ,
Mi i d W
n s ter s a n i W i
or s h p iv d i
c or r u p te d . h er e n I r ec e e n o sat s

f i b
a c t on u t r a ther d iv i i
th o u ght I h a m A d g en n s tr u c t o n t o th e n

i dw i d f did b i q d
.

for kn eel ng o n to p r a s e G p c on ess I I e ng re u e s te

i f mi i
,

t o p e r form h dt e f
u ty a t n gh t a te r th e con e r en c e
b y t h e n s ter s .

B u t t ha t I p r a i s e d G d l i f m d b
o f or
d r e s o u t on o y ou t s I en y to
d e a th , a n d yo u t h e r e i l d n a r e a s o a s l an e r er .
“ I i dGd pr a s e q d o bl
for t h e f du ie t an p ea c ea e c on e r en c e an

su ch l m i ke d d i d
a tte r s a n [ d] f i es r ed p a r on o f th e L or or gn or an c e s
an d d w
e rr o r s f j
an m d
e a kn e s s di d d
o udg en t an an y s or ere

1
Chr i st i an A dv ts . an d S ep ar a ti sts S chi sm , 1 608 , pp 3 7, 3
. 8 .

72
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B a p tis t Or igins
,

T h p in e t issu was f s m
o t ap ac t ical im p t anc e o o e r or e

to Smi th f acc ding t t h p inci pl s f h

,
or, or o e r e o t e

S pa atists y wh had nc j in d th m and th n

e r ,
an on e o o e o e e e

r etu n d h Chu ch f E ngland was t b ga d d

r e to t e r o o e re r e
“
as an a p s ta I f such a o s ugh t n t y in t
te .
”
on e o re - e r o

t h S p a a is t f ll wshi p h migh t b
e e r t admi tt d again as
e o e e e

a sim p l m mb b t was f v d ba d f m h lding

e e e r, u or e er e rr e ro o

an
y ffic ino h Chu ch
e I f B na d had
t s eablish d r . er r e t e

his p n t Smi h s pas al au th i ty w uld hav b n

oi t
’
to r or o e ee

g n b it is cl a that h had b t li ttl t g u p n and

o e, ut e r e u e o o o

o nly th w back th dat f Smi th s ac t ual s v anc

re e e o
’
e er e

f m h Chu ch f E ngland in d t mak a cas

ro t e r o or er o e e

agains t his an t g nis t H t i d t mak i a pp a a o . e r e o e t e r

t ha t Smi h had s p a a t d and t h n

t t u n d t t h f lde r e e re r e o e o

and h n again had s p a a d f m th Chu ch f his

t e e r te ro e r o

Fat h s er .

R icha d B na d ( c 56 7
r — 6 4 ) was a N t t i gham
er r . 1 1 1 o n

shi man H was t a k n n tic f in y u th by F anc s

re . e e o e o o r e ,

t h wif
e f Si G g Sain Paul f Sna f d Li c ln
e o r e or e t e, o r or ,
n o

shi S h was th y ung sis f ha S i William

re. e e o er ter o t t r

W ay t wh m J hn Smi h d dica d his fi s t b k

r o o o t e te r oo .

Lik h b h and h ld sis t I sab l h gav

e er rot er er e er er, e ,
s e e

g n us h l p
e ero p sch la s e and fav u dto t h oor o r o re e

minis t ati ns f th Pu i an cl gy B na d d dica s

r o o e r t er . er r e te

f his b k s t
“Si G g S i tp l l K t and o r eo r e a n o n
on e o oo , .
,

L adi S i itp l l
e a r
“
and calls h m b h his singula
o
”
t e ot r
,

and v g d b n efac t s Th y assis t d him t

e er oo e or . e e o

a
“
C mb idg B y y u w k f m ci h says in
r e . o r or e o er e,
”
e ,

h V i i ti w I b ugh t p H nt d Ch is t s 1 ’
t e n v ers e as ro u e e e re r

C ll g H
o e eif . b f h w uld b c m
e r e, n ot e ore , e o e o e

acquain t d wi h J hn Smi h H p c d d B A
e t o t . e ro ee e . .

1 “E ist l e D edicatorie i n Bern ard

’
s Cl mst zan A dver t iseme nts
' '

p .

74
 R ichar d B er na r d
e a ly in 59 5 and t k his Mas t s d g in 59 8 I
r I oo er
’
e r ee 1 . n

tha y a h was p s n d th living f E p w h

t e r e re e te to e o or t ,

f m wh nc h dat d his fi s li a y v n u
ro e e e e r t t er r e t re -
a

tr ansla ti n f T nc g h wi h th La tin t x t H
o o e re e, to et er t e e . e

was a man f p a s mas t f a g d E nglish s tyl an

o rt ,
er o oo e,

e a n s t R f mis
r e Pu i an and e or wi h u t t or r t ,
n ot t o

ambi i A b v all h was a cl s

t on . bs v f m o e ,
e o e o er er o en

and mann s I h y a 6 h was p s n d er . n t e e r 1 01 e re e te to

th living f W k s p in succ ssi n
e o
J hn G d i
or h o ,
e o to o oo r c e,

b y R icha d Whall y a l ading man in h affai s f h

r e ,
e t e r o t e

c un ty H was ins i u t d Jun 9 and w uld

o . e t t e on e 1 ,
o

find abundan w k in his la g p a ish t or r e r .

T h p i y hu ch f S
e Ma y and S Cu hb t
r or c r o t . r t . t er t a

W k s p is a magnific n building b h living was

or o e t ,
ut ~

t e

no t a ich f rh c t ial i h which had b n

o n e, or t e re or t t e, ee

a p p p ia d by h m n k s p ass d i h hands f h
ro r te t e o ,
e n to t e o t e

C wn ro h diss lu i n f h p i y and was

on t e o t o o t e r or ,

re g an d t h
r te f L inc ln b y E dwa d V I
o t and
e see o o r

t hus w n t h bish p ins t d f h p a ish incumb n

e to t e o ea o t e r e t .

H B na d lab u d f tw lv y a s Du ing his

e re er r o re or e e e r . r t
t im h w b n t him f u s ns and a daugh
e t er e e re or o o r o te r .

I 6 3 h was p s n t d und
n 1 1 e singula ci cums anc re e e er r r t es

to t h living f B a t c mb in S m s shi
e o and acc d o e, o e r et re , or

i gl y c d d h
n livi g of W k s p in h hands f
e e t e n or o to t e o

R ich d Whall y ar h pa n w h a pp in t d O liv

e , t e t ro , o o e er

B ay h p s t I was D B iss c f B a c mb
r
1
to t e o . t r. e, re to r o t o e

wh in l ving ga d fo th w lfa f his pa ishi n s

o, o re r r e e re o r o er ,

singl d B na d as his succ ss H b ugh h

e ou t er r e or . e o t t e

igh f n x p s n ta i n and b s ugh B na d t

r t o e t re e t o ,
e o t er r o

tak p his w
e u k h Sca c l y had h a ang
or m n s t er e . r e t e rr e e t

“
—
1

16 13
O l yv er B ray, v W i n sti tu ted to the l i in g of or k sop, Feb ruary 16,

4 .

75
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

b n mad b f D B iss di d hap py in th h ugh t

ee e e o re r . e e ,
e t o

o f l aving e in his p lac wh w uld p fi t and dify

on e e o o ro e
“
his p p l s s uls eo F e
’
th igh t f this singl
o .
”
or e r o e

p s
re e n a t i n th had p aid
o £ whiche h call d his 2 00 , e e

p ac k ing p nn y b t w n hims
e lf and G d F e m ee e o . ro

his S m s tshi c t y B a d s n t t a s t am f
o er e r e re or er n r e ou re o

b k s which j y d a wid p pula i ty and th h

oo en o e e o r ,
ere e

lab u d fai thfull y t ill his d ath wi th th h l p in his

o re e ,
e e

latt y a s f assis ant s m s t n t abl f wh m was

er e r o t ,
o o e o o

R icha d A ll in wh succ d d him

r e e o ee e .

I t is wi h his W k s p minis t y t ha t w
t orc nc n d o r e ar e o er e ,

for h h c m in t t uch and th n in t c n v sy

er e e a e o o e o o t ro er

wi th h s wh l d th m v m n t f s p a at i n f m
t o e o e e o e e or e r o ro

t h Anglic n Chu ch
e Th
a was an i flu n tial Pu i tan
r . e re n e r

l m n t in his p a ish J hn L asc ll s wh was bu n t

e e e r . o e e ,
o r

a t t h sam t im as t h in t p id A nn A s k w b l ng d
e e e e re e e ,
e o e

t o a family f t hat nam s a d t G t f d in this

o e e te a a e or

p a ish
r and ,
A naba p t is influ nc s w t h t e e e re no er e

un k n wn T h w uld b
o .
p cis insis
e re t nc o u p n e no re e e e o

c nf mi ty in h a li y a s f B na d s min is t y
o or t e e r er e r o er r
’
r

for Mat h w Hu tt n ( 5 9
t e th A chbish p f
o 1 2 e r o o

Y rk was t inclin d t dis tu b y g dly Pu i an

o ,
no e o r an o r t
wh w o d ing g d w k I fac t
as o f h las ac t s
oo or . n ,
on e o t e t
o f his lif w w i t a l tt t R b t C cil advising
e as to r e e er o o er e ,

a m l ni n t a m n f th Pu i t n cl gy I t was
o re e e tre t e t o e r a er .

no t all c ng nial t him t hav t tak ac ti n gainst

at o e o o e o e o a

t h m H did t thin k h y di ff d fundam n tally

e . e no t e e re e

f m t h s wh w m x ac ly l yal t h l t f
ro o e o er e o re e t o o t e e te r o

th ub ics and can ns f th A nglican Chu ch I t was

e r r o o e r .

f ll y t ha ass h m wh n th N th n P vinc was

o o r t e e e or er ro e

o v un wi h p l tting Cath lics

e rr t o o .

B t wi th t h acc ssi n f T bi Ma tth w t t h

u e e o o o e e o e se e

76
 Subs c r i p ti o n R e sis te d
o f Y k l ss la t i tud
or was all w d subsc i pti n was
e e o e ,
r o

e nf c d and th cl gy w p ss d t bs v th
or e ,
e er e re re e o o er e e

p sc
re ib d cr m ni
e s t t h l t t
er e o e o e e er .

I t was t t his junc t u t ha t Smi th cam

a in t th re e o e

dis t ic t ag f
r ,
f m and full f sc n f th
e er or re o r o or or e

p rela t s He i l d f
. i nd B na d was
s o li k t ind ad y r e er r e e r re

f ort h s p a k and w
e s n t ablaz H s p k and
r ,
as oo se e. e o e

p reach d i such
e a v in as t
n l ad his f i nds t b li v e o e r e o e e e

tha h w uld t e sis t th d mand f subsc i p ti n and th

o re e e or r o e

i m p si ti n f th c m ni s t th u tt m s t J hn
o o o e ere o e o e er o . o

Smi th f l t c nfid n t tha t B na d w uld su pp t him

e o e er r o or

e v n in a m v m n t f s p a a ti n H was bi t t l y
e o e e or e r o . e er

disapp in t d wh n B a d d w bac k H w t t
o e e er n r re . e ro e o

re bu k him sha pl y f falling aw y aft having had a

e r or a er

o
“
visi n f h t u th and ac k n wl dging it in th
o t e r
”
o e e

p s
re e nc f wi t ne ss s o e e .

B t i t was u t wi h u t d t h ugh t tha t B na d

no t o ue o er r

t
r e re a e t d H li k Smi h c nf . d wi h H ild sham
e, e t ,
o e rr e t er
1

u p n th qu s ti ns t issu H h d g n f
o e e o t a e . e a o e so ar as o

gath a hund d p s n in t a s p cial c v nan t and

er re er o s o e o e ,

t h s t all f m his w p a ish T h y c v nan t d

o e no ro o n r . e o e e

t g th
o e
“ t er h a t h dumb minis t s t wat ch v
no to e r e er o o er
,

on e an th t adm nish o er, an th o and t h n o on e o er, e

th y c iv d th L d s Su pp I t was th n x t s t p ’
e re e e e or er . e e e

t os p a a ti n b t that final s t p h w uld t t a k

e r o , u
“

e e o no e.
“I c nf ss o h says e
“I was much m v d wi t h fai
e,
”
e o e re
,

s h w e f Sc i p t u and wi t h g a t p t nc s f h l i
es o r re re re e e o o n e s se

in th i e rth S pa a tis ts ] w y b t I was t e e r

’
a ,
u no

re m v d A d wh n h was sus p d d by th A ch
o e .
” 2
n e e en e e r

bish p and alis d m fully all tha t s p a at i n f m

o re e ore e r o ro

S m i th s P a r al l el er a n d Cen su r es , p
’
1
. 1 .

2
P l a i n e E v iden ces, p 4 . .

77
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Or igin s
,

his Chu ch inv lv d h gav w y H mad his p c

r o e e e a . e e ea e

wi th h ccl si s tical au th i ti s n t d again u p n

t e e e a or e ,
e e re o

his Vica ag d b gan ac iv p p si i n by w d and

r e an e an t e o o t o or

w i ting agains th s w h had l k d him t b a

r t o e o oo e to o e

l ad in h i m v m
e er t e r I t is p babl o ha T bi
e en t . ro e t t o e

Matth w mad th w y f submissi n

e e e sy as p ssibl
a o o as e a o e,

for him as his w i thd wal w ld hav b n a dis tinct

,
ra ou e ee

l ss t h Chu ch
o o t e r .

I a L a t in d dica t i n t t his A chbish p p fi x d

n e o o r o re e to
th b e k in w hich h
oo
p li d t Smi h in 6
e re h s p a k s e o t 1 10, e e

o f M h w as a s c nd G indal and ac k n wl dg s tha

at t e e o r ,
o e e t
h h d
e a re
“
c i d m han c mm n fav f m him
e ve or e t o o ou r ro .
”

T his is h m t ma k abl sinc B na d had w i t n

e o re r e r e e er r r te
s ngl y agains th hi a chy H t
t ro t e im s n er r . e a on e t e e t
J hn R bins n a pa p f as ns in his w w i t ing
o o o er o re o o n r

to
p v ro t h bish e p s n ich
e is ian ando Smi h acha g t s r t ,
” 1
t r e

him wi th having pp s d th bish p s in a b k o o e e o oo

M
B ut r
“
B e r n ar d , ”
he i
sa ys ,
2
the r e i s ye t o n e o th e r th n g
di w ld m l v wi
.

t hat I m v
u st sc o er to th e or na e y t ha t yo u h a e r tte n

i w i v p v d b div
,

a b oo k a g a n s t t he P r e l a t e s he r e n you ha e ro e y ers

ar g um en ts i i i i i i
t ha t t he r a u t h or i b mty s a n t c hr st an . Th s o ok so e

o f you r i d v Fr en d
s ha
d A d h e
'

seen d an r ea . n t ou g h y ou u r st

n ot i i
p r n t lf w ld v b
t yo u r s e ye t y o u o u i ha e ee n c on t en t a Fr en d

s hou ld v ha i b
e c a u se d b i
t to de pu l vi f she u n d er t he z ar d o an

u n kn ow n i M
a u th o r I s n ot th s s o ,
. d T ll m r. B er n ar ? h e n te e

wi w f
th hat a c e o r c on s c i e n c e ib l you c an s u b s c r e t o th e P r e
‘

acy

yo u c a n lp f h ea d y or I t i e P r el a c
b i d h w i ? s n ot th s to u l t at h ch

you h v d a e d e s tr oye ?

Th m e h l k d in t t h
ore e p incioop l s and e o e r e c o n se

q u e n c es f t h s p a
o a i n he l ss a t
e ac t iv did
r tth oy t e e t r e e

s m t B na d H had t ad y w k s f th
ee o er r . e no re an or o e

1 R obi n son s j us t ificat i on

’
o f S ep a r at ion . Work s ii .
, p 91. .

9 P a r a d e/
er ,
p 5 . .

78
 P r i m ary D o c u m e n t s
e a li B wnis t s b f Smi h s pa a t d b t th n h
r er ro e o re t e r e ,
u e e

gav fu th a tt n ti n t th ma tt and h v h m c
e r er e o o e er , t e e e en e

o f B w w i ings p ll d him H was af aid f

arr o e s
’
r t re e e . e r o

b ing ta d wi th th B wnis t b ush H was s p cially

e r re e ro r . e e

c nc n d in th ma tt b caus s m f his w
o er e e er e e o e o o n

p a ishir n s w o w v
er b y h a g um
e re n t s f Smi th
on o er t e r e o ,

and ul ima t l y h w in th i l t wi th him I t was t

t e t re e r o . o

k p th m f m
ee M Sm y h
e rohat h had t p th r . t 1
t e se u e

Sp cial
e c v nan t in his o p a ish
e b t t ha t half m asu r ,
u -
e re

did t satisfy th m and B na d was s n t w i t f

no e ,
er r oo o r e o

Smi th and his c m ad s Th y hav a k n away pa t o r e ,

e e t e r

f t h s al H did hm ” 2
o e f my mi i t i
c e o t l n s er e . e no et t e

g owi t h u t a p t s
o t H s ugh t t win
ro e bac k his f i nds . e o o r e

and ighb u s t his sid H w t t Th mas

ne o r o e . e ro e
3
o o

H l wy e f B s,t w H all wi t h wh m b t h h and

o rox o e ,
o o e

Smi th w in tima t ms and

e re on t a lis t f te er ,
set ou o

S p a a is t pini ns t which h was s t ngl y p p s d

e r t O o o e ro o o e .

T his l tt f m B na d was s n t by H l wy t
e er ro er r e on e s o

Smi th wh aft t h days m di tati n w t a s t ng

,
o, er r ee
’
e o ,
ro e ro

j ind ( ab u t N v mb
re o er o bu k ing B na d o e er , re er r

f orhis inc ns tancy pl ying t his bj c ti ns and s tti g

o ,
re o o e o ,
e n

ou t th main g e unds f s p a a ti n f m h Chu ch f

ro or e r o ro t e r o

E ngland Th s w l tt s
. f ca p i al im p t anc
e e t o e er a re o t or e,

f or th y the p ima yared cum n t s in ae l g and r r o e on

im p t an t c n t v sy in which J hn R bins n and

or o ro er , o o o

H n y A insw th t ach
e r f th orx il d Chu ch t ,
e er o e e e r a

1R obi n son , Wor ks , i i , p 1 0 1 . . .

1 C/ zr zst za n A a v ts E
'
’
p to R ea der
’

. . .

3
P a r a l l el es , p 1 1 9
'

. .

1
T h is l et ter fr om S m ith i s e m bod ied in his P a r a l l el es pu b l i she d i n 1 609
‘

w
in an s er to B e rn ar d s Cit r zst ia n A dv er t i sem en ts a n d S ep a r at ists S cfi zs m
’ ' '

o f 1 60 8 , th e
preface to hi c h is d ated u n e 1 8 w
Mr B e rn ard ha d i n his
han d s this l e ttr e o f m yn e s ix or s e en m on ths be for e he pu b l i sh ed this his v J . .

”
b ook i n ti tul ed the S ep a r at is ts S ei ns me P r eface to P a r a /
'

I d es . .

79
 S m i th H el wys and B a p t is t Or igins
,

A ms t dam t k pa t as w ll as t h
er , p
oo t ag nis t s r , e e ro o .

Wi h his l tt and
t t tw e a li c mmunicati ns
er on e o r o e r er o o

f m J hn Smi th in his hands B na d was in a fav u

ro o ,
er r o r

abl p si ti n f c i icising th S p a atis t m v m n t

e o o or r t e e r o e e .

H e reh had an insid vi w f t h g unds and caus s

e e e o e ro e

o f ht e S pa ati n f m h p f it l ad I t was
e r o ro t e en o s e e r.

agains t this l tt that his b k t h S pa atis ts “e er oo on e e r

’

Schism was chi fly di c t d e re e .

B t v n b f
u e th cl sing m n t hs f
e 6 7 B na d
e o re e o o o 1 0 er r

had al ady in his hands acc ding t Smi th s acc un t

re ,
or o
’
o ,

a p p f ans w s in pa all l c lumn t th d ub ts and

a er o er r e o o e o

o bj c i n wi th which B na d ga d d th m v m n t
e t o s er r re r e e o e e .

Y ou
“
had said Smi th my answ w i tt n in c lumn er r e on e o
,

t c t ain d ub t s and
o er bj c ti ns y mad w i tt n in
o o e o ou e r e

an th c lu m n which I d si d y t answ and

o er o e re ou o er

wh t as y t I hav c iv d answ f m y
e re o e e re e e no er ro ou .
” 1

A l l t his indica t s h w h ughly and a n s t l y th

e o t o ro e r e e

qu s ti ns t issu w discuss d by th Pu i tan cl gy

e o a e e re e e r er

o f t h dis t ic t
e I t was t wi th u t ca ful c nsid a i n
r . no o re o er t o

t ha t th m m n t us s t p f s p a a t i n was t a k n
e o e o e o e r o e .

1 ’
vm
S mi th s P ar a ll el es p 3 7 , . . The l etter of No e b er , 1 60

80
 Smi th Hel w ys an d Bap tis t Or igins
,

adv n tu us and da ing a s t p O w uld li k hav

e ro r e . ne o e to e

an x ac t acc un t f h i p c du in this w igh ty

e o o t e r ro e re e

busin ss b t w hav t c ns t uc t th sc n f
e ,
u e e o re o r e e e or ou r

s lv s f m th scan y f nc s that hav c m d wn

e e ro e t r e ere e e o e o

t
o us W m y l cat th bi th f this w ligi us
. e a o e e r o ne re o

s ci ty t Gainsb ugh f t nl y d s Smi th d sc i b

o e a or o ,
or n o o oe e r e

e
“
hims lf in 6 7 as Pas t f th Chu ch t G b g h
1 0 or o e r a an e s ur

b t h a p p als agains t t h sland s

u e e f B na d t t h e er o er r o e

t wnsm n
o f Gainsbe ugh as th s wh kn w his
o
“ o ro o e o e
,

s t ps in th matt f s p a ati n F m pa ts as f
e
”
e er o e r o . ro r ar

dis tan t as th I sl f A h l m in L inc lnshi R tf d

e e o x o e o re , e or

and W k p B t w Hall and S k gby in N ttingham

or SO ,
r ox o e e o

shi and A t fi l d in Y k shi m and w m n f

r e, u s er e or re en o e o

k ind d s p i i t cam in t j in th f i nds t Gainsb

re r ugh e o o e r e a or o

in h w k f c ns ti tu ting an w th Chu ch f G d
t e or o o e e r o o .

T h villag s
e f Sc by Su t t n Ma t s y S tu t n l
e o ro o ,
o , t er e ,
r o e

S t p l and N th Wh a l y
ee e, or e t e ,

b ugh c n t ibu t d m mb
or o ,
o w fac d wi th
r e e er e re e

th qu s t i n as t h w th y sh
e e o p c d b t b li
o ving o e ro ee ,
u e e

t ha t t h y had in t h e B ibl an x p lici t guid in all e e e e

matt s f ligi us fai th and p ac tic th y t u n d as a

er o re o ,

r e, e r e

matt f c u s t it pag s f h l p T h th y ad f
er o o r e o s e or e . ere e re o

t h t im s f
e f m in ligi n in anci n t I s a l Th y ad
e o r e or re o e r e . e re

h w I s a l in th da ys f A
o r e
“had f a l ng s as n b n
e o s a, or o e o ee
,

wi th ut th t u G d and wi th u t a t aching p i s t and

o e r e o ,
o e r e

wi th u t law b t wh n th y in th i t ubl did tu n un t

o , u e e e r ro e r o

t h L d G d f I s a l and s ugh t him h was f und f

e or o o r e o e o o

t h m and t h y n t
e d in t a et s k th L d
e e re o cov en a n t o ee e or

G d o f t h i fa h s wi t h all t h i h a t and wi t h all

o e r t er e r e r

th i s
e r l and h was f und f th m and th L d
ou e o o e e or

gav th m s t und ab u
e e T h y ad h w J siah in
re ro o t
”1
. e re o o

xv 5
1
1 Chron . .
3, 4 , 12, 1 .

82
 T h ey C o v enan t T o g et h er
a p i d f ligi us vival mad a c v nan t b f
er o o re o re e
1
o e e ore

th eL d wal k af h L d and k p his m

or to te r t e or to ee co

m dm t
an and h w all h p pl s d t h
en s , o t e eo e too o t e

c v nan T h i imagina i n was s i d by th g a phic

o e t . e r t o t rr e e r

acc un t f h s at i n f J usal m and h u n

o o t e re to r o o er e t e re t r

f m ca pt ivi y in B abyl n und N h miah and h w all

ro t o er e e ,
o

t h s wh had s p a a t d h ms lv f m th p p l f
o e o e r e
2
t e e es ro e eo e o

t h lands n t t h law f G d
e u
“ n t d in a cu s and
o e o o e er e to r e

in an a h wal k in G d s law giv n by M s s th

to o t to o
’
e o e e

s van f G d and t bs v and d all th c mmand

er t o o ,
o o er e o e o

m n s f th L d
e t o e or .
”

T h s p as ag s s m d t
e e fit h i w c ndi t i n
s e ee e o t e r o n o o

e x ac l y M v th sp l did imag y f h
t . o re o er , e en er o t e

A p cal yp s laid h ld u p n h i minds

o e I w n wi h o o t e r . t e t t
ou t sa y ing am ngs t h P s tan ts f h s days t hat
o t e r ot e o t o e

t h Pa pal Chu ch f R m was A n tich is t and h

e r o o e r t e

m ys tical B abyl n f h B k f R v la i n B h o o t e oo o e e t o . ut ere

was a c m pany f sinc b li v s wh had ach d h

o o ere e e er o re e t e
c nvic i n hat th Chu ch f E ngland was nly a s
o t o t e r o o ort

o f p l y vis d di i n f th Chu ch f R m and

o or re e e t o o e r o o e,

th y t e h a d as it w an insis t n t v ic f m
oo e r , e re , e o e ro

e e
“
h av n saying C m t f h my p pl t ha y b o e ou o e r, eo e, t e e
,

no t p a tak s f h
r sins and tha t y c iv t h
er o er e re e e no er

p lagu s ( R e x i”
x ev . .

T h y d cid d t e c ns i tu t h Chu ch by n t ing

e e o re o t e t e r e er

in t a c v nan t d cla ing h i aim I w uld b a

o o e e r t e r . t o e

o r e o —
s u c f s t ng th p l dg b t w n h ms lv s and
re a e e e ee t e e e

G d and a mu ual b nd wi th
o ,
an th I B ad
t o on e o er . n r

f d s ft qu d w ds
or
’
o -
ote or
“S m o f f
an y, p f ther e w h vil f or e , o the s e r o e ssor s as sa t e e o

the se th i i n gs wh h n the s e p ar t s
d d an d os e e ar t s the L or ha

K x xx 2
1 2

N eh
in g s
29.
i ii 3
. .
. .

83
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

tou ch d wi h e v l t lf i he a en h y h k ff
z ea i or h s tr u th , t ey s oo o th s

yo k e f i i i b d
o an t c hr s t a n d h d f
on l
ag e an as th e t e L or
’
s re e p e o p e

ji d m v b
o ne the v s el fes, y a co i C e n an t o th e L or d , n to a hu r c h
e s ta tei h f ll w i n t f he e l
o wl i lh w
sh
p o t e G osp e to a k n al is a ys

m d k w
a e nob m d n ,k or w to di e h i b a e no n a cc or ng to t e r est

d v wh v i h ld
,
”
en ea ou r s h m
a t s oe er t s ou c ost t e .

W hav a glim p s f a simila and k ind d v n t in

e e e o r re e e

t h w i ings f J hn Mu t n
e r t o f Gainsb o ugh wh f r o ,
o or o ,
o or

a l ng t im b l ng d t this ligi us s ci y b t
o e e o e o re o o et ,
u

advanc d th p si ti n h t th t u Chu ch was

e to e o o t a e r e r

e n t d by ba ptism H discuss d th matt wi t h

er e . e e e er

o
“
J hn R bins n D w t k n w h says th
o o .
“
o e no o e
1
e
, ,

b ginning f his Chu ch ? tha t t h was fi s t st d

e o r ere r on e oo

u p and mad a c v nan t and e t h n an ot h e d t h s e o er , an e e

t w j in d t g t
o o e a thi d and th s b cam a
o e so r ,
e e e e

Ch ch y ur sa m h d f gath ing a Chu ch 3 et o o ,

er r

s ta tl d th Pu
r e ei t n v l ty T h y w s k ing s o e e ere ee

to f m th Chu ch f m wi th n and b li v d that

r e or e r ro ,
e e e

Chu ch s w nly t b plan t d by a s p c tabl and

r e ere o o e e re e e

au th is d minis t y Wh y d mand says

or e
“ r . er e ou e ,

R bins no
“ h w a f wo
2
f us b cam a Chu ch w
o e o e e r e
, ,

answ in a w d by c ming t f B abyl n th ough

er or ,
o ou o o ,
r

th m ci s
e f G d and building u s lv s in t a
er e o o w o r e e o ne

and h ly t m pl un t th L d o e e A d f th o e or . n or e

gath ing f a Chu ch M B na d I d t ll y tha t

er o r , r . er r ,
o e ou

in what plac s v by what m ans s v wh th by e oe er, e oe e r, e er

p aching
re t h g s p l b y a te u minis
o t b
e y a fals r e e r, e

minis t by minis t e r, by
no ading c nf nc e r, or re ,
o er e e , or

an y t h m o ans fer p ublishing e i t t w o h fai t hful , o or t r ee

p peo l d a is e s p a oa t ing t
r h ms e, lv s f
e m t h wr ld e e e ro e or

A D escr ip t ion
1
f
o za t Goa fiat/
w/ e P r edesti n a ted
’
con cer n i ng Ma n , 1 62 0 ,

p 1 6 9
—3
. .

3
Wor ks, i i , pp . . 231 .
 T er m s o f t he C o v enant
i th f ll wshi p f th g s p l and c v nan t f
n to e e o o e o e o e o

Ab aham t h y
r a Chu ch uly ga h d th ugh
, e a re r tr t e re o

nv e w ak— h us and m pl f G d igh ly

er so e a o e te e o o r t

f und d p n h d c in f th a p s tl s and p ph t s
o e U o t e o tr e o e o e ro e ,

Ch is t hims lf b ing th c n s t n
r e e e or er o e .
”

C V T E R MS or TH E O E N AN T

T h ac t ual t ms
e f h c v nan t n t er d in t by o t e o e e e re o

J hn Smi h and his c m pani ns as giv n by William

o t o o e

B adf d
r or ma k abl and hav ha dly c iv d
are re r e, e r re e e

ad qua a n ti n I d t hin k th g n al acc u acy

e te tte o . o no t e e er r

f h v si n in B adf d s na a t iv can b s i usl y

’
o t e er o r or rr e e er o

qu s i n d H was p s nally acquain t d wi th h

e t o e . e er o e t e

inc id n s b h d sc ib s H was an ag and

e t e e re e r e . e e er

im p ssi n bl y ung man wh n h c v nan was

re o a e o e t e o e t

en d in I was a s i us and w igh ty und t ak ing

te r e to . t er o e er ,

an d h w uld e t b li k l y t f g t t h
o no ms and n e e o or e e ter te or

o f h p l dg by which h af
t e e c u s f his lif was
e t e te r -
o r e o e

p f undl
ro o y a ff c d W m y p i t
e in te h di c
. t e a ut to t e re

f m as f ll ws
or o o

W v e w i h G d d wi
co en a n t h w lk i ll
t o an th o n e an ot er to a n a

hi ws m a ys w b m d
ad e w kn o n d or to e a e kn o n u n t o u s a c c or ing
d v wh v ” 1
to ou r b es t en ll ea ou r s at soe er it s ha c os t u s .

W1

w
Chu r ch ,
v
m ay c om p are the term s o f the co en an t o f the L on d on S epa ra tis t
e
J W
hi ch a r e pr ob ab l y d u e to Fr an c is ohn son hen a n yon e
w
en t e r ed t hi s C hu rc h h e m ad e thi s sin l e
g p r om i se I il l w a l k w i th you so
.

by th e w w
l on g a s you
o r d of G od
”
J
w
a l k i n th e w ay o f th e L or d an d a s far as m ay b e ar ran te d

ohn son hi m s e l f
p S try e A n n a l s , i v , p 1 75
-

“
. . . .

spe ak s o f h is C hu r c h i n 1 595 as a com pa n y o f fai th fu l peopl e

v w
gather e d o r oi n ed tog e ther i n al l hol y c o en an t an d fe l l o sh ip of the
j
v
g o sp e l o f C hr is t b y ol u n tary p u bl i c p rofess ion of fai th an d p u r pose to
l i v e a n d w a l k tog etker i n tb e obed i en ce of Clzr i st accor d i n g t o b i s wor d t o
of b i s n a me r eat zse of i lze M i n ist ry , p 73
e n o t e ac tl y ed x fix .

S mi th s c o en an t has a b road er
.
’
v
. .

85
 S m ith Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

I t has t b n n t d that th
no ee
p assag s ino e ere a re e

Smi th s w i t ings which p in t t him as th p babl

’
r o o e ro e

au th f this sim pl c v an t and indi c t ly c fi m

or o e o en , re on r

it p h
s mg ras T hus in w i t ing t
. f th pp, n n t s r o on e o e o o e

o f s p a a t i n wi t h wh m h had nj y d an
e r o
“a ci n t o e e o e n e

acquain tanc in h Univ si ty f Camb idg h p in ts

e t e er o r e, e o

ou t t ha t t h c v nan t is
“e abs lu t
o eP inc S ta t o e, n o r e n or e

can i h add t it t a k augh t f m it and th n

e t er o or e ro ,
”
e

c n tinu s
o e

G d iv h w l Ch i l
o g et
‘
mi ho w l
e r s t,
’
al th e pr o s es, th e ho e

co v e n a n t on i f f i f l
h s b e h al
d f i f l to the a th u an th e a th u on t he
ot h i d mi b G d p
er s e pr o wh ll d
se to em lv o
’
s eo p l e ,
,

o
y t o en y th e se es

an d b
to G d o vey f io in v e l er y o n e o h s p r e c e t
p , s e en th e ea s t ,

t hou g hi tm i li
c o st th e the r ve s .
” 1

A g ain in w i t ing t t h sam f i nd ab u t t h

,
r o e e r e o e co n

s tit t iu f th
on visibl Chu ch h m n ti ns th
o e
“ e r e e o e
,

c v nan t t wal k in l l G d s ways

o e o a o
’
.
” 1

B na d in c i ticising th S p a a is ts incid n tally

er r ,
r e e r t , e

c nfi ms h main cla s f th i sim pl c v nan t

o r t e u e o e r e o e ,

t h ugh
o subs ti tu ing th wo d Ch is t f G d“ t e r r
”
or o .

“Th i si t i n h sa s c n t ain t h t hus

’
muche t ha t o
p
e r o y o , ,
e ,

a c m pany gath d (as th y y) in t th nam f

o er e e sa o e e o

Ch is t by a c v nan t mad t wal k in all th w i f

r o e e o e a es o

Ch ist k w un t th m
r no ne hath in it h iti t o e au t or e o

or dain minis t s and ffi c s t er J hn R bins n o er , e c .

” 2
o o o

in an m phatic p assag p ats t h c v nan t in simila

e e re e e o e r

t mser

i
Th s,
“ he l d d ffi m
s a ys , m we ho an a r t h at a co p an y c on

i i
s st n g h b
th ou g f ut o d f m w ld
tw o or th r e e s ep ar a t e ro th e or

and g a td i
h er e h m f C i n to v t m d
e na e o hr st by a co e n an t a e to

1 “ A l etter w
r i tt en to M r A S J by ohn S myth , . . .
"
ap p en d ed to hi s
P ar a ll el es .

9 Be rnard ’s Chr i st ia n A dv er t i semen ts 1 6 0 8

, , p 90 . .

86
 F o rwa r d L o o k A
w l k i ll h w f G d m d k w
a n a t e ays o h mi C hu h o a e no n u n to t e s a rc

b h h wh l w f Ch i
,
” 1
an d so at t e o e po er o r s . t

T his is am p l t s tim n y t th e main claus f th

e o o e e o e

c v nan t n t d in t by th s fai thful p p l T h y

o e e ere o e e eo e. e

p l dg
e d t h e ms lv s t wale k in Ge d s wa yes mad k no wn o
’
e o

un t th m b t B adf d adds th significan t w ds

o e ,
u r or e or
“ t b mad k n wn un t t h m
or o e e which g iv a o o e
”
e
,

re ma k abl s paci usn ss and ca paci ty f adjust m n t t

r e o e or e o

t his c v nan t o Did t h s w ds f m p a t f th

e o e or or r o e
-

or iginal p l dg t h y an aft t h ugh t

e e , or th pa
ar e e er o on e rt

o f B adf d add d in th ligh t f t h

r or ex p i nc f la t e o e e er e e O er

y a
e s r I t hin k t h y p s n t t h t ms f t
e h iginal
re re e e er o e or

c v nan t J hn Smi t h was c nsci us f th f shn ss

o e . o o o o e re e

o f th v n tue e which th y w mba k ing H had

re o n e ere e r . e

a d p s ns f th in x haus t ibl ich s f th w d f

ee e e o e e e r e o e or o

G d o t b f
se t h m in t h b
e or e k s f t h B ibl
e Th e oo O e e . er e

was a s t ain f m ys ticism in his natu H f an k ly

r O re . e r

e
“
s ts d wn qu s in his w k s f t his p i d u p n
o aere or o er o o

matt s which w s till und cid d in his mind Hi

er er e e e . s

r ap id chang s f p ini n b u gh t u p n him th cha g

e o o o ro o e r e

O f “ inc nstancy H was ab u t t h las t man t

o .
”
e o e o

d cla f an abs lu t finali ty and v p f ss d his

e re or o e ,
e er ro e e

willingn ss t l a n N c ssi ty c m p ll d th s a ly
e o e r . e e o e e e e e r

S p a a t is t s t p s n t th i sys t m as cl a t and
e r o re e e r e e r- cu

sha pl y d fin d in d f nding it agains t pp n n ts b t

r e e e e O o e , u

th was m f h p n visi n am ngs t th m than is

e re ore O t e o e o o e

O ft n su p p s d Wi th th f
e o e . s t p th full e re e r e , e er

b ath th cam
re
”
t h m s m t hing
e re f “ h w id
e to e o e o t e e

h iz n s g and vi w I t was f g at significanc

or o
’
r er e . o re e

and im p tanc t aft g n at i ns t hat th c v nan t f

or e o er - e er o e o e o

th s b li v s was t d c t inal b t p ac tical tha t it

e e e e er no o r u r ,

1
Robin son
’
s Wor ks , ii ,.
p . 1 32 .
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

had an imm diat b a ing u p n lif and a h p ful e e e r o e, o e

f wa d l k f fu th light f m G d D ubt l ss
or r oo or r er ro o . o e

w can ad a wid m aning in t th w ds f

e re er e o e or o

t ha t c v nan t t d y o e b t i t was small thing

o- a ,
u no to
f am a b nd f f ll wshi p capabl f an x p anding
r e o o e o e o e

in t p tati n I t l f th w y f advanc p n
er re o . e t e a o e o e .

W ac t uall y find J hn Smi th hims lf j us tifying

e o e

im p tan t chang s in his pini ns by app aling t h

or e o o e o t e

t ms f th c v nan t f his Chu ch I t was inv k d 1

er O e o e o r . o e

t hus a l y in t h
e r in t s ts f a p g ssiv h l gy as
e e re o ro re e t eo o

agains t s tagnati n I th d dicat y p is tl t his b k o . n e e or e e o oo

on Th D f e f t
ih S p t i ( 6 8
fer en ces o ) h sa y s e e ara on 1 0 e

Al h t i i w i i m i he i w i h
ou g h n th s r h t ng so e th n g t re s h c ov er thw ar te t

m y f om j d m
r e r i m u ig m en tm li d n so e tr e a t s es by e f or er l y p u b sh e

w ld i im
,

ye t I o u d n tr e at th e r ea er n ot pu te th at a s a f a u l t u n to
to
m e i
R at h e r ld b t vi s h ou e a c c ou n te d a r t ue t o r e tr a c t er r o r s

K w l f im
. .

no ,f th e r e or e , b
t ha t att e r th o u g hts o tt e s ar e ette r t h a n th e
f m
or d
er , d an f i (I m o p r o es s ) th s th a t no a n ac c o u n t it s tr an g e

th at I w i ll v m e h l b di
er y v d
d ay as y e r r or s s al e s co er e , c on fe s s

th e m a n d r e n ou n c e th e m . F or i t i s ou r cov en a n t ma d e w i th ou r

G od to f or sake ev ery ev i l way , whether i n opi n i on or p r a cti ce tha t s ha l l

be ma n if ested un to us a t a ny An d , t her e for e , l e t n o m an p ea d
ti me l
i
.

n ow , as so me v
h a e for m er l y d on e , the se m en ar e n c on st an t,
‘

w ld v
t h ey ou w w ha e the y k n o n ot h at, the y l n e er b e s a t i s e d ,’
wil v fi
an d h li t e f ke F or w e p r o e s s th a t w e i iar e n con s tan t n

w ld h v i l
.

e rr or , t h at w e i pou a e th e tr u th , th ou gh n m an y ar t c u ar s

we iar e f i g n or an t o t .

T his s ms t m d cisiv ee vid nc that B adf d was

o e e e e e e r or

righ t in his d sc i pti n f th c v nan f Smi h s e r o o e o e t o t

’

Chu ch and that it n t f am p li tud was iginal t

r ,
s o e o e or o

it a t hr t han an aft
er t h u gh t H w f J hn Smi h e r -
o . o ar o t
was ind b t d t a li w i t s f th t ms f this
e e o e r er r er or e er o

J x
F r an cis ohn son d i d
1 m e actl y the sa e thi ng in his I n
qu i r i e an d A n s wer
of Thomas Whi te, 1 606 .

88
 S m i th H elw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

I t a k i t t ha t Jac b g t th
e t ms f t his g n al o o e er o e er

c v nan t f m J hn R bins n and th m mb s f th

o e ro o o o e e er o e

L yd n Chu ch wi t h wh m h had c nf
e e r d th , o e o err e on e

subj ct and by wh s x am pl h was l d t ta k th

e , o e e e e e o e e

s t p f m Pu i tanism m d ifi d s p a ati n I t l ks
e ro r to a o e e r o . oo

o
“
as if nly th m m mb s t k p a t in th ini tial e en e er
”
oo r e

c v nan ting in this cas unl ss w assum th masculin

o e e, e e e e e

h t includ th f minin F u t n y a s lat wh n

er e o e e e e . o r ee e r er , e

t his Chu ch was und t h p as t al ca

r f J hn L a th p er e or re o o ro

i n w d it c v an t Th w s m wh
t re e e s o en . ere e re o e o

wan t d it t b k y d p t a high p i tch and mad t

e o e e e u o er , e o

includ an x plici p t s t agains y Pa ish Chu ch s

e e t ro e t e r r e ,
”

b t th maj i ty s t d
u e th l d t ms
or Th y s lv d oo to e o er . e re o e

to w a l la tog ether i n a ll the w ay s of G od so f ar as he ha th

m a de hn ow n to as , or s ha l l m a he hn ow n to a s, an d to

f or s a he a l l f a lse w ay s , and t this o t he s v al m mb s

e er e er

subsc ib d h i hands
r e t e r .
” 1

T h c v nan s f th N w E ngland Chu ch s w

e o e t o e e r e e re

f am d in much th sam t ms and qui in h sam

r e e e er te t e e

s p i I his c nn c i n w m y w ll call h p a t
ir t . n t o e t o e a e re t e r

ing advic f J hn R bins n th s p ilg ims wh w n t

e o o o o to o e r o e

out f m L yd n N w E ngland h g n al d if f
ro e e to e ,
t e e er r t o

which was indica d by E dwa d Winsl w s m y a s te r o o e e r

la in his B i f N
ter i “ H p t us in mind r e a r r a t on .
2
e u
”
,

says Winsl w f “ Chu ch c v nan o l as t hat o ou r r o e t, at e t

,

p a f
rt i t whO b y w p mis and c v nan t wi h er e
‘
e ro e o e t
G d and o w i h an h c iv wha s v ligh t
on e t ot er to re e e t oe er

or u h shall b mad k n wn us f m his w i n

tr t e e o to ro r tte
W d b t wi hal x h d us t tak h d wha w
or ,
’
u t e or te o e ee t e

c iv d f t u h and w ll x amin and c m pa i

re e e or r t , e to e e o re t
and w igh i wi h h Sc i ptu s f t u h b f w
e t t ot er r re o r t e or e e

1 Tr a n sact i on s of B ap ti st Hi stor i ca l S oci ety , an uary. J 1 9 1 0, p . 225 .

9 App en ded to hi s Hyp ocr i si e Vn rn ashed , 1 64 6 . p 99 . .

9 0
 L i vi ng S t on e s o f the T em p l e
c iv d it F sai th h it is t p ssibl th Ch is tian
re e e . or , e, no o e e r

w ld sh uld c m
or olat ly t f such hic k an i
o e so e ou o t t
ch is ian da k n ss and tha full p f c i n f k n wl dg
r t r e ,
t er e t o o o e e

sh uld b ak f th t nc Th s w ds in k p
o re or a o e . o e or are ee

ing wi h th s p i i t f R bins n s lat minis t y I is

t e r o o o
’
er r . t
cl a hat Winsl w ga d d th t ms f th Gains
e r t o re r e e er o e

b ugh L yd n Plym u h c v nan t as sanc ti ning a

oro -
e e -
o t o e o

p g
ro ssiv re u l k in e ligi n
o and as
t oo
pp s d t an re o ,
o o e o

abs lu finali ty in h l gy
o te t eo o .

T h Chu ch f Ch is was
e r w in t h o
p ini n f t h
r s t no ,
e O o o e e

ip us p pl nc m
o eo t p
e, o in t h i dis teic t T h or e s e
y u e r r . e

t h ms lv s w
e e t h living s t n s f t h m y s ical t m p l
e ere e o e o e t e e

o f G d T o wha t a g a s p nsibili ty and digni y

. o re t re o t
th y w e call d ! I lif d t h i liv s
ere e f h t te e r e ou t o t e

c mm n p lac and fill d th m wi th a high p u p s

o o e e e r o e .

A ft th p i d f d ub ing and h si t a t i n i s
er e er o O m dt o t e o ,
t ee e o

t h m t ha t h y had
e w nt t d a hav n f h av nly
e no e ere e o e e

p ac
e and h
e, y f und in th i Chue ch f ll wshi
o p and t e r r e o

disci p lin a m ans f divin g ac

e e O h M B na d o e r e. ,
r . er r ,

e
“
x claims J hn Smi h if y k n w b h c mf t
o t 1
ou e ut t e o or
,

and p w f h L d s dinanc s f adm ni i n and

o er o t e or
’
or e o o t o

e x c mmunicati n as w d ( bl ss d b
o o g d G d) e o e e e ou r oo o

in s m m asu and t ha t g wt h and f mati n

o e e r e, ro r e or o

which is in s m f us th by y w uld b w nd o e O er e ,
ou o e so o er

fully avish d wi h h p w f G d s dinanc s ha t

r e t t e o er O o
’
or e t

y ou w uld ac k no wl dg h Chu ch t b o ibl eas an e t e r o e t er r e

a m y wi h bann s and y amiabl and l v l y c m l y

r t er ,
et e o e , o e

and b au iful in much as Ch is t hims lf sai h ha h

e t ,
so r e t t t t e

l v f th Chu ch is fai
o e o e R bins n als
r sp aks r.
”
o o o e

o
“
in gl wing t ms f th x p im n tal c mf s that
er o e e er e o ort
”

cam t th m in h i Chu ch s ta t whil v n

e o e t e r r e e, e e e

of 1 60 7, 8 , in cor po rated in P a r a l lel es

1 Le tter
“J fi
.

9
usti W cati on o f S epar ati on , or hs i i .
, 2 23 .

9 1
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

B na d admi ts tha t s m w d awn t j in th s

er r o e er e r o o e e

d s pis d S p a a is ts b caus f th l v and ca h y

e e e r t e e O e o e re t e
disp lay d f an h
e o r on e ot er .

Th Chu ch b ing w c ns ti t ut d by c v nan t

e r ,
e no o e o e ,

s n had t p c d t d al wi th p ac ic l ma tt s f
oo o r o ee o e r t a er o

in t nal ganisati n Th m mb s had t d cid

er or o . e e er o e e

h w and wh t h y sh uld m th L d s D y
’
o t
e re e o ee on e or a ,

and wh m t h y sh uld ch s t h ffic f minis t

o e o oo e o t e o e o er .

T h s p p l b cam t w dis t inc t b di s

e e eo e Chu ch s
e e o o e ,
or r e ,

in ga d f dis tanc f p lac and did c g gat

re r o e O e, on re e

s v all y f h y w
e er ,
f s v al t wns and villag s
or t e e re o e er o e

s m in N t inghamshi s m in Linc l shi and

o e o t re , o e o n re ,

s m f Y k shi wh th y b d d n a s t
o e o or re , e re e or e re e re

t g th
o e I th er . f t h s Chu ch s b sid s t h s
n e on e o e e r e ,
e e o er

o f n t was M J hn Smi h a man f abl gif s and a

o e, r . o t ,
o e t

g d p ach wh af wa ds was ch s n h i pas t

oo re er, o t er r o e t e r or .
”

Th c c tn ss f B adf d s na a tiv is b n t by ’
e o r re e o r or rr e or e ou

a c m pa is n wi th th p inci p l s a pp v d by th
o r o e r e ro e e

S p a a tis ts f th ch ic f pas t s and ffic s f th

e r or e o e o or o er O e

Chu ch Smi th did

r . b c m th i minis as a n ot e o e e r ter
matt f c u s er o t nc H n unc d his
o r e or a o e . e re o e
“O d s and was a sim l m mb ”
f t h Ch ch b ut
r er , p e e er O e ur ,

his gif s ma k d him t f th ffic f minis t t

t r e ou or e O e o e r, o

which h was in d t im l c t d by his f ll w m mb s

e ue e e e e e o e er .

R bins n s p a k s a p p vingl y f t his c u s as t h

o o e ro o o r e e on e

t ak n by th
e a ly C n in n tal R f m d Chu ch s
e e r o t e e or e r e
“T h l fi s t s
eo a a t ing t h ms lv s f m id la t r
p p e p e r y e e e e ro o r ,

and j ining t g th in th f ll wshi p f th G s p l

so o o e er e e o o e o e ,

w f t w d wh n th y had fit m t call
e re a er ar s, e e en , o

t h m in t t h ffic f minis t y B na d sc nfully ” 1

e o e o e o r . er r or

J fi W
u sti cati on of S eparation . or hs i i .
, p . 2 32 .

9 2
 Chu r ch at Sc r o o b y
T he
says f Smi th H was mad minis t b y B ish p
o : e
1
e er o

Wic k ham ; ha t by and by in B wnis m h t , ,

ro ,
e re

n ou n c ed and was mad Minis t by T ad sm n and e er r e e

call d hims lf Th Pas t f th Chu ch t Gains

e e
‘
e or o e r a

b ugh
ro B t Smi th
.
’
t g at s by this l c ti n
u se re er t o re e e o

than
“
O d s which th bish p c nf d I ”
on r er e o o er re .

re c iv d h says and d main tain m y minis t y f m

e e ,
” 9
e ,
o r ro

t ha t p a t icula Chu ch wh
r f I am Pas t which b th
r r e re o or , a

t h wh l p w
e o e f Ch is t minis t ial d l ga t d t
o er o h r er , e e e o er

f m Ch is t h husband wh n h c n t ac t d wi h h
ro r er e e o r e t er .
”

T h s c nd Chu ch which had Sc

e e o by as a c n t r ,
ro o e re

and dina ily m t in th man h us ccu p i d by

or r e e or o e o e

W illiam B ws t subs q n tly ch s J hn R bins n

re er, e ue o e o o o

as p as t I t l k d t J hn Smi th f advic and

or . oo e o o or e

guidanc I f w m y ta k th L t t w i t n t
e .
“ e a e e e re ,
3
r t e o

c t ain b th n in S by J hn Sm yth as add ss d

er re re . o ,
”
re e to

th s o e t Sc aby h was a t u p p h t as t th i
r oo ,
e r e ro e o e r

fu tu re A l t h ugh y
. b t f w in numb oy t ou ar e u e e r, e

c nsid ing tha t th k ingd m f h av n is as a g ain

o er e o o e e r

O f mus t a d s d small in t h b ginning I d

r ee t d ub t
,
e e ,
o no o

b t y
u m y in im g w p t a mul t i t ud and b
ou a t e ro u o e e,

as it w a g at t full f f ui tful b anch s which I

e re , re ree o r r e ,

unf ign dly d si b th n in y u b half t th

e e e r e, re re , o r e a e

L d s hands T his h p was am p l y alis d in th

’ ”
or . o e re e e

aft his t y f th Sc by Chu ch b t

er or O c nc n is e ro o r ,
u our o er

wi th th p a n t chu ch t Gainsb ugh and it l ad s

e re r a or o s e er .

W hav s n t ha t th d cisi n t f ll w th l ading

e e ee e e o o o o e e

o f c nsci nco and t p a Chu ch acc ding t th

e e se u r or o e

N w T s t am n t p a tt n b ugh t p ac
e e f mind t t h s
e er ro e e o o e e

1
B ern ar d 5 F l a m e E v den ces , p 2 0
'

i
. .

9
P a r a l l el es 1 609 , p ,z .

3
A ppe n d ed to P a r a l l el es T his l etter h as bee n so tak en , bu t i t
. seems to
me p oss i bl e th at th e b r ethr en m 8 m a
y b e b r eth r en i n S u ff o l k . .

93
 S m i th H el wys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

e a n s t p pl b t it swiftl y inv lv d th m in di ffic l ti s

r e eo e, u o e e u e

wi th th w ld and wi th th ccl sias tical au th i ti s

e or e e e or e .

Th y w e ma k d t nc by th i abst n t i n f m th
e re r e a o e e r e o ro e

s vic s and c mmuni n t th i p a ish chu ch s Th

er e o o a e r r r e . e

machin y f th s pi i tual c u ts was t in m ti n

er o e r o r se o o

against th m Smi t h hims l f na wly scap d a s t

e . e r ro e e r re

on tw ccasi ns by th p u suiv an t
o o o ffic f th e r ,
”
or O e r, o e

e ccl sias tical c u t G as N vill and J an H l wy

e o r . e rv e e e o e s

w ca i d ff t Y k and im p is n d Fin s w
ere rr e O o or r o e . e e re

l vi d
e e William B ws t R icha d Jac k s n and
on re er, r o ,

R b t R ch s t
o er T qu t B adf d nc m
o e er. o o e r or o e o re ,
‘
s m w t a k n and cl p p d p in p is ns th s
o e e re e a e u r o , o er

had th i h us s b s t and watch d nigh t and d y and

e r o e e e e a

ha dl y sc p d th i hands and th m s t w fain

r e a e e r ,
e o ere to
fl y and l av th i h us s and habi t ati ns and th
e e e r o e o e

m ans f h i liv lih d I h s ci cumst nc s th

e o t e r e oo .
”
n t e e r a e e

t h ugh t s
o f Smi th w uld na t u all y t u n t
O his l d o r r o O

tu t F ancis J hns n wh banish d f m E ngland

o r, r o o ,
o, e ro

on acc un t f ligi n had f und a ha b u f fug

o o re o ,
o r o r o re e

in A ms t dam t g th wi th m ny m mb s f th
er ,
o e er a e er o e

L nd n S p a a t is t Chu ch
o o e I f th was p ssibili ty
r r . e re no o

O f maining p ac abl y in E ngland th Gainsb ugh

re e e e oro

Chu ch might als s k a s ting p lac in H lland

r o ee re e o .

A s h law f th land th n s t d x il was th

t e O e e oo e e e

n c ssa y c lla y f s p a a ti f m th Chu ch

e e r o ro r o e r on ro e r

O f E ngland Th A t f t h p unishm n t
. f p s ns
e c
1
or e e O er o

o bs tinat ly fusing t c m t chu ch p ass d in

e re o o e o r ,
e

1 593 had ,
b n n w d in t heefi s t y a f K ing
re e e e r e r O

Jam s A bs nc f m n s p a ish chu ch f a

e . e e ro o e
’
r r or

m n th at t ndanc t y unau th is d ass mbly

o ,
or e e a an or e e or

m t i g und c l u
ee n p t nc
er f y x cis
o o f r or re e e o an e er e o

1 N eal , i .
, p 4 26
. .

94
 M ig ra t i o n
D at e o f
re ligi n nd d liabl t c nvic ti n and im p is n
o ,
re e re on e e o o o r o

m n t wi th u t bail I f h c nvic t d p s n did t

e o . t e o e er o no

c nf m wi thin th m n hs h was t abju h

o or re e o t e o re t e

re alm and g in t p p tual banishm n J hn Smi th

o o er e e t . o

and his f i nds w w ll awa f this law and it ma k s

r e ere e re o ,
e

th i e r act f s p a a t i n all h m
o e h ic Th y c uld
r o t e o re ero . e o

no t h p o sca p att n i n and wi hin a f w m n ths

e to e e e t o ,
t e o

t h y had t p p a
e t l av t h land f h i bi th
o re re o e e e O t e r r .

D M AT E O F H I G R AT I O N T o O L LA N D

I am inclin d t p lac t h mig a

e t i n f t h oGains e e r o o e

b ugh Chu ch t wa ds th cl s f h y a 6 7 in
oro r o r e o e o t e e r 1 0 or

th e a ly w k s f 6 8 V y li k l y Smi th and his

e r ee o 1 0 . er e

c m pany t k a fav u abl pp uni y f shi pping

o oo o r e O or t t o

di c t f m Gainsb ugh by w y f th T n t t h
re ro o ro a o e re o t e

H umb and er t t h p n and

s o ou ac ss t t h io t e o e sea ro o e r

d si d hav n A ppa n tly th y did t a pply f

e re e . re e no or

l av lic nc t mig a b t t k th ma in t
e e or e e o e r t e, u oo e tte r o

th i e r ow h nds Th i sudd n wi hd awal p

n a . th p t e r e t r ut e or

au h i i s th al t and w uld s m t hav mad i

t or t e on e er o ee o e e t
di fficul t f h m mb s f h Sc by Chu ch t g t
or t e e er o t e r oo r o e

away wh n h y t a f w m n hs la t s lv d by a
e t e oo ,
“ e o t e r, r e o e
,

j in t c ns n t
o o t g in t
e h L w C un i s J hn
o o o t e o o tr e . o

C tt n af wa ds p ach b h B s n L inc lnshi

o o , te r r re er ot at o to ,
o re ,

and B s n N w E ngland t lls us tha Smi h had

o to ,
e , e t t

pro mis d Clife n and R bins n tot t g v o o no o o o er to

J hns n wi h u t h i c ns n s and t h y u t ly
o o t o t e r o e t ,
e t er

dissuad d him h f m as f a ing his ins tabili ty

e t e re ro e r .

A d y t c n a y t hi p mis h w n
n e o tr r v t him o s ro e e e t o er o ,

w hich l d him in t e manif s t t m p ta i ns and ab a o e e t o e rr

t i ns Th is n thing t su p p t his accusati n f

” 1
o . er e o o or t o o

1
Cotton ’
s Way of the Congr eg a ti on al Chu r ches Cl ear ed , p 6 . .

95
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

b ach f fai th C tt n s na ativ b a s ma k s f

re o . o o
’
rr e e r r o

d p nd nc u p n h a say in this pa ticula and h

e e e e o e r r r, e co n

fus s Smi th s x p ss d int n ti n b f h was an

e
’
e re e e o ,
e ore e

ab lu S p a atis t f g ing t call J hns n t A ms t

so te e r ,
o o o re o o a er

dam f m his x t m p si i n wi h his ac tual fligh t t

ro e re e o t o , t o

t ha t ci y af t h had b c m a t h
te r ughg ing S pa atis t
e e o e or o o e r .

H t h ugh t says C
e o n h c uld hav gain d his
, o tto , e o e e

t t
u or J hns n f m th
o o s f his igid s pa ati n
ro e e r ror o r e r o .
”

B t u h t im
at t f his mig a i n tha t was
e e o f th las t r t o on e o e

t hings Smi t h w uld wan d o t to o .

I is vid n t t ha t t his Gainsb

t e e ugh Chu ch was fully or o r

c ns ti tu t d and ngag d in th x cis f disci plin

o e e e e e er e O e

b f it l ft E ngland Disci plin was th caus f

e ore e . e e e o

much di fficul ty in th a l y S pa at ist Chu ch s T h s e e r e r r e . o e

wh o s n t d a Chu ch s n nc l t h i g i vanc b
re e e r e te e e t e r r e e e

wid ly k n wn Th h l pful and succ ssful ins tanc s f

e o . e e e e o

disci p lin w e t ch nicl d by th w ld B na d

e re no ro e e or . er r

h a d f s m sing la x am pl s
e r o o e u r e e

M S mi r. h th,
d i
” 1
i x mm i i
e s a ys , en e s the r r a sh e co u n c at n g

a n y, a nd il m
y ta
e m ta x mm i d f i
or a on g th e w as e co u n c a te or tak ng

se v l l i f m ki
e n s hi n gs bl ord H d i a ng a D ou et an o s e an s tan d n g in
the l wf l i f i ; b
a u ta k ng o il id h t e ca u se a n o ther ta or sa e ou gh t to
h v a e d b ha i li A i h d ( b f
ut fiv e sh y l n gs. ga n , e an th ey e ore t he
w v ) x mm i d ( h C p [ i ] G i b h)
en t o er e co u n c a te on e t e a ta n at a ns or ou g

for i
hea r w p
ng th e
d b Mi i or d i r e a c he y our n s ter . Is n ot th s

a b i
u se x mm i i
n e co un c at on

Th u tt
e nunciat i n by th s S pa atis ts f all
er re o e e e r o

re ligi us f ll wshi p wi th m mb s f th Chu ch f

o e o e er o e r o

E ngland us d much h stili ty agains t h m R bins n

ro e o t e . o o

did t t fi s t g f in this di c ti n as Smi th H

no a r o so ar re o . e

c n tinu d t j in wi th Anglican f i nds in p iva t ac t

o e o o r e r e s

1 P l a i ne E v idences, 1 6 1 0. p . 1 1 7.

9 6
 C HA P TE R VI

JOHN S MI T H IN A MS T E RD A M— P R I N C I P L E S AN D

I N F E RE N CES V CO N C E R N I N G T H E
H H I S I B LE C URC

A V in A ms t dam Smi th w uld hav h

RRI ED er ,
o e t e

O
pp unior t
y f c nf nc wi
t h his ol d f i nd
o F ancisere e t O r e r

o o
“
J hns n and wi th H n y A insw h h ach and e r or t t e te er,
”
, ,

o th l adi g m m b s f h x il d E nglish Ch ch
er e n e er O t e e e ur .

t
“
Smi h calls this th A nci n t Chu ch W hil h and his e e r . e e

s ci y n d in t f i ndly in t c u s wi h J hns n s
o et e te re o r e er o r e t o o
’

Chu ch h y main tain d th i dis tinc g nisa i n and

r ,
t e e e r t or a t o

w n v abs b d by th ld s ci ty Th sam
e re e er or e e O er o e . e e

m y b said f t h Sc
a e by Chu ch und t h pas t al
o e r oo r er e or

ca f J hn R bins n T h w al ady di ff nc s
re o o o o . ere e re re e re e

o f acc n b t w n t h s s v al g u p s
e t e T h c af sm n
ee e e e er ro . e r t e

f L nd n wh f m d a la g p p t i n f J hns n s
’
o o o ,
o or e r e ro or o o o o

s ci ty w f a diff n t s am p f m th inland m
o e ,
e re o e re t ro e en

f m t h N th Midlands w h had b n mainl y

ro e or ,
o ee c on

c n d wi h husband y I n tima p s nal k n wl dg

er e t r . te er o o e e

O f an th and th suff i gs th y had ndu d in

on e o er e er n e e re

c mm n t t s p a k f ti s f k inshi p and a ff c ti n
o o , no o e o e o e o ,

b und h chu ch s f m Gainsb ugh and Sc by

o t e r e ro oro ro o

in t s m thing f th natu f ligi us clans B t

o o e o e re o re o . u on

th i fi s t a ival th was int c mmuni n b tw n

e r r rr e re er o o e ee

th m and th Chu ch und J hns n T his did t

e e r er o o . no

endu f man y m n ths B adf d call d mi d in

re or o . r or re e to n

aft y a s a saying u tt d by Smi h t this tim which

er e r e re t a e

9 8
 Chu r ch T he Visibl e
sh ws h was w ll awa f th s p nsibili ti s d
o e e re O e re o e an

er
“
dang s f lib ty T ul y said h w b ing w
O
“ er . r
”
e e e no
,

c m in a plac f lib ty
o e to in g a t dang if w e o er a re re er e

l k t w ll
oo no ways f w e lik m to t up nou r or e a re e e n se o

th i e and h f m y asil y slid and fall

ce t e re o r e a e e .
” 1

I hin k i m us t hav b n wi hin a f w w k s

t t f his e ee t e ee O

a ival that h p t t th p ss a li t tl b k wi th a Vi w
rr e u o e re e oo e

t l o k ing w ll t t h wa y s f his Chu ch and i t m mb s

oo e o e o r s e er .

I t is p ssibl th t it was d af d b f
o e h l f E nglanda r te e ore e e t .

It b a s im p in t I i l uns a f ll ws
e r no r . ts t t e r s o o

P inci p l s and inf nc s c nc ni g h V isibl

r e ere e o er n t e e

Chu ch wi th th qu ta ti n f f u v s s f Sc i p tu
r ,
e o o o o r er e o r re,

o t e
“
am ng h m significan tly J b x i x 9 A l l my s c t o . 1 : e re
, ,

f i nds abh d m and th y wh m I l v d t u n d

r e or r e e e o o e are r e

agai s t m f ll w d b y th dat
n e,
”
o o e e e,

T his w k is c m p s d wi h s t udi d b vi ty
or I t is o o e t e re .

alm st n i ly p ac tical and p si iv s tting t th

o e t re r o t e, e ou e

r ul s f f ming d ing and uling a Chu ch acc ding

e or or ,
or er r r or

t ot h p inci p l s indica t d in t h N w T s t am n t and

e r e e e e e e ,

t h inf e nc s l gi timat ly t b d awn f m th c ds

e re e e e o e r ro e re or

t h giv n f h ac ti n f t h Ap s tl s Th p
e re e o t e o O e o e . e re

f ato r
y add ss giv s a fav u abl
re x am p l f h e o r e e e O t e

incisiv s tyl which Smi th had t c mmand

e e a o .

“T H E A U R
T HO T o T HE RE A DR E

LO her e , g en t l e Re a d e r , a s h or t d e s c r p ti on of the n e w T e s tam en t i

w hi ch wa s on c e l
e s t ab i s h e d b y the b o o d of C hr s t a fter tha t th e l i
ol d t e s ta m en t b y th e b ood l of t h at h i s c r o ss was d i ll d san n u e

w b w ix
.

R e m e m b e r t h a t t he r e b e a l a ys di ff e r en c e p u t e t
a t the
co v e n an t Of gra c e an d th e i
m an n er of d sp e n s n g i t, h c h i s tw o i wi
fo l d — th e for m of a d m n ii v
s t eri n g t he c o e n a n t b ef or e t h e d e ath

1 Y ou n g s
’
Chr on i cl es f
o the P i lg ri ms, p 4 50
. .

99
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

o f C i w hi i ll d
hr st ld ch m sd ca f m e f th e O t e s ta en t an th e or o

a d mi i i v
n ster n g i t he
d h f C i co wi i
e n an t s n ce th e e at o hr st h ch s

ca ll d e t hem h n ewi d m fh v
T e sta li
e n t or t e k ng o O ea en . I n t hi s ttl e
i
tr e a t di
se fC i f
t he or i i f
n an c es o v hr st or t he d sp en s n g o th e co en an t

i h d h
s n ce is ib e at d i
ar e m d es cr h ed Re a c on s d er , co p a r e th e t r u t
x d w i h f m mi i v m f
.
,

h er e e p r e ss e d th t e ra e, n s tr y an go e rn en t o t he
a s se mb li f l es O di the i an d , J d an d a c cor n gl y g ve s e n t en c e u ge
i i f ll w
.

r ghte ou sjdm dl u w b
g en t a n et p ract ce a n s er a l e t o th e tr u t h o o

th e r e u p on . fm v h w d b
F ea r n ot th e f a c e o an , lo e n ot t e or l e n ot

iv d wi l f w ll
,

d ece e A th t he C s h ap e of n ge s o l ight . ast a ay a pre

j di
u i
ce a g a n st m mb A i i i
th e t r u th i mi Re e er th a t n t c hr s t a n s s a

i iq i d l d i
.

m ys ter y o f i b n uw ty an th a t t e g an to or k e a r y ur n g the
A l if
p ost e s w b l i l d li
’
l e an d hi
so gr e y d tt e an ttl e t o t s s tr e n g th an

ex l i f mw i i
a tat on d li
ro b v l m
h c h t s h al l ec ne y d e gr e e s e e n t i l t h e an

o f b d
s in d wh m h L [
e ]
e s tr oye l m w i h o t e or d s h al con s u e t t he
b i h
r g tn e ssf i mi f G d w i h
o h s co d m h ng w or o h c c on e n et t he hore
b l w ll ”
o f Ba y i ond F s a s tr on g L or . ar e e .

his w
In t visibl chu ch is d fin d as a
ork
“the e r
”
e e

visibl c mmuni n f sain t all f wh m

e o o o s o o are to

b e acc un t d f i thful and l c

o ill th y by
e a e e t t e

o bs i acy in i and ap s acy d cla th c n a y

t n s n o t e re e o tr r .
” 1

A visibl c mmuni n f sain s is f w e h o m o o t o t o, t re e or o re

sain ts j in d g th by c v nan t wi h G d and h m

o e to e er o e t o t e

s lv s f ly
e e ,
all h h ly hings f G d acc ding
ree to use t e o t O o or

h W d f h i mu ual d ifi i and G d s ’
to t e or or t e r t e c at o n o

or
“
gl y This is th nly ligi us s ci y tha G d
.
” 9
e o re o o et t o

hath dain d f m or a th all h s such as

e or en on e r
”
ot er

abb ys m nast i s nunn i s ca th d als c ll gi

e ,
o er e ,
er e , e r ,
o e

a s pa ish s
te r
“
unlawful Th u visibl chu ch
e
”
ar e .
3
e tr e e r
, ,

ha h p w t c iv
t o M mb s in t c mmuni n
er o re e e e er o o o

( )2O ffic s in f fic er to o e .

A l ad y Smi th has giv n

re p h n i n t ha h e u t e ot o t t e

3 P 9
8 . . .
 S hi ithfffl el wys and
(

B ap tis t Origins
We m ay safe l y p ic t u re the mann f Smi h s w er o t
’
o n

or dina i n f m h pa icula s h giv n I had b

t o ro t e rt r e re e . t , to e

by im p si i n f hands o I t ob l ng d o h wh l . t e o e to t e o e

chu ch r
y f d sa k h fi ets m mb s l
or y or er
’
e t e tte t e er a

on hands and p f m all h th pa icula s f dina er o r ot er e rt r O or

ti n f and in h nam f h wh l chu ch

o or t e e o t e o e r .
” 1

O H CH H FF I C E R S OF T E U RC

Th ffic s e f th O u visibl Chu ch

er all
o e tr e e r ar e

abs lu ly d sc ib d in th w d f G d Th s ffic s
o te e r e e or o o . e e O er

a re o f w s s t B ish ps ; ( ) D ac ns
o ort o 2 e o .

“T h B ish s als call d ld s P sb s

( ) 1
p e E o
y are o e er or re t er .

T h B ish p s e E ld s j in l y o g h call d h
or er o t to et e r ar e e t e

E ld shi p er P sbyt y or re er

Th E ld shi p c nsis
e h f 3 s s f p s ns
er o te t o or t o er o

or fli O viz h ( ) Pas
cers , h
( ) T ach
.
; ( )
: t e a t or e er c

Gv n s
o er or .

“A l l h E ld s B ish ps mus b p t ach

t e er or o t e a t to e .

Th Pas is a bish p x c lling in h w d

e to r o e e t e or

of wisd m xh a i n
o h is call d h A ng l
or e ort t o e e t e e
9

o f h chu ch
t e r .

T h T ach is a bish p x c lling i th w d f

e e er o e e n e or o

k n wl dg
o d c in
e e or o tr e.
“T h G v n eis a bish p x c lling in h quali y f
o er or o e e t e t O

wis g v nm n
e o er e t .

“Th Pas and T ach hav als p w

e tor e er e o o er to
adminis h Sac am n s te r t e r e t .
” 3

1
P . 17 .

9
Com p ar e the u se O f thi s n am e for th e highest offi cer i n th e G en era l
B a pti s t C h u r ch e s— An g el or Messen g er ; al so the r egu l ar u se amon g th e
o l d G en er al B a ti s t s d o
p
d esign a te their p as tors
n t o the
p r es en t d a
y w
o f t he term
“E l d er t o

9 P 18 .

1 02
 Chu r ch O fli c er s and t h ei r D u t i e s
T h s th e e s t s f ffi c s says Smi th
r ee or
“ O O er are c on
, ,

v san t ab u t th s ul and s pi i t ual p a t f man H

er o e o r r O . e

t h n d als w i t h t h t asu y and i t

e e ffic s e re r s o er
“T h D ac ns ffic s ccu i d ab u h
( ) 2 e e p o t t ar e O er o e o e

w k f m cy s p c ting th b d y
or s o er reu twa d man e e o or o r .

T h D ac ns
e e ( ) M
o ; ( ) W ar em n d ac1 ns en 2 or o e e o or

wid ws o .

( )I M d ac ns c ll c t and dis t ibu t wi th sim

en e o o e r e

p l ic i ty t h chu ch s t easu y acc dingr

t t h
’
chu chre s r ,
or o e r
’

n c ssi i s and th sain t s ccasi ns

e e t e e
’
o o .

T h chu ch s t asu y is ilv g ld m yw th

’
e r re r S e r, o or on e or

f ly giv n by th m mb s f th visibl chu ch f

re e e e e er o e e r or

t h c mm n g
e o d o oo .

“Th chu ch s t asu

e is h rl ’
r o
y y re .

N n f t h s t ha t
o e o wi h u t m y cas t f th i
o e ar e t o a O e r

g ds in t th t asu y l s th t asu y b p llu t d

oo o e re r e t e re r e o e .
” 1

( ) 2 W m n d ac ns o wid ws e f 6e y a s o f or o are o 0 e r o

a g e qualifi d acc ding t et h A p s t l s ul or T i m v 9 o e o e

’
r e, 1 . .
,

re li ving th b dily i fi miti f th sain ts wi th

e e o n r es o e

ch fuln ss
eer e .
” 2

Hi h t f t h chu ch s p w
t er o o f c iving in e w r
’
o er o re e no

f ll w th th chu ch s p w f p s vin g and k p ing

o o e e r
’
o er o r e er ee

wi hit n .

T h Pas t s chi f nd av u mus t b t ma k th ’

e or e e e o r e o e e

chu ch z al us h ly and b di n t
r e o o o e e .

“Th T ach s chi f ca

e e mus t b t p s v th
er
’
e re e o re er e
e

chu ch f m gn anc and

r ro i or e er ro r .

Th chi f ffic f th G v n s c nsis t th in

e e o e o e o er or o e

p s
re er ving p ac and d in teh Chu e ch or er e r .

“Th D ac ns chi f cae e must b t hat n n f th

o
’
e re e o e o e

z x The t e ts
P 20. .
v r eferr ed
J 7— to h ere ar e 2 Cor . iii .
4 os . v i. 1 19 .

1 03
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

sain ts wan t b dily n c ssi ti s and tha t d p visi n b

o e e e ue ro o e

mad f h ly things and p s ns

e or o and that wi h er o t
sim p lici y t .

“Th Wid ws chi f ffic is t visi t and

e o
’
li v th e O e o re e e e

wid ws fa th l ss sic k lam blind im p t n t w m n

o ,
er e , ,
e, ,
o e ,
o e

wi h child and dis as d m mb s f th chu ch

t , e e e er O e r .

“T h ca f h E ld shi p mus t b t
e re o d di ct
t e er e o or e r, re ,

and m d a th public ac ti ns f th chu ch

o er te e o o e r .

T h p ph t s chi f ca mus t b t s lv d ub ts ’
e ro e e re e o re o e o ,

di ff nc s and da k p lac s and t giv t u x p si ti ns

e re e r e o e r e e o o ,

t ansla t i n and
r c ncilia i ns f sc i p u
o re o t o o r t re .
“T h ffic f h as t and t ach in t ht x cis
e o p e o e or e er e e er e

o f p p h ci s is t m d a
ro e and d t m in all matt s
e o o er te e er e er

ou t f h w o dt e or .

Th ca ef t h wh l chu ch j in t l y mus t b t
re o e o e r o e o

k p h
ee
p w er giv n h b o
y Ch is t and
er t t suf fe er r ,
no o er

an y p n ok wne sin y yt
no ann y usu p a i n v or an r or r t o o er

th m
” 1
e .

S much t h n f
o c iving and taining m mb s
e or re e re e er .

Wha ab u t cas ting t h m t ? H th Chu ch p w

t o e ou as e r o er

to m v i ffic s ? Y f tw g unds a p s tasy

re o e ts o er es , or o ro ,
o

or disabili y ap s tasy is wh n ffic s shall fall t

t o e o er o

o p n id
e la t y a t
o h ism h s y
r t h
,
sins qui ep ll t ,
er e or o er e o en

o f th fi s e s c nd tabl Th ffic u p n p n tanc

r t or e o e . e o er o re e e

m y b t ain d as a m mb
a e f th chu ch b t
re e e er O e r u

t as an ffic
” 9
no o er.

a wh h an
r e, fli m y fus
et an f
erfic o cer a re e o e

im p s d u p n him by a lawful calling ?

o e o

a wh h th Chu ch m y su ff h ffic s t
r e, et er e r a er er O er o

b t ansla d f m h s lf t
e r te th Chu ch s u p n y
ro er e o o er r e o an

1 9 P. 2 4
F . 2 1. .

1 04
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
“T he au th or l d
en tr e atet h vil
the ge n t e r e a e r n ot to c a or

w r an g e a t l t he c o n t en ts i i
O f t h s p r e s en t T r e at s e , n or t o tr a d u c e

or c a l u m i n ate h i
s i b
p er s o n n b w i i d v
s e c r e t, ut y r t ng to i sco er th e
er r or s t h e r e of , wi d i
h ch he m b m i m
e s r e th
d ay e an fe st e to hi
i i h l f m h i b w
,

r e m e m b er n g th a t th er e n e s ha l ta l e or k
p er or a c ar

i f m i
.

F or h e t hat c on v e r t eth a s n n er f ro go n g a s tr a
y o u t o his w a y
sha l v l sa e a so u lf mdro d l hi d m l i d
e a th a n f i s h al e a u t tu e o s n s.

J am es v .

v m phasis u p n p ph syi g p p unding

T he o er - e o ro e n , ro o

and s lving d ub s aching and x h ing as dis inc

re o o t ,
te e ort ,
t t
f m ac s f p u d v i n d w shi p p ints a
ro t o re e ot o an or ,
o to
w a k ss in h Chu ch d h d sc ib d which was
e ne t e r or er e re e r e ,

s n oo sul in v aling g av diff nc s f p ini n

to re t re e r e e re e o O o .

N v e h l ss his li t l w k i f im p anc as sh wing

e rt e e ,
t t e or s O o rt e o

th high p lac which Smi h assign d

e h individuale t e to t e

Chu ch and f i ass t i n f h p inci p l f i d p

r or ts er o o t e r e o n e en

d n y I p s n d in d ly f m h m h d f
e e . t re e te or er or t e et o o

c ns i u ting and g la i g Chu ch s which s m d t

o t t re u t n r e ee e o

an a n iv d f h N w T s am n hav b n
tte t e r ea er O t e e e t e t to e ee

f ll w d by h Ap s l s I t d al t wi h a subj c f
o o e t e o t e . e t e t O

g a u g ncy in h ligi us ci cl s f ha d y which

re t r e t e re o r e o t t a ,

was p ssing u p n h minds f many d v u t E n glish

re o t e o e o

f l k I was wi th u t i nflu nc in sha ping h f m

o . t n ot o e e t e or

and d f h s E glish Chu ch s whic h w sub

or er O t o e n r e ere

s qu n ly ganiz d ap a f m h P s an R f m d
e e t or e rt ro t e r o te t t e or e

Chu ch f E ngland as by law s ablish d b h h

r O e t e ,
ot ere

and in A m ica er .

1 06
 C H A P TE R VI I

T H O MA S H E LWY S HI S P A R E N TA G E AN D F A MI L Y
H I S TO R Y— N O T I C E S OF THE E XO D U S TO HOL
LA N D B Y E N O C H C L A P H A M A N D JOS EPH H ALL

mus w u n f a li l w hil f m h s y f
WE t no t r or tt e e ro t e to r o

J h Smi h c nsid h lif f

o n t w h was cl s l y
to o er t e e o on e o o e

ass cia d wi h him in his ff s

o te p a ptu e ort to set u re r

Chu ch and in th p j c f ansf ing his Chu ch as a

r e ro e t O tr e rr r

b dy f m E ngland H lla d A f a y a
o ro w to o n . te r e r or t o

th was s m s a ching f h a am ngs a f w f

er e o e e r O e rt o t e O

th s f g s as wh h h y had d n igh l y i
e e re u ee to et er t e o e r t n

fl ing f m p s cu i n and h y p ass d s m f a k

ee ro er e t o ,
t e e o e r n

r t
“
c i icism u p n h guid s wh h d d awn h m o t e e o a r t e

Ov T
er his J hn R bins n j in d T h u h is
. o t o o o re o e e tr t ,

i W t M H l wi
as wh ab v all i h guid s
r . e s se o o e , e t er e or

ot h s fu th d his p assag in s ang c un i s ;

er ,
r e re t e to tr e o tr e

and if y b ugh t a s h b ugh sails as I c uld

an ro o r ,
e ro t ,
o

Sh w in many pa icula s and as all ha w

o rt r ,
t t er e

acqu in t d wi th th mann f
a e c ming v can e er O ou r o o er

wi n ss wi h m
t e t e .
” 1

R bins n h o f s Th mas H l wy f B
o w
e re r e e r to o e s, O r ox to e

H all in N inghamshi wh m m han ott y r e, to o or e t to an

ot h was imm dia ly d h p lan ing f h fi s

er e te ue t e t O t e r t
B p is Chu ch in E ngland R bins n s p lls h nam
a t t r . o o e t e e
“
indiff n tly H l wi e re H l wi in his f qu n t e s or e s se
”
re e

1
O f R eligiou s Commu n ion , Wor hs , iii .
, p . 1 59 .

1 07
 Smi t h Helwys and B ap t is t Ori gin s
,

f nc s t him b t th man hims lf and J hn Smi th

re e re e o ,
u e e o

w h k n w him m
o e in timat ly giv th f m H l wy o re e ,
e e or e s .

T h fa m il y had l ng b n s a t d in th B
e o tl w w p ee e e e ass e a a en

tak hund d f N tti gh m hi Th fi s t f nc

e or re o o n a s re . e r r e e re e

to t eh nam I hav n d ccu s in h y a 4 3 wh n

e e o te o r t e e r 12 ,
e

on th d y e f h A nnuncia t i n
a o f t h B l ss d Ma y
t e o O e e e r ,

R icha d r f H l wy
, wi tn ss d a cha t g an ting
s on O e e sa e e r er r

lands f m Hugh d D k m ro t t h A bb t William e u e an t o n o e o

and his c nv n t f W lb c k A m mb f this

o e o e e .
1
e er o

family J hn H l wy was ins t i tu t d t th Vica ag f

,
o e s, e o e r e O

E as t R f d A gus t 5
e t or
49 7 on t h p s n t a u 1 , 1 ,
on e re e

ti no f th O A chbish p f Y k
e d in
r 5 6 als o o or ,
an ,
I 0 , o

O b tain d th c t i s f Hayt n and O dsall A ma bl

e e re or e o o r . r e

slab in th fl f E as t R f d Chu ch
e oo r c d d his
o et or r re o r e

d a th
e

Hi j J c H l i Vi
ac et i d E oh an n es f d R e w s, c ar u s e as t R et or , ec tor

d e H ayto nO l q i b iiet mb i
r d s alA 5 u o t, 28 D ece r s nno 1 1 1

C j Am
” 9
m
u u s an i i ae p r op r e tu r D eu s . en .

T h famil y c m s in t cl a vi w wi t h R b t E lw s
e o e o e r e o er e

o f A s k ham a man f p a ts wh wi t h his wif I sab l

,
O r ,
o, e e ,

laid t h f undati ns f th fut u f tun f this

e o o o e re or e o

h us H mad his will Ma ch

o e . e e5 5 and w on r 1 1, 1 2 ,
e

ga h f m it ha t h was a man f sinc and h m l y

t er ro t e o er e o e

ip ty
e .

I iv mg ll e lm h i yd d
s ou hi m d to i a yg t e go an to s o re s a n te

m d
ar y a n ll i i vyto a ii l b w b b d
th e s a n ts n be n -
. ax to e urn e

a b m
ou t d f m b i l
e the h
a ye i l f i
o y ur a to t e h e a tar or t th e s
for go tt en f q fb l
h al af ll f m
u ar ter o ar e
y , or a
”
tren ta o a ss e s to
b e d on for my sou l l a fte r my d e c e a s e xs .

1
Woll ey C harter ,
1.
53 . B r i tish Mu seum , qu oted in White s D n hery ’

R ecor d s , 1 904 , p 2 6o .

P i er cy s H i story of R etfor d , 1 82 2 ,
’
9 1 1 1.
p .

1 08
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys
and B a p t is t Or igins
one o f h th I nns f C u t
t e o Th er pp si t i n f t h o o r . e o o o o e
“c m m n o lawy s t th cl gy wh u ph ld th
o
”
er o e er o e e

civil law h w th l gal p f ssi n v y la g l y

”
, t re e e ro e o er r e

u p n h P t s an id d s t ng h n d th caus f
o t e ro e t t S e an re t e e e e o

f m Th b n t f E dmund H l wy f ligi us
re o r . e e o e s or re o

t p ics is sh wn in a cu i us b
o o k p ublish d in 58 9 r o oo e 1 ,

e
“
n ti l d A Ma v ll D ci p h d an x p si i n f h
t e r e e er e
”
e o t o o t e

12t h ch pt f R v la i n wi t h t h t x
a er o T his w k h
e e t o e e t .
1
or as

b n assig d t h fa h f Th mas H l wy th g h
ee ne o t e t er o o e s, ou

it b e ar
“
s th na m E dw d H ll wi e h
e d Th ar e s at t e en . e

c nfusi n b tw n th n m s E dmund and E dwa d was

o o e ee e a e r

f qu n and in s p i t f this disc pancy h asc i p ti n

re e t, e O re t e r o

O f au h shi p is p babl y c
t or c I t was a p ical ro or r e t . to

p a i ic
trt ac totcall d f h br
y P s an f ling e ng n or t ro t e t t ee e e

d d b y h S panish a ttac k E ngla d Th w i t

ere t e on n . e r er

mak s a v il d allusi n t Qu n E lizab h as f

e e e o o ee et o re

shad w d by h w m n cl h d wi h t h Sun i h
o e t e o a ot e t e n t e

12 t h ch p f R v la i n and
a te r th
o P p as th e e t o to e o e e

D ag n ha m d w
r o t h t Wh n h c mm n s
a e ar o n er . e e o e t on

th v s which s n s h W man as having h “ t t t

e er e p re re e e o e

M n und h f
oo h says i is
er er t t b d ub t d
ee t,
”
e t no o e o e

wh w man b f ll th s wha s v
at o e or e aa subs ti u o er t oe e r, a s t te
und G d ha h b ugh t f th g a and divin ligh t
er o ,
t ro or so re t e

in t im f g a da k n ss i h f wh m h m n
e o so re t r e ,
e t er or o t e oo

by h f c and influ nc ha h b ugh t m d t

er or e e e t ro or e es r u c

ti n t h
o n mi s i h un t h n t p is s t
o er e e e ,
e t er o er e er r e a se a

b tt succ ss
e er A vid n f nc
e .
” 2
th p a n e e t r e e re e to e rt

la
p y d b y teidal f c s in t h d s t uc i n f h
or e S p nish e e r t o o t e a

A mada
r .

A t L on d on , pr in ted b y R ob er t Rob in son fo r ohn Wi n n in g ton ,

1
J at the
G ol d en T un n e n eere to S D un s ton es Chu rch , i n P l eete S treet, . 1 58 9 ,
t o B ri ti sh Mu s eu m Lib ra r , C
pp x ,
. 12 4. . .
y 3 7, c 3 . . .

9
A Mar v el l , etc , p 2 , m arg in . . .

I I O
 S er m o n in a W ill A
B t th will f E dmund H l wy sh ws in a
u e O ma k e s o re r

abl w y h h ld which th Paulin t h l gy h d tak n

e a t e o e e eo o a e

u p n him B ing acquain t d wi th th law h d w p

o . e e e e re u

his w will and p fac d it wi h a p s nal c nf ssi n

o n
1
re e t er o o e o

o f fai th f m which w m y ro adil y inf th t m s ph e a re er e a o e re

o f h h m in which T h mas H l wy was b ugh t p

t e o e o e s ro u .

I t is w ll w t h qu t ing f e th
or ligh i t th ws u p n t h o or e t ro o e

re ligi us c nvicti ns f a c un t y g n tl man in E liza

o o o O o r e e

b th s days
e
’

dm
I d H l i
E li E l i f
un e w i hs, a as f w s, o B r oxtoe n t e c o u n ty o

i m lm w l d di bd d f d
,

N o tt n gh a g en t e an , ho e an s ou n n o y an O g o o

an d f p e r e m m
c t r e L d b e i d b r an c e , th e id or p r a se ,
e c on s a n d ye t er

ing th e i i f hi w l d w i
u n c e r ta n t e s o j l m d di t s or h c h i s u s t y te r e a r ty

s ty, v f
gr o e o
a wh i i i b f
t h or n s , m er e n s n ot h n g ut e ar , s h a e,

vx ie lb i
a t on , t e ar s , d d
a d m k i m
o u r , s c kn e s s , s i n an e a th , o a e th s y
las t w ill d m i m an te s ta f m en t wi n m a n n er an d or fo l l o n g u n de r y
dw i i h an i ij mb i th e f C i i S e p te t he year o
’
o wn r t ng xx er , n hr s t s
i
n c ar n a t oni i q 1 59 0 m l Al m G d
F r st , I be u e a th y ou t o
s ig hty o

w i hi l f wi d i f l i
.
,

m C y r e a t or h c s the s ou o so c k ed an s n u a c r e at o n

t h at mi I d i f ght p es p a r o f m d
a n y ac c e tan c e o th e sa e at hi s h an s

w i er e h t h H l S i
n ot t at mf
t me i i
o y p tu r e s
cr co or t e, te a c h ng n

m an y lp h Ch iac es J t i mm
at mb f
r st d es u s , t h e ac u l a te La O Go
b i v hi m f
,

e ng f f m i r ee ro s n ff d ga e h s el up to su er e ath u p on t e

c r os s f w ord i us li v
r et c h e m wi d
s n n er s to d e er us fr o th e c ke

w or [I j d G l d a f l fi
2,l li an f j
h e i s th e l l u ng o th e L a w to u st ify a

b li v hi C h i b i v
.

th a t e Oe e R0 d 10 d n t s r st o I el e e an the r e for e
h ll ll v lif v i J
. .

s a b n ot m b e c on d e n ed , u t s ha ha e e e er l a s t n g o 3
hi b l i f ll id i d i
. . .

T hr o u gh t s e e I J sha n ot ab e n ar k n e s s o 12 Th s
b li f i m j ifi i A l i
. .

e e s y u st d c a t on c ts , 2 0 , an St . Pa u e sa th R 0 13

v i J
.

th a t G d i j o i sf m the b li ust fi er O hi th a t e e e th n esus. TO

l d
c on c u d b li v
e, I Ch i o h h e li v d
e e th at
m r st at de er e us fr o t he
c u r se O f i m
t he L a w h m d n as d u ch a s e wa s a e ac c u r s e for us ,

G l a i J I f wi h m m
3 Th s esu s b c on es sd t y o u th to e th e L o r
li v i m i dhmf md
. .

an d be e e G d n y h e ar t tha t o r a se i ro ea th R0 10

i b l f h p wi h S l b
. .

A d n h
thr oug th s e i e I o e d f m t t . Pau to e p u r ge ro

1 R egistered in Y ork P r ob ate Regi stry .

I I I
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B ap t i st Or igins
,

a ll m i whi h
y s ns f m c d m I wi k dc on e s s ar e an y a n ost c e ye a

i fi i b mi bl wi h A i
,

n n te an d d a fo na e an th er e or e s ay t St u gu s t n e ,

ll iv
.

W h at S ha G d I g eh m i m m
u n to o tha t p u tte t e n re e b ran c e
o f m i y d s n m f id
an fyetW a w l dl
a ra ther e o
’
h er e for e th e or y
w d f m wi l i di p
.

g oo d s th a t
G d h m d m o ha t a e e s te ar o y l s to s ose

h m hi m di
”
t e &
as, &c .
, c. t s te s ta en t r ec ts .

I app a s f m h t ms f this will tha t E dmund

t e r ro t e er O

H l w y had s ld his lands in th c un t i s f L inc ln and

e s o e o e o o

N t ham p t n and had t a k n a l as

or o f B t w H all e e e o ro x o e .

H b qu a t hs t his daugh t
e e e A nn h o m th s w d er e er o er
’
e

ding ing and th appa l hat was h m th s his b s t

r e re t er o er
’

,
e

g lding d h sid saddl his p l m b k c v d

e an t e e e, sa e o e o e re

wi th dd l ath and a ang s f h c mf t wh l

re e er,
”
rr e or er o or i e

unma i d t hav th rr e o s v al t h s lf and h

e e u se e er o er e er

f i nds and h s va ts f th chamb v th dining

r e er er n o e er o er e

p a l u
r o t B t
r a H all wi t h all
ro x t h fuoeni t u t h in e r re er e

als a b d m in th chamb v th bu tt y Alas

o e ro o e er o er e er .

t his b l v d daugh t in th fl w f w manh d was 1

e o e er e o er O o oo

cu t d wn b y d a t h wi hin a m n t h
o e f t h ma k ing f t o o e o

t his will and laid in th sam t mb wi th h fath e e o er er .

Th y ung man T h mas H l wy w h was l f s l

e o o e s, o e t o e

e x cu t e t nl y had a h avy bu d n f busin ss

or, no o e r e o e

laid his h uld s b t h y bu d n f s w H

on S o er ,
u a e av r e o or ro . e

was a ly acquain t d wi th th t agic l m n t in lif

e r e e r e e e e .

E dmund H l wy was bu i d e O ct b s 4 59 and his r e on o er 2 , 1 0,

s on fulfill d th qu s t in his will my b di I w uld

e e re e o e o

hav bu i d in th chu ch f B ilb w yth in h

e r e e r o u rro e e er t e

c h ll
an c e b f t h p d and a g av s t n laid
or e o re e ue o re r e o e
9

th e re u p n wi th my fi t c at f a m s s tt th pp
o rs e o e o r e e ere u on

1
N a ta s i mn l d i l ecta tibi v i mor ti s i n i gn ae
R ap ta , su b hoc t n mn l o, cu m g en i tor e facet .

Fro m the Latin in scri ption .

9
An tomb was se t u p n ear his p ew
al tar thi s was b r ok en u p i n 1 8 3 3 ,
b u t the i n scri p ti on from th e e n d o r s id e was then ed on th e n or th al l of fix w
the chan c el , w
her e I ha e e am in ed i t v x .

I I Z
 Smi t h H el w ys and B aptis t Or igins
,

signatu in his fi m cl a hand f Th mas H l wy

re ,
“ r e r o o e s
,

s tanding t th h ad f a h t lis t f h inhabi s

a e e o S or o ot er ta n t .

T d y B
O- a w H all f ms a subs t n ial fa m h us
ro x t o e or a t r o e,

t h B e w wro x d s ch s a w ay it a al ng t h
to e oo tr et e to s re r o e

sh ld f th hill T h li t l ncl su
ou er o e th n . th e t e e o r e on e or

ea s t ly sid f th h us is s ill k n wn as h ch p l
er e O e o e t o t e a e

ga d n b y nd it vid nc s f a ban k and di ch f

r e e o a re e e e o t or

d f nsiv p u p s s I t was g is n d as an p s t f m
e e e r o e . ar r o e Ou t o ro

N tingham and saw fi g h ing

ot ,
h Pa li m n a y w t in t e r a e t r a r.

I h y a wh n h b unds f h
n t e e r ld c yw
e t e o o t e O re to r e re

on c m d fin d T h mas H l wy t k t hims lf a
e o re e e o e s oo o e

wif in th p s n f J an A shm
e e Th y w
er o o o o re . e ere

ma i d t B ilb ugh D c mb 3 59 5 in g d
rr e
1
a or o on e e er ,
1 ,
oo

t im e
g t toad y f Ch e is t m as
re T h i h us b cam
or a r . e r o e e e

h s pi abl c n t and p lac f call f t h Pu i tan cl gy

o t e e re e o or e r er

O f h dis t ic
t e H l w y hims lf was d p l y in
r t . s t d in
e s e ee t ere e

qu s i ns f ligi n and his d s w

e t o O re p n to h s,
oo r e re o e o t o e

abl discuss wi h him h p ssing p bl ms f h d y

e to t t e re ro e o t e a .

H R icha d B
e re a d call d his w y h m f m
r er n r e on a o e ro con

f ing wi h A thu Hild sham h J hn Smi th wh n

e rr t r r er e re o ,
e

h was sic k nigh un

e d ath f und a hav n f fug and to e ,
o e o re e,

in th s paci us ld Hall u p n i b zy h l hy mi
e o o o ts re e , ea t e n e n ce

o v l k ing B asf d was t nd ly nu s d bac k t h al th

er oo or e er r e o e .

I n lat y a s wh n an im p u tati n was mad against

er e r ,
e o e

him ha h had mad m ch ndis f th f l k wh

t t e e er a e O e o o

ga h d und him S m i th x claim d A l l hat M

t er e ro
“ e e t r.
, ,

H l [ w y ] can
e y is t
s ha t wh n I was sic k
sa in E ngla d t e n a

B hf th
as B asf d] I was t ubl s m and c ha g
or or ro e o e r e

abl t him wh i I c nf ss his ki d b t I

e o er n o e e n n es, u

w uld hav giv n him satisfac ti n and h fus d it and

o
’

e e o e re e

1T hom as H el wys
“
and J oann a Ashmore na p ti ficer u n t 3 di e D ecembr i s
A n ne D o 1 595 .

11 4
 I n t er es t in R eligi o n
in my i k h was as much b gh in as I s p n
s c n es t er ro u t e t .
” 1

Smi h and H l wy w cl s and in ima f i nds d

t e s ere o e t te r e ,
an

th y w n h a ily g h in h w y f S p a a i n
e e t e rt to et er t e a o e r t o .

J y o cam h h m B e w and
to t h he a s f o e at ro x to e to t e e rt o

J a and T h mas H l wy wi h h bi h f a w h was

o n o e s t t e rt O son , o

bap iz d in t h dina y w y S p mb 5 59 5
t e e or r a on e te er ,
1 .

T h y g v him h nam
e a e f J hn Th is t h c d t e e o o . e re e r e or

o f h bap ism f an h
t e in 6 3 wh m h y
t o ot er s on 1 0 o t e
“
,

n am d T h mas Daugh s als cam b igh n h

e o .
1
te r o e to r te t e

ch ful h a h I w uld b a g d h m visi and

eer e rt . t o e oo o e to t,

w mus b a in mind ha h
e t w li l child n wh n
e r t t t ere er e tt e re e

w c m
e c nsid h sac ific s tha H l wy and his
o e to o er t e r e t e s

c u ag us wif had
o r eo ma k acc un t f th i
e to e on o o e r

re ligi us c nvic i ns
o o t o .

Th is much b said ab u t h a ly ma i d
ere n ot to e o t e e r rr e

lif f H l wy H p babl y s p n t his days li k an

e o e s. e ro e e

or dina y s ady g ing c un t y g n l man f h im

r te -
o o r e t e o t e t e.

H i s i us in
s s in ligi us ma s w uld k p him
er o te re t re o t te r o ee

in uch wi h n ighb u i g cl gy and his c nn c i n by

to t e o r n er ,
o e t o

ma i g and k inshi p wi h famili s f s anding b h in

rr a e t e o t ot

L nd n and h c un y w uld h l p t
o o k p p ublic
t e o tr o e o ee

aff i s p min n l y b f his mind H b l ng d a

a r ro e t e o re . e e o e to

ci cl which was by m ans am l y submissiv

r e h no e t e e to t e

d mands f h g v nm n Wh n l vi s w
e o t e d d o er e t . e e e ere o r e re

f m h c u ty f N s in 594 f s vic in I land

ro t e o n o o tt 1 or er e re ,

tw f his c nn c i ns
o o N ich las H am t
o and J hne t o ,
o e r on o

E lvas w t d as “ bac k wa d and d f l in ut

p e re re y or e r un u

s vic and w
er e, d d a p p a b f th P i y e re or e re to e r e ore e r v

C uncil
o .
3

1R etr ac tation of ohn S m i th , S ig C1j , ork . . Y Min ster Li brar y .

9
Thom as , fi l i zcs h ome H el wys, bapt i zat n s f ui t 1
3 d ie Octobr i s A n n a
D i n o, 1 60 3
v
.

1
Acts of the P r i y Cou n cil , xxv , p 6 . . .

1 15
 S m i th ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Or igins
A f Th mas H l wy wh n i cam t th p in as
s or o e s, e t e o e o t
t o wh th h sh uld main in c mmuni n wi h t h
e er e o re o o t e

Chu ch f E ngl nd h p ing f i fu th f ma i n by

r o a ,
o or ts r e r r e or t o

K ing and Pa liam n s p a a t f m it f thwi th and

r e t, or e r e ro or

j in in s tting p a p u Chu ch h did t h si ta t t

o e u re r r ,
e no e e o

ta k eth b ld s t p Hi p min n t p si t i n and

e o er e . s ro e o o

ac tivi y in th S pa a tis t m v m n ma k d him t

t e e r o e e t r e ou

f
or
p s cu t i n
ro e b y t h cl ical oau t h i i s T h H igh e er or t e . e

C u t f E ccl sias tical C mmissi n f th p vinc f

o r o e o o or e ro e o

Y k k ac iv p c dings ag ins t m mb s f th
or t oo t e ro ee a e er o e

Gainsb ugh and Sc by Chu ch s in th au tumn f

or o r oo r e e O

1 6 7 0 T his p u
. d th p pa a ti ns f d pa tu
S rre on e re r o or e r re

t o H lland and T h m as H l wy a pp a s t hav g t

o ,
o e s e r o e o

cl a away wi h u t a st I w d if h th ught his

e r t o r re . on er e o

w if w uld b l ft un m l s t d
e o e If e h was mis t a k n o e e . so, e e .

A nn yanc o t his scap mad th au h i ti s l ss

e a e e e e t or e e

re luc tan t t l y hands h E a l y in 6 8 h was

o a on er . r 1 0
1
s e

und a s t in Y k Cas tl and was b ught th nc t

er r re or e, ro e e o

a p p a b f th E ccl sias tical C mmissi n s S h

e r e or e e e o o er . e

p rov d te b f c u oag us s p
e Oi i d clin d to i i m
r i eo r t, e e o n cr

nat h s lf and was s n bac k t p is n in th C s l

e er e ,
e t o r o e a t e

al ng wi h J hn D w and Th mas J ss p f fusi g

o t o re e o e o or re n

to ta k an a th acc ding t law H cas cam

e o or o er e e

b f t h c u t again s m m n ths lat wh n h

e ore e o r o e o er , e er

e
“
nam is giv n as J an E l w i f B sf d S h e o a es o a or . e

p babl
ro
y all w d t h law t t
o a k ei t w c u s
e wi h o e s o n o r e t

h er ,and in that cas w uld b banish d aft h th e o e e er er ree

m n hs im p is nm n and w uld thus j in h husband

o t
’
r o e t, o re o er

in H lland b t I can find t ac f h in A ms t dam

o ,
u no r e o er er

1 x
D e ter s Cong r eg ati on al i s nz, p 3 2 0 , n ote , gi v es the date
’

v J
J
——
an u ary 2 6 ,

v
26 0 7—8 ; B ar cl ay, I n n er L if e, p 6 8 , g i es
.

u l y 2 6 , 1 60 7 8 an e i d en t
n i stak e w
B ro n , P i lgr i m F ather s, 1 8 9 7, p 9 7, g i es u l y 2 6
.

. v J .

1 16
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

o f th m v m n t fil t
e o d th ugh t L nd n E n ch
e e er e ro o o o . o

Clapham issu d a b k th in 6 8 i which h p e oo e re 1 0

1
n e re re

s d h chi f ligi us pa i s in s i s f dial gu s

e n te t e e re o rt e a er e o o e .

A m ng th m h giv s h “ Malc n t n t and th Fly ”

o e e e t e o e e er,

re p s n
re et ing t h f wa d Pu i t an and t
e h s orp a a t ing r r e e r

B wnist Th v y natu ll cha c

ro . e
9
f such er re ra te r O

s pi i ts h says is by m
r
”
e t d wn , t wi h u t ee se o e no t o

sun d i y r e xp i nc had f h m all I h

ea r e s e er e e o t e .
”
n t e
c u s f t h i dial gu h f ll wing f nc th
o r e o e r o e t e o o re e r e e to e

s t ting p f th Gainsb ugh and Sc by Chu ch s

e u o e oro ro o r e

o ccu s r

F ly er v m ll h p h I ha d i e no s l d a o e t at t h o u s an s n Eng an

(
t h at d
n ow s ta n i ) wi l l f ll fl l
on t h e t p toe d -
l er e on g a at y on o u r s i e.

H earyo u f T hn ot o d l i f e ac er s f an p p
e o e n th e ar th es t p ar ts O

i i “d i m i
L n c ol n s h r e an fl l
N o tt n g ha sh r e 81 0 w ho
. ar e at
y s e p ar a t e d

M a lcon ten t d
I h e ar d d of i t th
’
o the r ay by a Lon on P r e a c he r
wh o w m f G lwm f l
s orr o eth u ch or i id a en t e o an o p ace , w ho s sa to
b e l l
ab s o u t e y f m
g on e C k w m f
ro the hu r c h B ut as I no so e o

i hm id v
.

t hem d
T ea c h er s , an i sp e c al l y i t ha t s sa ther e t o h a e

b a p ti z e
d f i
on e o B the m h h i
r c hi l d r e n
i in a ar n , s o y op e s tha t t e r

S i i
e p a r a t on
” 11
f s b
n ot wi so wi ar as you r s , u t on e th t ha t h ch I
p u r p os e .

J s ph Hall wh had b n p s nally acquain d wi h

o e ,
o ee er o te t
Smi h and R bins n h Univ si y s n h a d f
t o o at t e er t ,
oo e r O

th i d cisi n l av h Chu ch f E gland and s t

e r e o to e e t e r o n ,
en

t
“
h m a l ving m ni y l
e H d id o hin k o to r e tt er . e n ot t at

th im ha h y w uld g
e t e h x ms f h
t t t e o o to t e e tre e O t e

ea li S pa a is s in L nd n I h g h h says y
r er e r t t o o . t ou t,
”
e ,
ou

had mad a S c ssi n ( a h h n S p a a i n f m

e e e o ,
r t er t a a e r t o ro

ou r Chu ch) a p lac wh y migh hav sc p

r to e ere ou t e o e to

1
E r r on r on the R ig ht H a n d thr oug h a P r ep oster ou s Z ea l e, 1 60 8 .

9
[ bi d E pistl e to R ead er .

9 I bid , p 1 4 . . .

1 18
 T he N ew sR ea c h e s L o nd o n
p f ss
ro e and pp uni yOt nj or t
y y u w c nc
t i s o e o o r o n o e t .
” 1

H was disa p p in t d wh n h f und ha his l d f i nds

e o e e e o t t o r e

had f ad p d h B wnis p si i n as hav

so ar o te t e ro t o t o to e

b c m abs lu and igid S pa a tis s

e o e o te h Chu ch
r e r t t e r

o f E ngland and all i t w shi p s or .

Com mon Apol ogy

1
ag a i n st the B r own ists, 1 6 1 0. Hall
’
s Wor hs , v ol . x .
,

p 88,
.

1 19
 C HA P TE R V I I I
D I FF E R E N C E S B E T WE EN S MI T H AN D JOHN S O N
V W S MI T H
H
’
S IE OF T E S C RI P T U R E S

N many m n ths had p ass d af th a ival f

OT o e te r e rr o

Smi h d H l wy
t an A ms dam b f diff nc s
e s at te r e or e e re e

et ee
“
b w n h m and h anci t b h n f th S pa a
t e t e en re t re o e e r

ti n w acc n uat d and b ugh t in t high

”
o e re e t e ro t ou o

re li f A cl s acquain anc wi h h Chu ch f

e . o er t e t t e r o

J hns n and Ainsw th did t im p v Smi h s

o o or no ro e t
’

o p ini n f i
o t d fo w shi p i ts m h d f or er o or or s et o o

g v nm n Wh n Smi h l f h Chu ch f E ngland

o er e t . e t e t t e r o ,

h advanc d t a s id t
e h d m c a ic p si i n ha t
e a tr e o t e e o r t o t o t
th s a e f p w
e t sid d in th Chu ch m mb s as a
o o er re e e r e er

wh l ando e, in h Chu ch ffic s H f und ha

n ot t e r O er . e o t t
t h eld S pa a tis t Chu ch und th l ad shi p f
o er e r r er e e er o

F ancis J hns n was inclin d t giv undu au th i y t

r o o e o e e or t o

t h p sby t y
e re T h y fav u d a cl ical a is t c acy
er . e o re er r o r ,

“
and mad much f l y ld s wh w includ d wi h
e o a e er
”
o e re e t
,

“ as t and “ t ach
”
in “t h sb M ”
te r
”
p or p y y e er e re . or e

o v h cam t diff f m th m ab u th plac b

e r, e e o er ro e o t e e to e

a sign d th B ibl du ing h

s e to f w shi p and
e e r t e ac t o or ,

ab u t t h nat u f t ansla d Sc i p u s H f an k ly
o e re o r te r t re . e r

admi t d his ind b t dn ss th w i ings f h s wh

t e e e e to e r t o t o e o

had l d h a li S p a atis t m v m n H b li v d
e t e e r er e r o e e t . e e e e

t ha t h y had
t e duc d h Chu ch h t u P imi iv re e t e r to t e r e r t e

and A p s t liqu c ns i tu ti n Th y had d al t a

o o e o t o .
”
e e

1 20
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

m an y i l
p ar t i
c u ar s we f i W w ill v b
are gn or a n t o t i e ne er e s at s

d v i w i d mi i
.

fi ed i n en ea dou r n g h to r e uce t e f or s h p an n s tr y o

the hu r c h to th e p r
C i mi v A li i i i f m w i h
ti e p os t o c on ro hc n st tu t as

y e t t i i
s s o far d
i s ta n t Wh e r e or e
f m
y ea r n e s t ed i
s r e i s t h a t m y
wii m b jdm
.

las t r t ng ay e t a k en a s m
y p r e se n t u g en t a n ds o f ar

w i i f mi l i b
,

for th i
as t f m
o v e r th w ar te th an y or er r t ng o ne, et t e

a c cou n te d vl a i f i d
o u n ta r y r e tr a c tat on a n d u n e f gn e r e p en ta n ce o

m f m
y or er d vil w
e r r or s b f an w l
e A d
a ys e or e th e ho e e ar th . n

let no m b an d e o ffe n ed d i ff
at f m us for t ha t we er ro th e
i b
a n c en t f
r e t hr e n o
p th e i se b
ar a ti on d
i n the L tur gy, P r e s yter y an

T r e a s ur y f C
o t he d
hu r c h f i
F or w e hol n ot ou r a th a t an y

l i d bi d
.

m
’
an s p ea su r e or f in r e sp e c t o p er son s ne ther o we n

lv w l li f
,

i m than
’
ou r s e es to a k a c c or d n g to o th er en s n es, u r th e r

t h ey w lk i a n N i
the tr u th l h w ld . ik e th er et t e or th n th at w e
app r o v m e th e i S t he
i ] l l
an c en t p i e p ar a t s t s in a t hei r r ac t c e s .

L e t the m j if h i u st y di
t e rp p f
r o c h
e e m n g s or r e en t o t e .
”

T h p in t f diff
e o nc tha t fi s t cam int p min nc
o e re e r e o ro e e

and caus d a d al f x ci m n t am ngs t h s v al

e e o e te e o t e e er

g u p s f E nglish fug s in H lland was c nc n d

ro o re ee o o er e

wi th th f ansla i ns f t h S c i p t u s in t h
e u se o tr t o o t f e r re e ac O

s p i i tual w shi p H n y Ainsw th summa iz d th

r or . e r or r e e

matt in th s t ms
er e e er

T he r e w as on e 1
d i ff b w on l y M S m h d wh er e n ce et een .
yt an us en

fi h b
r st e q
eg an to h i u ar r el , v i th o u g d m s n ce he ha e n c r e as e t he
i ff
tha t d i — H wi i f l l b i ff
er e n c e wa s th s e th h s o ow er s r e ak n g o

mm i wi wi i f i ih
.

co u n on d
th us c h ar g e us th s n or us ng ou r E n gl s

B ib l i w i fG d
es n th e or s h p o o an d
h h e thoug ht th a t the Teac er s

l bi i i fH b w dG k d f m
,

s hou d r ng th e or g n al s o e re an r ee an ou t o t he
l b v i Hi i l i l d
,

t r an s a te y o ce s pr n cip a r e a s on a g a n s t ou r tr a n s a te

i i wi b l C i
.

s cr p t u r e w a s t h s : NO a p o cr yp h a r ti n g u t on y t h e a n on cal

s cr ip t u r e s bar e to C e u sed m f G d
i n th e hu r c h i n th e t i e o o
’
s

w i v wi
or s h p; e er y l i i r tt en tr a n s wii a t on d s an a p o c r yp h a r t ng, an

i
s n ot C i la n on c a f v wi
s c r ip tu r e l i
T he r e or e e ery r tten tr a n s at on

im f w i W
.

’
s u n l a w fu l
i i i G od or s h
’
C n th e hu r c h n t e O s p hy he
v l i w
.

c ou n te d e e ry t r an s m
at o n ap oc r yp ha a n d ha t he ean t the r e b y

a pp e ar e t h b w d y t h ese Wi or l i ( i )
s of h is r tten tra n s a t on s sa th h e

1
A De
f f H
en ce o ip t he oly w S cr tu r es , etc .
,
b y Ai n s orth, 1 609 , p 3 . .

1 22
D i ffer enc e s b etween Smi t h an d J ohn so n
or i n te rp r e tat on i is as w ll d m h h m w i i
e an as uc an u an r t n g a s an

h om yil or p r a yer .
”

A insw h lls us in h ma gin ha his was h

or t te t e r ,
t t t t e

t hi d f f u g n al a gum n s which Smi h

r o o r e ff d er r e t t o e re to
th e Chu ch f J hns n and A insw h
r O
“ h s c nd
o o o rt on t e e o

days p ublic c nf nc A d fu h o says ere e. n rt er

Af m im
te r i
u ch v
t m i e s p en t a b o ut th s c on tr o er s y be an fe s t e d
othe r i i mi i
d ffe r en c e s t o u c h d ng the n s try an tr e a s u r y an d s oon

a f b li
te r p u d i f i s he th s b o ok o D ffe r e n c e s .

W thus l a n e th qu s ti ns t issu w
e r e e o a e e re

p ublicl y discuss d was unabl t b ing e t h e o r e

A nci n t Chu ch v e his p in t f vi w / Th us g f

r o er to o o e . e a e o

si x t n y a s had b und i m mb s in s n tim n t

ee e r o ts e er e e t o

t h i w famili d f w shi p T h y did full y

e r o n ar o r er o or . e n ot

und s tand Smi h s p in and w

er dis p s d f ain
t
’
o t, e r e n ot o e to re r

f m using h i B ibl s in th tim f w shi p m l y

ro t e r e e e O or e re

f orth sak f k p ing c mmuni n wi th him and his

e e o ee o o

c m pan y A cc dingly h and his f i nds wi thd w

o . or , e r e re ,

gav p in t c mmuni n wi h h ld Chu ch d

e u er - o o t t e O er r ,
an

e r e
“
d sc ib d th ms lv s as th B h n f h S pa a e e e e ret re
1
O t e e r

t i n f h s c nd E nglish Chu ch t A ms dam ”

o o t e e o r a te r .

R icha d Clif n s acc un t f h p g ss f Smi h s

’ ’
r to o o t e ro re o t
O
p ini ns b aos t wha t has be n said
r H dousc ib s ee . e e r e

t
“
S m i h and his f i nds as ta k ing p af r e u e rr o r ter e rro r
;
fi s t calling in qu s ti n wh h h Sc i p u s b ing
r to e o et er t e r t re e

t ansla d in t
r h t ngu s w
te oh w i ings
ot f er o e e re n ot t e r t O

m en
; h n cas ing th ading f h m
t e t f h e re o t e ou t o t e

w shi p f G d affi ming tha th is

or O o b ,
r t
‘
e re no e tt er

wa an t b ing ansla i ns f Sc i p u in h chu ch

rr t o r tr t o o r t re to t e r

and t ad th m as p a t s and h l p s f w shi p than t

o re e r e o or o

b ing in x p si t i ns p a a p h as ts and s m ns u p n h
r e o o ,
r r er o o t e

1
Ti tl e pa g e of D ife r en ces, etc.

1 23
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Or ig i ns ,

Sc i ptu s ing all th s

r r e, qually human in s p ct
ee e e a re e re e

o f t h w k quall y divi n in
e or s p c t f h ma t th y
e e re e O t e t er e

handl A d f th sam caus s pa a t d h ms lv s

e .
’
n or e e e e r e t e e e

f m th chu ch s that did ad and th sam in

ro o er r e re u se e e

t h i p ublic m t i gs
” 1
e r ee n .

I t n d d s m p a i nc and s y m p a th y in
ee e o e d t t e e or er o

und s tand Smi th s al p ini n ab u t th p lac and

er
’
re O o o e e u se

o f Sc i p u rin h Chu ch Any n wh has had t

t re t e r . o e o o

c f n B ibli la t s in a gum n will b awa h w

o n ro t o er r e t e re o

di fficul i t is f th m t app ciat y p in t f Vi w

t or e o re e an o o e

t ha diff s f m t h i w d h w p n h y t
t er ro e r o n , an o ro e t e a re o

mis p s n t y vi w ab u t t h B ibl which d

re re e an e t o e e oes n o

acc d wi h hat usually t k n by th ms lv s Th is

or t t a e e e e . e re

ha dly y t pic which us s s t ng f ling m

r an o ro e ro ee o re

quic k l y d w can adily und s and why this is

, an e re er t so.

Smi th s n f und hat th s w h had a l ss l fty

oo o t o e o e o con

ce
p i t f s i
on o
p i t ual w shi p t han h wr dis t t ing
or his e ere or

p si
o i n and
t o
p ading fals p t s S f re his a i t ud e re or o tt e

to w d h b k s f th B ibl A cc dingly h
ar t e oo O e e. or ,
e

p ublish d a b k e p t h ma t inoo i t t tou ligh t u I t t e t er s r e .

indica t s his p p s in it l g t i l
e ur o e s on t e

i ff
The D f C f
er en c e s o i th eC hu r c h e s o th e S ep e r a t on , on

ta yn i A n g, i i ! M
d e s c r p t o n O f th e L e tou r gi e
i i f an d i n i ste r e o the
V i bl C
is e x i d
hu r c h , an n e e d , as a c or r e c t onm an s u pp l e en t to a

l l
i tt e l
tr eati s e i d b i i ate l y i p u bl s h e d ear n g t tl e ‘
Pr n ci
p l e s an

In f i
er e n c e s c o n c e r n n gV i C li d ( ) th e is ble hu r c h
’
P ub s he : 1 F or
i i il
.

t he s at s f a c t on v v f h of e er y tr u e l o er O t e tr u th , es p e c a l y t he
B r e thr e n f S o t he b ] ( ) A
e p er at i on th a t ar e d o u tfu l ; 2 s al so fo r

th e m vi
re fo a C l
ng om i an u st f a u n e c a s t v p p o n the B r e thr e n o

1 6 1 0 , Epi stl e to R ead e r The

f f
1 ’
C l ifton s P l ea or I a n ts, etc ,
n
. .

u o tat ion fro m S m i th i s r o m his D i f fer en ces , p 10 C l if to n o m i ts th e

w
q
ord
“ w ri tt en S m i th r ote
“n o b etter w
a rr an t to b r i n g tr an sl a ti on s w . .

o f scr i ptu re w .

r i t ten i n to the C hu r ch,

"
e tc .

1 24
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

judgm n t th sanc ifi d h a and a ff c ti ns th

e ,
e t e e rt e o ,
e

sanc ifi d c nsci nc f m all th s mus s pi i ual

t e o e e, ro e e t r t
w shi p p c d H w
or ro J hn Smi th f ling
ee .
”
ere e see o ee

aft a c c iv t tha t v m phasis u p n discussi n

er o rre t e o o er- e o o

and d ba which was e te f th d f c s f th a ly on e O e e e t o e e r

S p a at is t m v m n t I s p i i ual w shi p h says ca

e r o e e . n r t or ,
e ,
re

mus t b a k n t t qu nch th s pi i t
e t e no o e e r .

“ i
S ay f m w i b
n g s et i q or i ii s of or s h y p r o te s u en c h n g th e sp r t
an d i f m
r e ad n g s et f w f b q i h
or s o o r s hip o u t o a ook is u en c h n g t e

i
sp i r t . ii i
F or i n th e m f d on e the s p r t s n ot a n i e s te , b u t t he
f
s t r e n g th o m m th eh m i e or y ; i n th e o t he r t e a tte r s n ot b r ou gh t
out of h b t he f b k d
e ar t i f m
u t ou t O th e oo an so in ne t he r o the
th e i i i l ib
sp r t s at e rt y.
” 1

I nh n x t p lac w mus t ca full y n t

t e e h Vi w e e re o e t e e

which Smi th a iv d wi th ga d h valu f t ans rr e at re r to t e e o r

l i a t on s of h Sc i p u s I his d y t h E nglish s p a k
t e r t re . n a e e

ing p p l s had ad p t d a singl fi x d t ansla ti n f

eo e n ot o e e e r o o

th B ibl
e t th c mm ndati n f K i g and C nv ca
e, a e re o e o o n o o

ti no Th . w s v al t ansla i ns availabl Smi h

e re er e e er r t o e . t ,

w h was a dilig n s t ud n
o f h Sc i p u s w uld giv
e t e t o t e r t re ,
o e

s m a n ti n t Du ch and F nch v si ns f h
o e tte o o t re er o o t e

N w T s am n
e his a ival t A ms t dam H b gan
e t e t on rr a er . e e

t o fl c t u p n th al na t f t ansl t i ns and s n
re e o e re u re o r a o ,
oo

cam t e t ha t in t h ms lv s
o s ee h y c uld t p ssibly e e e t e o no o

b e
“ins pi d in h s ns in which ha w d was
re
”
t e e e t t or

or din ily us d M v h saw hat h a li st

ar e . oreo e r, e t t e e r e

Ch ist ian s ci ti s f w shi pp s vid n l y had t g t

r o e e o or er e e t no o

all h N w T s tam n t b k s t
t e e in h i m tings
e e oo o u se t e r ee

f orw shi p v n if th y had d si d such h l ps B t i

or ,
e e e e re e . u t
was p cis ly that s p n tan us h a t—
re e wh l pi i tual o eo e r o e S r

w shi p f th a l y Ch is tian c mmuni i s tha t h was

or o e e r r o t e e

1 D if fer en ces , chap . iv .

1 26
 Translat i o ns
Val u e o f
no w b n up n e vivin g T h f h c nclud d hat
t o re . e r e o re e o e t

th e f Sc i p u
u se O as an in g al p a f w shi p was
r t re te r rt O or

n ot qui d I migh b s d as a m ans f p pa a

re re . t t e u e e o re r

ti n f w shi p and as a s u c f sugg s i n f ligi us

o or or o r e O e t o o r re o

th m s b ansla i ns f Sc i p u w
e e ,
ut tr f p lac in
t o o r t re e re ou t o e

th e f w shi p i t s lf
ac t o H p in d
or ha w i ings e . e o te ou t t t r t

w nly mad p f l t s and w ds and h f

e re o e u o e te r or ,
t e re ore

ha b k s w i i gs in h na u f p ic s
t t oo or r t n a re t e t re o t u re or

imag s and th f in h na u f c m ni s d
e ,
e re o r e t e t re o e re o e ,
an

by c ns qu nc ading a b k is c m nial ” 1
so o e e e, re oo e re o .

Th e iginals in H b w and G k h h ld t b
or e re ree e e o e

ins pi d b t a t ansla i n c uld l y b call d ins p i d

re ,
u r t o o on e e re

in f as i x p ss d h iginal and many a p a a

so ar t e re e t e or ,
r

p h as r and c
e mm t a y x p o ss d m f h
en m aning r e re e or e o t e e

o f h t iginal ha a ba ansla i n c uld p ssibly d

e or t n re tr t o o o o.

L t us e his w w ds h s p in s
s ee o n or on t e e o t

H l
T he i oy S c r p O i
t u r el H w dG
s v i z , t he . rgi n a s , eb r e an r eek ,

iv ivi i i i i fi i w
,

ar e g en by D ne n s p r a t on , a n d i n t he r r st d on a t on er e

wi th ou t m f
e r r or , os t i lp e r e i
c t , a nd t h e r e for e C an on ca O rd n ar y

wi b v i
.

m en r te m
ook s o f di v
er s k n ds, a on g th e r es t s u c h as ha e th e
w or d f do H l Go i or i j o l d
y S c r p tu r e for th e r Ob ect ar e ca le
‘
l i l wii
th e o og c a m m
r t l i
n gs,
’
a H l
on g t h e tr a n s a t on s of th e o y
i i
S c r p tu r e s m n to th eifl b m
ot h er ton g u e ar e ch e y to e e s te e ed as

b i
e n g th e m i l os t l m i
p ri n c p a i m
ye t on y as th e s tr e a s su ng fr o t he
f oun tai n , o r as iv m i wii f
th e g r e a t e s t r er o f th e a n s ea No r t n gs o

l v iv i i i
.

or d i n a ry m en , h ow ho y or g oo d soe er , ar e g en by n s p r a t on ,

an d th e r e for e bj
” 9
are im su d ect t o e r r or , an d p erf e c t an so

a p oc r yp h a .

T h n as ga ds th valu f t anslati ns Smi th says

e ,
re r e e o r o ,

A l i
tr an s f f a t on , l ll x so ar or t h a s i t d oth tr u y a n d fu y e p r e s s

an y i f
th ng o i l m b i [ ]i i d G d
th e or gi n a s ay e s a d to b e ns
p r e of od , a n

1
D if er en ces , chap . vi .
9
I bi d , p 4 . . .

1 27
 Smi t h ,
Hel w ys
and B ap t i s t Origins
no f h H
urt i f l w
er . en c e t ol i b i v
lo eth t ha t a tr an s a t on , e t ne er so

d m ix d w iis m d vi im f q ip
’
goo e th en s e ce s, p er e ct n ot e u oll en t

[ q iv l ] i li i l
,
”
e u a en t t o t he or gi n a n a th ou s an d p ar t cu a r s .
1

Whil h admi s th Sc i ptu s t b th f un tain f

e e t e r re o e e o O

r t
“
all t u h and th g und and f unda i n f fai h e ro o t o
”
o t ,

n v h l ss th y
e ert e e t t ain d as h l p s b f
e are n o h re e e e o re t e

e y ine t im f s p i i t ual
e o w shi p r H giv s a chaor
p t f .
”
e e er O

re as ns f his c nclusi n s m f which

o or t o v y
o ,
o e o a re er

quain and v n in tha d y mus t hav b n ga d d as

t, e e t a e ee re r e

m ing ni us than c nvincing H

o re e o o tw . e re a re on e or o

e x am p l s e

C i
B e c au se d hr b k st f l fi ll l l i
u se t he oo to u a rght eou sn e ss
( M iii
t v i b an d ha f ngb k f l fi l
y th e u s e O th e oo
l d l f u e th e aw o
di i if
. .

r ea n g, bbe i
s hu t t he
S oo k n th e yn a g o g u e t o s gn y that tha t
c er em b k w
on y o f i oo mi
-
or s h f
p l or the n i s tr y o the ette r , w a s n o w

x i d dfi i d i v J xix
,

e re an n s he Lu ke 20 ; ohn 30
p .

w wi
. . .

B e c a u se f b n on e o f t he T m
oo k s o th e N e w e sta en t er e r tten
m an y f ye a r s a f
ter th e d ay O h vP e n te c os t, at t e l east se en ye ar s ,
an d th e l i m ld
c h u r c he s a l th a t t h b f
e c ou w n ot u s e t e o ok s O t he N e
T m
e s ta w i en t hd ch t he y h a n ot .

“ i i
B e c au s e t i s aga n st ii lw i f w
th e n a tu r e o f s p r tu a or s h p or hen
we r e ad iv m f m b i
we r ec e e a tte r ro w t he oo k n to th e he a r t , hen we
p r ay , p p
r o h e i
c y or s n g m f
we u tte r a t te r o u t o the h e ar t u n to th e
ea r o f C h
th e hu r ci — ii —
E ze k . x 8— 19 i .
, 1 4 . Re v . 8 1 1.

fi lv
. . .

“ B e c au s e d u p on f t he ay o P e n tec os t
d d er y c o en t on g u e s i
app e ar , n ot fi b d lw
er y oo k s m an b a i a ys t he r e ust e a p p r t on
r o o

b w ix
et d
t th e typ e a n d U the th i n g typ e
h f .
p o n t e d ay O P e n tec o st
the fi l i v
er y aw w a s
g b en xxxii in xxi
ook s . v — D eu t . i . 2 Ex .
4 12,

fi l iv i
.

u p on the d ay o P e n te c os t t h e
f er y gos p e w a s g e n n ton gu e s .

T he b k oo , th er e fore , w a s p r op f h m f er or t e , t h e t on g u e or u s

i id d
.

f T h er e p or e as b k i
in l d r ayer th e oo s a as e, an tha t b y
th e f i f
c on e s s on o b the f an c i e n t
p i m
r e thr en o t he se ar a t on , so u st

i b
t l i e a so
”
i g d i gi f lm w
n p r op h e s y n an s n ng o P sa s, as e ar e

p e r s u a d e d .

1
D iff er en ces , p 5
9
I bid , ch ap. . x .

.
.

1 28
 S mi t h ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Or ig i ns
( ) I 2m b t d i Cay h
e rea d g i i mn t he hur c an s un n t es .

( ) 3m b It x p d d i ay C
e e h oun e n th e hu r c
i i
.

( )4 m bIt d aym e use as a l e an s t o p r ep a r e us to sp r tu a

w ipor s h

l i l i i l
.

( ) h
5 T m at f the atter ob h the tr a n s at on ag r e e a e to t e or g na s

s i i db
n sp r e wii u t n ot th e r t n g or c h a r ac ter

i
.
,

( ) 6 i m b
T ha t t m d h d
ay f e a e t e gr o u n o f ou r a th .

( ) T 7 i m b
h at tm d i may d
e i a b e an n s tr u en t t o tr y o c tr n e y .

T i h l d ffi m i v l
h s we o N iv l
a r ld at e y . e g at e y we ho th u s

T di h at h E li r ea l i
ng t e f hng sh tr an s at on is no p a rt o t e

i i l w hi f h
sp r tu a or sT
p m o p lt e ll d
N ew i e sta en t p ro er y so ca e v z.,

of p r ayer , i i p r op he c y, lm s n g n g of p sa s

i i l i w l
.

( ) h
2 d
T a t r eal ng i l f m
t h e E n g s h t r a n s at on s no a u ea n s

or l i im f i i w i p
he p n t e o s p r tu al or s h

w i i
.

( ) h
3 T h at t he T m
or s m b
p of th e N e w e s ta e n ti u s t n ot eg n n

th e b l
ook or w d l b m p d i i ll f m
e tte r ou t ar y ut u st r oc e e or g na y ro

d S i i
,

th e h e a r t an p r t .

bl d p iv l i ll ” 1
Al l other pu fic an r at e u se s o t r an s a t on s we a o w.

u sid s w
O t t li k l y t
er a pp ciat h fi
er e no e o re e t e ne

dis inc i ns as t th
t t o f Sc i p t u which Smi h w
o e u se o r re t no

mad R ich d B na d cha g s him wi h cas ing ff

e . ar er r r e t t o

reading h Sc i p u s in h ass mbli s b t J hn

t e r t re t e e e ,
u o

R bins n k n wing t h man m s in t ima t l y was awa

o o ,
o e o t e , re

Of his p in f vi w and o p li d t hao t in ma k ing tehis ,

re e t
r e
“
cha g B na d w ng h M Sm y h wh d h ter r ro et r . t o ot no
,

d n y h adi g f h Scri p u s in h ass mbly b

e t e re n o t e t re t e e ,
ut

tha th ading f h m is p p ly a p a t f G d s
t e re o t e ro er r o o
’

w shi p
or B f w p ass .
” 2
t c nsid Smi h s
e or e e on o o er t
’

Op ini n ab u to h p lac and p w

o f tth minis
e y i e o er o e tr ,
t

will b w th whil t n ic w passag s in this a li

e or e o ot e t o e e r er

p i n
or t of his b k which
o h w ligh t u p n t
ooh g n al,
t ro o e e er

1
D zfier en ces , pp 1 7
’
.
—1 8 .

9
Rob in son , Wor hs, 4 55 .

1 3 0
 E x p o si t o ry P r eaching n o t W o r shi p
m th d f p ul p i t minis t a t i n am ngst th S p a a tis ts
e o o r o o e e r

and th d m an u f th p p l du ing th p aching

e e e o r o e eo e r e re .

Th s m ns w l ng and b anch d ff in t many

e er o ere o r e o o

h ds and b h ads wi th a w al th f f nc s t
ea su -
e ,
e o r e er e e o

k ind d p assag s f Sc i p tu
re e T h p p l b ugh t t h i
o r re . e eo e ro e r

p c
o k t B ibl
e s and t u n d
e p t h s v al rqu tea t i ns as u e e er o o

t h p ach
e regav th m t in d t v ify th m and
er e e ou or er o er e

im p ss th m m fi mly u p n th i minds
re e ore r o e r .

T his was all v y w ll in i t w y b t i t was s m t hing

er e s a ,
u o e

far di ff n t f m divin w shi p as J hn Smi th p ic tu d

e re ro e or o re

it . I jus tifica ti n f t h i usual m th d f p aching

n o o e r e o o re ,

th anci n t b th n qu t d th x am p l f Ch is s
e e re re o e e e e o r t
’

p reaching in t h s y nag gu t N e aza t h ( L u k o iv e a re e .

B t said Smi t h y
u cann t jus tify th mann f ou
“ o e er o
, ,

aching w us d f nom t ha t x am l ” “ t ha t
ro a man e
p re e
p e

shall ta k his t xt and th n divid it in t p a ts ly

e e e e o r ,
an a z

ing i h t ically and l gically c ll c tin g d c t in s

t r e or o , o e o r e

and us s f m v y m mb e ro e a gum n
er w d f
e er or r e t or or o

his t x t all t his whil h having his b k b f his

e ,
e e oo e o re

e
y s e h l to
p him t all
e assa y s a t hin a
g wh f I am , er e o

assu d h H l y Sc i p tu s yi ld th wa an t that
re t e o r re e e no rr ,

i t m y b acc un t d a p a t f s p i i t ual w shi p

a e o e F r o r or . or

al th ugh th Sc i ptu s m y b
o e r handl d and tha t
re a e so e ,

for v y p fi t abl
er ro y t t hat is a th a Sch las t ical
e u se , e r er o

L c tu e t han an E ccl sias t ical w shi p

re I t is a t h
e or . r er

an inquisi ti n and s a chin g f th H ly S p i i t s int n t

o e r o e o r
’
e

and p u p s than p ph syin g r o e Th dis tincti n

ro e .
” 1
e o

b w n t h l tu and th s m n n d d t b
et ee e ec re e er o ee e o e

p in
o t d e and t h
o ut , will b man y in
e re m d n t im s e o er e

w h will s y m p a hiz w i t h Smi h s p l a t ha t ach sh uld

’
o t e t e e o

b k pt t i t p p
e e o p lac s Wi t
roh g a d t th qu s ti n
er e. re r o e e o

1 D zfier en ces, p
'
’
. 1 6.

131
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

as t w h th h a s m y hav th i t ansla ti ns
o e er
“ e re r a e e r r o or

t h e iginals t ad s a ch in t im f p ph sy
or o re or e r e o ro e ,
”

t
“
Smi h said T h answ is n g at iv e H giv s er e e .
”
e e
,

re as ns f his vi w and v y s nsibly ma ks S a ch

o or e ,
er e re r , e r

i g qu t a i ns hind
n o t h a t n i n f th mind and
o ere t t e t o ,
or e

aff c ti n
e o dis ac t d f m h a ing by s k i g th
s a re tr e ro e r ee n e

p lac s ; s
e in g t h mind
ee and h a t she uld f ll w t h e r o o o e

v ic f th s p ak as in p ay
o e o e e als
er , r er , so o in

p p ro h s ying e .
” 1

I t ac rt his d cisiv p ini n f J hn Smi th a

e o t e e o o o o

singula di ff r nc in p ac ic b tw n th Pu i ans f
r e e e r t e e ee e r t o

N w E n g lan d and h s
e f E n g land in t h t mad f
o e o e u se e o

t h B ibl i t h
e eim f publi w shi p J hn R bins n
n e t e o c or . o o o

and his m p any w m d p l y influ nc d by th

co ere ore ee e e e

id as f Smi th than t h y th ms lv s p ha p s w
e o e e e e , er , er e

p p re a d tre admi tohan subs qu n t t w i t or s hav e e r er e

all w d T h s wh mig a t d ca i d wi th th m t
o e . o e o e r e rr e e o

A m ica t h f mer f w shi p and

e or lig i us cust ms
o or re o o

wi th which th y had b c m familia in Ams dam and e e o e r t er

L yd n e T h y in t u n
e . t h e n f th c wd f r se t e ote or e ro o

Pu i tan fug s wh s n f ll w d t h m f m E ngland

r re ee o oo o o e e ro .

Th was p lain ading f th Sc i ptu s in th

e re no re o e r re e

f m f l ss ns in th a l y N w E n gland Chu ch s
or o
‘
e o
’
e e r e r e

in th tim f p ubli w shi p W h n th B ibl was ad

e e o c or . e e e re

i t had t t h sam t im t b a e x p und d T ad a

e e o e e o e . o re

se t p assag wi th u t n t e c mm n t sav u d f th
o o e or o e o re o e

f mal and c m nial N did th p p l ca y th i

or er e o . or e eo e rr e r

p c k
o B ibl
et s t s vic t e f ll w ot h ading
er and hune t o o o e re

th t x t
e eTh y w nt . w shi p T this d y a m ng
e e to or . o a o

th e rep s n t a t iv
re e s f t h fi s t N w E ngland
e Chu
o ch s e r e r e

th eB ibl is a b k f th h m a th than f t h
e oo or e o e r er or e

1 32
 C HA P T E R IX

WH E R E IS TH E S E AT OF C H U R CH AU T HORI T Y
O P I N I O N S O F S MI T H , JO HN S O N , A I N S WO R T H , A N D

R OB I N S O N C O MP A R ED

ONE in ts f di ff nc b tw n h Chu ch f
of the p o O e re e e ee t e r o

J hn Smi h and tha f F ancis J hns n and H n y

o t t O r o o e r

A insw h c nc n d h s at f au h i y in h
ort o er e t e e o t or t t e
Chu ch Did h su p m p w und Ch is sid
r . t e re e o er, er r t, re e

in h m mb s f h Chu ch as a wh l
t e e er did it st
O t e r o e, o r re

wi h h ffic s w h f m d h p sbyt y f h
t t e O
“ er o or e t e re er
”
O t e

Chu ch ? Wh n minis s and ffi c s had b n l c t d

r e te r O er ee e e e

and dain d did h Chu ch su nd it p w in

or e ,
t e r rre er s o er to
t h i hands did i ain full p w in it w hands
e r or t ret o er s o n

to b us d if ccasi n sh uld
e e qui ? A lli d t his
o o o re re e o t
m at was th qu s ti n f th plac and func i n f
t er e e o O e e t o O
“ uling ld s
r in h Chu ch F ancis J hns n
e er
”
t e r . r o o on
,

fi s s pa a ing f m h Chu ch f E ngland ass gn d

r t e r t ro t e r o ,
i e

m pwo re h m mb s f h p a icula Chu ch h

o er to t e e er O t e rt r r e

t h n j in d than h was af wa ds dis p s d all w

e o e e te r r o e to o

th m e H f ll in wi h h h
.
y ed iv def m R b t t t e t eo r er e ro o er

B wn and H n y B w which h f und in v gu

ro e e r ar r o e, e o o e

am n g s t h L nd n S pa a is s in acc danc wi h
o t e o o e r t t ,
or e t
which h m mb s f th Chu ch in h i c p a
t e e er O e r t e r or or te
cap aci y w su p m G adually h w v h v d
t ere re e . r ,
o e er , e eere

ro und t h P sbyt ian p si i n and cam

o t e re ga d er o t o e to re r

t h s a t f au t h i ty as
e e siding in th ld shi p mad
o or re e e er e

I 34
 T he Chu r ch A u t h o r i t y
S ea t O f
u p f t h
O p as t t each and l y uling
or, ld
e s P s nal er a r -
e er . er o

inclina ti n a l y ass ciati ns and th f act y

o ,
e r o o , e re r or

mat ial f his Chu ch t A ms t dam influ nc d him in

er O r a er e e

t a k ing p t his u
p si t i n H s n c n tond d t ha t t
o h . e oo o e e e

w ds in Matt x viii 7 h a th chu ch —m an t

or . . I e r e r e

h a th duly a pp in t d minis s and ffic s f th

e r e o e te r O er O e

Chu ch and submi t t th i uling d au th i ty T his

r o e r r an or .

w as f diff n t f m th p ini n a iv d t by J hn
ar ere ro e O o rr e a o

Smi h as t th p w f th Chu ch and th p si t i n f

t o e o er O e r e o o O

its ffic s
O H i vi ws u p n h s qu s t i ns w
er . s e f o t e e e o e re O

such f aching i flu nc p n th subs qu n t his t y

ar - r e n e e U o e e e or

O f t h C ng ga t i nal Chu ch s and c t ain s c t i ns f

e o re o r e er e o O

th B aptis t Chu ch s b th in E ngland and A m ica

e r e ,
o er ,

t ha t t h y d mand ca ful a tt n t i n
e e re e o .

W hav s n tha t wh n Smi t h and H l wy t k th

e e ee e e s oo e

final s t p f s p a a ting f m th A nglican Chu ch th i

e O e r ro e r , e r

mu ual f i nd R icha d B na d s n t a pap f pp si

t r e r er r e er O o o

t i ns
o t th latt giving as ns agains t s p a ati n
o e er re o e r o .

H l wy c mmunica t d this p a p t S mi h wh s n t a
e s o e er o t ,
o e

l ng b t has tily p nn d l tt t B na d in pl y
o u -
e e e er o er r re

t wa ds t h cl s
o r f th y a
e 6 7
o e o E v n in t his a l y e e r 1 0 . e e r

d cum n t h cham p i ns th caus f th wh l b d y f

o e e o e e O e o e o O

m mb s in th Chu ch as against th Pu i t ans wh

e er e r e r ,
o

c n t nd d hat th E ld shi p
o e e t
“P sbyt y had
e er or re er
”

su p m au th i ty H s t a s th matt in c nn c ti n
re e or . e te e er o e o

wi h th i gh t f x cising disci plin in which th

t e r o e er e, e

minis t s and p a ish ass mbli s f E gland w lac k ing

er r e e O n ere ,

and p in ts t th diff nc b tw n th s v al
o ou e ere e e ee e e er

c n t nding p a ti s
o e r e

T p i
he P o f e sah f M th h w h h
ou t O p w f th e 1 6t O a tt e t at t e o er O

b i di
n d l
n g an i i iv oos n g d hi s hg p en t o P e ter an s s u c c ess or s t e p o es
o f Rom d h ll h bi h p
e , an t d p i
at a i th w l t d
e s o s an r ests n e or d an

I 3S
 Smi t h ,
Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
th e w l Ch ho e ur ch u n iv er s al r ece iv h b i di d l i f m
et n n g an oos n g ro

hi m .

N ay , s ay li
the E n g s h p r e a te s o u t of th e 2 0th O l f J C i ohn , hr st

v
g a e th e p o w er O f b n d n g a n i i
l oo s n g t o a l t h e d i l A l d p os t e s an

i
t h e r su cc e s sor s th e L or d B i f E l
s h op s d d ll h
O n g an an t ha t a t e

Pr ie s t s an d
p e op l e i n t h e L an d i v b i di d l i f m
r ece e n n g an o os n g ro

the m i n the i v
r se e r al d i o c e ses

i
.

“N a t he P r e sb yter an s of E n gl a n d o u t of Matt 8,
y, s ay . 1 7,I

w
the p o e r O f b in d n g a n d l oos i
i s gi en t o th e E d er s hip , i
ng v l an d

the p eop l e —the y ar e b o u n d or o ose d b y t he P r e sb ytery for b y l

t he C hu r c h t he y u n d er s tan d the P r es b yter y
w i i iv
.

N ay, s a y w e , th e p o er o f b n d n g an d l oos i n g i s g en t o the

b od y of t he C h u r c h e v en to tw o or t hr ee f i l l ji
a thfu p eop e o n ed

tog e the r i n v t co e n an .
” 1

B na d s iz d u p n this t nc as b ing th dis

er r e e o a o e e e

ti nc ti f atu f th S p a a tis t m v m n t I this

ve e
“
re O e e r o e e . n
”
,

h says
e b gi th B e
“
wnism I t is h fi s t s t n nne ro . t e r o e
,

f tha t schisma t ical building Smi th s d cla ati n ” 2 ’

O . e r o
“th h p w at f Ch is t tha t is au t h i ty t p ach t
t e o er O r or o re o
, , ,

adminis t th Sac am n ts and t x cis th c nsu s

er e r e ,
o e er e e e re

O f t h Chu ch b l ng t h t th wh l Chu ch y
e r t e o e o e o e r ,
ea, o

e v y er f th m and on e t th p inci
O p al m mb s e no e r e er

th f was t d wn by B na d as th fi s t
ere o
” “ se o er r e r
,

A B C . f B wnism wh
. u p n t h y build all th
. O ro e re o e e

re s t f th i un t u ths
O e r r .
” 3

I lp ying t B na d in th sam y a 6 8 H n y
n re o er r e e e r, 1 0 ,
e r

A insw t h diss cia d hims lf f m th

or d m c at ico te e ro e e o r

p si
o t i n which Smi
o t h had laid d wn H was s t iv o . e re e

er
“
und B na d s cha g s f p pula g v nm n t H
er r
’
r e O o r o er e .
”
e

e
“
wan t d t t n things d wn P pula i ty in Chu ch
o o e o . o r
”
r

1
Letter O f 1 60 7 in P a r a l l el es , p 3 7 . .

2
C/zr i s t i a n A d v er t i semen ts , E i s tl e to R eader , 1 60 8
p .

3
C/
zr i st i a n A d v er t i sem en ts , p 88 I t was the O pin ion of the
”
w
S mithean Br o n ists her e, says B er n ar d , P l a i n e E v i den ces, p 1 8 2
-
. .

. .

1 3 6
 Smi t h Hel wys and B ap tis t Origins
,

s ts t and d f nds his p si ti n in f cibl w ds W

e ou e e o
“ o or e or . e

mus t m mb h saysre e er,

”
e ,

t h at t
h w f hi w i h
e po er o C k f i
r st mi ih c il we s p ea o s a n s te r a

d el e g at e
d w iv m po g e n to
er d q i a n , an W i that th e ue s t on is , ‘
ho s

t he fi bj
r st fsu i mi i l w W
ec t O th s v i
n s ter i a
p o er ? h o r ec e i e t
i mm l f m i
e d i a te y ro C hrb st f
? I s ay th e od y o th e C hu r c h i s t h e
fi bj f i A d
r st su ect o t wh v n I say ld i h
t ha t a t s oe er th e E er s h p ha t
m C i
.

t h a th fr o
i hr h b d st f
thr ou g h t e b ho y O the C hu r c h an d y t e

C di
hu r c hes i A d
s p os i i ti on d n M Ai [ w
th s, ] f you en y , r ns or th

(w i i i
. .
,

h ch I th d nk ) you o n ot Id sa y d f mo
y u ar e th er e n ep ar te ro

f i
,

th e a th
C i li w i i i l d
.

W e s ay hr
’
st s r u ng po m er ll s or g na ly an f un d a e n ta y
i
n th e b o d y f C o th e m l hu r c h , the d wl u tit u d e , an we ac kn o e dge

fu r th e r th at th e E l
d iv d l i w m b d
er s r e c e e by e e ga t o n
p o er fr o th e o y
Of h C
t e w i w mi i i
hu r c h , h ch p o er d f n i s t e r al
d n th e h an s o the E l er s

is n ot so l ar gewi i as th at b d b
h ch i s i n t he o y ut it s r a the r a

l di w li w i ld
,

ea ng po er than a ru ng po er Ne th e r ar e the E er s

w ) l d l
.

i l
al the m ( m l edge le
’
n N e w T e s ta en t to y kno ca
‘
r u er s ,

a r c h on t e s b v l ut o l
er s ee r s , h m e a d er s , e d er s , p r o i s ta e n oi ,

w b
h er e y t he H l G w d o y h os t i w i ou l t e ac h th a t th e r p o er s n ot to
l
r u l e b u t to ea d d i an f
d r ect i im i
I d o t h er e or e u tter l y d s cl a th s you r
M A w A i i
.

in s m i f n t c h r s ti a n i s
’
e r r or , r o r th , a s on e p a r t O n you r
d x d i w ll f i f
.

c h ur c h ,b dut you ha n ee e f
p ou n t e or th e s a ti s ac t o n O

t he b f
r e thr e n S o t hei l i
ep ar at on d es t h er e n you e s tr oy yo u r c on

s ti tu t on
i b e for e
b w yo u e f a ar e ld l l I you ho th a t or d y
i i Eld i b li
.

u su rp d e w
a n ti c hr s t a n f po er o you r p to er s h e th a t ru ng

po w w hi h w f G d
er ch t e or d o ll b
o w a r r a n t e th , i t s ha
p e yo u r ar t to
ju s tify i t an d ll to i di f
r eb u k e a i
tha t g a l n st an t, or he r e n we u tter y
di im
s cl a jdm yo u r d p
u g i W mi i
en t a n h
r act c e. e a n ta n t ha t t e

po w f E er o i i
the di
l d er sh p i i s a d v l ea i n g, d r e c t n g , an O er s e e n g

po w mi ier , vi b i
n s tr y or s er i m d
ce oth n the k n gd o an th e
p ri h d f C
e s t oo
’
O thed hu r c h , iv v i an that th e n eg a t e o c e, t he l a s t
d fi
e iv d
n it mi i
e et e r i i
n ng b d
se n te n c e f C s h n t he o y o t he hu r c
w h er e to th e E ld i i b d i d d er sh p s t o y el ,
ou n Ch h an t ha t th e urc

m ayd l wf l w i
o an y a u d
a ct b ld
th ou t the E l e r s , d ut th e E er s c an o

i wi
n ot h n g
”
b
th ou t th e
pp i f a b ro at on O t he ody or c on trar y to th e
b o dy .
1

1 P a r a l l el es , p 69 . .

I 38
 D em o c r a t ic P ri nci p l e s A d o p ted
H w hav
e re a cl a and d cisiv s tat m n t f th
e e e r e e e e O e

fundam n tal p inci pl f C ng gat i nal Chu ch p li ty

e r e O o re o r o .

I t is in t s ting t n t tha t whil J hns n w n t fu th

e re o o e e o o e r er

and fu th in th P sby t ian di c ti n Ainsw th

r er e re er re o ,
or
1

swung back t th C ng ga i nal s tand p in t This

,

o e o re t o o .

div g nc f pini n b tw n th tw m was

er e e O O of e ee e o en on e O

th caus s f th divisi n which ul timat l y t k p lac

e e O e o e oo e
“
in t h anci n t E nglish Chu ch t Ams dam
e e r a te r .
”

J hn R bin n h w v f ll w d Smi th in acc ding

o o so ,
o e e r, o o e or

t h chi f p w
e and au th i ty t h Chu ch and t t
e o er or o t e r ,
no o

th ffic s and minis t s f t h Chu ch

e O er H ad p ts er O e r .
2
e o

t h a gum n t s
e r f Smi t h u p n his p in t and nla g s
e O o t o ,
e r e

on t h m wh n s e k ing t e
“
jus tify h S p a ati n ee o t e e r o
”

agains t B na d s bj c t i ns Th u gh his f ll w s
er r
’
O e o . ro o o er

t his p inci p l rf Chu ch d was ca i d t N w

e o r or er rr e o e

E ngland R bins n als . x t d a di c t influ c in

o o o e er e re en e

this pa ticula u p n H n y J ac b t wh m m y b
r r o e r o ,
o o a e

tr ac d e f h on ea li s t ( 6 6) C ng gat i nal
o t e e r e 1 1 o re o

Chu ch s in E ngland Plan t d in L nd n Jac b s

r e . e o o ,
o
’

Chu ch b cam t h m d l u p n which th s w

r e e e o e o o er ere

f am d I t b cam th m th f many Chu ch s and

r e . e e e o er O r e ,

t it s u c m y b
o s o t ac d th
r e la g s ti n f th s
a e r e e r er ec o O o e

E nglish B a pt is t Chu ch s which C ng gat i nal in r e a re o re o

p li
o ty .

W t hus e t ha t Smi t h s in t p t a t i n
s ee f th N w
’
er re o O e e

T s tam n t aching c nc ning t h

e e t e p w f Chu ch o er e o er O r

m mb s uni t d in li gi us f ll wshi p had f aching

e er e re o e o ar - r e

re sul s H gav l a x p ssi n t a vi tal id a H

t . e e c e r e re o o e . e

t k
oo
p t h ut h ugh t f B ewn u p n tohis ma t t and o ro e o er

1
S ee J
Cfir zsti cm P l ea , 1 6 1 7, an d Ain s or th s A n i madv er si on
ohn s on s
’

to M r R i cha r d C l ifton s A dv er ti sem en t , 1 6 1 3

’
'

w '

2
j ifi i W —
u st cat on f S p
o e a r a ti on ,
1 6 1 0 , or k s , p 4 7 4 50
2 . .

I 39
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

g av i
e t m phasis Hi d cisiv cham p i nshi p f th
e . s e e o O e

d m c atic p inci pl in Chu ch g v nm n was t

e o r r e r o er e t no

wi h u t influ nc u p n th subs qu n t his t y f h

t o e e o e e e or o t e

E nglish and Am ican p p l s Th was a t nd ncy

er eo e . er e e e

to a pply t civil affai s t h s p inci pl s by m a s f

o r o e r e e n O

which h p p ula f ling f und x p ssi n in matt s

t e o r ee o e re o er

O f li g i n and Chu ch d
re o r or er .

W hav illus a t d J hn Smi t h s p ini n u p n th

e e tr e o
’
o o o e

re la i n f h minis t y t h Chu ch by x t ac s f m
t o O t e r o t e r e r t ro

his l f 6 7 and his b

etter O k f Pa all l s
1 0 f 6 9 oo O r e e O 1 0 ,

b caus t h s w w i t ings cl s ly in w v n b t
e e o e t o r a re o e t er o e u

sam vi ws e x p ss d in his b k b u t h
e a re e re e oo a o t e

Di ff nc s f th Chu ch s f h S p a a i n issu d
e re e o e r e O t e e r t o ,
”
e

in 6 8 I m y p ssibly hav b n b caus h had

1 0 . t a o e ee e e e

t in t di fficul t i s wi h t h “E ld shi f J hns n s t o

’

g o o p e e er o o

Chu ch tha h gav n w d and s p cial att n t i n t

r t e e re e e e e o o

t his qu s t i n e
“ T h b t h n j in l y
o . h say s “ hav e re re o t
”
e e
, ,

all p w b h f h k ingd m and p i s th d imm

o er ot O t e o r e oo e

d i t l y f m Ch is and ha t by Vi t u
a e ro f t h c v nan t
r t, t r e O e o e

G d ma k t h wi t h t h m
o e Th f wh n th Chu ch e . e r e or e , e e r

wan th an E ld shi p it hath n v th l ss p w t

te er e er e e o er o

p re ach a
p y ,
sing p salms
r and ,
b y c ns qu nc t , so o e e e o

admi is th s als f th c v nan t ; als t adm nish

n te r e e o e o e o o o

c nvinc x c mmunicat abs lv and all th ac ti ns

o e, e o e, o e o er o

e i th f th k ingd m p i s th d Wh n th Chu ch
er O e o or r e oo . e e r

has ch s n d dain d h s lf E ld s th n th Chu ch

o e an or e er e er ,
e e r

l s th n n f h f m p w b t s till tain th it
o e o e O er or er o er , u re e

e n ti t h s lf t
re o wh n ccasi n s v th
er e o u se e o o er e .
” 1

A t th s
“ E ld shi p
o e
“ P sbyt y i s lf h er
”
or re er
”
t e e
, , ,

no w b li v d tha t
e e
“all th E ld s had th sam ffi c
e e er e e O e

r m ces, 2 8.
1
D zfi p .

1 40
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igin s
,

p ac
r t ical ul s f t h
r ga teh ing f
or n dful funds
e and er o ee ,

indica s th p u p s s f which h y w t b us d by
te e r o e or t e ere o e e

t h d ac ns
e e A l l th m mb s f h Chu ch
o . e t e er O t e r are o

c n t ibu t s m thing H p ach d

o r e o e asy d c t in
.
”
e re e no e o r e

t tho e r
“
ich in h n c ssi i s f th Chu ch th ich t e e e t e O e r e r
,

mus t s ll th i g ds and p visi ns f th h l p f h

e e r oo ro o or e e o t e
Chu ch Th Chu ch w a s cial ganism wh s
r . e r as o or o e

m mb s w k ni t g th by h b nds f a c mm n
e er er e t o e er t e o O o o

s pi i t in t a c p at f ll wshi p Th w lfa f ach

r o or or e e o . e e re O e

was b und p wi th th g d f all I f th ich

o u
“ e oo O . e r

b h n d t c n t ibu t th y unw thy m m

re t re
”
o no
“ o r e e a re or e

b s f th Chu ch and unna u al p a ts f th b dy and

er O e r ,
t r r O e o ,

a re t b o c nsu d acc ding t th ul

e e re S p cial or o e r e .
” 1
e

p y a
r ander han k sgiving w
t t b ff d p t t h e re o e O ere u a e

t e o t e
“
im f h c ll c ti n Alms c n t ibu ti ns h o e o : or o r o to t e

T asu y mus t b
re r sanc tifi d by p ay and thank se e r er

giving “ Th
.
”
t asu y is t e b c ll c t d v y fi s t
re r o e o e e e er r

d y a f th O w k wh n t h e eewh l Chu ch c m h e e o e r o et

t g th t b a k b ad Many p pl w uld thin k it ”

o e er o re re . eo e o

s ang in th s days if n tic w giv n tha t nl y th s

tr e e e o e er e e o o e

in m mb shi p wi h th Chu ch w x p c t d t c n i
e er t e r er e e e e o o tr
bu t th c ll c ti on B t that w th p inci p l laid
e to e o e . u as e r e

d wn by J hn Smi th Th ught t b a s pa at i n
o o . er e o o e e r o

in alms and c nt ibu ti n t th t asu y as w ll as in

o r o o e re r e

o th p a
er t s f s
r p i i t ual
O c mmuni
ou r n ; t h fr t h y o o e re ore , e

t hat wi th u ar e t in m mb shi p ] if th y giv

o t no e er e e

anything mus t l y it ap a t s v al f m th t asu y a r e er ro e re r ,

d i mus t b m p l y d t c mm n ” 2
an t e e o e o o o use .

J hn R bins n ag d wi th Smi th this p in t and

o o o re e on o ,

th ugh his Chu ch t h

ro
p ac t ic fr s m f h N e w r e O o e O t e e

1 D ifi er em es , p
'

. 29 .

2
Mi d , p 30 . .

1 42
 T he U se C h u r ch M o n ey O f
E ngland Chu ch s wi t h g a d tr t h c ell c t i n was re r o e o e o

influ nc d in h sam di cti n Mas t R bins n

e e t e e re o . er o o
1

ha h f ll w d Mas t Smi th in his d c t i

t o o e d p ac ic
er o r n e an r t e

ab u t t h s pa a ti n in alms and ha th
o e e r o s p cial ,
so on e e

k ind f s p a a t i n m
o e t han Mas t
r J hns n Mas t
o ore er o o or er

A insw t h in h i c m p ani s d p ac t ic and t h

or t e r o f e o r e, ere o r e

migh s m t hav a m h l y t asu y A m d n

t ee o e or e o re r
”
o er

x am pl is fu nish d by th Chu ch s f th Ch is tian

r
“e e r e O e r
e e

B th n in E n gland t th p s n t t im which will

re re
”
a e re e e

o nl y acc p c n ibu ti ns f m t h i w m mb s
e t o tr o ro e r o n e er .

T h g n al ins t uc t i ns f
e e er th m p l y m n t f th
r o or e e o e O e

m n y and g ds c ll c t d th w s m ligh t u p n th
o e oo o e e ro o e o e

c ndi ti n f th Chu ch t Ams t dam

o o o e r a er

1 M i
. f ld
a n ten a n c e i ll o m m
th e E er s , e sp e c a y su ch a on g th e
as a r e m i f l [ i i ki ] i h w d d i
os t p a n u e p a n s ta ng n t e or an d oc tr n e .

ld li qi mi
. .

T he E f
er s th a t ar e o ab i ty o u g ht n o t to re u re a n te n an c e
Of th e b c hu r c h , u t o u g h t r a t he r
b to c on tr i u te t o t h e tr e a su r y .

T he E l
d m m im er s d a d w k wi h h i
y so et e u p on goo g r ou n s or t t e r

h and f s v i di ff or a d
o li ng O Ch h en c e an he p ng t he urc .

2 M i
. f wid w d b
a n t en an c e q
O th e o s an y c on s e u en c e o th e r

O ffi c er s w mi th a t an t a n te n a n c e

li f f h l ph d wid w
.

3 Re b e h O t e p oor f r et r en a so or an s an o s o

l f hi b f
.
,

b r e th r en
d d d ec eas e an t ha t n ot o n y o t e r ow n ut o o th e r tr u e
ll h m m w m iv d h i
,

Ch ur c h e s , e s p e c i a y of t e fr o ho th e y r e c e e t e fa th .

4 . vi i f Pro s on l v l d wi
or n ec e s s ar y u s e s a s p aces , e s se s , br ea n e,

im l m f i i wh l
,

an d o th e r mm
p e en t s or the co on n e c e s s t es of th e o e

b d o y .

“
Q Wh h f h
u ery . fb etd d wi
er , b v
i t e c h ar g e O r ea an ne e er y gr e a t
as i f ll h
t ia m et i
ou t n s o m d e c o u n tr e s an d s o e y e a r s an th e o ffi c er s

w mi
,

d p d m b th e L or
’
an o or an t a n t e n an c e , s S u pp e r a n ot e
y
d mi i d v
” 2
d f d d b d
’
e er r e an n ot e a n s ter e e er y L or s D ay .

T his is a flash f ligh t u p n th ha dshi p s which t h s o o e r e e

Lawn e s P r op/ l a n e S c/
’
zi sme, 16 12 , p 88
'

—
. .

9
D i f er en ces , pp 30 3 1
f
. .

I 43
 S mith ,
Helw ys
and B ap tis t Or igins
re fug s w call d u p n t ndu Th y w accus
ee e re e o o e re. e ere

t m d t
o a ugh p l n ty in E gland b t in H lland
e o ro e n ,
u o

t h y f und t h
e c st f living inc as d I t t k s m
o e o O re e . oo o e

t im t fall in t t h ways f th
e o w lif and find sui t abl
o e O e ne e e

and m un ativ m p l ym n t M anwhil t h s wh

re er e e o e . e e, o e o

had s ld th i li t l s tat s in E gland f und th i s c k

o e r t e e e n o e r to
m l ting away whil th n c ssi t i s f th Chu ch w
e ,
e e e e e O e r er e

f orth t im b in g inc s d I th s ci cumstanc s

e e e re a e . n e e r e

Smi h was inclin d p t th p ac tical n ds f th

t e to u e r ee O e

Chu ch and it p b f th c m n y f th Su pp
r s oo r e o re e ere o O e er ,

d a as that was t th i h a ts and h l p ful t th i

e r o e r e r e o e r

liv s e .

Th b k f Diff e
“ oo nc s c nclud s wi th C t y
O e re e o e er a ne

D mand s wh t w d si di c t and s und answ

e e er o ee e re re o er

wi h p f f m th Sc i ptu s This is a f midabl

t r oo ro e r re .
”
or e

s t ing f si x ty qu st i ns such as th f ll wing

r o -
on e e o e o o

W h hh e th e r tii l d e i m m
ol y org na s h o n ot c on ta n or e a tter t an

th e p r op h e ts a n
d l w m d d iv
ap o s t es t ha t r o te the i c on c e e

Wh h m
et e r h
e tr e m d q i r S i i
yt h an t u n e b e n ot u en c h n g th e p r t
Wh vl eth er b o u n t ar y i d w d e n o t a s n eces s a ry n tu n e an or s as

i m n a tter ?
W E ld r i
h e the r t h e iv v i i h h h
e sh p b a th a n e ga t e o ce n t e c ur c

t ha t hi n ot b l d d wi
n g c an me c on c u e thou t the ?
W h h et l f er v
t he m b
s ea s O d mi i d the co e n an t a y n ot e a n s ter e

t h b i g
er e e n ld i ffi ye t n o E er s n O ce ?

Wh n pl ying t this b k A insw th c m plain d

e re o oo or o e

t ha t Smi t h had t t t th di ff nc s b tw n th
no se ou e e re e e ee e

E nglish Chu ch s t A ms t dam wi th su ffici n t p

r e a er e re

i i
c s on , and t h n glancing t this l ng lin f n t s f
e ,
a o e O o e o

in t gati n minding him f a s t ing f fi h h k s h

e rr o o ,
re O r O s -
oo ,
e

says wi th a t uch f hum u h sh uld t angl f

, o O o r, e o no e or

o th s t er t th m o set as h has d n by his s

e id w
ou e o e e rr e ro

O
“
f d mands e t th d f his b k a e en O oo .

1 44
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

re t aining t h ba p tism which th y had c iv d in that

e e re e e

Chu ch Th y tain d it bap tism whil h y n unc d

r . e re e s e t e re o e

it s d s and c m p ll d h s wh h d c iv d p is
or er , o e e t o e o a re e e e

c p l dina i n b
o a or dain d in th c ng gati n
t o to e re o r e e o re o

which h y w sp cially c ll d t s v
t e e re e a e o er e .

Smi h saw h w ill gical his was H d cla d hat

t o o t . e e re t

if th Chu ch f E ngland w
e ally a fals Chu ch h n
r O ere r e e r t e

h erbap ism mus t b fals B t h w n t f h t han

t e e. u e e u rt er

this and p udiat d infan t ba ptism as b i g wi h u

, re e e n t o t

wa an t in th N w T s tam n t I s m d cl t him
rr e e e e . t ee e e ar o

t ha in d t t pora t u Chu cheracc ding t h

o s et u r e r or o t e

N w T s t am n t m d l h and his c m p an y w uld hav

e e e o e e o o e

t b gin all v
o e again and wha is m w uld hav t
o er , ,
t or e , o e o

b gin by baptism I t was t th fi s t t im that h

e . no e r e t e

q s i n had a is n am ng E nglish S p a is s b t
ue t o r e o e ra t t ,
u

hi th t th y had w i h v y f w x c p i ns shi k d it
er o e ,
t er e e e t o ,
r e .

T ba p t iz t h i m mb s an w w uld lin k h m
o e e rin e er e o t e on

t h p p l
e s timati n wi h h A nabap tis ts and that
o u ar e o t t e ,

was i l f such ill d u that th y s ugh t by v y

a t t e o O o r e o e er

m ans t av id it B t J hn Smi h was t h man

e o o . u o t no t e

to b f igh d by nam s wh n c nsci nc and

e r te n e e e o e e co n

v ci ti call d him t a p a ic la c s I this cas

on e o rt u r ou r e . n e

h w n t s t aigh t
e e and such w his suasiv p w s
r on , e re e o er

ha t h ca i d his f ll w m mb s wi th him v n in t
t e rr e e o e er ,
e e o

A naba p ism H v cam th di fficul ty f finding an

t . e o er e e O

adminis t at by fi s b ptizing hi m s lfand th n T h mas

r or r t a e e o

H l wy and h
e s t ach mak ing th i p a ticula
s t e re ,
e e r r r c on

f ssi ns T h n th y p c d d l c t p as t and ffic s

e o . e e ro ee e to e e or O er

an w thus m k ing a cl an s ta t and viving nc m

e , a e r re o e ore,

as th y fi mly b li v d a Ch ch af th p imit iv
e r e e e ,
ur te r e r e

a p s lic p a t n am ngs t E nglish s p ak ing p p l

o to t er o -
e eo e .

W c nn t y wi th c ain ty what l d S mi th t t u n
e a o sa e rt e o r
 F r e sh S tar t A
his a tt n t i n t h qu s ti n f bap ism I t has b n
e o o t e e o O t . ee

c nj c tu d that h cam und th influ nc f th

o e re e e er e e e O e

Du tch M nn ni s hus a ly in his s j u n t A ms t

e o te t e r o o r a er

dam Th f ll w s i M nn Sim ns ( 4 9
. e o o er O e o o 1 2

one o f t h m s t ng ging f t h A naba p t is t l ad s w

e o e a O e e er ,
er e

num us and influ n tial t A ms t dam and Smi h s n

er o e a er ,
t oo

cam i t t uch wi th th m H lwy ack n wl dg s ha t

e n o o e . e s o e e t

th y w
e h m ans f b inging hims lf and his f i nds
e re t e e o r e r e

ou t f s m g i v us
O o s th ligh t f u th I t is
e r e o e rro r to e O tr .

no t t all unli k l y ha t Smi t h was influ nc d b t h b y

a e t e e o

t h M nn ni s and b y t h s
e e o f his w na t i n w h had
te o e o o n o o

b c m A nabap tis ts in H lland b f his a ival in

e o e o e ore rr

t ha t c un t y E n ch Cla p ham was t ubl d wi th

o r . o ro e

A nab p is t s in t h Chu ch f E nglish

a t fug s t whiche r O re ee o

h minis t
e d t A ms t dam in e re I
a his Chu ch er n r

t h qu s i n as t
e e th validi y f h ba p ism giv n in
t o o e t o t e t e

th eChu ch s f R m and E ngland was t h ughly

r e O o e or o

d bat d H cam t h c nclusi n tha t it was t t

e e . e e o t e o o no o

b e a t d f ifet ha t ba t ism “ b wh ll f ll n h n t e
p re e
p , or y e o a e

w mus t b all u ba p is d t ill s m

e e th J hn B ap tis t
n t e o e o er o

or Ch is t hims lf c m d wn again t b gin and l y th

r e o e o o e a e

f und t i n an w x c p t i t b lawful f
o a o e v y man t
,
e e e or e er o

ba ptis and th I e t w hy t h s b f en us as w ll as
see n o o er e o re e

no w did t w ll n ugh ba p t is
no I f t h y had nl y
e e o e. e o co n

id d “ h absu d s f ll wing u p n th c n n t i n
t
”
s e re e r e r r or o o o e o te o

t ha t R mish and Anglican bap tism was invalid many

o
“

p oo rE nglish s uls w uld t hav huno t d af t w o no SO e e er ne

ba ptisms .
” 2

B sid s th s m mb
e e f Cl p h m e e Chu ch th e ers o a a
’
s r ,
er e

S ee H en och C l apham s L i ttl e tr acta te en ti tl ed

1 ’
Tb e Ca rpen ter ,

2 T/
J
da ted u l y 7, 1 59 7 S ig E . . .

i eol o i ea l A x i oms
g , by Hen och Cl apham , 1 597 . Con cl usion , 5.

S ig B iii
. . .

1 47
 Smi t h H elwys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

w many f m R b t B wn s Chu ch t Midd lbu g

e re ro o er ro e
’
r a e r

and a f w f m th Chu ch f J h s n and A insw h

e ro e r O o n o or t

wh f ll away t A naba p t ism

o e Wha is m li k ly than
o . t or e e

t ha s m t f t h s E nglish A naba p t is t s sh uld c m in

o e o e e 1 o o e to
t uch wi t h J hn Smi h
o ow t ha t h was t va ianc wi h t no e a r e t

t h Chu ch f which F ancis J hns n was p as t

e r o ? H w r o o or o

e v ha t m y b w
er t a abl t t ac th c u s f h
e, e ar e e o r e e o r e O t e

c nt v sy this subj ct f m th pam phl ts b th

o ro er on e ro e e on o

sid s p in d in c nn c t i n wi h this discussi n I t was

e r te o e o t o .

wi th his l d f i nd R icha d Clif n ha t h a gu d th

O r e r to t e r e e

matt f F ancis J hns n d clin d t n t in t

er , or r o o e e o e er o con

tr ov ers y wi t h him di c t l y re .

—
Clif n ( 553 6 6) was f many y a s c t f
to 1 I I or e r re or o

B abw th in N ttinghamshi H was a h a s i ing

or ,
o re . e e rt - t rr

p re ach b t was
e r, d p iv
u d f his living f n ncen r e o or o o

f mi ty t th c m ni s f h Chu ch J hn Smi h
or o e e re o e O t e r . o t

had b n int imat wi th him in E ngland and was h

ee e ,
t e
m ans f c nvincing him hat th S pa a is t Chu ch was
e o o t e e r t r

a t u Chu ch H had als discuss d wi th him in w i ing

r e r . e o e r t
qu s ti ns la ing t x c mmunica i n and th p in ts
e o re t o e o t o o er o

o f Chu ch d I t app a s that Clif n and div s

r or er .
“ e r to er

th s u s d t hav “ c mmi t d t hoi s uls t e te

”
o er p p r o e o e r o o

Smi h as w sh uld y p p s d t j in his Chu ch

t , o r, e o sa ,
ro o e o o r

on h i a ival in H lland b t chang d th i minds

t e r rr o ,
u e e r on

acc un t f
o s h had b ach d li k ly t b ing h
O e r r or e ro e e o r t e
caus int ill fav u Smi th s advanc t th A nabap tis t
e o - o r .
’
e o e

p osi t i n caus
o d s t ill g a t c
e ns t na t i n am ng his l
re d er o er o o O

f i nds
r e .

1
Cf al so R oy a l l E x efi ang e, etc , by J ohn P ayn e , Haar l em , 1 597, p 2 2
w
. . .
.

I w ish e you b e ar e O f t he d an ge rou s e op in i on s of suc he E n g l ysh e

w
A n ab ap tists b r ed h er e a s h ose par son s in pa r t w ith more s tor e of th ere
”
l etter s d oth crepe an d sp r ead e amon gs t you in ci ttie an d c on tr ey .

1
4 8
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys
B ap t is t Or igins an d
T e s tam i
e n t of an y w i J
n fan t s t hat i er e b apt zed by oh n or C hr st s
’

di l Ol
s c i p es y t
n h e y t h a ti i
d i d i
c on fe s s t he r s n s a n d c on fe ss th e r

i d
.

faith w er e b ap t z e
i i i i
.

) 2 mm
B e c a u s e C hr d m st c o an g
e th to ak e Dp l e s b
sc y t e ac h n

m
th e d an m f
t hen t o b ap ti z e t h e , b u t i n i an ts c an n ot b y d o c tr ne

b eco m i di i l
e C hr s t s
’
l f
s c p es an d s o c a n n ot b y th e ru e O C hr i s t b e
bapt i ze d .

( ) 3 i i
B e c au se i f n fa n t s i i
b e b ap t
b d ze d th e c a r n al s e e d s ap t ze

and so l t he v s ea mi i
Of th e d co m en an t is ad n s ter e to the u n to

w m ho v t he co i wi
e n an t a pp er ta n e th n o t, i h ch is a p r ofa n a t on

v d mi i
.

1
II T ha t An ti c hr is ti a n s
. b c on e r te d a r e to e a tte d n to t he
tr u e b im
C h u r c h b y ap t s
i
.

( ) I B e ca u s e C hu r c h e s d ar e s o t o be c on s t tu te n o w a fte r the
i
d e fe c t i i
on of An t w fi c h r s t, a s t h ey l er e r s t e r ec te d b y the Ap ost e s
i f iv
.

B u t i n t he c on s ti t u t on O C hu r c h e s the Ap os tl e s r ec e e d i n th e

m m e im
b e r s b y b ap t s m ; e r g o , so u s t w e d o n ow .

( )
2 B e c a u s e tr u e m b b a p ti s m
i s b ut on e ;
A u t t he b ap ti s Of n ti

i im d
c hr s t i s n o t t r u e b a p t s m an C i s o n ot th a t on e b a p ti s of hr st ,

b u t al l m me f
b e r s o C hr sti m v im u st ha tr u e b a p t s
e

j
.

'

( )3 B ec au se as th e f al s ed C h u r c h i s r e e c te d an the tr u e
l Mi i
e re c t e d , th e f a se n s tr y iv for sa k e n l an d t h e tr u e r ece ed 80 fa se

w i (
or s h p q
an d b
by i m) m c on s e u en ce d d a pt s u st be r en oun c e an

im m
t h e tr u e b a p t s a ss u ed.
“J S MY O HN TH .

Af Clif n had c iv d his b mbsh ll h had

te r to re e e t o e e

s m c nv sa i n u p n h qu s i ns issu wi th
o e o er t o o t e e t o at e

M U sula B wa wh m h d sc ib s as “ a
rs [ .
] y r t e r, o e e r e

g n l w m n t ha ha h mb ac d y
e t e o a t s t eI r e ou r e rror .
”

u g d h h says
r e e r,
”
b ca ful v
e h s lf h w h
,
to e re o er er e o s e

e n ain d y u w p ini ns fli m i g ha I w
te r t e o r ne o o ,
a r n t t as

p ersuad d h y w
e g i tv us
e s and
e re
p y a d h
r e o e r ror , r e er

ins an tl y s ay awhil un il y u P si i ns migh b

t to t e t o r o t o t e

answ d assu ing h tha I c uld by G d s h l p d f nd

e re ,
r er t o o
’
e e e

1 The ter m w hic h seems to u s harsh, had b ec om e a

An ti chr istian ,
m ere c on v en ti on al ph ra se a m on gst the S eparati sts to d esig n ate R om an
C athol i cs an d th ose i n E ng l an d who ad hered to the pr el atical par ty .

1 50
 Clifto n D efends I n fan t B ap ti sm
t his t u th w r s tand f against y e A cc dingl y or ou
1
or

Clif n t t w k t p l y t th tw p p si t i ns f
to se o or o re o e o ro o o O

Smi th H d f nd d th ba p ism f infan ts and d cla d

. e e e e e t O e re

it t b o u tt ly unlawful t bap iz such as hav

e er
“ ”
o re - t e e

b n f m ly baptiz d in th A p s a t Chu ch s f
ee or er e e o t e r e O

Ch is tians T his p ly is dat d Ma ch 4 th 6 8

r .
”
re e r 1 ,
1 0

which giv s us a fi x d p in t b f which Smi h had

e e o e o re t
ad pt d B ap tis t p ini ns
o e O o .

I t n days Smi h had c m pl t d an lab a t answ

en t o e e e or e er

t t h a gum n t s c n t ain d in Clift n s l H s n ’

o e r e p y o t e o re . e e

on a w i t n c py f this answ da d Ma ch 4
r t e o O e r, te r 2 ,

1 6 8 0 t Clif n wh f thwi h b gan a s c nd ply

o to ,
o or t e e o re .

Wh n Clift n had alm s t c m p l t d his s c nd answ

e o o o e e e o er ,

Smi th wi th u c nsul t ing Clift n p t th i f m o t o

“ o u e r or er
, ,

p iva
r t p assag es u p n t his t p ic te t h
”
p ss und o o o e re er

th v ca iv
ro t i t l o f “ T h Cha
t ac
e t f t h Be asO t e r er o
”
pe e e .

H th w d
e re cha ac t is us d in th iginal s ns
e or r er e e or e e

o f a ma k s tam p and is in t nd d t d n t th
r or , e e o e o e e

bap tism usually c iv d in th Chu ch s f E ngland and re e e e r e o

R m o T his is mad cl a by t h qu ta t i n
e . the i tl e r e o o on e t e

ag f R x iii 6 and R x iv “ 1I f man 10 :

p e o ev . 9 .
y
,
ev . .
, an

re ec iv th ma k in his f h ad i his hand th sam

e e r or e e or n e e

shall d in k f th win f th w a h f G d
r O e e O e r t O o .
”

T his li t t l p am p hl t is p ly p in t d p p ap
e e oo r r e on o or er .

T h p in t s nam is t m n t i n d ; w sim p l y hav th

’
e r er e no e o e e e e

p h as r p in
e,t d I t lr k s as et h ugh Smi t h had oo o

difficul ty i th f m lac k f m ans f m th caus s

, e er ro O e or ro o er e ,

in g tting his b k s publish d Th t n f th w k

e oo e . e o e O e or

is t t all p l asing ; Th v y fac t tha t th l ad s in

no a e e er e e er

C l ift on s P l ea for I nf a n ts, etc , 1 6 1 0 , p 5

’
1 . . .

2 Clza r acter o
f tbe B east , 1 60 9, p 68 , an d Tbe P l ea, 1 6”1 0, p 2 1 3
3 w
I en d ri ti n g thi s , Mar ch 2 4 , 1 60 8 , ohn S myth , C/ i a r a rter ,
.

J
. .

etc.

p 7.1 T h i.s o u l d b e A p w
r i l 3 , 1 609 , i n m od ern r e ck on in
g .

1 51
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

th eanci n t S pa a tis t Chu ch had n t d in t a

e e r r e e re o c on

s p i r ac
y f sil nc oagains t him emad him
e
p s n t his e re e

cas wi th th sha p s t p ssibl dg H w uld sm th

e e r e o e e e . e o oo

n thing d wn H is v h m n t d ab lu t O f th
o o . e e e e an so e. e

S p a atis t Chu ch h says

e r r e

Al th ou gh i i on c e v wl d d
n ou r g n or an ce w e h a e a c kn o e g e h er a
tr u e C b i
hu r c h , ye t b m d
n ow , v e ng ette r i n for e , we re ok e t h a t ou r

jdm
er r on e o u s d u g ien t , a n w p r ot e s t a g a n s t he r as ell fo r h e r f al s e
c on s t i i f h f l mi i w i d v m
t ut on a s or er a se n s tr y, or s h p, an go er n en t .
” 1

T h n a li t tl la t
e h b aks e t agains t t h l ad s
e r on e re ou e e er

in th s t ms e e er

W qi hm
e re u re h t m e , h ll
n ay , we c ar g e th e y e a we c a en g e

th e m t o t h e d e f
fe n c i
e O t h e ! i r err o r s . LO w e p r otes t a g a n st

f l l i d im f
,

t he m b C
to e a a s e hu r c h , f a b s el y c on s t t u te i n t h e ap t s o

if
n an ts d h i an b t i e r W
ow n un i apt zed e s ta te . e p r o t e s t a g a n st

th e m v f l w hi
to h a e a i b
a se W or s i p O f r ea d n g o ok s . p r o te s t a g a
e n st

th e m v f l v m f if m d b
to ha e a a se go er nW en t o a tr or e p r e s yter y . e

p r o t e s t i
a g a n st m v f l mi i th e f to ha e a a se n str y O D oc tor s or

T e a c her s i ll i m
F n a y w e p r o te st ag a n s t the i hi
th a t s e e n g t e r

i f l
.

c on s ti tu ti on f
s a s e th er e o r e th er e i s n o o n e o r d i n an c e Of t he
L or d m
tr u e m a on g i v bi
the d T he s e th n gs we ha e pu l s hed an

i qi im i
.

o f the s e th ngs w f we re u r e an s m er , or w e p r oc l a aga n s t th e

as l im i
th ey p r o c a m
ag a n s t t h e i r o w n l d o t h er E n g an t ha t t he
f i
,

d
S ep ar a tion , t he yo u n ge st a n d the a re s t a u ghte r
f m i o Ro e, s an

h l h m h 2
f i i h d h
’
ar ot , or a s s t e ot e r s o s t e a u g t er .

T ul y t h
r ip th ts which B w and his f ll w s
,
e e e arr o e o o er

di c t d agains t h A nglican Chu ch w

re e t e w c ming r e re n o o

h m t st
o e o r oo .

Th fac t ha t J hn Smi th ba p t iz d hims lf has b n

e t o e e ee

e s tablish d b y nd qu s ti n by th s wh hav l k d
e e o e o o e o e oo e

in t th ma tt in c n t y a s th ugh i was d ub t d
o e er re e e r ,
o t o e

1 Cb a r acter of t ko B east : E pistl e to R ead er , u.

2 i ar acter , etc
C/ E p i stl e to R ead er , p
. . v .

1 52
 Smi th ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Or igins
t he S macr a m lv
e n t u p on m mth e i d f se e s , so ay a n y an r a se u p a te r

t he A p os t a A i
s y o f i i v i fh C
n t c hr s t , b b n th e r e co er n g O t e hu r c h y ap

ti sm dmi i a i n s te r i m lf m m i w i
t u p on h se in co u n on th o th er s .

v i i ifi w i m lf i v
,

E ery Pr es t g o n g to s a c r c e a s he d h se n t he L a e r at th e
d o or f o the T a b e r n a c l e O f th e
i wh c o n g r e g a t on , ic h was a typ e Of

b im
a pt s f
t h e d oo r ( O vth e M f
c h ur c h Tit 3 E er y a s te r O a

d mi i v im l f m il
.
,

fa m il y a d n s te r e ll
th e P a s s o er to h se f an d a Of hi s a y .

l fi f im l d h A m
T he p r es t d a i y s a c r i c e d or h
i se f an ot er s . an c a n n ot

i i
b a p t z e oth er s n to th e C h u r c h h im f b C sel e i n g ou t of t he hu r c h ,
t her e f l wf l f
or e , it is am i im f
u or a wi an t o b a pt ze h s el t og et h er th
o th e r s mm in i d w
co u n on l an f th i s ar r a n t i s a p er op h or y or the

p i
r ac t c e o f w i th a t b h ch i s d on e y us .
” 1

T th
O p si tei n h o laid d wn o T h mas H l w
er ey o o e s,

J hn Mu n and a s c i n f Smi h s f ll w s
o r to e ti o O t
’
o o er c on s s

te n tl y adh d b t h hims lf saw as n t chang his

e re ,
u e e re o o e

O p ini n ohis on
p in ttin d av idos m c ns qu nc
or s er to o o e o e e e

which h h d t f s e a Clift n p t th cas in this

no ore e e n . o u e e

w y a Ify: hat ba p iz y u s lf (b ing b t an dina y

ou t t e o r e e u or r

man ) m y his d th n m y an th d th li k and

a t o, e a o er o e e so

e v y ba p tiz hims lf H als p ush d Smi th s

er on e e e .
” 2
e o e
’

r u e
“
a g m n that ba p ism is th visibl f m f th Chu ch
t t e e or o e r

t an u
o x p c t d c nclusi n
ne e e o o

fb I imb h f m
ap t s e i m t m e p or h t he n t ay c o e to a ss t at on e

m an m b ay vi i l C e a s fi i h m
b e hu r c h as h e tha t r st n t e co p a n y
a i
b p t z e th h im f i C s el b i b he i d f s a h u rc h e ng ap t z e or he t h a t
i f md Ad
, ,

b a th the for m m m u p on d b hi u st n e e s e t h e th ng or e n

h wh h b p i d im f w hi h i
.

so M mr. S yth w a s
C a hu r c en e a t ze h s el c s

a b d
sur ik to th n
”
8 .

T his w uld b individualism o e wild and Smi h ru n ,

t ,

t h ugh d m c a ic in s p i i t and a cham p i n f lib ty had

o e o r t r o O er ,

a k n s ns f d and fi tn ss in all Chu ch ac i ns

ee e e O or er e r t o .

1
Ck a r acter of the B east, p 59 . .

1
me P l ea, 1 6 1 0 , p 1 78 . .

3
1 6id , p 1 79
. . .

1 54
 T i tl e T he —
S e B a p t is t
‘

T h a gum n t and bj c i ns u g d by Clif n agains t

e r e s O e t o r e to
s lf bap ism s m hav w igh d wi h Smi h and
e -
t ee to e e e t t ,

th ugh h h ld hi c nvic i n f h c ssi y f

o e e to s o t o O t e ne e t O

adul bap ism w shall

t t ha h cam
,
e n unc his s ee t t e e to re o e

a ct O f s lf ba p tism which had mad him n

e -
i us e o t or o .

T h n w s f J hn Smi h s advanc h A naba p is

’
e e O o t e to t e t t

p si
o i n wast o l g in aching his
n ot f m f
on i nds d re or er r e an

a cquain anc s in E ngland H was

t e hid his . e n ot o n e to e

ligh und a bush l Clif n giv s i as

t er e f his
. to e t on e O

re as ns f p lying
o or
“Th Cha ac
re f h B as to e r te r o t e e t
”

tha h sa m b k is s n t v in
“ t t e e oow c un y e o er to ou r o n o tr
and is p ad ab ad in th hands f man y A c py
S re ro to e O .
” 1
o

cam eh hands to t f R icha d B na d wh n h w

e O r er r e e as

e ngag d his ply A i sw h s C

e on re
p y to n ort
’
o u n te r o son
”

and it is B na d
,
toha p ly ha I ac h
er r In t t re , t t tr e t e
“
nic k nam S bap is by which J hn Smi h has b n
e e- t t o t ee

dis inguish d f m th s f ha nam

t e ro o er O t t e .

B na d lls us hum usly why h c in d th

er r te or o e o e e

p h as r e

f I an y a s k i v im il
w hy I d o g l m m e h a n ew t t e t o hi s o d na e : y
an sw w
er i s he w w
an t e d I k n o i d a G od fa t h er h e n h e w a s C hr s te n e

a g ai n e n ow i m
it i s m il
a n an c e n t c u s to e to na e t h e n t he ch de an d

th e v
s u s cep tor s t o gi e i t q d i
. I n d e ed I w a s n ot re u e s te b y th s

C ilh de P a r e n ts t o b e a n x u n d e r ta k e r , n e v e r t h e l e s s e u p o n s o e
’
s tr a
i
or d n a r i e a n w il m w x i wi m
Ac t I l be so e hat e or b ta n t th ysel f t o
c al mM J
hi mi r. A ohn S i th , t he i n a b a p t i s ti c al l S e b ap t s t-
N o to r ou s
v m m m l
.

a ct s m wee d a y r ea e ha v e ad e en re ar k a b e a n d h a g ott e n
e

th em m d i l
na e s an m m tt es fo r a e or i a l l o f t h e f a c ts a n d d e e d s d on e

l i w w il v
.

W hy sh ou d n o t h e e th e n O b ta n hat o r th y h e h a t h d e s er e d ?

H A
e is f
n a b a p ti s ti c al l b
or r ei i p a p t z a t on , a n d h e i s a S e ba ti st -

b ec a u s e he d i db i im l m apt se i w l h se f . I t is or e t ha n C hr st ou d do
ld wi im
.

B u t he cou fin d no h th e r to g o for B ap t s
m e. In so e C h u r c he s
i f l
t w as im
a se , as m be b l wf l
agi n ed ; i n s o e tr u e , u t n ot a u l y to b e

1 Tk e P l ea, etc .
, p r e face .

1 55
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
r ece iv d b e
2
‘
e c au s e Of some H i B i hi B p i m
er e s es .
1
ut s s a t s e

tr u e ?

B na d us s h t m S bap tis t m than nc

er r e t e er e- o re o e.

H p lac s it u p n t h t i tl p ag
e e f his b k and w i s
o e e -
e O oo
3
r te
o f Smi t h w i t h a t uch f m c k y in t his s t ain o o o er r

H f
e d dh ath C h h h (i f
ou n will b li v
e a n ew hu r c he at you e e e

im d h
,

hi m) v dr eco b er e m d f m f
th e tr u e ap t s an t e tr u e att e r a n or O

a wih
t r u e C hu r c h , i l b f d h m c n ow s on y to e oun p u r e a on g a

co m p an y of
S i M mi w ll l d v i w d
e - b a pt st s r S th i ho e er th s or Se
im f f i i i w im i h
. .

to h s el or n go n g n to B ro n s he was a s e p ar a t s t , e

ld d i f m m d
,

he i ffe r in g i
op n i on s A ro th e , an n ow th a t h e s in n a b ap

ti ms i he b p i s w ll
a Se -
wi h a ti l s t, he ho y g oe th n ot t t h at h e r e t ca

s ec t m Itm i da y s ee v i v b he n ten e t h to h a e an o ar n e er y oat

f v i ld i ll wh ll d
.

an d a p i e c f
e o e er y p r o es s on , ho ng a a n d n on e o y, an

ye t w il lhi m b
s u pp o s e if w i se lf t he e s t , as he er e an u n er r n g

m
r e fo r vi er i ll ibl l i i i p i b
ha ng
” 1
an n fa e ru e n scr n a ector s to e un i

v er s al l y g o od .

J s ph Hall als s n b cam awa f Smi h s ac i n

o e o oo e e re O t
’
t o

and saw h l gical f c f his a gum n Smi h p

t e o or e o r e t . t ut

t h p in b i fl y in his f m
e o t r e t or

TO l ds ay l th u si i : d En g an ha th a fa s e con s t tu t on ; E n gl a n
h at h b ima tr u e ap t s

is m as u ch l as i
to sa y thu s : E n g an d h at h a f al se c on s tit u t on

En gl an d i ih at h a tr u e c o n s t t u t on

wi i h ch i s to c on tr a d c t.
” 5

H all u n d h a gum n agains t h S p a a is s

t r e t e r e t t e e r t t .

Ei h y m s
t er g f wa d A
ounaba p ism said h u t o or r to t e
“
,

t J hn R bins n
o o c m back us A l l y u
o o ,
or o e to . o r

R bbins cann t answ

a ha t cha g f y u bap iz do er t r e o o r re - t e

1
As mon g th e An ab aptists
a Marg in al n ote i n l oco .
’
.

2 P l a i n e E v iden ces , p 1 7 . .

2
P l a i n e E v i den ces , 1 6 1 0 Ti tl e p ag e an d pr eface . .

4 P l a i n e E v zden ces, p 1 9 . .

5
Cka r a cter , etc , Ep i st l e to R ead er
. .

1 56
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

re li g i W can pic tu th sc n t which t his vivid

on . e re e e e o

p assag f s e r e er

A d n f i d n ow, d d md ear f r en s, t o l e t you u n er s tan

y cause O

wi r ti n g t o t he m d M J mi d m
a for e n a e a s te r o hn S th an hi s co p an y
i
.

It f e ll o u t o f m m f m
l a te t h a t I , b e ng in co p an y O f s o e o t he had
wi h m w m d v w
,

so m e c on fer e n c e h er e in they
th t e see e er y e ll

a ff d
ec te i m O m w
t o t h e t h n g s th at I s p ake u n to t he . n e of the an s er

in g m e w d ld w li l ll
i n the s e or s :
‘
i
I c ou i l n gl y et a th e se th n gs

wi h ch v id d w
yo u ham b e i sa h go o n i n to e u t on l y th e g o n g t o t e
a s se m l b m
ie s ” w d m
; a n o th e r l Of the an s er e hi i n s ta n t y, ‘
Yo u
h e ard w id f h A ha t h e q dm sa or t at .
’
n d so th e y re u e ste e t ha t I
w d ou l d w i
s et wii w i db
t h e t hi n g s d o n n r t ng h ch ha e e n s a id an

th ey w d w
ou l b b i W i h i
e i th er an s er or su sc r i e u n to t. h c th ng
” 2
I th ou gh t g oo d to p er for m .

T h e re is
sh wd ma k by his w i b a ing on e re re r t r te r e r

up h on f S m i h s s lf ba p ism which is w
t e act h O t
’
e -
t or t

q a i n I was w nd h says y w uld t

u ot t o . t 3
o e r, e , ou o no

rec iv y u bap ism fi s t f m s m

e e o f h E ld s
r t e r ro o e on e O t e er

Of h D ch A naba p is t s b
t e yut will b h l y h n t ,
ut ou e o er t e

all and h w y hav ma d all B f his

,
s ee o ou e rre . e o re t
b k was issu d f m h p ss Smi h hims lf had b n
oo e ro t e re t e ee

s uck b y h sam h ugh and was al ady in a y

tr t e e t o t, re t re t
wi h h Du ch M nn ni s f admissi n t h i
t t e t e o te or o o t e r

f ll wshi p
e o .

Th y a 6 9 mus hav
e b e a busy r f 1 0 t e ee n on e or

J hn Smi h I addi i n his c n v sy

o t . h n t o to o t ro er on t e

qu s i n f bap ism wi h Clif n and R bins n and h

e t o O t t to o o t e

ublica i n “
his Cha ac f h B as h saw
”
p t f o o r te r o t e e t, e

th ugh h p ss his im p an t w k n ti l d
ro t e re or t or , e t e
“Pa all l s C nsu s O bs
r a i ns A p t y i g
e e e re e rv t o er e n n to
, ,

w
th e
1
I .v
ord
e .
, g oi n
g
ch u r ch
v
to s e r i c e
”
In this
at the parish churches ; the
con n ec ti o n
S ep aratists a oid ed
.

D escr ip t i on of tk e Cli i i r cli

2
f
o C/
zr i st , Ep i stl e to tk e Ci ti zen s o f t lze
H ea v en ly [ er a sa l em , p ii . .

3
1 l ud , p 2 3 . .

1 58
 Pa rall el e s and C e nsu r e s
th s v al W i tings W hav his w x plana ” 1
re e e er r . e e o n e

ti no f t h singula
O e
“
i l I hav th ugh m h
r t t e : e o t e et,
”
e

says t ba ly t p ublish this l tt b t p a ll l wis

,
no re o e re u ra e e -
e

t c m pa M B na d s b k M A insw t h s answ ’ ’
o o re r. er r oo r . or er

an d t his m y l tt his l tt f 6 7 t R icha d

e re e er o 1 0 o r

B na d ] t g th as als t ann x a f w im d
er r o e e r, o o e e e an a v er

si ns and bs va ti ns p t y i g th un t t hat by
o O er o a er e n n e re o

t his m ans h ag m n t and diff nc b i g disc v d

e t e re e e re e e n o er e

th t u t h m y h is his b was ” 2
e r pp w i ta T a k e ar e er e . oo

d sign d t s ablish h g n al g unds f th S p a a

e e o e t t e e er ro o e e r

ti n t bu t h a gum n ts p t f wa d in B na d s ’
o ,
o re t e r e u or r er r

S pa atis s Schism and t sh w t ha th c ns i tu i n

e r t
’
,
”
o o t e o t t o

o f t h Chu ch f E ngland was fals

e r A w hav al ad y
O e . s e e re

n t d A insw th had w i tt n an answ t B na d

o e ,
or r e er o er r

which had l d tha t ady w i t t ak p his p e re r er o t e u en

“ .
“
again Wh n say s B na d I was w i ting v m y e er r r o er
, ,

re lp y t this M A insw th which I had th ugh t sh uld

o r. or o o

hav g n f th al n I c iv d by G d s g d
e o e or SO o e, re e e o
’
oo

p ro vid nc t h S ba
e p t is t se b k l
e m an M Smi
e- t h s ’
oo e, e e r.
’

an s w als that it migh t t b as t li k an H ath nish

ere o, s o , no o e e e

G lias agains t G d s Chu ch wi th u t an nc un t I

o o
’
r o e o e r,

hav th f p lac d him and an k d him in his d

e er e or e e r e ue

or d as h cam and mad

er e w th as is m t
e, e an s er e er e t o ee .

I h a f M R bins n s als [ R bins n s ’ ’

e re O w r. o o an s er e o o o

Jus t ifica ti n f S p a a i n 6 ] if it had c m in h

o O e r t o , 1 10 o e e

sh uld als hav b

o l
p y od p T h ugh
e I b aee n re e v on . o e

w k ea man and m y w ap ns b against th s t h

e e o e e e r ee

C pt ia f th
a n es C m p ani s and b t a s n in a
O r ee o e , u to e
sling y t shall I s a l p il Th t u th is s t ng
,
e r e r ev a e . e r ro

agains t all n mi s wh s v t h y b e e e o oe er e e .
” 3

1
P rin ted 1 609 .

2
P r eface to P a r a l l el es .

2
P l a i n e E v i den ces , 1 6 1 0, p reface , i ii .

1 59
 Smi t h H el w ys and B a p t is t Origins
,

T hus s n was answ t than th hall was

no oo er on e er o u e

t ss d bac k in a s c nd
o e lp y S m i h might w ll b gin e o re . t e e

t g
o w w a y f t h w din ss f c n t v sy E v n
ro e r O e or e O o ro er . e

F ancis J hns n wh t th u ts t k p t al f f m his

r o o ,
o a e o e e oo ro t
discussi n ab u t b ptism j in d in th f ay as s n as
o o a ,
o e e r oo

Smi h s Cha ac t f th B as t saw th ligh t I t is

t
’
r er o e e
”
e .

t u
r h s t udi usl y av id d m n i ning Smi h by nam
e e o o e e t o t e

in wh t h had t y ab u t th ma t b t in his
a e o sa o e t e r, u

B i f T a is
r e t y i g s m
re g unds and as ns
t e con e n n o e ro re o

against tw f t h A naba p is t s
o e r r o u rs O issu d in 6 9 e t ,
”
e 1 0 ,

h cl a l y had Smi t h and his c m p an y in mind

e e r Th o . e

tw s w th p si i ns laid d wn by Smi th
o er r o r
”
ere e o t o
”
o

in c n t v sy wi h Clift n th
o ro e r c nc ning ba p tism
t o ,
e on e o er

O f infan s t h th tc nc ning anaba p ism f ld

,
e o er o er t o e er

l O t h s
”
in t s J hns n d cla d “t ha t
p p eo e .
p n e e o o o e re

baptism i t b adminis t d t infan s b ing th

s o e ere o t ,
e e

child n f th fai thful and tha bap tism c iv d in th

re O e ,
t re e e e

A p s t ical Chu ch s
o ta f Ch is t ians as f R m and
r e O r , O o e

t h li k
e is t b n unc d and a w t b p at d
e, no to e re o e ne o e re e e

again A th bap tism f Smi h s Chu ch h says

.
”
s to e O t
’
r ,
e
“ h i la
t e r washing f t h ms lv s is t B aptism
tter O e e e no e

a pp v d f G d in H i w d b a vayn bs vati n
ro e o o s or ut e o er o

o f th i w e rtak n p o b y t h will
n and inv n t ie n f v e e o O

man .
” 1

TH M B E OD E O F A P TI Z I N G

I t will h n tic d t ha t J hns n e f d t th baptism

o e o o r e e rre o e

O f Smi h and his c m p ani ns as a

t
“washing Th o o
”
e

q st i n a is s as t what was th m d f baptizing

ue o r e o e o e o

ad p d by Smi th Was it by imm si n by affusi n ?

o te . er o or o

f
A B r ie
1
Tr ea t i se, v etc .
, 1 609 , p . 2 2, i n the Un i ers ity Li br ary,
C a mb rid ge .

1 60
 Smi th HelWys and B ap ti s t Or i g i ns
,

Chu ch t hat th p ac tic f imm si n fi s t cam

r e r e o er o r e

in t v gu R icha d B lunt was s n t v in t h

o o e . r e o er o t e

N t h lands t
e er c iv ba ptism in t hat mann o re e e er ,

for imm si n had b n in t duc d in t H lland

er o ee ro e o o

in 6 9 by th C l l g i t an ff sh t f m th
1 1 e o e an e n , O - oo ro e

M nn ni t s I t was t Jan B att n t h i t ach t

e o e . o e ,
’

e r e er a

L yd n
e t ha t e B lun t app li d f baptism T h
, e or . e

C ll g i t
o e w A minians d un th d x in
an e n ere r an or o o

th l gy b t th ughl y t l an t Th Calvinistic
eo o ,
u or o o er . e

O
p ini ns f B
o lun t w uld b
O b in t h i y s t his o e no ar e r e e o

baptism f th y ga d d th i t as admi tting in t th

,
or e re r e e r e o e

Chu ch univ sal and t in t th i p a t icula s ci ty

r er no o e r r r o e .

T hus th p ac t ic f imm si n was in t duc d in t

e r e O er o ro e o

E ngland and quic k l y gain d g und Wh as th e ro . e re e

D cla a ti n f Fai h issu d by T h mas H lwy and his

e r o o t e o e s

r e
“
f i nds in 6 s p ak s f baptism w ashing wi th
1 11 e O or

wa t h C nf ssi n f Fai th issu d by th p

e r,
”
t e o e o O e e re r e sen

t i
a t v es f s v n “ a t icula “Calvinis ic B a t is t
”
t
”
O
p e e p r r or

Chu ch s in L nd n in 644 p sc ib s imm si n as th

r e o o 1 re r e er o e

o e O
“
m d f bap ism I t is th fi s t c nf ssi n t insis t t . e r o e o
”
o
“
u p n di pp ing plunging th b dy und wa t
o or Th e o er er .
”
e

o nly passag in th w i ti gs f th a li E nglish e e r n O e e r er

B ap is ts which I k n w f ha t p in ts t imm si n is t
t o o t o o er o o

b ef und in L na d B ush s R ligi n s P ac a

o
“ eo r er
’
e o
’
e e or

Pl a f L ib ty f C nsci nc
e or iginally issu d in
er O o e e, or e

16 4 1
“ .
“
Ch ist h says c mmand d his disci pl s t
r
”
e o e e o
, ,

t ach all na t i ns and ba p t iz

e t h m ; t ha t is t
o p ach e e o re

th w e d f salva ti n t v y c at u f all s ts f
or O o o e er re re O or o

nat i ns tha t w thy and willing t c iv it A d

o are or o re e e . n

such as shall willingly and gladly c iv it h hath re e e , e

c mm nd d B b p i d i h w t k i d pp d
o a e to ( e a t ze n t e a er , t at s, i e

f ord d i k
ea w t A nd t h t f t h o A p s t l sai
a er . t h n e r e o re e o e ,

1 62
 U ni t a r ian
B ap t is t s
E ls wha t shall h y d wh
e bap iz d f th d ad if
t e o o ar e t e or e e ,

t h d ad b
e e t ais d w hy e no t h y ba p t iz d f
r e h ar e e e or t e

d ad ? C x v 9 A d th f h sai h w
e
’
1 or . . 1 . n ere o r e e t ,
‘
e a re

bu i d h n wi th him by bap ism R m vi 4 ; C l ii

r e t e t ,
’
o . . o . .

T his p assag al n is t d cisiv

e and w hav
o e no e e, e e to

re m mb that B sh was an individualis in ligi us

e er u er t re o

o p ini n op s n
,
ing re la g
re e b d y f t
p p l and t hanot r e o o eo e,

w e o nly k n w f this b k h ugh th p in t f 64 6

o o oo t ro e re r o 1 ,

as all iginal c p i s s m t b l s t I mm si n was

or o e ee o e o . er o

p rac t is d b y he Uni a ian B a p t

t is t se f Swi t z land as
t r o er

e a l y as 5 5 and by t h s f P land b f h y a
r 1 2 , o e o o e ore t e e r

1 55 in
0, acc danc wi t h whaort t h y h ld t b e t h usag e e o e e e

o f h P imi t iv Chu ch and h g n al indica i ns in

t e r e r t e e er t o

t h N w T s am n as t
e e eh mann
t f dis p nsing t ha t
e t o t e er o e

r i t T h p ac ic s ms t hav b n d iv d by h
e . e r t e ee o e ee er e t e

R h y nsbu g s C l l gi tr er f m th P lish S cinian

or o e an e n ro e o o

B ap is s T h fi s t b di pt t Ry b g was
t t .
“ e r t o e a ns ur

th esain ly and l v abl J hn E

t G o t e e o v e rs t o n e e s e ran u s

( 51 8 6 H and his b t h P w e s l y ro er ete r e re or e

s
er e cu t d b caus t h
e i vi wse
“ fav u d h e t n s fe r t et
p e o re e e O

S cinus and h A naba ptis s

o t I e 6 h R c f t .
” 2
n 1 20 t e e tor o

t h C ll g
e R a k w in P land a S cinian f unda t i n
o e e at o o ,
o o o ,

invi d G t te t a k p a p st as u t in that
ee s e r an u s o t e u o t or

fam us sch l f l a ning b h p f d t main in

o oo o e r ,
ut e r e err e o re

his w c un t y a ning his liv lih d by w aving

o n o r e r e oo e .

1 Tr acts on L i ber ty o f Con sci en ce . H an serd Kn ol l ys S ociety , 1 84 6,

59
—
.

2
Wall ace , A n t i tr i n i ta r i an B iog r ap hy , H .
, 550 558 , an d B arcl ay s
’

I n n er Life, etc p 73
. . .

1 63
 A PP E N D I X TO C HA P TE R X

N O T E O N T H E B AP T I S MAL F O R MU LA ‘

x i i
D r D e ter , p ct u r n g to h m s e f th e a ct of S m th s b ap t s m an d
. i l i ’
i
i
th e for m at on of hi s n e w C hu r c h , m agi n e s the ttl e comp an y i li
i
r an g n g t h e m se lv
e s r ou n d a t hr e e e
gg e d s to ol , on
hi c h a b a s n -
l w i
of w l
a te r w a s p a c e d , acc or d n g t o th e sc e n e i n a n ol d e n gr a i ni g v
af ter C or n eli u s v an S i c h e m, r ep r e s e n t n g i t h e b ap t im s of a n An a
i
b ap t s t T h e c omp a n y a r e g athe r e d i n a l ar g e c h a mb e r of a
.

w li
d el n g — h o u s e , t he n li i wi
thou t p r e m n a ry p r aye r S myth d p p e d i
w v
.

up a te r i n hi s h an d an d p ou r e d i t O e r h i s o w n f o r e hea d i n the

n ame of t h e F a t h e r , S on H l an d o y G h o st H e t.a k
” 1
e s i t for

gr a n t e d t h at t h e x m
or tho d o f or ula wa s u se d , b u t i n th s p o n t h e i i
i
i s m s ta ke n T he r e i s m vi
c on t e p or a r y e d e n c e th a t thes e er e n ot w
w mi i i Wi i i
.

th e or d s of ad n s trat on . r t n g e a r l y in 1 6 1 0 R cha r d
B er n ar d sa id 2

T hei r b ap ti sm i s fal se b ecau se i t

w w an teth th e true form , for they hel d
or d s o f C hr i s t s comm an d in g bap ti se v iz i n the n am e O f the
’
n o t the so to .

Fa the r, he S on an d th e H ol y G host N ow th e for m b ei n g fal se i t can n ot

b e tru e .
t
’
.

H e p u t s i n the m ar gin as hi s a u thor i ty th i s r e fer e n c e Wi t

n es s e Ia Wh a n d o th er m oe , ”
wi h ch m ay r efe r to J an e Wh te i ,

i l
. .

s s te r - i n - l a w of J oh n Rob i n s on I t is c ea r that B ern ar d h a d

i i
.

a c c e ss to fi rst h an d n for m at on s en t fr om Ams ter da m to ol d

fr i en d s at Wor k s op
l i i i ii i i
.

T he r e ar e a so n d c at on s t ha t H el wys in ad m n s ter n g b ap t s m
did n o t c on s i d er i t n e ce ssar y to a d h er e t o the p r ec s e i for m of
w or d s i b
s an c t on e d y t h e u s ag e of th e C atho c li C
hu r ch , an d

in s e r t e d at th e l M
c os e of S t . atthe w G pl ’
i n t h e n a m e of
s
”
os e

th e F ather an d o f S th e o n an d o t h e ol y
f H Gh
o st O f c our se .

he w ld ou n ot b w e a ar e of the fa c t , wi h i
h c h as s n ce b een d e m on
s tr a ted , th a t t h o s e w d w or s e r e an e a r y a l dd i i
t o n to the g os p e i n l
1
E ng l a n d a n d Holl a n d of t il e P i lg r i ms, p 4 56 . .

2 P l a i ne E v i den ces, p 3 1 5 .
.

1 64
 S mi th ,
Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
w oul d
w
a cce p ts the
w
b e baptized w i th ater b u t can n o t, he is

i l l for the d eed —2 Cor 8 , 1 .

w accepted ith God who

Th G e l B i
e n er a ap t s ts a i l ll w d l
g en erat on v
a ter a o e th e a tern ati e

f m “A b i i i f i ”
or s. InC r ef on f es s on or b
D ec l ar a t on o F a th , su

ib d i
s cr e b n i 1 6 60 y c e rt a n E ld e r s , D eac on s , an d B r e thr en m e t
at d
L on b im i
on
“ ap t s n t he n a me of F a th e r , S on a n d
t he
H l S i i i
,

o y i p h r t or n t e na me of th e L or d esu s JC hr s t
”
is
ji d S l m
en o n e
2
o a so a on g lii i
S om e r set
th e C a v n st c i
B a p t s ts of

i d dj l
.

sh r e a n a a c en t p ar t s n 1 6 56 i t w a s d ec a r e d t o b e th e d u ty O f
i
v m
e er
y a n a wm
n d o a n wh o h a s r e p e n te d f r o m d e a d o r k s a n d w
h as f i ha w dG d
t to ar o

“t o
b e b ap tized i n the n ame of ou r L ord
” —
e su s J or i n the
“
n am e o f the F a ther, S on an d H ol y S pi ri t Ar ti cl es 2 4 an d 2 6 in A
v
.

C on fessi on o f Fai th of se e ral c on gr egati on s of C hrist i n the coun ty of

S omer se t, Cr osby, 1 A pp en d ix , p 4 5
. . .

1 My stery of I ni én i ty , 1 6 1 2 , p 1 40
. .

G ran tham Ck r i st i an i srn n s P r i m itiv a s H p 67

’
2
s .
, . .

1 66
 C HA P T E R X I
LE T T E R OF H U GH AND AN N E B R O ME H E AD — O RD E R

OF S ER V I CE IN S MI T H S
’
CHUR CH AN D IN THE

CH U RCH AT P L Y MO UT H ,
N EW EN GLAN D

WE f tunat in having an ind p nd n t acc un t

ar e or e e e e o

o f t h g n al p c du
e ein th Chu ch f which J hn
er ro e re e r o o

Smi th was p ast t th s tag in i his t y d al t wi th or a e e ts or e

in h p ding chap
t e T his is t
re c e b f und in a t er . o e o

l tt f m Hugh and Ann B m h d t th i l ving

e er ro e ro e ea o e r o

c usin William H am t n t L nd n A tt n t i n was

o er o a o o . e o

call d t this d cum nt by h R J s ph Hun t and I

e o o e t e ev . o e er ,

am abl t c nfi m his c nj ctu that Hugh B m h d

e o o r o e re ro e ea

w as a cl gyman and b l ng d t th family f hat

er e o e o e o t
nam s l d N th Wh a l y in N ttinghamshi
e et t e at or e t e ,
o re .

T his is mad cl a f m t h will f his fa t h

e H n y
e r ro e o er , e r

B m h d
ro ye man eaf N t h W
,
h a t l y da
eot d o or e e ,
e

J anua y 6 58 8 r , 1 .

F m h p ambl t t his d cum n w can that

ro t e re e o o e t 1
e se e

H ugh B m h d fa h b l ng d t that s i us ’
ro e ea s t er e o e o er o ,

s ady g ing class f E nglishm n wi th a k n s ns f

te -
o o e ee e e o

du y which has d n much f his c unt y Am ngs t

t o e so or t o r . o

o th er e
“
b qu s s h l f 6 8 d t th p mans b x
e t e e t s . . o e o or e o e

O f N th Wh a l y and
or e
“ v y p h w h ld e t e
”
to e er ore o s o er
,

in N th Wh a l y and S u th Wh at l y vi d p
or e t e o e e . a e ce.
”

1
I n the D is tri ct P rob ate R egistry at York .

1 67
 S mi th H el wys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

B sid s b qu s ts t th f his child n th is th

e e e e o o er o re e re e

f ll wing
o o

I gi v e u n to H u g ho B romeh ead my s on all those my me s su age s,

bu il i w
d n gs , l an d s, me a d o s , tofts , c r ofts , e n c osu r e s , p a s tu r e s , th l wi
their a p p u r te n a n c es , i n B ol e i n th e cou n ty of N ott i n g ha m to hi m
an d i f v
hi s h e rs or e er .
”

“
T his will is wi tn ss d b y H ug B m h d l k e e o ro e ea C er e.
,

I t will b s n tha H ugh was c mf tabl y p vid d

e ee t o or ro e

f or, and hat his c nn c i n wi th B l and Wh a l y a

t o e t o o e e t e ,

f w mil s f m Gainsb
e e u gh h l d ad B awt y
ro oro on t e O ro to r ,

and Sc by p lac d him in a fav u abl p si i n t

roo ,
e o r e o t o o

c m in t uch wi th h s wh mad h b ld v n tu
o e o to t o e o e t e o e re

o f s t in g p Chu ch s in t h s p a s s p a a
e t u f m th r e o e rt e r te ro e

S ta Chu ch Th will f E dmund H l wy discl s d

te r . e o e s o e

s m lati nshi p b tw n h f mili s f H l wy and

o e re o e ee t e a e o e s

H am t n and w er o w ,
ha h H m t and e no s ee t t t e a er o n s

B m h d
ro ew c nn c d T s m x t n h
ea s ere o e te . o o e e e t t e

Chu ch s ga h d und Smi th and R bins n w

r e t er e er o o e re

family a ffai s r .

W h n n ws ach d W illiam Ham t n in L nd n

e e re e er o o o

f m his k insman Ni ch las that H ugh B m h d wi h

ro o ro e ea ,
t
o th s had mig a t d t Ams t dam and ad pt d
er ,
r e o er ,
o e

singula ligi us pini ns his in t s was a us d

r re o o o ,
ere t ro e .

H ew t a l tt dat d J uly
ro e which I assign
e e r, e

to th y a e 6 9 as k in w
e r
g h y t h y had 1g n t
0 , e o e o

A ms t dam u ging th m t
er t u n which h
,
r mad e o re r , ,
e e no

qu s i n w uld b pl asin g G d and a c mf

e t o ,
o e e to o o ort to
f i nds x p ssing th f a that c nc i d fanci s and
r e , e re e e r o e te e

sund y r s g th wi th s lf will d minds had l d

er r or , to e er e -
e ,
e

th m in t
e th s b y p a ths ; d si ing t k n w in wha t
o o e -
e r o o

1
v
B el o ed cosen we
B rom ehead s l etter
’
v .
j J recei ed a l ettre from you d ated x ii . of u l i e.

1 68
 Smi th ,
He l w ys an d Bap t is t Ori gi ns
F or the Ho y G host l i
P ag an A d H lsh . n the o y
in hea e n yv l wi
sd om f or ou r Gh i m
i n the S cr p tu r e s co
o st

i n s t r u c t i on c al l e th p er son s p are th u s t owthe id o r s t k n

a p o s tati n g fr o m t he tr u e c on of lliP ag an s ca ng p er son s

s ti tu ti on of the C hur c h , B ab y a p osta ti n g fr om the tr u e c on
l on ia n s , E gyp t a n s , S o d omite s ,i s ti tu ti on of th e C h u r c h B ab i

il
G e n t s , t her eb y te a c hin g u s he i
I on an s , E g i p ti an s , S od om te s , i
e s te e m e th n o o th er wi s e of th e i r i
& c , t e a c h n g u s the C h u r c h
i l
.

C h u r c h o r b ap t s m e t h a n o f of E n g a n d , th at H e e s tee meth

t he S yn a gogu e s o f B ab yl on , n o o th er wi
s e o f th e C h u r c h or

t h an of th e w i
a s h n g s of E gyp t , -
i
b ap t s m e than of th e S i n agog u e
than of the or s h p o f S o d o mw i i
of B ab l on , th a n of t h e a s h n gs w i
an d of the P a gan s —I bi d , . . of E gi p t , than f
o w ip
th e or sh

6
P 3 of S od o m Y our Ch f ur ch o

l b i i
.

C a n a n yth n g b e tr u e i n a i E n g an d t he r e or e f e n g of a n t

l
fa s e C hu r c h b u t the S c r p tu r e s i c hr s ts i c o n st i i i fl
tu t on s a a se

an d t he tr u thes c on teyn e d c hu r c h an d c an the re b e an y

th e r e i n ? -
I bicl p 58 . th i ng tr u e i n a fal s e chu r ch

i
.
, .

b ut S cr p tu res a n d
on l y t he
th e tr u th es th erein c on teyn e d ?
—Hu gh B ro me he a d s l etter,
’

H ar l MS . .
, 3 60 , f ol 7 1 . .

T he p assag qu t d is c ns cu tiv in B m h de o e o e e ro e ea
’
s

l will b s n hat h has lif d s n nc s t

e tte r, b u t it e ee t e te e te e ou

f h i c nn c i n f m Smi th s b k and p i c d h m
’
o t e r o e t o ro oo e e t e

to g h B m h d is m in s ing wh n h is
et er . ro e ea ore t ere t e e

m iginal Th c ncluding p a ag a phs f his l tt

ore o r . e o r r o e er

are valuabl b caus f th i p s nal n t and th

e e e o e r er o o e e

g aphic p ic tu th y g v f th d f s vic f ll w d
r re e i e o e or er o er e o o e

in Smi h s Chu ch t
’
r

lv Be io ed m d
cou s n , i s ay t he Bro eh e a s, con c ern n g your
re q f
u e st o f a ld v m
b o ok o go er n e n t ,
ou r p r e s en t s e tt e t he r e i s
n on e x e ta n t tho u gd vh t h e r e wb e i er s b o o k s r i tt e n b y o u r p a s t or

i
t ou c h gn tmh e i a t tv
e r s n wco n C
t r o f e r s y b e t e e n th e h u r c h o

E gn l a n d an d u s i
,
a n dd i ff
t o uc b w
h n g tdh e e r e n c e s e t ee n u s a n

the ot h e r c hur c he s here

w i d v m f
.

“T i
he or d er o t he or sh p a n go er n en t o our chur c h s
f
I W b i wi
. e e g n p th f a dr a e
y ,mr a t e rp r e a so e on e o r t w o c h a t e rs

1 70
 Or d er of S er vic e in S m i th s C hu r ch ’

o f h B ibl
t e iv h
e ; g e h
t fe s en se f t m er eo an d c on er u p on th e sa e

t h at d on e , l we id ay b as e ou r lm oo k s an d a ft er a so e n p r a y er

m d a e fi
b y t he r st s p ea ker m x
h e p r op ou n d e th s o e te t o u t of t h e
s c ri p tur e an d i r
p po h e s met h ou t o f th e s a e b y t h e s p a c e of on e

h our or q
thr ee f u a rt e r s Af o m an hou r . te r h i s ta n d e th up a

s e con d s p e a ke r a n d p i f i d x
rop he s e th ou t o li k i m th e sa t e t th e e t e

an d sp a c e , m im so m et m im
es Af
or e , m so et es l es s . ter h i , th e
th id r the four th , thefi im l iv l v
fth , & c as t he t e w il g e ea e . T h en
wi
,

h fi wi
, .

t e l
r s t s p e a k er c on c u d et h th p r aye r as h e b e ga n th p r aye r ,
wi th x i
an e hort at onib i to c on tr wi i
u t on t o th e p oor , h c h c oll e c t on
b i e ng m iad e l s l d d wi
a so c o n c u i m i e th p r aye r . Th s or n n g

x i
e er c s e i b eg i f
n s at e l gh t o i t he w lv c oc k an d c o n t n u e th u n to t e e

of th el c oc k . li T he x i ke b vd
c ou r s e of e er c s e is o s er e i n th e
a f ter n oon f m ro f l
two o th e l
c oc k u n to fiv e or s i x of the c ock . L ast

of a ll x i
the e e c u t on of v m t he g o i l
er n en t of t h e C hu r c h s h an d ed .

L v o ing i Ihv b i b
c ou s n a e y th f s ear e r s en t u n to you a b oo k o

h m i mi wi d ili l
,

t e f M
ak n g o r. S th , ou r p a s t o r . I sh you gen t y to
p er u se d an i l wi j d m
s er o u s y x mi h m
th u g en t to e a ne t e sa e , an d

if you r e q m
u e st a n y f i or e o m thwi s or an y o th e r ar g u en t r tt en b y
hi m i e f
th e r or f f
you r sel i or i i or m
you r fr en d s to s g n fy the sa e u n to

us b yyou rl d wil l (
e tter s , an willi )
we m the L or d ng p r ocu r e th e sa e

so tha t you fi dn f i lm a a w m m
thfu l
e s se n g er to ho we a y s a fe y
co mmi t the c arr i h ff a ge t v er e o , ivor we ha e h er e tofor e s en t d er s

b ooks i n to l d d
En g an v i d
an th ey h a p er sh e thr o u g h t he u n fa i the s
e

of t he i c a rr er m an d i ca h d e f n ot
p i n to th e an s o the ar t e s u n to
w m w
ho th ey ere s e n t .

i Y ou rs d ll imn the L or at a t es to u se ,

HU G HE AN D AN N E B R O ME H E AD .

S m t w n ty th y a s la w hav an qually
o e e -
ree e r t er e e e

g a phic acc un f a s vic in h Chu ch f th Pilg im

r o t o er e t e r o e r

Fath s t Ply m u h N w E ngland and it is

er a o t , e , no

e x t avagan claim t y tha h d f s vic h n

r t o sa t t e or er o er e t e

f ll w d sh ws signs f di c t d p nd nc u p n th
o o e o o re e e e e o e

f m and d v lv d in th Ch ch f J hn Smi th
or or er e o e e ur o o .

Th ccasi n was a visi t f G v n J hn Win th p

e o o o o er or o ro

and th R J hn Wils n p as t f B s n wi h h s
e ev . o o , or o o to , t ot er ,

t o th c l ny f Plym u th T h y w n t f t and
e o o o o . e e on oo ,

1 71
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins,

w c dially m t by h G v n f Ply m u th
e re or
“ e t e o er or o o ,

M William B adf d a v y disc t g av man wi t h

r . r or ,
er ree r e

M B ws t t h ld
r . re er , e e er .
”

O L d n th e h or
’
s mD ay t w hi h er e d id w as a s acr a en t c they
p a rt a k e
i d i n ;f an M n Wil i m
th e a d
ter n oo n r. R og e r l a s , ac c or in g
t o t he i m r c u s to
p d d q i , p ro wi h ou n e a u e s t on to h ch t e p a s tor ,
M [ l ] mi h
r Ra p h b i flS t M [ s p ok e ] Wi l m r e y, th e n r. Rog e r l ia s
id d w d G v
.

p r op h e s e , an a fter ar f l m s th e o er n or o P y ou th s p ok e to
h q f
t e u e s ti o n a ter i h m
the ld m m e f er , t h en so e t wo o r thr e e or e o

th e i T
c on g r e g a t o n . d i d h he n G v the f e l der es r e t e o e r n or o

M d M
a s s ac h u s e tt s Wil an p i wi
r. d d s on to s eak to t, h ch th e y i
i M F ll
.

W he n t h d d s d
was en e p th e e ac on , r. u er , ut th e c on g r e g a

ti on mi d f h i d
in n f o ib i t e r w hi h
u ty o c on t r u t on , u p on ch t e

G v w w h d ’
o d
e r n or ll an a th e r est d en t do n to t e e a con s se at , an

p uti bn to d hth e d
ag a n t e n r e tu r n e .
” 1

B m h d ro l tt als giv s vid nc that h was

e ea
’
s e er o e e e e e

w ll acq ain d wi th s m f th a li S pa a tis t

e u te o e o e e r er e r

li atu I t has t b n n t ic d that h mb di s

te r re . no ee o e e e o e

in his l tt th wh l f th ma k abl li ttl t ac t

e er e o e o e re r e e r ,

babl issu d as a l as 8 n t i t l d “ A B i f
p ro y y e 5 9 e r 1 ,
e e r e

Summ f th caus s f e o s p a ati n and f

e e o ou r e r o O our

p pu rs s ino e
p ac t ic T h d cla
r a t i n e. f S ”
p a a t is t e e r o o e r

p inci
r p l s giv n in et ha t b i f t eac t was wi hs t d b y t h r e r t oo e

Pu i ta G g Gi ff d f Mald n and d f nd d by
r n eo r e or ,
o e , e e e

H n y B
e r w I t had b n
a rr o e p
. in t d in 6 5 ee re r e 1 0 ,

p robabl y t A ms t dam a t t h ins t anc er f F ancis ,

a e e o r

J hns n and w uld b adily acc ssibl in h S pa a tist

o o ,
o e re e e t e e r

ci cl s in that ci ty B m h d in t duc s it in this

r e . ro e ea ro e

w ay

C o n c er n i ng t h e 4 p te you r e tter , her e n you s ee m to

of l w i
d es i re to k n o ww i her e n you r c hu r ch m ig ht b e r e for m e d , al thou g h
I kn o n ot er e w h i w n i
h er e to b eg n or h e r e to en d , the corr u p t o n s w i
ther eof b e s o ma n y an d s o in fii n te , ye t i n s om e m ea s u r e , to s at s fy i
1 Coll . Mass H i st . . S oc .
, v ol . x . ,
p . 2.

I 72
 N OT E B
We may comp are B ro mehe ad
’
s a cc o u n t of the or d er of s er vi ce

i
i n S m th s C hur c h
’
wi
th an a c cou n t g en a fe w ye ar s l ater b y iv
l
Ri c h a r d C i ft on of th e or d er fo l o ed in the C hu r ch to h ch he l w wi
an d J
o hn s on m n s ter ed ii
(I ) v
P raye r an d g i in g of thank s b y the p astor or teacher
T he S c ri ptu r es are r ead two or thr ee chapters , as ti me ser es, ith
.

v w
( 2)
x
a b r ief e p l an atio n of th ei r m ean i n g
T he pastor or teacher then tak es som e pas sage of scriptur e an d
,

x
e p ou n d s a n d e n fo r c es i t .

( 4 ) T he sacram en ts ar e ad min ister ed

( 5) S om e of the P sal m s of D a id a r e sun g by the hol e con g regation ,
b oth b efore an d after the e erci se of the Word x v .

w
.

( 6) C ol l ecti on i s then mad e, as each on e is abl e, for the su pport of the

fi
of cer s an d the p oor 1 .

T h o u g h B r o me he a d m a d e no me n t i on of th e m e n ts , w e
s ac r a

kn o w fr o m o th er s ou r c e s th at i t w a s the c u s to m i n S m th s i ’

l
C h u r c h t o h o d the c om m e mor a t e s e r v i c eflo f th e Lor d s S u p p er iv ’

on e a c h S u n d a y T h e a b sen c e of an y r e fe r en ce to s in g n g i n
. i
B r om e he a d s a ccou n t a n d th e sp e c al n ot ce g en t o i t b y C ifton
’
i i iv l
i ifi
i s s g n c an t i
I n S m th s C hu r c h a n d i n the G en era B ap t st
’
l i
ji i
.

C hu r c he s t ha t sp r a n g fr o m it , o n t s in g n g
“con
w a s r eg a r d e d
as a c ar n al for m a ty li w
d o n to c o p ar at e y r e cen t t me s m iv l i .

I f a n y m e mb er h a d a p s al m or hymn o f j oy h e ; was at l b erty to i

i i l i i
s n g i t , b u t c on g r e g a t on a s n g n g w a s n ot c o u n t e n an c e d B u t in
l l wi i w ifl l
.

J o h n s o n s C h u r c h , ar g e y o
’
n g to A n s or th s
’
n u e n ce , p sa m

i i
S n g n g b y th e w
hol e co n gr eg a ti on c a me i n to og u e T h e p sa ms v l
.

in an u n c ou th an d s tr a n g e t ra n s a t on
”
e r e l n e d o u t for th e l i w i
i
c o n g r eg a t on t o s n g i
L awn e i n hi s P r op h an e S c h s m of the i
wi i i v i
.

”
B r o n s ts , 1 6 1 2 , m a k es fun of th s p r ac t c e T h e er s o n .

p u bli s h e di wb y A ns o r t h i n 1 6 1 2 in hi s B oo k o f P s al m s

i db i
,

iv
,

”
E n gl s he oth n p r o s e a n d m etr e , is n ot a ttr a c t m b e in for , ut

we im
ow e d b f h a e t o g r at i tu d e f or hel p in g to i ji r e ta n c on o n t

i i dm i
s ng ng an el o d ou s h ar m on y a s a r ec ogn s e i df ea ture i n the
pu b li w ci p f C or s h o t he on gr ega t on a i lC hu rc he s .

’
A d ver ti semen t , [ Q uo ted in R obi n son
’
1
C l yft on s etc., 1612 . s
Wor ks , ii i , p . .

1 74
 C HA P TE R XI I

J OHN S MI T H AN D T HE ME N N O N I T E S THE

D O CT R I N E OF I N CA R N AT I O N — TH E Q U E S T I ON

OF S U C CE S S I O N
"
—D I V I S I O N B E T WE E N H E LWY S

A N D S MI T H

THE advanc f J hn Smi th t th c nvic i n that e o o o e o t o

t h Chu ch was f m d by ba p t ism and

e r t by a c v
or e ,
no o e

nan and ha ba p ism was nl y b adminis t d

t, t t t o to e ere to

adul ts p n t anconand p ref ssi n ef fai h a tt ac d e ro e o o t ,

r te
a tt n i n u tsid th li l ci cl f E nglish fug s t
e t o o e e tt e r e o re ee a

A ms t dam I b ugh t him in t cl s

er . uch wi h th
t ro o o er to t e

Du ch M nn ni s Und h i influ nc h was a

t e o te . er t e r e e t er e

g aci us d v l p m n t in his cha ac

r o e e o H w b gan
e r te r . e no e

to p ass f h a m s
o ut
p h f c
o n t v s
t y and
e t o e re o o ro er ,

a tt in d a la g m asu f that wisd m f m ab v

a e r e e re o o ro o e

which is p ac abl g n tl asy t b in at d full f

e e e, e e, e o e tre e ,
o

m cy and g d f ui s Sid by sid wi h his d v l p

er oo r t .
”
e e t t e e o

m n th w n
e t a g adual chang in his d c inal
er e e t on r e o tr
O
p ini ns l ading
o t his
, aband e nm t f h d c in s o o en o t e o tr e

o f p d s t ina i n and
re e l c i n F m a Calvinis t h
t o e e t o . ro e

b cam an A minian H v n tually ad p d vi ws

e e r . e e e o te e

c nc ning th p s n and w k f J sus and th

o er e er o or o e ,
e

re sp c iv valu s f h t w T s tam n ts which s p cially

e t e e o t e o e e ,
e

ma k d c tain s cti ns f M nn ni t s and A nabap ists

r e er e o o e o e t .

B t it is h chang in t h t n and t m p
u t e f his e e o e e er o

w i ting ath than y chang in d c t in that a s ts

r r er an e o r e rr e

I 7S
 S m i t h Helwys and B ap tis t Origins
,

our a tt n t i n t d y Th s pi i t f th man s ms
e o o- a . e r o e ee

al t d H w i t s as wh has is n ab v th dus t
e re . e r e on e o r e o e e

o f ligi us c n t n ti n in t a cl a and s n i
re o o e o o e rer ere er a r.

H has t las t laid h ld u p n th things tha t

e a ally o o e re

matt I t is th s p i i tual a pp h nsi n f th Ch is tian

er . e r re e o o e r

fai th and g s p l that is f im p tanc and t much

o e o or e, no so

it s x t nal f m Thus th l s t w i tings f Smi th

e er or . e a r o

b ath an unusual s pi i t f t l anc T h fac that

re e r o o er e . e t
h b gan t p ac t is
e e h
p y sic f a liv lih
o d p babl
r
y e or e oo ro

h l p d t W d n his u tl k H f und his nvi n

e e o i e o oo . e o e ro

m n t t A ms t dam m n tally s timu l ating and m v d

e a er e , o e on

sp dily in pini n t th b c k ning f t u th

ee O o a e e o o r .

L t us e nd av u t t a th lat s tag s in his

e e o r o r ce e er e

re ligi us d v l p m n t I th cl sing m nths f th

o e e o e . n e o o o e

y ae 6 9 h and his Chu ch a p p a t hav giv n ca

r 1 0 e r e r o e e re

ful c nsid at i n t s m f th p in ts in c n t v sy
o er o o o e o e o o ro er

b tw n th Calvinis ts and A minians Th x t n t f

e ee e r . e e e O

th d m ptiv w k f Ch is t and h f d m f man s

e re e e or o r t e re e o o
’

will w am ng th qu s ti ns discuss d Th u p sh t
er e o e e o e . e o

was that th y a iv d t c nclusi ns e th s p in t s

rr e a o o on e e o

div ging f m th p si ti n tak n p in th A nglican

er ro e o o e u e

A ticl s
r f R ligi n and a pp aching t h
e o A minian
e o ,
ro e r

s tand p in t Clift n cha g s Smi th wi th b ing t y t d

o . o r e e a n e

wi th th s f g n al d m pti n and f wil

e e rro r o e er re e o r ee .

E ls w hy e h “
x claims hath h giv n f th th s
”
e e e e or e e
, ,

P si t i ns
o o

Ch ist s d m pti n s t tch th t all m

1 . r
’
re e o re e o en .

Man hath t l st th facul ty f willing y g d

2 . no o e o an oo

t hing t ha t is sh w d him e e ,

“and wi t hal add d t h un t his as ns in d f nc e e re o re o e e e

th f ” 1
e re o .

1 w M
C l i fton s an s er to
’
r. S mythe s Epistl e to the Read er
’
i n The
P l ea f or I nf a n ts, 1 6 1 0

1 76
 Smi th H elwys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

t h G n al B a p tis t s f L nd n K n t and Suss x

e e er It o o o ,
e ,
e .

was an pini n cl s ly b und p wi th an x al t d vi w f

o o o e o u e e e o

Ch is t s d m ptiv w k and s p ang f m th f ling that

r
’
re e e or ,
r ro e ee

h c uld hav b n und

e o bligati n t human k ind
e ee er n o o o o

f or y p a t
an f his na t u I t was
r a b
o li f which g w re. e e re

ou t f th sam k ind f s n t im n t which gav

o e e is t th o e e e r e o e

d c t in f th V i gin bi th I was
o r e o e f t h fan t as t ic
r r . t on e o e

fl w s which bl ss m d
o er h t f Ch is t i n m y
o o e on t e re e o r a s

t i i m
c s T h ugh t his vi w a s f m a d si
. o gl ify e ro e ro e re to or

t h p s n f J sus and m v him f f m man s g ss ’

e er o o e re o e ar ro ro

n ss and f ail ty y t i t was usually h ld in c njunc ti n

e r , e e o o

wi h a b li f in th su p macy f G d th Fa th Th
t e e e re o o e e r. e

t m er T ini ty was j c t d as unsc i p t u al in th ci cl s

r re e e r r e r e

wh this pini n p vail d I t was acc un f this

ere O o re e . on o t o

b li f tha t h M nn ni t s w cha g d wi th d nying

e e t e e o e e re r e e

t h humani ty f Ch is
e o r t .

N w wh n J hn Smi t h
o , n unc d th bap ism f
e o re o e e t o

infan ts and main tain d th d ct in f adul t b ptism it e e o r e o a

was alm s t in vi tabl that h w uld b class d by th

o e e e o e e e

man in h s t t wi th th A nabaptis ts d cha g d

t e re e e ,
an r e

w i h h lding t h i
t o d ct inal p ini ns T hat is wha e r o r O o . t
ac tually happ n d and in h a ly p a t f 6 9 w find
e e ,
t e e r r o 1 0 e

him w i ting wi th v h m nc
r W d i l ym t h e e e e e sc a e e

s c mm nly b t m s l d ly im pu t d t
e rro r o o u o t s aun er ou s e vn o

H t k pai s t h sam im t t t his

” 1
e oo n a t e e t e o se ou

vi w c nc ning th fl sh f Ch is t t m v mis
e o er e e o r
”
o re o e

und s tandinger .

W d b li v e h sayso
“ t ha t Ch is t is h s
e e e, d f e r t e ee o
,

A b aham I saac and Jac b and f David acc ding t

r , o o or o

t h p p h ci s f th Sc i t u s and t ha t h is t h
e ro e e o S e r re e e on
p ,

o f Ma y his M th r mad f h subs tanc th H lyo e r, e o er e, e o

f
1
i R d v
Char acter o the B east , E p stl e to ea er , p . .

1 78
 T he
I nca r nat i o n of Ch r is t
Gh s t v shad wing h S hav h child n h i
o o er o er . o e ot er re t e r

b dily subs anc f m h i p a n s A ls ha Ch is

o t e ro t e r re t . o t t r t
is p s n in tw dis tinc na u s h G dh ad and
on e er o — o t t re t e o e

manh d and w d s h c n a y
oo ,
s e ete t t e o tr r e r r or .
” 1

T ha s unds li k t h d x d ct in B h qu s i n
o e ort o o o r e . ut t e e t o

was w h f n f discussi n in Smi h s Chu ch

no to t e ro t or o t
’
r .

I f h y had a iv d
t e a c nclusi n ab u t ba p ism
rr e at o o o t

simila t ha which h M nn ni s had ach d was

r o t t t e e o te re e ,

i t p ssibl
n ot ha a cao ful x amina
e t i n
t f ht qu s re e o o ot er e

t i ns in th ligh f h N w T s am n w uld sh w
o e t o t e e e t e t o o

t ha h M nn ni s w igh t
t t e e h s als ? H w
o te e re r on t o e o o

did ma t s s and wi h ga d t h d c in f h
t er t t re r o t e o tr e o t e

I nca na i n f r L d ?t o Wh n Smi h cam

o our l k or e t e to oo

i n to his qu s i n h m difi d his p ini n and d w m

t e t o e o e O o re or e

cl s l y h M nn ni s S m in his c m p any w n t
o e to t e e o te . o e o e

fa h and fas in h h tical di c i n u p n his

rt er te r t e e re re t o o t

p a icula
rt p in han h did
r whil
o h t t s h ld fi ml y e ,
e ot er e r to

t h i ld fai h This was mad a g und f s p a a i n

e r o t . e ro o e r t o

in his c m pany A a l y as 6 Clif n was abl

o . s e r 1 10 to e to

wi r te

i T o u ch f ng thei fC i w i l e rr or o the I n carn at on o hr s t, h ch a so

M rm yth d
S ei [ i b
s r e th i n h s oo k ] m i m of 1 6 09 ay n ot be p u t e d
wl w i m l
.

u n to th em ; it is m
e l k n o n th a t a n y of th e p an y h o d in g
r co

th a t err or a b ou t i m
th e I n c a r n a t on ar e s e ar a te d fr o
p t h e r est

im l ( m m
.

A nd M Sm r. yth h m v se f
) as so e a on g th e ha e r e p o r te d

m a k e thq i a fi m
u e s t on C i m
ab o u t t he rst a tter of hr st s
’
hu an

if
n atu r e , a s w i it i er e li v f
n ot a p o n t o f fa th t o b e e e it w as o th e
Vi i r g n , t h o u gh b li v d i t b e to b e d m e e e th at the s e c on atter wa s
n ou r sh ed
i wm i n h er o b .
” 2

T ha t was h im p ssi n which Smi h s aching t his

’
t e re o t te on

p oin mad utp n T h mas He l w y w h o w b k wi h o e s, o no ro e t

1
Cha r acter of the B east , E pis tl e to Read er , 1
“
z
l l i fton s The P l ea , 1 6 1 0
fl
’
An s wer to S mythe s Epis tl e
’
. to the
R a er

I 79
 Smi t h ,
Hel w ys
and B ap t is t Origins
his ld l ad o H l wy w i t ing in 6
e er . t d wn s m
e s, r 1 11 , se o o e

o f th s in t which h th ugh t his p as t had fall n

e e rr o r o e o or e .

H p t h cha g agains t Smi h in this w y

e u t e r e t a .

C R
T h at H fi m
I ST f l b
c o n c e r n in g t he rst a tte r o hi s F e s h, e

a ffi m r ll
ed , S i
tha t w a v the cr d f
p tu r e s o u l d n ot p r o e th a t h e h a it o

t he i M i b
v r g in e i dm ar e, wi ut id h s s ec on atter h ch he sa w a s hi s
i m
n ou r s h S i
en t vd
tha t th e f M i cr p tu r e s p r o e he ha d o ar e , th u s
m i C R
ak n g v H mIST f i to h a e tw o a tter s o h s Fl e s h .
” 1

H a pp il y w hav Smi h s w c nclusi n u p n t h

e e t
’
o n o o o e

matt which s ms as nabl n ugh as h t i t

er, ee re o e e o e se

d wn H is answ ing h cha g jus t giv n

o . e er t e r e e

ffi m
I a ri Ch i ed i d l h i
c on c e r n n g r st th a t h s se c on F e sh , t at s

hi s i m h d f m
n our s h m
en t , de ha ro hi s o the r , an t h a t t he
S i crp tu r es li f i b ar e i h fi m
p a n or t ; f
u t c on c ern ng t e r st a t ter o

C i l hw i id m l
’
hr s t s F es h
he n c e t w a s, I s a t hu s u ch : T a t, a t ho u g h
I y i ld i b
e t to h h d i
e a f i m
tr u th i n n a tu r e t ha t e a t o h s oth er

M a r y, d m
ye t I i i ff i
ar e n o t akeif t s u c h an a r t cl e o a th as th at an y

m anwi l l n ot i f f
c on s en t u n to b d t I s hal l th er e or e r e u se r ot h er h oo

w i im d
th h : S i an d th at t h e
d ( cr p t u r es o n ot l ea us as far as I
iv )
c on c e e i f
to the i w i
s ear c h n g o l th at p o n t, her eof C hr st s
’
n a tur a

fl es h m d was b a ld e i C ut ii l
t ha t w e s h ou s ea r c h n to hr i s t
’
s sp r tu a
fl h b m d fl f hi fl
es to e a d b
e e sh of i i
t ha t s e s h an on e o h s b on e n

mm i d f l w hi p f ii ” 2
th e co u n on a n m el o s o t he sa e sp r t .

I acc danc wi h that vi w w hav a m

n or e t e e e o re

b c ming ic c in h C f ssi n f Fai th

e o
“
re t en e f
t e on e o o
”
on e o
,

th las t w k s f Smi h which was p ublish d by h

e or o t ,
e t e

re maind f his c m p any aft his d a th Th h

er o o er e . e re e
“
says th w d b cam fl sh w nd fully by th p w
e or e e e o er e o er
,

f G d in t h w mb f h V i gin Ma y
” 2
o o e o o t e r r .

A c nsid abl div si y f p ini n c n t inu d am ngs t

o er e er t o o o o e o

A D ecl a r a t i on of F a i th, 1 6 1 1
1
S ig B
J
. . .

2
Las t b ook of ohn S mi th, 1 6 1 2
3 In i t i on 3 1 , Co / f
fi ss i on o F a i t h, b u t the form here gi en i s

g
.

v
p p r o os
simpl er than th e o rigi n al raft as foun d i n MS i n the ar chi es of the
v . v
Men n on i te Church at A msterd am S ee E an s, B aptists , i , 2 6 1 . . .

1 80
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

M nn ni t Chu ch c nvinc d him that h was a t u

e o e r o e e re r e

Chu ch al ady in b ing Th s m f c i icism hat

r re e . e to r o r t t
his t f s lf bap tism a us d mad him wav and
ac o e -
ro e e e r,

f c d u p n his a tt n ti n s m c ns qu nc s which had

or e o e o o e o e e e

no t ccu d t him b f
o rr eA h was a t u o e o re . s t e re r e

Chu ch in x is t nc t h tim wh n h a iv d t a
r e e e a t e e e e rr e a

c nvic ti n f t h u th Smi th c nclud d ha t h and his

o o o e tr ,
o e t e

o
“
c m pany had ac t d dis d ly in assuming bap tism e or er
”

f
or t h ms lv s eTh igh t c u s f th m hav
e e . e r o r e or e to e

t a k n w uld hav b
e n t s k ba ptism f m th s wh
o e ee o ee ro o e o

had al ad y c v d that dinanc A d w tha t

re re o e re or e . n no

t h y had f und a t u C hu ch t h y ugh t t

e o t ac hi r e r e o o re r e t e r

s p s and f th sa k f d n t in t f ll wshi p
te ,
or e e o or er e er o e o

wi h this w f und Chu ch and c iv th dinanc s

t ne -
o r re e e e or e

a t th hands f h
e
“ ld s o er e er .

T his was t h p in t in w hich H l wy s t ngl y dis

e o e s ro

ag d w i h Smi th and th main g und u p n which b

re e t ,
e ro o e

s p a a t d f m him and n unc d him H l wy was

e r e ro re o e . e s

sus pici us f y advanc s t wa ds th Du ch H f l t

o o an e o r e t . e e

t ha t h and his f i nds had jus t

e c v d th t u th and r e re o ere e r ,

set h ms lv s in t u Chu ch d by assuming bap tism

t e e e r e r or er ,

and hat it was f lly th p t f his l d l ad

t o on e ar o O e er to

t p pl t h wh l
o e dific v again T h y had a ttai d
e o e e e o er . e ne

a p si t n in which h f
o io was c n t n t t s tay I t e or on e o e o .

w uld nda g th i lib ty and b ing th m again und

o e n er e r er r e er

a y k f b ndag if th y had t s k ba ptism and

o e o o e e o ee

or dina ti n t th hands f u tsid s H th ugh t th

o a e o o er . e o e

N w T s t am n t gav t h m am p l wa an f
e e e th c u s e e e rr t or e o r e

t h y had t a k n in ba p t izing t h ms lv s
e eWas th e e e . e re

no t th x am pl f J hn h B a ptist ? Was th
e e t
e o o t e er e no

th e g n al c mmand t all Ch ist s f ll w s t

e er o o r
’
o o er o

mak disci p l s and bap iz th m ? Th M nn ni t s

e e t e e e e o e

1 82
 Validi ty S m i t h s B a p tis m f
’
o

th ms lv s had
e e c tain k n wl dg as t w h am ngst
e no er o e e o o o

t h i fa t h s
e r viv d t h p ac tic f adul t bapt ism Why
er re e e r e o .

was t th bap ism viv d am ngs t t his c m pan y f

no e t re e o o o

h n s t E nglishm n as valid as that assum d by Swiss

o e e e

and Fl mish and F isian A nabaptis ts ? Th was p in t

e r er e o

in his a gum n t f H l wy b t in s p i t f his v h m n t

t r e o e s, u eo e e e

p t
ro e s t J hn Smi t hoand t h maj i ty f his c m pany f ll e or O o e

m and m und th influ nc f th Du tch

o re ore er e e e o e

M nn ni t s and t l ng th many f th m n unc d th

e o e ,
a e o e re o e e

bap tism th y had assum d f th ms lv s and a p pli d

e e or e e e e

for admissi n t th w F isian M nn ni t Chu ch t

o o e ne r e o e r a

A ms dam und th p as t al ca f Hans d R i s

t er er e or re o e e

and R yni Wyb t e er O f t h s t w l ad s H l wy

r an so n . e e o e er e s

says Y cam p bl iq ly am ngst us and advanc d

,
ou e u ue o e

y ou r f Succ
e r ro r ssi n and
o d and hav
e o or er e

d s t y d th fai th f mani
e ro e e H als f s t o e.
” 1
e o re e r o

ins t uc ti n that th y gav p ivat l y T his ins t uc ti n

r o e e r e . r o

was giv n wi th ff c t f H l wy w t d wn am ngs t

e e e ,
or e s no se o o

th e e r r ors f Smi th his w pini n

o ne o o

T h a t th e
C h Mi i m hu r cm by S i
an d n str y u st c o e u cc ess on ,

c on t r ar y hi f m to f i i w d d wii A d
s or er p r o e s s on n or s an r t ng . n

tha t b y p da su i h
p os e h w f m w m
s u c ce s s on e c an n ot s e ro ho n or

w h en wn or h er e .
” 2

H l wy ind d f l t
e s s t ngly u p n this p in t that
ee e so ro o o

h e and a small handful wh adh d t him s till o ere o ,

re ga ding th ms lv s as a t u and igh tly c nst i tu t d

r e e e r e r o e

r
“
Chu ch f mally cas t t Smi th and his ass ciat s as
or ou o e
,

t h s w h had d p a t d f m th
o e o t u the T h ugh t h y
r e ro e r . o e

w e re f w and w a k H l wy and his f i nds c uld

so e e ,
e s r e o

r igh tly ga d h ms lv s as p s n ting th Chu ch

re r t e e e re re e e r

1
A dv er t i sem en t to the N ew F ry eser s , p i . . 161 1.
2
D ecl ar at i on of F a i th S ig B 2 , 1 6 1 1 . . .

1 83
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

tha t Smi t h had t p f Smi t h and his c m p ani

se ns u ,
or o o

had v lun ta ily n unc d t h i s t anding and m mb

o r re o e e r e er

shi p i that s ci ty Clift n f s t th s unhappy

n o e . o re e r o e e

divisi ns wh n h says
o e e

M Sm h r. d div wi h im
yt x mm i f
an er s t h ar e e co u n c at e or

h ld i
o ( i ng b
as m t is w f m) h
r e p or te d i y so e th a t er e o th e t at the r

n ew w d m i i a s he C co
p an d e s n o tr u e hur c h, an th at th er e cann ot

b i e C
n a d mi i i fb p i m d
hu r c h th e a di n s tr at on o a t s an oth er or n an c es

of C i wi hr ffi st i hi f m
th ou t jdm o c er s , c o n tra r e to s or er u g en t

i dwii
p r ac t c e an r t n gs .
” 1

T such a l w c ndi t i n had this fi s t E nglish Chu ch

o o o o r r

of B a p t iz d B li v s b n e duc d in 6 tha t Clift n

e e er ee re e 1 10 o

c uld w i t
o r e

O f hi b i d m i h
t s n ew m i
ap t se i i co u n on t er e ar e r e ayn n g , as t s

rep b v
o r te d , n ot a
” 2
ll h o e 10 i t f th p er son s a t e r est ar e r u n n e n o ur er

er r o r s .

his li tl Chu ch had such v it ali ty ha t it was

Y et t t e r t
d st in d t h v many y a s f lif and x t a wid
e e o a e e r o e e er e

influ nc in h h m land Thus by th s p ing f h

e e t e o e . e r o t e

y ae 6 r t h 1 cam t
10b h g u p s f
er e E nglish e o e t ree ro o

A naba p t is t s in A ms dam T h la g s t was mad p ter . e r e e u

of h s w h adh
t o e d Smi th b tw n f ty and fifty
o e re to , e ee or

in numb wh w s king a ffi lia i n wi th th

e r, o er e ee t o e

M nn ni s n x t th w th s wh had s pa at d
e o te ; e e re e re o e o e r e

on h g und f h i s p cial b li f ab u t th I nca na i n

t e ro o t e r e e e o e r t o ,

and las ly th was h g u p und th l ad shi p f

, t , er e t e ro er e e er o

T h mas H l wy and J hn Mu t n wh manfull y main

o e s o r o , o

tai d h ne igh f y b d y f p pl a us d h
t e r t o an o o eo e ro e to t e

Ch is ian lif b h bap iz and

r t e dain minis t sot to t e to or er

and ffic s f t h ms lv s Th w als ligi us

o er or e e e . er e ere o re o

Cl i fton s P l ea , 1 6 10 , E p istl e to Reader

’
1
.

2
I bi d , m arg in
. .

1 84
 C H A P TE R X I I I
N E G O T I ATI O N S F O R A D MI S S I O N TO THE ME N N O N I T E
C H U RC H

THEn g iati ns h pa t f J hn Smi h and his

e ot o on t e r o o t
f i nds f admissi n m mb shi p in h M nn ni
r e or o to e er t e e o te
Chu ch w p l ng d f b y nd h i x p c a ti n
r e re ro o e ar e o t e r e e t o .

Th Du ch ac d wi h x a dina y d lib a i n
e t te N t e tr or r e er t o . O

d ub t h w s v al in h i A ms t dam Chu ch
o t e re ere e er t e r er r

wh w o ady mak h w y asy f h admissi n

e re r e to e t e a e or t e o

o f h E nglish b t all w
t e t f his mind, O bj c i ns
u er e n o o t . e t o

had b m Qu s i ns as fai h and p ac ic had

to e et . e t o to t r t e

to b c nsid
e d K ind d Chu ch s had b
o ere . re r e to e con

su l d te T h ma. b gan d ag Th c u s which

e t te r e to r . e o r e

t h s p c dings t k is illus a t d by a ma k abl

e e r o ee oo tr e re r e

s i s f d cum n ts p s v d in h a chiv s f h
er e o o e re e r e t e r e o t e

M nn ni Chu ch A ms dam c pi s f which w

e o te r at ter ,
o e o e re

su pp li d by P f ss M ull t D B E vans and

e ro e or er o r. .
,

p in
r d bte
y him in his his y f h a l y E nglish to r o t e e r

B a p is s Th is h u ts h unda d ack n w
t t . e re at t e o et t e te o

l dg m n t in La tin f h i
e e e in b pt mg h ms lv s o t e r e r r or a iz t e e e

in which th y x p ss h i d si t j in th e e re t e r e re o o e t ru e
Chu ch r .

m
T he f li wl i hi
th e E n g sh wh o a c k n o e d ge th s t e r er r or
na es o

a n d r e en t o f i t , v iz , t h a t t h e
p y b
to o k ii n h m
a n d t o a p t z e th e

v i w C i
.

s el es c o n tr a r
y t o t h e or d er l a d d o n b y w h r s t an d w h o n o

i
,

des rem to f m co e ]
h e n ce ro t he s ta te o f err or to the tr u e
C hu rc h
f i p il o b d
C hr st as s eed y as it c an e on e.

1 86
 N e g o tiat i o ns wit h t he M e nn oni te s
N am es of Me n N a mes of Wome n
Hu g o B r o m e h e a d An n B r ome h e a d
J ar v a s e N e il vl J
an e S ou th or th w
J ohn S myth Mar y S myth
T h oma s C a n a d yn e J o an H a ton l
Ed w ar d Ha k wi ns i
Al s Ar n fie l d
J H ar d e
o hn i ll
I s a b e T ho m s o n
T ho m a s P ygott Mar g a r e t S t a e vl ey

F r an c i s P yg ott Mar y G r n d a i l
Rob e rt S ta vl e ey Mother P ygott
A lx e m
an d e r Fl e i n ge l
A i s P yg ott
A lx e H d ki
an d er o g ns Mar g ar et P yg o tt
J i l
oh n Gr n da B etter i s D c k n son i i
So lm o m on T ho son Mar y D i i
c k n s on

Sa m l H l ue a ton l
E l yn P a yn ter
T hom l i as Do ph n li
A s P ar son s
J oa n e B r ggs i
J an e O r gan

We u n an im l ou s
”
y d e s i re th i l i
s r e s o u t on of ou r s to b e s i ifi d
gn e

to t he C h u r c h .

T he M nn ni t Chu ch was t a c nf ssi nal

e o e r no o e o

Chu ch and had au h i tativ s tanda d f b li f b

r no t or e r o e e , ut

t his a pplica i n th p a f Smi h and his f i nds l d

t o on e rt o t r e e

t o h d awing
t e p f a C
r nf ssi n f Fai h which
u was o o e o o t

f orman y y a s acc p d as a g n al s a m n t f h
e r e te e er t te e o t e

o p ini ns p oval n am ng t h M
re nn ni t s e T h
t o e e o e . e re

w uld b a d s i
o b th sid s t k n w an th s
e e re o n o e o o on e o er
’

re ligi us vi ws I t was a p i d in which th p in s in

o e . er o e o t
dis pu b t w n Calvinis ts and A minians w cl s l y
te e ee r er e o e

discuss d and in this v y y a f 6 h A minian

e ,
er e r o 1 10 t e r

c d was f mula d in th c l b a d Fiv A icl s

ree or te e e e r te e rt e

p s
re en d as a R mtens anc t t h p s n a t ives o tr e o e re re e t e

o f H lland and W s F i sland

o T h f aming f e t r e . e r o c on

f ssi ns f fai t h was h fashi n f h tim J hn

e o o t e o o t e e . o

1 87
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

Smi h d w p a t s s tat m nt in Latin s tt ing f th

t re u er e e e
1
e or

his b li f in w n ty a ticl s I tak this as his w

e e t e r e . e o n

p s
er o nal c n f ssi n as
o i t is ign
e d b y him
o al n ,T h S e o e . e

p as t or s ld s f
or eh W t land
er M nn ni
o Chu cht e a er er e o te r ,

H ns d R i s and L ubb t G
a e e itt f th i p a t d w er err s, or e r r re

u p a f m l b a t s ta m n t f fai th x nding t
ar ore e a or e te e o ,
e te o

t hi y igh t a t icl s
rt -
e d t sh w h E nglish A
r e ,
I n or er o o t e na

ba p is ts th i d ct inal p si ti n and wi h a vi w t
t e r o r o o , t e o

s c ing h ass n t f Smi th and his f i nds A

e ur t e e o r e .

manusc i p t c py in th a chiv s f h M nn ni t
r o e r e o t e e o e

C ll g t A ms t dam was subsc ib d in th f ll win g

o e e a er r e e o o

g n al t ms by f ty tw E nglish m and w m n
e er er or -
o en o e

h ad d by J hn Smyth and Hugh B m h d W

e e o
“ ro e ea : e

subsc ib t th t u h f th s a ticl s d si ing fu th

r e o e r t o e e r e ,
e r r er

inf mati n Th latt claus is cha ac t is tic f th

or o . e er e r er o e

m mb s f Smi th s Chu ch E v n w wh n
e er o
’
r . e no ,
e c on

i
v n ce d t h y had f und a t u Chu ch t h y w
e o t r e r , e ere no

p p re a d
re t bind t h ms olv s d wn t finali ty e e e o o .

I p lac t h signing f t his C nf ssi n t a la t

e e da t o o e o a er e

t han has hi th t b n giv n My as n f this is

er o ee e . re o or

b caus th nam f D thy T h ms n is f und am n g

e e e e o o ro o o o o

t h signa t u s
e N w t h ma iag
re . f S l m n Th m
o ,
e rr e o o o o o

s on t oD thy S t u t h is c d d as t ak ing plac t

oro r re o r e e a

A ms t dam er Jul y 4 6 A J hn Smi th wh

on 1 ,
1 12 . s o ,
o

di d in A ugust 6 app a s am ng h signat i s it

e ,
1 12, e r o t e or e ,

is cl a ha th d cum n t mus t hav b n sign d by

e r t t e o e e ee e

hims lf and his f ll w s t s m t im du ing th las t

e o o er a o e e r e

f w w k s f his lif b t w n Jul y 4 and t h

e ee o d f e, e ee 1 e en o

A ugus t assuming t ha all th signa tu s w

,
app nd d t e re ere e e

at t h sam t im
e T his ac t i n was p babl y p m p t d
e e . o ro ro e

by a d si t facili at a s p d y uni n wi th th
e re o t e ee o e

x 1
S ee Appen di to this chapter.
 S m i th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

H l wy a vindica t i n f th p si t i n assum d b y t h
e s, o o e o o e e

E nglish B a p is t s it is w t h whil s t i g i t
t , t in f ll
or e et n ou u

l
B e ov ed i h n t pp v d
e L or d , Y our d ili f i
a ro e c ar e , ge n c e an d a th
f u l n e ss i v mthe ad d b i
en t o f Go h ol y tr u th , the g o od
’
n an ce s e ng

e x i ( G db v
p e r e n c e to o ) w l e w
gi en m
th e g l o r y e l kn o n u n to u s , a ke s

h
u s t a t we c a n d l wi o no b es s t han , th o ur es t h op e s h op e tha t
d ( i w i i di i
,

t h r ou gh h t ef gr a ce d
o Go h s ) or d a n Sp r t r ec t n g you w e
s h la l fin
d il A
yo u s o stf l wi m nd d
ther e or e we ar e th u c h gl a n es s

d w l i i d p wi i
.

an i l n gn e ss s t rr e u te t o you , p r ay
to r ng you , a s y u
o

lv h
o e t e L or d an d w ll wi
hi s l d
tr u th , tha t you i t ak e se c ou n s e an

th a t f m ro d W d Go
’
d
s or i b w ix
h ow you eal i n t h s c a u s e et t u s an d

t hos e w ho j ar e i i m
u s tl y for th e r s n s c a s t o u t fr o
A d u s. n t he
w h ol e cau se q in b i u e s ti on
(f i i i d d
e n g S u cc es s i o n or s o t d s n ee an

i tr u th) c on s id er , h i A i
w e b e se e c i if yo u how i t ch e
’
n s n t c hr s t s

h ld
,

o , dan i J wi
t ha t d t ism i e ds h an f c er e on al , an or in a n c e o th e
Ol d T e sta m b e n t, f u t n ot o m l b w l
th e N e w . F u r th er or e , et it e el

c on s id d er e i tha t th i w i hi s S u c ce ss
d d p i on , h c s f ou n e u on ne th er
the t im e s, p er s on , [ ] b
n or v p l ac e , m c an n ot e p ro ed to an y an s
’

i
c on s c en c e an d i so , he r ed f n, we s h ou l d g r o u n ou r a i th we c a n n ot

t el l u p onw m w ho w n or W b hen n or her e e ese e c h you c o n s i d er

vi l f
.

h o w c an f we o f a i th f or s a k e th e e d e n t ig h t o G od
’
s tr u th to
wl a k in h d
su c ar k n e s s

A ndhi i t w
s b
s W d f
o ur y t he o r ar r a n t
o tr u th i f m
F r s t r o

im J h b i i dp h d h b i m f
, .

b ap t s o n B ap t i s tbe n g u n apt ze r ea c e t e apt s o

b i v i h
.

r ep en t a n c e a n d t h e y tha t el e e d a n
d f d h
c on e s se t e ir s n s e

b i d A d w v r ll b i d b
a p t ze . n h os oe e s ha m n ow e s t rr e up y t h e sa e

S i p rit h
to p r ea c m W d dm
t he sa b b ie orv d an en th e r e y e n g c on e r te

di x m w h m wi h w
, ,

m a y, ac c or J ng to o hn hi s ep l e , as
ad a t er an w hot he t
can f bi d or A d n m we f l i
p r a y, t h at w e a y s p ea k r e e y h er e n , h o w

d ar e an y m m an or h l m lv
en mi
c a l en g e u n to t he se es a pr e e n en ce -

h er e i n , as h i i fG d
thou gh t e i h i h
Sp r t o o wa s on l y n t e r e ar ts a n d the
W d fG dor o o l b f d im
n o w on y to de i
e t c he at t he r o u th s a n th e or d n

a n c es of d l b d m i d—x
Go on y t o e ha w fr o the r ha n s e c ep t t he y er e

ap os t e sl H h d ? at h t i hi i hi W d
e L or th u s r e s tr a n e d s S p ir t , s or

an d O di r m
n an c e s a s i l m d v m to ake p art c u ar en l or s o er t he or t he
k eep er s f m
o t he f bi d ! ? i i G od orh li b Th s s c o n tr ar y to t e e r ty

o f the G l w hi h i f
os p e , ll m c l s i m d ll
ree f or a en at a l t es an in a

lp ac e s : ye a S viso ou r C i h i —w
a ou r v hr st d ot te st fy h er e s oe er ,

w v d wh v w
h osoe er an en s oe g h erd g t h o or thr e e ar e at ere to et er

1 90
 L et t e r o f H e l w ys and his F r i ends
i n hi s n am e ther e i s he in the m d s t of them i
An d th u s mu ch i n .

i i lv v i i
al l C hr s t an o e w e d o a d er t z e you , t h a t t h s g r o u n d o f tr u t h

il i i
i s an d w l b e m a n tai n e d a g a n s t al l the w l
or d a n d t h a t b y t h e

g r e a t a d ev i
r s ar es o f o ur fa t h i i
n di e r s o t hve r m a n p o i i
n t s [ t he

i i w
S ep ar a t s ts u n d er Rob n son an d o the r B r o n i s ts ar e p r ob ab y l
m e an t] who w ll l d v i be g a v
to ha e su ch i an ad a n t a g e ag a n s t yo u

if you s h a l li h l p ub s i or i p r a c t s ei i
an y th n gs aga n s t th s g r oun d in
the x viii f M w d o a tthe an f C i l
th e p r o fe s s or s o hr st s h a l s u s tai n

l
.
,

m u c h r ep r oa c h b d y i t ; a n the r e for e w e e a rn e s t y e n tr e a t o
y u,
e v en lv f i
b y th e o e o i i
C hr st th at s w il w ll
n you , th a t you l be e

ad vi d w
se ha t you d o i n the s e t h n gs i
q i — l m di l
.

A d n f
n ow or the other u e s t on that e d e r s u s t or a n e d er s .

I f th i s l
b e a tr ue p erp e tu a r u l e , then fr o m w m
ho ld i i s you r e p e r sh

co m e d An if on emi c hu r ch i h
g t l
on c e o r d a n th en w hy n o t a l
c hu r c h es a lw a ys ? mi
O h, t h a t w e g h t b e t h o w
u g h t or thy to b e

an s w d er e i
i n t hese dvi
th n g s or that t h e p oor a f ce o so fe w , so

s im l p e an d w mi so e ak v il wi gh t p r e a l
th you to c au se yo u t o o o k
i m
c rcu s p e c tl y
to your w i a ys in th e s e th n g s I Th e L or d , tha t
kn o w l e th al h e ar t s kn o w w e th o u r s i to ar d s you h er e n th a t w e d o
d i
,

es r e m
t ha t t h e r e ay f
b e f ou n d i no w ay o er r or n you b u t th a t
you an d mi
we wl h
g t l a k w
u p r ig h t y i n th e i a ys of G od , c a st n g

u l w
tter y a a y a ll i
th e tr a di tm i
on s o f en , a n d th s we ar e p er s u a d ed

is yo u r u n fe i d gn e l d es i r e lfila so . N ow f u i i o ur p e r s u a s o n he r e n

an d tr y you r s tan din g

i i th e s e p o n t s
n h anm d r e sp e ct n o t ow an y

ho ld th e se th i wi n gs f m w
th yo u b u t r e sp e c t d f ro h a t g r ou n s o tr u t h

you
“
ho l d m th e .

T h u s b es ee ch i t o p er s u a e your he ar ts tha t you r

dng th e L ord
han d m
s i
a y n ot b e a g a n s t h i s tr u th a n d a g a n s t u s , th e L o r d s
i
’

un w w
o r t hy l v mm i
i tn e s s es , w e t a k e e a e c o en d n g you t o t h e gr a c i ou s

m
p r ot e ct on o f t he Al i g h ty an
i l i
to t h e b e s s e d d r e c ti on o f h i s
d
W or d a n d S
p r t ,ii b
e s e e c h n g tih e L o r d t o d o b yy o u a c c o r d n g t o i
lv v w
the gr ea t o e a n d ki n d n es s th at you ha e s h o n u n to u s G ra c e .

an d p e a c e wi be Am
th you . b en . C i
Y ou r r e th r e n in hr st,

H T HO . E L W YS

RD M
.

AM S TE A W M I LLI A PI GG OTT.

this f M
1 2 th o a r ch 1 6 1 0 . MR T HO S . S EA E .

J MUR O HN TO N .
”

P S —W
. . v wi e ha e ir tte n to you b n o ur ow n to n gu e e c au s e we
ar e n ot bl a x e to e mip r e s s ou r nds d in i an y other an s ee n g yo u

ha v i
e an A d w
n ter p r e ter . v b m n e haivd ie een u ch gr e e s n ce o u r

1 91
 Smi th ,
Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igi ns
l a s t c on fe r en c e wi h
you , b e c a u se w e d
t i d h h fG d s h on ou r e t e tr u t o o

m u c h f or w a n t of s p eec h i n th at w e w bl e r e n ot a e to u tte r t ha t
p oor m e a s u r e
”
of kn o wl ed ge w i G d f hi
h ch h iv o o s gr ac e a th g en

u s.

d s app a ha h l ad s f th A ms t dam
It oe n ot e r t t t e e er o e er

M nn ni s k much n ic f his p s I nd d
e o te to o ot e o t rote t . ee ,

in add ssing H ans d R i s and R yni Wyb

re e e e er ran t so n

and th i c ng ga ti ns in 6 H l wy was c ns ain d

e r o re o 1 1I ,
e s o tr e

to sa
y

We 1
ha v wie r tte n p r iv l a te y t o t h e w l ho e c on gr eg at on i you ar e

of to pr e v en t yo u i n that e vil th e e vil f m ki

o a ng S mi th
’
s p opl e
e

on e w i th them ] , w e h a v wie r i l
tt en p ar t c u l a r y u n to you H d e R ,
vi
. .

bu t a ll is in a ne i n th at you e s te e m e th e tr u th w ee p r o fes s e a n d

us h er e i n as vi a ne .
”

si i n f H l wy and his c m pany w uld

B u t t he O p po t o o e s o o

caus h Du ch ld s t m v cau ti usly

e t e t e er o o e o .

T h s c nd c nsid a i n ha t l d
e e o d lay was o er t o t e to e con

t d wi h h mann f Smi h s bap ism I t was a ’

n ec e t t e er o t t .

cu i us p in Smi h s w ba p ism f hims lf was

r o o t .
‘

t
’
o n t o e

admi t dly i gula b t did tha t invalidat h bap ism

te rr e r, u e t e t
which h had adminis d th th s ? I f his m
e te re to e o er co

an
p y was b admi t d t t h M to nn ni t Chue ch w t e o e e o e r e re

h s v al m mb s
t e e h er ba p iz d nc m ? I t e er to e re t e o e or e

was a k n y p bl m I m y s m t ivial us b
ot t ro e . t a ee r to ,
ut

i was all t
t ibly s i us t th m Th A ms dame rr er o o e . e ter
minis s s lv d t er g in
re ot h ma t wi t h u te n ot to o on e te r o

fi s c nsul ting h minis s f n ighb u ing and k ind d

r t o t e t er o e o r re

Chu ch s A cc di gly a l t x plaining th ci cum

r e . or n ,
e te r e e r

s anc s was add ss d by L ubb G it t h

t e re e e rt e rr ts o t e

minis s f h M nn ni t Chu ch L uwa d n H

te r o t e e o e r at ee r e . e

says O p ini n and b s t id a ab u t this a ffai i

: ur o o ou r e e o r s

1 Hel wys, A n A dv er tisemen t etc. , P refatory Epistl e .

1 92
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

qu s ti n th validi ty f th i baptism t d mand th i

e o e o e r ,
or o e e r

re bap ism b f admissi n t his Chu ch

t e or e o o r .

T h minis t s in L uwa d n w
e er as k d t a tt nd a ee r e e re e o e

c nf nc in A mst dam t b h ld M y 3 til

o er e e er o e e on a 2 , s o

n ov o, 1 6 f th p u p s
1 0, f d ciding u p n t h a p p lica
or e r o e o e o e

t i n mad by Smi th s ass cia t s This t h y did t find

’
o e o e . e no

i t c nv ni n t t d
o e and th y s n t a l tt in g d im
e o o, e e e er oo t e

( M y 5 il a I
), tst
y t h y h uld
o n ov o t a t nd T h o sa
y e S o no te e

re ga d d th p p s d uni wi th h E nglish as a v y
r e e ro o e on t e er

c i tical thing and w uld t p n unc a d fi i t

r ,
”
o no ro o e e n e

O p ini n u po n i t b f c nsul
o ing h i c ng ga
e ore t i ns o t t e r o re o ,

T h y d si d full
e e inf ma i n Qui t na tu all y h y
re er or t o . e r t e

said th y w uld t b inclin d t c ns n b f th y

e o no e e o o e t e or e e

had c iv d f m th A ms t dam ld s Th sh t
re e e ro
“ e er e er e or

acc un t f h chi f a ticl s f th d c t in and cus t ms

o o t e e r e o e o r e o

o f th i c g gati ns which Hans d R i s and

e r on re o ,
” 1
e e

L ubb t G i t had
er ter r t f t h E nglish in w i t ing
t s se ou or e r .

Th y wan t d an p p t uni ty f
e e x amining th s a ticl s
o or or e e e r e

wi th th i c ng gat i ns T hus th matt was d lay d

e r o re o . e er e e .

Smi th and his f i nds p ss d f an answ t t h i r e re e or er o e r

re q s t f ad m issi n t Chu ch f ll wshi p Wh n

ue or o o r e o . e

qu s ti n d ab u t it th A ms t dam M nn ni t s sca c ly
e o e o e er e o e r e

k n w wha t t answ
e ha t this a ffai is p t ff such a
o er t r u o

l ng tim A cc dingly th y w t an h l tt t
o e . or e ro e ot er e er o

th i e r
“d a b th n and f ll w s van ts in th G s p l
e r re re e o er e o e

o f t h L d y nd e or in F i sland da t d July 6 6
o er r e ,
”
e 1 , 1 10,

st il o n ov o.T h y as k d f a ply wi thin a f tnigh t t

e e or re or o

t w qu s t i ns
o e o

1
v v
I thi n k we ha e here a r eferen ce t o th e actu al t itl e gi en to thi s
C on fession b y i ts au thor S chyn g i v es a Latin tran sl a ti on en ti tl ed
.

P r aecipi cor i cm Chr i st i a n a fi dei A r t i ci i l or i cm br ev i s C onfi ssi o a dor n at a a

j oan n e R i s i o et [ h i t her to Ger a r do S ee h i s E st ar i a M en non i ta r n m 1 72 9,
—2 2 0
. ,

pp . 1 72 .

1 94
 W ill t he D u t ch A dmi t t he E nglish
“ i lF r st W ha t the r e may b e i n the C on fess i (w i on h c h , a c c or d n g i
y
wi d x mi wi
.

t o yo u r d e s i r e , i s s e n t t o you , a s you s he to e a ne it th

y o u i
r c o n g r eg a t o n s a n d c o m p a r e i t t h t h e wi W or d of G od ) t h at
o u g ht to be j
r e e c te d o r im v p r o ed

S ec o n d y l
What a c cor d n g to you r op n on a n d a cc or d
. i ii i ng to
th e i i
Wor d of G od mu st b e thou ght of the r b e n g b ap ti z ed P
I f h y h a d n hing wi thin t h f
t e e nigh h y w uld
r ot e ort t t e o

t a k i ha th ma was l ft in th i hands d al
e t t t e tt e r e e r to e

wi h as h y h ugh t b s
t t e t o e t .

Th b th n e L uwa d n s n a
re re py l Jul
at y 8 ee r e e t re on 2 ,

1 6 il
10, st g n l y m ns a ing agains h undu
o n ov o, e t re o tr t t t e e

has f h A ms dam b h n I was an a ffai

te o t e t er re t re t r

qui w and unh a d f b f and ugh t b laid

te ne e r O e o re , o t o e

b f all h M nn ni Chu ch s in P ussia G many

e or e t e e o te r e r , er

and ls wh e eT h y ugh fi s e re b nd h i n gi s
. e o t r t to e t e r e er e

u p n h w k f s tablishing p ac and c nc d b tw n
o t e or o e e e o or e ee

t h diff
e n s c i ns f M nn ni t s D
e re t e t l av
o o e o e . o n ot e e so

e asily th ld f i nds by ch sing w n s wh p ha ps

e o r e oo ne o e o, er

will b g d A n ot e h s p cific
so qu s s h y
oo .
”
s to t e e re e t ,
t e

had t had im th ughly x amin h C nf ssi n

no t
“ e to o ro e e t e o e o
”
,

b ut h w h l ss n d f h i pa icula pini n
t ere as t e e ee or t e r rt r o o

on th hi y igh a icl f h c d sinc i was w

e t rt -
e t rt es o t e re e , e t no

p ublish d in p ine and a g n al judgm nrt u p n i migh

t, e er e o t t
b e ex p c d f m h w ld A d
e te ro h i pini n t e or . n as to t e r O o

ab u h validi y f h ba ptism assum d by h s

o t t e t o t e e t e e

E nglishm n — h y w e
p p a d t ye m ch e re n ot re re to sa u

ab u i x c p ha th y kn w f such cus m
o t t, e e t t t e e o no u se , to
or or dinanc f m H ly Sc i p u I f h i A ms dam
e ro o r t re . t e r te r
b h n admi t d h s E nglish p p l i w uld b
re t re te t e e eo e, t o e

u p n h i w s p nsibili y b h y ugh
o t e r o n re
y a t o t , ut t e o t at an r e

to inf m all th k ind d Chu ch s ab u h ma t

or e re r e o t t e t e r.

I th fac
n f t his unfav u abl
e lp y h qu s ti n f
e o o r e re t e e o o

t h admissi n
e f t h E nglish was hung p ind fini l y
o o e u e te .

1
95 N 2
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igins ,

J hn Smi th and his f i nds w l ft in a cu i us

o r e e re e r o

p si
o i n tT ho
y had n
. unc d t h i f m e Chu ch re o e e r or er r

or d and v lun ta ily diss lv d h i Chu ch F m

er o r o e t e r r . ro

th f i ndly advanc s f p min n t A ms dam M

e r e e o ro e ter en

n ni s th y had x p c d t b s p dily admi t d t

o te e e e te o e ee t e o

Chu ch f ll wshi p wi th th m N w h w y was ba d

r e o e . o t e a rre

f or th t im b ing Th y migh t a tt nd h s vic s

e e e . e e t e er e

o f t h M nn ni t s as individuals
e e T h y migh t c n t inu
o e . e o e

t oh ld m tings am g h ms lv s b acc ding t

o ee on t e e e ,
ut or o

th i w p inci p l s t h y w uld hav

e r o n r Chu ch p w e ,
e o e no r o e r,

and igh t t p a tici p a in Chu ch dinanc s un til

no r o r te r or e

th y w e c iv d in t Chu ch f ll wshi p un il th y
e re re e e o r e o ,
or t e

had nc again c ns ti tu t d h ms lv s in Chu ch d

o e o e t e e e r or er .

T h mas H l wy was w ll awa

o f th c u s e f v n ts s e re o e o r e o e e

am ngs t his ld f i nds I was a g i f t him that h y

o O r e . t r e o t e

f qu n t d t h s vic s and m tings f th M nn ni t s

re e e e er e ee o e e o e .

H p in t d
e t to h Du tch ld s that Smi th w
e ou o t e e er as

acquain t d wi h h a p s t lic x h a ti n t w shi p

e t t e o o e or t o o or

and p ay and sing in languag that was in lligibl

r e te e .

Smi h k n w tha t h s wh f il d und s tand c uld

t e t o e o a e to er o

t t ul y m n and w in si i n ”
no y rA sa t h p f b e ,
ere e o t o o ar

b i ar a n st him w h was l ading th w shi p

o Y t say s o e e or . e ,

H e l wys
Th i s man n ot wi th s t a n d i w
ng h en he h a d h msel f b u t i a li ltt e

u n d er s ta n d n g of i yo u r l an g u age , an d the r e s t of hi s c on fe d e r a cy
—w hen so me of th e m h a d n ot a n y u n d er s tan d n g i to b e s p o ke n o f,

an d di v er s n o n e at a l l , i h
ne t e r ye t h v v dd m
a e — h a e an o co e to
w hi wi
or s b p th yo u , i d
e i n g b a r b a r a n s u n to you , Am an s ay
‘
en
’

( w d
el s e h at o th ey there ) ,k w i w
n ot h h lno ng et er you b ess or

c ur s e . A d d n ot h n ot A thel h h ip os t e tea c t at t i s b e tter t o

h v fi
a w d i
e ve or s n the C hu r c h C i wi d d
or on gr e g a t on th un e r s tan in g
th an h d
t en t ous an wor d s i n a s tra n g eb h m wi h ton g u e , ut t es e en , t
f w m
a so r t o o en th a t are vi f d
o d oi d unh e r s ta n d n g , ha r a the r ear

i n you r C hu r c h or c on gr e ga t on i fi w d wi h y d
ve or s t ou t a n un er

1 9 6
 Smi t h H elw ys and B a p tis t Or igins
,

g a bak h us m y hav b n an ins ti tu ti n c nn c t d

re t e o e a e ee o o e e

wi h h Chu ch f t h
t t e f th c mmuni y and h
r or e use o e o t t e

re li f f it n dy m mb s S m f th M nn ni t
e o s ee e er . o e o e e o e

Chu ch s mad x p im n ts in c mmunism and p p

r e e e er e o ,
ut u

pe culia ba k h us
r s wi h chamb s a und
e and oab v e t er ro o e

th m f
e t h acc mm da t i n f h p
or e and ag d in th i
o o o o t e o or e e r

f ll wshi p I was h hat J hn Smi th had his l dging

e o . t ere t o o .

Smi h and his f i nds b ing hind d f h im

t r e , e e re or t e t e

f m b c ming full m mb s f th Chu ch th qu s t i n

ro e o e er o e r , e e o

a is s as t wh h h y v n tu d t dminis t ba ptism
r e o et er t e e re o a er

and c l b a th L d s Su pp am ng h ms lv s
e e r te e or
’
er o t e e e .

Th is c ai s a t m t u p n this p int I m
e re no e rt n t e en o o . a

incli d t thin k th y w did wi th u t h s dinanc s

ne o e no o t e e or e ,

and finding th i s p i i tual lif n n h l ss f sh and

e r r e o e t e e re

f v n t cam t c gniz that bap tism and th L d s

er e ,
e o re o e e or
’

Su pp w nl y h l ps and t ss n tials t t h lif f

er er e o e no e e o e e o

re ligi n in th h a H w c m u p n an id a
o e e rt . e re e o e o e

which G g F l id h ld u p n a g n a ti n la t and
eo r e ox a o o e er o er

im p ss d u p n his f ll w s in th S ci ty f F i nds
re e o o o er e o e o r e .

O t f his w
u o x p i nc Smi h cam t th c nclusi n
o n e er e e t e o e o o

t ha t t h g n at m e
“ th re w c atu
e which is
er e ,
an , e ne re re

b g tt n f G d n d th t th u twa d sc i p tu s
e o e o o ,
ee e no e O r r re ,

c at u s
re dinanc s f th Chu ch t supp t h l p
re ,
or or e o e r o or or e
“
him y t th g n at in l v t th s can and
e e re e er e, o e o o er ,

will d h than
o th
no u twa d things f h
ot er u se e o r o t e
Chu ch f h gaining and u pp ing f th s and
r or t e s o rt o o er ,
” 1

for hat a n th u twa d dinanc s alway s

t re so e o r or e a re n e c es

r . e
“
sa y H a iv d t th c nvic i n that th u twa drr e a e o t o e o r

bap tism and su pp d t c nf and c nv y g ac er o no o er o e r e

and g n a i n h pa tici pan ts c mmunican s

re e er t o to t e r or o t

b t as t h w d p ach d t h y s v
u ,
e nly t su pp t
or re e ,
e er e o o or

1 Proposition s , 6 1 , 62 , in h is Conf ess ion f

o Fa ith .

1 98
 S p i r i tual R eligi o n B e s t
and s ti p th p n tanc and fai th f th c mmunican ts
r u e re e e o e o

t ill Ch is t c mr t ill t h d y dawn and th d y s t a a is

o e e a e a - r r e

in th i e r e r .
“
h a ts I t was his p ini n tha t th sac a o o e r

m n ts hav th sam
e e t ha t th
e w d hath that
e u se e
‘
or
’
,

th y e a i i bl w d and t ha t th y t ach t th y f
ar e v s e or e e o e e e o

t h m t ha t und s tand
e th w d t ach th th a s f
er as e or e e e e r o

t h m t ha t hav a s t h a Wi th th fi t m p f ”
e e e r o e r. e ne e er o

r a ti nal m ys ticism which ma k d his las t y a s h

o r e e r ,
e
“
d cla d that th p aching f th w d and minis t y
e re e re o e or r

o f th sac am n t s
e r
p t teh t h minis t re
y f Ch is t
r e se n e e r o r

in t h s p i i t wh t ach th baptiz th and f d th t h

e r ,
o e e ,
e ee e e

re g n a t by th H ly S p i i t inwa dly and invisibly

e er e e o r r
” 1
.

1 P r oposi ti on s, 73 , 74 , 75 .

I 99
 A PP E N D I X TO C HA P TE R X I I I
S MI TH S
’
P E RS O N A L CO N F E S S I O N OF F AI T H

T HE M nn ni t a chiv s c ntain a La tin d cum n t

e o e r e o o e

which is vid n ly th p s nal C nf ssi n f Fai h f

e e t
“ e er o o e o o t
”
o

J hn Smi h I t was p bably p s n d t h ld s

o t . ro re e te o t e e er

o f t h M nn ni e e Chu ch wh n h a pp li d f admissi
o te r e e e or on

t t h i f ll wshi p
o e r e o I is t da t d b t in t nal vid nc
. t no e ,
u er e e e

p oin t s t t ho y a e 6 as
e t h r 1t im 10f c m p si i n e e o o o t o .

W b li v w i h
e e e e t d wi m
t he h e a r t an f th th e ou th c on e ss

( ) I T hat ther e i G d b
s on e i o , d
the m e st , th e h gh est , an ost

g l i C
or o u s d
r e ator an v lP r e s eri er S of a d l ; who s F ath er , on , a n

H l o y pS rii t .

( )2 T h at G d h o d d d m
as c r eate d h m
an re ee e th e u an r a ce to hi s
own im d
ag e , a n i d lm (
has or d a n e b i al b end) n o on e e n g rep ro ate

to lif e.

( ) 3 T h G d
at i m p o i f i i
o s es n o n e c ess b ty o s n n n g on a n y one ut

m an l b
fr ee y, y S a tan i i i i c f mG d
n st g a t o n d ep ar ts ro o .

f li f ll l d b G d i h
,

l
T h a t t h e aw i
g in a y p a c eo y o e w as
n t e or

i f l
k e ep n g o the aw ; then , b y r e as on o the e akn ess o the esh ,
f w f fl
b
w as , y the g oo d pl
ea s u re of G o d , thr ou g h the r e e p t on o d m i f
C i j ifi i b f i
hr s t , c han g e i n to u s t c a t on y a th ; on
d wi
h ch ac cou n t, n o
on e c a n j l lm G b
u st y b a e wiod , i m
u t r a ther , th h i s n os t he ar t , oug ht

to v
re er e , a d ore , i i man d p a se
r G h s ld v e r c y, tha t od s hou ha e

r en d e r e d l m b
th a t p os s i b e to w hi b f i
an , y hi s g r ac e, ch e or e , s n c e

m an ha d f ll a im i l b
en , wa s p o ss b e y n atu r e .

( ) T
5 ha t ther e i s ii i n o or ll g i n al l d
s n, but a sin s a ctu a an

vl
o u n tary, v i z , a w d
or d d ia d ee i l
or a f es gn ag a n s t the aw o

i wi
.
, ,

Go d dan th er efor e n fa n t s a re thou t s in .

( )
6 J
T hat C i e su s hr st m
i s tr ue G od i h an d tr u e an ; v z. , t e

S on f G d
o ki
o ta hi m l ng i toddi i se f, d p
n a t on , the tru e an ur e

2 00
 Smi th ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Origin s
( ) 15 LT hat th e
d S p i h
or
’
xs lup i er f s t m
e e te r n a S g n o t he co

m i f C i
u n on o d f h f i hf l m
hr s t, a n o t e m lv
a t u f i h
a on g st t he se es by a t
an d lv o e

i i l i
.

( ) T 16 h m hat t f e h
n s te r s o b
the h
chu rc ar e n ot on y s op s , to
w m h w
ho t e iv f i i b h w
po er is g en o d sp e n s d ng ot the or d a n th e
m
s a cr a b en t s , d m
u t al s o d wi d w
ea c on s , h en d
an o s, w o a t ten to
th e ff ia f a rs o d i b h
the p oor a n s c k r e t r en .

( ) I7 b v i
T ha t r ethr en w ho p er s e er e n i w m lv s ns kn o n t o th e se es,

a f t er i d dm i i
t he t h r
‘

a bon x l d d f m h f ll w hi
t on , a r e to e e c u e ro t e e o s p
of h t i b x mm i i
e s a n ts y e co u n cat on .

( ) 18 x
T ha t tho s e wh o mm i d
ar e e co b v i d
u n c a ted a r e n ot t o e a o e

i w
n i w l dl b
ha t p er ta n s to (
or i i ym m i m)
u si n es s c v le co er c u .

( ) 19 d
T h a t the d ( l i v i b eai i th e l h ng d ) w
e ngi l l n s tan t y c a n ge

i
r se i wi
ag a n m b i
th t h e sa h e b o d es ;b n ot t e su st a n c e ut th e
q li i b i
ua t es e n g c ha n g e d .

( ) 20 f T h at a i
te r th e l l w il l b b
r e s u r r e c t on t iab l e or n e to th e r un a

o fC i hr J d
st , b j
th e u d
g ,
e to di e h i w
u d ge a cc or h ng to t e r or k s ; t e

p i o u s , a fter f b l i
s e n te n c e w i
o ll j
a l
s o u t on , lif w i h e n oy e t er n a e t
Ch i ir st v h w i d d m d w ill b i h d wi
n hea en ; t e ck e c on e ne e p u n s e th
l m i h l l w i h d vil d hi “ l
, ,

e tern a tor e n ts n e t t he e an s an ge s
J M
.

O HN S I T H.

2 02
 C HAP TE R XI V

T H E C H U R C H O F H E LWY S —A D E C LAR AT I O N O F F AI T H ,

16 11 — TH E F I R S T B A P T I S T CO N F E S S I O N O F FA I T H
—T E S TI MO N Y To S MI T H — THE S I N O F I GN O R A N C E

HEv s S
’
D E C LA R AT I O N OF FA I TH LAR G E L Y
D E PE N D EN T O N S MI T H

N OW t hat J hn Smi th had n unc d his s lf

o re o e e

adminis d bap ism and was s k ing admissi n h

te re t ee o to t e

M nn ni t Chu ch T h mas H l wy f l ha h was

e o e r ,
o e s e t t t e

l f in th b ach t d f nd h u th wi h an insignifican t
e t e re o e e t e tr t
f c t th bac k f him H c gniz d th s p nsi
or e a e O . e re o e e re o

b i l i y t ha t was h us t u p n him
t T h ugh h had
t r t o . o e no

e nj y d g d an duca i n as Smi h Clif n

o e so oo e t o t , to or

R bins n h f l
o o im p ll d t d f nd and d fin his
e e t e e o e e e e

p o si i tn in
o p in t H was rw ll v s d in
. t h Sc i peu s e er e e r t re ,

b t h lac k d h s ns
u e ef p p i n which a wid
t e e e o ro ort o er

r ang f ading w uld hav giv n H m an t w ll b t

e o re o e e . e e e u

his w k suff d b caus h had t und g n th

or er e e e e no er o e e

disci plin f a th ugh li a y t aining H i s yl is

e o o ro ter r r . s t e

e x ub an t and ambling I t is s m im s difficul

er r . o et e t to
dis ngag his m aning f m th tangl f his w ds
e e e ro e e o or .

B ut in s p i f all his his w i ings c n tain s m

te O t r t o o e

p assag s which is t t h l v l f l qu nc b caus

e r e o f e e e o e o e e e e o

t h in t nsi y f f ling and d p t h

e e t o f c nvic t i n f m
ee e o o o ro

which h y sp ing T h a n s tn ss and sinc i y f h

t e r . e e r e e er t o t e

man shin t th ugh all his w ks

e ou ro or .

Th a li s t p ublicat i n by H l wy is im p an t
e e r e o e s or t

b caus it c n t ai s th fi s t C nf ssi n f Fai h t t

e e o n e r o e o o t se ou

2 03
 Smi th Helwys and B ap ti s t Or igins
,

by y c m
an an
p y Chu o ch f E nglish B a p t
oris t s I t is r o .

n t w thy t hat this C nf ssi n was c m p il d by a

o e or o e o o e

layman H l wy c n t nd d f th quali ty f th
. e s o e e or e e o e

sim pl Chu ch m mb in k n wl dg f s p i i ual and

e r e er o e e o r t
re ligi us things wi th th m s t l a n d f th s v s d in
o e o e r e o o e er e

human k n wl dg Th p si ti h t k p u p n this
o e e. e o on e oo u o

ma t was f u tm s t significanc in th af his t y f

t er o o e e ter or o

t h E nglish B a pt is ts
e I t h l p d t ma k t h i Chu ch s . e e o e e r r e

t h m s d m c a t ic f
e o t y and
e dido awa r
y wi t h t h dang
o an ,
e er

o f sac d t al d mina t i n
er o B t th ow th s am ngs t o . u e re er e o e o

t h m w h p ss d his p si t i n t an x t m
e o re e and cam
t o o o e re e, e

t l o k up n h
oo
“ humani ti s wi th p si tiv disli k and
o t e e o e e

sus p ici n Th y ga d d l a ning t as th handmaid

o . e re r e e r no e

and h l p f ligi n b t as a v i tabl hind anc t th

e o re o u er e r e o e

tr u ligi n of th h a t This n t is f qu n tly h a d

e re o e e r . o e re e e r .

I t was a wh l s m p t s t agains t t h o e o x agg at d e ro e e e er e

im p tanc a ttach d t sch las tic l a ning I t s v d t

or e e o o e r . er e o

re mind th w ld ha t k n wl dg f l tt s and a ts d s
e or t o e e o e er r oe

no t t a k t h chi f p lac in
e ligi n B t it was s n s n
e e e re o . u oo ee

t ha t m sc n f l a ning did t avail and tha t th

ere or o e r no e

b tt c u s was t nlis t it in th s vic f ligi n

e er o r e o e e er e o re o .

Th t i tl fi s t b k by H l wy uns as
”

f th
e e o e r oo e s r

f ll ws
o o
A D l i [ f] ec ar a t on o 1

i f l F a th o En g i sh
l mii
.

Am P e op e R e a n n g at

d m i H l d s ter a n ol an .

H b e 1 1, 6
Wi h F i h i i i mp i bl p l
. .

t ou t a t t s os s e to ease
G od . Heb . I I .

Rom I 4 , 2 3
v i
. .

Whatsoe e r i s n ot off F a th i s sin .

P r yn t e d
1
The copy in Y ork Min ster Library has th e
han d corn er of the to p r ight

titl e p ag e tor n
-
I t i s b ou n d u p w
ith a copy of the 1 60 7 i ss u e of the Latin
v
.

f
ersi on of the Conf ess i on o F a i th, i ssu ed i n 1 8 b
59 , yJ ohn son a n d Ai n s wor th .

2 04
 Smi t h ,
H e lw ys and B ap t is t Or i gins
t ha t th e
~

LO RD c re ate s no ma n t o d a m n a t i o n b u t t ha t m e n
br i
ng it u p on the m s e lv es by th e i r ow n i
s ns ( E ze k 1 8, 20 )
i i
.

an d t h at t h e r e f o r e al l n fan ts as w ll e as an y dy ng b e for e they

ha v e c om m i tte d a c tu a l sin ar e r e d ee m e d by CH R I S T, th e i r

e sta te s an d c on d ii
t on si be ng al l on e . We b e s ee c h al l tha t
f ear G o d wi e g h i l w
s e r ou s y , hat gr iv
e ou s c au se of o ff e n c e ther e
i s h er e in 1 .

l l m
S e c on d y, w e ho d tha t en con fe ss n g the r fa i th a n d s n s a re i i i
l
on y t o h e B a p t z e d a n d t h a t i
n fa n ts n ot b e n g c a p ab e o f t h e i i l
wor d o f G O D n o r o f f a ith a n d r e p e n ta n c e ar e a s o u n c ap a b e o f l l
i
th e B ap t s m o f r e p en tan c e An d w e p ray the wi s e - h ea r te d
vi w l i w wi
.

ad se d l y to c o n s i d e r t o ha t e n d s h ou d n fa n t s b e ashe d th
that w a te r , it n ot be i
m an d e d n or p r a c t s e d
n g c om hy i W
sh ou l d m e n m a k e a c e r e m o n i al or d n an ce o f a s u b s ta n t a i il
i
or d n a n c e , for c er t a n l y if i t m u s t b e a d i
n s ter e d u on n fa n t s i t
p mi i i
l
i s o n y a c er e m on y o r s ha d o w , for the n fa n t i s n ot th en tr u l y i
ifi
m or t e d a n d s an c t e d , an d , i t m ay he , n e e r ifi Ye en of v will m
i i l j m
.

u n d e r s ta n d n g , f ear you r
ng u dg e n ts
GOD, an d o ok u n to

p i
r a c t c es i n t h e s e th i n g s , a n d n a l l th n g s al k b y r u e r o thei i w l f m
W or o f tr u th W hat r u l e or a r r an t c an b e p r o d u c e d th a t yo u
d . w
s h ou l w
d ta k e th e or d of G O D an d t he hol y or d in a n c e s of th e N e w
wi
T e s ta m e n t, h c h ar e a l l r e al a n d s u b s ta n t a l , an d a d m n s ter i ii
t h e m u n to or u p on a yo u n g i n fa n t an d s o m ake t he m o f n o e ffe c t ?
W hy a r e you thu s i w wi
c ar r e d a ay m t h t h e tr a d t ii on s o f en You
ha v e b eg un to g o to w ar d sm r e forv w a t i on ,
ye h a e c ast a ay the
c r o s s , ye h a e p u t b y v i
s u r et e s m g od fa ther s
] an d god o th er s

b u t the fath e r ( i f he l ay a n s w il ) m
er a n d t a k e c h a r g e w G o on
i w
.

b u t on e s tep fu r th er a n d l e t the p ar ty b ap t z e d an s e r a n d ta k e
i
c h ar g e o f h ms el f, a n d th en t her e wi
l l b e c o fo r t i n a d in i s m m
i
te r n g a n d c om for t t o ho it i s a d w m
n i s ter e d mi
L e t n o th n g he i .

w i
a n t n g th a t t h e L or d r e u i r e t h i n hi s q w l
or d e s t yo u b e r e r o e d
p v
wi th th e yo u n g m an i n th e go s p el e t r u s t t he L O Win t e RD im
.

w il i v i
l g e yo u to se e t he s e th n g s , a n d n o t s o on y, u t b o th yo u l b
a n d u s t o s ee f u r th e r th n g s i w f
her e o w e a r e g n or an t for n o n e i (
h ath attain e d u n t o i t , i f w e ) will
b u t se e ou r g n or an ce a n d i n i
h u m il ty i wi i l ll ng y s ee k wl
kn o e d ge .
” 2

1
2 D ecl ar ati on , etc.
v
Hel wys ob i ousl y e pected the x an s wer N on e .

2 06
 ‘

He l w ys D i ffe r s fr o m Br o wnis ts
H l wy in d t
e s, h w nc th as nabl n ss f
or er o S o at o e e re o e e o

his w p si t i n and wh it di ff d f m ha f h
o n o o ere ere ro t t O t e

B wnis s S p a a tis s p c d d
ro t or e ri t in a
t ,
ro e e e to s et t ou

s i s f sh t p p si i ns mb dying th sc i ptu al
er e o or ro o t o e o e r r

wa an t f his b li f
rr or e e

W ld e ho hi fi t h at mi G OD i in s r st p o
r se c on c er n n g C HRI S T

wa s m i l ll m i d li ll m d i
er c fu t o a an kn a ke , a a n kin be n g u n d e r on e

an d m
th e s a i e tr an s gr es s on .
“ ld
Y ou h o n ot .

W l wi e ho d , A l m
th the C i v p os t e , I Ti 2, 6 , t ha t hr st ga e
h i m lf vi
.

se m a ran s ol m d f or al en a n t ha t h e i s th e s a our of a l l

m en but il f m e sp e c a l v ly m —
o th e tha t b e i e e, 1 Ti 4. 10 an d th a t
ii l i f i f l b
,

he i s th e r e c on c l a ti on n o t o n y f o r th e s ns of th e a th u ut

for the s in s w l w ld J
of t he ho e or . I oh n , 2 2 .

l d wi
Y o u ho oth er se .

A i g a n l d we ho vi R tha t mm d as ou r sa our CH IST co an ed ,

i
,

M —
at. 2 8 , I M m en u st te a c h an d B ap t z e.
g
Yo ul m i
h o d the y O
ay h — W
B ap t ze a n d n ot te a c h . r t us e

h ld
o li v m
t h e y t h at b e i d A e e ay b e B ap t ze . c ts 8, 37
ld
.

“ You ho t h ey t h a t b e l i e v e n ot

i
.
,

W h er e i s t h f ff
s so W d
gr eat c a u se o o en ce ? hy o you di s
l lv m
p ease yours e e s s o i l wi u ch
a t u s , e sp e c al y you ll d
ar e c a e h ch
the i i
S ep e r a c i on , a s to al e n a te yo u r a ffe c t on s , e s tr an g e yo u r
’

d
s p eec he s , a n c han g e yo u r c oun ten an c e s h w w
a s tho u g e er e

m on s te r s or a t l wil m th e e as t d en

Af d aling in his w y wi h h tw u s an ding

te r e t a t t e o o t t
f a u s in h i b li f w hich ma k d ff his li t l Ch ch
e t re t e r e e r e o t e ur

f m h s f th i c un ym n H l wy k pains t
ro t e re t o e r o tr e e s t oo o

sh w hat th y h ld this b li f f m th i w p s nal

o t e e e e ro e r o n er o

c nvic i n and u p n h au h i y f y p a icula

o t o n ot o t e t or t o an rt r

te ach T h ma k abl p assag in which h p in s

er . e re r e e e o t
t his t giv s indi c
ou s im ny t h a ac iv ss
e re t te t o o t e ttr t ene

and p w f J hn Smi h s p s nali y and v als h

o er o o t
’
er o t , re e t e

c m p lling f c f that c nvic i n f t u h which c uld

o e or e o o t o o r t o

2 07
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

l ad t th s v anc f such an in timat f ll wshi p as

e o e e er e o e e o

t h f ll wing w ds f H l wy indica t
e o o or o e s e

W f m ly i h
her ea s or b er h h t d ath
p d h een t ou g t an re orte t at

we h d el i bi
thes e th
d by M
n gs, Sm e ng se uced r. yth , we
b i e ng n ow , h h th r o u g m t e f vg at
r e g r a c e er c y an d a our

o f GOD w d to ( ar h s us l m
th o u gl i fS t hr ou g h cru e a ce o a th an

i
a g a n st d us, i i f o i him) i vi d d f m him
an sp r t o er r r n d e ro ,

j m Ad l
,

w e pr ay af c ha n g e o th a t udg en t n w e tr u st w e s ha l
f i i
.

a pp r o v l m
e u n to al d en f C
t h a t w e h ol ou r a th o on s c en ce to
GOD f m th e g r o u n d o
ro f S i A d l
th e m p tu r es
cr . nye t e t n o an

t hi n k th a t w e cou l d n ot w il li l v d n g y ha e u n
h e r g on e t hat r ep r oa c

an d f ar g rh v
e a te r ll j
to m a e s ti w w ld e n oye d hi . Ye a , h at ou we
n ot h v d
a d e en d ur e W ld or h v l
on e ll h dou we n ot a e ost a we a P
Ye a , w ld ou h v we l n ot a e p W ld
u c k e d ou t o u r eyes ? ou we n ot

h v l id d w
a e a li v o n our h k w i
es ? D ot n ot G O D no th s ? Do n ot

m en wi kn o h t? h wi H v
D ot n ot e l d
kn o t? a e we n ot n e g e c t e

ou r se lv wiv e s, our h ld d ll w h d
e s , ou r c d i r en d an a e a an r e s p e c te

h im A d
? nf we h d d
c on e ss d
we a goof cau se so to o in r e sp e ct o

th os e m x l i d ost e c el e n t f g ft s an id grace s o GOD t h at then d a b ou n d

i h m
n i A d ll nl v a l ou r f im
o e w
w a s too ittl e or h a n d n ot or thy

ik m i
.

o f hi m A d . n l ther e for e e t n on e b th n an d l et n ot hi th nk ut

t ha t h v
ou r sou l s m a f e an d f do m ou r n d or th e l os s o su c h a a n an

if th e RD d LO hm w
ha f m
ta ke n m i v id
a ay ro us we i g ht h a e cr e

( b w
e ari f l i
th h ou r ) oo i s d h
n es s m th e f l
c h ar o t a n t e h or s e en o I sr a e
RD h i f ll
.

h f or s a ke n t m
’
B u t he h a t h e LO S tr u th , e s a en fr o gr a c e .

A d n f wl
thou gh the d d h o er d l d i
ha sp re a i is n et a n ai t, t h e n e t s
b k ro end an we d bl ar ed d i b
e s cap e e s se an p r a s e d e ou r G O D .

Ye t h d h f ll a l e a i f h d b f ll
en a on e ou r b
g e
r i a e en u e n ou g h , ut n

t h at m so d
a n y so n e ar d an f ll sowi him ea r u n to u s a r e a en th
h er eb h y b ath f m e ou tl d hi
o i
e a su r e d e n ar g e s own s n an our

gr eif B m
ut o uri i co RD l for t d is i H l
n th e LO a on e an n h s o y
ld p
.

T h
ru t d i h
an Dhd f t e LOR a n ot l n ow he us u w e had su r e y
f lla en . A d n h ll b
w e tr u st w e b li h d f s G d i a bl e e s ta s e or o s a e to
i di
,

m ak e u s s t a n
d ll . L et n ot a m f h
t hes e th n gs s ta s te a n y an o t e

T h
r ut k n or k ee p f m i b ac b an y ro m t, u t r ather en cour ag e en

u n to i i h t, h n t d at h t me i ll p v d
L or h at so er c fu y r e ser e a p oor

re m A d l
n an t. m l kn et en d oo h id
to th e cau se a n n ot to t e ac c en t s ,

an d if h
yet d l k t ey h id h y h l l h lik i
o oo to t e acc e n ts t e s a s ee t e e n

2 08
 Smi th Helwys and B ap t is t Or igins
,
-

i g n anc f divin t hings and p n ting f his

or e o e re e o

ign anc H f und p ac and ligh in assumi g

or e . e o e e t n an

at i tud f abs lu d p nd nc u p n G d and b m i

t e o o te e e e e o o su s

si n t th guidanc f his H ly S pi i t in th
o o e e o o r e

in t p tat i n f his w d giv n in th Sc i pt u s

er re o o or e e r re .

Th e e x p i nc which had c m t him h d si s th

er e e o e o e e re o e rs

to ha H d in hin k ing that a simila x p i nc

S re . e e rr e t r e er e e

was a n c ssi ty f th salvati n f all H a gu s

e e or e o o . e r e

f m his w cas t h wh l f human kind A ft

ro o n e o t e o e o . er

qu ting passag s f m Sc i pt u ( J xxx i 3 3 J hn

o e ro r re er . .
,
o

x iv 6 J hn
. 2 , 7) 1t sh w ot ha t a t im was f
11 . 2 o o e or e

shad w d wh n m w uld b t augh t f G d and l d by

o e e en o e o o e

his S pi i t h p c ds r e r o ee

A l hi il t wi s k w h H l di
s n ot r f
tten to ta e a ay t e y o or n a n ce o

t ea ch i b if m n g, utl f to n or m v
the p eop e o GOD th at the y u st ha e

th e i r wl d
kn o f w d f b
e g e ou t o th e or f o GOD y t h e t e a c h in g o

ii f
th e S p r t o G O D th at th e ym b b i ay e a le to tr y th e t e a c h ng

f i
o th e r T e a c h er s a n
d not b d S i e ti e d t o u n d er s t a n th e cr p tu r e s
as th ey x d m e p ou n m b
th e bl B ut t h at t h e y ay e a e t o s ay
wi i b li v
.

th goo d i b
c o n s c en c e s, we e e e t n ot ec a u s e you ou r

t ea c h er s h ft ea c w us i
thu s , or we kn o you ar e al s o gn or a n t
an d bjsu b ec t b li v i b
to er r o r , w i ut we e e e t ec au s e w e kn o t
to b e f G d
the tr u th
d f o k wl d of m an th a t o ou r ow n no e ge ro

w d f im h S i i
.

t he or b h o GO Df fy t e tes t on y o t e p r t o GO D.

A d hi k w l d v h v will b v d ”
n t s m no e hg e u st e e r y on e a e t at e sa e .

We
b es e e c h you [ T eacher s or P r ea cher s] ther efo re i n the
wl i
b o e s of c omp as s on , if th e r e b e an y c omp a s s on or m e r cy i n you i
fi
b e n ot s o c o n d e n t i n you r for m e r u n d e r s tan d n g s , h ch in i wi
i v
m an y t h n g s you ha e b u t b y tr a d t on a n d fr om the r t n gs an d ii wii
p r ac t c e s i
o f o th e r m e n H e a r u s i th p a t e n c e W e s p e a k i n w i .

v
.

th e u p ri ghtn e s s o f o ur h e ar ts u n to you , for the a d an c e men t of

GO
’
D
S g l or , th e o ert hr o
y o f y o u r s o u v
s an d o f t h e w
s o u l s o f t h e l
p oor p e op le of G O D t h at d o t o o m u ch d ep e n d u p on yo u for
w h om w e wi sh t ha t we c ou l d she d r iv er s of tear s b ec au s e w e

210
 K n o w l e dg e ,H uman and D i v in e
kn o w th at th ey h a v m x l i e m
an y e c el e n t th n gs i n th e an d th at th ey
ha v e l
the d b
ze a of Go di wlu t n ot a c c o r ng to k n o e dg e T he y ar e

l iv f m vi i
, .

o u r n a tu r a m c o u n try en an d d er s o t he o ur lo ng k n dr e d in
the fl m
e sh, a n d s o m w e ou r f w m
os t or t h y a n d d ea r ri en d s to ho we
ow e f
th e b es t li v
ru i t s of o u r i f es a n d the e n ti r e s t a ffe c t on s o ou r

h e ar ts d f
An lm ther e f or e l b ma e u s n ot i we u se a l th e ea n s tha t
i f
.

we c an W d f
b y th e d d wor m o Go to ra th e t o th e g ht o the
S sin

ofi wi d
g n oran c e h ch v d w ll m f oth s o o wi i e r sh a o a en o r the h ch s n

all m en m i if
u s t p e r sh t hey r ep e n t n ot .
”

H l wy manfull y p l ads f t h la yman s ca p aci ty f

’
e s e or e or

a ttai ing k n wl dg f divin u th L ng and di us

n o e e o e tr o te o

c u s s f s t udy in ading h w i ings f h m

o r e o re t e r t o ot er en

w e re t n c ssa y
no eL h
e p l ain r man. ad t h et t e re e

Sc i p u s as k ing h l p f G d I f h w n t t th B ibl
r t re ,
e o o . e e o e e

in h igh t s p i i it w ul d yi ld p it t asu s H
t e r r t o e u s re re . e

indica t s an a y w y and ha t is
e e s a ,
”
t

d to i
r ea wl d
t h e S c r p tu r e s i d ac kn o e gi n g you r g n or an c e an

ask u n d i A i
e r s ta n d n g of G O D w b m
. nd th s is a w ay h e r e y t he os t

sim l
p l
e s t s ou t ha t i i m
s e ek s i the tr u th i n s n c er ty ay a tta n u n to

th e kn owl f v i
e dg e o i di W d
s al a t on c on ta n e n th e or of G O D .
”

I t was a w y which h hims lf had t s t d and f und

a e e e e o

m s bl ss d and c mf abl
o t e e o or t e.
”

ZI I
 A PP E N D I X TO C HA P T E R XIV

A D E C LA RAT I O N O F FA I T H

THI S is
a li s t p in t d B p is t C nf ssi n f
the e r e r e a t o e o o

Fai th I t was issu d by Th mas H l wy and his m

. e o e s co

p ani ns I t
o cl s d p nd nc u p n h w i ings f
. s o e e e e e o t e r t o

J hn Smi h has t hi h b n n t d H l wy giv s

o t no t e r to ee o e . e s e

th e f nc s O
r e e re E z chi l t f ll wing h
e
‘
s aea,
’ ‘
e e
’
e c . o o t e

G n van V si n t which h adh d m cl s ly than

e e er o o e e re ore o e

Smi h t .

W V C E BELI E E AN D ONFE S S 1

I .

T hat ther e R wi b v —
ar e TH EE h ch e ar r e c or d in he a en th e
R
F AT H E RD PR —
th e W O G an d th e S I IT an d th e s e thr ee ar e on e OD

q v i w m l i
, ,

in al l e( J u a li ty 1 7 P h l
oh nii 5, By . . . ho a l th n g s ar e

H v
,

d
c r ea te d an (
p r eserv ed i n
G ea e n a n d E ar th en .

2.

i
T h at th s G O D i n the b eg n n n g c r eate d a l l th n g s of n oth n g i i i i
( G en i a n d m a d e m a n o f t h e d u s t o f th e e a r t h ( c h )
a p i i 7 in

i i i i
. . . .

h i s o w n m ag e ( c h a p i n r g hte o u sn ess a n d tr u e hol n ess

iv i ll i i iii
. .

( E p h es .
y t
e be ng te mp te d fe by d sob e d en c e ( c ha p . .

i i i
.

1 T hr ou gh w h os e d s ob e d e n c e a l l m e n s n n e d ( Ro m . v .

Hi s s in b e i imng p u ted u n to al l , a n d so d eath en t o er a l l men w v .

T hat b y th e p r om sed i s e ed o f th e Woman ‘

I E sv s C H R I ST
’
hi s
ob e d i en c e , a l l are m a d e r i h
g te ou s ( Ro m v . Al l ar e m ad e
liv xv i b i g i mp
.

a e ( I C or . . His r ghte ou s n es s e n d u te u n to all .

4 .

T h at n ot wi h t s ta n d n g i th i s m en ar e by n atu re the ch ild r en of

w r ath ( E p h e s . ii . b orn i n in iq iu ty an d in s in c on cei v ed

AD1
q F a i t f
ecl a r a t i on
h o E n g l i sh P eo
p l e fetc 1 6 1 1 i
S g A —
3 A 5
w Y
. . . .
, ,

The on l y c opy k n o n to m e is i n or k Mi n ster L i brary .

212
 S m i th ,
H elw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
Th iat a r h
g teou s m m yf ank hi ih d p i h
a or s a e s r g t e o u s n e s s an er s

( E kzex v iii 24, A d h f l m p m nhi k t e r e or e et n o an r esu e to t n

l
. .

t h b
at e c a u se he b h h d
at f or a on c e , g r a ce , th e r e or e he s h al

lw
,

a v
a ys ha gr a c e
e l ll m v
B ut if et a en ha e a s su r a n c e th a t t he y
i h ll b vd
.

c on t n u e u n t o t he d en m t h ey S a e sa e L et no an th e n
ll w k h i lv i wi h f
.

p resu m b e, ut l et a or d ou t t e r sa a t on t e ar an

tr emb li n g.

8
T h at ‘
I E sv s CH R I ST
’
the S on of GO D , the sec on d P er s on or

i
s u b s s te n c e i n th e fu l n e ss of t me w as m an fe s te d
i n t he T r i n i ty, l i i
fl i
i n th e es h , b e n g the se e d of D av d a n d O f the I sr a e ite s a c cor d n g i l i
t o the e sh ( Ro m fl 3 a n d i T h e S o n o f M ar.
y t h e rg n
. ix Vi i
w
, .

ma d e of her s ub s tan c e ( G al i v 4) b y th e p o er o f th e H O L Y
wi i i
. .

G HO S T vo er s h a d o ng he r ( L u k e An d b e ng th u s t r u e
li i l x
.

Man was ke un to us in al l th n gs , s in on y e c e p te d

( Heb . iv . i be ng on e p e r s on i n t w o d i i s t n ct n atu r e s ,
‘
T E VE

G O D an d T E V E
’
MAN .

T ha t I E sv s C H R I ST i s me d i a tor of the N e w T e s ta me n t b et w een

G O D an d Man ( 1 vi l l w i v d i T im ii ha ng a po er n h ea en an n

iv xxviii i l K
. .

eart h g hi m ( Men Un to a tt . be ng t he on y I NG

v ii R iii
.

( Lu k e
i P ( H d P
RI E S T P ( A ) eb .f an O HE T c ts 22 o

l bi w iv
. . .

h i C s H
hu r c h e a so i e ng t he on l y La g er b ath i n h s T e s ta
d w b l l f di i f ll
.

m en t s e t o n f an a s o u te an d p r
e ect r u e o r e c t on or a

p er s on s l l im at a b vd wi t es i t o b e o s er e ; h ch no Pr n c e n or an y

w v m dd
h o s oe er d i mi i f m
ay a wil v d
to or n sh ro , as they l a oi th e
f f l j d m
e ar u d u dg en tsi h m h l
e n ou n c e d aga n s t t e t h at s al so o

( Re vxxii . . 1 8,
10 .

T h C
h at t h f R i
e h ur cmp f f i hf l po l CH I ST s a co an y o a t u eop e

( 1C i or . i ). 2, d f
E ph m . w l d b I w d s e p ar a te
d ro the or y t h e or an

S pi i vi b i g i
.

fr t ( C
o C OD 2 or D e n kn t u n to th e LOR an d on e

i m ( C xii )
. .

u n to an ot h b er y B a pt h i fs i 1 or I 3 u p on t e r ow n c o n e s s on

f h f i v iii i
. .

o t e ( A a
)
th d ( M
c ts , i i .
37 an s ns att . i .

11 .

h T at h i thou g f R h Ch h b n r e s p ec t o CH IST t e u rc e on e

( E i
p he s v i. i . f d i v
ye t i l t i
c o n s s t e th o er s p a r t cu a r c o n g ega t on s ,
r

e v en m so h ll b i
an y a s w ld v t er e wi sha e n t he or ; e er y o f h ch

i
c on gr e g a t o ns , h b b t o u gh v R th ey e ut two or t hr ee , h a e CH I ST

g i v h m wi h l l m
en t e f h i
t lv i
a ( Mth e x v ii i ean s o t e r sa at on att. . 2 0,

214
 A D ecla r at i o n o f Fa i th
Rom vii i
32 , I C or . iii
2 2 ) a r e t h e B od y
. of CH R I ST ( 1 C or .

l xi v
. .

xi i . ) 27 w an d a ho e C hu r ch ( I C or . . an d ther efore m ay
an d h wh ou g t, en the y a re c om e t og e ther , t o p r ay, p r op h es y, b r ea k
b d
r ea d d mi i ani a n s te r n l i
all t he h o y or d n an c e s , a tho u g h a s ye t l
i fi ld i
,

t h ey h v ffi a e no o c er s or th a t t h e r o f c er s S ho u b e i n p r s on ,
i
s ck , by orh an y ot er m ean s hi d n er ed from th e C hur ch
[ 1P i v et d ii
. . 1 0, an .

12.

T h at as on e c on gr e g at on i h ath CH R I S T so h ath al l ( 2 C or . x .

an d th at the Wor d of G O D c om eth n ot ou t fr om a n y on e , ne i the r

to an y on e c o n g r eg a t o n i i
i n p ar t c u l ar ( I C or xi v . b ut u n to

i l i
.

e v ery p a r t c u a r C H VR C H as i t d oth u n to all th e w or l d ( C oll .

5,
l iv v
.

An d ther e for e no C hu r c h o u g ht to c h al en ge an y p r er ogat e o er

a n y oth e r .

I 3 .

T hat e v er y i v l l h i m mb b
C hu r ch i s to r ec e e i n a t e r e er s y B ap t im s

u p on con fe ss i i i
on of t he r fa th an d S i w b ns r o u g hty the p r eac h n g i
of the G o s p e l a c cor d n g i i mi iv ( M
t o th e p r t e i n s ti tu ti on a tt xxv ii i 1 9 )

i ii i
. .

an d p r a c t c e ( Ac t s . A h f C nd t e r e or e hu r che s c on s t tu t e d
a fter a n y other man n er or of a n y oth er p er son s ar e n ot a c c or di n g

to CH R I ST S
’
T e sta m en t .

w i wi h w i h
T ha t b ap t sm or a s h n g i t at e r s t e out w d m ifar an e sta

i w l ki i w
t on of d yi n g u n to s in a n d a ng n ne n e ss o f li f ( m vi
e Ro 2
wi p i h if
. .
,

3 ,
A n d t h er e for e i n no se a p er ta n et to n an ts .

Th h L d S ppati t w dm e or
’
s u er s th e ou t ar an if i f h
e s ta t on o t e

S i i
p l mm i b w
r tu a R coh u n on et e en CH I ST an d t e f i hf l m
a t ll
u u tu a y
( C
1 x 7) d l
or . i d h .il h 1 6, 1 to e c ar e h s e at un t e co m ( C
e xi )
I or . . 26

These r efer en ces are ad d ed in a c on tem porary han d i n th e

1
or k Y
Min ster Lib r ary copy T hey are pri n ted b y Cr osby ii , 1 739 , appen d i 1
so th e a dditi on m u s t h a e b een m ad e i n hi s copy a l so
.

v T h e s tr on g ass er
.

.
x
t i on of co n g r egati on al in d epen d en cy an d au t on o my in thi s an d the
su cc ee d in g ar t i cl e is d i r ected a g ai n st th e po si ti on of ohn S m i th , who b J
y
1 6 10 ha d com e to th e con cl u si on that if a tr ue C hu r ch wa s al r ea d y i n e i sten c e x
then , for the s ak e o f or d er , affi l i ati on s hou l d b e sou gh t from that C hu r ch
an d b apti sm a n d o r d i n a tion r ec ei ed fr om i ts m in is ter
“
v .

C o mpar e S mi th s p erson al con fessi on , sec tion s 1 4 an d 1 5,

’
2
That
w
bap tism i s th e ou t ar d S ign o f the r em ission of S i n s of dyi n g an d b ei n g
m a de al i v e agai n , an d t her e fore d oes n ot p er tai n to i n fan ts T hat the

fai thfu l mu tu al l y by fai th an d l o e

”
w
Lo r d s S u ppe r i s the ou t ar d S ign o f the com m u n i on of Chr ist an d of the
’

v .
.

215
 S mi th ,
H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
1 6.

T h at the memb er s of e er y C hu rch or con g r e gat on ou ght to v i

w
kn o on e an other , th at s o they may p er for m al l th e d u t e s of o e i lv
w
on e t o a r d s an oth er , b o th t o s ou l an d b od y ( Ma tt I 5 . xviii .

v
1 T h es s xii
1 4 ; 1 C or An d e sp e c a y th e E l d er s o u ght i ll
k w h wh l fl k wh
. .

Y
. .

to no t e o e oc e r eof t h e HO L G HOS T h a th m a d e
m v xx v
,

th e ( Ao e r seers ct s 28 ; 1 P et . . 2, An d th er efore a

i m l i d
.

Ch h h
ur c ou g t n ot to c on s st o f s u c h a u t tu e a s c an n ot ha v e

p i l k
ar t cu arw l d f no e g e on e o an other .

1 7.

T hat b r ethr e n mp en ten t in [ ] i f t i

er the a d m on t on an y 1 o n e si n a ii
u d e d th e C o mm un on o f t h e S a n t s
of t h e C h u r c h a r e t o b e e c xl i i
( M a tt i 1 7; 1 x v ii
C or 4 An d t h e r e f o r e n o t t h e cvo m
ii i
. . . .

m tt n g of s in d oth c u t off from t he C hu r ch b u t r efu s n g to he ar

th e C hur c h to r efor mati on .

T hat ex c ommu n -
i c an ts in r esp e c t of c i vil i soc e ty ar e n ot to b e
a vi
o d e d ( I T he s . iii . 15 Mat . xviii . I 7) .

19 .

v
T hat e ery C h ur c h ou ght ( acc or d in g to the e amp e of C H I S T S x l R ’

i i i iv v fi
d sc pl es an d p r m ti e c hu r c h es) u p on e er y r s t d ay o f th e e e k w
i
b e n g th e L O
’
RD l
S d a y to a s s e mb e to g e th er t o p r a y, p r o p hes y,

p ra sie G O D , an d b r e a k b r ea d , a n d p er for m a l l o th er p a r t s of

ii l
s p r tu a commu n on , f o r the i w i i
ors h p of G O D , the r ow n m u tu al

e d i fic ati on , a n d v f li i i
the p r e s er ation o tr u e r e g on a n d p i n the e ty

C hu r c h o n J( h xx A 19 ;
. C xv i
c ts i i 4 2 , an d xx 7 ; . . I or . An d .

tha t [t hey ou g ht ] i l n ot i
to l ab ou r i n t he r ca lin g s , a c c or d n g t o the
e qi
ty of the
u ora m ll ( x d wi R aw E o . xx . 8, h ch C H I S T c ame
n ot to ab ol s h b u t to i f l fil u .
2

“An
y 15 su ppl i ed in MS i n Min ster Library c opy i t is pr in ted al so
1

by Crosby, i i Appen d i I , p 6 x .

w J
. . .

2
f this an d the precedi n g articl e ith section s 1 7 an d 1 8 i n ohn
.

S mi th s p erson al con tessi on o f fai th,

.

Ex com m u n ican ts ar e n ot to b e
'

v
a oi d ed i n res e ct o f c i il soci e t
p y ( v i l e com mer ci u m
ci v
2
w v
H el wys has h ere b orr o ed erbal l y from ohn S mi th s Char acter of
’
J
an d
We ack n o
the m
w
l edge that accor din g to the preced en t
tI v e c hurches, the S ain ts ou ght u p on the
of
fi C hri s t s d isci pl es
’

w
p r I I rst d ay of the eek ,

216
 Smi th ,
Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
t he m for the y te st y o C H if f R (J h v d f b I ST o n an ther e or e to e

wi v ii
.

u s ed th al l r e er e n c e a s H W d f con ta n n g th e ol y or o GOD

w hi h l c on y is ou r di i i ll i wh v
r e c t on n a th ngs at soe er .
1

24.

T hat mag i s tr a c y is a Ho y O rd l i n an c e of G O D , th at e v er y so u l

o u g ht to b e s u b e ct j to i t, n ot f or fe ar on l y, b u t for i
c o n s c en c e

s ak e . Ma g i s tr a te s a re th e m ii
n s ter s of G OD for ou r w l ea th .

T h ey b e a r n ot t he s w or d f or n o u gh t T h ey ar e th e mi i n st er s

v vil ( xiii
.

of G O D t o ta k e e n g e a n c e on th e m th a t d o e Rom .

vil f m i i
.

T h at i t i s a fear f u l s in d
to s p ea k e o the t h at are i n gn ty
an d d toi v m ( e sp s e ii go W ernh en t 2 Pet . e ou g t to p a y
ib d i
.

tr m d ll
u te , c u s to an a f
o the r u t es T ha t w e are t o p r ay o r
w ld v m v d d m k w
.
,

the m f or GOD ou ha e th e sa e an co e to th e n o
ii
,

l d
e f i
ge o ( T i
h m s tr u th A d 1f h m . b 1 n t he re or e t ey ay e

ii i m i
.

m mb e f C
er s o f th e hu r c h o C H RI S T r e ta n n g th e r ag s tra cy,

for H l O di
no o f G d d b
y r n an cef m b i o o e ar r eth an y ro e ng a

m mb e f R Ch
er o T
CH b h
I ST S
’
w d f urch h ey e ar t e s or o G O D,

w hi h w d l l l w l m i i i i b d f d d d
.

c s or in a a fu ad n s tr a t on s to e e en e an

su p d
p o b
r te v f
y th e s er i v
an ts o GOD th at ar e u n d er t he r go er n

m wi i iv
en t , th th e ll h rh v l di
e s an d a i th a t t ey a e , ac c or ng as n t he
fi i i i f
rst n st H l O di
tu t on o A w v h ld
tha t o y r n an c e nd hosoe er o s

h w l d ( if m lv )
.

ot er m ise u std d
ho t hey un e r s ta n th e se es t h a t th e y
m i ] m i
a g s tr a te s i f h vi l
ar e d f
th e n s t er s o t e De an ther e or e n ot

to b e d f p r a ye vd f i d mi i i
or , n or a p p r o e in an y o the r a n s tr a t on s ,

i l hi
see n g a l td ( i hi ff
n gs t he y d d f di o as pun s ng o en d e r s a n e en ng

th ei r i d b
c ou n tr e s , s ta te , an h w d) i l wf l p er s on s yt e s or s un a u .
2

1
I t is sig n i fican t v vw
th at th ere i s no section g i i n
g hi s ie of the
S c riptu r es I n S mi th s p er son al c on fession
’

2
v w M H
T hi s ar tic l e w as e id en tl y r i t ten byw el wys w i th the fol l o in g
.

passage b y S mi th b efore him Th e en n on i tes r eg ar d e d the hol d in g o f

M g
C hu rch M
pw
a is ter ial offi c e a s i n co m ati bl e

w
.

i t h m embe rsh i p i n the C hri sti an

ag istrates we ack n o l ed e them to b e the
C on c e rn i n g g

m
th ey ar e the
.

v
o r din a n ce o f the Lor d th at e er y sou l ou ght to b e s u b ec t u n to th em , that

w ,j
in i ster s of G od for ou r eal th , that w e ough t to b e sub ect
j
m
u n to th e m fo r c on sci en ce s ak e that th ey are the in i ster s of God to tak e
v v
en g ean c e o n th em that d o e il , tha t we o u h t to
g
,

p ray for them that ar e

i n au tho r i ty : that w e ou gh t n ot t o sp eak ev xl of the m that ar e i n d ig n i ty
v m
accor d in g to t h ese S cr i p tu r es, R o — m
m
n or t o d espise g o e rn men t , b u t to p ay tri bu te tol l cu sto etc , an d that .

13, 1 7 ; 1 Ti 2 2 ; 1 Pet 2,
—5 J v v . . .

13 1 ; 2 P et 2 , 1 0 ; u de
. 8 M B u t of agi stra tes con er ted to the
. .

Fai th an d ad m itted i n to the C hu r ch b y ba pti s m there m ay man y q u estion s

218
 A D e cla r a t i o n o f Fai t h
T ha t i t i s l a wf l i ju n a ust c a u se for t he d ec d ii n g of s tr if
e to ta k e
on o at h b y the n a me of th e LO RD ( H eb . vi . 16 ; 2 C or . i . 23 ;

Ph il . i .

T h at the d e ad s ha l l i i li vi b i
r se a ga n , an d the ng e n g c han g e d in
a m o me n t, ha i n g t he v m b di sab e o es in su s ta n c e , t h ou gh d iv er s

in q li i
ua t es ( I C or . x v 5 d J b xix 5
. 2 an — 38 o . 2 28 ; Lu ke xxi v .

T hat aft e r t he r e s ur r e c t on i all m en s ha ll a pp e ar b e f or e the

j R b j d d
u d g m en t s e a t o f C H i w I ST to e u ge a c c or di ng to t he r o r ks ,

th at dl h ll j lif
the g o y s a l h wi k d b i d m d
e n oy e etern a , t e c e e n g c on e ne

sh ll b
a m d v l
e to r i gl i H l ( M xx v
en te e e r a st n y n e l at . .

A d w t ha t w hav t ul y
n no t d wn fai th and e e r se o ou r

g und th f l t i t b dul y and c nsci nably

ro e r eo ,
e e o o c on

sid d wha t jus t caus t h

e re is t hat p f ssi n and e er e our ro e o ,

w sh uld b mad
e, o di us as w e e so o o e ar e .

b e mad e
wou l d
wW w f
hi ch to an s er n eit fier w i l l w e i w e cou l d , n e ztfier ca n we 2 we
]
h en su ch thi n gs fal l ou t the La w [ q u ery, L or d ] d oub t n ot wi l l
’ '

d ir ec t u s i n to the tr u th c on cer n in g that m atter I n the m ean t im e w e are .

as s u r ed ac co rdi n g to th e S c r i p tu res th a t th e K i n g s of the ea rth shal l a t

l en g th br in g thei r gl ory an d ho n ou r to th e isi bl e Chur ch R ev 2 1 , v . .

Clzar a cter of the B eas t E p is tl e to R ea de r

w
. .

1
C r osb y has r u n ar ticl es 2 4 an d 2 5 tog e th er , an e r ror hich D r
w
U n d erhill fol l o ed i n his Conf ess i on s of F a i th, as he cou l d fin d n o or ig i n al
.

co py of thi s D ecl ara tion

w
.

C om par e the se ar ticl es i th section s 1 9 a n d 2 0 i n S mi th s p er son al

2 ’

c on fess ion of fai th A n te, p 2 02 . . .

w
I n the B ri ti sh Museu m copy this is c orrec ted i n
w
hich to an s er we can n ot i f we ou l d ”
w MS . as fol l o w s
.

219
 C HAP TE R X V
H E L WY S O N R E D E MP T I O N
’
GO D S D E C RE E, G E N E RAL

A N D T H E S T ATE O F I N FA N T S

H E LWY S s n f ll w d p his fi s t x cu si n in t
oo o o e u r e r o o

p in
r b t
y p ublishing an h li tt l v lum in which h ot er e o e, e

d al t m
e t l ng h wi t h
o re a tw ef a u s in his t on e or o e t re

b li f which had b n b i fly t uch d u p n in h

e e ee r e o e o t e

D cla a i n f Fai h T h ligi us a m s ph

e r t o o tf .
”
e re o t o ere o

Ams t dam was dis u b d

er t his im by h at d t r e at t e e e co n

t i ab u p d s inati n and l c ti n and h

r o v er s es o t re e t o e e o t e

n atu f Ch is s d m p iv w k and th x n f i
re o r t
’
re e t e or e e te t o ts
b fi
en e p i
ce n t n H l
o wy f l
e ra t oim p ll d s a
. ch e s e t e e to e r

in h s d p q s i ns and d liv his judgm n t

to t o e ee ue t o to e er e

u op n h m t t h we ld H was
o t c nvince d ha Ch
or is . e o e t t r t
di d f all m and
e or m ly f h l c ;
en n ot e re or t e e e t co n

s qu n ly h s ngl y pp s d h Calvinis ic d c in s
e e t e t ro o o e t e t o tr e

o f p a icula rt l c i and d m p i n I acc danc

r e e t on re e t o . n or e

wi h h g n al b li f f h im h t k i f g an d
t t e e er e e o t e t e, e oo t or r te
t ha h na ativ in G n sis gav an his ical acc un t
t t e rr e e e e to r o

o f h t e igin f man This im p lici t b li f in h b is i

or o . e e t e t or
ci y f Adam giv s an a chaic flav u t h a gum n ts
t o e r o r o t e r e

O f H l wy u p n t h s
e s
p ics Th
o w ld is sl wl
e e y to . e or o

adjus ing i s lf a di ff n b li f as h w man cam

t t e to e re t e e to o e

in b ing b in h ba l b w n d t minism and

to e ,
ut t e tt e et ee e er

f will y nl y hav wid asp c t f h qu s ti ns

r ee ou o e a er e o t e e o

ab u t which Calvinis s and A minians ag l y dis pu d

o t r e er te

2 20
,
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins ,

we h a v A di h i i e. mn
( n wh l
t at tf s a d eep ys ter y a s th e o e tr u th o

G od i ) h m s td de hi
or e n ee i b ha w e to s ear c n to t , tha t y th e g r a c e
o f God mi d
we h fi h
g t fin
f G d h v d
th e d e p t o t so ar as o a th r e e al e

[ ]
i t i i wn h ll m
s or d , a s a
d e n o u g ht to o .
”1

H l wy e v l t d agains t th high Calvinis tic d c t in

s re o e e o r e

t h n in v gu
e in th P t s tan t ci cl s f H lland and
o e e ro e r e o o

E ngland .

T h l hi f
hey th a t f l pi i h ld h o d tG d w ld
s ear u o n on , o t at o ou n ot

ha v mm e so h m e m en ,b li v be
y ,a d t d e os t en to e e e, ut h a th ec r e e

the i dm i Ad
r c on e H l Gh
n a t on
( A x v ii
n ) tho ug h the o y os t s ay c ts , .
30
v wh
.

t h a t n ow d dm Goh m a on i s h e t all en e er y er e to r ep e n t , yet

th ey f hi o i i h ld t s G d h h d
O p n on d t at ho th a t o at ec r e e to r ep r o

b a te m so w l hv b m
e , s ay he A d if
ou d n ot a e all u t so e to r e p e n t. n

th ey w ld ou i l d h l b wix i i h m
s p ea k p l a n y an n ot a t et t op n o n s t ey u st

sa y G d w
th at l v m b
o li v
ou d wi k d
d ha d e so e to e unbe e e r s an c e an

d i b di
so e A en t w . i blnd m I w
t ha t er e t he h ghe s t a sp h e y . t er e

ab o v wi d e t he f f l cke i i n es s o i th e o o th a t s ai th n h s h e ar t ther e s no

G od , f i w or t i Wi d G d h h h d
er e to s ay d ther e s a cke o t at at ec ree

wi k d
c e n ess .
”2

I th judgm n t f H l wy th p ac t ical ff c t s f t h
n e e o e s e r e e o e

d c t in s f p a ticula l c ti n and p bati n w bad

o r e o r r e e o re ro o e re

T his d c t in said h o w k s p sum pti n in m

r e, e, or re o en .

H p t th ma tt in t his w y
e u e er a

fm I b e n c an i i h m lv u t on c e G d g e t a p er s u as on n t e se es t ha t o

h h l
at d m
e e c te the h d th en w k t hey ar e se c u r e , t ey n ee n ot or ou t

t he i lv i wi f
r sa a t on m b li f G d h vi
th d d
e ar an d tr e n g, or o a ng e cr e e

t h me b vd h m b vd
to e sa h
e i t eyd w u st e sa e If t ey n cr ease an gr o

wl d d i i w ll b
.

i
n kn o e ge if h
an g r ace ti i ll s e ut t ey do n ot t s a on e ,

vd d i l fl
,

f ori i d t d s m b
e cr e e th e y h
u st e sa e an th s c au s e t a s oth u ,

l li
c ar e e s s a n d n e g f i gen t p r o e s s on .
” 3

I an th di c ti n H l wy saw t his d c t in t b
n o er re o e s o r e o e

e o
“
mischi v us H says it mak s s m d s pai u tt ly . e e o e e r er

1 S hor t an d
P l a i n e P r oofe T he E pis tl e .
“to all that Wai te for sal va ti on
”
by I esu s C hr i st U n iq u e c opy i n B odl ei an Lib rary
. .

9 i
S g B 3
I bzd
'

2 . . .

222
G en er al B ap t is t s and Par ticula r B a p tis t s
as thin k ing th is g ac f th m and that G d hath er e no r e or e o

d c d th i d t uc ti n A d it ma k s th s d
e r ee e r es r o . n e o er es

p a
ert l y ca
e l ss h lding
re e ha t i f G , d havo d c d t h t y o e e ree e

shall b sav d th n h y shall b sav d and if G d

e e e t e e e , o

hav d c d th y shall b damn d th y shall b damn d

e e ree e e e e e e

and in a d s p a t ca l ssn ss e er h adl ng t

e re e e ru n e o o

d s t uc ti n
e r o .
” 1

W can t ac t th i s u c in H l wy s m
e r e o e r f th o r e e s o e o e

dis tinc tiv id as d a gum n t s which s p a at d E nglish

e e an r e e r e

s p ak ing B a ptis s in t t w cam p s th G n al and

e t — “ o e e er
o

th ePa ticula f w ll nigh 3 y a s S m f th

r r -
or e 00 e r . o e o e

v y ph as s and p a ty wa tchw ds in t h c n t v sy
er r e r or e o ro er

mak th i ap p a anc in his p ag s L t

e e r e r x am p l
e e . e on e e e

s tand f all A ft qu ting man y Sc i ptu al p ass g s

or . er o r r a e

t p v t ha t Ch is t s su ff ings w su ffici n t t t ak
’
o ro e r er e re e o e

away A dam s sin and t su pp t th d c t in f g m l

’
o or e o r e O en e

re d m p ti n H l wy p c ds
e o ,
e s r o ee

Wh ll
at s ha d ll we m n ee d f
to i
a ege an y or e g r ou n s o s cr p tu r e

to p v ro h e C h it h
at h d m dr st ll m dat rew ld ee e a en an t ha t h e ou

h v a e mno i T an m p er s h fi O h he se ay suf ce . h, t at t h ey
mi h l ld m l
.

ffi
g t s u ce ! W h at g ad n e s s s h ou co e to o u r s ou s to see

m b
e n tra c t a l ymi d d b mi m lv
n e W
to su f t th e se es to th e or d o T r u th ,
wi h ch vi d
is so e ipi b i f m
e n t in th yf s i Gd o nt . F ar e t ro an e ar n g o

ih f f w d i mi d p b i i
,

e t er o a or ar or n e gl g en t n to a ss y th s g r e a t p o n t,

th o u gh h nd l d b a w m b
-
e y so fw i x i
ea k e an s , y r ea son o h c h e c e ed ng

w e ak n e s s we l f ll d i
ar e n o t a b e f l di v to th e u es re o ou r s o u s to sco er

th d e h fep t m o f i iq i
the i
ys t er y o n i i f i l u ty n th s op n i o n o P art c u ar

El i d
ec t on an b i d f
R ep r o at on a n i l dm i so o P ar t c u ar Re e pt on , n or to
s h w f
o o r th
h m t e f li i
gr e a t ys te r y d h l o g od n e s s n th e tr u e an o y
un d di
e r s tan f U iv ng ol h nl d mp i f l l b y
er s a or t e G e n er a Re e t on o a
” 2
Ch i r s t.

Whil adv cating this d c t in H l wy s ugh t t

e o o r e e s o o

gua d agains t th cha g f h lding th d ct in f F

r e r e o o e o r e o ree
1 S ig B 2 , v er so
. .

3
Z, S ig B 4
S izor t an d P l a in e P r oo/ '
. .

2 23
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

Will as dina ily nd s t d which m usually th gh t

or r u er oo ,
en ou

must n ds f ll w t his und s tanding f univ sal

ee o o er o er

re d m p ti n Th d c t in f F e Will was in bad

e o . e o r e o re

o d u in th ligi us ci cl s f th t im and h li ttl

o r e re o r e o e e, t e e

g u p f b li v s u d H l wy s n t d th cha g f
ro o e e er n er e s re e e e r e o

fav u i g it A cc dingly th is a n t in black l tt

o r n . or e re o e, e er ,

on t h las p ag
e f his li tt l b k di c t d agains t th s
t e o t e oo re e o e

wh o mad th accusa ti n I f th i m aning says

e e o e r e ,

H l wy
e w f will in Ch is and that w hav f
s, e re re e r t e e ree

p ow and
er abili t y t h ugh Ch is t t w k salva
ro r o or out ou r

t i n and t ha t t h ugh Ch is t w
o , mad abl t v y
ro r e ar e e e o e er

g d w k such a f will w h ld B t that man hath

oo or r ee e o . u

an y f will r ee
p w in hims lfort w k his o w er e o or o n

salvati n t ch s lif w u tt ly d ny havin g l a n d

o or o oo e e e er e , e r e

o f th A p s t l
e Eph s o 8 9 t ha t b y g ac m
e, e . II .
, ,
r e en are

sav d th ugh fai th and t/ t t f th ms lv s b t f

e ro za no o e e e u o

th gift f G d
e t f w ks l st
o o y
,
man sh
no uld b as
o t or e an o o

hims l f I his p ini n man had f d m t sis t and

e .
”
n O o r ee o o re

re ej c salva ti n and w k d wnwa d b t all his succ ss

t o or o r ,
u e

on th u p wa d p a h mus t b asc ib d in t h
e r las t s t
t e r e e re o r

to th g ac e and h l p f G d Thus Ch ist ff ing

r e e o o . r o er

hims lf man hat h p w and d oth j ct Ch is t p t th

e ,
o er re e r ,
u e

w d f G d f m him sis t th H ly Gh s t and f ly

or o o ro ,
re e o o re e

o f his w will w k his w

o n c nd mnat i n ; b t h
,
or o n o e o u e

hath p w t w k his w salva ti n A d much

no o er o or o n o . n so

o nl y t l a u s lv s f m that g ss and f a ful

o C e r o r e e ro ro e r e r r or

o f f re ewill f m th which th L d in g at m cy
ro e e or re er

hath f d us ree .
” 1

B f w ak
e or e l e f t his b i f t a t is w m y
t e ou r e av e o r e re e e a

n ti that H l wy d dicat d it t th ladi B

o ce e s e e o e e ov v e s .

H p bably had s m p s nal acquain t anc wi th h

e ro o e er o e er ,

P l a i n e P r oqfl , fi n em
1 ’
67107 1 an d
'
aa .

224
 C H A P TE R X VI

H E LV Y S V
AN D T HE —
ME N N O N I TE S A N AD ERTI S E V
ME N T TO THE N E W F RY E S E R S — T H E Q U E S TI O N

O F S U CC E S S I O N

issuing his sh t and plain p f that all m

A FT E R or ro o en

a re d m d by Ch is t and
re ee infan s c nd mn d
e r no t o e e ,

H l wy
e t ab u t t h w k f p ublishing a li t l t a is
s se o e or o t e re t e

which h had d awn p f h s p cial p u p s f

e r u or t e e r o e o

enligh ning th M nn ni t s
te c ain p in ts ab u t
e e o e on e rt o o

which h h ugh h y d T h w k was c m p s d

e t o t t e e rr e . e or o o e

in E nglish b a t ansla i n in Du ch was p cially

, ut r t o to t S e

w i n f h b n fi t f h M nn ni mi is t s and
r t te ou t or t e e e o t e e o te n er

c ng ga i ns H l wy d si d t d fin his p si ti n
o re t o . e s e re o e e o o

wi h s p c t h s A naba p is c ng ga i ns and p
t re e t o t o e t t o re t o re

v n y has ty id n ifica i n f his w f ll w s wi th

e t an e t t o o o n o o er

th m A fai py f his w k b ing mad f h p

e . r Co o or e e or t e ur

p s f
o e ot ansla i n th idr a s ms hav p s n ttd iot s lf ,
e e ee to e re e e e

to him f publishing i in p in A cc dingl y h

o t r t . or t er e
“
cam t A A dv is m n
e ou A dm ni i n un t
n h e rt e e t or o t o o t e

C ng ga i ns which m c ll th N w F y
o re t o in h en a e e r e se r s
1
t e

L w o C un t i s w i t n in Du tch and p bl i h d in
e o r e ,
r t e e u c e

E nglis Wh in is handl d 4 P i ip l l p in t s f
. er e e r nc a o e o

R ligi n
e o

I i l fM i h i
T ha t C hr
i st took h s F e sh o ar e , av n g a tr u e ear thl y

i
.

n a tu r all b od e .

1
w T hi s
w or d x
b een r ead as F r yel ers The R ev Al e an d er
has u sual l y
G or d on p oi n ted ou t the er ror hich arose from m isr ead i n g a b rok en l etter
. .

w
The or d in d i cates the n ew Fr isi an A n ab aptists .
.

226
T he N ew F r isian A nabap t is t s W a r n ed
“2 . T h at a S abb ath or d ay of r es t i s t o be kep t ho y ev er l i i e F r st

d ay of the w e ek e .

3 . T h a t th er e i s no S u c c es s i on n or pr iv l i e ge t o p e r s on s i n
bo li ie th n gs

4 T h at m agi s tr a c i e , b e i n g an l i
ho y or d n an c e of G od , d eb arr eth
i
n ot a n e from b e i n g of th e C h u r c h of C hri s t P ri n t e d 1 6 1 1
. .

We m ay l e t fa y p is tl in this c s als
the p re t or e e a e o

s p ak f i ts lf I is add ss d t H ans d R i s
e or e
“ t re e o e e
. ,

R ynie Wyb t er and th c ng gati ns wh f

ran so n e o re o e re o

t hy e and p ns as f ll ws
ar e ,
”
o e o o

H vi l d i d
a ng on g li es r ei i i
to p u b sh ou r F a th u n to th s n at on ,

an d i l
in p ar t c u h ar i w
u n to t os e (
c on g r e g a t on s h er e of you ar e as
we v f m l
ha e or y d o n
er e to o u i
r ) l m o wn N at on an d a s o to a ke

kn o w n w i
the thin g s her e n you i d i an d w e d ffer an ar e o p po s te .

W e vha e n ow m G d
t hr o u g h t h e b er c y o f o t h u s f ar r o u g h t o ur

d esi res i l
to p a ss b e n g i fi d on i fii y u n s at s e for our n s u f c en c y that w e
ar e n o b bl m i
ette r a e to an fe s t yo u r err or s u n to y o u .
”

H l wy p c ds
e s giv h g unds and caus s
ro ee to e t e ro e

which l d him p ublish th w k O

e to as n as h e or . ne re o e

p u t s i was t :

That w e mi ght t hr ou gh h e gr a c e o G o
t f i d (f y
our w lli
i ng
mi ) i m
n d s b e th e r e u n to b e n s tr u en ts o f g o o i
u n to yo u h e r e n , a n d
d
v i m
t he r ath er b ec au s e yo u h a e b e en n s tr u en ts o f g oo d i n d i s
co v div e ri n g wi
er s o f o u r er r or s u n t o u s , wl h ch we ac k n o ed g e to th e
p r ai f
se o wi G od l
an d th t h an k fu h e a r ts to you .
”

A d h c nclud s his p is l in h s w ds
n e o e t e t e t e e or

“ Thu s we i d( d f
a r e c on s tr a n e f for th e
f G e en c e o th e tr u th o od

w p r ofe ss , an d t h at w e
e m ay n ot s ee m j i
to u st fy you i n you r e l s vi
an d t o m w v d
a k e i t k n o n u n to all th at w e ha e g o o i m
c a u s e to d ff e r fr o

) li i
you to p u b sh th e s e th n g s i n th s i m
an n e r a s we d
o A n d tha t .

it m a y a p p ear ll i un to ai , an d h v
n your c on s c e n ces , that w e a e

s tron g d g r ou n i w i di f m
s for the s e th n gs h er e n we ffe r r o you t h o u g h
m i
,

we b w k i e ea n f m
th e f ll
a n t e n an c e o th e . I a n y s ha O pp o se

p art or f all o wi d i
t ha t i s h er e i q l id r tt e n w e es r e th s e ua k n n ess ,

h
t at t i m b v i
ay li h f l l u d
e s et o er n to di
Eng s or a ou r n er stan n gs a s

227
 Smi th ,
Helw ys and B ap tis t Origins
w e ha v e c a us e d th i s to b e s et o v i h f
er ll A d
n to D u tc or a your s . n

i f th e r e b e c a u s e of r e p l y we wi l b li G d w
y the a s s s ta n c e of o an s er

wi h t al l th e i i w wi
ab l ty her e th G o d s ha ll m a k e u s a b l e F a r e you .

w l el P ea c e v wi an d l o e th fai th fr om G od an d fr o m o ur L or d

i wi i
.

J es u s C hr st b e m th all the t ha t ar e i n C hr st J es u s . Am en

T HO M AS H E L VVY S .

w uld b t di us t f ll w H l wy in all hi a gu
It o e e o o o o e s s r

m n ati n u p n h f u s p cial p i ts h
e t o o t e o r e o n e s et ou t to
handl in his b k b t th
e ts m p assag s in i oo , u e re a re o e e t
t ha hav t f c his la i ns wi h Smi h and th s
e r e e re n e to re t o t t ,
o er

t hat h l p us a pp cia t his w p si i n m cl a l y

e to re e o n o t o or e e r ,

which will b a qu ta i n A th l a i n by h s e r o t o . s to e to er t o t e e

Anaba p is s M nn ni s f diff nc s f p ini n ab u t

t t or e o te o e re e o O o o

t h p s n f J sus h say s
e er o
“ Y
hav [s m ] am ngs t
o e e ou e o e o
, ,

y ou ha d n t
y Ch is t hav aek n fl sh f Ma y s m r t to e t e e o r ,
o e

h lding hat h b ught i f m h av n and s m t

o t e ro t ro e e o e no

k w m g f m wh nc h b ugh t i b h which d s
no ro
y e e e ro t, ot e tr o
h fai h f Ch is t T his h n is y u g a t sin
” 1
t e t O r . t e o r re

t ha y t su ff man ou
y am ngs y ha main
er ain o t ou t t t
a fals fai h c nc ning wh Ch is t had his fl sh
e t o er er e r e

and y a pp v and all w f s m tha h ld and

ou ro e o o o e t o

main tain fai th c nc ning wh Ch is had his

no o er e re r t
fl sh d d y app v and main ain th m in
e ,
“

an so o ou ro e t e

t h i sin f
e r wha s v y h lds main tains
,
or f t oe e r an o or n ot o

fai h is sin A d t b ign an f y pa t f that th

t . n o e or t o an r o e

Sc i ptu s ha h manif s d is sin and d min

r re t e te , to e te r e to
re main ign an and c inu un h d is
or t so to on t e to t e en

d a h f wi th u t p n anc y sin is d ath as th

e t ,
or o re e t e an on e e e

ap s l Jam s sh w h Jam s
o t e e e et . e 2,
2

Wi h ga d t th igh and p w f y c m pan y f

t re r o e r t o er o an o o

1
A n Adv er t i semen t, etc. , p 8 . .

9 J oel l , p 1 6 .
.

228
 Smi th H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

h v l
a e d h m
e ar n e h wi
t e ,m ot b b p i d
er se ll th ey u s t n ot e a t ze at a .

A d n fur th er th at m m b f den l u st e d
or c e to ea r n you r l an gu ag e an

so il
un t the p oor i i pl C i d sc w d l w hm
es of hr s t, t h at ou l f ol o i

( E li
ng h m
s en or i )
an y k
ot h er n at o n c an sp ea D u tc h th ey ar e

d e b ar r e d f m ro l di t h e h o y or fG d m f lv
n an c e s o
,

od a n th e ea n s o sa a

t i on b yith s l — f lm
you r r u e i iq i H b
a fe a r u ys ter y of n u ty y you
er e

h wi
.

h v w
a e r o u g ht d suc m c ke d b n e ss a on g s t u s, an r ou ght s u ch

d l i
e s o a t on u p on h us l fG
t e p oor v p op e o
e o d , as w e ha e ca u s e to
wi sh i
th a t h n w fl d fw
our e a ds d er e w oo s o a t er an our e ye s er e

f i f
ou n ta n s o mi
t e ar s , tha t w e m l i i ght p ou r ou t a c o p a n t ag a n s t
you , f or i th sb mi i wi
you r a o v
n a t on w b h c h you h a e s e t u p , her e y
yo u v w
ha e r ou g ht s uc h
d i d i i Ch f G e str u c t o n an ru n n th e ur ch o od ,

s ee ki ng ll i d w b ild p
to p u t o lv H b h v
n to u uyou r s e es er e y a e you
l ifi d i
.

g or e yC
o ur d hu r c h i an Q k
s e t h e r u p to s t a s a u ee n , ta ng

u n to yo u r s v ll w d
e l es a i p o v
er han h au thor ty, ye a , e en to s ut t e

g ate s o f Hthe Ci d
ol y H v l J ty an lm i h th e ea en y er u sa e say n g t at

i O !
,

n on e m b
ay e n t e r b ut y you r ld
a u thor ty . h tha t yo u c ou s ee

your gr eat i i d h l m b l vil

s n h er e n an t h v e a en t a e e that you a e

w r ou ght.

W er e i ll th s a i w ou r ll w oe h b t h v er e a t fu en ou g ut yo u a e

hi i i i
,

by t s yo u r i gr e abt s n M y t h e e n n on te s n s s te n c e u p on

th e d i f
oc tr n e i ] b h
o S u c ce s s vil p
on r ou g t a fu r the r e u on us

than m k
to a em o urji v en e ies r e o ce o er us, s a yi n g ,
‘
Th er e ,
S w v i f v md ’
th ere l d w e ha f i d
’
ou l ha
‘
o e t, or you e a e ou r r en s

ou r e n e mi es , f m il i
ye a o uf i d wi
r w m
a ar k w r en s th ho w e t oo s e et

l dw
,

c oun se an en t f G A d
to g e ther to the hou s e o od . n su c h is
th e mien b w ix
ty et d h m (w t f
u s an v b t if
e h er e o you h a e e e n c h e
i n s tr um ) en t i as v h t v d w il
can ne fer l iv a e en h st an y o u s e,

mi w hi b w
,

f or it
i s t h at en ty d ch h t h e L or
d f p u t e t een t e see o th e
wm o an an d th e
d f h s ee wih hv o t d i
e s e r p en t , h c c an a e n o en n

t h m xe e c ept f ll i we m d
a i
n to th e i
sa e e s tr u c t on . F or t her e s no

p l ace to p re b f
en ta n ce f i
to e i ou n d or th e r t r a n s gr e s s on for t hey
w li v l if
,

e r e o n c e en d gh te n e
d d d f an ha t a s te o th e h e a en y g t a n d
w mder e a k
e f h H
p a r ta er s h o d h d
t e d f ol y G os t , an a t a s te o t he
g oo d w d fG d d or o o w f w d
an of m
the p o er s o t he d or l to co e an

are f ll a w
en a i im
ay . i It s l b wdb
p o s s b l e th ey sho u d e r en e e y
r ep en ta n c e , i s ee n g if i th e y m lv cr u c S y f ag a n t o t he se es th e on o

G d o d m k
an m a hi m ( H
e a vi
oc k o f eb . .
4 , 5,
1

1
A n A dv er t isemen t , etc , pp 3 3 , 34 . . .

230
F o r m er Vi ew s Changed o f S mi th n ow

N ow wh to S ho ow th ey
d Fi w
M J h li
er e on c e e n g hten e r s t, r o n

i l d h bl d f
ll
.

w
.

Sm (
yth up o n l l
h os e h e ah p t he ) oo o a t s eop e s ha e

h h b
at i y h f i i
s p r o e s s on d b w d n a l l hi
d i i i
s p r a ct c e , an y or an n h s

w i i wi
,

sun d ry r t h fn gs f th m d
s uc f
or c e o ar g u en t an s tr en g th o

p i
rote s ta t on , w i h d f ht ( h i w
gr ou n i i w ) m
o tr u t as s r t n g s s he an i

d hi m l f li
,

te s te b se d w h hi
to e h f G d
en g hte n e
T it t s tr u t o o
‘
hat
wh v i Ch i
,

d thr ee h t og e t her
’
e r e soe er tw o or ar e g a t er e n to r st s

na m h
e, tCh i er e h h p mi d b i
r st h mi dat f h mro se to e n t e st o t e

(M a ttx viii d . f h an h p pl t her e G d or e d t e y ar e t e eo e of o an

vi i Ch i di
.

C hu r c h f C i o hr s t, d ll i
ha ng r gh t to r s t an a h s or n an ces ,

an d d
n ee k m
n ot s e e b d mi d to l i b
en to e a tt e t o th e h o y t h n gs , ut

m ayf l w k
r ee y i al f G d
t og e t he r d j ll ln t he w a y o o an e n oy a ho y
hi F m i h f G d wh wi h h th li h d was
’
t n gs ro s tr u t o o er e t e en g ten e
f ll w d f S vi Ch i ih
.
, ,

is he a d i en en y n g th e or o ou r a ou r r s t th at s a t

v ld
, ,

Wh e r e s oe er h
tw o or t hr ee
d ar e g a t er e d , an ho eth

t h at h fit e r st two h or d h
thr ee that h v l ar e g at er e t o ge t er a e on y
r i h
g t to Ch i d ll r st a n di d h a f hi sll m or m n an c e s , an t at a ter a en u st

co m
e to t h m ii e w d f Ch i w i h
, r es tr a n n g th e l or s o r s t, h c are g e n er a
to w
an y h
t o or l fit r ee , o n y d
t o t h e h rst tw o or th r e e , an s o h at

s et p u a i i
su c c e s s o n w h i h h h h f m
a g a n st l b lth e
l c e at or er y y a

w d wii
or s, r d p
t i
n gs , an im l f w i h ll d i
r ac t c e s et d h se t a ete s ta t on ; an

t hi ms li k l m h
an , e l d wi h
Ba aa d b h p
h at c on s u te t you an at ut a

mb li g b l k b f l f Gd w l
,

s tu n hoc e or e t e eo
p p e o o , w ho er e a so

en li h g ten e d d m, an k w f l l w i h him
s o ar e an y, a s you no , a en t to
h
t e m i
sa d
e s n an d h m d mun i er t e sa e c on e n at on .
” 1

H l wy p in t s
e s t t ha t o M J ou r . a rv a se on e

f th l ading m mb s f Smi t h s c m p any wh had

’
o e e e er o o ,
o

su ff d much f th t u th had g n fu th than Smi th

e re or e r ,
o e r er

in this di c ti n and was w x claiming agains t t h

re o , no e e

M nn ni t s succ ssi n and t iving t build p th

e o e
’ “ e o S r o u e
,

succ ssi n f R m O th p in ts
e o o o ins tanc d in
e.
”
er o are e

w hich H l w y t h ugh t t ha t his ld l ad

e s o had d s t d o e er e er e

th t u th b t w hav qu t d t su ffici n t l ng th t sh w
e r ,
u e e o e a e e o o

1A n A dv er t i sem en t , pp 3 5, 3 6
2 v
I ha e t raced n o l ess than thr ee con temporary G er vase N evil es
. .

con n ec ted i th N otts w

On e was i n sti tu ted as Re ctor of Gro e i n that
. v
c ou n ty on S e ptember 2 1 , 1 6 1 1 .

231
 S m i th Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igin s
,

h w wid and d p th
o e ift b tw n th m had b c m
ee e r e ee e e o e,

and h w bi tt w th p ach s cas t u p n Smi h by

o er er e e re ro e o t
his l d ass ciat
o o e .

A t th d f this b k H l wy ins t d
e en o
“c tain oo e s er e er

d mands c nc ning G d s d c
e o er f salva t i n and o
’
e re e o o

c nd mnati n Th y w add ss d t all th m s t

o e o .
” 1 “ e ere re e o e o

w hy G v n s L a n d T ach s and G dl y p pl
ort o er or ,
e r e e er ,
o eo e

f l l s t a t s and c ndi t i ns in h s Uni t d P vinc s

”
o a e e o o t e e e ro e ,

and w in t nd d t ma k t a sh t and asy w y f

er e e e o r ou or e a or

s t ling th v x d qu s ti ns in dis pu t b t w n Calvinis ts

e t e e e e o e e ee

and A minians A ft than k fully ac kn wl dging th

r . er o e e

re ligi us lib ty all w d in H lland H l wy p c d

o er o e o ,
e s r o ee

W mb l
e hu v y h m
cra wi h f v
e n ow , d d t at we ay t a o ur an g oo
a c cep tan c e hi C i iu se t lib s f hr s t an d er ty th u s ar a s t o p rop ou n on e

gr o u nd f li i
o fq
R e g o n b y way i dd m d A d d b o u e st on a n e an n we ou t
i l i
.

n ot t( h f
r ou g h th e g r a c e o
G d ) b i b d f h
o ut t e ng t hor o u gh y an a t
f l d b
ul y d
e d i db
a te an
y t h edg wi d l d i wi l p
tr
o l y s e an
e e ar n e , t l ut

l
a s h or t e n d t o t h a t i v d
on g c on t n u e d c on tr o e r sy o f G o
-
l ’
s e te r n a

f li f lv i d i ”
dec ree o e an d d e a th t o s a a t on an m
c on d e n at o n .

H th n p c e ds t
e e t d wn nin
ro e qu s ti ns th o se o e e o , e

main bj c t f which was t vindicat th A lmigh ty

o e o o e e

f m th cha g f b ing th caus f y man s damna

ro e r e o e e e o an
’

t i n T h las t qu st i n sums p th wh l
o . e e o u e o e

Ad m h v i a fa will d p w f m G d
ng then ree d b an o er ro o in an y
hi i
s cre at on d li v h
to ob ey a n i ib l b i d G d e, ow c a n t p os s y e sa t ha t o

i
n i h l d d d im
s et er n a e cr e e m d m
e c r ee i h or an y an t o c on e n a t on P 2

T h sublim c nfid nc
e e f H l wy in his abili y t
o e e o e s t o

s ttl this qu s ti n was cha ac t is tic f th man Hi

e e e o r er o e . s

int p si ti n in th f ay b tw n R m ns t an t s and
er o o e r e ee e o r

Calvinis ts did t ch c k in th l a t th nwa d sw p

no e e e s e o r ee

1
Ti tl e page of A dv er t i semen t, etc
-
.

2
A n A dv er ti semen t , p 8 9 S ig F 5 . . . .

2 32
 S m i th ,
H el w ys and Ba p t is t Or igins
w ill b
, utf we ou n d hi m to ho d l so m an y other h orrib ile O p n i on s

w i h
her e n e wa s so ob s ti n ate , as we ha d no f i h
a t v
to h a e an y

f u r th er wi him
c on fer e n ce th .
”

Th w s m t pics th f which H l wy f l t
er e er e o e o , e re ore , e s e

i t inadvisabl t discuss and f m a full c nsid a t i n f

e o ,
ro o er o o

which h sh an k e r .

2 34
 C HA P TE R X V I I
TH E L AS T DA YS AN D THE LA S T B O OK OF JO HN
S MI T H — HI S CO N F E S S I O N O F F A I T H

THE lif f J hn Smi th was w d awing t a cl s

e o o no r o o e .

I t had b n a s t nu us t im a lif full f incid n t full f

ee re o e, e o e ,
o

s p i i t ual and in t ll c tual ac ivi y H was p bably nly

r e e t t . e ro o

ab u t f y y a s l d y t th flam f lif b gan flic k

o or t e r O , e e e o e e to er

In h s ck t
t e H a p p il y h had gain d p ac
o e . f mind e e e e o

and anquili ty f s ul and his s t ang ca

tr o nd d in a o ,
r e re e r e e

re s tful calm W hav li l glim ps f his b a ing

. e e on e tt e e o e r

in his las t y a f m th hand f a h s il w i e r, ro e o o t e r t er .

Ch is t ph L w c m p laini g f h v b a ing
r o er a n e, o n o t e o er e r

mann f F ancis J hns n wh m h sc nfull y calls

er o r o o ,
o e or
“S F ancis c n t as t s th dis si t i n f t h S a a o o o
. r , p o p r e o er e r

tist l ad s t J hns n s disadvan ag

e er o o o
’
t e .

M S mi
aster i m lf d th wi 1
d h f se , thou g h r u n ken th the r eg s o

e r r or a nd i (
s tr a n g ei d w
p ha n tas es the b e g n n in g an gr ou n d h e r eof h e
v
b o ast e th to h a d m e i)
su ck e fr o hi s t u tor S F r a n c s , y e t i s h e i n hi s .

dém
’

i
e a n ou r n oth n g s o
d d l h a u ghty an d pr ou as hi s T u tor ec ar es

hi m l se f .
”

T his indica t s his W ins m and a t ac iv manne o e t r t e er .

H had b n inclin d t c nsum pt i n b f

e ee
“ h cam e o o o e or e
2
e e

t f E ngland and th dis as w d v l p d t such

”
ou o e e e no e e o e o

e
“
an x t n t that h p c iv d hat his lif sh uld t l ng
e e er e e t e o no o

Lawn e s P r ophan e S cizi sme, 1 6 1 2 , p 64

1 ’
. .

Brad ford s S u m of a D i a l og u e, etc

’
1 64 8 ,
’
11
. i n Y ou n g s Clzr on zcl es .
P 4 51

2 35
 Smi t h H el w ys and B a p tis t Or igins
,

Co e .
“
n tinu B y this tim h was p ac tising p h ysic as a e e r

m ans f living and w uld b w ll awa f his c i tical

e o o e e re o r

c ndi i n S ill h w k d b av ly t th d A
o t o . t e or e on r e o e en . s

H l wy had d awn p a D cla a t i n f Fai t h f

e s r his u e r o o or

c m pan y and t h M nn i s had d aft d a Sh t

o ,
e e on te r e or

C nf ssi n f th guidanc f h E nglish als

o e o
”
or e e o t e ,
so o

Smi h m pl y d hims lf in t h last y a f his lif in

t e o e e e e r o e

o
“
c m p iling a s i s f p p si t i ns and c nclusi ns er e o ro o o o o c on

c ning h Ch is tian l igi n which mb di d t h

er t e r re o
”
e o e e

C nf ssi n f Fai th f t h b dy f E nglish A nab p is ts

o e o o o e o o a t
wh adh o d t him ere o .

H was als e gag d in w i ing a li t l b k in which

o en e r t t e oo

h b i fl y su v y d h s v al c n t v si s in which h
e r e r e e t e e er o ro er e e

had b n c nc n d I this w k h t ac t d l l
ee o er
“ e . n or e re r e a

th s bi ting and bi tt w ds ph as s and s p ch s ”

o e er or ,
r e ee e

which h had us d agains t th Pu i ans f E ngland and

e e e r t o ,

as f his c n t v si s wi h f ll w S pa atis ts h
or o ro er e t e o e r e

e x p ss d th vi w tha t h had f il d t i th ma tt
re e e e e a e no n e er

u
“
b t in t h mann f w i ing e H mb di d in this er o r t .
”
e e o e

t at is a b i f and
re e m p a answ t h p v ca iv
r e te er te er o t e ro o t e

cha g s and im p u ta i ns laid agains t him by H l wy in

r e t o e s

his D cla a ti n f Fai th f 6 Smi h had d n

e r o o
”
o 1 1I . t o e

n hing i w i ing hi th
ot n
“
agains t Mas t H lwy
r t e rt o
”
er e s

his s p ati n b t h w f l t b und t tak n tic f

e ar o ,
”
u e no e o o e o e o

w h t had b
a
p ublish d a g ains t h i
ee n m f m t ha t qua t e ro r er.

I w uld s m t ha t Smi t h l ft his w k unfinish d

t o ee th e or e at e

t im f h i d a th
e o Hi f i nds p ublish d i s n af
s e . s r e e t oo t er
r
“
wa ds und h t i l T h las t b k f J hn Smi th
er t e t e e oo e o o ,

call d th t ac tati n f his

e e re r and h c nfi mati n o o e rr o u rs t e o r o

f th t u h I t was ins t d aft h C nf ssi n

”
o e r t . f er e er t e o e o o

Fai h and th was pp d d t it what is call d Th

t e re
“ a en e
/

o e e

L if and d a h f J hn Smi h giving

e e t t w d t ails
o o t , on e o r o e

2 36
 Smi th H el wys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

lif and d ath att ach d t it C tt n f s t it in a

e e
”
e o . o o re e r o

st i k i g p assag R g Williams had d cla d his

r n e . o er e re

g a t s ns f p ac and satisfac ti n sinc h had n t d

re e e o e e o e e e e re

u p n th A nabaptis w y C tt n j ins it is
o e
“ w t a . o o re o no ne

t hing wi t h Sa t an t t ansf m hims lf in t an ang l f o r or e o e o

ligh t and ch th s ul wi th fals p ac and flash s

to ee r e o e e e e

f c un t f i t c ns la t i n H giv s th cas f Smi h

”
o o er e o o o . e e e e O t
as an x am p l e e

d w f l i h m m y f M S mi h l ’
S d a an oe u s t e e or o r. t s s tr on g c on s o a

ti on i d
on b d w hi h i
h s l i
eath - d e c s s et as a s ea to h s gr os s an

d m bl A m i im d i m d liv d i h C
,

a na e r in an s an e n t hu s a s e er e n t e on

f i f i
e s s on o i fi x d h y f hi lif d d h
h s F a th p r e e to t e s t or o s e an ea t .
” 1

Th s illuminating w ds t nl y v al C tt n s ’
o e or no o re e o o

t mp b t als indica t tha t h had acc ss t a

,

e e r, u o py f e e e o Co o

Smi h s c nf ssi n O b h sid s f th A lan tic h n

t
’
o e o . n ot e o e t t e ,

t his w k was f d b t v y c py s m d t hav

or re er r e t o, u e er o ee e o e

p erish d A t leng t h P
. f ss M t ll f und a Du t
e ch ro e or
'

I er o

v si n f his C nf ssi n f Fai th in manusc i p t am ng

er o o t o e o o r o

t h a chiv s
e r f t h Wa t land e M nn ni Chu ch t
o e er er e o te r a

A ms t dam erH mad an x c ll n t t ansla i n n

. e e e e e r t o I to

E nglish and c mmunica t d i t

"1
D B E vans Sh t l y
o e to r. . . or

af wa ds at n i n was call d t a p in d py
te r r te t o e o r te Co

in th Y k Mins L ib a y in a uniqu li ttl v lum

e or t er r r e e o e

c n taining Smi th s L as t B k and th b i f

o
’
oo e r e

acc n t f his lif and d ath T his was p in t d by

ou o e e . re r e

M R b t B a clay in 8 76 H i w k has l g b n
r. o er r 1 . s or on ee

ou t f p in t
o Th va ia t i ns b t w n t h Du t ch manu
r . e r o e ee e

sc ri pt and th p int d c py slight b t significan t and

e r e o ar e u

will b indicat d in th n t s
e e e o e .

1 C otton
H
P er secu ti on
’
s w Lett er e x am i n ed
f
a n s er d Kn ol l ys S oc i e ty, 1 8 4 8 ,
an d
i n Til e B l oody Ten en t
8
an s er e d o

p 3 9
v
2 P r i n ted i n
.

p E an s E a r ly B a t ists , 1 86 2 , i , p 2 7
5
’
.
.

.
.

238
 “T HE CON FES S I O N OF FA Y TH P U BLI S HED IN

CER T A Y N C O N CLUS I O N S

BY T HE

RE MAY N D ERS OF MR . S MI T HES CO MP AN Y

ll w i w
T he fo o ng or k is r e fer r e d
to b y ohn Rob n s on u n d e r th e J i
ab ov il H he tt e. e i
a d a p r n te d c op y b efor e hi m He a so a u d e s l ll
mi i
.

i
to t M as r . S t h s C o n fe s s o n
’
T he o n l y k n o n c op y h a s n o
. w
l b i
ti t e p a ge a n d e g n s ab r u p t l wiy th an e p s t e i l to th e r ea d er . T he
q i f m
u ot at o n s ro i
S c r p tu r e f ll w o o th e G e n e v V i
an er s on in
the m ai n .

T HE E P I S T L E T o T HE RE A DR E

C on s d er i i ng t h at all m e an s for m en , to
an d hel p s a r e n ec e s s ary

p r o ovk e t h e m t i
o t he p ra c t c e o f r e l g on , a n d ob e d en c e o f th e ii i
il
tr u th , es p ec a l y i n th s atter a g e o f th e i l
or d , h e n o u r S a our w l w vi
i w
C h r s t i tn e s s eth th a t b e c a u se o f t he b o u n d n g n u ty th e o e i i iq i lv
l
o f man y s ha l w ax c o d , l wi
h c h ap p ea r e th too m an fe s t i n thes e i
d ays v
T he r e for e w e h a e thou ght g ood to m an fe s t u n t o th e e i
i f ( J mi ) ii
.

( g oo d r e a d er ) the m a n n er of t he l fe o oh n S th r e ma n n g

i m Am d m i H l l i d im f
,

for a t e at ste r a n o an d , an d ho w h e c arr e h s el

in hi s i v
s c kn e s s , We en v
u n to hi s d e a th . h er e u n to we ha e

x m l l f i f f wi li l
an n e ed a s a i wi
c on e s s on o ai th : th a tt e tr e a t se h ch he
wi lr t n ot on g ii l b bi d
b e for e hi s d ea th , d es r n g tha t i t s hou d e p u l sh e
u n to w d
th e or l i w
; i n th e r e a d n g
b h er e of w e e s e e c h t h ee to c a s t
a w ay j i
p r e l d wi
u d c e, a n d b e n ot for est al e d th the s u pp o s e err or s

he dl b my h i wi or wi v
u s , n or th t h e c e n s ur e of o th e r , h ch ha e

m lv i j i
,

thr u st the se m f
es too f ar n to t he r oo o G o d , to u d ge th n gs

b efor e t he t im b l i e ut wi tr y a d l th n g s , an d ta k e t ha t h ch i s g oo
an d i i
n tr y l v w i wl
n g, p u t on i o e, h ch i l teac h the e to n te r p r e t al l
th i i n gs n t h e b est p ar t , an d the
b i r at h er , ec a u s e t h at t o t ake th n g s

in the vil e p a r t i f
s t h evil mi d v
p p
ro e r ty o b an e n . E en a s the ee

an d i d mi b
sp er c o flw ng oth tod on e o er , the on e ta keth hon e y an

t he o th er i p oiso i
n , a c c or d n g wi m t o t he r n a tu r e , s o it i s th en fo r
he t h i f l
at i s u mb
l d esp ik m
s et h an hon eyc o , an d th e s c s to ac h

a bh orr eth m pl m ost b h e as a n t

d ll eat , ut to t e soun d a n hu n gr y a

239
 T he E p i stl e to t he R ead er
i
g ood th n g s h a e a g ood ta s te ; e en v v so i t i s in ii lmsp r tu a a tt er s

a n d th e r e fo r e w e d r ec t t he s e th n g s i i i
e s p e c al l y un to t wo s or ts of

m e n , the on e i s th e c ar e l e s s p r o fes s or w h o p l a c e th al l hi s re li ig on

wl d i w i
,

i n kn o e g e , in s p eak n g , a n d in ou t p r ofes s on ; that s u c h

ar d

m ay k n o w g i on c on s
t h a t tr u e re li i s te th n ot i n k n o wl
e d ge, b u t i n

p r ac ti c e n ot i n o r d b u t i n p o er w: a n d th a t s u c h a s h a e the w v
i w
, “

for m o f g o d l n e s s , a n d d o d e n y t h e p o er th er eof, ar e to b e
s ep ar a te d fr o m th e o th e r i s th e h u n g ry so u l , a n d the u p r ght i n i
h e ar t , wi h c h s e ek t he L or d , to l e t th e m s ee an d kn o w t h a t t he r e
i s i n t he L or d al l s u fli c i e n ce , an d
‘
s u ch a m e asu r e of g r a ce to b e
i t ha t t hey m a y b e m a d e p ar t ak e r s
a tta n e d u n t o , a s of t he D ne i vi
n a tu re, a n d m a y co m e to the m e a s u r e of th e a g e o f t he fu l n e ss o f

i
C hr s t ( E p h iv
a n d t o b r n g e e r y thou g ht n to t h e ob e di e n c e i v i
i wi w l i will
. .

T he ch who el m
d e r eth , i t
‘

of C h r st h so c on s caus e the
i l ili
.

n ot t o b e c a r el e s s a n d n egl
g en t , b u t c ar e fu an d d gen t, to u se
all m ean s wi h c h may fu r ther the i n th s gr e at or k o the Lor d m i w f
w l i
.

An d k n o a so , th a t th e n t e n t of the a u th or i s n ot to te a c h an y

m an e i
th er t o d e s p i se or n e gl e c t l i t he h o y i or d n a n c es , a p p o n t e d

by J e su s C i hr for th e h e p of
st l H i
i s C hu r c h , n or to a ttr b u te u n to

th e m m o r e t h an i s m e e t , b u t t o m
u se m t he i as ea n s to b r ng us to
t he en d ; t h at i s t ha t th e L o r d h ath n ot g i v H w en is or d , s acr a

me n ts an d t he d is c ip li
n e of t he C h u r c h H l u n to i s p eop e, t o the
en d th a t th ey s h ou l d sat s fy i th e m v wi sel w es i
th t h e ou t ar d ob e d
’

en c e ther e of, n or to th i
nk t h at w w
al l is w el l i h en t hey al k t h er e n

but al s o t o b e tr a n sl a te d i n t o th e i wi
ob e d e n c e of that h ch the
w or d t e a c he th , an d th e s acr a m i
en ts s m g n i fy u n to t he t ha t i s , to
b e m a d e i ke to l J es u s C hr st i n i H i
i s life , il
s u ff e r n g s, d eath, b u r a ,

i
r e su rr e c t on a n d as cen s io n , byb i e ng w Hm f p ar ta k er s i th i o on e

an d th e s a me s p rit i ; c on s d er i wh atd we d v
s ay, a n the Lor gi e

the e u n d er s tan di n g in a ll thin gs .

I ha v e n ot c on c ea e d l T hy m er cy an d T hy tr u th from th e
g r e at c on gr e g at o n . i ”
( P s al x1. I o ) .
“F or wi th th e hear t m an
li v i
.

be e e t h u n to r g h te ou s n e s s , an d wi h t the m ou th m an c on fe s s eth

to s alv i a t on .
”
( Ro m . x .

1 MrR ob er t Ba r cl ay id en ti ed these l etters as the in i ti al s of Thomas

. fi w
P iggott, wh o had b een b ap tized b y S m i th an d ad hered to him hen
H el wys p ar te d fr om hi m H is n am e, gi en a s P yg got, i s i n the l ist o f
.

x v
th ose who sign ed th e stat em en t e pr essi n g r eg r et that th ey took i t i n han d
to b apti ze themsel es v .

2 40
 C o n fessi o n of Fai t h A
f or e bh we h ip i f h m a or v h
t e o ll ig
n on o t e that a ou c th at a th n s

h app en b f y (A iv
ort u n e or c h an c eM x c ts 2 7, 2 8 ; a tt . 2 9,

w v
. .

1 0. G d T ha t h o f is ( n ot th e au t o r or or k er o s in P s al 4;
J m i l df mi
. .

a es b h G d I ut d t at w o on y d i or e s e e a n d e ter ne ha t
v l f w il l f m d l w d d b H v i
.

e i th e r ee o en a n an g e s ou l o ; ut e ga e no n

fl uen c e , i i m i i li i n st n c t , l o t on or nc n at on to th e e a s t s in

i i w d
.

11 G d h
T ha t do in t e b eg nn ng c r ea te t he or l v iz . , t he
l hi i ( i
.

h v ea d en s , an d th e ear th a n al t n gs th a t ar e th e r e n G en . .
;
A c tsxvii S . i wo f hi
tha t th e th n gs that ar e s een er e n o t o t n gs

w i di p ( H b i
,

h ch d ap ear e x .

di
.

12 h G d Td m at bl d o c r ea te Hi an to es s e n es s , a c c or ng to s

im i wi
.

age , in an e s tate o f f n n o c e n c y, fr e e th ou t c or r u p ti on o si n

(G i 7 ii 7 5) H
en 2 ; d mm l 1 d f m
2 (t i ) e c r ea te t he a e an e al e o w t
w m (G i
. . .
,

on e m a n a n d on e H m dm o f an d en e fr a e an o th e ust

d i lif
. .

o f h t d b
e e a rt h , a n H im b r ea the m n to th e r e a th of e , so t he an

was i vi a l (G ii 7 C xv
l n g sou wm H
en I or . . B u t the o an e

i d f m (G ii
. .

m d a f ib
e o f h
a r ta k en ou t o t e s e o th e an en . .

G d bl i
,

T h at m o d mm d
e s se d m th e d an co an ed th e to n c r e a se , a n

m l i fi ll v i d ll
,

u t p l y,
d an d to t he ear th , an to r ul e o er t an a c r ea tu r es

th e r e i (G n ix enl vi i . 2 8, . 1 2 ; P sa . ii
i i bl
.
, .

I 3 f m
T ha t t h e r e or e m arr a ge s an e s t a te hon our a e a on g s t

b w ix
.

a ll m en , b d l d
an d the m e d u n d efi e : v iz et t on e an an on e

w m ( H b xiii v ii b w m
.

o an C e .
4; d
1 or . ut hor e on g er s an

G d wi l j
. .

a d u l te r er s o l u d ge

wi f d m f will h
.

14 G d T hat d m o cr e a te an th r ee o o so t at he
h d b i w vil
.
,

a a i l t y to d d c h oo s e t h e g oo an e sche the e , or to c hoos e

t he vl d f e i an d d r e u se i f m f will th e g o o an t h at t h s r eed o o w as a

l w
,

n a t ur a l f a cu d b ty d i or po l f m e r , c r e at e y G o n the s ou o an

( G ii
en 7 iii 7 1 l 6, v
I ii 6, ; E c c es
Ad m i i li d
. .

m v d
. . .

15 T h at a s n n in g b w as n ot o e or nc ne the r e to y
f ll f m i
.

G od , b or f y b
an y d e cre e o G od ut th a t h e e ro hi s n n oc e n c y

an d d ie
d h d h l b
t e m i fS
ea t i
a on e , wil l y t h e t e p t a t on o at a n , h s fr e e
i
as sen t n g f (G iii
ther e u n to r e el y en .

Ad m i di
.

16 . m d
T h at th e d sa e ay h th a t a s nne , he ed th e d e a t

( G en i . h
i w d f i f or t ( m v i
e re d i
ar o S n i s d ea th Ro . an th s

wi l ih d i (
. .

is th a t Ap h ch the os t e s a t d ea i n tr e sp a s s e s an d s n s E ph .

ii ) w i i l f i i
,

I h ch s o ss f o n n o c e n c y, o f
d th e p e a c e o c on s c en c e a n

bl iii
.
,

co mf or ta f G d ( e p e s en c e o
r o G en 7,
Ad m b i f l l l w
. .

1 7. T h at d d a e ng al e n i n ot o s e a n y n a tu r a po e r or

fac u l w i hG d
ty h
d i hi c l f h w k f th d il
o c r e at e n s s ou , or t e or o e ev ,

2 42
 C o nfe ssi o n of Fai t h
A
w ihi (i )
h c s b li h G
s n w k
c a n n ot a o s d od s
’
or s or c r e at u r e s an

i f ll i l i d f d m f will ( G iii
,

th er e for e b e ng a en he st l r e ta n e r ee o o en . .

23,

18 i l i i il m
T h at o ri g n a s n i s an d e t er , an d th a t t h e r e s n o s u ch

i w d( xviii b
.

th ng m i as d b en n te n y t h e G d or E zek . . ec a u s e o

t hr e a te n e d l Ad m ( G ii 7)d e a th on y to hi i
a en . . 1 n ot to s p o s te r ty,
an d b G d e c au s e d l ( H xii
o c r ea te t he s ou eb .

ii l i m v
.

19 T if h at or g na d f m Ad m s n ig ht h a e p as se ro a t o hi s
i C i d wi l bf Ci d
.

ff ea th , h ch
’

p os ter ty, hr st s w as e e c tua e or e a n an

Ab l b i H b i h l mb l i f m h b i
rt h , t i eg n n n g o f th e
’
e s e e ng e a s a n ro t e

w ldor d i
s t op p e th e ss u e a n d
( xiii p a s s a g e th er e of Re v
iv d d b i i wi
. .
,

20 T . f h at i n an ts ar e con c e e an orn n n n o c en c y thou t

i
S n , an d d i t ha t d sob d y vd d
n g ar e u n i i ou te l y sa e an th a t t h s s to
ll i v (G v i 7
,

b e d un d f e rs too d o a n fa n t s un er hea en en 2, 2
w i C x v f wh
. . .

co m p ar e d th 1 or . i l . i or er e th er e s no aw th er e s no

tr an s gr e ss i i i im on , w il
s n s n ot i l ( mp u t i
e v
d h e t he r e s no aw Ro
if b
.

d v iv
.

1 5 an b l I ut t he aw h m
w as n ot g en to n a n ts , ut to t e

ld d d ( m v M xiii viii
.

th at co u un er s t a n Ro . . 13 ; a t t. .
9 ; N eh
l i i m f fi Ad m
. .

21 ll T h at ab a c tu a s n n er s e ar the age o t he r st a

i i f ll i i i
.
,

in h s d
n n o c e n c y, a ff f an
( C
rest tu t on n t he o er o gr ac e I or .

xv di i f ld
,

. d p an d so h ass un h er t hes e t ree c on t on s , or t r ee o

e s ta t e.

22Th Ad m b i f ll
at G dd d a h e ng hi m b l v him
a en o i n ot ate ut o ed

ill d iii i d hh
.
,

st an hi (G
s o u gh t s g o o d en . . 8 ne ther ot e h ate
f ll w i Ad m b H l v h m id
,

an y m h an t at a eth th a ; ut t ha t e o et an k n

an d f m H ro lv Hi isl b o e sen tS i h w ld s on y e g o tt e n on n to t e or
,

to
v w hi l w
,

sa e th a t d ch h
wa s os t , a n to see k t e sh eep th a t en t a s tr a
y
(J ohn iii
ill h b
.

23 G d v
T hat ho ne er f o r sak e t th e c r ea t u r e t t er e e no

i d hH w Hi i
.

re m d e y, ne th e r ot e f m
c ast a ay s n n o c e n t c r ea t u r e ro

al l i
e t er n h wty ; b u t m i v bl i i ( v
c a s te t a ay en r r eco er a e n s n I sa 4;
x vi ii d xxxiii k xiii
. .

E z ek 23, 3 2 , an . I I Lu e 6,
l i li i
. . .

24 T . i
hat ll h
as th er e i s n a t e c r e a tur e s a n a tu r a nc n a t on

to t he i r yo d
u n g on e m
s , d i ito o t he
d goo so ther e s n the L or
w dm f v
,

to ar an ; f or d e e ry s
p ar k
i o goo n es s i n th e c r e a tur e s

i fi i l di G ( m i
n te y g o o
n n o d Ro 20 x x 4 ; Ro l i m x . .
; Psa
ild ll w
. . .

25 That a s n o
. anm b
e ge tte th h s c h i
t o th e g a o s , n or n o

p o t te r ma k e th a p ot t o r ea k b t ; so i o G d d
oth n ot c r ea te or
d i
p r e es t n ate an y m
an t o d
es tr u c t on ze i x( E k xx i ii
I I G i 7 . en 2
xv G v
. . .

I C or . .
49 ; en . .

2 43
 A C o nfe ssi o n o f Fai th
26T ha t G o d b efor e the fou n d a t on of the
. or d h ath i w l
i v i i
d ete r m n e d the w ay o f l fe a n d s al a t on to c on s s t i n C hr i s t , an d i
th a t h e h a th f o r e s e e n w h o w l ll w
o u d fo o it (E ph 5 2 Tim i i
ii
. . . .

an d on th e c on t r ar y h a th d e te r min e d the w a y o f p e r d t on t o

i i fi d li d i m i
co n s s t in n e ty ,d an h in p e n t e n c y, an tha t e h ath for es e e n
wh o w lw
oul d J( fol v )
o a fte r it ud e, 4 th er s e

di H im
.

27 . G T hat d m as od c r ea t e a ll e n a c c or ng to is ag e , s o

h a th H d m d e re l ll b ee l e al m
tha t fa d y a c tu a sin , t o t he sa e en d an

th G d i Hi
at o m n w vdf mH m
s r ed e p ti o n ha t h n ot s er e ro is e r c y,

whi h H m ifc e H i (J i
an e s te d in C v
is cr e a t o n ohn .
3, I 6 2 or . 1 9;
xxx ii )
.

1 im T ii 5 , 6 ; E z e k i I 1

v i
. .

w
. . .

28. J T hat e s u s
C mhr i s t ca e i n t o th e or l d to sa e s n n er s ,

an d H
t h a t G od i n v H m is l o d H m (J e to iii is en e ie s d i d sen i o hn

C i di
.

th a t H hr m st ( m ed v fo r H is en e ie s Ro . t hat e

i
.

b ou g ht m th e
d Hm ( P i
th a t h en y b i 2 e ter i . t er e y t e a c h ng us to
l v o e ou r en e m (M v i es a tt 44 ,
C i imb v
. .

29 J
Th a t Hi b
.
hr st es u s a ft e r f s ap t s y a oi c e out o

h v i i f H G
.

ea f m en ro d th e F a ther , an b y t he an o nt n g o th e ol y h os t ,
wih h c d
a p p e ar eH d f m u p on v i s hea i d i n th e or of a do e, is a pp o n te

the p r op h e t f w m lm m o th e C hu r c h , (M 1
iii ho al en u st he ar a tt .

H b iii i d wh H
.

e 1 b H d an d t h at b oth y is oc tr n e a n l ife , ich e

l H d i i H
.
.
,

l d e ih er e b n t he d
e a r th , y al is o n gs an s u ffe r n g s , e h a th
d e cl a r e
d b i an d l pu l l w i v f Hi
she d , a s t he on y p r o p h et an d a g er o s

C h u r c h , th e w a y
p d l f l dof i i f
e a c e an G i e , th e g a t d n gs o the o sp el

(A c ts i
ii 23,

C i b i l
.

30 J
T h at hr st f es u s d
i s th e r ghtn e s s the g or y an
o the
v i l i
.

m f fo r b th e F a t h e r s u p p or t n g a l th n gs
’
e n gr a en o s su sta n c e

i
,

b yHi m h s ( H ig t y p o w e r eb b m a n d t h at h e i s eco e th e

m di Ki
. .

e f a to r om (
the N e w T e s ta ) en t to w i t th e n g, P r i e st, an d

P r op h e t f C o d th e f i l
hu r c h , Hm
an t h a t th e a thf u t hr o u g h i are

thu s m d i i l Ki
a e sp r i d tu a ( n gs , i J Pr e s t s , an P r op h e ts Re v . . 6 ; I oh n

ii 20 ; xix Rev
C h i i H w hi b i ig l
. . .

T
31. J h at i
e su s r st s e ch n th e eg n n n d id ay th e
f i ft
ou n d a t on v d
o w i h ll
he h e a en s ( H b
an i e ar th h c S ha p er i s h e . .

10 ; Psa lm ) h H i A
c ii . 2 6 d mt at ei is l ph a an O eg a , th e b e g nn ng

an d th e d fi en h l , H i
th e wi d m f
r s t an d t e a st , e s th e s o o G od ,

w C o mpare this
1 w
i th th e op in ion of S ocin u s that Christ was en d ued
R acov i an Catec/
i th H is prophetical offic e after H i s b ap ti sm zi sm ,

sec tion v .
.

2 44
 C on fessi o n of Fai th A
wi i m i i m wi
th c r cu h d b p
c s on i ff h i f l
ad e thou t an s, y u tt n g o t e s n u

f h fl i mii wi C i w
.

b d o y o t h e es h , thr ou g t he C rcu c s on h ch hr st or k e t h

( C ol oss ii ) i h mi i f h i m i f
. . 11 w ho s t e n s te r o t e c rcu c i s on or th e tr u th
o f G d o fim to mi m d
c on th e p r o
h f h
r
( m x v s es a e to t e at er s Ro 8
d wi xxx
, . .

co m p ar e th D eu t .

w i b wi
.

36 T h at ther e
. are i t hr ee h ch e ar tn ess n t he e ar th , th e
i w
s p i r t, a t er a n d bl d oo i im an d t he s e t h r e e ar e on e n t e st on y ,

wi i l d ( J v )f H v
,

tn e s s C ng t ha t h r i s t tr u y ie d 1 o hn 8 or e ga e u p t he

xix id i d wi
.

gh os t (J o hn
d f H an ou t o is s e p er c e th a s p e ar

m w d (v v f b i
.

ca e d a ter a n b l oo e r se 34, th e co er o th e h e ar t e ng

p i dw er ce , i w h er e t h e r e
d s at e r c on tai n e .

7 3 . v m ifi d
T ha t e h ery hi w i or t i im lf e p er s on a th t s tn e s s n h se

( J 1 v
o hn i i bl d d w f i for the sp r t oo an a ter o sin s g on e , th a t
w i m i m
.
,

is the l f i e of s i n d i th t h e f n ou r s h en t an C h er sh en t th e r e o

( 1 P et i . m vi 7 v. I J iii Ro I oh n .

i l d l b i d (J
. .

38 . C T h atJ hr i s t esu s be ng tr u y ead w as a so ur e oh n

xix . d H l an v h wh l bb f
th a t e ay in t he gr a e t e o e Sa a th o

th e J w b i h e s ;v H ut n p t i e ( l
gr a x v i e e s a w n o c or r u t on Ps a . . I o

A i
c ts i .

39 . ll m ifi d
T ha t a l b i d wi C i b
or t e p er s on s ar e a so ur e th hr st , y
th e b imw i i i H
ap t s
( h mch v i s C l n toii i s d e a th Ro .
4 ; o os

i i S b b wi C i i i
. .

v (
.

keep ng th e r a at h ) th hr st n t h e gr a e th a t i s r es t n g

fr o m t h e ir w d d own m H (H b or k s a s w ii gGo i d fr o is e iv . a t n

i ( l xvi
.

t h e r e i n h O p e or f a r e s u r r ec t on P sa
C i l i m i
.

fi d f
.

40 h a t hr
T J st es us e a r y n t he or n n g , t he r st ay o th e
i f H d b i xx ii
.

w e e k , r os e aga n (
a M t er v ) is d eath an u r al a tt i 6 f or
j fi i ( m i v b i mi i d l d b
. .

ou r u s ti c a t on Ro e ng g h t l y ec ar e to e the
i f
. .

S on of
d Go fib y t he
i i s pi r t o s a n c ti c a t on , n th e r esur r e c t i o n

m i
,

f m ro d (
th e d e a Ro
f d wi i mi l i d f
. .

41 . T h a t th e s e tha t C i ar e gra te th hr st to th e s tu e o

H isd d b i l
ea th an b i mi d H
ur a s h all al s o e t o the s l i tu e of is
i ( m vi
r e s u rr e c t o n f H d Ro qi . i v lif4, or e ot h u c k en o r g e e u n to

wi Hi m f ( C l ii ii 5 ) f
.

th e m tog et he r th s el o os s . 13 ; E ph 6 or that
v
, . .
,

i lv i d i i b
.

i s th e r sa
( h
at on , a n ii 5 J t s y g r a ce Ep . .
; I oh n . 11 , 12 ,

I 3 T i tu s i i
i 5, 6 ,
i qi i viv i f C h i i v
.

42 . T h at th s u c k en n g or re ng o r st , th s la er of

i
r eg e n e r a t o n , wi f H l thi s r en e j ifi i ng o the o y G h os t i s o u r u st c at o n

lv i ( i i v w f
,

an d sa a t on i T tu s i i 6 , Th s i s t h a t p u r e r i er of at er o

l l w hi
.

l if e c ea r a s c r ys t a d f G d
ch p r o c e e e t h ou t o f t h e thr on e o o ,

xii ) w i h l fl w h f h b lly
,

an d f h L mb (
o t e a Rev . x . I ; h c a so o et ou t o t e e

2 46
 C on fe ssi o n of Fait h
A
o f im h
h b li v h i
t at C i e J( e et
) ni i h hr st oh n 38
VI I . th s s t os e

p i
re c o u s p m i w
ro b se s m d
h er e y w e ar e a e f h d ivi p a r ta k e rs o t e ne

n at u r e , b fl i y y p i
n g t h e c o r r u t on s t ha t ar e
i w l h n th e or d thr ou g
lu st
( 2 1 )
P et i i 4f i f
th s s the r u t of t e tr ee
h li f w h i h i i o e c s n th e
mi d di i i wi wh i
. .

f
st o th e p ar a f d se o Go ; th s s t he h te s ton e er e n

the r e i m w i
s a na w hi e m k
r w h v
tt e n , h ch n o an no et sa e he t at

iv h i T i i h m i hi i
,

r ec e et t h s s t e m orn n g sta r , t s s th e n ew n a e, th e
f h Ci lm
.

na m e f G d o o m t he f G d
na h e o J t e ty o o ; t e n e w er u sa e

w i d d hf m G d v i i i dd
,

h ch e s c en et f ro o ou t o he a en ; t h s s th e h en

m an n a , wi l i
th a t h tel v d ld d h v l
c ot h n g , e ye s a e an go an th a t ea en y
w i C i p mi v m ( ii 7
,

s u pp er h ch hr m hst ro s e th to th e t at o er c o e Rev . .
,

1 7 d iii 5
1 8 , an 12,

w hi h b
.
,

h v
,

43 .T h a t the re ar e d i th r e e h c ear r e c or n ea en , t e

F a th e r , th e W d
or , d h H l S i i d
an h
t e y o p r t; an t h at t es e t hr ee ar e

on e i n im t est wi i h on y, i fC i
tn e s s ng t e r e s u r r ec t on o hr st . T he
F a the r i T sa th , m S hi d
h ou h v ar t b y T on , t s ay a e I e g otten hee
( A c ts xiii T 33 fi h f Hi h e S o n t es ti i et o s own r e sur r ec t on

b i w i Hi d i i l ( A i H l Gh
.

e ng f dor ty a ys th T s sc p es c ts . he o y o st

tes t ifi h e th m wh m Ch i
t e sa e, Hi d i ip l o p r st sen t to s sc es u on t he
d ay o f (A
P en te c o s t c ts

44 T v ha t he i er y p e r s od i
n t i wi hat s r e g en e r ate an r s en a g a n t
C i i d wi m lf ( J h v
.

hr s t h h ath h t es e t i r ee a for e s a tn e s se s n hi se 1 o n

C i d w ll i b f i iii 7) d
.

f or d hr st i o th ( e n h s h e ar t y a th Eph . 1 an

d w ll wi H l
.

the F a ther S e (J h i
e th th t hed on o n x v. an th e o y
G h os t l k wi ( C iii
i e se 1 h or . f . d an d th a t t e gr a c e o o ur L or
J e su s C i hr d l v f G d d h f l l w hip f H ly
s t, an th e o e o o an t e e o s o the o

i wi xiii )
,

G h os t s m ( C th t he 2 3 or . . I .

45 C i
T ha t vi f hr f
s t, h a Hin g or ty d ays i a ter s r e s u rr e c t on c on

v d w i Hi d l ( A i d d l ll i
.

er s e th s e s cip e s cts . a scen e o ca y n to the

h v ea ( A
en s i w i
c ts m i H i m h chh i m h
u st c on ta n u n to t e t e t at

i b iii
.

al l th n gs d (Ae r e s to r e c ts

w i h i wi C i pi i ll w i h
.

T h at th e y h c d
ar e r se n th hr s t , as c en up s rtu a y t
Hi m i hs ee k n g i w i ha b v w C i i h
t os e th n gs h c re a o e, he r e hr st s tt e t
i h d fGd d i ff i
,

at th e r g ht an o o an t h a t th e y s et t he r a e c t on s o n

v l i l i (C l iii
,

he a en y t h d n g s, an n o t on ea r th y t h n gs o . . 1

46 T C i ha t b i hr iv i s t , n ow v i h h e n g r ec e ed n to hea en , s tte t at t e

i d f G d ( M k xvi vi g l d i vi p i v d
.

r ght h a n o o ar ha n e c apt ty ca t e , an

iv if i i l
. .

g en g t s m ( u n to v h G en d h E ph h
.
y . t at o a th n ow gh
x d Him d iv Him m b v v
e a l te ,
an g en m h a na e a o e e er y n a e ; t a t at
h
t m
e na f J e o v y k h l b w f hi g i h v i
e s us e er n ee s ou d o ,
o t n s n ea en , n

2 47
 A C o nfessi o n o f Fai t h
e ar th a n d u n d er the ( il
ear th Ph II 9 th at he h ath ob ta n ed i
w v d xxviii
. .
,

al l p o erb oth i n h e a e n an i n e a r th ( Ma t t an d h a th
i bj i
. .

mad e al l th n g s s u ec t u n e r d Hi s f ee t, an d h a th a p p o n te d Hi m
o v er al l th in gs t o b e t h e h e a d to t h e C h u r c h, th at i s H i s b od y,
t he f u l n e ss o f i
H i m t h at fi l l e t h
i n a ll t h n g s ( E p h i 22 al l

wi i J
. .

47 T ha t th e r eg en er a t e d o s it tog e the r th C hr st e s u s i n
v l l ii wi
.

he a e n y p a c e s ( E p h th at t he y s i t th Him i n H i s thr on e
wi
. .

a s H e s i tt e t h th th e F a the r i n H i s thr on e ( Rev ii i th at

v w v i wi i
. .

th ey h a e p o er o er n at on s , a n d r u l e th e m th a r o d of r on ,
a n d a s a p o tt er s
’
v i
es s e l th e y a r e b ro k e n i n p e c e s ( Re v ii
26, .

ii w lv w lv
.

2 7) a n d th a t , s tt n g on t e j
e thr on e s , they d o u d g e t h e t e e

i
t r b e s o f I sr a e l ( Matt xix w i i i h c h sp r tu all y i s to p u t al l th e r i
i j i i il
. .

e n e m e s i n s u b e c t on u n d e r th e r fe e t , s o th a t t h e e v on e d oth

n o t to u c h t h e m ( 1 J v
oh n l v l i
n or t h e g a t e s o f h e l p r e a i a g a n s t

xvi il
.

t h e m ( Ma tt a n d th a t th ey ar e b e co me p l a r s i n th e
. .

h ou s e o f G od , a n d g o n o m ore o u t ( R e v i ii
i J i x i
. .

48 Th a t C h r s t e su s b e n g e al te d at t h e r ght han d of G od
v i i i w i
.

th e F ath er , f ar ab o e all p r n c p al ti e s an d p o e r s , m ght, an d

i v i
,

d om n ati o n , an d e e r y n a me tha t i s n ame d , n ot on l y i n th s

w lor d , b u t i n t h e w or l d to c o m e ( E p h i iv
h ath r e c e e d of H i s
l
.

w
.

F a th e r th e p r om i s e of t he H o y G h o s t, hi c h H e al s o S h ed fort h
i
u p on H i s d s c i p l e s on t h e D a y of P e n tec o s t ( Ac ts ii
i i
. .

49 J
T h a t C hri s t H e su s , in is d r e s u r r e c t on , a s c e n s on , an

x C i i
.

e m
a l t a ti o n , i s or e a n d r a th er
d v L or an d hr s t , S a i ou r , a n o n te d ,
an d Ki n g, H mi i i
tha n i n i i s hu (lA ii
a t on , s u ff e r n g s a n d d ea th c ts

l x
.

3 6 ; P hi . ii 7, m
f or t h e e n d i s or e m e c el l e n t th an th e ea n s ,

w wi H i H
.

an d H is s u ff e r i n g s e r e th e w a y b y t h e h ch e e n te r e d n to is
(
gl or y L u k e xxi v )
I 6 , a n d s o b y c on s e q fi H u en t the e f cac y o f is
i l d x
.

r e s u r r e c t on i n the n e w c r e atur e i smor e n ob e a n e c el l en t tha n

th e fi ef H
c ac y of m
i s d e a th i n th e mi i f i or t ifi c a ti on a n d r e s s on o s n s.

50 wl
T h at th e k n o e d g e o f
C i fl i f h r i st a c cor d n g to th e es h s o

m l wl C i
.

s al fi ( C v
pr o t 2 d or . I 6, an th e k n o ed g e of hr
’
st s

l i wi vi
.

g en e a o gy a n d h b stor y is n o o th e r ut th a t h ch th e D e l hath
as wl e l if n ot ym i vi
b e t ter th a n b w an f
an l ng ; ut t h e kn o l e d ge o

C hr i s t i
a c c or d n g ii to the l v i wi i
sp r t is e ffe c t u a to sa l a t on , h ch s

ii
sp r b
t u al l y t o ei m il i
g r a fte d i bi li
to t h e s tu d e of C hr st s
’
r th , fe ,
mi r a c l es , i do i b i l
n g s , s u ffe r n g s, i i
d e a th , ur a r es u rr e c t on , as cen s on

an d e xl a ( m vi
tati on Ro . .
3,
,

51 i J
T h a t C hr st e s u s , a c c or di n g to the e s h fl d i an h s tory in
i i i divi
.

H d m
i s do n gs an su ffer n g , s a g r e at yster y, an d m n e sac r a en t

2 48
 A C on fe ssi o n o f Fai t h
an d m ii n s tr y th a n J h ( M iii )
o n a tt I I tha t H b i e ap t z e th wi th th e
wl
. .

H ol y G h o s t fi r e ; t h a t H e c o m e th a n d
an d a ke th i n t h e w ay
wi h ch J o hn h a th p r ep a r e d ; a n d tha t the n e w c r e a t u r e ol o e thf l w
r e p en t a n c e ( L u ke iii .

57 T h at fa th i n th e Mess as ar e th e c on d
r e p e n ta n c e an d i i i
i l ii
.

t on s t o b e p er for m e d on ou r b e h a f , for t he ob ta n n g of t he
i
p r o m s e s ( Ac ts 38 ; o hn 12) ii J
tha t the c r c u mc s on of t he i i ii
ii
. .

h e ar t , m or ti fi c a ti on an d the p r o m i s e of t he s p r t, tha t i s , th e n e w
c r e a tu r e , a r e t h e p r o m s e s h c h ar e m a d e to t h e afor e sa d i wi i
c on dit on s ( D eu ti 6 ; Ac t s xxx
3 8 ; G al i i i 1 4 ; 2 P e t
.
4, ii i
wi i i
. . . . . .

h ch p r o m s e s a r e a l l ye a a n d A m e n i n C h r st J e su s ( 2 C or i .

iii
.

an d t ha t i n th e r e g e n er a t e ( G al . .

58 . T hat r e p en ta n c e an d fa th i are w r ou ght i n the h ea rt s of

m e n b y t he p r e ac hi n g of the w y or d , o u t war d
i n t h e S c r p t u r e s l i
an d th e g ra c e
c r e a t u r es , v i o f G od p r e en t n g u s b y the m o ti on s

i i ii w i
a n d n s t n c t of t h e s p r t , w iv h c h a m an h ath p o er to r e c e e or
j ( M xxiii 7 A vii A vi
r e ec t a tt . 3 m x
; c ts 51 ; c ts I o ; Ro . . 1 4,

j ifi i f i
. . .

t h at o u r u st d c a t on be f m or e Go c on s s t e th n ot i n the p er or an c e

o f t he d wih d qi
c on it ion s b h c p Go i re u r e th o f u s , u t i n th e a r tak n g

o fth e p r o mises , th e
p i C h i m i i f i
os s es s n g d of r s t, re s s on o s n s , an

th e n e w c r e a t u r e .

59 . G d T h at f Hi o d w il l d
th e F a ther , b o s ow n g oo oth eget u s

b y t he w d f J( m i
or o w i i i mm
tr u th a d es h ch s an o r ta l s ee

i i i
.

( 1 P et . d. f n ot t he f w m
o c tr n e o r ep en t an c e a n d a th hic h a
y
b l e (
o st vi i ) d G d
L u ke i .h 13 an th a t o th e F a t er , in our r e g e n e r a

t i ion , n e d th e r h h l
n ee f e th n o r u s e th
b t e e p o a n y c r e at u r e , ut t h at
the F athe r , t he W d d H l Gh i mm di l w k
or an the o y os t e a te y or e th

t h at w i h or kw n f
t will f m
e s ou l , d i
h ere the r ee o en ca n o n oth n g

J( o hn i .

60 h h v
T h at suc i d as a v
e n ot a tt a n e t he n ew c re a tu r e ha e

di
.

n ee d f io th e s cr d p tu r e s f C
c r e atu r e s an or n an c e s o th e hur c h ,
i i m
,

to m
n s tr u c t m th em to co b for t the to st r th e up th e e tt e r to
mi i f i
, ,

p erf or m di f
th e c on ti on o r e p en ta n c e t o th e re s s on o s ns

(2 P et i C. xi 19; 1 i v or ; E ph 26 . . 12

w hi h b
. . .

61 T ha t t h e f G d
n e w c r e at u r e d h c is ego tten o o n ee et

w d i di
.

n ot h t e ou t ar scr p t ufr e s cr e a t u r es o r or n an c e s o the chu r c h,

l m( xii ii 7 C i
, ,

to s u p p or t or h e p th e J I C or . i I o, 1 2 ; 1 ob . . 2 ; 1 or . .

xxi i w i i l
.

1 5 16 ; R ev i
s ee n g m f that h e h a th t hr e e tn e s ses n h se ,

H l G h t w hi h
. .
,

t he W d
F a ther , the d or b, an h th e o y os : c are etter t an

a ll ip sc r tur es,wh v or cr e atu res a ts o e er .

2 50
 C o n fessi o n o f Fai t h
A
62 T Ch i h at h as b v h l r st wi
w di g
o was a o e t e a w n ot th s tan n

lv
.

w as m d d a h e un f er t e l aw, or ou r c a u s e : s o th e r e g en er a t e in o e

to w ll d
o th e r s c an a n d h i w d i
o n o ot er , th a n u se the ou t ar th n gs

o f the f c hu r ch ii d p i f or th e g a n n g a n s u p or t d ng o o th e r s : an so

t he w d h h
ou t ar d C u rc lw f
a n d or i n a n ce s a r e a ll a ys n e c e s s ar y , or a

s or ts f o wh v ( M iii 5 xx viii
p e r s on s a ts oe C er a tt . 1 ; 1 9, 2 0 ; I or .

viii
. .

lh g b b v l d
.

63 T ha t t h e n e w c r e a tu r e a t ou h he e a o e th e a w an

hi i i
.

s cri p t u r e s ye h
t d e c an l o n ot n g a ga n s t th e aw or scr p tu r es ,
d i ll v fi mi
,

b u t r ath e r a ll h is o n gs d sha ser e to th e c on r ng an

i i
e s t abl s h n g of l ( m iii the f
aw Ro i T h er e or e he can ne th e r
mm i d l kil
. .

li e , n or l s te a n or c o h m
t a u t er y, n or l, n or at e a n y an , o r

i l l b i i mi
,

d o a n y o t h er fl l d e sh f ll fl
y a c t on , a n th er e or e a esh y i er t n s s

c o n tr a r y i d bl
to r eg en e r a t o n d m b J( viii e te s ta e , an d a na le o hn 34 ,
m vi 5 ii
.

J v
,

Ro . I , 1 6, I 8 ; 2 P et . 18, 19 I o hn .

vi i l
,

i f i
. .

64 w d
T h a t th e ou t ar c hu r c h s b e, c o n s s ts o p e n te n t
b i vi b i f i
.

p e r s o n s onl f y an d o i C f
s u ch a s el e ng n hr i st r ng or th r u ts

f li f ( Ti m v i
,

w o rt hy a m dm en en t o 5 T i m iii 5 Ae 1 .
3 ; 2 . I , ; c ts

xix
. .
,

65 h v i ib l
T ha t t h h i e m i lfi
s e c w dl f ur c s a ys t c a g u r e ou t ar y o
i i l i v i ib l wi i ii
.

t h e tr u e , sp r tu a n s f e c hu r c h ; h c h c on s st e th o the s p r ts
o fj d p f
u s t an m l h i f
er e c t en o n ( i y t at s o th e r ege n e r a te Re v . . 2 0,

d wi h xxi
,

co m p ar e t Re v 2, 23, .

mi d f m v il
.

66 T i
h at r e p en ta n c e s th e f c han g e o th e n ro e to
w i h i d ( M iii w f i mmi d wi h
.

th at h c s g oo a tt a s orr o or s n c o t te , t
m bl l i
.
.

a hu f e m
h ear t d or th e m d f
sa e an a r e so u t on to a en or th e
t im m
e wi
to co f ie ;d d v th i ( C vii
an u n e gn e en ea ou r the r e n 2 or . . 8 .

11 ; I i i 7 J xxxi
s a ah . 1 6, 1 ; er . 1 8,.

7 6 wh T h at v d ll en we ha fi bl
e on e a th a t w e c a n w e ar e u n p r o ta e

v i d l ( k x vii
.

s er d ll
an ts , an a i o u r r i g ht eo u s n e s s s as a s ta n e C ot h Lu e .

d h an t at pp we d l c an ff h on l y s u
b f r e s s an op o t e r an c h e s o

i b
s n s, ut f i t he r o ot o p f
S n h we c an n ot l
p uck u ou t o o ur ea r ts

(J i v
er . m p . d w
4, i hco xxx ar e t D eu t . . 6,

I n the ear l ier d r a ft of this Con fessi on the p ossibi l ity of hyp ocrites
1

fi n din g th eir way in to ch ur ch fel l o shi p i s a dmi tted i n thi s C on c l u sion ,

w “ T hat t h e ou t ar d an d v isi bl e chu r ch con si sts o f
ww
hich r un s th us

or th m m f i f
v
r eg en era t ed an d be l i e in g m en , a s m u ch a s m en can j u d g e th ere o f, wh o
w l h ou gh h ri tes a n d
b r in g fort h fr u i ts y a e n d en t o l e a t yp o c

feig n ers are often hi dd en amon g the repen tin g

"
,
’
E an s E ar ly B apti sts, i , . v .

p .2 67 .

2 51
 C o nfe ssi o n of Fai t h
A
68 f i i
T ha t k wl d a i th mi d f
s a no e i f g e n th e n o th e d o c tr ne o

i d i l li
.

the l aw an d g o s p e l c on t a n e
p l
i n t he r o p h et ca an d ap os to ca

s cr i p tu r e sf d o d th e O l a n m m
N e w T e s ta i en t , a c c o p a n y g
n r e p e n

ta n c e ; w i th G d
a n a ssu r a n c e Ch i wl f m
th at o th r o u g h r s t, i l p er or
mi mi i
,

u n to u s H is pr o f i s e s of r e m s s on o S n s , an d or tifi c a ti o n , u p on

th e ii
c on d t on of o u r d m dm f
u n f e i gn e d r e p e n t a n c e , an a en en t o

(
l ife R o m x A v
1 3, 1 4 , 1 5 d A ; ii c ts 3 H
.
3b0 -
32 , an c ts .
38 , 9; e

xi M i
. . .

1 ; ar k

i d f i f l C i i
. .

69 T h at al l p e n t en t anb ai th u hr s t an s ar e r e thr e n n

mm i
.

the co w d
u n on of w
th e v
ou t l v b
ar c hu r c h , h e r e soe er th e y i e, y
w ha t m v
na e soe w wi ier th e y a re d kn o l n,
1
h ch n t r u th an zea

l w
fo l o i
r ep en tan c e m
an d d wi h v
fa th , th o u g h co pa s se t ne er so

m an y i fi m i d
g n or a n c e s a n d i n r i t e s ; a n w e s a l u te t e a h m ll w
i th a
i i l iv
h ol y k s s , b e n g hear ti y g r e e d th a t w e h c h oll owi f w
a fte r o n e

f ai th , an d ii
on e s p r t , o n e L o r , a n d
on e d
o , on e G d
o y, an b d
on e d
i m ld b
b ap t s , s h o u i
e r e n t n to s o m
an y se c ts a n sc s s d
an hi m
th a t d
on l y f m or f l m m
a tte r s o ess o en t

w b i m f w i b dmi i d
.

7 0 Th a t th e ou t ar d ap t s o _ a te r s to e a n s te r e

l p i i
.

on y u on su c h d f i p l
e n te n t an ( f a d ) t hfu p e r s on s as ar e a or es a

if wi p iii
,

an d n o t u p on i n n oc e n t ( M
n a n ts , or c ke d e r son s a t t. 2 3,
d wi h M xxviii iv
.
,

co m p ar e t d J
att 1 9 , 2 0 an o hn

i p d b li v
. . .

7 1. i T ha t m n B a p ti s t o t h e p e n te n t er s on , an e e er ,

th er e i s d fi
p r es e n t e d ,d ii lb im fC i
an g ur e , th e s p r tu a ap t s o hr st,

(t h at i ) b s i m
the f
ap t s H G do t he b i m
ol y h os t an fir e : th e ap t s

in to h d t e d e a th i f Ch i van r e s urr ec t on mi f o r st : e en the p r o se o

ii w i
th e S p r t , h ch h e h ll d b m d s a k i
a s s ur e ly e a e p ar ta er o f, f he
i
c on t n u e t o th e e n d ( G l iii M iii a C xii 14 m att 11 ; I or . I 3 ; Ro
vi l ii
. . . . . .

.
3 , 6 ; Co
w hi h l b i d p
. .

7 2 h
T at
. i w d n t he ou t ar s u pp er c on y ap t z e e rs on s

m ust i
p ar ta k e , th e r e s p r e s en t ed an d fi d b f h gu r e efor e t h e e ye s o t e

d f i i l whi C h i m
,

p en it e n t an a thf u l , t ha t s p i r tu a s u pp e r , ch r st a ke th

o f Hi fl s d b e shd w i an ifi d d d f
l oo h ch is cruc e an s he or th e
re mi i s s onf i ( o h b d
s nsi b as t d e w i r ea d s r o k en an th e ne p o u r e

f o r th ) d w i an i h d ch
( i
s e a te n an d b d d w i r u n ken as s th e r ea an ne

b di ) wi
,

o lyl b on y fl f Hi fl
y thos e h ch b ar e f es h o s e s h , an d on e o

Hi b s i on e : mm i
n th e c o
f m pi i ( C
u n on xii o the sa e s r t I or . . 13 ;
Re v ii . i m. d wi
2 0, co C xip ar e J h vith I or . . 23, 26 o n .
53 ,
1
T he earl i er d raft ad d ed her e the wo r ds b e th ey R oman Ca thol i cs ,
w v w
L u th eran s , Z i n g l ian s , C al in is ts, Br o n ists, An ab ap tists, or an y other
p I ou s C hr isti an s l ai d , p 2 6 7 . . .

2 52
 C o nfe ssi o n o f Fai t h
A
7 Th
9 . m m at ap w dan i h S
ay s d b
ea k a or a ga n s t t e on , a n e

p d ar d (
on e
) m m
th at i s i a w an f C ay e rr n th e k n o l edge o hr i st
’
s

Hi w iv
,

d i m
s t o r y, a n f n a tte r s d b fo th e ou t ar d c hu r c h , a n e or g en ,

do i ng i it i n l
an ; b u t h e t h a t
g n or an t z e a s p e a k e t h w d i
a or a g a n s t
t he H G oly
( )
ho s t th a t s that a fter l l u
i i m i f
n at i o n or s a k e th r e p e n

ta n c e d i C i
an fa th in i m m l
h r s t , p e r s e c u t n g t h e , t r a p i n g u n d e r oo t f
th e b d f l oo v o th ei wi co d
en a n t vm r e tu r n n g th th e og t o th e o it ;
tha t suchl v s h ald d ne er i i w ld i
b e p ar o n e , n ei the r n th s or , n or n

th e w l or m (M d to xii co mp
e dw a tt H b w vi
3 1 , 3 2 , co are i th e re s .
4,
x ii
. .

an d c ha p . . 2 6 -
29 ; 2 Pe t . . 2 0,

80 . m
T ha t p e r s on s s e p a r a te fr o
d mm i f h t he co u n on o t e c h u r c h,

ar e to b e a c c o u n te d a s hea th en s i ( M xviii an d p u b l can s a tt . .

an d th a t t h e y a r e so m
f ar t o b e p ll s hu n n e d , a s th ey ay o u te : n ot

w i ths ta n di i d ng i be m
n g r ea d v m
y to n s tr u c t th e an to r el ie e t he in
t he i w r an ts l l w lm
; s e e kin g i by a l m d i a fu ean s to w
,

n t he ; c o n s i er n g
th at x mm i e co f h
u n c at i on f is flon l y or t e d e s tr u c tio n o t h e e s h , t h at
th e ii m
sp r vd
t ay d be f sa e ( C v
i n th e
5 ay o t h e L or d I or . . 11 ;
xi xv
,

M a tt 9 Lu ke 1 1,

i i h w d
. . .

81 . T h at th er e
i s n o s u c c e s s on b n t e out ar c hur c h , ut

tha t ll a i i m v d a
the s u c c e s s on s fr o he a en , an t h t th e n e w c r eat u r e

on l y h a t h t he thi n g fi d w
s ig n i w d
ed , an s u b s ta n c e , h e r eo f the out ar

C hu r c h a n d di or d w ( n an c e s a r e s h a
) d o s C ol i i 1 6, I 7 an t h er e for e
l w d w i mi i
. .
,

h e a on e h a th p o e r , a n k n o e th a r g ht , h ow to a d n ste r in
th e d
o u t wa r ,
c hu r c h fo r the b
en e t o fi f
oth er s o hn
( J v i .
y t
e

G d o is
h G d f n ot ft e b f
o d o h con u s i on ut o or er , an d t er e f or e we
ar e i n the w d ou t d w ar fi i
c hu r c h to ra a s n ea r th e rst n s ti tu t io n as

m a b y l e,
(
in C al xi v thi n g sh i i
1 l w
or .f l . t e r e fo r e t s n ot a u for
e v b er y d mi i
r oth er w d d
to a m n s te r ( ivth e or an s a cr a e n ts Eph
w i C xii
. .

11 , m
1 2 , co
p a r ed th I or 4 , 5, 6 , 2 8 ,
C i w h v i
. .

82 T ha t i h hr st h ath set n i s ou t ar d c hu r c h t e oc a t on

ild d wif
.

o f m d
a st e r v an d s er a n t, b d p a r en t s an Ch re n , hu s an an e

(E ph v 5 p v
22i -
2 c ha
d m m d d v 5, an h a th co an e e ery

i w ( m xiii )
.

bj
.
, . .

s ou l b to e su ec t t o the h g he r p o er s Ro I n ot b ec a u s e
w i v( i v
. .
,

of r a th o n l y,
b fo r ) s a ke 5 t hat w e
’
ut c on s c en c e er s e are to g e

th e m i t he ib r d u ty,
d m as tr d f u te an c u s to h o n ou r an ea r , n ot

v f m i (J d v
,

s p e a ki n g e il o t he th a t b ar e in a u tho r ty u e, er se ut

p r ayi n g d v an m ( m ii
g i i n g t ha n k s for the f i 1 Ti 1 or th a t s

fG d v S vi
. .
,

a c c ep ta bl i e n th e s i ht o
g o , e en o ur a o ur .

1
The earl ier Cop y ad d ed her e
ord ai n ed to i t
”
I bid , p 2 69 .
x . . .
e ce p t th ose on l y who ar e cal l ed an d

2 54
 A C o nfe ssi o n o f Fai t h
83 T h at t he offi f h m i
ce o t e a g s tr a t e , i dis a ii sp o s t on or e
p r
i iv i id
.

m ss e or d n a n c e o f f
G od 1
ort h e g oo d o f m an k n : t ha t on e man
li
k e th e b r u te b e a s ts e ( R o m d v an d t h at our n ot a n o th er .

j i
u s t c e an d c i vi i
l ty m a y b e p r e s er e d a m on g m e n : an d tha t a v
m agi strat e m ay s o pl ea s e G od in hi s c al l n g , i n d o n g th at h c h i i wi
i s r i g hte ou s a n d j u st i n the e yes of t h e L or d , t h a t h e m a y b i r ng

an ou t ar d b e s s w l i ng u p on i l
h mse f, hi s p oster ty a n d s u i bj e c ts

( 2 Ki 30,
n gs, x
i fi l
.

84 T h at the m agi s tr ate i s n ot b y v r tu e o f hi s o f c e to m e d d e

wi li i i l
.

th r e g on , or m a tter s of c on s c en ce , to for c e an d c omp e m e n

to th i s or tha t for m of r e li ig on or d oc tri n e ; b u t t o e a e C hr s t l v i i an

r el i gi on fr e e , t o e v er y m an
’
s i
c o n s c en c e , an d t o h a n d e on y c l l i vil
tra n s gr e ss i ( m ij i
on s Ro n ur es an d w m
r on gs of an i
ag a n st

l i l i i
.

m an , m in ur d er , a d u te r y, the f t, e tc for C hr s t on y s t he k n g,

l iv i (J m i v
.
,

an d a wg er of th e c h u r c h a n d c on s c en c e a es

m i wi l f lwC i
.

85 T h a t i f the a g str a te l ol o hr H s t, an d be is
di i l im l l w
.

sc mp e, he u st d en y h se f , ta ke up i h s cr oss , an d fo l o
C i hr m st lv ; he miu st o e hi s en e e s an d n o t il m m
k l t he he u st r
p ya

i m m iv m
,

f or m d
t he an n ot p un sh the he u st m
fe e d the an d g e th e
i im i i m imm l
, ,

dr n k , n ot m b p r s o n the an s h th e d s m
e b er the a n d s p oi

i i fli i w
, , ,

th e r m
g oo ds ; he u s t s u ffer p e r se cu t on a n d af c t on i th C hr i s t ,
an d v il
b e s l a n d er e d , r e m e d , b l a s p he e d , s co u r g e d , b u ff e te d sp 1t u p on ,

im i i w i i
,

p r son e d an d k lled i th C hr st ; an d b
th at y t h e a u thor ty of

m wi i
a gi s tr a te s , h ch th n gs he c an n ot l
p o ss ib y d o ,
d i an r e ta n th e
re v f
en ge o w t he s or d

i i l fC i w d
.

86 . h T ha t t e D sc p es o hr s t, the m mb e f er s o th e ou t ar

c hu r c h , a r e j ito udge al l th e r c a u ses of di m m

ff er e n c e a on g the
se lv es , an m
d they a r e n ot to g o to l a w b efor e the ag i s tr a te s I C or
(
vi i i
.

1 d an m
th a t all t h e r d ffe r e n ce s
( u s t b e en d e d b
) y ye a a n d
i
.

w v
.

(n ay ) ( M
t ho u t a n o a t h J
a ttm v 3 3 3 7 ; a es . .
-

i l i
.

87 Th at th e D m mb
sc i p e s o f w C hr s t, the e er s of th e ou t ard

wi
.

c hu r c h , m m ay n o t f a r r y an y o dl th e p r o f a n e , or c ke d , g o es s
eo
p p e l w l of t he v or m
d , b u t th at e er y on e i s t o arr y in the L o r d

( C or
1 v ii v m . l
e w er y v w m an on e on y i fe an d e er y o an on e

l vii
.

o n y h u sb a n d ( 1 C or .

b i i i
.

88 . b
T hat p ar e n ts ar e ou n d to r ng up the r Ch l d r e n in

1 The
v ) ea r l ie r w “
d raft i n serted here the
w
2 2 w lzi c/
f or d s or a n or di n a nce o m an
( P et ii S am z God lzas er m i tted ,
"
1 13 1 p hi ch appr oaches
vw
. . .

the M en n on i te i e of m agi stracy .

2 55
 C o nfe ssi o n o f Fai t h
A
i i
n s tr u c t on d i f m i an fn or L d ( Eph v i
a t on o the
d h or an t at

vi d f i f mil h wi h d h
. .

the y ar e to p r o e or th e r a y: ot er se t ey en y t e

f i
a t h, d an w ar e i fid l ( T i m v
or s e th an n e s 1

wi di ll iv m
. .

89 T. ha t n ot if h th sta n d ng t e Lor s ha g e a an an y

sp ec a i l lli ca S im n g, asd A d w J m on , a n d J n re a es, an o hn , the n

v lf hi wi ild d li f
,

th e y m u st l ea e al a th e r , s p, n e ts , fe , Ch r en , yea an e

l f l w C h i ( xi v M i v
, ,

a so to ol o r st Lu ke 26 att 18

i i
. . .

9 0. i
T ha t n t he f n e c e ss t d es b
o h th e c h ur c h , a n p oor r et ren

i
,

a ll th n gs ar e b mm to ( A e coi on d c ts h h v. ye a an t h a t on e c u rc

is to dmi ia n s t er i i m f d ( G l ii A xi
to a n oth e r n t e o n ee a 10 ; c ts

viii d
. . .

3 0 C
; 2 or an c h ap .

i f lm ll b h
. .

9 1 . l
T ha t b al th e od e s d o al en t hat ar e e ad , s ha y t e

po w fC i er o i d
hr s t, be f i
ra se p u p , ou t o d h s ow n r op er see as c or n

i i
,

ou t of d
t he s ee r o tt n g ( C n th e e ar th 1 or .

92 w li v i
T hat the se l d
hi c h ll e n d bthe as t ay s h a n ot ie , ut

wi i f
.

s ha l l b h e c d i m m
a n ge n a o en t i n th e t
h n kl n g o a n eye , a t t e

last m
tr u ( C p et xv f 1 or m ll b l w d or th e tr u p s ha o an the
ll b i d i ib d
. .
,

d d sha n c or r u p t l b d l e, w e s h al c h an g e
’

ea e ra se up an e

q li i f h b di ll i i
,

n ot i nb su b i
s ta n c e ut n ua t es ; or t e o es sha r se n

h o n ou r , i w n ipo p i
er , in ii bi w i
n c or r u t on , an d s p r tu al ; e ng so n n

di s h on o u r , i w k n i ea i
n es s , d n
( C
c orr u p t on x v , an n at u r a l I or . .

42 . 44 )
93 h b di
T ha t t b i e i d
o es , ll b j i d
e n g r a se u p , sha e o ne t o t he
w h f m ly w i w i ll im
.

l
s ou s , e r eto or er th e y er e un te d ; h ch ti t ha t t e

w er e vdi
p r eser e d n f h L d (
th e h a n vi J b xix
s o t e or R ev . .
9, o . .

2 5 7) 2
-

94 i i
T h at p i t s a ll m
po n te d h
to l l a d i en th a t th e y s a on c e e,

j d m ( H b ix
.

an d h t m h
en c o et t he u g d en t e an t h a t th e c ha n ge

m h liv l d ll b
.

o f th e t at e on th e ear th a t i w th e a st a y, s ha e as t er e a

d e a th u n to m( C the xv 5 I or .iv 2 ; 1 T hes . 15

l l i l
.

v j
.

9 5 h
T h a t th e r e l b s a d e a f
g e n er a d g an un e rs a d ay o u

wh v ll i v i
.

m e n t, en e er yon e s ha r ec e e a cc or di n g to the th n gs tha t

ar e i
d on e fl h wh hn t he es d et v il ( C v
er t h e y b e g oo or e 2 or . 10 ;
xvii
, .

A c ts

k w h
.

96 T ha t t d of d h
th a ay a n m ou r h no et no an ; n o , n ot t e

l i v i h h S Him lf b ly
.

A n ge s n he a en , n e t er t e h on se ut th e F a t e r on

xi i
,

(M ar k i .

97 T hat
C i J h
hr m
st h l
e su s l b jt d ati dan , s a e u ge n t ha t ay

x v ii l l w i l
.

( A c ts h l t h at m i h
e sh a d h
co e d n t e C ou s t g ory ; an

l w i w i w i
.

a ll Hi l
s ho y
g h an H i m e s ( M t h h d
a tt h . t a s ou t, an t

2 56
 R et rac tati ons
wii r t n g, to d
a c cu s e an m h m b c on d e n otd er en , ut to c en su re a n

f mm
r e or lf f h l d w k w i h i h f h d b l
ys e I I s ou al t e t er o t e ou e s e p ar a

i i f mi l
.

t on , m I f m u s t, ro th e p e r s u a s f on o ne ow n a on e p er e ct

f m i
r e or v ll
at on , r ep r o d j e a m
oth er , an f m k r e e c t th e a s sh or t o th at ar

w he r e to Iw m d m er e c o m e : an f m I i u s t s hu t y ea r s ro h ear n g an y

i i wi
n s tr u c t o n h m ff d m
c h o ther s f ii qi ay a or e or th s s th e u n te s se n c e

o f th e i
s e p ar at on , m m lv
to a ss u e vu n to th e se es a p r e r og a t i e to
t ea ch l m al d en , a n f m
to b e t au g ht I v ll o no an . N ow ha e in a

m w i i
y r it n gs iv d i
h th er to i f r ec e e d f d
n s tr u c t on o o the r s , an p r o e sse

m y r eadi bn ess tob e d

t au gh t v y o th e r s , a n th er e f or e h a e l s o o ft en

t im es b een d i i a c cu se w ll o m i k fm
n c on sta n c y ; e l e t th e th n o e as

v ll b d ill
,

f
th e y p l eas e , I p r o e s s I h a e c h a n g e d , an d s h a e r ea y st to
c h an g e o r th e
f b
e tter : a n i d fi b i l b m t e d
th e
g or y to e p er e
r p t or y an

imm u ta b l e
i i l f li i
n th e m
r a r ti c e s o j l
r e g on , t h e y ay e n oy th a t g or y

wi m v t ho u t wi
y e n y, t h o u g h n ot g i f fm f h m
thou t th e r e o y h e a r t or t e .

A i l
Th e f li i
rt c es o wi
R e g on h d f m lv c h ar e the g r ou n o y sa a ti on

ar e w i d i ff f m
th e s e , h er e n I d C er ro no g oo hr is t i an T ha t
J e su sC i hr s t, fG d
th e d son o f M io an d
th e s on o a r y, s t he an o i n te

K in g , P ri d e st an f C P r op h et l m i f
o t he hu r c h , th e on y e d a t or o th e
N ew T m e s ta en t , an d tha t th r ou gh tr u e
p d f i re e n t an c e an a th i n
H m i l i S vi
w ho a on e s ou r i v mi a ou r , i d we r ec e e re s s i on o f S n s an

H l i if wi l d m i
,

th e oy G i
h o st n th s l e , an d f
th ere th al t he re e pt on o

ou r b v l i li f i
od i e s , a n d e er a s t n g i f bd e n th e r e s u rr e c t on o th e o y
an d w v w
h osoe er di al k e thi l m a c c or dng t o th s ru e, I u st n ee s

a c kn o wl d m m g e hi
e y b r ot h e r h
; yea , h d i ff f m m al t ou g he er ro e

i n iv d i l
er s oth er p ar t cu a r s .

A d w v i
n h o s oe er n th e d f m
ays o b li d l d p y n z ea an r op o s

t er o u s i mi i f C h i ta t on o m w l vi h i
r s t, I w as i so e ha t a s n c en s u r n g

an jdid u g d m l
n g ot h e r s a n f na
p i ll d
e i
y n t h e w ay o se a r a t on ca e

w im i vi b i
,

B ro n s ye t s n ce ha
d i ng f
e en n str u c te n th e w ay o

l fi di m
,

th e d m
L or f
p er e c t y ,
ore an d n ng y e rr or th er ei n , I
p r ot es t a g a i
n s t t h a t m f m
y o r f i er cou r s e o c en s u r n g o ther p er s on s ,
an d p i f l
e s e c al l y o r a l t h o s e h d h w wi h h v i ar p r a se s h er e t I a e n an y

of m w i i y r t n gsi v i h d i ih n e g ed S
a ga n s t e i t er E n gl an or th e ep ar a t on

F or E n gl an ,
d lh a t wi ou gh I d i
c a n n ot th an y g oo c on s c en c e

ack w d no wi d m
l e g e th e wi h
c ke l
on e s in gl e d t th e z ea ou s p r o f e s sor s

i n on e i b
c o n g r e g a t on w d vi ibl C
to e th e tr u e wi ou t ar s e hu r c h h ch

C i hr d H
st an A is h fi i i
p o stl e s wi at t ei d r st n st tu t e d , h c h c o n s ste

on l y o
f i d b li v
p en ten t p er s on s an h f e e er s y t
e t er e o r e to s ay th at
th e l z ea f h m lv
ou s p ro ess or s t e se i hi i i es a r e a n t c r st an , s a ce n s u r e

2 58
 C o n fi r m at i o ns
suc h asI j if b f c an n ot u st L d y h i m j d
e or e i m
th e or , w o s y u ge n y
c on s c i e n c e . A d f n l vk d
th e r e or e I u tter i y re o e an r en o u n c e t
A i w v f h f w d
.

g a n ho b
so e er bI d ou ti i n ot ut t s an err or o t e or ar

i m i l d wi h
,

p r ofe s s ors f o t he E n glh sh c hur c es to b e ng e t th e op e n

wi d i c ke n f
th e d
s u pp er o h d il
th e L or i , as i t ey a y ar e , s ee n g t h er e n

t h ey d o h fi
tr a n sg r e s s t i i i f Ch i e r st n st Hitu t on o r s t, w ho a te s

su pp er on l w i h l v (f J d d p d
y t t he e e en or h d
u as e a r te s o s o on a s he a

r ece iv d e f ht he s op o v ) t e P ass o f er ,ld

ye t I c an n o t th e r e or e c on c u e

th e id f w d p f
sa or ar d h m j d m
r o essors u n f ll w
er t e sa e u g en t , or e o

sh i f wi h wi k d
p o s in , t the wi w m h c e on es k h th ho t ey p ar t a e t e

s u p per I d
Ye a , l
r at h er vil d v
o a s o r en ou n c e t h at e an p er er s e

j d m w hi h h v m w i i hi
.

en t I d i i t t
’

u g c a e p r on o u n c e n y r n gs , n s

p i
ar t l w l
cu a r a c kn o d i m e g ngh i F y m
e rr or t d er e n . u r t h er I ust n e e s

a v ou ch i
th at th e f l
B s h op sd iv l i i Gd
o th e an gr e ou s y s n a ga n st o

an d h f w d
t e f
or ar i p r oli h m i
ess o r s n l i ru ng t e so r gor ou s y, urg n g

t he i b ip i
r su s cr t d m i
o n , c a n on s , a n p m c er e i on e s u on
’
e n s con s c e n c es

u p on i f x mm i i d i i il i m i m
pa n o e co u n c a t on , ep o s t on , s en c e , p r s on en t ,

b i hm
an s d en t , li p l i
an th e d ke i h i
en a t es an t h at th e r e n t e
y s t as

A i i i
n t c hr s t m l n f G d w hi h i
th e t e p e o i o c s th e c o n s c en c e . Ye t,
d w
,

th er e f ore , h to ll say t a t a f th e p r o f h l h es s or s o t e an h et er

m i h i j i di i d
,

p r eac h er s or o th e r s t h a t r eda n un er t e r ur s c t on , o

su b mi t b
u n to d
th e i v hi m k
ea st an d
r ece e s ar th a t I ar e n ot

v d j if I v d f I b
,

a ou c h an u st y as ha e b m
on e , or d ou t n ot ut an y

t ou c h f
n on e o i l hi b l b m i C i th e r u n c e an t n gs , u t on y su t to hr st s o

f ar a s h t i h d d if i f i
ey a r e e n l g te n e m k
an m a s n o gn or a n c e a e a an

an a n t i i i h I m d wh
-
c hr s t an , t en ll fi d Ch i i
de an er e sha we n a r st an .

i l
I n t h e s e thr ee p ar t c u a r s , e sp e c i ll v d ia h
y a e I tr a n sgr e s se aga n st

t e p r o e s s or s o t e E n gl s n a t
h f f h i h i G ll ll h b i i on . en er a y a t os e t ng

d bi i h
,

an w d htter or s, d p r a se s , d an s p e ec hes u se ag a n s t t e

p f
r o e ss or s f l d o I th e l an d v k
u tte r y b i
r etr a c t an re o e , a s n ot e ng

o f th e ip i f C i b f h i i l h w d h v ll d
s r t o hr st , ut o t e D sc
p e s, w o ou l a e ca e

f or fi red b im an f m h v
r s to n e w hi h C h i b k h
ro ea en , c r st re u et

i l i M d w i M
.

P ar t c u l ar b k y th a t oo
1
a ga n s t a s te r B er n ar h er e n aste r

W i i d d ll
,

M b ar M
u r y, a ster d h te , m an oth er s ar e e n t on e an cr u e y
ta xd e ,
I f h
r e tr ac t , n ot i i w h ll f l
or t b
at f t s i i o y a se, ut or th at t s

P a r a l l el es , Cen su r es, a n d 06se7 v at i on s, 1 609

1 I n the p reface to thi s
w w
.

or k S mi th cha r g ed B ern ard , Thom as Whyte , an d E n och Cl apham i th

b ei n g “ m o st fearfu l Ap ostates
”
H e r eferred to F r an ci s Merb u r y,
“
.

m in i ster of N or tham pton , as on e who had n ow fal l en to his g ra ci ou s

”
Lor d s, i e , to the b ishop s, p 1 3 5
. . . .

2 59
 R et rac t at i o ns
w l
hol y i
c en s or ou s an d ii l f cr t c a : an d i or i
th at ther e n the con t e n t o n

for ou t w m ar d w a tt er s , if
hi c h ar e of n er i or n ot e , h a th b r ok en th e
l
r u l es o f d
o v e an i wi c har ty, ih ch i s th e s u p e r or l aw .

N ow for the S e p ar at i on , I m
c an n o t , n or i d ar e n ot, in y Con s c en c e

J
b e for e t he u dg e o f th e w l w j i m wi ho e or ld u st l
fy y r t i n g s a n d d e a in g s
i
a ga n s t mt he F or th e tr u th m of th e atte r I d ou b t n o t b u t i t i s o n
i w i l w i v
.

m y s d e , b u t th e m an n er of r it n g i s th a t a on e her e n I ha e

f a i l e d : f or I s h o u l d h a e v wi i i fm th t h e i sp r t o e ekn e s s n s tr u c te d

th e m th a t mi
a r e c on tr a r y d m w nde v but y or d s h a e b e e n s tou t
an d m l wi
in g ed th g all , an d
,

ther efor e m
h ath the L or d r e p aye d e

ho m lm
fu l
e i m
e a su r e n to m y b o s o fori m ac c or d n g t o t h at e a su r e

w wi m
,

h e r e th I d i
ea s u r e m
h ath t b e e n m b e a su r e d a g ai n u n to e, y
M ast e r i
C l if to n , e s p e c all y b y Ma s ter a ns H i w
or t h a n d a s ter M
B er n ar d . d i
T h e L or l ay n on e of our s n s to the c h ar ge of a n y of
u s a ll , b u t H e of H mis er c y p a s s b y the for m m
y p ar t th e L or d
h ath t au ght m e t h er e y, or h e r e a fter s h a
b f ll
I s et a w
at c h b efor e

m m
y on th , i
t hat I i is n i
n th a t k n d a n d d e g r e e
n ot a g a n F or

wl
.

M a i n sw or th s b ook , I a c k n o
H e d g e th a t I er r ed i n th e
’
a ste r

p l
a c l l
e of th e c a n d es ti c k a n d a ta r , b u t tha t o f
t h e a t a r i s n ot l
M
’
a ste r F e n n er s e r r or th wi m
e , b ut mi
n e r a th er th hi wi m
; f or
o th e r i th m l
n gs , n a i m
e y t h e c h ef v a tter l in c on tr o e r sy I ho d as I
l
,

d id w
Ye a , m hi c h i s or e , I w
s a y th a t a
b th ou gh i t e la fu l t o p r ay,
i i
.

re a c h an d s n g ou t o f a b ook f or al l m
p en ten t p er son s , ye t a an
p ,

r eg en er a te v is ab o e all i
b ook s w v i
an d s cr p tu r es h a tsoe er , see n g h e
h a th th e i s p r it of wi im w i
G od thin h m , h ch t e a c h et h h i the tr u e
m i
e an n g of i
th e wi
s cr pt u r e s , w i ii thou t the i h ch sp r t t he scr p ture s
are b ut a w
d ea d l ette r , v mi
hi ch i s p er er ted an d d sc on s tr u e a s we

s ee a t th i s d ay t o c on tr a r y en d s an
d se n s e s ; i an d th a t t o b nd a

r e gen er ate man to i i i i

b o ok i n p r a y n g , p r e a c h n g o r s n g n g , i s t o
a

s e t t heH ol y G l
hos t to s c hoo i n th e on e a s e as w ll i
n t h e ot h e r ,

q
F or the oth e r ues tion o e d e r s f l th wi M H i w
a s te r a n s or th , an d o f

B ap ti sm wi M th f a s ter d m
C li ton , an the tw o T es ta l en ts , I ho d as I
did , an d i m
th ere n I a p evr s u a d e d I h a e t he tr u m
th . If an y an s a y,

w hy then d o you w n ot an s wi er t he b ooks i m r tten in op p o s i t on , y

an s w er m is , i y d e s re i s to v i m en d c on tr o i i er s e s a on g C hr s t an s

r at h er th an m to m
a ke a n d i m i i m
a in ta n t he , e sp e c all y n at ter s o f

the w
out ar d C hu r c h m an d c ere i m
oni e s ; an d i t i s t h e g r e f of y
h ea r t t h a t I h a v e m so l on g m cu d m im
b ere d y se lf an s p en t y t e

t h er e in , an d i
I p r ofe ss th a t d ffe r en ce j m m i n u d g en t for a tter o f

i m
c rcu i
st an c e , as a r e all th n g s of the w dC ll
ou t ar hu r c h , s ha n ot

2 60
 R et rac t ati o ns
w her e in I h ol d v wi
as I ha M e r tten to a s te r B ern ar d , th at s u c c e s
i
s on is l bab o i she d y th e C h m
u r c h o f R o e , an d t h at t h e r e i s n o

tr u e mi i n s tr iv m
y d er e d fr o l th e Ap os t e s th r ou g h the C h u r c h of

Ro m i i
to E n gl an d , b u t t h at the s u c ce s s on i s n te rr u p te d a n d
e

b r o ken o ff l l l i i
S e c on d y, I h o d , a s I d i d h o d then , s u c c e s s on b e n g
i
.

b r o k en o ff a n d n ter r u p te d , i t aym y bt w o o r t h r ee g a t h e red

toge th er i n the m na i e of w C hr mst be i r en e ed an d a s s u e d ag a n ;

an d h er e i n th e r e i s no M H
d iffer e n c e b e t w e en m a ste r e l wys an d e .

T hir d l y, M H a ster i el wys l sa d th a t a th ou gh the r e b e c h u r c hes

li mi i
a l r ea d y e s ta b s he d , m m
n ste r s or d ai n e d , a n d s a c r a en t s a d in i s
te r e d or d er l y , m ye t en ar ej n ot m b o u n d to oi n t h os e f o r er

c h u r c h e s es t a bl i s h e d , m i but i d
ay , be ng as ye t u n b a p t ze b a p t iz e
m lv il
,

th e se
( es as
) w e di d an d p r o c e emd to b u d c h u r c he s of th e
s elv i es , d l (
sor d er y )
as H i
I ta k e i t m M er e n I d i ff e r fr o a ster

i v i
.

H el wys , a n d ther efor e h e sa H

th I h a e s n n ed a g a in s t th e ol y

G h os t e c a u se I
b wl d d
on c e ac kn o ( M e H ge th e tr u th as as te r el w ys

l )
c a l e th i t .

H er e wI an s eri thr ee th d v
n gs wl I I di ne er a c kn o e d ge it .

w
.

2 . I t is n ot the tr u th .
3 T h ou gh I h a d a c kn o l e d g e d it , an d it
w i v i i H l
.

er e a t r u th , yet in d e n y ng it I ha e n ot s n n e d a g a n s t th e o y
G h o st
i wl lw l
.

F r s t, I v
did ne er a c kn o i e d ge it , t h a t t was a fu for
iv
p r a te p er s on s to b a p ti z e w w hen th er e er e tr u e c h u r ch e s an d

m mw
i n i s te r s fr o hen c e w e mi v m w g ht h a e ou r b ap ti s i th ou t s in , a s
the r e f
a re wi o r ty tn es s es that i w c an tes tify on l y th s i s it hich I
h el d , t h a t i s ee n g th e r e w a s w m l ji w
n o c hu r c h to ho we c ou d o n i th
a i
g o od c on s c v b im f m m
en c e , to h a e ap t s ro th e th e r e for e w e
i lv i
,

m ig ht b a p t z e our s e es T h at th w m s is so the L or d kn o e th ,
y
i wi im lf wi l
.

c on sc en ce M
tn e s seth , an dH a s ter el wy s h se l n ot d en y i t .

l iv
S ec on d y, it i s n ot th e tr u th th at tw o or thr ee p r at e p e r s on s
m i w
ay b a t z e ,
p h en t h e r e i s a tr u e C h u r c h a nm i
d in s t er s e s t a bli s he d

w h e n c e b ap t simm y l b ay or d er
for i f C hr i s t h i seml f
e d i d
h ad :

t
fe c h H is b ap t s im mJfr o i
ohn , an d th e G en t l e s fr o m
th e Jw
e s

i
b a p t z ed , an d if G o d b e th e G o d of or d er an d n ot of c on fu si on ,
t hen s u r el y w e m v i l
u s t o b s er e t h s o r d er n ow , o r e se d i s or d er i s

or d er , a n d w i
G od a ll o ; for if
eth dM
a s ter H
sor d e r ii
e l wys p o s t on
’

v
b e tr u e , th a t e er y tw o or t hr e e tha t s e e t he tr u th of b a p t s im
m i p i
a y b eg n t o b a t z e , an d n e e d n ot o n ji
t o f o r er m
t r u e c h ur c h es

w h er e they may h a e v i
t h e r b ap t s im d l m
or er y fr o or d a i n e d

mi i n ster s , t he n t h e f imi iv
or d er o th e p r t e c hur c h was or d er for

2 62
 C o n fi rmat i o ns
th em an d th ose t im d i i d wi ll
es on l y, an th s d s or er e s t ab li sh b ap t s m i
of pr iv ate p er s on s f w m
. m Y ea o o en fr o h en c efor th t o the
w or l d
’
s en d , a s Ma s ter H el wys hi s gr oun d d oth e vid l en t d y a ffor to
him th a t w lli s c an it .

Th i r dl y , th o u gh I h a d a c kn o wl d
ge d th at a s sert on o
e i fM a s t er

Hel wys , an d it w er e th e tr u th , an d I n ow for s a k e t , i t i d ot h n ot

ther eu p on foll o w th at a m an i
s n n eth ag a n s t i th e H l Go yf h os t : or

I d e m an d , m ay n ot a man for sa ke a tr u th u p on a te p tat m i d on an

i i i
,

ob ta n r em s s o n u p on r e en tan c e P D i d n ot P t i d e n yi n g
p e e r so n

C hr i st P D id n ot Da vi d s o , a n d c on t n u ed i im i ill
p e n ten t t th e Ch l id
w a s b or n a fter ad u l ter y wi th B eth s hab e P A m an th er efor e th at
u p on a t e m p ta t i on for s a k eth a kn o w n tru th , m ay r ep en t an d
r ec e iv m i — e m
er c es m
fu rt h er , a y n ot a an ( a s h e s u pp o s e t h ) u p on
for c e m of l f m
a r gu en t , w yi e d ro th e k n o n tr u t h t o err or for
i
c on s c en c e s a k e H v ? i aH l e a ll th o s e s n n e d a ga in s t the y G h ost
o

tha t h a v e m l
s e p a r a te d fr o i En g an d an d ar e r et u r n e d a g a n P

C er ta i M Hl n ly i
a s ter e l
wys her e
b n err e th n ot a li tt e, an d r ea k e th

th e b on d f b vo m
c h ar i ty a v o e all en th at I e er r e a d or h ear d , in
i
u tte r n g s o s h ar p a c en sur e u p on s o w ea k a gr oun d
1
B e s id e s , th e
H l m i
.

s in a g a i n st i
th e y G
o h o w
s t s n ot in ou t ar d c er e on e s , b u t in
m a tter wi i
of s u b s t an c e , wl
h ch f ( H v i s th e kn o e d ge o th e tr u t h eb . .

I—
)
I o m f na i el y a i C i
or sa k n g of r ep en tan c e an d fa th i n hr st , an d

l vi
,

fa lli ng d
t o p r ofan en e s s an m f
P a g an i s or I ho d no p a r t o f s a ng

ri i w d m i
g hte ou sn e s s t o c on s s t in ou t ar cer e on e s , for th ey a r e on l y

a s a c r u tc h f l m w k w l w i l ill
or the a e an d ea to a k tha t th e y b e c u r e d .

C on c e r n in g i ifl m
su c c e s s on , d br iy th u s
e u ch : I en y al l s u c c e s s on

ex c e pt d l
in th e tr u th ; vi an f
I h o d w e ar e n ot t o ol at e th e or d er o

th e p r i mi iv
t e C hur c h , x i i e i c ep t n e c e s s ty u r ge a d s p en s a t on ; an d

l wf l v
th er efor e i t i s n ot a u for e er y on e th a t s e et h th e tr u th t o
b ap t i z e, mi
for th en th er e m g h t b e as a n y c hur c h e s a s c o u p l e s in
th e w l or d, v an d in on e wi ha wi e an yth n g to d o th o th er , h ch

b r e a k e th th e b d f l v onb o o e an d r oth e r h oo d in C h ur c h e s ; b u t, i n
th e s e w m ou t d
ar d m
a tt er s , d w I ar e n ot an y or e c on t e n ith an y

m an , d i h
but mes r e f ll w
t at f we f i ay o o the tr u th o r e p en ta n c e , a th ,

1 w v
T h ey er e on ce en l ig hten ed an d had tasted of the hea en l y gi ft an d
w w w w
e r e m ad e p ar tak er s of th e ho l y gh ost an d ha d t as ted o f th e g ood
w o r l d t o c om e an d ar e fa l l en a i
or d

i
o f G o d a n d o f the p o er s o f the a
y t s
w
i m p ossibl e they sh ou l d b e r en e ed ag ai n b y r ep en tan ce s e ei n g they cru ci fy
v
ag a i n t o the m sel es the s on of G o d a n d m ak e a m ock of himH e l wys
’
.

A dmon i ti on , 1 6 1 1 , p 34 . .

2 63
 R etr ac t at i o ns
an d r eg e n er at on , an i d l i di i f
ay a s de s s en s on or min t, c omin e , an d

i
an n s s eed .

An other mp u tat i i on of Master H el wys is c on c er n in g th e fl es h of

C hr s ti Wher eto I
. s ay , t h a t h e th a t k n o w e th n ot th a t t h e fi r st an d

s e c on d fl e sh of a n
‘

i n fan t i n th e m oth er s om b
’
w ar e to b e d i i
st n

i w
g u s h e d , k n o e th n o t t h e gr ou n d s of n atur e an d n a tu r al r ea s on

i i
.

fi
I a f r m ed c on c e r n n g C hr st th at H is s e con d fl e sh, th at i s H i s
i
n our s h m en t, H e h a d fr om Hi s m othe r , a n d that t h e S c r p tu r e s i
li
a r e p a n f or i t ; b u t , c on c er n n g th e r s t m a tter o f C hr s t s
’
i esh, fi i fl
w i
h e n c e i t w a s , I s a d thu s mu c h T h at , a l th ou gh I y el d i t t o b e i
a tr u th i n n a tu r e tha t H e h a d i t o f H i s m ot h e r Mar y ye t I d ar e

i i wi
,

n ot m a k e i t s u c h a n Ar t c l e of f a th a s t h a t i f a n y m an l l n ot
c o n sen t u n to i t , I sh ou d r e fu s e b r oth er h oo d lth hi m : an d th at wi
i
the S cr p tur e s d o n ot e ad u s ( a s far a s I l c on ce iv ) e to t h e s e a r c hin g

o f th a t p o n t , i w
h er eof C hr st s n atu r a
’
i lfl m a d e ; b u t tha t e sh w as
i i
w e s h ou l d s e ar c h n to C hr st s s p r tu a
’
ii lfle sh , to b e ma d e e s h of fl
t h at Hi s fl
e s h , an d b on e o f i s b on e , i n th e c ommu n on a n d
H i
w i
f e l l o sh p o f th e s a e s p r t m ii i
T h at t h s w a s m y s p e e c h a n d t h e
i i i ll
.

s u m of m y a s s er ti on c on c ern n g th s p o n t , I c a th e Lor d an d all

t h a t h e ar d a s tn e s se s ; wi w
h e r e b y a pp ear eth Ma ster H e l wys h is
il i i i l
p a r t a ity i n r e p or t n g th s p ar t c u ar
im i w i
.

C on c er n in g a s e c r et p u t a t on 1 h ch Ma ster H el wys b y w ay
i i iv l
,

of n t m a ti on , s u g g e ste th , a s th ou gh I h a d r ece e d m u c h h e p of

m i a n t e n an c e fr om hi s comp an y, or
mp an y of E n gli s h fr om th at co

eo
p p l e t h a t c a m e o e r to g e th e r ou t ovf th e n o r th p ar t s t h m e, wi
I a fli r m th u s m u ch : T h at I n e er r e c e e d o f th e m all p u t v iv
vl
togeth e r th e a u e o f for ty s hi l n g s to my kn o e d ge , s n c e I c a m e li wl i
l
o u t o f E n g a n d , an d of Mast e r H el w s n ot the
y a l ue o f a p en n y; v
b u t it i s w w
e l l k n o n to Master H el wy s a n d t o a l l t h e c om p an y,

v
tha t I h a e s p en t a s m u c h i n h e p n g th e p o or a s Ma s te r H e l wy s li
h ath d on e , a n d i t i s n ot kn o n th at Ma ster H el wys h a th s p en t w
p v
on e p en n y b u t I h a e s en t an other i n a n
y c o mm on b ur t h e n fo r

i vi
t he r el e n g of the p oor All that e er Ma ster H el wys c an s ay v
w i l
.

i s t h at , hen I was s ck i n E n g an d , at B a s hfor th , I was tr ou b l e

s om e an d c har geab e l to w i
him ; her e n I c on fe s s hi s k n d n e s s , b ut i
1
H el wys m a de im pu tation i n the p ostscr ipt to h is M i stery qf
su ch an
[ n i gn i ty , 1 6 1 2 , p 2 0 5 “. We ha e b een misl ed
. v
by d ecei tfu l hea r ted
l ea d er s w ho fl ee i n to foreig n c ou n tr ies an d free states an d d ra w
p e op l e
a fter them t o su
g d om s
"
pp or t th ei r k i n .

2 64
 T he L i fe and D eath
T HE LI F E AN D D E AT H OF I SM H
O HN IT

The r ig hteou s
p er i s heth a n d n o
i t i n hear t,
a nd ma n con s i d er eth

m m en a r e ta ken a way , an d n o m an n n d er s tan d eth tha t the

r ig hteou s i s ta ken a wa
y f r om the ev i l to come
”—
I s a ah ii 1 , 2 . i lv . .

Then I hea r d a v oice f r om hea v en , say i ng u n to me, wr i te the d ea d

whi ch d i e i n the L or d a r e fu lly bl es sed ev en so sa i th the spi r i t f or

they r es t f r om their l a bou r s, a n d thei r wor ks f ol l ow them —Re v 13 . . xi v . .

After i i m (livi
a c ert a n t e n g at Am st er d a m ) he b eg a n to p r a c ti s e
h
p y si ( wi
c 1
m
kn o n g t h a t a an w a s b o u n d to u se t he gi ft s th a t t he
w m
L or d h a d b e s to e d u p on hi for the goo d of other s ) , i n a d m in i s
te r i w ng l her e o f h e u su a l y t o ok n o th n g o fi the p oor e r s or t ; a n d i f
t h ey w i er eb r ch h e too k ut h alf as m u c h a s oth er d oc to r s di d
e x i m b i
c ep t n g s o w e, w ho w ll mi d d d m
e ng el l a b e an l d e n e u r ge or e

l
,

u p on m m d m di
hi so fh me e an k ng om i w hy he too no or e , a l egi n g
that h e m i h
u st p ay m ih s i i wi d l
ou se - r en t , a n ta n h s fe an c hi dr en .

H w
e an s m
er e d , iv m l v h
yo u u st i g em i
e ea e er e n to u se y c on s c en ce .

M v
or e o er m i df l
h e w as d so f l f
n u an so c ar e u or the p oor , th at he
w ldou v
r a th er i li e sp ar n gl y
( ) l
i n hi s h ou s e or a s w e say n eg e c t

hi m self ,wi f hi s id e an d ch
h l ld
r en x m t h an t a t an y s hou b e in e tr e ity.

im i l d
,

U p on a t e, see n g on e d s en mer l y a p p ar el l e he sen t t he hi s

w m b i i
,

go n , to m ake t he c l othe s
f d ( . It e n g r e u se s ayi n g th a t t h e r

w an t s w as n ot so
)
gr e at a s he w f h
s u p p o se d he an s er e d , t h at i t ey

ld b m lv will
,

d id r e fu se i t th e f a u l t s h ou f e u p on th e se es, or he wa s
v
i n g to g i e it , d an i d di
th at i t w a s b u t h h s u ty, a c c or ng t o t h at sp ee c

l H
i n t h e g o sp e , e l m
th at h ath tw o wi m c oat s , et hi p ar t th hi tha t
h a th S
n on e
”
h w ll b l v d f m m
o th a t e was d e d e o e o o st en , an h ate
i h d i i
.

o f v f f
n on e s a e a li ew o our Eng s h n at on , w o ha n ot h n g a g a n st

hi m b ut d i ff d f m
th at h e mi m p i
er e ro f li th e n so e o n ts o re g i on ; n ot

w w ld b
i th stan di n g h e ou d esee c h t h e L or to op en t h e ir eye s t o se e

b d
e tter , an f v m hi i
to or gi e d
t he td e r s ns : an he w a s r ea y t o h el p
an y o f m th e i ff d hi m
as o cc a s on wa s o er e .

1w w I on d e r J
he ther ohn S mi th was i n an y way c on n ec te d w i th the
foun d er o f the Li n c o l n B l ueco at S ch ool , wh o d esc r i b ed h i m sel f i n hi s
w v “
i l l , N o e mb er , 1 60 2 , a s R ic ha rd S m i th D oc tor i n P hysi ck e l ate o f
v w
L on d on b u t n ow o f W e l to n , n e ar L i n c ol n I ha e t ra ced on e n ep he
o f thi s d oc tor , n am ed
J o h n S m i th , a c l e r w w
gyman ,
h ose if
Mary b u t he d ied earl y i n 1 60 3 a t Bi n b rook , S t Mary, c o Li n col n
e s n am e was

A
.

J
. .
, .

m an uscr i p t c om m on pl a ce b ook of ohn S mi th s c ol l eag u e , S am u el War d ,

’

i n the l i b r a ry of S i d : S uss : C ol l ege , Ca mb rid ge, i s ful l o f e x tra c ts on

m ed ical m atter s ; p robabl y S mi th was i n terested i n m edi ci n e i n his
C amb ridg e d ays .

2 66
 f
I o h n Smi t h
o

T hu s ,li vi i l i
n g u pr i m
ght y n the s gh t o f all b i en , i l e ng b oth p a n fu
a n d c ar efu l to d o-

g o o d t o all , or sou l an d b od y,
f i a c c or d n g t o h i s

ab i i l
li ty, t p ea se d l
th e Lor d v i i m wi i
at e n gt h to s t hi th s c k n es s ,

an d wi di w
th a iv d
her eb y he p er c e e th a t hi s life sh ou d n ot
se as e l
lon g c on tin ue , ye t r e m i b
a n i n g a ou t se en v w d i
ee k s , ur n g the hi c h w
s p a c e he eha e d h
b v im lf C i i i x mi i
se hr s t an l ke , e a n n g hi s l fe , c o n i -

fe s si ng i
hi s s n s,i f i p r ay ng vi lw
orp at en ce , h a fid ng a ays c on en ce in
t he m er c y an d v f fa our o d w d im i
the L or to ar d Ad s h n th e en . ay

or tw o b e for e hi s d b e a th vi
the r ethr en m ha n g r e c o u r se u n t o hi ,

an d s o m e ofm m i
t he b
re ma n in g d y hi , he u tter e the se spee c he s
C o n cer n i n g the Chu r c h o f l d h i d M
E n g an , t e S ep ar at on , an r.

H el w i s , s ai th h e , I d o c on e s s
f m v i d y igr i e ou s s n s a n c orr u p t o n s in
the m an n er o f m i w d m w d d wii
y c ar r a ge to ar s th e in or s an r t n gs

b ut a s f or i f v
th e p o n t s o c on tr o er sy b et wix
t u s, I a p er m
s u a e I d d
d m
h a th e b etter of th e ; an as or d y f
a t hm f i
s a th h e , ia s I h a e v
d w i ld —
,

h
ta u g t a n r tten , so I n ow h o th a t t h e o sp e G l
h at h t w o
p a r t s : th e p r o mi
se on G o d b d i eh a lf , th e c o n di t on
’
s an on o ur

b eh a fl T he p r o mi i
s e s th e f v f i or gi ii f
en es s o s n s an d th e sp r t o

i w i i b m b m
.

r e g en e r a t o n , her e n we c an do n oth n g , ut u st e er e

i
p at en t s ; the c on di t i w i m b w on , here n wi
we u st e co - or k er s th th e
L or d , i s t o turn r o f m i d
o ur b i v H
s n s, an mi H to el e e i s pro se s, e

pr e v e n tin g u s wi H th whi
i s gr ace : ll
th e ch if we fai thfu y d o , the n ,
sa i th he , the L or d w il l f m H pe r mi
or w i i s pr o se u n to u s , here n in
so m m e ea s u r e e I h avm d v
d on e i l y en ea o ur u n fe gn e d y, yet I
c on fe ss v
I ha e m
b een an d a i b t oo m ws h ort ther e n, u t f or y ea k

n e s s an d w an ts I fl y to th e d m f ab u n an t wi l er c y o t h e L or d , w h o l
h el p t h o s e wi H m
h c h se e k u n to d f w b i an i you kn o an y et te r , I
i
,

b esee ch you n s tr u ct e m b f
e or e y m d d i v ( i ) e at h an f I li e sa th h e
I w l w wi
i l al k th n o other p e op e u t you all l b d
y ays m H d e d e si r e
i w l
.

w
hi s i fe al so so to d o, b e n g p er su a d e d th at she ou d w d an d i s he
that hi s ild ch l m i wi
r e n s h ou d re i a n if m m th u s, p r a y n g u s to n or th e
w ih er e n we md saw mi
th e A d o a f im ss . d n as or h s el f , he di n ow

des i i b
r e n oth n g h ut d w ld
t h at t e w
L or i ou d t a ke a ay hi s s n s , an

p u r ge d
hi s h e ar t , anw then he Hi m A i d i d
er e fi t f or . nd be ng es r e

t h at i f id l
th e L or d d i m f l i w il et h w l
ee t h e he ere a b e to s p ea k ,

th a t h e w l m i i ou d an fe st f t mf
un to wi us or our co ort , h ch he
p r o mi d se i
to d o , f
s ay n g d w l
t h at i v the L or ou d ou c h s a fe that
m er c y i mi t im
ght b e te st on y t o t h e w l w ld
h o e or , i s o r e st n g u n d er

t he h an d w ii H d l
of G od a t ng i s g oo p ea su r e , on e mi im co n g u n to h ,

an d a s kin g
’

h di d h ow wif d h ( i ) f d
e , I a
“ t or e at sa th h e , or e ath .
”

2 67
 L ife and D eat h
T he
“ B u t, “
s ai th sh e , l I h op e you mf fi
oo k fo r an other co or t r st
”

i
.

Im
”“ s ai th he , m the d eath mof
”
After
ean ,
y s n s. co p l ai n i n g
of his s i n s , on e o f i
t h e b r e th r e n m w all eg n g u n to hi th e or d s o f the

w i“
p r op he t, h er e h e s a th t h at t h e Lor d il l w d i n ot e s p se t h e b r ok e n
h ear t, N s a id b e , fo r I k n owH e is m i a er c fu l G o d , an d I
Hm j
s ee ki n g u n t o i I kn owH w e ill s e e k m wi
e l th th e p r o di ga c h il d

i l w
.

An other m “
s ay n g u n to hi I hop e yo u s hal do ell ; I tr u st yo u
i i i
,

a pp e r ta n
“
t o t h e L or d , “”
Ye s ,
”
s a d he, I do a p p er ta n u n to

H m i , f or IH m s ee k i m Hm
an d I lr un n ot wfr o i a l e gi n g th e or d s

w w
,

of the p r op h e t h er e h e s aith , m f m S ee k y a c e : y h e a r t an s er e d ,

I w ill s ee k thy fa ce
”
An oth e r m m W m
co in g u n t o h i s ai d, e u st

i l v
.
,

m
” “ ”
p ar t fr o you , N o, s a d h e , w e s h al n e er p ar t, for w e a r e
i
al l o f o n e s p ir t ;
“”
B ut,
”
i “
s he s a d , m
I ean wi
th you r b o dy
”

w i
.

”
H e an s er e d , L e t th at g o , l et that g o , s h a k n g hi s h an d T he
vi v i“ W
.

m ha d n g a s a d an
“
h e a y c ou n ten an c e , h e s a d , hy
sa e p son
er

d o you w m
e ep , a n d b r ea k y h e ar t ? w ”
B u t , s ai th s he , I eep

n ot. H”
w e an s
“ er e d m h er ,m m w i
B u t so e c o e u n to e e ep ng, I
p r ay you l e t u s d ep ar t mf l w
co ort a b y an d eep n ot a s those th at
wi
,
”
ar e th ou t h op e
i il
.

w
After ar d , c all n g im
hi s ch J b d r en to h as aco di d hi s s on s a

li l i i
,

tt e b efor e h i s
d b e ath , he m eg a n to in str u ct the i n t he p r n c p l e s
o f r eli gi on , i mtea c h ng t he th at th er e i s on e G od , cr eator of a l l
th i n g s , on e J i w m l
L or d e su s C hr s t, in lv i
ho i a on e s a a t on c on s s t e th ,

on e H iol y S p ir t, on e imm i i
fai th , on e b ap t s an fe st ng th a t th e b a p
i lw l i
,

ti s m of n fa n t s was m
un a fu An d d e an d n g of hi s C hil d r en

w l lv w i
.

h eth er they h a d r a ther th a t h e s h ou d d ie or i e, t h ey eep n g

sa i mi
d t h at h e iv f iv h
g tl e I m I l e, sai th he , I u st c or r e c t you ,

w
.

an d m
b ea t you , b u t you u st kn o th at I d o it n ot b ecau se I h a te
lv v
yo u , b u t b e c au s e I o e you , e en a s n ow th e Lor d m C h a s te n e t h e,

H
n ot b e c au s e m
e h ateth e , b u t f or th at e H l v
o m e th e
”
T he
i v l m v
.

b r e thr e n then sp e a k n g p r i at e y a on g the s el m “ e s, be s ai d, I

p ay
r
yo u , m
b r e thr e n , s p ea k u p , t h at I l
ay l
e ar n a s o An d on e .
”

m
a s ki n g h i q i i “
a w
u e s t on , b e n g a s tr a n g e r , hi c h ten d e d to s tr ife , h e
w m
o u l d n o t p er w
it an a n s er , B e c a u se ,
”
s ai d h e ,
“ i
I d e s r e to
i ”
i i d
h e ar n o c on ten t on n ow , b e in g d e s r o u s to en d s tr fe a n con ten
t i on w m v
in ho s oe iv he p er c e
er b w ed w
it to e, h er eb y h e s he ed

hi m self to b e m l of t he n u b er wi o f t hos e d h ch ar e th e b l e s s e
ch i l d r en of i
G od , as C hr st p r m
on o u n ce t h the p eac e a k er s to b e

( M a tt

i f i m w i wi m d
.

I n th e n gh t b e or e h s d ea th , so e ak n g th hi , he e si r e d

2 68
 C HA P T E R X V I I I
T HE R E MA I N D E R S OF S MI T H S
’
C O M P AN Y — UN I O N

WI T H THE ME N N O N I TE C H U R C H

B i
E FO R E
p g t c nsid t h n x
as s nt m v t a k n b
'

y on o o er e e o e e

T h mas H l wy and his Chu ch which land d t h m in

o e s r e e

L nd n th s t y
o o f th
,
c m p any wh adh d t
e or o e o o ere o

Smi th m y w ll b c nclud d F m th s a ch s
a e e o e . ro e re e r e

mad t A ms t dam by P f ss M ull th sul ts f

e a er ro e or e r, e re o

which h c mmunica d t D E vans it a pp a s that

e o te o r. ,
e r

th band f E nglishm n w h
e o had f ll w d Smi th s till e o o o e

h ld t g th af his d a th and c n tinu d t h ld

e o e er t er e , o e o o

re ligi us m tings in th Cak H us f Jan Mun t

o ee e e -
o e o e r.

Th y w e t y t admi tt d t full f ll wshi p wi th t h

ere n o e e o e o e

M nn ni t s
e ow th y f mally c ns t i tu t d in
e ,
n or er e e or o e

Chu ch d am ngs t th ms lv s Th y w c n t n t
r or er o e e e . e e re o e

t wai t f
o th w y t b orp n d f t he m M anwhil
a o e o e e or e . e e

th y e gula ly h ld th i w s vic s f p ais p y

re r e e r o n er e o r e, ra er

and p aching and w uld d ub t a tt nd th w shi p

re ,
o no o e e or

o f th M nn ni t s as ccasi n ff d and th i
e e o e o o o e re e r

acquain tanc wi th th Du tch t ngu im p v d A th

e e o e ro e . s e

m mb s f th Wa t land M nn ni t Chu ch cam

e er o e er er e o e r e

to kn w th m m o in timat ly bj c ti ns t th i
e ore e o e o o e r

admissi n as full m mb s w uld fad away

o e er o e .

A t l ng th T hu sda y N v mb
e ,
6 in th y a
on r ,
o e er ,
e e r

6 4 jus t v t w y a s aft Smi th s d ath and s m ’

1 1 , o er o e r er e o e

f u y a s aft th m ti n f uni n had fi s t b n

o r e r er e o o or o r ee

2 70
 A d m i t t ed M enn o ni te Chu r ch
to t he

mad th c nsis t y f th M nn ni t Chu ch d cid d

e, e o or o e e o e r e e

t b ing h
o r qu s t f th E nglish f admissi n b f
t e re e o e or o e ore

th wh l b dy f Chu ch m mb s f c nsid a i n
e o e o o r e er or o er t o .

T his was d n Sunday N v mb 9 and

o e on ,
o e er ,

tw o h w k s w all w d t th m mb s in
or t r ee ee e re o e o e e er

which t hin k t h ma t v and l dg bj c i ns

o t e te r o er o e o e t o .

N bj c i ns b ing mad th c nsis t y gav n tic

o o e t o e e e o or e o e to

th Chu ch Sunday J anua y 8 6 5 ha t h y

e r on ,
r 1 ,
1 1 ,
t t e

p p ro s d a k
o e p h E nglish
to t in t t h
e c mmuni
u y t e o e o t
on h f ll win g W dn sday acc ding t th i
t e o o qu s e e or o e r re e t .

B t u h T u sday
on t t h E nglish in t h Ca k
e e H us e e e o e,

numb ing ab u hi y m and w m n w sum

er o t t rt en o e , er e

m d b f
on e h c nsis y in th S pyk
e o re
“ t e o to r e er
”
or

G ana y m ing h us and had tw qu s i ns p t t

r r ee t -
o e o e t o u o

th m e

( ) I i i d m d j i
D o you p er s st n you r e m m i an to o n the co un ty ?
( ) 2 m i
D o yo u s tan d fi r i
i n agr e e i ng to ou r n t e r p r eta t on o f th e

d m og f
as i ff i w i h
an d p r o e s v i d wi
s on s o a th h c you h a e s gn e th your
ow n h an d s P

d cla d tha th y did x c pt ab u t f u

All e re t e e e o o r,
“who
,

s t d t fi m in s m p in ts chi fly ab u t h
oo no r o e o ,
”
e o t e

lawfuln ss f m agis acy and t a king ths Th y

e o tr oa . e

p romis d h w v e t ma
,
k y
o pp si
e i n in h
e r, n ot o e an o o t o t e

Chu ch r h s p ints Th c nsis y w f

on t o e o . e o to r e re or

s t i k ing
r th nam s f th s d ub ful candida s
ou t e e o e e o t te
“
and admi ing th s t B t all h E nglish d cla d
tt e re . u t e e re

f hwi h hat if s m w s t uc k t all f h m

o rt t t o e er e r ou , o t e

w uld s ic k t h i s clusi n as th y w t much

o t o t e r e o e e re oo

a ach d t ch th t s pa a t Th c sis t y f
tt e o ea o er o e r e . e on or o

t h Chu h h w v
e w uld t v n tu t admi t th
rc ,
o e er, o no e re o e

f w wh s
e p ini ns dif
o e f d f m t h
o s f t h Wa
o t e re ro o e o e er

land M nn ni t s and wh d clin d t ign th

er e o e ,
o e e o S e

2 71
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

C nf ssi n f Fai th a s c nd tim unl ss x p ss l av

o e o o e o e, e e re e e

t admi t t h m w
o giv n by th g n al b dy f Chu ch
e e re e e e er o o r

m mb s Th a ffai had c m t a d adl c k and i t

e er . e r o e o e o ,

l k d as th ugh th qu s ti n f admissi n t Chu ch

oo e o e e o o o o r

f ll wshi p w uld again b hung p

e o o e u .

I t is s t ang t ha t t h M nn ni t Chu ch w
r e hich was e e o e r ,

b y t adi t i n and s p i i t a
r c nf ssi nal Chu ch sh uld
o r n on - o e o r ,
o

in this cas hav d p a t d f f m it p inci pl s as

e e e r e so ar ro s r e

t o mak a d c t inal t s t a c ndi ti n f admissi n t

e o r e o o o o o

m mb shi p T h fac t t hat th d ti t fus d t

e er . e e I s s en en s re e o

S ign th C nf ssi n d awn p by H ans d Ri s and

e o e o ,
r u e e

L ubb t G i tt
er a s c nd t im indicat s tha t th
er r s, e o e e e

subsc i p ti n mad t that d cum n t

r o th p vi us e o o e on e re o

o ccasi n was nly n tat iv d p visi nal T t h

o o te e an ro o . o e

re g t f all th n th qu s i f admissi n was l f

re o ,
e ,
e e t on o o e t
und cid d Wh n th E nglish wi thd w f m th
e e . e e re ro e

c nsis t y m ting th y ti d t discuss th matt

o or ee e re re o e er

am ng th ms lves and that nigh t th f u diss n ting

o e e ,
e o r e

f i nds u g d th h s t j in th M nn ni t m
r e r e e ot er o
'

o e e o e co

muni ty v n if th y th ms lv s w t b j c t d
,
e e e e e e ere o e re e e .

T his c s was ag d u p n and a ly th m ning

ou r e re e o , e r on e or

o f W dn sda y Janua y
e e 6 5 h f i nds , p t d r 1 1 ,
t e r e re or e

t h i d cisi n t th c nsis t y and t h w y b ing t hus

e r e o o e o or ,
e a e

l a d th y w that v y d y j yfully admi t d t

C e re e e re er a o t e o

th c mmuni ty in th
e o p n c ng ga t i n e o e o re o .

B f th y w admi tt d th w a f w wh had
e o re e e re e e re e re e o

t b ba p t iz d
o e Th was Swi thin G indall a y ung
e . ere r ,
o

man f pa ts f m T uns tal in Y k shi H i p a n ts

o r ro ,
or re. s re

J hn and Ma y G indall had b n baptiz d by J h

o r r ee e o n

Smi h and w h was wai ing f admissi n Ma ga t

t ,
no e t or o . r re

M is wh m h was b t th d had sign d th

o rr ,
to o e e ro e ,
e e

C nf ssi n f Fai th wi th h s t f Smi th s c m pan y

o e o o t e re o
’
o .

2 72
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Origin s
,

fashi n o tha t d y b y Hans d

on R i s in t ha
“ Ca k e e e e

H us o th i
e, usual plac f m ting and t h n th
e r e o ee ,
e e

c m p any f E nglish p c d d t th Wa t land

o o ro e e e o e er er

m ting and w
ee c iv d in t th c mmuni ty in th
e re r e e e o e o e

o p n c ng ga t i n
e o N f sh ba p t ism was
re o . qui d in0 re re re

t h cas e f t h s wh had b n ba p tiz d b y J hn Smi th

e o o e o ee e o ,

and thus th bap tism adminis t d by him was taci tly

e er e

ac k n wl dg d t b valid O that p in t th a gu m n ts
o e e o e . n o e r e

o f H l wy had b n
e s f s m ff c t and thisee t o f o e e e ,
ac o

re oc gni ti n w uld m v o og und f c n t v sy re o e on e ro o o ro er

b tw n th m mb s f his li ttl Chu ch d th

e ee e e er o e r an e

M nn ni t s
e o e .

T h ugh t h E nglish w
o ew admi tt d t all th e re n o e o e

p ivil
r g s f
e t h
e Chu cho c uld p a te a k f t h Lr d s , o r e o e or
’

Su p p and th dinanc f baptism sha in li f

er e or e o , re re e ,

and p a tici pat in th disci p lin y t th y c n tinu d

r e e e, e e o e

t h ld s p a a t m
o o e t i gs f r w shi p and p aching in
e ee n or or re

E nglish in t h Ca k H us O Jun 8 6 e e o e. n e ,
1 2 0, on e

o f t h i p ach s was c nfi m d t
e r re er full s vic and o r e o er e

or dain d as E ld by th l d minis t R ini Wyb t

e er e o er e er ra n s

and his c ll agu P t A d i o e e and thus th y

e er n r ess e n , e

migh t b c nsid d a s pa at E nglish Chu ch f t h

e o e re e r e r o e

M nn ni t c mmuni ty wi th a minis t w m p w d
e o e o er n o e o er e

to d mi t
a ba ptism and th L d s Supp U p t
n s er e or
’
er . o

th e
y a 6 37
e r ba p t ism 1 was f qu n t l y adminis t d in re e e re

th Ca k
e H us e I t is significan t t hat a l tt
o e. f m e er ro

A ms t dam in 6 4 t f i nds in E ngland was

er 1 2 sign d
o r e e

wi th th c ns n t and all wanc f th minis t s and

e o e o e o e er

d ac ns f th Du t ch and E nglish Chu ch s f J sus

e o o e r e o e

Ch is t in that p lac as th u gh th tw w s p a at ly
r e,
” 1
o e o er e e r e

or ganis d e .

v 7
1 E an s , I I . , p 3
. .
 E nglis h
and D u t ch C o al e sc e
G adually th E nglish b cam m g d in th Du tch
r e e e er e e .

T h uni n f t h t w p a i s says P f ss Mull ”

e o o e o rt e ,
ro e or er ,

had b c m cl s that th 8 th f July 64 an

e o e so o e on e o ,
1 0,

E nglishman J s p h D w was p p s d b y t h Wa t
,
o e re ,
ro o e e er

land c nsis t y as minis t which ff h acc pt d

o or er, o er e e e on

th 8 th f D c mb
e o al th ugh h was ath af aid that
e e er, o e r er r

his languag migh t b an bj c ti n h b ing us d t th

e e o e o ,
e e e o e

E nglish Wi th th m ting f th L ng Pa liam n t

1
’
. e ee o e o r e

th e s v t atm n t f th s wh di ff d f m th
e e re re e o o e o er e ro e

A nglican Chu ch was la x d Th s t am f mig a ti n

r re e . e re o r o

to H lland was ch c k d
o I t had al ad y in p a t b n
e e . re r ee

div d t N w E ngland A th infl w f f sh

er te o e . s e o o re

E nglish s p a k ing m mb s c as d t h abs p t i n by t h

-
e e er e e ,
e or o e

M nn ni t s f th A mst dam s ct i n f tha Chu ch

e o e o e er e o o t r

which Smi th had gath d t Gainsb ugh was m er e a oro co

p l
e et d I t . mains t t ac re t h f t un s f t h s c t
o i n r e e or e o e e o

t ha t adh d t H l wy f as th s t y can t p s n t
e re o e s so ar e or a re e

be re ocv d e re .

1 E van s, i .
p . 223 .

2 75
 C HA P T E R XI X

T H E R ET U R N O F H E LWY S A N D MU R T O N T O E N G LA N D

THE M YS TE RY OF I N I QU I T Y — C O N TRO V ER S Y
WI T H J OH N RO BI N S O N

Smi h s d a h H l wy cam t h
AB O U T t he t im e of t
’
e t e s e o t e

c nvic i n ha i was w ng t fl f m p s cu i n
o t o t t t ro o ee ro er e t o ,

an d ha h and his c un y m n had t a k

t t e a fals s p o tr e en e te
in l aving h i w land and s k ing f g in H lland
e t e r o n ee re u e o .

Th y ugh
e hav main d h m and p a i n ly
o t to e re e at o e t e t
b n all ha man migh t d
or e h m f h sak f h
t t o to t e or t e e o t e

h H d cid d t u n E ngland Hi vi ws
tr u t . e e e o ret r to . s e

u p n his p in w
o t in h c ncluding pag s f
o t e r e s e t o ut t e o e
1
o

n
“
a si gula b k n i l d A Sh D cl a i n f h
r oo e t t e ort e ar t o o t e

Mis y f I niqui y which h p ublish d in 6 T his

te r o t ,
”
e e 1 12.

b k b a s vid nc in i s yl and ma t t hat H l wy

oo e r e e e ts t e t er e s

was g a l y v w ugh t Hi mind was bs ss d wi h

re t o er ro . s o e e t
th id a ha h had a iv d
e e t
“ h da ys f g a s
t e rr e at t e o re te t
tribula i n s p k n f by Ch is wh in h ab mina i n
t o o e o r t e re t e o t o

f d s la i n is s n in th h ly p lac T h ”
o e o b t o ee to e s et e o e. er e

had b n a g n al d p a ing f m h fai h and an

ee e er e rt ro t e t
u d s la i n f all u ligi n Th R man
tt e r e o t o o tr e re o . e o

Ca h lic Chu ch was w ng th A nglican Chu ch was

t o r ro ,
e r

w g Pu i anism was w ng B wnism was w ng

ro n ,
r t ro , ro ro ,

J hn R bins n in p a icula was w g H l wy had

o o o rt r r on . e s

caugh a visi n f h t h and th s u p nd us tas k f

t o o t e r ut ,
e t e o o

2 04 —2 1 2
1 M i stery o f I n i qu i ty , pp S ee al so
“E i s tl e t o the
. .
p
S ig A ij
"
R ead er . . .

2 76
 Smit h Hel wys and B ap t is t Origins
,

T his fi x s t h p lac wh e H l wy p i ch d wh n h
e e e re e s t e e e

re tu n d f m A ms t dam
r e ro I d t thin k h er cam . o no e e

back b f th cl s f th y a 6 e o re e o eth a ly o e e r 1 12 or e e r

m n ths f 6 3 H p t his b k t th p ss in H lland

o o 1 1 . e u oo o e re o ,

an d p babl y saw i c m p l t d b f
ro h l ft that
t o e e e o re e e

c un t y I cann t m mb
o r .
y p assag o in i
re t t h a t e er an e

w uld indica t tha h had al ady l f that land I t is

o e t e re e t .

t u r t ha h
e says th las t pag in s p ak ing f th
t e on e e, e o e

S pa a is t l ad s
e r t e er

H m owb u ch
h d i b h h d iv
e tt e r a i liv t een t at t ey ha g en th e r es

for t ha t tr u t
h f i i
t h ey p r o
C i es s n th e r ow n ou n tr e s . N ow, as we
thr ou g ht h e gr a c e o
f G do d b
an y t hew f i w d
a r r an t o h s or

c a s t a ayw v
t h es e p e r e r te r s o
f h l i
t e h o y scr p tu r e s an d h i
t e r
d i
o c tr n es , so w e wi llsh a s o tod f
o t h at G d
e ar o an dse e kth e
f i
gl ory o h s m d m na d l d w
e an h i li v ico h i e an ay o n t e r es n t e r ow n

C i
” 1
f
c ou n tr y o r d hi hr st a n s tr u th .

B t t his I t a k
u b a g n al invi t a t i n t j m
e to e th e er o o o In e

v n tu u p n which H l wy and his c m p ani ns w

e re o e s o o e re

no w s lv d t mba k Th t and d if f th
re o e o e r . e on e r t o e

e p is t l t t he ad o and t h c
e re ncluding s c t
eri n fligh t e o e o on

in p s cu ti n h las t p a ts t b add d t h b k
er e o ,
t e r o e e o t e oo ,

indicat ha t H l wy was th p in t f und tak ing

e t e s on e o o er

t his missi n t his K ing and c un t ym n and

o o t t ha t o r e ,
no

h had l ad y n t
e a re d u p n it e e re o

L hi k
e t n on e tl h i n wh b il di g
th a t w e ar e a tog et er gn oran t at u n

an d w f ar ar e i d w e ta k e h v n d w
h an d an d th a t w e a e n ot s at o n an

in so m m e eas u r e id d wh h t h o r o u g hl y d d c on s er e at t e c o s t an an g e r

m b
ay l
e, an d ik h
al so wie t n on e d
th n t at we ar e th o u t s en s e a n

f l
ee in g i bi i b i d w
of ou r o wn na l ty to eg n d an our e a kn e s s to en ur e

to t he d wi
en d the f e h w b i l
g h t a n d an g e r o s uc or k , ut n al th e s e
th i g h p d w i f wi d m d
n s we o e an hf m a t L d
or s o an s tr e n g t ro t he or .
”

1
! Mi stery f
o I n i qu i ty , p . 2 12.

2 78
 D isa pp o in t e d
H op es
H l wy w i t s wi h a f ling f bi tt n ss and dis
e s r e t ee o er e

app in m n t ab u th sul s i h i s j u n in H lland

o t e o t e re t o t e r o o r o ,

and insinuat s tha t h l ad s in th S pa a is t m v

e t e e er e e r t o e

m n t th ac t d f m c av n and w ldly m iv s A
e e re e ro r e or ot e . s

a layman h l k d wi h a j al us y p n h sala y
e oo e t e o e e u o t e r

p aid t toh s w h o eminis d in

o p i i ual hingstere H S r t t . e

w as g i v d t th d f c ti n f b l v d f i nds T h
r e e a e e e o o e o e r e . e

high h p s wi h which h l ft E ngland b t a f w sh t

o e t e e u e or

y ea sr b f w
e or e dash d e re e .

W e ld ho lv b d o ur s e wl d d
es ou n to a c kn o e g e an that oth er s

mi b w m i v
,

g ht e ar n e d , to an (
fe s t, how w e ha e b e en thr ou g h ou r

gr ea t w ) m
ea kn e ss l d i f
is l ed dby l d ec e t v u he a r t e ea er s , wh o ha e

an d d o s e ek v i li v d w ill m
to sa e th e r es anl m a ke s u r e n ot to os e th e
for C i hr d
s t, a n i i C i
t h er e for e th e y fl ee n to for e g n o u n tr es a n d fr e e

S ta te s an d d w lra p emop e a f te r t h e to i Ki m fi
s u p p or t t h e r n g d o s r s t
i i b li i
,

s e ek n g th e r ow n s af e ty a n
d ( th en p u ) sh n g as t he y p r e t e n d t h e
l
g o s p e or s e e k i Ki m f v f
ng th e n gd o mo wi hea en a s ar a s th e y ay th
i f
the r sa e ty
”
. .
1

W w ill b
e l m bl f i d j d m
p as s y the a e n ta e ru ts an u ge en t s

tha t w e h a v [ ] e s e en wi a n d d o s ee ll w i m l
th o u r eye s fo o th s da n ab e

e r r or w m hen an y ,m m ye a the os t m en th a t h a d i n a gr e at ea s u r e

for s a k en lv th e o w l db
e of th e or l
d an m eg u n to b e z e a ou s o f so e

g ood i
th i
n gs w b i ii d
be ng dra n y th d i
s o p n on an th e s e se u c er s n to

for ei i wi w i
gn c ou n tr e s , n ot k n o n g h c h w ay to s u p p or t th e r ou t ar i w d
v i
e s t a t e , h a e t u r n e d ag a n u n to th e w l i
or d a n d a r e f a n t o hu n t t o

an d fr o , far v
a n d n ear , a f te r e i d l li l
e ry o c c a s on , an al i s to o tt e to
i m
s a t s fy i w
o s t of the r i w ill i f m f i
a n t s , a n d n oth n g s at s y so e o the r

d esi A r es. i d m
ll t h e s e th n g s a n m i li i
an y or e t h e se h re n gs the r

s h ep h e r d s w l b wi l
c an e l e ar th a so iv th at th e y r e tu rn to th e h e t ha t
thei r p os t ii m on v Ad
ay n o t be f
r ep r o ed . n t hos e o b e s t h e ar ts an d
so m e of q i
b e st u al ty th at v d i
c a n n ot r u n a n d r o e an set th e r h e a r ts
to s eek w l th e m
or d c on s u v e ll tha t th ey h a d e an d fa u n d er h ar
c on d ii t on s a n d li l d li l l
by tt i fi lv l
e an tt e os e th e r r st o e a so . I t is
th e g e n e r a lj m u dg m i en t iwe ai b at m n all th s, i n t ha t y thes e ean s

m
for er z e al b an d fi b i i
t he e st w i
r st m
e g n n n gs that er e n thes e en

1 Mi s tery of I n i qu i ty ,
pp . 2 04 , 2 0 5.

2 79
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Origin s
,

do v i fd w
an sh ,d m hi a f i de ai ay , a n
” 1
co e to n ot n g, to th e un e gn e gr e f
of o u r so u l s to see it .

To t h s p ach s cas p n h S pa atis l ad s

e e re ro e t u o t e e r t e er

J hn R bins n p in n ly pli d
o o o er t e t re e
‘

i i ll
I f 2 we pr nc pa y sou g h t ou r ea r thl y g o o d o r s a f e ty. w hy d i d
we n o t a b id e m at ho i i
e, or w hy r e tu r n we n ot t h th e r ap p l y n g

lv
ou r s e im
es m
to t h e t es a s s o an y t ho u s a n d s d o P
”

H d cla d h y migh hav p cu d

e e re t h ems lv s
e t e ro re to t e e

as h kn w w ll m ch m a hl y h l p and fu h
e e e ,
”
u ore e rt e rt er

anc h in H lland if h y had nl y s ugh

e er e o t p t e o o t to se u

such a Chu ch as H l wy had f am d r — A nab p is t e s r e an a t

Chu ch “
r f which w shou t o ld h w child as e ou t ro ou r ren

h ha h d n which w migh d saf l y n ugh if [ h y

e t o e, e t o e e o t e

a re
] wi h u t i t A o d f d awing
S n. v ”
h p p l I n or r o er t e eo e,

kn w n n
o f h guid s b
o e o w as much d awn v
t e e ut er e r o er

b y h m as d awing h m
t e r t e .

T h n c m s in h p assag al ad y qu
e o e d t lling f
t e e re o te e o

H l wy
e f wa dn ss in h w k f mig a i n and
’
s s or r e t e or o r t o ,

R bins n c
o inu s
o on t e

i l f wi m m
N e i th er i s i t l ke y i h e , an the p e opl e
d th hi at A s te r

m v
d a , c o u l d h a e gon e o n c omf l o r ta b y a s the y d e s i r e d , t h a t t h e

un l aw fli w
f u l n e s s of g ht v v m m
o u l d e e r h a e t r ou b l e d hi ; but or e

vi l
t ha n l ik e l y i t i s tha t, h a n g s c atte r e d th e p eop e b y hi s h e a d y a n d
i wi i l i m
n d i s cr ee t c ou r s e s an d o th e r s e d s ab e d h l
s e lf , th at n a t u r a

c on fi wi
d en c e h m ch i
ab ou n d e d i n hi took occa s on , u n d er an

ii l
a p p e a r a n c e of s
p r m tu a c ou r a g e , t o p r e ss hi u p on t h os e d e s p er a t e
w
c ou r s e s l hi c h h e wi of m l i
ate h a th r u n By h ch he i g ht a so th nk

l Ki i
.

i t hi s gl o r y t o d ar e an d C ha l e n g e ng an d S ta te t o th e r fa c es
a n d n ot to g iv m
e w a y t o th e ; n o, n ot a f oot : as i n d ee d it f a r
b e tter wi
ag r e e s ii th ma b ol d sp r t an d hau g hty s to a c h t hu s t o d o ,

t ha n w l
i th th e i fi mi
a p o st e i w
i n th e b a se n r ty of C hr st to b e l e t d o n

thr ou gh wl a a d l in w a b a sk e t, an to r un a a y.
” 3

1
Al i s ter ; of I ni q u i ty , p 2 1 1 . .

2
R ob in so n , Wor les , iii , p 1 59 . . .

3
R ob i n son , Wor ks , i i i , 1 6 1 4 , p . . 1 59. S ee a n te, p . 10 7 .

2 80
 S m i t h H el wys and B ap tis t Origins
,

ha v p hd h i f L d
e re ac e S l to h t e c ty o on on ur e y n ot as t e

l d id i h
a p o s t es d b i l m hl d
n t e s yn ag og u e s a n
pu l c p ac e s ; uc e ss o
th e y fl bi p ee
( if h w ill v i ) f m i
e ng er secu ted or g o, so t ey ha e t ro C ty to
c i ty to p r e a ch .

is p ssibl ha t H l wy hims lf had b n im

It o e t e s e ee

p is
r n d wh
o n R
e bins n w t ehis b k H l w
o
y had o ro e oo . e s

as k d Wh n will h s m acc ding t his l f

e , e t e e en or o t ru e o

Ch is ( Lu k i x 5) hak ff h dus t f h i f f a
r t e . S e o t e o t e r ee t or

wi n ss agains A ms dam and L yd n which Ci i s

t e t t er e e t e

n i th c iv h m
e er re e h w d t h y b ing
e t eh wis n or t e or e r ot er e

t han h y c iv T u k s and J ws and all s s wh

t e re e e r e ort o

c m nly t s k saf y and p fi ?

o e o o I ans w
ee et ro t e r,
”

says R bins n wh n w “ o a p s l s as h y w
o e e ar e o t e t e e re
,

[ wh
to m J sus gav
o h c mmand
e ] and d again ke t e o , o as
,

w hy di d h and why d n ot t his c m p ani ns sha k

e, ff o no o o e o

t h dus t f h i
e f t agains t L nd n which c iv s
o t e r ee o o re e e

th m t t all ?
” 1
e no a

I m y b inf
t d f m this tha R bins n k n w
a e e rre ro t o o e

t ha t H l wy was e w d ain d in L nd n in p is n b
s no et e o o r o ,
ut

t h ugh h migh t v y w ll hav

o t e aw y wh n h er e e run a e e

f und his m ssag was

o c iv d t h
e H l w y had
e n o t re e e er e . e s

u g d against th E nglish S p a a tis s wh had fl d

r e e e r t o e to
H lland t h cas
o f Ch is t s e nj ining h man dis e o r
’
e o t e

p ss
o ss d f
e h de vil g o h m t his f
e i nds ande to o o e to r e

S h w th m what g at hings h L d had d n f

o e re t t e or o e or

him R bins n t s Why g t th y h m v y

. o o r e or t ,
o no e o e e er

on e t his f i nds f ha d b abid in L nd n

o r e or t t en ,
ut e o o

wh f w s f h i f i nds P
er e e e t o t e r r e are
2

T hus w th fi s B ap is t Chu ch p lan t d

e s ee e r t t r e on

E nglish s il in h m op lis I t was a Chut chel d et ro o . r e

1 R ob in son , I/Vor hs , ii i .
, p . 1 63 .

2
Wor hs , iii , p 1 6 2 . . .

2 82
 Fi r s t B ap tis t Chu r ch in L o nd o n
and ffi c d by lay m n I t had b n t s t d by th
o e re e . ee e e e

t ials f x il and t h fi s f c n t v s y
r o e e I t had b n e re o o ro er . ee

en ich d by c n tac t wi th th lif f H lland I t had

r e o e e o o .

se t f t h it D cla a t i n f Fai t h t th w
or s e ld I t cam
r o o o e or . e

g atl y da in g in t c tain t ubl and p s cu ti n

re r o er ro e er e o ,

s lv d t b a all f th sak f th t th f G d I t
re o e o e r or e e o e ru o o .

was d p iv d alm s t t nc f it hi f l ad s by im
e r e o a o e o s C e e er ,

p is
r nm n
o t b t s t ill
e i t h ld
,
t g t h
u T h s b av m e o e er . e e r e en

an d w m n w o dignifi d by th g a tn ss f th
e e re e e re e o e

caus th y had s p us d T h i Chu ch f m d a

e e e o e . e r r or e

nucl us und which th s f k ind d mind am ngs t

e ro o e o re o

th i c un t ym n c uld g u p t h ms lv s F m th
e r o r e o ro e e e . ro e

h a t f this c mmuni ty t h w n t t in af y a s a
e r o o e re e ou te r e r

n bl p l a f lib ty f c nsci nc which was f ui ful

o e e or er o o e e r t

of g d sul ts A th y t il d t th i c aft s f
oo re . s e o e a e r r or

a liv lih d th y m di ta t d u p n th d p t hings f

e oo e e e o e ee o

G d and t h
o s ul I th w l t f p d s tina ian
e o . n e e er o re e r

th l gy that ma k d th i t im t h y al n am ngs t
eo o r e e r e e o e o

E n glishm n u tsid th an k s f th A nglican and

e o e e r o e

R man Chu ch s k pt a cl a fi ld in t h i sch m

o r e e f e r e e r e e o

th ugh t f
o th f m al act i n f man
or e r ee or o o .

H W EL H A YS B H ON T E N G L I CA N IS O PS

W n d e t f ll w H l wy
ee no in t all th p ics o o e s o e to
handl d in his last b k Th
e hwv oo . er e ar e , o e e r, one or

tw poassag s which c m e t f th h a t f his lif o e ou o e e r o e

ex p i nc and s m tha t lat t his c n t v sy wi th

er e e, o e re e o o ro er

R bins n t ha sh uld b n t d
o o t I d t kn w f
o
y e o e . o no o o an

m vivid p ic tu f th p s cu ting p licy f E liza

or e re o e er e o o

b than and Jac b an bish p s in t h i ff ts t s cu

e o e o e r e or o e re

unif mi ty t han th
or , giv n in th f ll wing w ds e one e e o o or

wi h which H l wy add ss d th m
t e s re e e

2 83
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys and B ap tis t Or igins
L et us p er su a d e you i n fe ar to G od an d s h a m e to m e n to
c a st a w ay a l l th e s e c ou r se s w e s h al l n o w m en t on D O n ot he n i . w
a p o or s ou l b y vi l
o e n c e i s b r ou g ht b e fo r e yo u to s p ea k h i s c on

i
s c en c e in th e p r ofes s on i of h i s r e l ig on i to hi s G o d — d o n ot fi r st

im p l or e th e o a th ex ofii ci o O h, m ost wi c k e d c ou r s e 1 An d if h e
wi i i l l
.

ll yi e l
n ot d t o t h a t t h e n m p r s o n h i m c o s e O h h or r i b e
wi i
,

v
.

s e er i ty ! I f he l l n ot b e f or c e d by i m p r s on me n t , the n
x mi
e a n e hi m on d iv l wi
e r s a r ti c es th ou t o ath t o s ee i f h e m ay b e
iv
i n tr a pp e d a n y w ay, O , g r e ou s i m p i e ty l — an d i f a n y p i e ce
of vad ( i
an ta g e w e w i
th er i n w i )
or d or r ti n g or by tn e s s c an

b e g ot te n tu r n the M i
a g s tr a te s sw m o r d u p on hi an d t a k e h i s l i fe ,
O h, b
l o od y c ru el ty ! I f n o a dv m an tag e c an b e fou n d ge t hi
b an i s h e d ou t O f l hi s m
n at u r a c o u n tr y a n d fr o h i s fa th er s h ou s e ,
’

l et hi m li v ve m
or s tar e, it m
a tt er s n ot , O h, u n n a tu r a l co

p a s s i o n a t e n wi
e s s i 1 th ou t p ty m
L e t th e s e c o u r s e s b e f a r fr o yo u ,
fo r t h e r e l i h m i
i s n o s h o w o f g r a c e , r e i g o n n or u a n ty i n th e se
c ou r s e s i wi
T h s i s to li e i n l a t f or b o od , a n d to l a y sn ar e s

l im l l m l
.

s e c r et y to t a k e t h e s p e to s ay hi An d l e t i t b e tr u y
v w mi
.

O b s er ed h e ther t h o se th a t ar e of t he Ro sh p r o f e s s i on
( v
s er an ts fiof
)
th e m i r st i
b eas t co ng in q u e s t o n b ef or e th e
H v
i er a r c hy h a m e n otm v
f ou n d uch or e fa o u r tha n t h os e t h a t

ha v e ms to o d m i os t for r e for a t on ? An d h a th th e r e n ot been

g n a s h in g of w
t e e th and w gn a x m in g of t on gu e s i th al l e tr e e

p e r v e r s e n es s m an d i c on t e w pt a ga n s t t he on e , h en th er e h a th
b e en g o o d m l v i w
i d a n d e e n c a r r ag e t o a r d s the other ? W hi c h
w
g ood c ar r i ag e t o ar d s th e m v v
w e d is a pp r o e n ot n or en y n ot , b u t
c ou l d w w
i s h tha t t he h ol es o em w w
or d o f d oc tri n e i t h a l l t h e c or d s
Of lv w o e l er e a pp ie d m an d i i m
u s ed u n to the for the r n fo r a ti o n

an d w
d ra m m
i n g th e i i fr o th e m r bl n d e r r or s . B u t we e n t i on it to
th i s en d ww to s ho hat u p r i g htn es s ther e c an b e t o G od or th e
Ki ng i n t hi s .
” 1

I will b n ic d f m h la s n t nc s hat
t e ot e ro t e tt e r e e e t
t h ugh H l wy d s d R man Ca h licism li k
o e s e te te o t o e

p is
o n h
o was , p p
e a d acc red R man
re C h lics
to or to o at o

t ha l anc and fai a m n

t to er e h h nds f h
r t re t e t at t e a o t e
S a which h d mand d f hims lf
t te e e e or e .

1
M i stery of I n i qu i ty, p . 29 .

2 84
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys
and B ap tis t Or igins
no w y f a m t j in un t
or enCh is t b t t am nd th i
o o o r u o e e r

liv s and b baptiz d and by baptism t p t Ch is t

e e e o u on r .

T his t h y had e t d n I f th y ga d d th baptism

no o e . e re r e e

re ec iv d in th A nglican Chu ch as t u baptism h n

e e r r e ,
t e

t h y mus t
e ga d th A nglican Chu ch as a t u Chu ch
re r e r r e r ,

and in that cas th y w u tt ly w ng in s p a at ing e e e re er ro e r

f m h T hat was th gis t f th a gum n t f

ro er . e o e r e o

H l wy e I t was nl y by ma k ing cu i us and sub t l

s . o r o e

dis t incti ns that th S p a a tists c uld justify th i

o e e r o e r

p osi t i n o t his ma
on t t t t h ms lv s H n y B erw o e e e . e r ar ro e

lab u d wi th th d iffi l ty I t was admi tt d that

o re e cu .
1
e

A glican ba p tism was

n t all t ha t i t migh t b b t it no e, u

was saf and m sp ctabl than A

er or e re e e na

b pt i
a R bins n d v t d a la g am un t f
o o e o e r e o o

t im and ing nui ty t th c nsid a t i n f t his qu s t i n

e e o e o er o o e o ,

and sa tisfi d hims lf tha t t u ba ptism migh t b admin

e e r e e

i t
s er e d in a fals Chu ch B y mak ing an a bi t a y dis
e r . r r r

t inc t i n b t w n inn
o e and u t baptism h f l t that h
ee er o er ,
e e e

sav d th cas f infan t bap tism which was mad

e e e o e

e ff c tual t b li v s i aft y a s th i p n tanc

e o e e er n er e r on e r re e e .

T h s a gum n t s s t c k th p lain man as s m wha t

e e r e ru e o e

So p his t ical and t h, y w ud l y b ush d awa

e y in “

ere r e r e

H l wy e b k Th s c ti ns f his w k d aling wi th
s s
’
oo . e e o o or e

t h s p in t s w
e e o t wi th u t ff c t
er e n o R bins n admi t s o e e . o o

as much wh n h says div s w ak p s ns hav b n

e e er
2
e er o e ee

t ubl d and abus d

ro e by t h m H als t lls us t ha t
e e . e o e

H l wy by his
e s
“ l ud and lic n ti us clam u s had o e o o r
”

“aff igh t d t w
r e th sim p l p pl f m that th i
o or r ee e eo e ro e r

baptism c iv d in th ass mbli s f th Chu ch f

s o re e e , e e e o e r o

S ee his B r i ef D i scov er i e of the F a l se Chu r ch, 1 590 , pp

1
1 15 —1 2 0
w . .

Robi n son fol l o ed the sa m e l i n e of arg um en t as B arrowe .

2 W hs
, i i , pp
or i 1 64 , 1 9 7
. . .

2 86
 J o hn R o bins o n s R ep l y t o Helwys ’

E ngland A y .a t R binst n f l tan t his b k r b y e o o e oo

H l wy and h ma t t s i handl d
e s t e b f such er t e to e o

im p tanc t ha h k p ains t answ t s m l ngth

or e t e t oo o er a o e e

th e p a t s which r s p ciall y c nc n d him H issu

e d o er e . e e

his ply in 6 4 I answ

re 1 H l wy 1 .c n t n ti n n er to e s s
’
o e o

t ha t y ou
“
cann t divid th wat and th s pi i t in
o e e er e r
”

t h t u Ch is t ian ba p ism and t ha t

e r e r
“ th ba p ism f t e t o
,

Ch is t is t b wash d wi th wat and th H ly Gh s

r o e e er e o o t,
” 1

R bins n ma k s a s t a m n t which h ws a glin t f

o o e te e t ro o

ligh u p n h disci plin f h S pa a tis s ci ti s

t o t e e o t e e r t o e e .

I w uld k n w o h say s “ f th s d ubl wash s

o
”
e o e e o e- er
, , ,

wh h if a man p f ssing h sam fai h wi h h m

et er, ro e t e e t t t e

in h lin ss u wa dl y b in hyp c isy sh uld b

o e o t r ,
ut o r ,
o e

ba p iz d by h m and tha t aft wa ds his h a t sh uld

t e t e er r e r o

s i k him and G d giv him t u p n tanc (l t it b th

tr e ,
o e r e re e e e e e

p s
er o n t h y k n w f t ha
e t fl d f m us ound adm o ni t i n e ro er o o

f orsin and j ining t and b ing baptiz d by th m was

,
o o e e e

p s
re e n l y af t b y t h ms lv s f
te r und in t h sam sin and
e e e o e e

so c nsu d ) wh th I y h y w uld p a t th i
e re ,
e er , sa ,
t e o re e e r

o u twa d washing f m l y mad as n n b caus

r or er e, o e, e e

t h was t j in d wi h it th inwa d washing f th

ere no o e t e r o e

S p i i t ? O if th y thin k it n n and th f
r r e o e so e ore

m n ti n d p s n
e o e ind d c iv d in by baptism
er o n ot , ee ,
re e e ,

as h y s p ak wh f did h y th n x c mmunica t
t e e ,
e r e or e t e e e o e

t h sam p s n P
” 2
e e er o

I t is nly fai that R bins n c nclusi n ab u t ’

‘

o r o o s o o o

th e t nti n
re e f A g lican ba pt ism sh uld b g iv n
o o n o e e

in his w w ds I c nclud h says that

o
“ n or . o e,
”
e ,

th e re is an u t wa d baptism by wat and o r i er an n

wa d baptism by t h S p i i t whi h th u gh th y
r e r c , o e

1 M i stery p 1 3 9 , . .

2
Of R el i gi ou s Commu n i on , Wor ks , i i i , pp . 1 84 , 1 8 5 .
 S mi t h H elw ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

ou gh t t t b s v d in th i t im by G d s a pp in t
no o e e er e e r e o
’
o

m n y t many t im s
e t e b y man s d faul t ; ha t t h e are
’
e t e
ou t wa d ba p tism in th nam f th Fa h S and
r e e o e t er , on

H l y Gh s t admi is t
o d in an ap stat Chu ch is fals
o ,
n er e o e r , e

baptism in th adminis t ati n and y in i ts lf and w

e r o , et e o n

nat u a p i i t ual dinanc t h ug h abus d and wh s

re S r or e, o e o e

s p i i tual us s ca n t b had wi th u t p n tanc by

r e n o e o re e e :

which p n anc and th aft b p is m f th S p i i t t

re e t e e er a t o e r ,

is sanc tifi d and t t b p a d e This c nclusi n

no o e re e te .
” 1
o o

m y hav sa t isfi d R bins n and his f ll w s b

a e e it o o o o er , ut

was t li k ly t sat isfy h m th ugh g ing and

no e o t e or e or o o

d wn igh S pa a tis s
o r t e r t .

I a
n re
g d t h cas f i
r fan t s H low yt h ld
e h m t e o n e s e t e o

b inca p abl
e f ba p t ism b t t h sam t im h t h ugh t
e o , u at e e e e o

th e d m p iv w k f Ch is t xt nd d t t h m and
re e t e or o r e e e o e

canc ll d h c u p ti n in th i natu and tha th y

e e t e or r o e r r e, t e

w acc din g ly all sav d th ugh t actual m mb s

e re or e ,
o no e er

o f t h Chu ch e R bins n p l d d f r . infan bap ism

o o ea e or t t .

H a gu d t ha t t his i t cam in t h p lac

e r e f ci cum r e e e e o r

i i
c s on . H did ind d d si e ha t all child n w ee e re t re er e

e
“
sav d if s ch w th will f G d and c uld gladly
u ere e o o so o
,

f t h Sc i p t u s t au g h t i t B t as h f und
” 2
b l
e I ev e I e r re . u e o

no s a m n t t that ff ct in th B ibl h c nclud d

t te e o e e e e e o e

t ha t h s which p ish d did

t o e f t ha t iginal guil t
er e so or or

and c u p i n wh in th y
o rr t o c nc iv d and b n
, er e e are o e e or

b ing th child n f w ath by natu and th in liabl

e
‘
e re o r re er e e

t G d s cu s v y w y H again w t h fin
’ ”
o o r e e er a . e re e s ee e er

n tu al inst inc ts f a n bl nat u c ush d back and

a r o o e re r e

sil nc d t th b h s t f a li t al in t p tati n f Sc i p tu
e e a e e e o er er re o o r re .

T h Chu ch which H l wy b ugh t bac k t E ngland

e r e s ro o

1 Wor hs ,
ii i .
, p . 1 85 .

2
Wor hs ,
i ii .
, p . 2 31 .

2 88
 C HA P T E R XX
T H E A N AB AP TI S TS A N D LI B ERT Y O F C ON S C I E N C E

LI BE RT c nsci nc is tak n much as a matt

Y of o e e e so er

o f c u s in h s d ay s t ha i
o r e t qui s a dis inc t ff t
e e t t re re t e or

O f h imagina i n
t e
p ic t u h c ndit t i
o n f a ffai s to re t e o o o r

wi h g dt re ligi us lib ty t th p ning f h

ar to re o er a e O e o t e

s v n n h c n t u y I th s days all h f c s f h
e e te e t e r . n o e t e or e o t e

C wn th Chu ch and h Pa liam n t w b n t u p n

ro , e r , t e r e e re e o

s cu in g a unif mi y in fai h and w shi p h ugh u

e r or t t or t ro o t
t h wh le f E ngland and Wal s
o e o A j al us y was e . e o e e

k p u p n th p ss
t Th n m b “
f mas in s t er r te r
”
e o e re p . e u er o

s ic ly limi d Th A chbish p f Can bu y

[

W as tr t te . e r o o te r r

an d h B ish p f L nd n claim d h
t e o i gh f c ns
o o o e t e r t o e or

shi p v h p ss and f ly x cis d i Th Wa d ns

o er t e re re e e er e t . e r e

f h S a i n s C m p an y w th al ch ck
’
o t e t t o er t o er e o n e er t o e

unlic ns d p in ing “ T h B ish p s w busy in p

e e r t e o er e su

p ssing
re va i t i s i ligi us b
r eli f ande p ac ic
o T h rey o e e r t e . e

s ugh t b ing all candida t s f th A nglican mi is y

o to r e or e n tr
t o on e n m f d ct in and s till m
or o o n m in r e, o re to on e or

t h c nduc
e f p ublic w
o thi p Th law c m p ll d all
o or s . e o e e

o v si
er
“usual lac
x n y a s f g t pait ee e S nda r y s o s m a e o re r on u to o e

p f C mm n P ay e o h a h Divin o o r er to e r t e e

S vic s ablish d by H Maj s ty s laws S v

er e e t e er e
’
. e e re

p nal i s w
e t laid u p n h s wh v nt u d t h ld
e e re o t o e o e re o o

m ings und c l u p nc f y x cis f

ee t er o o r or rete e o an e er e o

re ligi n c n a y H M j s ty s said laws I was

o o tr r to er a e
’
.
”
t
unsaf v n t qui tly abst ain f m att ndanc t
e e e o e ro e e a

2 90
 R e s t r ic t i o ns on t he P r e ss
p ublic w shi p A bs
or nc f m Chu. ch f a m n t h e e ro r or o

w as an ff nc agains th law
o e e t e .

A l l his h tha dly b h u p n R man Cath lics and

e re r ot o o o on

t h s wh d si d a fu th
o e o e f ma i n in ligi n B t
re r er re or t o re o . u

n i th Cath lics Pu i tans w th ms lv s p pa d

e er o n or r e re e e e re re

to all w lib y in ligi n t h s A l ng s i s f

o ert re o o ot er . o er e o

e x p im n s a p i d f civil s t if and many y a s f

er e t ,
er o o r e, e r o

discussi n had b g n th ugh b f ligi us lib ty

o to e o e ro e or e r e o er

was finally s cu d E nglish fug s f und in H lland

e re . re ee o o

a m asu f ligi us lib ty un kn wn in h i w land

e re o re o er o t e r o n .

Th er e y a t
at t h y w
an all w d rt m et f t h e er e o e o ee or e

e x cis f li g i us w shi p a pa t f m th fficial

er e o re o or r ro e O

Chu ch Th t s m f th m cam in t c n tac

r . e re , oo , o e o e e o o t
wi h h M nn ni s wh main tain d p inci p l ha
t t e e o te ,
o e on r e t t
t h sw d h
e ld b us d u p h ld li g i n T h y
or S ou n ot e e to o re o . e

d cla d ha Ch is al n was K ing v his Chu ch

e re t t r t o e o er r ,

and ha f d m in ligi n sh uld b all w d t all wh

t t ree o re o o e o e o o

O bs v d civil d
er e or er .

I was f m his s u c
t ro hat E nglishm n d w th id a
t o r e t e re e e

o f claiming and g an ing ligi us lib y f all p ac r t re o er t or e e

abl i iz ns I sayi g t his I d t f g t th p l asing

e C t e . n n o no or e e e

e nd s m n t f ligi us t l at i n in th U t pia f S i
or e e o re o o er o e o o r

T h mas M o b ha had p ac ical ff c i th

ore , ut t t no r t e e t e er

u p n hims lf
o th E glishm n
e I was f m t h
or o er n e . t ro e

d s p is d A nabap ist s hat th p inci pl f s ul lib y

e e t t e r e o o e rt

p ass d in
e t p ac
ont ical x p ssi n oin h ligi
r us lif e re o t e re o e

o f E ngland A l t h anci n t S p a a is t Chu ch

. e t e r to t e e e r t r at

A ms dam und F ancis J hns n lls f h va i i s

te r er r o o te o t re e r et e

o f E nglish A naba p tis t s t b f und in tha t ci y o e o t

M mi a ster A b S i th anM H l i na a p t s t o f on e s ort a n d a s ter e w se

of a n o th er a n d Ma ster B u s her of a n o ther .

” 1

L awn e s P r op han e S chisme, p 55

’
1
. .

2 91
 S m i t h Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

T h ugh all t h
o di ff d f m an th many
ree e re ro on e o er on

im p tan t p in ts th y all p l ad d f lib ty f

or o , e e e or er o con

sci nc O f L na d B ush b t li ttl is k n wn H

e e . eo r er u e o . e

was a ci tiz n f L nd n S m w i t s c nj c tu tha t

e o o o . o e r er o e re

h was a d sc ndan t
e f D my i B ush e a Wall n
e o o n c er , oo

re uf g wh subsc ib d
ee , t a l an t E lizab th in
o r e 1 00 o o o e

1 5 8 8 H has
. c n t l y b n id n t ifi d wi t h th Ma k
e re e ee e e e r

L na d B ush
eo wh w t a l tt
r f m D lft da d
er o ro e e er ro e , te
D c mb 8 64 wh n h was f in t 7 y a s
e e er
“ 1 2, e e ar o 1 e r
, ,

t c t ain A aba p t is t s t A ms t dam

o er n F m this l tt a er .
1
ro e er

w m y g a th
e t ha t h was p p a d t
a ack n wl dg as
er e re re o o e e

b th n y wh b li v d J sus t b th M ssiah I
re re an o e e e e o e e e . n

t his p si ti n h an tici pat d J hn L c k and th

o o e e o o e o er

Uni ta ians f his sch l wh duc d th fundam n tals

r o oo o re e e e

O f Ch is t ian f ll wshi p t t his minimum

r e o o .

B ush h ld s m singula pini ns H th ugh t th

er e o e r O o . e o e

a p s t lic inju cti n t abstain f m bl d was s till

o o n o o ro oo

o bligat y H pp s d th in t ma i g f c usins
or . e o o e e er rr a e o o ,

and pl ad d f th ab li t i n f th d t h p nal y f
e e or e o o o e ea e t or

t h ft H was k nl y int s t d li k many th A

e . e ee er e e ,
e o er na
“
baptis ts in th J ws Ch is t hath c mmand d us h e e . r o e
”
e
, ,

s ys t t ach all nati ns and th y h fi s t H

a ,
o e o e a re t e r .
”
e

t h ugh t n t hing b t g
o d c uld c m f th i b ing
o u oo o o e o e r e

e
“
ll w d t t u n t inhabi t and dw ll und Hi
o re r o e er s
a o

Maj s ty s d mini n
e
’
o o .

P f ss
“
Mass n s Lif f Mil t n t h s tat ’
I n ro e or o e o o e e

m n t is mad tha t L na d B ush s b k R ligi n s

’ ’
e e eo r er oo ,
e o

P ac — Pl a f Lib ty f C nsci nc f th y a
e e a e or er o o e e,
”
o e e r

1 6 4 1
“is c ainl y th a li s t kn wn p ublica ti n in
er t e e r e o o
,

which full lib ty f c nsci nc is p nly adv ca t d er o o e e o e o e .

” 2

1 Tr a n saction s of B aptis t Hi stor i cal S oci ety , 1 90 9, v ol . i .

, p . 1 07. Paper
D r W T Whitl ey
. . . .

if
2 L e o
f M i l t on , iii , p 1 02 . . .

2 92
 Smi t h ,
Hel w ys
and B ap t is t Or igins
I n th M i t y f I i q i y by T h m as H l wy
e s er o n u t ,
o e s,

w als hav an m p ha ic ass t i n

e o e e f h p i ci p l s f
t er o o t e r n e o

re ligi us lib ty T his w k was issu d w y a s b f

o er . or e t o e r e ore

B ush s p ublica ti n saw th ligh t O

er
’
o tw x t c ts e . n e or o e ra

f m t h b d y f th b k will s v t indica t his

ro e o o e oo er e o e

Vi ws this subj c t
e on e

VV b e ow lv h
ou r se b f es L d
to t Ki i
e e ar th e or e o u r or t he ng n

g r e a te s t h mb u b h
l en e s s
i Ki jd ih
ese e c h n g t e ng to u ge r g t eo us

j m
udg en t i w
h er e n ; b j i
h et he r t her e e so u n u st a th n g an d of s o

g r e a t c r u el d
tyr a n n y h un f mer t i
e su n as to or ce en s
’
c on sc e n c e s

in t hei i G r r eli g o n i h ifto o d , se e n g m t at th e y er r th e y u st p a y the

p r ci f
e o i wi
the i r tr an s gr es s l f i l P O on th the os s o the r so u s h , l et
the Ki j i ng u d ge , m q l m
s it n ot os t e ua t h at en s h o u l d c h oo s e th e i r
r el ii g on m lvth e sei l m
es , s e e n g d m lv
th e y on y u st s ta n the se es

b e fo r e j m
th e udg f d w f m lv w
en t s e a t o Go to an s er or th e se es , he n
it s ha l b l ex no e m cu s e w
fo r th e mm d to s ay we er e c o an d e or

co m ll d
pe e b fto i li b e o th K s re b m
g i on d y t he in g or y th e t h a t h a

au th o r i f m m Ad
ty ro hi l d P Ki n l et
i m o ur or t he n g , th a t s a an

Of w f id
kn o l e d g e , ye t u r th e r c on s er t h at the if
n g s hou Ki b y hi s ld
p o ew bi
r r n g hi s p e op e t o t h e t r u th a n
l t h ey d w
al k i n th e tr u th

an d i fi i d
i e n the p r o fe s s on o t, n O b e i en c e to th e
d i ng s
p oKi e r w ’

lv v d T Ki w
,

e i th er for f e ar or b o e , s h al l th e y e sa e ? he ng kn o s

th ey l
s h al n ot . b
B u t th e y that o i lv w m ey th e tr u th n o e, ho the
lv Gd
o e of o i h i b die
c on s tra n e th , t e r l h ll b p o e n ce on y s a e acc e t
ab e l Gd to o .
”

H l wy p in t s t t h p assag in which J sus

e s o o e bu k d e e re e

t h s wh w uld hav call d d wn fi u p n his

o e o o e e o re o

o pp no t senf m which
, t h
ro K ing w uld t ha t e o s ee

C i w ill v m lif h d f hi ’
hr st ha e no an s f h e tou c e or s ca use. I t e

Sa m w ill
ar i t an s iv h m h p n ot r e c e b m e f i e a s s et h y t h e I th e
l v m f
.

Ga d ar en e s m r
p ya d hi to e p ar t f he ea es th e I an y r e u se to
i il bi
.

r ec ei v e hi s d sc p es m he on l y
ff d id s th e s hake O th e u s t of the r

f eet f or a i i
w tn e s s m H i
a ga n s t w d j i
t he er e s no s or of u s t c e a t a ll

qi mi mi f i C i
.

re u r e d or d p er f
tte to s te an y or re us n g hr s t. T h en
l et n ot ou r l d Ki ff or th e w d fj i n g su er b his s or o u st c e to e

u se d to d
r u l e an i b di k ee p p l fGd
n o e h en c e the e op e o o an d t e

2 94
K ing J e sus G r eat er t han K ing Jam e s
Ki ng lw
t o th e a s, d s tatu t e si w an d C hr s t
or in an c e s
hi c h of

i
a p p e r ta n wl v i
to th e i Ki m
e l g o e r n n g a n d r u l n g o f th e n gd o Of

C hr i s t. w w Ki m i i l
the s or d of h o se ngdo i s s p r tu a , b y t h e
p o w wi w
er O f h ch sC i j
o r d o n l y, hr s t s s u b e c t s ar e
’
to b e r ul e d a n d
k ep t i n iob e d en c em wi wt o hi l . Ki
B y the h ch s or d o ur or d th e ng

m u st i
b e k e p t i n ob e d e n c e h sei m lf l if h e b e a d i s c ip e o f C hr i s t
i Ki m A i w (wi
,

j
a n d a s u b e c t of C hr s t s
’
n gdo . nd th s ta ke s a ay th
i i ) i l w
o u t g a n s ay n g a l l t h e k n g y p o i l er an d a u th or ty of ou r or d

th e Ki ng K m i n th e i in gd o b Ki
of C hr st for h e c a n n ot be o th a ng

an d j
a sub ect j m i d m T
in on e a n d Ki d
th e k he
’
sa e ng o . n g s un er

s tan d w il i l d i
in g h e ar t i
l ea s y s c ern th s.
”

It w t li k l y tha t K ing J am s w uld find such

as n o e e o

languag pala tabl and H l wy s ught t f s tall th

e e, e s o o ore e

cha g ha h and his f ll w s w

r e t t e
“ mv s f o o er e re o er o

S di i n agains t th S tat by p in ing t that th y

e t o e e o t ou e

h ld h d c in f
e t e o trsis tance o n on - r e e.

Itw ill be i a s tr a n g e
“ d m m
th f
n g, he s a ys , to c on e n en or

S ed ii t on l l i
wh o p r o e s s an d tea c h t h a t i n a l e ar th y t h n g s t h e
f
Ki ng s
’

p o w e r i s tb mi
o b e su tt e d u n t o a n dv l
i n h ea e ni l
y o r s i
p r tu a
t hi n g s , i f the Ki ng i or m an y x i in a u th o r ty u n d er hi s h al l e e r c se

th e i w r p o i er ag a n s t i
a n y, th e y ar e n ot to r e s st by an y w ay or

m l
ea n s , a w i i w b
th o u g h i t er e n mithe r po er , ut r a th er to su b t
the i li v
r es i as i C hri i l di d
s t an d h si D
p es sc an d ye t k e ep t h e r

i i l
,

c on s c en c es G d d to o h , an h d they that te a c a n y ot er oc tr n e et

the m b lde he d ac c u r s e .

H l wy h e an tici p at d that d c t in f p assiv

s ere e o r e o e

re sis tanc which G g F b ugh t in p min nc

e eo r e ox ro to ro e e

a g n a i n la
e er t o B h w uld s m hav d iv d
te r . ot o ee to e er e

i f m h t achings f J sus b
t ro t e e in b h cas s i iso e ,
ut ot e t
li k l y tha t A nabap tis ts w th m ans f t u n ing
e e re e e o r

t h i t h ugh t s t
e r o th subj c A l h ugh h w k f
o e e t . t o t e or o

t h s s v al p i n
e e e er s f ligi us lib y m y t hav
o ee r o re o er t a no e

sh wn a g at ha v s in th i w lif tim i was

o re r e t e r o n e e, t
d s tin d t b a g d f ui t in af days Th adv ca t s
e e o e r oo r ter . e o e

2 95
 Smi t h Hel wys and B ap tis t Origins
,

o f civil and ligi us lib ty in th t im f th C mm n

re o er e e o e o o

w al h l k d bac k t th w k s f th s val i an t
e t oo e o e or o e e

cham p i ns f ligi us f d m and f und in th m a

o o re o re e o o e

s t h us f a gum n t f p m ting th sam g d

or e o e o r e or ro o e e oo

caus in t h i w tim and t l ng th th p inci pl s

e e r o n e, a e e r e

t h y nuncia t d w
e e mb di d in th law f h land
e e re e o e e o t e .

2 96
 Smi t h Helwys and B ap t is t Origins
,

wh s maid n nam had b n U sula H d t ff

o e e e ee r ar s a .

A l x and
e main d fai thful t J hn Smi th wh n
er re e o o e

H l wy and Mu
e sn p a t d f m him H b cam a r to r e ro . e e e

d mas k w k and p s p d W find g ings s n t

a or er ro e re . e re e t e

t him as la t as 6 3
o in a l t f m T iv n
e 1 1
1
et e r ro e r to .

T h la g p p t i n f y ung p p l in J hn Smi h s
’
e r e ro or o o o eo e o t
Chu ch gav his m v m nt p mis f lif O w nd s
r e o e e ro e o e. ne o er

wh th J hn Mu n and Jan H dgk in w b t th d

e er o r to e o
2
e re e ro e

b f l aving E ngl nd wh th th cl s c m pani n

e ore e a ,
or e er e o e o o

shi p in t which th y w t h wn in A mst dam l d

o e er e ro er e

th m t
e lin k h i h a ts in w dl ck I li k t thin k
o t e r e r e o . e o

of i as a ha ppy ma iag
t Th y w sui d t ach rr e. e er e te o e

oth in g and s t at i n Jan app a s t hav su viv d

er a e o . e e r o e r e

1v E an s, E a r ly B a t i sts,
p
W
5 p
J H
9 . .

ro m the p a r ish r eg ister o f o rk sop i t a pp ears tha t o dg ki n

2 F an e

was on e of a l arg e fami ly v H

T he n am e i s . ari ou sl y s el t
p er fa th e r , .

G eorg e H odg sk i n , was a freehol d er , an d i n ter es ted i n r el ig ion H e pa i d .

a l u m p su m i n 1 59 1 for th e r ig ht of se tt i n g u p on e seat o r s ta l l a t th e
n or th choi r d oor of Wo rk so p C hu r ch for hi m se l f an d h is h ei rs Th e
en tri es i n the p ar i sh r egi s ter co m p ar e d
w i th th e ag es g i en t o the w wv .

R eg is trar i n H ol l an d hen J an e H o d gk i n a n d h er b r oth er er e m a rr i e d

sh o w th a t th er e was ei th er n o sp e c i al ca re t ak en t o b e e ac t

D u tch R eg is tr ar m ad e m i stak es i n en ter i n g th e d etail s

or tha t the x ,

J
“ an e ( 1 o f G eor H od skin ‘ chr i sn ed ’ D ec 2 2 1 8
.

g g 5 3

x
.

S he w as th er efor e 2 4 year s ol d on h er m arr i age i th Mu r ton

A l e a n d er s of G eo H odg sk i n
”
A p ri l 8 1 58 6
,

H e was ther efore

w .

.
.

. . .

2 9 year s o l d an d n o t 2 5 on the o c casi on of hi s mar ri ag e

v i th the id o of
, .

w w w
Thos B ywate r on N o e mb er 9 , 1 6 1 5
.

T he fam i l y was c on n ec te d b y m arr iag e

J
.

ith the ep son s, of Wor k sop , wJ J

Wil l iam epson , a l ead in g m emb er o f ohn R ob i n son s chu r ch, w as ’

tr aci n g the
J
cou si n to an e Mu r ton a n d A l e an d er H o d gk in
w
i l l of G eorg e H odg kin
x I h a e s u c c e e d ed i n
H e d r e w i t u p on F eb r uary 2 7,
. v
1 6 1 8 , an d d escr i b es hi m se l f a s
J yeoman
an e Mu r ton a t th a t ti m e i n the fo l l o i n g cl au se
It es the d
w
.

el l i n g pl a ce of
. fix w
g v
“I i e an d b e u eath to m d au hter a n e
q y g J , o h n M u
’
’
r to n s
”
i fe, J w
d wel l in g a t Lon d on , ten n p oun d es for the l a tter en d o f h er c hi l d s p te
x
Al e an d er, o f Am ste rd am , i s n o t s peci all y m en tion ed , b u t
“
in cl u d ed i n t he g en eral b eq u es t t o e v e ry o n e o f m y o ther chi l d r en fo r the
ou l d b e w .

l at ter en d o f th ei r c hil d es p ar te t en ty s hi ll in g s a pe ec e
r an d chl l d r e n h e l e ft 6s 8d T h i f
ww m
”

f
T o e ac h o f h is
or tab l e yeo m a n
.

i l l th t o c o
w
g
w
i t h a el l s tock ed h ou s e an d fa r m
-
e . s
. a a

I t was p r o ed i n t he au tu m n o f
. v
1 6 2 2 , an d Mu r ton was pr e su m ab l y s til l i n L on d on at th at t im e I t is
Y
.

reg istere d i n the D is tr ic t P r ob ate R eg i s try a t or k .

2
9 8
 A D a r i ng St ep
he r husband tu ning las af h t ubl d s j u n
,
re r at t te r t e ro e o o r

in L nd n h f i nds in H lland wh h was

o o to er r e o ,
ere s e

re c iv d in h f ll wshi p f h E nglish M n ni
e e to t e e o o t e en o te
Chu ch as a hav n f p ac f h las y a s
— r e o e e or er t e r .

Af his ma iag w n x t h a f J hn Mu n
te r rr e e e e r o o r to

wh n h signs h l t wi h H l wy William Pigg

e e t e e t er t e s, ott

and T h mas S am o Ma ch 6 9 — he er on r 12, 1 0 1 0, e

s eec hi g h M nn ni t Chu ch
n t e d al ca full y and
e o e r to e re

acc ding G d s W d in h dis pu t b tw n h m

or to o
’
or t e e e ee t e

and h s wh adh d t J hn Smi th H li k H l wy

t o e o ere o o . e, e e s,

main ai d h lawfuln ss f h bap ism adminis d

t ne t e e o t e t te r e
b y Smi h u p n hims lfand his ass cia t s and
t o fus d e o e , re e to
t i th
e dinanc f bap ism
e or s
y p cial d f m
e o t to an e or er o en .

H claim d h wid s p w f
e e ach Chu ch f Ch is
t e e t o er or e r o r t,
h w v small and p i migh b Mu n u n d
o e er oor t t e . r to re t r e

to L nd n wi h H l wy
o op babl y la in t6 I e s, ro te 1 12 . t
was a da ing s t p t t ak T h y w uld k n w ha t
r e o e . e o o t
B a h l m w L ga wh had b n ngag d in busi n ss
rt o o e e te , o ee e e e

t ans c t i ns in H lland had b

r a o n bu n d S m i hfi l d o ,
ee r e at t e

on Ma ch 8 6 f h sy A li k fa t migh
r 1 ,
1 12, or er e . e e t
v y w ll awai t h ms lv s b t h y w uld fac i
er e t e e e ,
u t e o e t .

Mu n his a ival Ams dam had a k n p h

rt o ,
on rr at t er ,
t e u t e

w k f a fu i
or
“ o I d s t f ll w ha h rr e r .
”
t oe no o o t t e co n

t in d in ha ccu p a i n b h f ad was a
ne t t o t o , ut t e ur tr e

g wing ad and v y li k l y h ngag d in th sam

ro tr e, er e e e e e e

busin ss in L nd n e o o .

Wha v his ccu p a i n i was s n in t u pt d by

te er o t o ,
t oo err e

im p is nm n t W l a n his f m a cu i us li l b k
r o e . e e r t ro r o tt e oo

e t t
“
n i l d Th S al d F n ain p n d t h Fai hfull
e e e e ou t e O e e o t e t
and h i S d t B y J hn Wil k ins n P is n
e r ee . o o ,
r o er at

C lch s t against J hn M t n P is n t L nd n
o e er,
“
o or o , r o er a o o .
” 1

1 B r i tish Mu seu m , p p i x . . 15 .

2 99
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B ap ti st Origins
,

T h w k was p ublish d by Willi m A th b y w h

e or e a r ur ur ,
o
“
says it was c m p s d by o f my anci n t b th n
o e on e o e re re

d pa t d in th Fai h [and] l ft in my cus t dy f

e r e e
“ t
”
e o or

th p b l i k g
e u cd Mu t n and his f i nds had l s t
e oo e . r o r e o

no t im t h i a ival in E ngland in l tt ing t h i vi ws

e on e r rr e e r e

b k n wn t t h S p a a t is s in and ab u t C lch s t
e o o e e r t t o o e e r, o

wh m Wil k ins n minis t d Th ugh Wil k ins n hims lf

o o ere . o o e

was in p is n h p nn d a p ly h ad d
r o ,
e e e re e e

A p re f f
r oo m i o w i so b J e M
th n gs d r ytte n oh n or ton an o th e r s

of hi m
s co d
p an y ll w an p v fo f o er s to r o e t h at I n an t s ar e n ot i n th e
s ta t e f o m i
c on d e d h
n at on , f an b
th at t er e or e t h e y ar e n ot to e

b i d J Wilki
ap t z e By oh n i i C l h f
n s on , 3 Pr s on e r n o c e ster or the
i i f Si
. .

1
P at d
en c e an F a th o th e a n ts ,

A Wil k ins n s t a t s th cas

s o f his pp n n t s wi t h
e e e o o o e

a ppa n t fai n ss w g t an x c ll n t vi w f Mu t n s
re r e ,
e e e e e e o r o
’

o p ini ns ab
o u t infano t ba p t ism t t his p i d f m t his a er o ro

re
p f roo .
”

i
F r s t, sa
“ sw i be, f i f f
th e y
i i r l v
te O n a n t s as c on c e r n n g s a a
y
t i dd m i h
on a n a n at on f ll i ft w
e e s ta t e o wi a n an t s er e a li k e , h ch is
n ot b
tr u e v ut f m i f
e r y e rr on e o u s , i or f so e n an t s a r e n th e e s ta t e o

sa lv i d
a t on a n f th ose ,h m so b di d
ar as tb p ey ay e s cer n e ar e to b e a

im
,

t i d
ze for a test f A d
on y t he r e o
i . fd m n oth e r s ar e n th e estate o a

i dh
n at on , an tf m
es e, s o b di d
ar a s b b p i d
ay e scer n e a r e n ot to e a t ze .

S dl
e c on f y ,i f f mbi g d h
t o r ee n a n ts f ro e n un er t e s tate o c on .

d m e n a ti o n i m gi
t he y m b wi h
a ne i the to e t ou t s n .

Thid l y, t he g r ou n
r d f m w hi h if ro b ch t ey g a ther n a n ts to e

wi h i i
t o u t s i n s th s , th a t i v d n fa n ts G d ha e t r an s gr e s se no L aw of o

b e c au se they b f
ar e u n c ap a i h le o a n y. I n th s t ey s h o o t s hor t,

for i t d oth f ll n ot h bo owi f

‘

t v at ec a u s ed n a n ts ha e n ot tr a n s gr es s e
as t he y ifar e h f
n an ts , h h v t er e or e d ll t ey a e n ot tr an s gr e s se at a

w if
.

T hey tr an s gr ess e db f h e or e i t iey er e n a n ts , th a t s to say, n th e

l i f Ad m
o ns o a 2
.

2
P .
3 .

3 0 0
 S mi t h ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Or i gins
b r an c h e s i as f d i hi m b F i h
ar e n gr a d h whi b
te n y a t an t ose ch e

i d h b d l wh b fi l v
,

su ch b b
ar e to e ap t z e t er e y t o e c ar e at en e t al ha e

b Ch i w i w li
,

y r st t ha t p h i
ar em h h i
ar ta k e r s h th , os e o n es s s su c

that h e san c t ifi ll h h v f l l w i w i h hi m
e th a t T wh m at a e e o sh p t . o o

h e l f v Am J Wilki
g or y or e er , en . oh n n s on .
”

T hus w find ha t t h b li fs fe which Mu t n and

t e e e or r o

his f i nds s t d w cl s l y xamin d and d ba t d

r e oo er e o e e e e e .

W d e t k n w much m
o no b u t Wil k ins n H was
o o re a o o . e

d ad by th y a 6 9 wh n his f i nds p ublish d his

e e e r 1 1 ,
e r e e

E x p si t i no f th o 3 t h 1
ha p to f t h R v
e la t iI n f C er o e e e o o

J sus Ch is in h p fac t which th y y

e r t, t e re e o e sa

h p p
I t wa s t ed d i f h
ur h
os e an f i i es r e o t e au t ou r o th s tr e at se

t o ha v p li d hi j d m
e ub s he h wh l b k f
s u g en t on t e o e oo o th e
Re vl i be a t on ; h h m li ut f
thr ou g l d iv
t e a ce o th e P r e a te s , who er s

tim p il
es s d h mo f h
e i d d
i oi m m s igoo i s an k ep t h an y ye ar s n p r s on ,

h e p v
wa s d f i
re en te Af oi h ms f
p u r p ose te r h s d ea th , s o e o hi s
mi f i f i d i
.

l b
a ou r s co ng to th e d d m
h an d s o h s r en s n s c atter e an i
p e f
r ec t l b d wi
p a p e r s , t h ey l i a ou r e d th th e h e p o o th er s t ha t h e a r
im d l i j d m i h hi li l i ”
h ec a r e h s u g h f en t er e n t o s e t or t t s tt e tr e at se .

H vid n t ly su ff d g i v usly E dm nd J ss p
e e e e re r e o . o e o

oo e
“
l k d back t him as an anci n t s t u t S pa atis t and
o e o e r
”2
,

d cla d t hat h h ld th vi w that f sh A p s tl s w uld

e re e e e e re o e o

b s n t in t im t t Ch is t s Chu ch in d Wmy ’
e e e o se r r or e r. e a

re call th fac t that wh n th M yfl w sail d t h

e e e a o er e er e

w s m f m E ss x th sc n f Wil k ins n s lab u s

e re o e ro e , e e e o o
’
o r ,

wh j in d in t ha t amazing v n t u
o o e e re .

1 Ther e i s a c opyi n the B od l eian Li brar y .

2 ’
J essop s D i scov ery , 1 6 2 3 , p 77 . .

3 02
 C HA P T E R XX I I
L I TE R AR Y ACTI V IT Y OF MU RT O N AN D H I S AS S O CI AT E S

MU R T O N A N D R O B I N S ON

WH th p p n n s f th E nglish A naba ptis ts w

I LE e O o e t o e e re

ac iv in w i ing agains t h m h y th ms lv s w
t e r t t t e t e e e e e re n o

sl w d f nd th i p si ti n I 6 5 th y issu d a
o to e e e r o o . n 1 1 e e

b k in which h y answ d such bj c ti ns as w

oo t e er e O e o e re

u g d agains t h i p inci p l hat p s cu ti n f ligi n

r e t e r r e t er e o or r e o

was w ng This b k b a s nam I is add ss d

ro . oo e r no e . t re e
“ to all h t uly wish J usal m s p sp i y and
t at r er e
’
ro er t

B abyl n s d st uc i n
o
’
Th e p fart y p is t
t o l is .
”
e re or e e

r
“
subsc ib d by Ch is s unw hy wi n ss s Hi
e r t
’
or t t e e s
,

Maj s y s fai hful subj c ts c mm nl y ( b m s t fals ly)

e t
’
t e o o ut o e

call d A naba p is s Und hat t i l w hav J hn

e t t .
”
er t t e e e o

Mu n and his f i nds D Und hill has p in t d t

r to r e . r. er o e ou

th s mblanc b w n pa s f his w k and p assag s

e re e e et ee rt o t or e
“
in A D sc i p i n f wha G d hath p d s ina t d
e r t o o t o re e t e

c c ning Man issu d in 6 and asc ib d by J hn

on er ,
”
e 1 2 0, r e o

R bins n t
o o
“ J hn Mu t n and his ass cia s
o o r o o te .
”

Mu t n p bably submi tt d th manusc i pt his f ll w

r o ro e e r to e o

b li v s b f s nding it v in t H lland t b
e e er e ore e o er o o o e

pr in t d Th
e t
. i l f h fi s t di i n f 6 5 uns
e t e o t e r e t o o 1 1 r

O bj c t i ns answ
e od by w y f Dial gu wh in is er e a o o e ere

pro v d Bey t h L w f G d B y e t h L w f a L and o o e a o ou r

A d by his M man y t s tim ni s that man ugh t

“ fi
n a e o e ,
no o

to b p e s cu t d fer ehis ligi n e h t t i fi

[

his
or re o , so e es e

3 3
0
 S m i t h Hel w ys and B aptis t Or igins
,

all g anc by th O ath app in t d by L w This

e e e e o e a .
” 1

w“ k tak s th f m f a f cibl dial gu b tw n

or e e or o or e o e e ee

A n t ich is tian r
p s n t ing t h p a ty , f
”
t h p s
re re e e r o e er e

e
“
u ting bish ps Ch ist ian und which nam t h
o r
”
er e e
, ,

or
“
au th s s p ak and an I ndi ff n t Man wh is duly
e ere
”
o
,

b ugh t t
ro
“t ha t n no s ee ught t b c m p ll d by o e o o e o e e

y w ldly m ans t w s hi p G d Th st g g as p ”
an or e o or o . e r on r

which th s m had u p n t h p inci p l f ligi us

e e en o e r e o re o

lib ty is sh wn in t h i adin ss t t l at R m an
er o e r re e o o er e o

Ca th lics wh w t this t im in x t m disfav u

o ,
o er e a e e re e o r

w i t h E nglishm n wing t t h c n t Gun p wd Pl t

e o o e re e o er o .

“F th or a is t s t h s m “ m i t t jus t
”
l b a
p p e
y y , y sa e e en , no e

sus p ct d that
e e chi f caus f all th i t as ns on e e e o e r re o ,

hath b n b caus f all th c m pulsi ns that hav

ee e e o e o o e

b n us d agains t t h i c nsci nc s in c m p lling

ee e e r o e e ,
o e

th m t e th w shi p p ac tis d in p ublic acc ding t

o e or r e ,
or o

t h lawe f this land which b in g t a k n awa y t h

o is, ,
e e ,
e re

no d ub t b t th y w uld b much m p ac abl

o u e o e or e e e e.
” 2

B sid c nsid in g in this dial gu th bj c ti ns

e es o er o e e o e o

u g d agains t aband ning th p ac tic f p s cu ti n

r e o e r e o er e o ,

th e au th s st at that th y hav als wi th g d

or
“ e e e o oo

c nsci nc p in t d t th p inci pal things f M

o e es o e a e r o r.

R bins n s la t b k t ill fu t h t im Th y f
’ ” 3
o o e oo r er e . e re er

t R bins n s b k f th p c ding y a O f R ligi us

’
o o o oo o e re e e r e o

C mmuni n & wi th th sil ncing f th clam u s

o o ,
c e e o e o r

r ais d by M Th mas H l wi agains t

e r . tainingo e s se ou r re

th B a p t ism c iv d in E ngland R bins n h ld that ”

e re e e . o o e

th magis t at might his lawful p w t m l y

e r e u se o er n o e re

in civil affai s b t als f th fu th anc f Ch is t s

r u o or e r er e o r
’

R epri n ted in Tr acts on Li ber ty q/ Con sci en ce,

1 edited by E . B .

Un d erhil l , 1 84 6 .

y f C i 8 6
2 Tr acts on L i ber t 1 1
o on sc en ce, 1 4 , p 4. .

3 I hi d
, p 1 80
. . .

3 4
0
 Smi th Helw ys and B ap tis t Or igins
,

t ill fu th t im wh n th d p qu s ti n f p d s ti
r er e e e ee e o o re e

na i n was t b handl d
t o o e e .

S P M
U P P L I CA T I O N T O AR LI A ENT

T h caus fe ligi us lib y mad li l

e o re o ert e tt e or no

h ad way und th ul f Jam s N Pa liam n was

e er e r e o e . o r e t
call d af he b i f s ssi n in 6 4 f s v n y s A
e te r t r e e o 1 1 or e e ear . t
l n g h Jam s had giv w y th p p ula d mand
e t e to e a to e o r e

and summ n a w Pa liam n Th g wing s n

o ne r e t . e ro re e t
m n t ag ains t h d s p ic ul f th C wn mb ld n d
e t e e ot r e o e ro e o e e

th N e f m i t and S p a a tis t s t
on c o n o r p t s t
s s agains t e r o ro e

th ha dshi p s inflic d u p n th m
e r Wi h th E n g lish
te o e . t e

man s usual fai h in Pa liam n t th c m p any f

’
t r e e o o

A naba p is s und t J hn Mu n d w p and p s n t d

t er o r to re u re e e
“A M s H umbl Su t lica i n t h K ing P inc t t
o pp e o o e ,
r e

Cha l s and h N bili ty Judg s and G n y f h w

r e t e o ,
e e tr o t e ne

Pa liam n T h y as k d f d ss f g i vanc s t
r e t . e e or re re o r e e ,
se

f h th i s p cial pini ns and p at d th i a gum n ts

or t e r e o o re e e e r r e
“
agai s p s cu ti n f caus f c nsci nc
n t er e oTh or e O o e e .
”
e

difficul ti s und which th y lab u d

e er discl s d in e o re a re o e

th f ll wing p assag
e o o e

mi
O ur i l
s er es a r e d li
on g an i im i m f m n ge r n g
pr son e n ts or an y

y e a r siv
i n d e r sic o u n t e s l
of E ng wi m v i an d , in h ch an y ha e d e d an d

m wi w
l ef t b ehi n d th e d m
d o s , an m il i w an y s a ll c h d r en ta k ng a ay

ou r g o od s , li wi
an d o thers m th e k e, of h ch we can a ke g ood
i
p r ob at f on di l
; n otl m j
or an y s oya ty to your a esty, n or h u r t to an y

m lmor ta dv i
an , ou r am lv j b l
e r s ar e s the se es b ein g u d ge s ; u t on y
b e c a u s e w e d ar e i w i f
n ot a s s en t u n to an d p r a c t s e i n th e or sh p o

G od i s uch vth i h b
n g s as i i i
w e ha i e n ot fa t i n , e cau s e t s s n a g a n st

t he M Hi ost gh .
” 1

1 Tr acts on Li her ty f
o Con sci en ce, p . 1 90.

3 0 6
 M u rt o n and t he Sc ri p t u r e s
M H
U R TO N S AN D T E CRI P T U R E S

Th a tti tud f his g u p f E nglish A nabap tis ts

e e o t ro o

t wa ds th B ibl is cl a l y
o r e t et in his su p p lic i n
e r se ou t at o .

Th y g und d h i fai h u p n t h Sc i p u s in
e ro e t e r t o e r t re te r

p d
ret e b y t h S p i i t f G e d giv n t trh fai o hful To h e o e t . e

p p ro si i ns o d al t t wi t
o h in t he fi s t f u cha p s ma k e r o r ter e

this p lain
() I l f f i
T he i ru e o d i f a H
th l s the o ct r n e o the y G h o s t con
o

tai n ed d
i n the i s a cr ed scr il
p tu r e s , an n ot an y C hu r c h , c oun c ,

p rin c e , or p ot e n m
t a t e lm w
n or an y v ort a an h a t s oe e r
i i l i i
.
,

( ) II T he f i
n te r p r e ter o Sth f
s ru e s th e sc r p tu r e s an d p ri t o

G od w m vin ho soe er .

( ) 111 i i
T h at th e S p r t f G d d d o i o h to un e r s ta n d a n n ter p r e t t e

v
s c ri p tu r e s i s gi e n t o a ll d v i l an fe e ry p a rt c u ar p er so n tha t e ar

an d ob e y
G f w d o d, o v h atb egr e e h so e e r th e y e ; an d n ot to t e

wi d c ke .

( ) Iv T hose that f ear

d b d d v an i oi fey Go an so ha e th e S p r t o
Go d to d w mi
s e ar c h o u t an ikn o i th e n d of G od n th e s c r p tur es ,
ar e c o mm
”
d f m
on l y a n orim l the d i
o st p a r t , th e s p e, p o or , esp s e d ,

&c .

T h y c n t nd d tha t this was p iva t s p i i b t th

e o e e no r e r t u e

er
“
univ sal S pi i t f G d G d s S p i i t is p iva f
r o o . o
’
r n ot r t e, or

i is n t c m p h nd d nl y wi hin lac s n
'

t o o p re p e e o t on e e, er o or

t im as man s is b t it is univ sal and t nal

’ ”
e, ,
u er e er .

J H C O R N L Y
OTTO N A N D E LI G I O U S I B ER T

Th H umbl Su pp lica t i n did

e t hav y e ff c t o no e an e e

u p n K ing and Pa liam n t b t i was d s in d t b a

o r e ,
u t e t e o e r

f ui in an un x p c d qua t Th a gum n ts agains t

r t e e te r er . e r e

p s
er e cu t i n f caus f c nsci
o nc which
or i t c n ain d e o o e e o t e

w w i n t and s n t t J hn C n f B s t n
er e r tte ou e o o ot t o ,
o o o ,

ab u t th y a 6 3 5 by M Hall minis t t R x bu y
o e e r 1 r. , er a o r ,

in N w E ngland Th main qu s i n was wh th

e
“ . e e t o e er

3 7
0 U 2
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

p s cu t i n f
er e caus f c nsci nc b t agains t h
o or e o o e e e no t e

d c t in f J sus Ch is t th K ing f K ings P C tt n

o r e o e r e o
”
o o

c nsid d th a gum n ts adduc d and tu n d a l tt

o ere e r e e re r e e er

in w hich h ass t d th l gi imacy f p s cu ting in

e er e e e t o er e

cas s f p sis t n t
e o in fundam n t l and p inci p al
er e e rr o r e a r

p in
o t s f d c in o and w shi
o
p T
trh w i t e f t h or . e r er o e

Su pp lica ti n had qu t d f m anci n t and c n t

o o e ro e re e

w i t s his sid M C n t shu t p this

r er on
“ e . r. o t to o u

a g um n t f m t s im ny f w i
r e ro ins tanc s th s
e t o o r ters e o e

w h d f nd d p s cu t i n and m n t i ns Calvin
o e e e er e wh o ,
e o ,
o

p cu d t h d a h f Micha l S v t us f
ro re e e pt t inaci o y e er e or er t

in h sy and d f nd d his fac by a b k w i t n f

ere , e e e t oo r te o

t h t gum t Th a gum n ts agai s p s cu i n

a ar en . e r e n t er e t o

w p in d t g th wi h C tt n s ply und th
e re r te o e er t o o
’
re er e

ti lt e T h C n t v s y c nc ning L ib
e o ro
y f C nsc
er nc o er e rt o o ie e

i Ma t s f R ligi n
n t er ul y s t d Hall s n his
o e o tr ta e . e t t on

t oR g Williams wh w
o er a l ng d f cibl ,
o ro te o an or e

an sw C tt n and publish d i t wh n h cam t

er to o o e e e e o

L nd n in 6 4 4 t
o o ,
n g tiat f a cha t f R h d
1 , o e o e or r er or o e

I sland T h b k was an n y m us and b

. e oo h ti l o o ore t e t e

Th B l dy T n n t f P s cu i n f caus f
e oo e e o er e t o ,
or e o

C nsci nc discuss d in a c nf nc b tw n T u th and

o e e e o er e e e ee r

P ace e .
”

R g Williams was d pl y im p ss d by h a gu
o er ee re e t e r

m n s f lib y x t ac d f m th H mbl Su pp li
e t or ert
“ e r te ro e u e

ca ti n f 6 o H mad inqui y wh n in L nd n as
o 1 20 . e e r e o o

t o h au th
t e and this is h s y h was t ld
or , t e t or e o

T he f au th or om i the se i ar g u en ts a g a n s t p er s e c u t on

b i e n g commi b m tte d w l y so e then i n p o er c o s e p r i s o n e r in N e w

f
g at e , wior f m
th e h f J
tn e s s d vi o so e tr u t s o e su s , a n ha n g n ot the
u s e of d ip en anw m n k, i mi i r ote f t hes e a r gu en t s n l k, n s h ee t s o

p p a b er h m
r o u gh t
i b w m to fy tmh e f i d o an hi s k e e p e r ro a r en in
L on d on a s l fh m l
th e s t o pp e s o is wi i k b ottl e . In s u ch p p
a e r r tte n

3 0 8
 Smi t h ,
H el w ys
and B ap t is t Or igins
m i t y i g s m li k
a n e n n wi th th m in which h
o e e e r rou rs e ,
e

t a d
re t l ng t h
te f infan ba p ism
a e c nsid ing h w o t t ,
o er o

g a t th
re is in h d nial th f and h w g atly
e e r ror t e e e re o . o re

it s p ad h b th in t h s p a t s [ A ms
re et d m] d ( f
o e e r te r a an o

lat ) in w c un t y T h s t ng h f h B a p is
” 1
e ou r o n o r . e re t o t e t t

p si
o i t acc ding
on , h g n al p inci
or p l s f h to t e e er r e o t e
R f ma i n and h inc asing n mb
e or t o ,
f h s wh t e re u er o t o e o

av w d B p is t pini ns ali k b n wi tn ss by
o e a t o o a re e or e e to

th man y b
e k s w i t n in p p si t i n t this p i d
oo r t e O o o a er o .

M n f his p a t was t inac iv H w t in

u r to or r no t e . e ro e

6 7 a li t t l v lum n ti tl d T u h s Cham pi n which ’ ”

1 1 e o e e e r t o

was m than nc p in ted I is w i tt n says

o re
“ o e re r . t r e
” 2
,

ro
“
C sby in a v y g d s tyl and h a gum n ts er oo e t e r e ar e
,

manag d wi th a g a d al f t and s k ill I t c n tain d

e re t e o ar .
”
o e

t hi t n cha p t s m in aining th A minian

r ee er R m n
,
a t e r or e o

st an sch m f d c t in in pp si i n Calvin ism and

r t e e O o r e o o t o to ,

d ling wi h such p ics as f will

ea
“
t lv to re e ,
”
o e,

a t
“
b p ism Ch is dyin g f l l sav all C sby
”
r t or a to e .
”
ro
,

says this b k was f und wh n th y w d m lishing

oo o e e e re e o

an l d w ll n a C lch s
O a t h b gin ing f h Civil
e r o e te r at e e n O t e

Wa s I t had p bably b n s nt d wn t
r . f J hn
ro ee e o o on e o o

Wil k ins n s fl ck h o
’
F ancis Smi h h G n al
o t e re . r t ,
t e e er

B aptis p in t adv ising th thi d di i n f his w k

t r e r, e rt e r e t o o t or

1
“
in 6 78 says Th c py f this b k was f und hid in an e o o oo o
, ,

l d wall n a C lch s t in E ss x ” 3
o e r o e er, e .

Th is als f n t a b k B aptism t anslat d

er e o r e e re ce o oo on ,
r e

f m h Du ch in
ro t e in which Mu n and his
t r to

Chr ist i an P l ea , 1 6 1 7, p 2 3
1
. .

2
C r osb y, H i story of the B ap t i sts i , p 2 76
2 Ad

4
v
er ti s emen ts a t en d o f G r an tham s Chr i st i a n i s mu s P 7 i mi t i v u s , 1 6 78
’

v
S ee C ro sby, i p 1 2 9, w ho g i es the Eigh t P r oposi tion s con ta in i n g the
. . .

arg u m e n t O f thi s

v
P l ai n a n d
T he se en th p r op osi ti on was
el l
.

w
g r o u n d e d trea ti e c on cer n i n g B a p tism
” s
.

Tha t t he b ap ti sm o f i n fan ts an d su ck l i n g s

3 10
 P r ed e s t inati o n D iscuss ed
f i nds p bably had a hand H f s t it in a w k
r e ro . e re e r o or

issu d tw y a s lat f which h was und ub t dl y

e o e r er, or e o e

re sp nsibl Th h mak s E
o e . t f th e re e e re u n e es , on e o e

cha ac t s i th dial gu y
r er n e o e, s a

v
I ha l i e , n ot k l d f h
on g s n ce , seen e a B oo e tr an s at e ou t o D u tc
an d i d i E li p i g h i i v i
Pr n te n ng f sh r oov n t at th s n e n t on of In a n ts

b p i m
a t s b e h i
w as d d l d by d i v
r ou gEmp p t n an e c ar e er s er or s Po es

an d C l ou n s e s .
” 1

T ha t x t ac t is t a k n f m t h im p t an t b k n t i tl d
e r e ro e or oo e e

A D sc i pt i n e f wha t G d ha t h P d s t ina t d
r o o o re e e c on

c ning man in his c ati n t ansg ssi n g n ati n

er ,
re o ,
r re o , re e er o

as als an A w t J hn R bins n t uchi g

o ns e re o o o o o n

B a p t ism P in t d 6
e T his w k is giv n in r e 1 20 . or e

dial gu f m h s p ak s b ing
o e or ,
t e e er e

E r eu n ete s S ear c h e r
O d e gos J G uid e

A n ot e at t he en d as k s f or

A i
ser ou s c on s id i fw
er a t on o w h at i s r i tt e n a n d if an y d efe c ts
be e e i th er i n P ri n t i n g or bi din ( b w i
ng h oth h c un t o u s a r e i
d ffi c u t) l
i s a c er em on y an d or di n an ce of m an b rou ght i n to th e chu r ch b y teach ers
a ft er the ap ostl es t i m e, an d i n sti tu ted an d com ma n ded by cou n ci l s p op es,
’

a n d emp er or s
“
.

”
v
I h a e h ad t o con te n t m ysel f v v
I h a e sough t i n ai n for cop ies of Tr u th s Cha mp i on
’

w
,

an d o f t his T rea ti se i th c on su l ti n g
“
.

t he a n swer to th e l atter b y T h om as C ob b et , T ea ch er of the C hu r ch of

Lyn in N ew E n gl an d
”
an d I

v
d ou b t
,
he ther C r osb y had an ythi n g el sew w
b efor e him i n gi in g hi s i n form ation ab ou t i t Gobb et r o te hi s
j ust .

of t he Cov en a n t a n d Chu r ch E s tat e o r en of Ch u r ch

f Chi l d
w wx
-

J
M em ber s i n 1 64 6 i n an s er t o ohn S pi l sb u r y, C hri stopher Bl a ck oo d,
H en r y D en , an d A R I t w as pr i n te d i n 1 64 8 an d Gob b et an n e ed to
“
. .

i t A R efu tati o n of a c ertai n pam phl e t styl ed T he pl ai n an d Wel g rou n d ed -

T r eati se tou chin g T hi s w a s an on ym ou s Gob be t r efer s to those

“
.

who p u bl ished i t as T he a u thors or tr an sl ator s o f a b ook e of som e

u n k n o w n e A u th or o r A u thors
”
an d ol it el y c a l l s the m
“ M o teb an k
p u n

v
d ec ei ers an d p rob ab l y so m e esu ited ch eat er s
”
J(p T he p l an of .

w
th e b oo k w as t o b r i n g t es ti mon ies fr o m the fa the r s an d r e for m er s to sh o
the l at e i n trod u c ti on of i n fan t b a p ti sm i n to the ch u rch T he a rgu men t
w x
w a s sou n d , b u t t he au th ors eak en ed th ei r c a s e b y d ragg in g i n d i si n g e n u ou s
.

t t i o n s w hi ch Go bb e t e asi l y e p o sed
q u o a .

1
A D escri pt i on of w hat God ha th P r ed est i n ated , p 1 54 . .

3 1 1
 Smi t h ,
Hel w ys and B ap t is t O r igins
w ee pr a y th e on e m ay b e p d v
a s se d h m b o er an t
’
oth er ay e

a m en d e d .
"

P ha ps h difficul ty in binding m y acc u n f h

er t e a o t or t e

fac t ha h c p i s in th B dl ian d B i tish Mus u m

t t t e o e e o e an r e

L ib a i s hav p ag s mi sing ; h c py in h Univ si y

r r e e e s t e o t e er t

L ib a y Camb idg app a s t b p f c I b a s

r r at r e e r o e er e t . t e r

no au h s nam th E pis l h R ad b i g sign d

t or
’
e, e t e to t e e er e n e

“ Yo u r s d r ea dy d v
to f oe i you a n y goo th e ser an ts o C hr st fal s l y
ll ca ed

P AN A B A TI S TS .

b t in R bins n s lp y t this w k h unh si ta ingly ’

u o o re o or e e t
asc ib s i r
“ J hn Mu n and his ass cia s I is
e t to o r to o te .
”
t
w i n wi th s p i i s p cially in h las s c i ns
r tt e r t, e e t e t e t o

answ ing A li tl p in d w i ing f J hn R bins n s

er t e r te r t o o o o
’

to u ching B aptism T h a li p a f h b k pp s s .
”
e e r er rt o t e oo O o e

th Calvinis ic d c in s f P d s ina i n E l c i n and

e t o tr e o re e t t o ,
e t o ,

R p b i n
e ro d ass s h d c in f g n al d m p
at o an e rt t e o tr e o e er re e

t o
“
i n and f h yc a m which h au h fav u s ree c o e ter t e t or r
o

r t
“
a h han f willer t r ee .

I h ld o
“
says h ha h is y l f in man h
” 1
e t t t e re et e t t e

facul y f will hO t o fus as I will ma k p lain

to c o se o r r e e e

( ) I B y m an y Sc i p u s ( ) B y man y und niabl

r t re 2 e e

re as ns o .

I addi i n
n qu i g Sc i p u Mu n a pp als
t o to ot n r t re r to e to
c mm x p i nc and in such an a gum n as h
o on e er e e,
” 2
r e t t e

f ll wing w
o o h w h a i nalis s th dina y c ud
e see o e r t o e e or r r e

d c in c nc ning h ll t m n s
o tr e o er e or e t .

w m
T h at i or i of C on s c l en c e that s t c k eth so d e e p i n the s ou s

of all d m a l v
n e d c r e atur e s s ho u f m w d ne er a p p e ar i n h el l , i en er e

1
A Descr ip t i on w ha t, etc .
, p 95
. .

2 I bid , p 1 04
. . .
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B ap tis t Origins
,

b t a p as t
u a p t iord H laid
a re d wn tw a se . e o o

p p
ro si t i ns
o o

( )
“T h
I h i l w f l B p i m b t b hi m h
at t er e s no h h a u a t s u y t at at a

l wf l
a luli ca b i ng to ap t z e .

( )
“ 2 l h h di y l wf l lli
T h at on y e h b p i
at an o r n ar a u ca ng to a t ze

w h i o ll d h
s ca b h Ch
e h
t e r eto y t e ur c .
”

F m th s p p si ti ns h d w th c nclusi n says
ro e e ro o o e re e o o ,

Mu t n that all h s (and c ns equ n tly w ) t b ing

r o , t o e o e e no e

bapt iz d by y call d b by h s th y c nc iv
e an so e ,
ut t o e e o e e

c nv t d h m by th i gift
o er e t e unlawfull y ba ptiz d e r ,
a re e

and unbap iz d p s ns Against R bins n s vi w

so t e er o .
” 1
o o
’
e
“
Mu t n main t ain d that y disci pl f Ch is t that hath
r o e an e o r

c iv d p w and c mmandm n t f m G d t p ach

re e e o er o e ro o o re

and c nv h ugh p ast m y als by th sam

o er t , t o no or, a o e e

po w and er c mmandm n t ba p
o t iz e e .
” 2

R bins n s t
o d t f th n c ssi ty f th d mi i
o oo ou or e e e o e a n s

t at
r b ing d fini t l y call d by th Chu ch t th w k f
or e e e e e r o e or o
“
baptizing Such a lawful dina y calling t baptiz
. or r o e
”

h says t h i fi s t ba p t iz
e M Smi t h had
e r r t n i h er r. no , e t er
hav h y that w adminis t baptis m am ngs h m
e t e no er o t t e ,

n i h d th y acc n t that m is quisi t f p w

e t er o e ou or e re e or o er

and igh t t baptiz than a p s nal gift f t aching and

r o e er o o e

mak ing th by f t h i p s l y s and su p p s d

ere on e o e r ro e te o e

c nv ts W als gath f m R bins n s c i icism

o er .
” 8
e o er ro o o
’
r t

t ha t M t n and his f i nds

ur o c nv ting y r e ,
on o er an on e ,

bap iz d th m p ivat ly ga ding th i t as chu ch

t e e r e ,
re r e r e no r

ac ti n b t p s nal nly This s pp s th c n t n t i n

o u er o o .
”
u ort e o e o

t ha t J hn Smi h s ba p t ism was a d m s tic i dm

’
o t o e r te a InIs

te re d b y a ffusi n and t by di p p ing in s t am

o no re o r s e a or

1 A D escr ip ti on w ha t, etc , p 1 6 5 . . .

2
P 1 54
. S e e al s o R ob in son , Wor hs , i , p 4 4 6
. . . .

2 R ob i n son , D ef en ce of D octr i n e of Sy n od of D or t, 1 62 4 , p 44.6 .

3 14
 R o bins o n R en ou nc e s h is Or dinat i o n
lak R bins n x p ssly m n ti ns J M [u t n ] as
e. o o e re e o . r o

ba p izing al n and d cla d ha th p ac ic f his

t o e
1
e re t t e r t e o

Chu ch in all wi g bap ism b adminis d by

r o n
“ t to e t e re

p s
er o ns uncall d h un i h bey G d timm dia
e re l y t o, e t er o e te
or m diat ly by th chu ch
e e h wis han by h i e r ,
or ot er e t t e r

o w p a icula and p s nal m t i n

n rt r was ingula f m er o o o S r ro

all th f th i s c t in all p lac s Th Du ch M

o er o e r e e .
” 2
e t en

n ni t s as w hav s n nly all w d dul y dain d

o e ,
e e ee ,
o o e or e

e ld s minis t s t baptiz
er or er o e.

Mu n sk ilfully t u ns agains R bins n his w w ds

rt o r t o o o n or ,

b y which h jus ifi d his nuncia i n f t h

e t dinati n h
e re t o o e or o e

re ec iv d in h Chu ch f E ngland D William A m s

e t e r o . r. e

had p nn d a Manudu ti n
e e l ad J hn R bin c o to e on o o

son , f m th ac k n wl dgm n tha p iva c mmuni n

ro e o e e t t r te o o

wi h g dly m mb s f th Chu ch f E ngland was

t o e er o e r o

all wabl t h c gni ti n f public c mmuni n wi th

o e, o t e re o o o o o

t h m in ac s f w shi p
e This s p R bins n
t o or fus d . te o o re e to

tak eH w t in
. e
“
lp y a Manumissi n
ro e his re o
”
to t
Manuduc t i n in which h d cla d in f cibl w ds that
o e e re or e or
“
i was n c ssa y t
t n unc
e e d s c iv d f m a
r o re o e or er re e e ro

bish p and hat it was im p ssibl t

o ,
t p n t as t h o e o re e ,
e

Pu i an p ach s p t i f h
r t re er s inv lv d in u t, o t e e rro r o e

e p isc p al dina
o i n Y t h
or t ain d his
t ba
o p ism . e e re e t

re ec iv d in h Chu ch which h w c un d a fals

e t e r e no o te e

Chu ch and d cla d that his bap ism was subs qu n l y

r , e re t t e e t

re nd d valid by his p n tanc Mu n quic k ly s iz d

ere re e e. rto e e

t h e p ning
O h f
ef d and in a s p i
e rei t d p assag
o e re r e e

a p p li d R bins n s gum n t agains t th t n i n f

e o o
’
ar e e re e t o o

“ d s t h cas
or er f his o aining ba ptism d mi i
t e e o ret a n s

t e red in h A nglican Chu ch t e r .

Th gh R bins n l k d d wn wi h a su p i i
ou o o oo e o t e r or a r

1 R obi n s on , Wo r hs, i .
, p 44 9
. .
2
[ bid .
, p 5
4 1
. .

3 5 1
 Smi t h Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

u p n Mu t n and his Chu ch calling th m p s duc d

o r o r ,
e oor e e

s uls h s malap t s d c i f l p c t s and

o ,
”
t e e er ,
”
e e t u ro or ,
”
so o n ,

y eth f und t
e h i bo k f su ffi ci n im e r
p t anc t oo o e t or e o

answ t l ng th Hi ply was t p i d il l 6 4

er a e . s re no r n te t 1 2 .

I is a w igh y p duc t i n b a ing h t i l

t e t ro A D f nc o ,
e r t e t e e e e

o f th D ct in p p und d by th S yn d t D t
e o r e ro o e e o a or

against J hn Mu t n and his ass cia so r o wi th t h o te e

re fu ati f th i answ t a w i ing t uching bap ism

t on o e r er o r t o t .
” 1

T his w k indica t s in m or
p lac s t han et ha R bi o re e on e t o n

son had a cl s k n wl dg f th s wh adh d t o e o e e o o e o ere o

H l wy and Mu t n
e s I t c nfi ms m in t h c nvic i n
r o . o r e e o t o

t ha t h was b e and b d in th l cali y f m which

or n re e o t ro

many f th m sp ng H s p ak s f h p f ssi n
o e
“ ra . e e o t e ro e o

o f h k n wl dg and
t e ob di nc f th g s p l which
e e O e e e o e o e

th s e em hav mad en many y a s b h in th

e e so e r ot e

Chu ch f E ngland and ls wh

r o I a s t i k ing e e e re .
” 2
n r

p assag h ma k s
e an im p
e assi n d a pp al
e t t h s l d o e e o e e O

acq uain anc s t e

O ! hh f ll w you t f ide o o g ider s O t h ese g u es , yea , you the u es

you r se lv ll m mb es, ca to f re i e d r a n c e th e d a ys o yo ur g n o r a n c e a n

p r f
o i ll d i v f
a n e n es s sp ec a f v fi y v i er s o yo u b e o r e o u r r s t c o n e r s on

id w h
,

t o th e L or d d an w c on sd er he t er you er e n ot e e p e r r o o te d in
s in m
tha n h v
a n y oth er s iv d h w ho yetw a e n ot rece e t e g r ac e , hi c h
v ha b li v d
d on e , to d iv l G the od s
’

yo u e e e e an r e pe n t an g e g o r y to
gra c e d an f
n ot w ill b i v
t o you r o wn r e e d t h at yo u el e e, r e p en t , an

O b ey h
r a t he r m i df l
than t e y hi
B e n ot bl un n u Of t s u n sp ea ka e

q l d bv
.

m f G d
er c y o w d b v
o to ar s yo u a o e o th er s e ua an a o e yo u in
j i i
,

the w m l i m
e n oy n g O f ou t p ar d m ean s , os t t co e to ap ea r in t e th a t
yo u w v id der e n e er f n ee p a r t a k e rs th e r e o .
” 2

T h in t ima t w y in which R bins n w t

e e a f h o o ro e o t e

m mb s f th Gainsb ugh and Sc by Chu ch s

e er o e or o r oo r e

1 R ob i n son , Wor hs , A sht o n ’

i 2 61
'
s re pr in t, .
, p . .

2
1 bid , p 39 8
. . .

2 I bi d , p 3 1 6
. . .

3 1 6
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

i t ; acc dingl y h w t in
!
or
“
lp y A S as nabl Dise ro e re e o e

c u s a C nsu u p n a Dial gu f th A naba ptis ts

o r e or e re o o e o e

in ti tul d a D sc i p ti n f wha t G d hath p d s tina t d

e e r o o o re e e

c nc ning Man This answ h t lls us h s n

o er .
”“ er , e e e oo
,

d w t
re ou and s n t it by a f i nd in t E ngland e r e o

t o reclaim ( if G d saw it g d) such as had d h in o oo e rre e re

and g n as t ay by ash and inc nsid at z al b y nd

o e r r o er e e e o

k n wl dg I t mus t hav b n f h las t w k s

” 1
o e e . e ee on e o t e or

f A insw t h s lif f h di d in 6 main d in

’
o or It e, or e e 1 22 . re e

manusc i pt f s m y a s b t J hn R bins n had

r or o e e r ,
u o o o

acc ss t a c py as h f s m than nc t th
e o o ; e re e r ore o e o e

answ which A insw th had mad t M t n s a gu

er or
2
e o ur o
’
r

m n ts M than half f A insw th s ply was tak n

e . ore o or
’
re e

u p yb a d f nc f t h de e c t in f iginal
e o sin and an e o r e o or

ass t i n f th n c ssi ty f bap tizing infan ts H was

er o o e e e or . e

t ca ful t dis tinguish th maind f S m i th s ’

no re o e re er o

c m pany t A ms t dam f m th Chu ch und Mu t n

o a er ro e r er r o

for h qu t d th c nclusi n f t h f m
e o e e tha t iginal
o o o e or er or

sin is an idl t m as th ugh it w th p ini n f h

e er o ere e O o o t e

latt d cla ing tha t

er , e t his p in
r t h y h ld m on o t e e o re

e rr o n usly than th v y Pap is ts A nabaptis ts

eo e er .
” 3
c on

t nd d tha t infan s a
e e inn c t f sin and m y t b t re o en o ,
a no e

bap tiz d b caus th is n i h c mmandm n t x am p l

e e e e re e t er o e ,
e e

t u c ns qu nc f i t in all Ch is t s p f c t T s t a
’
n or r e o e e e or r er e e

m n t A gains t th s p si t i ns A insw th a gu d wi th
e .
”
e e o o or r e

all th f c t his c mmand T h t ms in which th

e or e a o . e er e

latt p si ti n was t t b cam a s t c k ph as A

er o o se ou e e o r e. s

e a ly as 6 5 H l wy and Mu t n had d cla d th

r 1 1 e
“ s r o e re
4
e re

is n i th p lain c m m and
e er x am p l f infan t o n or e e or

1 A S eason a bl e D i scou r se, ed i tion 1 644 . Add ress to Read er , S ig A . 2.

2
R ob i n so n , Wor hs , i , p p 4 0 5, 4 1 1
3
w
A i n s or th s Cen su r e p 2 9
’

Obj ect i on s A n sw er ed , etc , 1 6 1 5

.

, .
.

.
.

. .

31 8
 A ins w o r t h
Opp o s e s M u r t o n
baptism in Ch is t s T s am n t and th u ph ld s f r
’
e t e , e o er o

th cus m nly su pp d i as a c ns qu c f
e to o o rt e t o e en e o

ci cumcisi n a pp in t d in th c v nan t wi h
r o o e e o e t
A b aham and his s d T h n in w find J hn
”
r ee . e , e o

r o e
“
Mu t n d cla ing tha th is n i th c mmandm n t r t er e e er o e ,

e x am pl c ns qu nc f i in all Ch is t s
e, n or tr u e o e e e or t r
’

T s t am n t which is p f c t A insw th as w
”
e e er e . or , e s ee ,

singl d this s at m n t t f c nsu T h n again in a

e t e e ou or e re . e ,

l t da d f m L nd n M y 1 6 fi l i f ch s
e te r te ro o o ,
a 0, 1 22, l o e oe

f Mu t n s ini ns b t sim
’
l sign d “ H w
o p r o
p y o o ,
u e . e

hav th sam c nclusi n s tat d in simila t ms

e e e o o e r er .

Th is says h w i
er e
”“ n i th c mmand t e r t e r, e er o
, ,

e x am p l jus c ns qu nc [f m th Sc i p tu s]
e, or t o e e e ro e r re

for infan ts bap ism ; b t [ nly] f h ba p izing f

’
t u o or t e t o

b li v s This l tt f l l in h s til hands and was

e e er .
”
e er e to o e ,

mad th t x t f a b k agains t his g u p f

e e e or oo t ro o

A naba p is s T t his fac t w t t w i .

p s
o va ti n O e o e ts r e er o . ne

I P su pp s d t b J hn P s t n p ublish d i t in full in
. .
,
o e o e o re o , e

1 6 3 in a w k
2
“
n ti tl d A nabap ism s My t i f
or
2
e e t e
’
s er e O

I niqui y Unmas k d H s v ly c i ticis d this ”

t e . e e er e r e

A naba p is t s p a a i n f m th A nglican Chu ch and

t e r t o ro e r ,

gav his l t which h d cla s was indi d by a

e t et e r ,
“ e e re te

p inci
r p al E ld in and f t ha S p a a i
er n as a sam p l f o t e r t o ,
”
e o

th singula t aching f t h s p
e r lp e o e e eo e.

1 A D escr ipt i on of w ha t God hath P r edest in ated, p . 13 1.

2 B ri tish Mu seu m Lib rary, 4 3 2 3 , a 40 . .

3 9
1
 C HA P TE R XX I I I
J ES S OP
’
S D I S CO V ER Y O F T H E E R R O R S O F T H E E N G LI S H

A N A B A P T I S TS

A N OTHER b
h wing ligh t u p n h p ini ns f
o ok t ro o t e o o o

t his s ci y f E nglish B p is s was issu d in 6 3 by

o et o
“ a t t e 1 2

E dm nd J ss p w h o s m im wal k d
e o ,
wi h o o et e e t
th m H call d his w k A Disc v y f h E s
”
e . e e or o er O t e r r or

o f h E nglish A naba p is s
t e wh in is t t t e re se

d wn all h i
o e ll d main p in s f
t e r s ev e r a which an e o t o e rr o r

t h y h l d wi h a full answ t v y
e o ,
t f h m er o e er on e o t e

s v lly wh in h u h is manif s d I f i was

e e ra er e t e tr t e te .
”
t
di ffi cul f Mu n and his f i nds g h i b k s
t or rt o r e to et t e r oo

p in
r d i tewas as y
,
and tsaf p ublish b ek s gains e to oo a t
t h m J ss p had n d g t H ll nd f a
e . e o no ee to o o o a or

p in
r H i
ter b .k w p in d in
s L nd n b
oo y W J s as r te o o . on e

and p nl y s ld in Ch apsid by R b t B i d h ign

O e o e e o er r at t e S

o f h B ibl t e I was d dic de . his m s x c ll n

t e a te to o t e e e t
d adre ig L d Ja m s K ing f E ngl nd Sc land
s ov e r a ne or e o a ,
ot
,

F anc and I land a c n as

r e, h ph asing f h
re ,
”
o tr t to t e r o t e

d dica i n h K ing indi d by H l wy Th sc p

e t o to t e te e s . e o e

f his b k will b su ffici n l y indica t d by J

’
o t oo p e e t e e sso s

o w summa y
n H i acc un is valuabl as c ming f m
r . s o t e o ro

on e w h had an insid acquain anc wi h t h p si i

o f e t e t e o t on o

M n and H l wy b w mus t b a in mi d as w
u r to e s, ut e e r n e

re ad hat i is giv n f m h p in t f vi w f an
t t e ro t e o o e o

O
pp n n to T h
e ca f l. ad will n ic he p p t nc
re uy re er ot e t e re o e

3 2 0
 Smi t h ,
H el wys and B ap t is t Or igins
is no b a p ti s m at al l , b u t i s th e ‘
mar ke of the b e a st ’
s p ok e n o f in
Re l i xiii
v“ e at on .

7 T h at the C h u r c h
. of E n gl an d i s a fa l s e an d i i i
An t chr st an

C hur ch an d ou ght to b e s ep ar a te d fr om As al s o a tou ch of the

i
.

e r r or s of the F am li s ts .

8 .
“An d that a Ki n g or Mag i s tr ate c an n ot be a tr u e C hr sti an i
exc ep t he g iv v
Ki l fi m i e o er hi s ng y O f c e or ag s tr ac y.

Th c py f J b k in h B dl ian L ib a is
’
e op o t esso y s oo e o e r r

o f x c p i nal in t
e e s t b caus it has b n p fus ly
t o er e ,
e e ee ro e

ann tat d wi th ma ginal n t s in a c n t m p a y hand

o e r o e o e or r

by f h m mb s f wha J ss p calls
on e o t e e t his li tt l
er o t e o e

silly s ct f E nglish A nabapt is s Unf una ly h

e o t .
”
or t te t e

ma gins hav b n badly c pp d in binding d

r e ee ro e ,
an

s v al p ag s missing t th d f his c py b
e er e ar e a e en o t o ,
ut

th e manusc i pt n t s that r l gibl h w ha t th o e ar e e e S o t e

w i t was a s t ng pp n n t f p d s tinati n an
r er ro o o e o re e o ,

u p h ld f f ch ic and adul t bap ism

o er o ree who e t , on e o

o pp s d o e
p s cu i f ma
er et s f ligit n and
on main or te r o re o

t i
a ne d h igh f y b d y f p p l n wly awa k n d
t e r t o an o o eo e e e e

to h t u th
t e f m a Chu ch wi h u g ing th
r to or r t o t o to e

Chu ch s f E ngland R m f au th i y I f this

r e o or o e or or t .

c i ic f J p b k w
r t o e ss o t J hn Mu t n hims lf i
’
s oo ere n o o r o e ,
t
was s m o h ughly w ll acquain t d wi h Mu t n s
e on e t o ro e e t r o
’

o p ini ns and o w i i gs r t n .

L t us a k
e tw t x am pl s li t ti m p
e on e or o e e er a ,
su

pyl ing missing p a s in b ac k t s T h allusi

rt ns r e . e re are o

t p s cu i n which h s A naba p t is t s w
o er e t o s ill ndu t e e ere t e r

ing R f ing t th u m mb s f h S ta
. e e rr o e tr e e er o t e te
Chu ch t which h had u n d J ss p says in
r o e re t r e ,
e o

figu a iv sc i p u al languag mad familia him in

r t e r t r e e r to
his in imat ass cia i n wi h h A naba ptists I f Ch is
t e o
“ t o t t e : r t
hung h y f d him if h thi s t h y giv d in k if
er t e ee , e r t e e to r ,

h b na k d t h y cl th him if h b sic k
e e e e in p is n
o e , e e or r o

32 2
 M anu sc ri p t N o t e s o n J e ssop s B o o k ’

th y visi him agains his is w i n R a h a k

e t
“ t t r t te t er t e
,

b ad f m hym and p yl h bym and mak hym

re ro s o et e

nak d and sic k by p is ning and im p v ishing and

e r o o er

p unishing f his d i yp l o A gain t h ma ginal n

sc es .
” 1
e r ote

e o
“
is add d t an th p assag Th im f p s cu i n o er e, e t e o er e t o

c n inu h y t i is t v
o t et Wh n J ss p says W
e ,
t no o er .
” 2
e e o ,
e

sh uld lo kn w h L d
e ar n e his A naba ptis c i ic
to o t e or ,
”
t r t
w i s in h ma gin l
r te
“ t ! can w
e l r m e ar n e e ea r n e o re
,

than w d y d t l
e a re ? orin ima i g ha if
a ne o e ar n e
”
t t n t t
tha b t J e p cas
so f p d s t ina
e s so i n falls ’
hs e or re e t o to t e

g und J ss p a gu s agains h p ssibili y f th

ro . e o
“
r e t t e o t o e

e e
“
l c falling away f m G d Th sanc ifi d s van s
t ro o . e t e er t
o fG d o g f m fai h t fai h n vo ongiving v ro t o t ,
e er o er

n or u ning bac k
t r falling away f m th living ,
n or ro e

G d o t which t h ann a says A y hav

o
“ e ot tor s ou e
,

d n f m y t u h y nc h ld g ing fa t h and
o e ro
°
r t ou o e e o r er

fa h f m y t u h f G d
rt er ro H fu t h °
says f
r t o o .
” 3
e r er o

J ss p hat h w n t
e o t f m y y had y t u h and
e e ou t ro
111 t °
r t
t u n d bac k g y
r e t C mm n ting an h
a a ne o e r ro r .
” 4
o e on ot er

assag h sa s “ T h Chu ch f E n land us d ann o t

p y e e
g , y y e r e r

als [ c m p lling] m g y t h i c nsci nc s

o o e en a ns t e r o e e to
submi t t s i ty ann y t d p iv m f h i
o e r ro r ,
’
t s r o e r e en O t e r

w ldl y g ds much m t d p iv h m f th y
or oo or e o e r e t e o e r

h av nly
e e .
” 5

J ss p d v t d a g d d al f s pac t a c nsid a ti n
e o e o e oo e o e o o er o

o f h qu s i n as
t e h w a
e tw Ch is t ian Chu ch c uld
o to o ne r r o

p ssibl
o y b t p W e h y t
se wai t f u w . er e t e o or ne

a p s l s a pp a t c ns ti tu th Chu ch as s m
o t e to e r o re- o te e r ,
o e

main ain d sh uld h y t a h ga d h la g

t e ,
or o t e no r t er re r t e r er

his t ic Chu ch s f Ch is t nd m as u Chu ch s af

or r e o r e o tr e r e t er

1 MS . n ote to B od l eian copy

2
of J e s so p 5
’
D i scov ery , p 30 . .

P 74 P 35. . P 36. P 87
. . .

X 2
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap ti st Or igin s
,

all ? I f th y w g ing t s ta t af sh wh w uld

e e re o o r re ,
o o

or d in h i E ld
a t e r
“
Minist ? Wh will y find er or er ere ou

an E ld shi p t d i him
er o or a ne
1

F lish qu s i ns says th ann ta

oo e
“ f und d
t o
”
e o t or , o e on
,

e r ro r d s t th u hin k ch ist [ w uld] b ild his chu ch

o o t r o u r

on A y h i i nt s and his Minis t y h ld and

c r s t an e rr or ,
r o

h av A y h i t i ffic s and dy as if ch is t s ’
e nt c r s an o e or n a n ce s , r

chu ch f y w T s m n t w n w t b f und ?
r o e ne e ta e e re o e o e o

Th is
at y h f m f
t o sah C h u ch was
,
cl atl y t
e or o t e r e r se

ou t in h N w T s ta m n t and th was n d t g
t e e e e , ere no ee o o

hun i g f i w h fai hful sim ply had c m

t n or t no ,
t e t to o e

t g th
o e and f ll w th N w T s tam n t m d l and
er o o e e e e o e se t

u p t h Chu ch
e an w t h ms lv s r T t h s w h we e e e . o o e o ere

ex p c ing w A p s tl s J ss p said Wh shall

e t ne
“ o e e o ,
o

s nd h m ? Ch is is asc nd d and h d th t w
e t e r t e e e o no no

app e ar call and s d y as h did th A p s tl

to en an e e o e

Paul A d A p s tl s b such as c m f m th
. n o e e o e ro e

p s
re enc f h L e d d hav
o s tn him
e A gains or an e ee .
” 2
t
his is w i n I th “ calling f m
t [
t te ] b t 6
r s er e no u ro
: y
chu ch f R m ? is y chu ch f R m th t u
r o o e
e
r o o e e r e

ch ch as y u A p s ta t b th F ancis J hn [s n]
ur o r o e ro er r o o
3

h ld h
o et .
”

J h s n in his las t b k in d
o n o av id th A oo ,
or er to o e na

ba p is t a gum n t t ha ba p ism in a fals Chu ch was

t r e t t e r

no ba p ism t all wi hd w f m his a li c nt n ti n

t a ,
t re ro e r er o e o

1
2
J e ss op ,
’
p 76 ,
. an d MS . n o te .

J e s so p sD i s cov ery , p 77
3
Com pare
God b a i /
w
z P r ed es i i n ated , 1 6 2 0 ,
. .

i th th i s n o te a passag e i n Mur ton s D escr zpzi m of w fia t

’

her e he i s a rg u i n g ag ain s t p u t ti n g w
‘

p 1 53 , .

i n fa n t b ap ti sm i n t he p l ace of c ir c u m cis i on an d l earn i n g C hr i st o f Moses ,

t h e G os p el o f th e La w
“ Wha t i s the issu e of al l this ? T ru th a n d
.

e x pe r i e n c e t e a ch e th— a n e c es s i ti e of m ain tayn i n g that h arl ot a n d

s tr u m p e t R o m e t o b e G o d s c h u r c h a n d p eo pl e , a s th at a p os tat e F ran
’

J
.

”
ohn son an d others hav e d on e a s i n d eed i t c an n o t b e a v o yd ed .

324
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

s lf baptism f m th x am pl f J hn th B aptis t
e -
ro e e e o o e .

Th was p assag f sc i ptu t indica t that J hn

ere no e o r re o e o

had bap tiz d hims lf

n ot i t was p n t eCh is t s e , so o e o r
’

d i ipl
sc t c v that i t f th ms lv s in cas f
es . o re o er r e or e e e e o

n d ee .

Th is c mm n t f this an n ym us ann tat

e re one o e o o o o or

which indica t s hat s m att n t i n was w b ing e t o e e o no e

giv n t th m th d f ba ptizing A ss ming hi m t

e o e e o o . u o

h v mad his m k s
a e t his b
e k s n af it re ar on oo oo te r s

p ublic i n and f
at o m h i f shn ss
,
and f c I a k ro t e r re e or e t e

t his t hav b on th cas th n this n f ms

e ee f e e, e o te or on e o

th a li s t indica i ns that th E nglish A naba ptis ts

e e r e t o e

w c nsid ing th igh mann f adminis t ing

e re o er e r t er o er

baptism I la t days th y cam t p ac tic imm

. n er e e o r e er

si n ins t ad f bap izing by affusi n and s ymb lic

o e o t o o

washi g Th y a pp a t hav b n influ nc d by t w

n . e e r o e ee e e o

re as ns o y m l gical
,
h t
on e h sc i pet
t al T h y o o ,
t e o er r ur . e

b cam c nvinc d tha t th significati n f th w d

e e o e e o o e or
“
ba ptiz w s t d ip and th id a x p ss d by
e
”
a o e e e re e
,

S t Paul f b ing bu i d wi h Ch is t in ba p t ism and

. o e r e t r

r ising t wal k in n wn ss f lif ( R m vi 4 ; C l

o
)e e o e o . . o . 11 . 12

g adually v p w d th id a f cl ansi g which h d

r o er o ere e e o e n a

hi h t b n m p min n t ly ass cia d in th i

t er o ee ore ro e o te e r

mi ds wi th h baptismal i t Wh n th Pa ticula
n t e r e. e e r r

B a p is s ad pt d th p actic f imm si n in 64 4
t t o e e r e o er o 1 0 1,

t h G n al B a p t is s
e e nf c d by a la g numb f
er t , re - e or e r e er o

f sh adh n s pp a t hav s n ad pt d h
re ere t ,
a e r o e oo o e t e

sam m th d e e o .

Th c mm n t t which I
e o f is mad e a p ssag o re er e on a e

i n
“
which J ss p gu s tha t th bap tism f child n
e o ar e e o re
,

n i h is can b h ma k f th B as s p k n f in
e t er n or e t e r o e e t o e o

R x iii 6 f ha
ev . is such a hing ( i d d ) as
. 1 ,
or t t t n ee

326
 M eaning of t he W o r d B ap ti z e
y ung
o child n ca p abl
re f T
are his his
n ot e o . o t
o
pp n n j
o ins e t re o

[ e] b i mY i i [
ap t s ] i wh
e of c hr s t i[ ] s su ch a th ng er e of n fan ts ar e

n ot l [ ]
c ap ab w [ j d If i
it d e re m u se an d p r a c t se on t h e t h ey
wl [ i
.

o d ] w d m
be dr o [ v ]
ne as [ ]
an y ha e b e e n a s h s tor ys n ot e s

the r e for e [m ] i ai f
n ew d f m [ m]
o- t on s ou n or the na el y to
i kl
spr n [ de] i d
the yrf d i ”1
p ih ea[ w i ] w b
n s tea i m o p ng h ch y
e
or d ap t s e

[ s ign i ] -
fyeth .

his is t sl nd a basis t su pp t an ass ti n

T oo e er o or er o

t ha t this g u p f ba p t iz d b li v s p ac t is d imm si n
ro o e e e er r e er o

in ab u t h y a 6 5 b t i p in ts h fac hat
or o t e e r 1 2 , u t o to t e t t
a tt n ti n was b ing paid h m limi d m aning
e o e to t e ore te e

o t
“
f h w d ba p tiz
e in th s ns f d ip
or e e e e o .
”

1
J ess op s
’
D i scov er y, p 68 , . an d MS . n ote .

3 7
2
 C HA P TE R XX V I
CO R R E S P O N D E N C E B ETWE E N E N G LI SH AND D U TC H

A N A BA P T I S T S

TH E u n f H l wy and Mu t n wi h h i m
ret r o e s r o t t e r co

an
p y f f ll w b li ov s E ngland ewas an
o im p an e e er to ort t
incid n t f th af his y f h G n al B a p is s
e or e te r to r o t e e er t t .

I t nly gav an im p us t h s p d f h p in
n ot o e et o t e re a o t e r

c ipl and d c in s adv cat d in h i c nf ssi n f

es o tr e o e t e r o e o o

faith b i a ff d d an ganiz d s ci y which h s

,
ut t or e or e o et to t o e

o f li k mind c uld a tach h ms lv s W s n find

e o t t e e e . e oo

g u ps f A nabap is s g h d in w shi pp ing s ci i s

ro o t t at e re to or o et e

in di ff n dis ic s in E ngland which f g s f m

ere t tr t to re u ee ro

A ms dam u n d T h u ni g A nabap is s w
te r ret r e . e r et r n t t e re

f ll f z al f h caus W d f h mul i ud s
u o e
“ or t e e . e rea o t e t t e

f h i disci p l s and h ugh ha is an ala mis ph as ” 1

o t e r e , t o t t r t r e

i is cl a
t ha h y mad h adway
e r t t t e e e .

N c ds f h Chu ch f H l wy and Mu n
0 r e or o t e r o e s r to a re

k n wn o x is b D M ull disc v d s m l s
to e t, ut r . er o e re o e e tt e r
2

am ngs h a chiv s f h A ms dam M nn ni s

o t t e r e o t e te r e o te
which h w ligh p it c ndi i n and b li fs T h s
t ro t u on s o t o e e . e e

l sw
e t te r ccasi n d by a s m all s c ssi n A
e re o o e e e o . s so

o f n happ ns in a Chu ch which f s s s ng i d i i

te e r o te r tro n v

duali y diff nc f pini n a s Si x n m mb s

t , a er e e o o o ro e . t ee e er

und E lias T k y w x c mmunica d b Mu n s

er oo e er e e o te v rto
’

1 A n a bap t i s m es My s ter i e, 1 6 2 3 , p 6 1
9
T h e c or r es p on d en ce i s p rin te d i n E
.

v
.

an s
’
E a r ly B ap t i sts, pp . 21 — 51 .

3 2 8
 Smi th ,
Hel w ys
and B ap t is t Origins
o ther i d li v
c oun tr es M an m e w f th er e . an y a on g us n ow er e o

ii
Op n on i W d
t h at t w a s hi h . l d e f l
o n ot t nk t at the h o y an p e ac e u
d i f
o c tr n e o i mi tol e r ation
d f m m i i s mm s u se i so e re a n n ou r c o u n i on

(i f h t qi ) h w
ey a r e u et wh w o ld i f
kn o n ot yet at t h ey s h ou th nk o

C i hr i if m
’
d e ty
st s F ur th er w e
b n or y ou t h a t t h e r e i s n o o d y
a m d i
on g s t u s w h o d i f i b
en e s t he e ty o C hr s t ; u t th e r e ar e t w o or

t hr e e w h o h av m wh di ff e a so ii e m i i iat er e n t o p n on th an w e a n ta n n

g e n er al h , i
t h ou g w e th
ll i m nk m that
d a fte r a t co es to t h e sa e en .
”

T h s tw e e th und s t d th d i ty f Ch is t as
o or ree er oo e e o r

b inge

T he l m i (j
n at u ra h li
e f h
a n a t on
) f u s t as t e gh t o t e sun ou t o th e
e te rn al b sud h i m i k l l i
st an c e an t at th s e an at on ta es p ac e a s o n

m an y oth er i i G d lik
c as es wi d m m t s o -
e s tr en gt h , s o er c
y,
j i & w
,

u st c e , h G d
c., &c . m t at d o h as sen t ou t to ake the or l d an

r e c on cil l m e fa l enA d h l an d m n s a l we c on e n e ac h other

f
or ii
t h es e Th b f f m
o p n on s P if at m e ar ro u s. B ut we see th a t so e

cr uc if Ch i y h G d li k
r s t or w hi t e ko f b e n at u r e ch th ey p a r t a e o y
w d l k w
,

the ic ke i h d m
n e ss of s n , m t en we c on e n the , a s w e su r e y no

th at th e W d G l d dm d m
or of od h as a re a y c on e ne t he .
”

H again it is s n that un th d x p ini ns

e re ee or o o O o c on

c ning th p s n f Ch is t w p val n t am ngs t th

er e er o o r e re re e o e

E nglish A naba p t is t s b t t h is cl a t ac as y t , u e re no e r r e e

o f h S cinian p si ti n b ing h ld
t e o t l a t d by t h m
o o e e or o er e e .

T h l tt e g s t p in t t hat f sing an ath

e er oe
“ on o o ou t re u o

w uld b guil y hu ful in c un t y as s m w uld

o e t or rt ou r o r ,
o e o

t hin k w fus d th ath f all gianc t

e re e e k ing o o e e o ou r .

Th w i t s e f r c nc d t th pini n f th M
er so ar o e e o e O o o e en

n ni t s u p n magis t acy and th p f ssi n f a ms as

o e o r e ro e o o r

t o y t ha
sa t t h y will n i t h t a k
e assum f e er e n or e on e o

th m e and t h y b ing h i l tt t a cl s by ask ing

,
e r t e r e er o o e

th A ms t dam Chu ch sh uld th y b acc pt d in

e er r ,
o e e e e to

o
“
c mmu i n t w i f w w ds t J hn Mu t n d
n o o r te a e or o o r o an

his f i nds in d t augm p ac and w lfa and

r e or er o en t e e e r e,
”

330
 L ett er s t o H o lland
als t satisfy w f th i numb u p n h qu s ti n f
o o t o o e r er o t e e o o

succ ssi n f m h t im f h a p s l s
e o ro t e e o t e o t e .

M c s p nd nc f ll w d A l ng l t f m
ore or r e o e e o o e . o e t er ro

A ms t dam in M y 6 4
er Sign d wi h h c ns n and
a ,
1 2 , e t t e o e t
all wanc f h minis t s and s van ts f h Du ch
o e o t e er er o t e t
and E nglish Ch ch s f J sus Ch is t in hat p lac ur e o e r t e,

e nabl s us t t ac h g n al c u s f h n g ia i ns
e o r e t e e er o r e o t e e ot t o

f
or uni n F m this l t w ga h tha t T k y and
o . ro et er e t er oo e

his f i nds had s n m ss ng s v in t H lland

r e e tk e e er o er o o to as

t h judgm n t and ad ic
e f h M nn ni
e Chu ch u p n v e o t e e o te r o

h diff nc s b tw n h ms lv s and Mu n s Chu ch ’

t e ere e e ee t e e e rto r .

B utth Du tch and E nglish M nn ni Chu ch h

e e o te r t ere

w uld t x p ss an p ini n h cas wi h u h a

o no e re O o on t e e t o t e r

ing b th sid s I f y th y J hn Mu n s m
o
“e .
”
sa e o rt o or o e
, ,

b dy f his f ll w s c m s us wi th a k ind h a t and

o o o o er , o e to e r

a manag abl mind w shall b v y glad

e e him e e er to s ee .

A y s h y had
et th a d his sid f h cas C
e n ot e r e o t e e . on

f e r en ces
“
and as nings w had wi h T k y re o er e t oo e
’
s

m ss ng s wh w s n t bac k E ngland b a ing

e e er , o e re e to e r

m n y and w i tings and a l tt sign d by th minis t s

o e r e er e e er ,

H ns d R i s and R ni Wyb
a e et ; this las t h m e er ran t e es

s en g f s
ers m as n wi
or hh ld oTh Du ch
e b h
re n o t e . e t re t re

h d s m discussi n wi h h E nglish m ss ng s
a o e o h t t e e e er on t e

subj c f th d i y f Ch i and th y f it in t h i
e t o e e t o r st, e re er to e r

l tt in h s ms
e er t e e ter

W m
hen you r w d
e s se n g er s wi
ere h er e a n m
we s p oke th t h e
we l d v di
d e c ar e th e n t hat th o se w ho h a e ii ffer en t op n on s ab ou t
,

the ii or g m n ofd C i t he hu m d m an bo y of hr st ar e e s tee e a on g u s

as wi
t o b e b orn e ill l th , as th e y s t be on g t o tho se wh o d o n ot d en y
th e hu m i i ty o f C hr
an l m st but c on fes s t ha t h e i s t r u y an B ut i f
x i f x b
.

on e w ou l d e te n d t m so ar , th at w e s h ou l d e s t e e it e cu s a le
th a t m so mi eb o d y i C i
g h t d e n y i
t h e d e ty o f h r s t or den ed tha t
C i hr st was w r e al l y G od h e w l v
o u l d n ot u n d er s ta n d us el but er y

3 3 1 ,
 S m i th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

w l Ad
ron g y f .
p i m n x i
t he re or e , w e ho e t ay p l ea s e
you t o e p l a n to
ld d d w m l
,

us h o w w e s h ou W d un er s ta n you r or d s e o n ot c o p e on e

b li v fC i wh d wi hr W b u t b ear th e a c h oth e r
’
to e e e o st at we o, e

hi i l id f ii i
.

d e sir ek w w of C hr s t
’
to no heth er t s s on y sa o t he or
g n s

b d o wh i v
y , or il f di C
ether t co er s the art c e o the e ty o f hr i st .
”

Th l t t cl s s wi th an indica ti n that th Ch ch
e e er o e o e ur at

A ms t dam was dis p s d t

er admi T k y d his o e o t oo e an

f i ds t th i b th h d
r en o c iving a sa isfac y
e r ro er oo on re e t to r
answ t th p in ts h er o is d e o e re r a e .

Th b h n in L nd n t k im t c nsid h i
e re t re o o oo t e o o er t e r

re lp y which was v n tually w i tt n by E lias T k y

,
e e r e oo e ,

“
subsc ib d y u k ind and sinc f i nds igh n in
r e o r e re r e e te e
,

n umb livi g in L nd n M ch 7
er n and add ss d o o ,
ar 1 ,
re e
“t oh h l y and disc
t e t ld s H ans d R i s and
o ree e er e e

R ni e Wy b t er I t his l t i is admi
r an d tha t
. n e t er t t te

th w diff nc s f p ini n am ngs t h m b t y

ere ere e re e o o o o t e ,
u sa

t e
“
h y w can b a wi h ach h in p c and h
e e r t e ot er ea e,
”
t e
,

e e
“
b li f is xp ss d tha t such Ch is ia l anc is a
e re e r t n to er e

b tt p s vativ gains t disc d in h Chu ch han

e er re e r e a or t e r t
minu t x ami ati ns limi tati ns c nsu s and
e e n o , o , e re c on

d m ti
e na nly f p i i n This is a famili b li f
on s o or O n o .
”
ar e e

to d y b
-
ai t was si ngula and
,
ut ma k abl wh it was r re r e en

e nunciat d by this li ttl g u p f Anaba ptis s

e e ro o t .

Th h p in ts f h d i ty f Ch is t th a h and
e t re e o o t e e o r ,
e o t ,

w wh in th Du tch f und th chi f bs tacl s f uni n

ar , e re e o e e o e o o

wi h th s E glish A naba ptis ts

t e e ach handl d in this
n ,
a re e e

l tt Th E nglishm n p ss th ms lv s as h lding
e er . e e ex re e e e o

t h same Op ini n as t h M nn i s u p n h d i y f
e o e e on te o t e e t o
“r
“
Ch is t unl ss th y add y w uld c m p l us t e
”
e ou o o e o
, ,

b li v th diff n t p s ns in th D i y which man

e e e ree e re er o e e t n er

f s p a k ing is t f u d in h Sc i p s A ga ds ”
o e no o n t e r tu re . s re r

th ath and w th y w
e o t p pa d ta k
a r, p h e e re n o re re to e u t e

33 2
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap tis t Origin s
,

minis t t A l k maa c ns qu n tl y A s t s n t a l tt
er a r, o e e re o e e er

on t him ann uncing h a ival f t h s t w

o o E nglish t e rr o e e o

m en and as k i g h w t p c d W hav d lay d “n o o ro ee . e e e e

th m e h say s
” “ and m anwhil d d
e E nglish e e or e re ou r
, ,

to sh w h m o las t answ t E lias T k y H

t e our er o oo e .
”
e

o o e
“
als n t s that th c un t a numb in E ngland f es e o er o

und ub t dly 5 p s ns
o e and b l ng t h p pl
1 0 er o e o o t e eo e

o f J hn Mu t n and T h s D n ys
o r o o . e .

Th l t e ca i d b y h s d pu t i s was a l ng and
e te r rr e t e e e e o

w ll c nsid d c mmunicat i n T h w i t s x p ss
e o ere o o . e r er e re

t h i d si
e r f uni ty and f his as n sum att m pts
e re or ,
or t re o re e e

mad in f m y a s f p ac and uni n th ugh h

e or er
“ e r or e e o o t e

m s t p inci p al am ng us
o r w d ad and s t w i t h th
o ar e n o e re e

L d or T h y t h n p ass
. te an x aminat i n f th
e on o e o o e

C nf ssi n f Fai th issu d by th M nn ni t s a c py f

o e o o e e e o e ,
o o

which had b n s n t h m This c nf ssi n was ee e t e . o e o

p ac
r t icall y t h sam as t ha t d awn e p and submi t d t
e r u t e o

J hn Smi th and his c m p any many y a s b f

o Th o e r e ore . e

E nglish Anaba p t is t Chu ch s f und th ms lv s in r e o e e e

g n al ag m n t wi th th d c t inal pa ts f th
e er re e e e o r r o e

c nf ssi n b t th y x p ssly s ti pula t d f th t n

o e o u e e re e or e re e

t i n wi thin
o
“ th s ci ty f t u b li v s f th s e o e o r e e e er o o e

wh did o t b li v no
“
hat Ch is t assum d hi subst anc
e e e t r e s e

f m Ma y T h main pa t f th l tt is c nc n d
ro r . e r o e e er o er e

wi th di ff nc s u p n p in t s f p actic T h E nglish
er e e o o o r e . e

k th L d s Su pp v y Sunday and h ld it t b
’
too e or er e er e o e

l gi i mat f dina y b th n wi th th c ns n t f th
e t e or o r r re re e o e o e

Chu ch t p ach c nv t and adminis t th dinanc s

r o re , o er er e or e

f ba p ism and t h L d s Su p p wh n th bish ps ’ ”

o t e or er e e o

or
“ ld s e w er t p s nt
”
T his was c n t a y t
er e no re e . o r r o

t h p ac tic
e rf h M nn ni t s e o I g d t h a th
t e e o e . n re ar o t e o ,

magis acy d h tr f a ms h E nglish als t k

,
an t e u se o r ,
t e o oo

33 4
 W eekl y C o mm uni o n S er vic e
t h i w lin T h y w uld t abs lu t ly c nd mn
e r o n e . e o no o e o e

t h m h lding hat h y had a us ful plac in th w ld

e ,
o t t e e e e or ,

t h ugh lac in h “s i i ual k ingd m chu ch t f t

o p nop e e r o or r o

th N w T s am n
e e I c nclusi n h y y W
e t e
“ t .
”
n o o t e sa e
,

a
p y y
r t c nsid ou a n s t l
o
y l l o h s di ff nc s and
er e r e a t e e ere e

to w it rus af tha t c nsid a i n wh th y

e to ,
t er o er t o , e er ou

c uld su ff us as w can suff y in h s ma s

o er ,
e er ou t e e tt e r
t hat w m y th n b t g h as m mb s f
e a e b dy e o et er e er o on e o ,

f which Ch is is h h ad
”
o r t t e e .

H ans d R i s d w p a lis t f s a ching qu s t i ns t

e e re u o e r e o o

b p e b f h d p u i s f m h fi Chu ch s in
ut e o re t e e t e ro t e ve r e

E ngland I s m f h s th
. n ch f p as t dis p u t s is
o e o t e e e e o o e

t b d t c d
“ Wh t h te h t hin k t h m w t h t
o e g e e y ,
e . .
, y e er e e or

t ob x c mmunica d ha cam f m E gland and

e e o te t t e ro n

t k p h i
oo sid nc h ; and thin k ha t th y wh
u t e r re e e er e t e o

liv h e blig d liv again in E ngland ?

e r e a re o e to e

Th d si d uni n was t c nsumma d Th

e e re o no o te . e

re as n is discl s d in a l
o w i t n f m T iv t n by
o e e tt er r t e ro er o

Jam s J pp and I sab l his wif in 6 3 J pp had

e o e
1
e e 1 I . o e

visi t d H lland and had al ady c s p nd d wi h h

e o re or r e o e t t e

Chu ch t h r H and th f i nds ere . t T iv t n had e e r e a er o

c iv d a l t f m A ms t dam dat d S p mb 3
re e e e te r ro er e e te er I ,

1 63 F m J pp
0 .
p ly w
ro gath ha h Du ch
O e s
’
re e er t t t e t
b h n d cla d tha th faul was h E nglish sid
re t re e re t e t on t e e

as ga ds h failu
re r ff c t a uni n b caus s m
t e re f to e e o , e e o e o

t h m k p and us d h mat ial sw d Y will

e e t “ e t e er or ou
,

h says all w us t hav y c mmuni y wi th

”
n ot , e ,
o o e an o t

y ou unl ss w f sa k eall ffic s f eg v nm orn e o e o o er e t or

au th i ty and th
or f th ma t ial sw d e J pp u se o e er or .
”
o e

c n t nds that h s things all wabl acc ding t

o e t e e are o e or o
1 A J J
c ert ai n H
oh n oope was m embe r of
a en oc h C l a ham s S e ara ti s t
’

Church
i n I 598
V m S ee
th e
”
i si b l e
C l apha
p Ca thol i c an d A pos tol i c Chu r ch
s S i n ag a i nst 1 6 H ol
p
a t Am ster d am -

y G/
’
. zost .

335
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

ou r du y t th k ing and t th c un t y in which w

t o e o e o r e

liv and i all civil things which

e n law ful are

n v h l ss w y als ha t if th w n v an
e e rt e e e sa o t ere ere e er

o ccasi n t h sw d i t w
o o u se much b tt
t e Th or ere e er .
”
e

l tt c nclud s
e er o e

W ff ki d
e o d i er you i l
ou r wif
n an s n c er e g r eet n g , a so yo ur e

an d theb l v d f d l v
o th e r wi e o m e A x r i en
d s i in g th yo u , n a el y le an er

H i J
odgk n , w w i h h i wi voh n Dr ed l — t t e r es, an al o th e r s n ot

i
f or g e tt f d
ng w m th e d i f m
ou r e l
,

er s , ho yo u s h o u l n or th e c on te n t s

wi b l v i d
,

o f thi s l e tt er
d h an th a t of t e o th er rtt e n b y o u r e o ed fr en s

at i l
L n co n d l d . lw i h
T h e L or Am ea yo u a a s n t e tr u th
y . en .
”

Th J hn D w h e o n m d h d b n th b a f a
re
1
e re a e a ee e e re r o

g n al l t in 6 3
e er et erh Ch ch t L inc ln 1
“ d 0 to t e ur a o an

t h e h s fot b th n a m ng this na i n T his

er o our re re o t o .
”

l tt m nst a d wi h h E nglish f
e er re o r te mm i t t e or e x co un

cat ing b h n wh ccasi nally s t d th pa ish

r et re o o o re or e to e r

chu ch s t lis n h p aching T h a t i tud ak n

r e o te to t e re . e t e t e

u p y b h E nglish t A naba p
e t is s u p n his p in t v als a t o t o re e

c t in ha dn ss and na wn ss f m which h M
er a r e rr o e ro t e en

n i s w fr
on te
“ Y t hin k i
er e bt ee b a wi th ou t e te r t o e r

such s y J p p and hus b a wi h h s hat

,
”
a s o e, t to e r t t o e t

are e vil f which f c t w hin k hat y

,
or guil y and
a e t t ou ar e t ,

t hat h caus c m s f m y u sid tha t h b

t e e o e ro o r e t e re e no

uni ty b w n us I f w had k n wn hat y had such

et ee . e o t ou

o
p ini ns wh n ow as k d f uni e n wi t h y e w sh uld e or o ou , e o

fi s t hav w k d t y u f mati n Th p licy f

r e or e a o r re o r o . e o o

L aud had ng nd d a singula bi tt n ss f f ling

e e e re r er e o ee

agains t h Chu ch f E ngland t e r o .

1
H w
W
s ec ti on o f th e
x
a te r l a n d
J
i th hi s b roth ers A l e an de r an d oseph , b el on g ed to the E n glish
e,

J
Chu rc h a t A m ste r d a m ose p h D r e w w as
J
.

r o o s ed by the c on si s tor y as m i n i s ter on u l y 8 , 1 6 4 0 , a n d ac ce ted the

p p
“M r
v
o ffi ce o n D e c e m b er 8 .
D r a w of Li n col n v p ”
J
i n t er en ed on
w
E an s B a i i sts , i , 2 2 3
’

oh n w I t is
’
S mi th s b eha l f
p
or th n o t i ce tha t a

i th t he
. .

Bi shop o f Li n col n i n the S pri n g of 1 60 3 Cf : A r t B ook of B i s/

’
zo s Cou r t
p .

fo 4 0b
. .

33 6
 C HA P TE R XX V
TH E P I LG R I M FAT H E R S -”
PL Y MO U TH P LA N T ATI O N

THE P U RI T A N E XOD US I N F LU E N CE OF TH E

I D E A S O F S M I T H A N D R O B I N S O N O N T H E P U R I TA N

C O LO N I S T S — R O GE R —
WI LLI A MS F I R S T BA P T I S T

C H U RCH IN A M E R I CA R E AC TI O N OF N EW

E N G L A N D C H U R C H P O LI T Y ON E N G LI S H P U R I TA N S
—CO N C L US I O N .

W H Mu t n and his f i nds w s p ading h i

I LE r o r e e re re t e r

b li fs in h l d c un y by m ans f b k s and
e e t e o o tr e o oo

a p s l s s n t t p lac s wh a h a ing was

o t e e ou to e er e e r

li k ly b giv n a c m p any f R bins n s Chu ch had

e to e e , o o o o
’
r

gn o e f m L yd n und h l ad shi p f th i
ou t ro e e er t e
'

e er o e r

e ld William B ws t
e r, f und a h m in a w re e r, to o o e ne

land Th id a f mak ing a p lan ati n in A m ica

. e e o t o er ,

wh h S p a a is s c uld w k and w shi p in p ac

e re t e e r t t o or or e e,

had l ng b n n ain d W saw ha h plan

o ee e te r t e . e t t t e

o ccu d t F ancis J hns n and his f i ds as a ly as

rr e o r o o r en e r

1 59 7 O f h,t w v ss ls fi d tf h x p di i n
e o e e t te out or t e e e t o

which h j in d was app in d win

e o e h
,
on e o te to te r
”
on t e

A m ican sider f h A lan ic h lp h p j ct d

e o t e t t to e t e ro e e

s l m n B ha t s ang v n u land d J hns n

e tt e e t . ut t tr e e t re e o o

in h d A ms t dam N s l m n t was h n
t e en at er . o ett e e t e

mad y h p l n was b n in mind A f h d a h

e, et t e a or e . ter t e e t

o f J hns n (Janua y
o 6 8 ) a g dl y numb
o f h r ,
1 1 oo er o t e

m mb s f his Chu ch p pa d t g t V i ginia

e er o r re re o o o r

33 8
 G o o d Shi p M ay fl o wer
T he
und th l ad f th i ld F ancis B lac kw ll Th
er e e o e r e er, r e . e

e x p di ti n was g ssly mismanag d Th y w

e o ro v e . e e re o er

ro
“
c wd d I t is aid th was in all a hund d and
e . s e re re

e igh ty p s ns in h shi p as th y w p ac k d
er o t e so e e re e

t g th li k h ings ” 1
o e er e e rr .

I t was wa ds win t in t h y a 6 8 wh n th y
to r er e e r 1 1 e e

sail d f m G av s nd and it was t till Ma ch t ha t

e ro r e e ,
no r

t h y mad t h i hav n
e e Th y e rsh t f f sh wa te . e r an or o re -
er

an d suff d f m th flu x
ere
“ t ha t
ro h di d a “ e so t e re e
,

hund d and thi ty p s ns and an th in th shi p

re r er o on e o er e .
”

I t mus t h v b n a t a ibl x p i nc Y t n ws f
e ee e rr e e er e e . e e o

t his disas did t daun t th m mb s f R bins n s ’

ter no e e er o o o

Chu ch wh w al ad y p lanning t t ansp t t h m

r ,
o e re re o r or e

s lv s t th n th n c as t f V i ginia Th y p ush d
e e o e or er o o r . e e

on s t adily wi th h i g tiati ns f a cha t and

e t e r ne o o or r er

p p re a a t i ns
r f t h io v n u O
or b y t h man
e r
y e t re . ne one e

di fficul t i s in th i w y w su m un t d A t th las t
e e r a er e r o e . e ,

t h y had t l av
e th S p d w l l b hind
o e e S h was e ee e e . e n ot

in fit t im f th v yag B t th M yfl w w a h d
r or e o e. u e a o er e t e re

th c a s t ms d mad h landfall saf ly t Cap

e o e n or an e er e a e

C d o Wi th ma k abl t naci ty h plan s h ld

. re r e e t e ter e on

wi h th i p j c t un il t l ng h th c l ny f Plym u th
t e r ro e t a e t e o o o o ,

N w E ngland was fi ml y s t ablish d

e ,
r e e .

T h p ilg ims ca i d wi h t h m th p inci p l s f Chu ch

e r rr e t e e r e o r

g v nm n t g i l ly d awn t in t d ly f m f
o er e or na r ou o or er or or

t h i guidanc by J hn Smi th t Gainsb ugh and

e r e o a o ro

A ms t dam er Th y w m mb s f a Chu ch
. e ere e er o r c on

s ti tu t d by c v nan t Th y and t h i b th n in
e o e . e e r re re

L yd n w
e e s till Chu ch J hn R bins n was
e re on e r . o o o

s till th i p as t and in his abs nc th y did t v n tu

e r or , e e e no e re

t adminis th dina c s f th L d s Su pp and ’

o te r e or n e o e or er

1 Letter of R obert C ushm an in You ng ’

s Cfir on i el es , p .
70 .

339 Y 2
 Sm i t h , Hel w ys and B ap t is t Origin s
baptism which w ,ga d d as b l nging p culia ly te re re r e e o e r o

t h minis t ial and p s t al

e ffic
er Th y c uld h w a or o e. e o o
,

e v j y m tings f w shi p and p ais P aching

er , e n o ee or or r e . re

was t th ught f as a du ty s l l y incumb n t th

no o o o e e on e

minis t y I t was h ld that y Chu ch m mb having

r . e an r e er

a gif in this di c i n ugh t t x cis it f t h g d

t re t o o o e er e or e oo

o f th Chu ch e Wi h m f th s tam p f B ws t
r . t en o e o re er ,

B adf d and Winsl w in th s ci ty th p ilg ims w uld

r or o e o e e r o

no t suff f m y lac k f h l p ful p aching full f

er ro an o e re o

h m ly g d s ns and p act ical wisd m A f

o e oo e e r o . s or

ma iag s th S pa at is ts n v
rr e , ga d d th m as
e e r e er re r e e

Chu ch ac ti ns b t as civil c n t ac s Th i sid nc

r o u o r t . e r re e e

in H lland had c nfi m d th m in his c nvic ti n S

o o r e e t o o . o,

t h ugh t h i Chu ch lac k d t h s nc as '

o e r p f i r
p t e e re e e o ts or,

th was f l t t b
e re di ffi cul y in ma ying Th
e o e no t rr . e

ma iag was mad in d and p p f m b f th

rr e e ue ro er or e or e e

gv o in th p s nc f wi tn ss s
e r n or e re e e o e e .

Pl ym u th Plan tati was w ak in umb s and p

o on e n er oor

in s u c s and it p g ss was nly sl w S till it

re o r e s ro re o o .
,

had a fi h ic quali ty ab u t it which gav it d i ti

ne er o o e s nc

ti no I t d m ns t a t d in fac
. e f a o f t ubl s t ha t
r e e o s ea o ro e

i t was p ssibl f E nglishm n t ga n a liv lih d in

o e or e o i e oo

th e new land T h f t un s f t his li t l

. c l ny w e or e o t e o o e re

e ag ly watch d by th Pu i tans t h m I t was

er e e r a o e.

re oc gniz d that th p ilg ims w b ak ing th i f

e e r e re re e ce or

o th s A p lac
er . f fug f th s h a s d by th e o re e or o e ar s e e

bish p s acc un t f th i n nc nf mi ty was t b

o on o o e r o o or o e

d si d E n glishm n w
e re . n t i g u p n an acu t e ere e er n o e

s t uggl f c ns ti t u i nal lib ty Th high h p s wi th

r e or o t o er . e o e

which m w lc m d t h acc ssi n f Cha l s t th

en e o e e e o o r e o e

th n ro in 6 5 w s n dash d f it b cam cl a
e 1 2 ere oo e ,
or e e e r

t ha t h was as muche pp s d t g v nm n t b y m ans o o e o o er e e

34 0
 Smi t h Helw ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

e n ugh t
o s m f th c ns qu nc s t th Chu ch
o s ee o e o e o e e e o e r

in E ngland f m th s tt ing p f Ch ch s in a w ro e e u o ur e ne

w y a h f sid f th A tlan t ic f f m pisc pal

on t e ar e o e re e ro e o

c nt l Th w uld b
o ro . ac i n f m N w E gla d
er e o e a re - t o ro e n n

u p n ccl sias ical affai s in t h ld c n y Wh n

o e e t r e o ou tr . e

E dwa d Winsl w was v

r in E ngland th b sin ss
o o er on e u e

o f h C l t e y in 6 35 L aud
o on ac t uall y c mmi t d 1him t , o t e o

t h Fl e t p is n b caus h had us d his gif

ee r o f p ache e e e t o re

ing in th Chu ch t Plym u th and had ma i d s m

e r a o rr e o e

o f th s in h Plan tati n in vi tu f his ffic f

o e t e o r e o o e o

magis t a t r e.

Th Pu i an s t l s had l f E ngland wi th s m p
e r t e t er e t o e re

judic agains t th Chu ch f N w Plym u th acc un t

e e r o e o on o

o f i t l ani g t
s B wnism and S p a a ti n b t in th
e n o ro e r o ,
u e

e v n t h Chu ch s which th y h ms lv s t p f ll w d
e t e r e e t e e e se u o o e

much th sam lin s as that f th O ld C l ny

e e e o e o o .

R bins n w
o am p ly justifi d in his p p h cy tha h
o as e ro e t t e

Pu i tans w uld f m h i Chu ch s

r o h p a tt
ra n e
'

t e r r e on t e er

t ha h had f ll w d if th y v s cu d lib y
t e o o e e e er e re er t to
ere c h m A cl s acquai t anc wi h h Chu ch t
t t e . o er n e t t e r a

N w Pl y m u h and i
e l ading m mb s m v d h
o t ts e e er re o e t e

p judic
re s t ha t lu k d ein t h Pu i t an m i nd a g ains rt i t e e r .

T h c mm n n ds and da g s
e o o f th C l nis t s d w
ee n er o e o o re

t h m t g th J hn E ndic tt w t t William
e o e er . o o ro e o

B adf d in c dial t ms f m Sal m in 6 9 f

r or or er ro e 1 2 ,
a ter
D ac n Sa m u l Full had b n v f m Pl ym u th
e o e er ee o er ro o to

h l p th w c m s in a im f sic k n ss I ac k w
e e ne -
o er t e o e . no

e e
“
l dg m ys lf h s ys much b nd y f y u e
”
e a ou to ou or o r
, ,

k ind l v d ca o in s nding M F ll am ngs

e an re e r . u er o t u s,

and j ic much ha I am by him sa isfi d t uching

re o e t t t e o

y u
o judgm r n t f h t wa d f me f G d s wo shi t
p i e ou r or o o
’
or t

is as f as I can ga h
,
ar th han is wa an t d by t er , n o o er t rr e

3 42
 T he
Pu r i t an E x o dus
th e e vid nc f t u th and h s m which I hav p
e e o r ,
t e a e e ro

f ss d and main tai d v sinc th L d in m cy

e e ne e er e e or er

re v al d hi ms lf un t m b ing f f m th c mm n
e e e o e, e ar ro e o o

re p t ort ha t ha t h b n s p ad f y t uching t haeet re o ou o

p a t icula
r r.
” 1

O Jun
n 6 9 th e g d shi p G g a iv d
22, 1 2 , e oo eor e rr e

in Sal m ha b u b a ing pa t f that Pu i tan m

e r o r e r r o r co

p an y s n t v e t c l niz o t h Bery f Massachus

o tt s o o e e a o e .

Sh e was f ll w d v n days lat b y th T l o f

o o e se e er e a o ,

acc m p ani d by th L i
o e Wb lp f l s s t nnag e on s
’
e o e o e,

b t u
“ a n at and nimbl shi p Th ganiz s f t h
e e . e or er o e

e x p di ti n E ngland had b n ca ful s nd v

e o 111 ee re to e o er

minis t s t s v th c l nis ts A thu H ild sham

er o er e e o o . r r er

had b n c nsul t d as t h ch ic f sui t d f t h

ee o e o t e o e o on e e or e

w k and nd s d th s l c ti n f F ancis H iggins n

or ,
e or e e e e o o r o ,

t h n lab u ing in L ic s t
“
as l c u f Samu l t
”
or on e e
e o r ; e e er e re r ,

S k l t n ha ass d f his n nc nf mi ty in L inc lnshi

e o ,
r e or o o or o re ,

and al ady k n wn t G v n E ndic t was an th

re o o o er or o t, o er

F ancis B igh t was th thi d T h y w

r r dain d e r . e er e or e

l gy f th A nglican Chu ch b t th tw f m w
C er o e r ,
u e o or er e re

s t ngl y av s f m th c m ni s im p s d by au h i ty
ro er e ro e e re o e o e t or

in that Chu ch d had su ff d f t h i c nvic ti ns

r , an e re or e r o o .

B t h
u t w n t v in h s shi p s b sid s h Pu i tan
er e e o er t e e ,
e e t e r

p lan t s hi
er y fi , mt mb s f
rt h L y d -
n Chu vech and e er o t e e e r

t h i famili s
e r t h i w y t j in t h i f ll w m mb s
e on e r a o o e r e o e er

a t Pl y m u t h Tho was als a c tain R al p h Smi th a

. ere o er ,

minis f S p a a ist p inci p l s wh was g an d p

t er o e r t r e , o r te er

o
“
missi n t sail by th c m p any b f th y und
o e o e o re e er

s t d f his diff nc in judgm n t in s m things f m

oo o er e e e o e ro

t h i minis t s
e r er .

R al p h Smi th and th f i nds f m L yd n im p v d e r e ro e e ro e

1 Letter in Morton ’
s N ew E ng l a n d Memor i a l , su oa m zo 1 6 2 9 .

3 43
 Smi t h ,
H el wys
and B ap t i st Origins
th pp
e o t uni ty which
or t h v y ag af f d d f x p laining e o e or e o e

t h i id as f Chu ch p li t y t t h i P
e r e o i tan c m pani ns
r o o e r ur o o .

H iggins n and Smi t h w o t g th in h T l o f and ere o e er t e a o ,

w find t h m b t h a k ing p a t in a s p cial d y f fas

e e o t r e a o t
on t h v y ag e T h cl s c m p ani nshi p
o e . shi pb a d e o e o o on o r

w uld c un t f s m thing in th w y f s ft ning

o o or o e e a o o e

as p i ti s and m ving misund s tandings H w v

er e re o er . o e er

t ha t m y b wh n this c m p any f p lan t s had b n in

a e, e o o er ee

t h land ba l y a m n t h
e d was t ak n f s ting p
re o or er e or et u

a f m d Chu ch H iggins n and S k l t n did t

r e or e r . o e o no

e x cis h i mi is t y in h w c l ny in vi u f
er e t e r n r t e ne o o rt e o

th i e r e
p isc p al dina t i n
o T h ugh h y f
or wn d p n o . o t e ro e u o

s p a a i f m th Chu ch f E ngland th y w
e r t on ro e r o ,
e ere

s l d u p n s p a a ting f m it c u pti ns and cam

re o v e o e r ro s or r o , e

o v wi h a p f un d in t n ti n f p ac ising Chu ch
er t ro o e o o r t r

f mati n
r e or o .
”

I t was p cis l y h in th s ttling f a f m d

re e er e , e e o r e or e

c ng g ti n tha h influ nc f h Ply m ut h

o re a o ,
t t e e e o t e o

e x am pl mad i ts lf f l t Th fi s t s t p s in h w y
e e e e . e r e t e a

o f f m
re o r d sc ib d in a vivid l t f m Cha l s
are e r e e te r ro r e

G t t G v n B adf d dat d Sal m July 3 6 9

o t o o er or r or ,
e e ,
0, 1 2 .

G t and his wif had x p i nc d g at k indn ss f m

o t e e er e e re e ro

B adf d wh n t Pl ym u th H w i t s as
r or e a in o . e r e on e

sym p a thy wi h h p li y f h Pilg im Chu ch H t t e o t o t e r r . e

t lls h w G v n
e o E ndic tt o t a p a t th
er t h Jul y
or
“ f o se r e 20 or

a s l mn d y f humilia ti n f th ch ic f a p as t
o e a o o or e o e o or

and t ach e T h p s ns t h ugh t f f

er .
”
th s e ffic s er o o o or e e o e

w Higgins n and S k l n w h w d ma d d
e re
“ o e to o er e e n e
,

c nc ning th i callings ; th y ack n wl dg d th was

o er e r e o e e e re

a. t w f ld calling t h
o- o an inwa d calling w h n th , e on e r ,
e e

L d m v d th h a
or o f man t t a k tha t calling u p n
e e e rt o o e o

him and fi d him wi h gifts f h sam ; th s c nd

,
t te t or t e e e e o ,

3 44
 Smi th Hel w ys and B ap t is t Origin s
,

invalidat d th i minis t s s tanding A it h pp n d

e e r er
’
. s a e e ,

t h y had d f d th dinati n and full l c t i n f

e e er re e or o e e o o

r uling ld s and d ac ns f m July

e er
“ if it e o ro 20 to se e

lp as d G d t s nd m abl m v as f sh shi p s
e e o o e o re e en o er, re

t o reinf c th c l ny w daily x p c d ; h y had

or e e o o e re e e te t e

th f c n t n t d th ms lv s wi th n mina ting
e r e or e o e e e e e o on e or

tw f o th sor ffic s and t h n adj u n d t h busin ss

o e o e ,
e o r e e e .

Th w p in t as t t h
e ne igh t w y f c nst i tu ting th
o o e r a o o e

Chu ch having a is n in th m an t im an th s p cial

r r e e e e, o er e

d y ( A ugus 6
a 6 9 ) was a pp in t d t
t ,
all hings
1 2 o e o se t t
in d F ancis H iggins n d w p by qu s t a
or er . r o re u re e c on

f i
e ss on o f fai h and c v nan t which was wn d
t th o e ,
o e on e

app in t d d y by thi ty p s ns t wh m c p i s h d
o e a r er o ,
o o o e a

b n s pp li d Thus th fi s t Ch is tian Chu ch ac tuall y

ee u e . e r r r

c ns ti tu t d in N w E gl d was t p S k l t n and
o e e
'

n an se u . e o

Higgins n w dain d v again and th busin ss

o er e or e o er ,
e e

o f a p p in ing ando daining a uling ld and d ac ns

t or r e er e o

for h Chu ch was p c d d wi t h

t e r T his func i n r o ee e . o t t o

B adf d and h s f m Ply m u h Chu ch w

r or ot er ro o t r e re

invi t d b t th y c ming by w hind d by c ss

e ,
u e o s ea e re e re ro

winds ha t th y c uld t b th t th b ginni g f

t e o no e e re a e e n o

t h d y b t t h y cam in t t h ass mbl y af

e a ,
u e wa d d e o e e te r r an

gav th m h igh t hand f f ll wshi p wishing all p s

e e t e r o e o ,
ro

p i
er y and
t a bl ss d succ ss un s uch ge d b ginnings
e e to oo e .
”

F m th v y u ts t h f th Chu ch Plym u h
ro e er o e ,
t e re or e , e r at o t

h d Ch is i n f ll wshi p wi h th
a r t a Chu ch s f N w
e o t e r e o e

E ngland t p b y
1
, h Pu se i t an fug
u s and had a t e r re ee ,

vw x M H
The fol l o win g e tract is i ll um in ati n g r i ld ersa m d i d m u ch .

g r ie e hen h e u n d erst ood that the B rethre n in N ew E n gl an d d id d ep ar t

v v
from the P r esbyter ia n G o er n me n t , an d he s aid :
M H
‘
Thi s m ischi ef h ad
m
’
b een pr e en ted i f y l t i i s o s g o i n
g o v er h a d b e en

w
t ak e n ,
c o
vv
u n se a r gg n n

hic h w as that b r e thr en d ri en thi th er b y E pi s cop al p erse cu tion

sh ou l d a r e e u on the C h u r c h G o er n m en t be fo r e m they d e par t fro
.

g p
h en ce
’
. w w
An d i t i s m
e l l -k n o n that an y P r esbyt eri an n on -con for mi sts

346
 Gainsb o r o u gh C o v enan t A d op t ed
m a k d influ nc in d t mining t h i Chu ch p li ty
r e e e e er e r r o .

In this w y th w k f J hn Smi h and J hn R bins n

a e or o o t o o o ,

d s pis d and j c t d t h m was b a ing f ui t in h

e e re e e a o e, e r r t e

W s T his is c nfi m d by E dwa d W insl w in his

e t . o r e r o
“B i f N a a t i n f 6 6 in which h t lls h w h 1 t
r e e 4 rr o o , e e o e

Chu ch t Plym u th wh n c nsul t d by th w c m s

r a o e o e e ne -
o er

e ts
“
gav i wa an t f m th b k f G d f v y rr ro e oo o o
”
or e er

po in t in t h i p ac t ic W hich
e r b ing b y r h m w ll e. e t e e

w igh d and c nsid d th y als n t d in t c v nan t

e e o ere ,
e o e er e o o e

wi h G d and
t o an th t wal k in all his waysone o er o

re v l d as th y sh uld b mad k n wn un t th m and

ea e or e o e e o o e ,

to w shi p h m acc ding t his will v al d in his w i tt n

or i or o re e e r e

w o d nly t
r o H w hav th c v nan t f Smi th s
,
e c.
” 1
e re e e e o e o
’

Chu ch Gainsb ugh ad pt d in it ss n tial f a tu s

r at oro o e s e e e re

by th Pu i tan fug s in N w E ngland R g

e r re ee e . o er

Williams was w ll wi thin th ma k wh n h said f e e r e e o

o o
“
J hn C t t n f B s t n I am su M C tt n hath
o o o o
2
re r. o o
, ,

mad s m e f h s p inci p l s and a gum n t s

o e u se o t o e r e r e on

which M Smi h and th s w n t c nc ning th

r . t o er e o er e

c ns i tu ti n f th Ch is tian Chu ch
o t o o e r r .
”

T h m m y f J hn Smi t h s t aching and lif was

’
e e or o o e e

p s
re e r v d in N w
e E ngland b y t h s w h had
e c m p ani d o e o o e

wi th him in a li days I t is t unli k ly that R g

e r er .
3
no e o er

Williams th f und f h fi s t B ap tis t Chu ch in

,
e o er o t e r r

A m ica was influ nc d t h ugh t his chann l by J hn

er ,
e e ro e o

d id by a l e tter wv
N ew E n g l an d be ail s their d e p ar tin g i n prac ti ce
sen t u n to
w
fr om the way of C h ur ch G o ern m e n t w
as they h ea rd
( ) hi ch they o n ed
h er e .
p j w
”
E i stl e to th e u d i ci ou s read e r in l r en icu
m w
or a n E ssay to ar d s
a b r o th er l y p ea ce an d u n i on b et een those o f the C o n re at i on al an d
g g
P r esbyte ri an W a
y
”
L on d5 1 6 9
1 W w , .

i n sl o s N arrati on i n You ng s Cit r om el es , p 3 8 7

’
.

’ '

ch ap 9
M xm
r C otton s l e t ter e a
. w W m
in ed an d an s er ed by R og er
’
i ll ia s, 1 644 ,
. .

v
. .

3
I un d ers tan d b y s u ch as l i ed in those p ar ts at that ti me tha t S m i th
[ ]
v
c am e
”
W ay of Congr e a t i on al C/
H
l i ed i n Am s ter d am an d th er e di ed , an d at L eyd en i n vol l an d h e n e er
za r e/
’
C o t ton s
.
g zes , p 7 . .

3 47
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

Smi h s w k H had p bably h a d f Smi th i

t
’
or . e ro e r o n

L i c lnshi
n b f l aving f A m ica b t w h
o re e or e e or er ,
u no e

h d an
a
pp ni t y f oc nv sing wi
o rt ut h t h s w h h d
o o er o e o a

b n i timat ly ass ciat d wi h him and w w ll awa

ee n e o e t e re e re

o f his p ini ns Tho t w m os m t .m t hav hade o en ee o e o e

much in c mm n and in s m sp c s h y o o ,
a o e re e t t e r an

p a allrl c u s Williams
e o li k Smi th was a Camb idg
r e. ,
1
e ,
r e

man having b n ducat d t P mb k C ll g and

, ee e e a e ro e o e e

g ad a i g B A i 6 6 B f l aving E ngland h
r u t n . . n 1 2 . e or e e e

h d advanc d b y nd th p si t i n f th av ag Pu i an
a e e o e o o o e er e r t ,

and w uld hav abs lu t ly n thing t d wi h th B k

o e o e o o o t e oo

o f C mm n P a yo H was t h n a igid S p a a is t li k
o r er . e e r e r t ,
e

Smi th du ing his Gainsb ugh p i d H t b cam

r o ro er o . e oo e e

an x il acc un t f ligi n sailing wi th his wif f m

e e on o o re o ,
e ro

B is l D c mb
r to on 6 3 in t h Lie e und thater 1, 1 0 e on er

s t dfas t f i nd f th Ply m u th Pilg ims Cap tain

e r e o e o r ,

William Pi c A ft a s t m y passag h y t las t

er e . er or e, t e a

mad B s t n ha b u
e o F b ua y 5 6 3 H was
o r o r on e r r ,
1 1 . e

s n as k d t su pp ly th plac f
oo e o f h p as t s f e e o on e o t e or o

t h Chu ch
e B s n b t his Chu ch had t in his
r at o to , u t r no

judgm n t n unc d i c nn cti n wi h th Chu ch f

e re o e ts o e o t e r o

E ngland wi t h su ffici n t cl a n ss h p li d t ha t he did e r e e re e e

n ot
“da ffi i t t an uns p a a t d p p l
re o c a e Th o e r e eo e.
”
e re

was l ss ambigui ty a b u t th Chu ch in Sal m and h

e o e r e e

acc pt d invi tat i n t minis t t t ha t s ci ty f a

e e an o o er o o e or

t im e .

I all m n f iginali y th is an l m n f su p is
en o or t ere e e e t o r r e .

A in h cas
s f Smi t h
t e in h cas f Williams m
e o ,
so t e e o en

w s ta tl d and p pl x d by s m f th singula
e re r e er e e o e o e r

1
J
Conj ec tu r ed to b e th e son o f a mes Wi l l ia m s , m er chan t tayl or , of L on d on
an d hi s w i fe A l i ce E n tered P e m b r ok e C oll eg e , u n e 2 9, 1 6 2 3 Marr i ed J
el d es t d au h te r Ma r
.
.

Mary Warn ar d I n 1 6 2 9 chapl ai n to S i r Wm Ma sham , in E sse H is .

.

x .

g y b or n a t N e w P l ym ou th , 1 6 3 3 .

34 8
 S mi t h Hel w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
,

’ “
Smi t h s p ini ns al th ugh I k n w him t h says
O o o
1
e no e
, , ,

and hav h a d f many p in ts in which my c nsci nc

e e r o o o e e

t lls m i p l as d t h L d t l av him t hims lf y t

e e t e e e or o e e o e e

I hav als h a d by s m wh s t s tim ny M C t n

e o e r o e o e e o r . ot o

will t asily fus t hat h was a man f a i g G d

no e re e, e e r n o .
”

A t Pl y m u h w t ld t ha t R g
o t Williams was e a re o o er

w ll acc p d as an assis tan t in th minis t y t M

e e te e r o r .

R al p h Smi th t h n p as t f t h chu ch h
, e b t by or o e r t e re , u

d g s v n ing f div s f his w singula p ini ns

e re e e t o er o o n r o o

and s k ing t im p s th m u p n h s h
ee o finding o e e o ot er e, n ot

such a c ncu nc as h x p c t d d si d his dismissi n

o rr e e e e e e ,
e re o

t t h chu ch f Sal m B adf d t lls us h l f th ”

o e r o e . r or e e e t e

f i ds t Plym u th s m thing ab u p t ly B ing w ll

r en a o o e r .
”
e e

c iv d by his ld ass ciat s t Sal m and having an

re e e O o e a e

o pp t uni
or y f us f l stvic am ng
ort h m h a pp li d t
e u er e o e , e e o

t h Chu ch t Pl y m u th in which h s t
e r a d as a m mb o e oo e er

for dismissi n th chu ch t Sal m Th w s m

o to e r a e .
”
er e e re o e

unwilling t g an t t his qu s t Th was an ngaging

o r re e . e re e

and att ac tiv l m n t in Wil l i m cha ac t which

r e e e e a s s
’
r er

d w m t him and th s wh had b c m attach d

re en o ,
o e o e o e e

t him did
o t wan t t l s him f m t h i
no f ll wshi p o o e ro e r e o .

B t B ws t
u wi th his l ng x p i nc f m and aff i s
re er o e er e e o en a r

saw in him a simila i ty f dis p si ti n t his ld acquain t r o o o o o

anc J hn Smi th and c gniz d that h had mba k d

e o , re o e e e r e

on t h sam e c u s f inqui y which had l d Smi th t

e o r e o r e o

re n unc infan t baptism and ad pt th p inci pl s f full

o e o e r e o

re ligi us lib ty I da y h t ld him and this

o er . re sa e o so

w uld mak Williams all th m ag t und s tand

o e e or e e er o er

e x ac tly wha t J hn Smi th s p ini ns w o

’
O o er e .

Th c u s e f v n t s is t hus d t ail d
o r e o
“T h ugh t he e e e . ro e

M
1
r.
Tae B l oody Tm
Cottonx m
H
’
W
l etter e a i n ed
s b y R oger i l l i am s, 1 64 4 . S ee
en t o f P er secu tion . a n s Kn ol l s S oc i e ty,
.
y p 39 1 . .

350
 W illiam Br ew s t er s A d vic e ’

p ud
r n t c unsel f M B ws t t
o h uling ld et h o r . re e r, e r e er er e ,

f a ing tha t his c n tinuanc am ngs t th m migh t caus

e r o e o e e

divisi ns and th b ing many abl m in th B y

o e re e er en e a

t h y w uld b tt d al wi h him han t h ms lv s c uld

e o e er e t t e e e o ,

and f s ing wha h p f ss d h f a d c c ning

or e e e t e ro e e e e re on er

M Williams which af wa ds cam t p ass ha h

r . te r r e o , t t e

w uldo h sam c u s f igid s pa a i n and

run t e e o r e o r e r t o

anabapt is y which M J hn Smi h th bap is t

tr r . o t e se- t t a

A ms dam had d n h chu ch t Plym u h c ns n t d

te r o e, t e r a o t o e e

to his dismissi n and such as did adh t him w o ere o er e

als dismiss d and m v d wi h him

o e l g af
,
re o e t ,
or n o t on te r ,
t Sal m T h w h s t h f
o e .
”
dvtd e re e re t o e e r e o re s o e o e to
him tha th y w p p a d t f ll w him in d t
t e ere re re o o o or er o

e nj y his minis y and s ci y Samu l S k l n p as t

o tr o et . e e to , or

o f Sal m di d A ugus t
e 6 3 4 and t h Chu ch sh t l y
,
e on 2, 1 , e r or

af call d Willi ams t ffi c and p c d d

te r e dain o o e r o ee e to or

him in s p i f a qu s f m h p ud n t magis at s
te o re e t ro t e r e tr e

f h Massachus tt s ju isdic t i n hat th y sh uld t ”

o t e e r o t e o no

do s o.

Di ff nc s s n a s b tw him d h m agis
e re e oo ro e e een an t e

a s H s p k c n t m p tu usl f th K ing s P n
t r te . e o e o e o y o e
’
ate t
b y which h B y C l nis s claim d igh t h c un y
t e a o o t e r t o t e o tr
H a gu d ha K i g Cha l s had
e r e igh t g an lands
t t n r e no r to r t
which b l ng d h I ndians and ha i was f b t
e o e to t e ,
t t t ar e ter
to b ain th m by di c a y and pu chas wi h u t
o t e re t t re t r e t o
suing th C wn H s p k s t ngly f an abs lu t
to e ro . e o e ro or o e

s p a a i n f m th Chu ch f E ngland H augh t

e r t o ro e r o . e t
“t ha h sh uld b a g n al and unlimi t d t l at i n
t t e re o e e er e o er o

o f all ligi ns and f re y m b p unish

o d f y
or an an to e e or a n

ma t s f his c nsci nc was p s cu i n Th s and

t er o o e e er e t o .
”
e e

ot h p in s in his t aching ala m d h minis s and

er o t e r e t e te r
magis a t s f h B y C l n y Th y w as y t
tr e o t e a o o . e e re e

3 51
 Smi t h H elw ys an d B ap t is t Origins
,

wh lly unp pa d f a full ligi us t l at i n J hn

o re re or re o o er o . o

C tt n was amaz d tha y

o o sh uld y t h civil e t an on e o sa e

m agis t a t gh t t t in t f in a w y f civil
r e ou no o e r er e a o

jus ic wi th Chu ch s which f ll in t a ianism pap ism

t e r e e o r ,
,

familism th h si s Th c l nial c u t ac d
or o er ere e .
”
e o o o r cor

i g l y p n unc d s n t nc
n ro f banishm n t agains t
o e e e e o e

Williams ( O ct b 9 T his c u s was t ak n as

o er ,
o r e e

an t f s lf p t c ti n Williams t nc wi hd w
ac o e ro e o . a o e t re

f m all c mmuni n wi th th Chu ch s in th B y and

ro o o e r e e a

b ga t mak p p a ati ns f a w s ttl m n t which

e n o e re r o or ne e e e

h had l ng had in mind wh

e o full ligi us lib ty sh ld e re re o er ou

b all w d
e o M anwhil h h ld ligi us m tings wi th
e . e e e e re o ee

his f i nds and p a tisans t his w h us

r e th L d s
r a o n o e on e or
’

days in p ivat T h au th i t i s h a d f his d i gs

r e .
”
.
e or e e r o o n

and th C u t t B s t n Janua y
e o r a 6 36 d d o o , on r 1 1, 1 ,
or e re

his imm diat d p ta i n t E ngland a v ss l th n

e e e or t o o on e e e

p p re a ing t rsail W illiams g t owind f t his

. d and o o or er ,

ac ting a f i ndly hin t f m G v n W in h p qui tly

on r e ro o er or t ro ,
e

sli pp d away and s t d his c u s f N a agans tt

e
]

e ere o r e or rr e

B y a A ft . s m wand ings and an ab tiv a tt m p t

er o e er or e e

a t p lan t ing in S k nk t h Paw t uc k t R iv ee which h

o on e e e r, e

had t giv p b caus h had t h fall n in t th “ e e ere e o e

o e u e

e dg f th b unds f Plym u th c l n y h pi tch d

e
”
o e o o o o o ,
e e

n a th m u th f th M h k Riv wh h f und d
e r e o o e o assu c er ere e o e

t h t e wn f Po vid nc H o h b ugh
ro t land f e m h e. ere e o ro t e

I ndians H h main t ain d a p lac

. ere f fug f th
e e e o re e or e

p s
er ecu t d H h t
e .
p a civil s t a t
e re in which full
“
e se u e

f d m was all w d t all in th things f G d I

r ee o o e o e o o .

re
“
d si d h says i t migh t b f a sh l t f p s ns
”
e e or e er or er o
e ,

dis ss d f c nsci nc
tre e or o e e .

s
It p k a s w ll f Williams
e t ha t h was
e f ll w d t
or e o o e o

1 W m x
A s to R og er il lia s, by D e ter , B oston , 1 8 76 , p . 1 44 .

3 52
 Smi t h H el w ys and B ap t is t Origins
,

ba p ism and th f t h i las t baptism was a nulli ty

t ,
e re o r e e r ,

as w ll as t h i fi s t and th f th y mus t l y d wn
e e r r , er e o r e e a o

all and wai t f th c ming f w a p s tl s ; and

,
or e o o ne o e so

t h y diss lv d t h ms lv s and t u n d S
e o e k s k p ing
e e e r e ee er , ee

t ha t p inci
on e
p l t ha t vr y sh uld hav
e, lib ty t e er on e o e er o

w shi p G d acc ding t th ligh t f th i w

or o or o e o e r o n

c nsci nc s b t th wis t wning y chu ch s

o e e u o er e no o an r e or

or dinanc s f G d anywh u p n a h
e o o e re o e rt .
” 1

I Jun n 6 4 3 Williams visi t d E ngland t t h

e, 1 , qu s t e a e re e

o f th p p l e f R h d I sland and P vid nc t

eo e o o b tain
e ro e e o o

a cha t H succ d d in this bj c t and s cu d a

r er . e ee e o e ,
e re

cha t wi th wid p w s
r er Ma ch 4 644 f th
e o er on r 1 , 1 ,
or e
“P vid nc ro P l an tati ns in th N a agans tt B y
e e o e rr e a .
”

Und this h t er
“ d m c atical ivil g v nm n t
c a r er a e o r
”
C o er e

was t p by th c l nists and ligi us lib ty s cu d

se u e o o re o er e re .

T his w s tat p sp
ne d und th wis and t l an
e ro e re er e e o er t
di c ti n f Williams H i cha ac t i p n d wi th th
re o o . s r er r e e e

y a
e s andr h ,
succ d d in winning
e t h s p c
eet and e e re e

e s t m f f m an tag nis ts A t l ng th h G n al
ee o or er o . e t e e er

C u t f B s n v k d th s n t nc f banishm n t
o r o o to re o e e e e e o e

re
“
and m v d th s n t nc f s t ain t which had
o e e e e e o re r
”

d ba d him f mt ading in th B y C l ny f ma y
e rr e ro r e a o o or n

y ea s r .

Wh n Willi ms cam v t E ngland in 644 h

e a e o er o 1 e

s ugh t t th f i nds f J hn Mu n and T h mas

o ou e r e o o r to o

H l wy e L i k s k s li k
s . Wh n h visi t d th h m
e ee e . e e e e o e

land s c nd t im a e c l nial busin ss la t in 6 5

o e on o o e ,
e 1 1,

Williams mad a l ng stay and t his casi n als e o er ,

on oc o o

s ugh t t m
o f k ind d mind such as T h mas
ou en o re ,
o

H a is n J hn Mil t n and H n y L aw nc
rr o ,
o N o did e r re e . or

h ha b u
e y rbi tt o f lings
r an agains t H ugh P t ers f ee e er or

1
N ew E ng l an d
’
s Memor i a l , su b ar mo 1 6 2 9 .

3 54
 C o v enan t o r B ap t ism
th e x c mm nica ti n laid him b y Sal m Chu ch
e o u o on e r .

H f qu n tl y w n t d wn t L amb t h t visi t t ha t
e re e e o o e o

t nchan t p li t ical p ach

re owh w h ld a f rem st er o no e or e o

p lac i t
e h C uncils
n f h
e S t a t
o T h s m w uld o t e e. e e en o

t al k t g t h o f t h p inci p l s f
e er o ligi us lib ty and
e r e o re o er ,
so

t h l av n s p ad and w
e e e k d am ng an v
re inc asing or e o e er re

numb f E nglish s p ak ing p pl

er o R t u ning t
-
e eo e . e r o

P vid nc in th summ f 6 54 Williams c n t inu d

ro e e e er o 1 ,
o e

in th c l n y t ill his d a th t a g d l d g in 6 8 3
e o o e a oo o a e 1 .

H was bu i d in a s p t f his w ch sing

e r e t f o o o n oo no ar

f m wh h fi s t land d
ro e re e r e .

I t is cl a ha t t f th l d S p a a t is t m v m n t f
e r t ou o e o e r o e e o

t h t im
e f E lizab t h and Jam s t h
e o had issu d tw
e e ere e o

m ain s t ams f ligi us ac tivi y which w fl w d

re o re o t no o e on

in diff n t chann ls O there hand w h e . n e on e ere t e

Chu ch s which c ns t i tu t d t h ms lv s by m ans f a

r e o e e e e e o

v lun a y c v nan t
o t r th o th e hand w th s ,
on e o er er e o e

which ga d d ba p ism c f ssi n f fai h as th

re r e t on on e o o t e

m ans f c ns ti u ting a t u Chu ch and th w y f

e or o t r e r e a or

admissi n t it f ll wshi p Th s tw typ s w

o o s e o w . e e o e ere n o

re p s n d
re e b h sid
te s f on h A t lan ic
ot I t h e o t e t . n e

or igin f b h J hn Smi th t di ff n t s tag s in his

o ot o ,
a ere e

ca h d t ak
re e r ,
pa min n p a t enand his awas t ro e t r ,
t no

e n i l y f g n W find au th w h w i ting f
t re or o tt e . e on e or en r o

I d p nd nc y calling Smi t h
n e e e
“ th g a t l ad in this e re e er

ne w w y H had d n p i n
a .
” 1
w k in t h caus
e o e o eer or e e 01

Chu ch f m acc ding t th I nd p nd n t m d l and

r r e or or o e e e e o e ,

th n e
“ t u n d A naba p is t r e Th s th w ds f t .
”
o e ar e e or o

T h mas L amb w h fi s t cam in t p min nc th ugh

o e, o r e o ro e e ro

p aching
re a S p a a t is t ctong ga t i n in e his na t iv r o re o e

1
Lam b e, F r eslz S u i te ag a i n st I n d e en d en cy ,
F
p
o r T h os L a m b e , see the ar ti c l e i n t
v 3 7, qu oted b y E an s , i .
,

p. 2 1 9 . . e D icti on ar y f
o N a ti on a l
B iog r ap hy , by R e v A G or d on . . .

3 55
 Smi t h H elw ys and B ap t i st Origins
,

C lch s wh h w uld b in a p si ti n g fi t
o e te r, ere e o e o o to et rs

hand inf ma ti n as t Smi h f m h s wh had

or o o t ro t o e o

k n wn him
o .

Th was a cl s in t ac i n b tw n h N w
er e o e er t o e ee t e e

E ngland Chu ch s and t h m adva c d Pu i ta s in

r e e ore n e r n

O l d E ngland in h m iddl d cad s f th s v n t e h e e e o e e e t e en t

c n tu y Th Pu i ans t h m w su p is d t find
e r . e r t a o e e re r r e o

h w cl s l y h m i is t s
o o e f N w E ngland a p p ach d
t e n er o e ro e

th e p si t i ns o a k n p ob y J h R bins
t n e d J hn u o n o o an o

Smi th T h p s t s and ach s in N w E ngl nd

. e a or te er e a

w e r e res ic d h i w Chu ch s f h p f m
tr te to t e r o n r e or t e er o r

anc f such minis t ial ac ts as c l b ating th L d s

e o er e e r e or
’

S u pp and ba ptism th ugh th y w all w d p ach

er ,
o e e re o e to re

in th o ligi u s ci ti s than th i w sinc

er re o s o e e e r o n, e

p reaching was t ga d d as p li nol y minis t

reia l r e a
'

ecu ar er

du y T his was th p si i n f h S pa a tis s O

t . e o t o o t e e r t . ur

o l d f i nd
“
r e Mas B na d s n t v t h m inis s te r er r e o er o t e ter
in A m ica s m c i ticisms h i p ac ic f qui ing
er o e r on t e r r t e o re r

l l Chu ch m emb s gag in a c v n n ”

a r er d h to en e o e a t, an t e

E ld s in N w E gland f und a cham p i n f h i ”

er e n o o or t e r

ca s in R icha d Math ( 596— 6 69 ) mi is t f

u e r er 1 1 n er o

D ch st N w E n gland wh s n t bac k t B na d in
or e er, e ,
o e o er r

6 39 an A p l gi f Chu ch C v nan I h n x t ”
1 o o e or r o e t . n t e e

a Ma h li dt b half f h “ E ld s f h on e o t e er t e
y e r p er re e o

l l Chu ch s in N w E ngland
s e v e ra r t w and hi ty
e e to o- -
t r

e ti o
“
qu s ns s n t v by div s minist s in E ngland t
e o er er er o

d cla h i judgm n ts ab u t Chu ch G v nm n t

re t e r
“ e o r o er e
e

and Chu ch C v nan t Wh n H ugh P s c m

r o e .
”
e e t er a e

bac k t E ngl nd f m S l m h p t h s t is s by
o a ro a e e u t e e reat e

M h at t h p ss
er to T h f u th qu s t i n in his s i s
e re .
1
e o r e o t er e

1
Chu r ch Gov er n men t an d Cb u r cb Cov en an t d i scu ssed , etc .
, 1 64 3 ,

pp . 1 -8 4 a n d 1 78 -
.

356
 S mi t h , H el w ys and B ap t is t Or igins
o b di nc t his g aci us disci p lin Thus th
e e e o r o e . e re

s p ang in t b ing th t w g at s c i s f th Ch is ian

r o e e o re e t on o e r t
Chu ch k n wn as th C ng gati nalis ts and th
r o e o re o e

B a pt is ts F m small b ginnings th y hav g wn in

. ro e e e ro

numb s and influ nc T h y hav d n a wh l s m

er e e . e e o e o e o e

and h l p ful w k in Ch is t nd m
e or r e o .

I f t h f und s f t h s Chu ch s w
e o t
er abs lu t in
o o e r e e re oo o e

t h i judgm n t s and t
e r c ain that t h y had in t h i
e oo ert e e r

g p i
r all t h t u t h f G d t ha
e t was arfaul t f t h i
o g o ,
o e r a e.

M en of s t ng c nvic t i n ros lu t m w n d d t o o , re o e en , e re ee e o

shak ff h l ad f f mali y und which th Ch is tian

e o t e o o or t er e r

fai th had in c u s f t im b n bu d n d Th o r e o e ee r e e . e

e vid n t sinc i ty f th s m th i l yal ty t c nvic ti n

e er o e e en, e r o o o o ,

t h i p i y h i quic k calls c nsci nc ’

e r et
p , t t
t h e r f res o n se o e o o e e,

t h i p assi n f
e r ight usn ss and th i m al f v u
o or r eo e e r or er o r,

c mm nd th m t h l ving ga d f th i succ ss s
o e e o t e o re r o e r e or

T h y mus t b judg d b y t h s t anda d f h t im s

e e e e r o t e e in

which h y liv d d wi h f nc t h ci cums anc s

t e e an t re e r e e o t e r t e

in which th y w p lac d T h y c n t ibu t d t a e e re e . e o r e no

li ttl t th d v l pm n t f b th th civi l and ligi us

e o e e e o e o o e re o

lif f h E ngli h s p a k ing p pl T h i id as in

e o t e s -
e eo e. e r e

many di c t i ns w f ui t ful f b n ficial sul ts t h

re o e re r o e e re o t e

wh l b dy p li t ic wh n mb di d in p act ical l g islat i n

o e o o e e o e r e o .

S m f th i t s and p ac tic s f which th s

o e o e r e r e or e e

ip n s c n t nd d as ss n tial
o ee r o w s n t
e eb e e ar e no ee o e

re la iv l y unim p n t Th tw g at Chu ch s which

t e or t a . e o re r e

h n u h m as sha p s f th i a ly his t y s adi ly

o o r t e er o e r e r or a re te

d awing cl s t g h all wing th p a icula

r o er o et e r, o to e rt r

C hu ch s in ach s c t i n a wid lib ty in d ing h i

r e e e o e er or er t e r

o w a ffai s
n T his d s r t m an ha t h w k f t h s
. oe no e t t e or o o e

ip n s was lab u l s t I t m ans tha m hav

o e er o r o . e t en e

m v d t a diff n t tag in th his y f ligi us

o e on o er e s e e to r o re o

358
 F r e sh O u t l o o k A
t h ugh t wh nc t h
o ,
u tl k is f m xt nsiv t han
e e e o oo ar ore e e e

in th s v n t n th c n t u y and wh matt s lat ing

e e e ee e r ,
e re er re

to Chu ch d r s n in a diff n t p s p c t iv
or er a re ee e re er e e .

N w p bl ms c nc ning t h a p p lica i n
e ro e o f Ch is ian
er e t o o r t

p inci
r p l s t t h s
e cial li f f
o man e ising in o vi w e o ar e r to e ,

ne w chann ls f th w k ing f ligi us f c s

e or e or o re o or e ar e

b ing p n d p B t th p s n t sp ings t f h
e o e e u . u e re e r ou o t e

p as t Th
. w k f e g s t s u
orp n all haot has b n
on e a e re o t ee

acc m plish d in p c ding tim s F m a c n t m p la

o e re e e . ro o e

t i n f t h p as t h a t and h p
o o e m y b d awn f
,
e rth o e a e r or e

w k f t d y Th A naba pt is t visi na y p in t d t a
or o o- a . e o r o e o

b tt s cial d f th c mm n man T h tas k f

e er o or er or e o o . e o

giving ac tuali ty t that visi n in th s days abs bs th o o e e or e

re ligi us n gi s f many f th fin st minds am ngs t

o e er e o o e e o

us T h ugh
. ou tl k is d ifl t f m that f th
ou r o oo e re n ro o e

e a ly S pa atis ts w n th l ss h n u th m m y
r e r ,
e no e e e o o r e e or

o f such m as J hn Smi th and J hn R bins n T h mas

en o o o o ,
o

H l wy and R icha d Clift n J hn Mu t n and R g

e s r o ,
o r o o er

W illiams Th y w m f visi n I s m s p c ts
. e er e en o o . n o e re e

t h i visi n was na
e r ow b t it was in t ns and c m p l rr o ,
u e e o e

ling Acc ding t th m asu f ligh t t hat was giv n

. or o e e re o e

t th m th y w
o e valian t w k s f th K ingd m f
e ere or er or e o o

G od .

3 59
 I n d ex
C l ap h am E n och or Hen och 11 8, w i l l o f, 1 1 1 G e off r ey, 1 09 , 2 8 1 ,
1 4 7. 2 59
,

C l i fton
,
,

3 3 5 .
n ote

R 1c h ar d , 1 3
1 4 8 ; d e fen d s
,

, 94, 1 1 4,
i n fa n t b ap ti sm , 1 51
C ol c h es ter , 2 99 , 3 1 0
C ol l egi an ten 1 6 2
C on fes si on o f F a i th 2 00 , 2 4 1 seq
C on g r eg ati on al i s ts , 1 1 , 3 58
J
C ot ton . oh n , 9 5 . 2 3 7. 3 0 7, 3 4 7
v
2 8 9 ; G er as e , 1 1 3 , 2 8 1 ; oan
R i c h ar d , 1 0 8 ;
J
R ober t, 1 0 8 ; W i l l i a m , 1 09
H el w ys , T h om as , 79 ; p ar e n tage ,
, 1 12 s e p ar a te s fr om th e C h u r c h ,
1 16 ; b e com es a B ap ti st , 1 4 6 ;
, , .

p ar ts f r om S m i t h , 1 9 ;
7
M en n on i te s , 1 8 9 i s s u es a D e
ar n s w
v
C o en tr y 69 , 72 , 73 , n ote ,

fr o m B r o n i s ts , 2 0 7
”
c l ar a ti on o f F ai th , 2 0 4
w d i ffe r s
e r b al v
d ep en d en c e on S mi th , 2 1 6 ;
D AL BY
, R ev Wm M A , 52 d i s c u s se s su cc es si on 229
D e c l ar ati on
.

of F a i th , b y H el w ys ,
. .

w
a n s e r e d b y S m i th , 2 6 1 d ed i
,

2 12 c ati on to Ki n g , 2 77 ; r e tu r n s to
D i sc ip l i n e , 9 6 E n gl an d , 2 8 1 o n b i sh o p s , 2 8 3
D or t S yn od of,
w ,

J
233 , 316
J
c on tr o e r s y v i th w
R ob i n s on ,
D re , os ep h , 2 75 , 3 3 6 ; oh n , 2 8 5 ; p l e ad s for l i b er ty o f c on
s c i en ce , 2 9 4 ; 3 57
H i gg i n s on F ra n c i s , 3 4 3 3 4 6 note
, , ,

H i l d e r s h a m Ar th u r , — 8 , 73 ,
EL DR w E p o er of , 1 3 5, sea ,
S , al l o f 3 4 6 n ote
,
,

x
o n e r an k , 1 4 1 Hodg ki n , Al e an d er , 1 8 7, 2 9 7,
E h z a b e th
Q u e en , 1 4 , 1 5 3 3 6 ; an e 2 9 8 J
w JH
l es see e l w ys
,

H ol l i m an , E z e ki el , 3 53
,

J
.
,

n d i c o tt oh n 3 4 2 H u n ter , oseph , 1 2 , 1 6 7, 1 73 , n ote

x m ,

E co m u n i cati on , 9 6 , 2 53
,

I N C A R N AT I O N , d oc tr i n e o f, 1 77,
M wY v
F A I L o f l o e , 1 57 , 3 2 2
F e e t as h i n g c er e m on y of , 2 53 ,
1 79 , 2 1 4 , 330
I m m e r s i o n i n t r od u c e d 1 6 1
w
-

J
, ,

2 89 I r e ton , oh n , r ec tor of Keg or th ,

F en n e r , D u dl ey , 3 3 , 2 60 67
F o x G e or g e 1 9 8 2 9 5
, , ,

F r an k for t r e l i g 1 ou s r efu g ees at , 1 8

F r ee w
il l 2 2 4 2 33 3 1 2
,
,

F u l l er , S am u el , 1 72 , 3 4 2
, ,
J
J
AC O B ,
HE N R 89, 1 61
a m es S tu ar t Ki n g 64 , 2 77
Y ,

J , ,

ep son , W m , 2 9 8 n ote
J
.
,

e s s e y , H en r y , 1 6 1
B
G AI N S O R O G H , 6 3 , 8 2 , 9 6 2 9 7 U , J e s so p , E d m u n d a ttac k s B ap ti s ts ,
,

G e r r i tt s , L u b b e r t , 1 8 8 1 9 3 3 2 0 ; T h om as 1 1 6
J
, ,

G o tt C h ar l e s 3 44
, , oh n s on , F r an c i s , 2 5, tu tor o f
G r an th am T h o m as 1 6 6 , 3 1 0 note S mi th 3 0 ; se r m on b y , 3 1
J
, , , ,

G r e e n w o o d , oh n , b e c o m es a S ep ar a ti s t , 3 3 m ar
G r i n d al , S i th i n , 2 72 3w r i ag e
k
34 ;
,

f i
v
oyag e t o A m er 1 c a ,
H l l nd,
3 8 ; t a e s r e u g e n o a

4 1 ; o p p ose s S m i th , 1 6 0 ; d e
J
H AL L , O S E H , 2 8 , 1 1 8 P , 1 56 m e an ou r of , 2 35 ; o p p ose s
H am er ton , N i c h ol as 11 5 W il An ab a p ti s ts 3 0 9 ; d eath , 3 3 8
J
, ,

l iam , 1 69 oh n s on , G eor g e , p r i s on e r i n t h e
H el wys , An n e , 1 12 E d mu n d , 1 10 ; F l e et , 3 4 ; hi s r ash n es s 3 8 ; ,

3 62
 I nd ex
d escr i be s oyag e , 3 9 ; v
cr osse s P I G G O TT Th os , 1 8 7, 2 4 0
J
, .

t o Ams te r d a m , 4 1 F en t y oh n 2 5 3 5

J J
, , ,

opp e , am es , l e tte r of, 3 3 5 P e t er s H u g h 3 53 — 4 , 3 56

, ,

P e r k in s , W m 2 9 4 4 , 8 2 2 09 .
, , ,

P i l gr i m F ath er s C h u r ch of , 1 2 ,
KA
Kn o
MxP JEN, 35 3 8 . 8 1 . 1 7I , 3 4 7
,

, oh n , 2 2 5 , 2 93 P l ym ou th , N ew E n g l an d 3 4 0 ,

r eac ti on on P u r i t an s , 3 4 4

L ATH R O , O H N 90 PJ
L au d W m , 3 3 6 , 3 4 1
,
P r op h esyin g s , 2 0
P uri tan s , 1 9 opp os e s ep ar at i on ,
,

L aym en m ay b ap ti ze , 3 0 5
.

2 2 ; a p p e al t o a me s , 6 4 ; th eir J
w
Leeu ar d en 1 9 2 , 1 9 5
i d eal , 66

L e g ate , B ar th ol ome , 2 99
,

w
L ei c es ter 3 4 3 ,
RE E D MP T I O N g en er al 2 2 3
R el i g i ou s l ibe r ty , 2 90 —2 9 6
, ,
L ei g h C har l e s 3 7, 4 0
, ,

Le yd en . 1 6 2 , 3 3 8 . 3 4 3 . 3 4 5
R i es H an s d e , 1 9 2 , 1 94 , 2 2 7, 2 72 ,
Li n col n 4 7 , 6 2 , 3 3 6
J
,
2 74 . 33 I
L oc k e oh n , 2 9 2
,
R ob in s on , oh n 7 9 J a t t i tu d e
L u d d in g ton , Th os , 4 6 , 52 .
w
t o ar d s An g l i c an s , 96 ; b eg i n
,

n in g of his C h u rch 8 4 e l ec ti on ,

a s p a s tor , 9 7 ; a t L e yd e n
M 141
A G i s r R AC Y , 2 1 8 , 2 55,
M ar r i ag e 2 4 2 2 55 3 4 0
335
, , ,
c r i ti c i ses S m i th
fl 237 ; j u s ti es
i g h t 2 8 0 ; d e fen d s An g l i c an
,
,

fi
M ath er R i c h ar d 3 56 ,

flw
M ay o er 3 0 2 3 3 9
Men n on i tes 1 72
,

tr eat
, ,
,

w i th
b ap ti s m , 2 8 6 ; op p ose s An ab a p
ti s t s , 314 p ar e n t a g e 317 ,

r of P i l gr i m C h u r ch 3 39
,
p a s t o
E n g l i sh , 1 86 th eir S hor t Con
.

;
,

ad mi t S mi th s
’

f essi on 1 89
w
fo l l o e r s , 2 7 1
M i dd el b u r g 3 3
,

1 48
S A C R AME N r S , 1 6 ; n ot '
e sse n ti al ,
, ,
1 9 8 ; n a tu r e o f , 2 5 3
Mor e , S i r T h os 2 91
J
.
,

M u r t on an e , 2 9 7 —9 S c r o ob y , 1 3 , 8 2 , 9 3 9 8 , ,

J
,

M u rt on i n H oll an d
oh n 84 ; 3 45
S e b ap ti st or i g i n of th e t er m , 1 55
, ,

an d L on d o n i mp r i s on e d ,
-

, 281 ,

S ep a r a t i o n d a t e o f 8 1
281 m arr i ag e
a c ti v i ty , 3 0 3 ;
2 97
Vi e
l i t er ary
as t o t h e
,

wv
,

S e p a r ati s t C o en an t 8 5 ; m an i v ,

B i b l e , 3 0 7 ; c on tr o e r sy
R ob i n s o n
i th w f e s to 1 73
vv ,

S er i c e , O r d e r of, 1 7 1 , 1 74
31 1 b ap ti zed b y
S er e tu s M i c h ae l , 2 9 3 , 3 0 8
,

S m i th , 3 2 5 ,

S h effie l d E d m u n d , 53,

S i n g i n g i n c h u r c h 1 74
D
N AA R E N , 3 6 S k e l ton S am u e l , 3 4 3
,

S oc i n u s F an stu s 1 6 3
,

N au n t o n S i r R ob er t , 3 09
vw
N e i l e G er ase 9 4 , 2 3 1
,

N e h ou se , T h os , 4 4
,

v ,
S mi th , F r an c i s 3 1 0
S mi th oh n J
i m p or tan ce o f h i s
,
,

w
.
. ,

or k 1 2 ; a t C a mb r i d g e , 2 8 ;

O AT H S l a fu l 2 1 9 3 3 5 w
,

e l ec t e d F e l l o , 4 2 ; or d ain e d , w
4 3 ; a P u r i tan 4 5 ; l ec tu r er a t
,

O fi cer s of t h e C h u r ch , 1 0 3
O r d er s An g l i c an r en ou n c ed , 4 3 ,
, ,

L i n co l n
l e c tu r e s
46
on
r st
,

L or d s
b ook , 4 7
P r aye r ,
,

fi ’
, ,

92 . 3 1 5 54 on p er s ecu ti on , 58 ; h i s
 I nd ex
d ou b ti n g 6 6 c on fer en ce w i th
,

P u r i t an s 6 9 ; r e b u k es B e r n ar d
T ran sl ati on s of S cr i p tu r e ,
of 1 2 7
v al u e

v
, , ,

77 ; p a s t or o f C h u r c h a t G ai n s Tr a er s W al ter , 2 9 , 4 4,

b or ou g h 82 m i gr a ti on to
, T r i n i ty d oc tr i n e o f
, 1 78 , , 181 ,
A m s t er d a m 95 on Ch u r c h
Y —3
,

o ffi c er s 1 0 2 i n d ep en d en c y , 1 0 5 ;
, T u n s t al or k s , 2 72
,

a t B r ox t ow e 1 1 4 ; d i s u te w i th
J
oh n son , 1 2 0 ; V i e
tu r es , 1 2 7 ; on
p
of S c r i p
th e e l d e r s h i p ,
,

w U N C T I O N p r a c ti c e o f 2 8 9, ,

1 3 5 ; d e m oc r a t i c , 1 3 9 ; o n t h e U n i tar i an B ap ti s ts , 1 6 3
tr ea su r y 1 43 b e c om e s
, a
B a p ti s t 1 4 6 ; b ap ti ze s h i m sel f
1 53
,

3 2 5 ; ad an c e s t o A r m i n i v x ,
VV I RG I N I A ,
isibl e
33 8 — 9
C h u r c h , pr i n ci p l es of,
,

an i s m 1 76 e co mm u n i c a te d
99 ,
b y H e l w ys 1 8 3 ;
D u tc h , 1 9 6
,

or s h i p s
e r s o n al
, i th w w seg .

C on
p ,

fe s s i on , 2 0 0 ; l as t d ay s 2 3 5 ,
W AR S A D MU, EL, 43 , 2 6 6 , n ote
C o n fe s s i on of F ai th 2 4 1 ; l as t W h e a tl ey N or th an d S ou th , 8 2 ,
b o ok
i d ea s 3 4 7
2 57 ;
, i n u en c e of h i s fl ,

W hi te
,

Al e x an d er , E l e an or ,
, ,

S m i th , M ar y 4 7, 1 8 7 2 6 7 B r i d ge t 3 1 7
J
, , ,

S m i th R a l ph 1 72 , 3 4 3 3 50
, , ,
W h i te , oh n of D or c h e ster 3 4 1 , ,

S m i th R i c h ar d 2 6 6 n ot e W h i te Th om as 8 8 , n ote 2 59
J
, , , , , ,

S m i th W i l l i a m , 2 5
, W h i tg i ft oh n 2 1 6 7 , , ,

S tu d l ey, D an i e l , 3 7 4 1 ,
W i ckh a m W i l l ia m B i s h op , 4 3 , ,

S tu r ton l e S tee p l e 8 2 , 3 1 7
- -
W i c l if 2 3
J
, ,

S u c c e s s i on , d oc tr i n e of 2 2 9 2 54 , W i l ki n s on ohn , 2 99 c on tr o
2 61

S u ffol k , S ep ar ati s t s in ,
, ,

n ote,
v er s y w
W il li a s R oge r 1 72 2 3 8 3 0 8
m
i th
,

M u r ton , 3 00
— 3 02
93
—
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2 89 3 4 7 55
W i l s o n J oh n R e v 1 7 1
.

Ti th es 6 7
w ,

W i n s l o E d ar d 9 0 3 4 2 3 4 7
W i n thr op J oh n 1 71
, w
,

,
.
,

, ,

v ,

T i e r ton 2 73 , 3 3 5
T o ok e y, E l i as , 1 8 1 , 3 2 9 , 3 3 1 —2
, 1
W or k s op 75 8 2
W r ay S i r W m 4 8 6 3 74 2 2 5
,
,

,
,

, .
, , , ,

N O TE .

T h e b ook s an d d ocu m en ts r e fer r e d to i n th e for eg oi n g p ag e s ar e

fi
su f c i en tl y i n d i c a te d i n t h e te t x an d n otes T h e r ep r i n t o f ohn J
w v
.

R ob i n s on or k s , e d i te d b y R ob e r t A s h t on ol s 1 8 51 h as b e en
’
s 3
v v
, ,

c i te d f or c on en i e n ce , th o u g h or i g i n a l c o p i es ha e b een c o n s u l te d on

v i tal p oi n ts T h e e d i ti o n of D an i e l N e al s H i s tory of the P u r i tans ,

.
’

e d i te d b y T o u l m i n , i n 5 v ol S , 1 8 2 2 , h as b e en u s e d Th o m as C r osb y s ’

v v v
. .

H i story of the B apti sts 4 ol s d a tes ar i ou s , c on tai n s m u c h a l u ab l e

v v
.
, ,

m a ter i al The E ar ly E ngl i sh B apti sts, b y B e n j am i n E an s ,

. 2 ol s

1 8 6 2 , i s h el p fu l for t h e p er i od tr e a te d i n t h i s b oo k .

B R AD B U R Y , AG N E W 81 c o. L T D . , PR I N TE R S , L O N D O N AN D T O N B R I D G E.
 J AME S CL AR KE AN D CO S
’
.

Net

THE P O LY C HROM E B I B LE

A N ew E n gl i sh Tran s l a ti on of
t h e B ook s o f t h e B i b l e P r in ted
v w
i n ar i o u s c ol o u r s , s h o in g a t a gl an ce t h e com p o s i te n a t u r e
.

a n d t h e di ffer e n t s o u r ces o f t h e B ook s Wi t h m an y N o te s an d

I ll u s t r a ti on s fr om An ci en t Mon um en ts , & 0
t hew E a ch o l u m e is
or k o f an e m in en t B i b li c al s c h ol ar o f E ur o p e or Am er i c a ,
.

. v
an d t h e wh ol e wor k i s un d er t he
UR P g en era l e di t o r s hi
p of P A L
v U
H A T , of J ohn s H op kin s U n i er si t y, B a l tim ore , a ss is te d b y
H O A CE H O WA R URD F NE SS.

R eall y on e of the gr eatest an d most ser ious u n d ertaki n gs of our t ime .

I t h as b een p l an n ed on th e gran d est s cal e I t i s b ein g p r od u ced i n m ug h i u

.

cen t styl e
that are al i ve
.

E xp ¢m tory Ti mes.
—
Th ev ari ou s b ooks ar e en trusted to th e ab l est s ch ol ars
.

k of E zek i e lt h e R e v C H TO Y , D D ,
Tr an sl a ted b
LL D , P r ofess or o f H eb r e
. . an
.

w
o t h e r O r i en t al L a n u a es ,
g g
. .

v
.

v
. .

an d Lec t ur er on B i b l i ca l Li te r a t u r e i n H ar a r d U n i e r s i t y .

208 p p ( 8 9 pp tr an s l a t i on a n d 1 1 9 pp n ote s )
. . Wi t h n i n e . .

fu ll e ge I ll u s tr a t ions ( in cl u din g a Ma p o f We s t em As i a an d
p
-

102 ll u s tr a t i on s in t h e N otes Cl ot h , gil t to p , 1 08 6 d n e t . . . .

They [J oshua an d E zeki el ] wi ll b e of gr eat us e to th e car eful stu d en t .

Th e books in cl u d e th e b est resul ts of th e hi gh er cr i t i cism

—
"
0 .

B i rmi n gham D ai l y P ost .

Fo
r other Vol u mes i n thi s S eri es see p ag e 3.

J G u i n n ess Rog e r s , D D : An Au t ob i og r ap h y. D em y 8 v o,
.

v .

P h o t o gr a u r e P or t r a i t an d I ll u s tr a t i on s , 7s 6 d
.

. .

The remin is cen ces of Dr Guinn ess Rog ers g o b ack ov er n ear l y eig hty
.

y ears .

of i n terest Mwnchestar Guardi an

.
"
—
I t is h ar d to Op en th e book an ywh er e Wi th ou t comi n g on somethi n g
.

A Hi st or y t h e Un i t ed S t at e s . B y J O H N FI S E , Li tt D ,
of K
LL D . F o r S ch o ol s
. Wi t h To p i ca l An al ysis , S u g ges t i e
.

R K P v . .

Q u es t i on s a n d D ir ec t i on s for Te a ch ers , b y F AN AL I N E
HI L L L i t t D , fo rm er l y H e adm as te r o f t h e E n g l is h H i g h
, . .

S ch o ol in C am b r i d g e , an d l ater o f th e Me ch an i c Ar ts Hi g h
S ch ool in B os ton Wi t h 1 8 0 I ll us t r a t i on s an d 3 9 Ma p s
. .

Cr own 8 v o , h alf l ea t h er , g il t t o p , 7s 6 d . .

He n ry B a r r ow , S e p a r at i s t ; a n d t h e E x i l e d C h u r c h of
A ms te r d a m B y F J P O W I CK E P h D A u t h or o f
. . J o hn , . .
,

N o rr i s an d E s sen t i al s o f Co n gr e g a t i on a l is m Med i um 8 v o, .

7s 6d n e t
. . .
 CATA L O GU E O F B O O K S

6 / Net
THE PO LY C HROM E B I B LE
Th e B oo k of J os h u a Tr ans l a te d b y t h e R e v W H B n m r r ,
. . . .
f

M A , L i t t D , P r ofe ss or of O l d Tes ta m en t L an gu a ges a n d

. . . .

Li t er a t u r e a t H a ckn e y an d N e w Coll e g es , Lon d on , for m er l y

F e ll o of S t w J ohn s Co ll e
’
Cam b r i d ge
. 9 4 pp , p r i n te d . .

i n n in e c ol o ur s ( 4 3 p p t r an s a t i on an d 5 1 p p n o te s , i n c l u d in g
x
t r a t e d E cur s us on t h e Tel ol - Am ar n a Ta b l e ts a n d a
.

v
-
.

L is t of G e o gr ap hi c a l N am es ) E l e en fu ll p a ge I ll u s tr a t i on s .
-

( o n e i n co l ou r s ) an d 2 5 I l l us t r a t i o ns i n t h e N o tes Cl o t h , .

g il t t o p , 6 8 n e t . .

Th e B o ok of Tr an sl a te d ,
J i t h N o te s , b y G F MO O E ,
u d g es .
w wv . . R
D D , P r o fe ss or of H e b r e i n An d o e r Th e o l o gi ca l S em in ar y
. .

9 8 pp , p r in te d in s e en col our s ( 4 2 p p tr an s l a t i on , 5 6 p p
. v .
.

n o te s ) S ev en fu l l p a ge I ll us tr a t i on s ( in cl u din g a Ma p i n
.
-

co l ou rs an d 20 I ll us t ra ti on s in t he N o tes ) Cl o th , gil t t op , .

p r i ce 6s n et . .

F or other Vol uma i n tki a S m a we p age z

'

6 /
By S . R . CRO CKE TT
Vid a ; or , Th e i r on Lor d of K i r k t ow n , L ar ge cr o w n 8 v o, cl o th

b o a r d s , g il t t o p , 6s
x
.

N ot a d ul l p ag e in i t . R emark ahl e hil arati n g an d well

”
kn i t N ev er d on e an y thin g b etter . S tan da r d .

w
.

Kid Mc fi h i e . Lar ge cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h boa r ds , gi l t top , 63 .

mart an d as
As s t as ev er The .
-

Admi r ers of Mr . oc k et t wi ll n ot b e di sa pp oi n t ed i n K id Mc Gh ie .

T h e Lo v es of Mi s s An n e . Lar ge cr own 8 v o, 4 16 p p .
, cl o t h ,

gil t t o p , 6s .

rousin g stor y , com ed y an d tr ag ed y b ei n g ad i rab l y cO-ming l ed , m

A fin e
an d th er e ar e som e e cell en t s tu d i es of ch ar a ct er xv A b r ig ht , b r eezy , wel l
wr i t ten b ook , Wi th cl e er d es cri p t i ons of coun t ry l ife.
”
B i n mn gham P ost
.

— °

w
.

Fl ow -
er 0
’-
t h e - C om . L ar g e cr o n 8 v o , 4 64 p p .
, c l o th ,
gil t
to p , 6 8 .

Mr Cr ock ett more shows his ski ll in weav in g ing en i ou s p l ot ”

—Th
. on ce an .

Ti mes
Th e n arr ati v e mo es br is kl y , an d secur es
q
wi th th e fr e u en cy of a”d v en t ur e
”
N ewcas tl e
v — th e b an i sh men t of d ul n ess
D ail y Lead er
e .

—
.

Fer t i l e of in ci d en t D ml u M ad . .

C i n d er e l l a . I ll us t r a te d . Cr o w— n 8 v o , cl oth , 6 s .

S t J ames : Gazette
”
A d eci d edl y p l eas i n g tal e
’

—D
. . .

Mos t ani m ate d fr om b eg i nn i n g to en d .

”
u ndee A dv erti s er .

Wi l l ass ur edl y n ot l a ck a k i n dl y w el com e on i ts m er i ts .

Ki t K e n n edy :
8 v o, cl o th , il
C ou n t r y B oy
t t 6 3
. Wi th S i x I ll us tr a ti on s . Cr o w n

g o p , .

Mr Cr ock ett h as n ev er g i v en b etter ev id en ce of or i g i nal i ty an d dr amat ic

.

p ower . Th er e i s n o d ou b t th at
rep u ta ti on an d po p ul ar i t y
K i t K enn edy
M anches ter Guar dam .
—
Wi ll ad d to hi s
.
 J AME S CLAR K E AN D CO S
’
.

6 /
*
Th e Hou s e of
t h e S ec r et . B y ATH A I N E T N AN , Au th or o f
“F or Ma i s ie ” “Her L ad sh i ” & 0 Lar e cr o n 8 v o
K R Y w
, y p, g . .

I l l u s tr ated Cl oth b oar d s , 6 3

. .

*
An n e K i l l ig r e
I l l u s tr a t e d .
w . B y D UN OAN
Cl oth b oar d s , 6 s .
ST UR A T. Lar ge cr o w n 8v c .

Fac e s i n t he M i s t : A Ro m an c e of Re al i ty B y J O HN A
S TE UR A T, Au t h or o f Th e Mi n i s t e r o f S t a te
w
”
,
.

Wi n e on th e
Cl oth b oar d s , 6 s
.

L ar g e cr o n 8v o . I l l u s tr a te d . .

Th e C i t y of D e l i g h t : A Lo e D r a m a v B
t h e S i e g e a n d Fal l
of
MI LL E R
of J er u sal em B y E LI Z A E TH
. La r g e cr own
.

8v o . I l l u s tr a t e d Cl o th b o ar d s 6 s
. , .

S i d el ig h t s on N e w Te s t a m e n t Re s e ar c h B ein g th e An g us
Le c t u r e s vw
d eli e r ed in 19 08 b y R e v J R E N E L HA I S, M A , . .
.

D RR . .

Li t t D . . Cr o n 8 v o , cl o t h b oar d s , 6 8 .

Th e
B
W eb
UR GI N .
of C i rc u m s t a n ce
L ar g e c r o n 8 v o , w . A N ew N o el B y I SA
c l ot h b o a r d s , i l l u s t r a t e d , 6 s
v . B EL
.

Th e He a r t
Of
of La u r i e
J
Th e B ow 0 Or an g e R i b b on
B y A E LI A E B A
es s , Au t hor
Lar g e cr o n 8 v o, cl oth
.

.
M .

w R R
b o ar d s I l l u s tr a t ed
. 63 . .

Th e Ri s e of
P h i l i p B a r r et t B y D A VI D L ALL , Au t h or of Th e
L an d O t h e Le al , & c Cr o n 8 v o b e ell e d b o ar d s , gil t t o p , 6 s
’
.

w v Y
.
, .

Th e b ook is rem ar k ab l e for th e arrest i n g in ter est of all , or n earl y al l

th e ch aract ers A l tog eth er Mr Ly all is to b e con gratul ated on an in ter est
. .

i n g stor y -
A ber d ean F r ee P r ess
. .

A P op u l a r Hi s t or y of t h e Fr ee Ch u r c h e s
HO N E , M AR B y C S I L E S TE
w
Cr o n 8 v o 4 6 4 p p a n d 3 9 ful l p a ge I ll u s tr a
. . V R
v
-
.
.
, .

t i on s on ar t p ap er Ar t e ll u m , g il t tO p 6 s
v
. .
,
“A i n ter es ti n g b ook b y
P u ri tan
v ig orou s an d
sp i r i t an d th e n ee d of rel i g i ou s e q an
u al i ty .
en t hu s i asti c
—
The Ti mes
b eli e
.
er in the

Th e B l ac k Fa m i l i a r s
H om es , 85 0
”
B y L B WA LF O , A u t h or o f
.

L ar g e cr o n 8 V O , c l o th b oar d s , 6 s w . . RD S ta y -
at

v
. .

B l ack F am i l i ars i s amon g th e mos t abl e an d

of a v ery p r od u ct i v e s eason .
— S t J ames s Gazette
.
’
.
ttracti
a e books

Fr i e n d O l i i a v . By A M E LI A E BA . RR . Cr o w n 8 v o, cl o th b o ar d s , 6 s .

A Ros e
8 v o,
of a
cl o t h
Hu n d r e d Le a
b o ar ds , 6 s .
v es . By A M E LI A E BA . RR . Cr o w n

Th r ou g h S
of
c i e n ce t o Fa i t h
B y Dr N E W AN S
Th e P l a ce o f D e a t h in E ol u ti on ,
”
TH , Au th or
O l d F a i t h s in N e w
.

v
. M MY
Li gh ts ,
” ”
Th e R e al i t y of F a i t h , & 0 L ar g e cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h , . w
gi l t t op , 6 8 .

We comm en d D r S myt h s work to the atten tion of all thoughtful ’

—Li verp ool

.

read ers
”
M er cu ry .

w
.

Th e Ri g h t s of M an A S t u d y i n T en t i e t h Ce n t ur y P r obl em s
By L YM AN A BB
.

O TT , D D . Cr o n 8 v o , cl o t h , Gs
. w .
.

This is on e of hi s bes t b ook s I t is g ood thr ou gh ou t

—E x p ository
. .

Ti mes .
 J AME S CL AR KE AND CO S
’
.

N et
J B P a t on , M A D O , Ed u c at i on al a n d S oci a l P i on e e r
M R w v
. . . . . .

B y J A E S MA CH AN T L ar g e cr o n 8 v o P h o to gr a u r e . ,

P or tr ai t , an d I ll u s t r at i on s on Ar t p ap er , c l o th b oar d s , gil t
t op , 4 s 6 d n e t . . .

Th e Li f e an d Le t t e r s of Al ex an d e r M ac k e n n a i , B A D D
B y D MA C F AD E N
an d
.

I l l u s tr a t i ons
Y . w
L ar g e c r o n 8 v o , P h o t o gr a ur e P or t r a i t ,
el l um
v . .

V
, . .

on Ar t P a p e r B ou n d in Ar t . .

4 s 6 d n et
. . .

Th e C h r i st i a n Wor l d
bo ar d s 4 s 6 d
P u l pit . H al f Y e a r l y -
V ol u m es , cl o t h

, . .

A n ot ab l e coll ect i on
P rotes tan t p r each er s on of th e u t ter an ces of a
Wi de v ari et y of su bj ects whi ch man y p eop l e will rej oice to pon d er at l eis ur e
The Glasgow Heral d — .

4 /
“
Th e Ros e b u d A n n u al f or Th e I d e al B o ok for t h e N ur s ery 19 ! l .

F o u r c ol our ed p l a te s an d on e h a lf o f t he p a g es in c o l o ur -

H an d so m e cl ot h b o ar ds , 4 s Col ou r e d p ap e r bo ar ds , v ar .

n i sh ed , 3 s

v —Di
.

A eri tab l e tr easury of th e b est of g ood thi ngs . . v crp oot M ercury .

S oc i a l S
c l o th ,
al v
48
a t i on .
.
By WA S H I N G T ON G LA DD EN . Cr o w n 8 v o,

Too l s an d t he Ma n
P r o pe r t y an d I n d us t ry un d er t he Chr is ti an
L aw . B y WA S H I N G T O N G LA EN
.

Cr o DD . w n 8 v o , cl ot h, 4s .

Ru l i n g i d e as
Cr o w n 8 v o,
of t h e P r e s e n t Ag e .
cl ot h 48 .
By WAS H I N G TO N GL A DD EN .
,

Hi g h e r on
B E T VI
t h e Hi l l A S er i es of S a cr e d S t u di es
’
.
‘

E , D D , Min is ter O f S t Ai d an s , E di n b ur h
B y AN
C
E
wn 8 v o,
. DR W
L
. .
g r o . .

cI o t 4s .

N et
*
Th e Tr a n s fi g u r e d Ch u r c h By J H J owET r , M A D D ,
Au th or o f Th e P as si on
c l oth b oar d s , gi l t t o , 3 8
.

for S ou l s , & 0
.

Lar g e cr o
.

.
.

w
.
, .

n 8 v o,
.

p . 6d n e t. .

*
Th e A r t of E x p os i t i on B y H J E F F S , Au t h or o f The Ar t of . .

”
S er m o n I l l u s tr a t i o n , P r ac t i ca l L ay P r ea ch in g , & c Lar ge
cro w
n 8 v o , c l oth b oar d s ,
g i l t t op , 3 S 6 d n e t . . .
.

*
He av e n l y i s i on s V R
S t u di es i n t h e B ook of R e e l a t i on
B y R ev CH A LE S B O WN , Au t h or O f
.
.

"
Le t t e rs O f Chr i s t, 85 0 R v .

Lar g e cr own 8 v o, cl oth b oar ds , gi l t t op , 3 S 6 d n e t . . .

‘
Li f e an d
s el v es a n d
t h e I d e al
th e U ni
.

v By J
er se ,
”
. B
&c
R R Y
.
IE LE

Lar ge
,

cr o
B A
.

w .
,

n
Au t h or o f O ur
8 v o , c l o th b o a r d s ,
gi l t t Op , 3 s 6d . . n et.
 CAT AL O GUE O F B O O K S

N et
‘
We st m i n st e r e r m on s .
B y Ca n on H HE N S L E
S .

w Y B E N S ON ,
of S Mar g ar e t s , Wes tm i n s ter
.
’
Lar ge cr o n . 8 v o, c l o th
b oar d s , gi l t to p , 3 8 6 d n et . . .

*
Re l i g i o n an d
Th r ou gh Man t o
M i r ac l e .

G od ,
B y G E O G E A GO
”
R
O N , D D , Au th or
Th e Ch r i s t o f T o d ay ; 85 0 Cr o
. RD . .

.
of
w
n
8 v o, c l o th b o ar d s , g i l t top , 3 8 6d n e t . . .

*
Th e Wi n n i n g
of S t u d i es
of i m m orta l i t y B y FR E D E R I O P AL E , Au t h or
i n Th e o l ogi c D efi n i t i on
”
.

Cl oth b oar d s , gi l t t op , .
M R
38 . 6d n et . .

*
C h r i s t i a n Ce r t i t u d e i t s i n t e l l e ct u al B a s i s
: B y E DI GG E S
w . .

LA TO U OHE . Lar ge cr o n 8 v o, c l ot h boar d s , gi l t t op , 38 6d . .

n et .

As p e c t s of t h e S p i r it u al By J
S i d e l i g h t s on R eli gi on ,
”
B I E LE , B A , Au th or o f
.

O urse l es a n d t h e U n i erse ,
. R vR Y . .

v
&c . w
L ar g e cr o n 8 y o, c l oth b o ar d s , gil t to p , 3 8 . 6d n e t . .

Li fe i n Hi s N a m e .
”
I N TY R E , Au th or of
B y D A VI D M HM .
‘
Th e
H i d d en Life of P r ay er , &c an d s om e l y b o u n d i n c l ot h
w
.

b oar d s , gi l t e d ges , i th h e ad ban d an d m ar k er , 38 , 6d . ne t .

i n t e r l u d e s i n a Ti m e of C h a n e : E t h i c a l , S oc i al . Th eol og i ca l
B y J A E S MO
v M IS
” “
H I T ON , P h D
”
RR
( Y a l e) , Au th or o f . .
.

D i i n e S a tis f ac ti on , G l or i a P att i , & c Cl oth b oar ds . .

g il t t o p , 3 8 6 d n e t , . .

M od e r n T h eor i es of S i n
v B y W E OR CHA D, D .D
a p p r o e d f or t h e D egr ee o f D oc t or of D i in i t y in the
. . .

v R . Th es is

s i t y of L on d on D em y 8 v o, c l ot h b oar d s , gil t t op , 3 8
. .

E v an g el ica l Het e r od ox y
T h e E p i s t le t o t h e
. By J
G a l a t i an s
. R
MO G AN GI B S O N , Au th or of
Lar ge cr o wn 8 y o, c l oth
.

b o ar d s , g i l t t o p , 3 8 6d . . n et .

T e
h C h r i s t i a n of T o D ay
-
A B r i e f D e s cr i p t i on o f H is Th ou gh t
an d
F irs t
L ife By RO E
Chr i s t i a n s ,
.

&c
B
.

R
.
T VE rr cH , M A , Au t h or o f
w
L ar g e cr o n 8 v o, c l oth bo ar d s,
“
. The .

g i l t t o p , 3 8 6 d n et . . .

Th e Ri g h t Hon H H As q u i t h , M P A B i ogr a p h y an d Ap pr o
c i a t i on .
.

B y F A N E L I AS R K
. .

. L a r ge
.

w
cr o n 8 v o, c l o th b oar ds ,

g i l t t op , 3 s 6d n e t
. . .

Th e A r t of S e r m on i l l u s t r at i on B y E J s r r s , E di tor of The . . .

C hr i s ti a n Wor ld P u l p i t Lar g e cr own 8 v o, cl ot h boar d s.

.

gi l t t o p , 3 8 6 d n et
. . .

Th e F i r s t Th i n g s
u hA t
“ of J
of J es us . B y J O HN R E I , M.A , O f
a n d N i c od e m us : a S t u d
D .

or es u s
y in
L i fe .
”
L ar ge cr o w n 8 v o, cl oth b oar d s , gi l t t op , 3 8
S id e l i g h t s
“O ur
on
Ci t y of G o d ,
Re l i g i on
” “
By J B I E LE , B A. , Au thor of
.

O u r sel es an d t h e U n i e rse , ”
.

v R R Y .

v
&0
L a r ge cr o n w8 v o, c l o th b o ar d s . gi l t to p , 3s 6d n et . . .
.
 J AME S CL AR K E AN D CO S
’
.

Ne t
Mes sag e s B y GE O G E MATH E S ON , D D , LL D ,
A u t h or of
of
“
Hop e
’
.

Th ou gh ts for L i fe s J o ur n e y, &c
R . . . .

Han ds om el y b o u n d in cl o t h b o ar d s , g il t e d g es , 3 s 6d n et . . .

J e s us : S e v en Q u e s t i on s By J
N ew E an gel ,
.

v
. WA R S CH A U E
L ar ge
‘

R Mw, . A D P hi1
.
,

8 v o , cl o th
.

Au th or of Th e &c . cr o n
b o ar d s , gi l t top , 3 8 6d n e t
. . .

Th e E v RDo l u t i on of O l d Te st a m e n t Re l i g i o n By W E
w
L ar ge cr o n 8 v o , cl o t h b o ar d s , gil t t op ,
. . .

O RCHA , B D . .

3 8 6d
. . n et .

Th e C h u r c h an d Mod e r n Li f e B y WA S Hm G T O N G L A
. EN , D D DD .

Au t h or of Wh o Wr ote th e B ib l e 2 &c Cl oth b o ar d s , gil t

‘
.

top , 38 . 6d . n et .

My B e l ief
F HO
. An s
R w ers
MA
to Cer t ain R el i g i ou s D i ffi cu l t i es
D D , Au th or of
By
Car to on s o f S t
.

R TO N
.

Mar k , & c
”
.

.
,

La r g e
.

cr o
.
,

w . .

n 8 V O , c l ot h b o a r d s , 3s 6d n e t . . .
.

Th e S t ory o f Co n g r e g at i on a l i s m i n S u r r e y B y E E CL E AL . . . .

D em y 8 v o, 4 6 4 a g es 4 6 I l l u s t r a t i on s on ar t p a p er an d Map ,
c l ot h , be ell ed v
ar d s 3 s 6d n e t
,

, . . .

Th o u g h t s
D D LL D ,
f or
. .
Li f e
’
s J ou r n e y .
A u t h or of
B y GE O G E MA TH E S O N ,
Le a e s for Q ui e t H ou r s ”
v R
. .
, .

H an ds om el y b oun d in cl o th bo ar d s , gi l t ed e s , 3 s
g 6 d n et . . .

A Wo r k i n g Wom an
FA R N I N G HA M
’

L ar ge
s Li fe .

w Th e Au t o bi o gr a p h y o f MA
n 8 v o , c l ot h b o a r d s , 3 s 6 d
R I AN N E
. cr o . . n et .

The G os p e l G r ace . of
B y J D J ON E S , MA B D Au th or
of
cl o t h bo ar ds , g il t t op , 3 8
”
Ch r is t s P a t h ay to t h e Cr oss , & 0
’
w . .

.
.

Lar ge
.
, .

cr o
.
,

w n 8 v o,
6 d n et . . .

J es u s an d Hi s B y ER I CH VO N S OH B E N C K , Mag
Te ac h i n g .

WAR S OH AU E R , M A , D P hi l
.

Th eol Tr an s l a te d by J
Cr o w n
.

8 v o , cl oth b oar ds , 3 8 6d n e t .
.

. .
. . . .

Th e At on e m e n t i n Mod e r n Th ou g h t T h e ol ogi c al A
U U B R
.

p os i u m B y P ro fess o r A G S TE SA ATI E , P r o fe ss or

D r MA R C U S D O S , D r L
.

A OK , P r o fess or G O E T , D e an F A
AN AB
D
D DD YM
O TT , D r B
RR R
A , D r P T F O S TH ,
J O HN H N T E ,
R
U Y R . . .

D r WA S H I N G TO N GL A
.

Dr R F H O T O N , R e v R J CA
E N , D ea n R
F E AN TLE , D r CA E ,
R R R M PB R RDM D Y
E LL , P r in ci a l A E N E ,
V
. .

. . .
p . . .

Re v . C S I L VE S TE H O N E , R ev B E N A J S N E LL , a n d
‘

U R w
. . .

D r T T M N GE
. . Cheap E di ti on
. L ar g e cr o n 8 v o, . .

cl oth b o ar ds , 3 8 6 d n et. . .

Amon g th e wr iters ar e men of gr eat

This i n ter estin g wor k
disti n ct ion . v D eser
.

es car ef ul atten ti on

V oicef r om C h n a i
l
R . B Hm G I F FI TH J O H N , D D E d in
. . .
, k ow .

Lar ge cro wn 8 v o, c ot b o a rdS , 3s 6d . . n et .

 J AME S CLAR KE AN D CO S .
’

Th e P e a r l Di v e r s of Ron c a d or Ree f , a n d O t h e r S t or i e s
U
B y LO I S B E C E , Au t h or O f
8 V O cl oth b o ar ds
K
Tom Wa llis , & c L ar ge cr o n
”
. w .

, I ll us tr a ted 3 s 6d . . . .

Fr a g m e n t s of Th o u g h t G a t h e r e d on Li f e
’
s J o u rn e y . By
C H . . B E TTS . L ar ge cr o w n 8 VO , cl o t h b o ar d s , 3 8 . 6d .

A G a m b l e w i t h Li f e
P ay t h e P r i c e ”
B y S I L AS H O OR I N G , Au th or o f
Lar ge cr o n 8 v o , b e e l l e d b o ar d s , 3 8
.
.

w K .

v .
To
6d .

On e of the b es t stor i es wr itten by thi s p op ul ar au th or .

G l or i a P a t r i ; or , O u r Ta l k s Ab ou t t h e Tr i n i t y . By J . M .

V H I TON
V
Cl o t h 3 8 6 d . . . .

’
G od s G r e at e r
B r it ai n L e t te rs an d Ad dr es ses b y J O HN
CL I F F O
S ho w
, R D
MA , D D
in g D r Cl i ff or d an d p art y .
. .

in m in er s a t tir e
.

”
.

Wi t h T w o P or t’r ai t G r o u p s , o n e .

Cr o n . w
8 V O , cl o t h , 3 s 6 d . .

I t sh ou l d b e in th e h an d s of al l thi n k in men .

as : A ng l l an D ai l y Ti mes .

Th e C h r i st t h at i s To B e : A Lat t e r D a y Rom a n ce. B y

MP
-

S ir J CO T O N R I CK E T I , M P N e w E di ti on D em y 8 v o , ’ ‘
. . . .

cl o th 3 s 6d , . .

Hi s Ru s t i c
N a y,
”
&c
W ife
B y Mr s HA C AFT , Au thor of
Cl o t h b o ar ds , 3 3 6 d
. A L ad y . YR ’
s

v —
. . .

A fresh an d er y ca p ab l e story N ewcas tl e D ail y Leader . .

Fa m i l y P r ay e r s f o r M orn i n g Us e , a n d P r y e r s f or S p e c i a l
Occ as i on s Co m p il e d a n d E di ted b y J
. G Cl ot h , p ott . fi .

q u ar to , 3 s 6d .

v
.

We cor d i al l y r ecommen d th e ol u m e to all wh o sh are our

v al ue of fa mi l y r eh g i on .
”
— Wd l esden P r esbyteri an M onthl y .
sense of th e

i n d u st r i a l Ex p i or i n g s i n
A u t h or O f We Thr ee an d Tr od dl e s
an d a r ou n d Lon d on B y R AN D O ,
.

Wi t h n e ar l y 100 I ll u s
. M
t r a t i on s b y T M R WHI TW E LL Cr o . . . .
.

w n 8 v o , cl o t h , 3 s 6d . .

Pr e ac h i n g
Cr o w n
to
8 v o,
t h e Ti m e s
cl o t h e t r a , 3 8 x . By
6d
Ca n on H E N S LE Y HE N S O N .

—
. .

S oun d sens e an d sch ol ar l y sol i di ty . Drmdee Cou r ier .

Th e D u t c h i n t h e M e d w ay .
Au t h or of
B y CH A LE S
Th e Cam p of R e f u g e , & c i Vi t h
R 9.
MA CF A
F or e wR LAN E ,
or d by
S R C O C E TT
. . R K
Cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h , 3 s 6 d . w .

. .

Th e Q u i c k e n i n g
B y S ir J CO TON R I C
of
MP Ca l ib a n
K
. A Mod e rn S t or y
M P A u t h or o f
of
Chr is ti an i t y
E v o l u t i on .

E TT ,
in Comm on S p ee c h , ”
850
.

. L ar g e
. .

cr o
,

w n 8 VO , c l o th , 3 s 6d . .

N i n et ee n Hu n d r ed ? A For ec as t an d a S to
MA
&c .
R I A NN E
Cr o w R n
FA
8 VO ,
NI N G H A M
A u t h or
cl o t h b o ar d s , 38
, of
6d
T h e Cl ar en ce
. .

“ l i fe
”
A p l es s en t an d en tertaini ng etcry an d p i cture of .

- Me h d ~
t o ist Rec order .
 CAT AL O GUE O F B O O K S

E MMA J AN E WORB OI S E ’
S N O VELS

Cro w n Svc, u n i f or m l y bo un d in c l ot h , 3s 6d . . e ac h.

St
V . B ee t h a s
V
’
. M i l l ice n t
W
K e n d r i ck .
Dau g h t er
Robe r t
’
i ol et a u g h an . r e f or d s .

S i n g l e h u r st M an or . J oa n Car i s b r ok e .

O v e r d al e . S i ss i e .

G r ey a n d G ol d . E st h e r Wy n n e .

M r Mon t m or e n cy s
.
’
Mon ey . [1 15 N ext of Ki n .
Ch ry st ab e l .

A M E LI A B A RR S N O VE LS
’
E .

Cr o w
n 8 VO , c l oth e x tr a, 3 8 . 6d . e ac h .

Th e B e a d s of Tas m e r . A B or d e r S h e p h e r d es s .

A S i s t e r t o E sa u . P au l a n d Ch r i s t i n a .

S h e Lov e d a S a i l or . Th e S q u i re of S a n d a l S i d e
T h e La st of t h e M ac A l l i s t e r s . B e t w ee n Tw o Lo es v .
.

Wov e n of Lov e a n d G l ory . A D a u g h t e r of Fi f e .

For other books by th i s Author see p age: 4 and 18 .

T HE M E S S AG E S O F THE B I B LE

E di te d b y F AN R KK N I G HT S A N E S , P h D , Woo lse
y P ro DR v . .

R
fe sso r O f B i b l i ca l Li te r at u r e in Y al e U n i e rsi t y, an d CHA L E S
F O S TE RK w v
E N T , P h D , P r ofesso r o f B i b li cal Li te r a t ur e a n d
. .

H is t or y in B r o n U n i ersi ty S u per r oyal l 6m o , cl o th , r e d

top , 3 8 6d a VOL ( To b e com pl e ted in 1 2
. . ol um es
)
.

V .

I THE ME S S A G E S or TH E R R RPEA LI E P O H E TS
R RP
. .

II THE ME S S A GE S or TH E LA TE P O H E TS

R R
. .

I I I THE ME S S A G E S or IS W
AEL S
’
LA G I VE S

RP R Y
. .

I V THE ME S S A G E S or TH E P O H E TI CA L AN D P
.

HI S T O R I AN S
I E S TL

V
.

ME S S AGE S or THE P S A LMI S TS

THE
P YP R R
. .

VI I I THE ME S S A GE S or THE A O CAL TI CAL W I TE S

U RD Y P
. .

I X THE ME S S A G E S or J E S S A CC O I N G T o THE S N O TI S T S

U RD P
.
.

X TH E ME S S A GES or J E S S ACCO
. I N G To THE G O S E L
or J O HN .

XI THE ME S S A GE S or PA U L.

P
.

XI I TH E ME S S A G E S OF TH E A O S TLE S

V w v
. .

ol u m es VI . an d VI I . il l a pp ea r at in t er al s .

S u ch a work is of th e utmos t ser v i ce to v —

e er y stu d en t of t h e S cr i p tu res
Thc D u nd ee A dverti s er .
.
 J AME S CL AR K E AN D CO S
’
.

3 / N et
C h u r c h Q u e s t i on s of ou r Ti m e
l"
B y J B P A TO N , M A D D , . . . . . . .

Au t h or o f Th e U n em p l oy a b l e a n d U n em p l oye d , &c
w
Cr o n 8 v o , c l oth b oar d s , 3 8 n et
.

R RR
. .

Th e P e r s on a l i t y of J es u s B y CH A LE S H B A O WS Lar ge
w
cr o n 8 v o , cl o t h b o a r d s , 3 s n ot
. . .

D M M UY P R w
. .

m s . B y MA A E G O N Tr an sl a te d fr om t h e Fre n ch b y
.

t h e l a te WI L LI A CO W E , i t h a P r e f a t or y E s s a y b y
D .

l e a t h er
DY
MA C F A E N , M A F c ap 8 VO , h an d s om el y b ou n d in
. . .

, 33 . n et .

Q u iet Hi n ts G ro w i n g P r e ac h er s i n My S t u d y
to By
CHA LE S E WAR
n ac l e Ch ur ch , N ew
D RD R
J E F F E S O N , P a s t or o f B r o a d a y T a b e r
or k Y
S m all cr o n 8 v o , cl oth , 3 8 n e t
. w
w .

. .

3]
*
Th e Ros e b u d A n n u al f or 1 9 ! Th e I d e al B ook for th e N ur s er y
l . .

F o ur Col ou r ed P l a te s an d on e h al f of t h e p ag es in c ol o u r
v
-
.

Col our ed p ap er b o ar d s , a rn is h ed , 3 s ; cl o t h b oar d s , 4 s

A r i ch f un d of en j oym en t for t he n urs ery —A berdeen F ree P ress

. .

. .

S c h ool Hy m n s , f or S c h ool s a n d M i s s i on s Wi th Mu s i c
Co m p i l e d b y E H MA O G N N
U . H arm on ies R ev is ed b y
. Ym U .
. .

E L LI O T B TTO N . L ar ge I p . l 6m o , 3 s .

E MMA J ANE WORB OI S E ’

S N O VELS .

Cr own 8 VO , cl o t h e x t r a, 3 8 . e ac h .

Hear t s ease i n t he Fa m i l y Ma u d B ol i n g b r ok e Hel en B u ry

F or other books by this A uthor see p ag es 1 1 and 1 7.

Net
‘
Lif e Beg in n ings
’
s Wis d om an d Cou n se l for D a il y Gui d an ce
. .

P r in ted o n I n d i a p ape r an d h an d s om el y b ou n d in l eath er ,

r ou n d
w “
co rn ers a n d gil t ed ge s , b o ed ,
Th e P il ot
2s 6d n ot ( u n ifor m
Al so in sil k gr ai n cl oth , l s 6d n et
x . .

i th
x w
. . .

A ch oi ce sel ec t i on of e t ra c ts fr om the gre ates t r i te r s o f

b o th t he p as t an d t h e resen t a ge , an d ca r efu l l y a rr a n ed
g
u n d er s u b j e ct s for ea ch ay of th e year As a b ook of h el p
j
.

an d gu i d a n ce for th ose us t en ter in g on lif e i t wil l fi ll a l o n g

fel t an t w “ v
.

*
Th e Tr u e C h r i s t , a n d ot h e r S t u d i es i n W h ats oe“ e r t h i n g s
ar e t r ue
”
B y W L WAL E , Au t h or o f
.
”
. .

Th e Tea ch i n g of Ch r i s t , & c
Th e S p i r i t KR w
a n d t h e I n c a rn a t i on , Cr o n .

8 V O , c l ot h b oar d s , 2s 6 d n ot
M
. . .

*A Yo u n
g M a n
’
s i d e a l B y W I LLI A W A TS O N , M A , Au th or of
.

w
. .

P r ayer , & c Cr o n 8 VO , cl ot h b oar d s , 28 6 d n et

w
. . . .

*
Mod e r n M i n or P r op h et s E d it ed ,” i th a Ch ap ter on . La y
P r e a chi n g a n d i t s B y P r od u ct s , b y H J E F F S , A u t h or o f
-
.

”
Th e A r t o f S er m on I l l u s tr a t i on , P r a c t i ca l L ay P r e a chi n g
a n d S p e a k i n g t o Mon Cr o n 8 v o, c l oth b oar d s , 2s 6d n et
. w . . .
 J AME S CO S
’
CLAR KE AN D .

N et
Th e P oe m s of Mac k en zi e B el l N ew an d R e v ise d E d i t i on
Cr own 8 v o, cl oth , i
g tl e x t r a , 2s
.

. 6d . n et .
.

P r ac t i c al Lay - P r e a c h i n g S p e ak i n g t o an d Men By H J Err s

w
. .

( E di t or of Th e Chr i s t i an Wor l d Cr o n 8 V O ,
cl o t h b o ar d s , 2s 6d n e t
. . .

Th e Ch a l l e n g e , an d Ot h e r
S t o r i e s f or B oy s an d Girl s
V
.

B y R ev J . . G . S TE E N S O N , Au t h or O f Th e Chr i s t of t h e
Chil d r en . 4 to , c l o t h b o ar d s , 24 0 p p . E i gh t I ll us tr a t i on s .
2s 6d n et
. . .

Leav e s f or
Q
D D , LL D , Au t h or o f
. . .
B y G
u i et E O
.
G E M A Hou r s
TH E S O N ,
Wor ds b y t h e W a ys i d e , & c N ew
”
. R .

an d c h e a p e di t i on H an ds om el y b ou n d m c l o th b o ards , w i t h
.

c has te d es i gn i n g ol d , a n d g il t e d g es , 28 6 d n et Le a th er , . . .

4s n e t
. .

Th e P i l ot A B ook o f D ail y G ui d a n ce fr om Mas te r Min ds Con

.

t a in s n e ar l y 2, 000 of t h e ch o i ce s t e t r a c t s s ys t em a t i c all y
ar r an g ed fo r e er y d a y O f t h e y e a r v
P r in te d on I n di a p a p e r
x .

an d h an d s om el y b ou n d I n l e a t h er , i t h r oun d c orn ers an d g il t w.

e d g es , 28 6 d n ot
v —
. . .

A b ook of real d ail y al u e . S h yid d T l

e e egra p h.

H er M aj es ty the Queen has graci ousl y accep ted a cop y of this book .

My N e i g h b ou r an d G od A R ep l y t o R obe r t B l a tc hf or d ’
G od
an d
b oar d s ,
My N ei g h b ou r
2s 6d n et
. . .
.

. By W . T. L E E . Cr o w n 8 VO ,
s
c l ot h

Li b e rt y an d Re l i g i on B y P WHI TWE LL WI LS O N , Au th or
v
. .

of Wh y We B eli e e, &c Cr own 8 v o , cl o th b o a r ds , 28 6 d

. . .

n ot.

Why We B e l i ev e P a p e rs on R e l i gi on an d B r o t h er h oo d By
P WH I TWE LL
R
.

WI L S O N . Cr o w n 8 VO , c l o t h b o a r d s , 2s 6 d .
.

. n ot .

A P op u l a r Hi s t ory
R Fr ee Ch u r c h es of
H O N E , M A Ch e ap E di t i on Cr o n 8 V O , 4 6 4 p p an d 8 fu ll
. .
t he
B y C S I L E S TE
. w . .

.
V R
a
p g e I l l u s t r a t i on s on ar t
p ap er Cl o t h b o a r d s , 28 6d n e t . . . .

Th e Ne w Te sta m e n t i n S p ee c h . An i d i om a t i c M od e r n
t r an sl at i on
Th e
in to
R es ul t an t
e er y d a y

G r e ek
E n g li s h fr om
Te s t am en t
”
By
t h e te t
the
v of x
l a te
R I CH ARD
v
F AN C I S WE O TH , R M A , D Li t
U n i er s i t y Co ll e g e , L on d on , an d f or m er l y H e ad Mas ter o f
F e ll o of YM U . .
.

. .
, w
Mill H ill S ch o ol , E di t or O f Th e R es u l t an t Gr e ek Tes ta m en t ”

E d i t e d a n d p ar t l y r e i se d b y E N E S T H A v
E N CO O , M A
for m e r l y E x hi b i t i on e r an d P r i zem an of S t J o hn s Col l eg e
’
R MPD K .
.

C am b r i d g e N e w an d re i s e d E d i t i on
Th u m b I n d e , 3 8 6d
.

Le a t h er , 4s n ot x v
Cl o th bo ar d s , 2s 6d .
.

.
,

n et Al s o on
x .

O f o r d I n d i a p a p er , 3 8 6 d n e t L e a t h er , 5s n e t P er s i a n
m o r o c c o y a p p l e a t h er l in ed a n d S il k s e n , r o u n d c or n ers ,
.
.

.
.

w
.

.
.

, ,

r ed u n d er g o l d 8 3 n e t T ur k e y m or o c c o, l im p , 8 s 6 d n e t
,
. . . . .
 CATALOG U E O F B O O K S

Net
A Y ou n g M an ’
s Re l i g i on an d his Fa t h e r
’
s Fa it h By
N . MCG H E E WA TE
6d
R S . S m all cr o w n 8 v o, cl o t h b o ar d s , gi l t t o p ,
.

28 n e t.
—The S c tsman
. .

I t is an earn es tl y rel i gi ous an d well -wri tt en work o

x x w
. .

Th e Re s u l t a n t G r ee k Te s t am e n t E hi b i t i n g th e T e t in hat .

t h e m a j or i t y of Mo d er n E di t ors a r e a g r e e d B y th e l a t e
R I CHA
n et.
RD R
F AN CI S WE O TH , D Li t Cl o th b o ar ds , 28 (5d YM U . .
.

. .

J ob an d
Cr o w Hi s
n
Com f or t e r s By J
8 v o , c l o t h b oar d s , 28 6 d
.

. .
.

n et .
T . MA R S HA LL , MA . .
, B D . .

Ha rv e s t mea n i n g s . A B ook o f P oe m s
of
”
B y MA I AN N E F A R
Cr o n 8 v o , cl o t b
.

w R
N D TG HA M , A u t h or G ir l h o od , &c .

b o ar d s , 25 . 6 d n et . .

A d el i g htful sh eaf of l it tl e ems . Th ey are messa es of l ov e, of 00 1m

of symp athy , of of en cou rag emen t mp ton H erald
”
fort , h O p e, an ortha .

v
.

M orn i n g an d E en i ng C r i es A B o ok o f P r ayer s for t h e H o u se

h ol d B y R ev
. . J . . R
G G E E N H O GH , M A
.

Cr o n 8 v o, c l o t h U . . w
b o ar ds 28 6 d , . . n et .

S u n d ay M or n i n g Ta l k s w i t h B oy s an d G i rl s B y R ev F H
RO B A R TS . Cr o w n 8 v o, cl o t h b o ar d s , 2s 6 d .
.

. n et .
. . .

Th ey hav e th e mark s of si mp li ci ty , an d ch ar m
direc tn ess,
—B a p twt Ti mes .

Th e B apt i s t Han d book P u b l is h e d u n d er t h e d i rec t i on o f t h e

Co un c il o f t h e B ap t I s t U n i on of Gr e a t B r i t ai n an d I r el an d .

P ap er b o ar d s , 28 6d n et ; c l ot h b o ar d s , 3 8 n e t
. . . .

Th e G ood B y H J E FF S , Au th or of
N ew Ti m es P r a c t i cal .

w
.

L a y P r e ac hin g an d S pea k i n g t o Men

”
Cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h .

b o ar d s , 28 6d . .

Th e Ri s e
Th e
of P h i l i p B a r r e tt ;
L an d o t h e Le al ,
’ ”
850
B y D A VI D L AL L , A u t h or o f
Ch ea p E di t i on Cr o wn 8 v o, .
Y
.

cl o th b o ar d s , 2s . 6d .

Th e Te n Comm a n d m e n t s
P ot t 8 v o , c l o th , 2s . 6d .
. By G . CA MP B E LL MO R G AN , D D . .

A P op u l ar A r g u m e n t f o r t h e U n i t y of I s a i a h B y J O HN
K E NN E DY D D Wi th an E x a m m a t i on of t h e O p in i on s of
.

vw
.
, .

Can on s Ch e yn e an d D r i e r D r D el i t zs ch t h e R e v G A , .
, . . .

S m i t h , an d o t h er s . Cr o n 8 v o , 2s . 6d .

Th e E p is t l e t o t h e G al at i an s By J MO
An ci en t Mer c h an t L e c t u r e f or J an u ar y ,
. . R G AN
18 95
GI B R ON
F ca p .
.

.
Th e
8 v o,
cl o t h el e g a n t , g il t t o p 2s 6d , . .

Th e E ar l i es t Ch r i s t i a n Hy m n .

6d
B y GE O R GE S . BA RR E TT , D D . .

P o tt 8 v o , cl ot h, g i l t t o p , 28 . .

Non con f or m i s t C h u rc h B u i l d i n g s . By J A M ES Co m m . Cl o th
li m p , 2S 6 d . .
 J A ME S CLAR K E AN D CO S .
’

2 / N et
*
T h e I n n e r M i s s i on P a m p h l e t s By J B P AT O N , MA D D
V o l u m es I an d I L , c l ot h b oar d s , 28
.
.

.
.

n et .
. . .
, . .

Th e C h u r c h a n d t h e N ex t G e n e r at i on
M A Cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h b oar d s 2s w .

n et .
B y R I CH AR D RO B E R TS ,

. . , .

Th e S t ory of J os e p h t h e D r e a m e r , t ol d b y Him sel f , a n d O th er

P oe m s By AL F E
c l o t h b o ar d s , 28 n et
. CA E S TA O LTON Cr o n
.
RD
8 v o,
.
P RB . w
Th e J u d g e s o f J e s u s : J u d as , An n as , P e te r , C a i ap h as , H er od ,
P il a te s Wi fe , P on t i u s P i l a t e B y R e v J G S TE E N S O N Cr o n
’
. . . . V . w
8 v o, cl ot h b o ar d s , 28 n e t . .

Th e V
Au th or of
t h e O l d Tes t a m e n t B y B E N A
al u e o f
Th e al u e o f t h e Ap o cr yp h a , ”
V
. R RD J S N E LL , M A
. . .

G ain or L e s s ?
850 . w
Cr o n 8 v o, cl o th b o ar d s , 2s n e t . .

Th e P u r pos e of t h e C r oss B y B G CO LLI N S Cr own 8 v o , . . . .

cl o th b o ar d s , 2s n et

Rw
. .

A t on e m e n t a n d P r o r e s s B y N E WTO N H MA S H AL L , M A . . .

”
P h D , Au t h or of
. .Th eol og y a n d Tr u t h Cr o n 8 v o , cl o th .

b o ar ds , 28 n et
D
.

D
.

Au t h or i t y a n d t h e Li g h t W i t h i n B y E WAR GR UD R , .

M A Cr own 8 v o, cl ot h b o ar d s , 29 n e t
. . . .

I d e a l s f or G i r l s B y t h e R ev H R H A W E I S , M A , Au t h or o f
. . . . . .

Mu s i c an d Mor al s N ew E d i t i on , cr ow n 8 v o, h an d s o m e l y
v
b ou n d in b e el l e d b o ar d s , gil t e d g e s , 2s n e t
.

. .

A b ook th at al l p aren ts sh oul d p l ace in the h an ds of th eir d aug hters .

Th e G l or i ou s C om p a n of t h e Ap os t l es . B e i n g S t u d i e s in t h e
Ch ar a c te r s o f t he wel v e B y the R ev . . J D J ONE S , M A ,
. . . .

B D . Cl o th b o ar d s , gil t t op , 28 n e t
. . .

Man y th i n k that a r eadab l e ser mon is a con trad i ction in t erms

th em r ea d th es e p g
a es an d d i scov er t h ei r mi s ta k e —
E xa mi ner
"
. Let

x
. .

Th e Mod e l P r ay e r . A S er i e s o f E p o s i t i o n s on t h e Lor d s ’

P r a y er B y R ev . . J. D J ON E S , M A
. B D . . . N e w E di t i on ,
cl o t h b o ar d s , gi l t t o p , 2s . n et.

M b r in gs a cu l tu red mi n d , a well stor ed memory , an d a g i ft

r . J on es
-

—
”
of sp Ir itu al I ns i g h t to th e I l l ust rati on of th e Lor d s Pr ay er
’
.

S wn d ay S chool Chr oni cl e .

.

2 /
Mor e
‘

S i mpl e C ook e r y Com p r is i n g Ta s t y D ish es an d

Tas t y D i s h e s .
.

”
v
O er 500 Te s t e d R e c e i p t s Cr o . w n 8 v o, cl o t h
b o ar d s , 2s .

A b ook th at sh ou l d b e in ev ery h ou seh ol d

M U
.

My B ap t i s m , an d W h at Le d t o i t . B y R ev J . A ES MO N T AI N .
Cr o w n 8 v o , cl ot h b o a r d s , 28 .

Ad r i f t t he B l ac k Wil d Ti d e A We ir d
S tr an ge an d
x on
E p er i en c e i n D r e am l an d , a n d a
”
B y J A ES J M
.

N a u t i c al
K e r s i on o f

A N E , G T Ch a p l a in , U S
Th e V
P i l gr i m s P r ogr e s s
’

v
. . . . . .

Na y Cl oth g il t , 2s
. .
 J AME S CLAR K E AN D CO S ’
.

2/
NE W S ERI E S OF C OP YR I GH T B OOKS
Cr o w n 8 v o, cl o t h g i l t , 2 3 .

*
W ov e n Lov e a n d G l o ry
of
Th e La s t of t h e M ac A l l i s t e r s
B y A E LI A E B A
B y A E LI A E B A
M M . RR RR . .

Th e B e a d s of Ta s m er B y A E LI A E B A . M
RM Y R RR RR .

. .
. .

A M or n i n g M i s t B y S A A H T TLE
. .

A S i st e r t o E s a u B y A E LI A E B A
T h e De b t ot t h e D a m e r a i s
.

B y B E S S I E MA CH AN T . R DR W . .

A Tow n Rom a n ce ; or , O n Lo n d on S t o n e s B y C C AN E S
A D au g h t e r of F i f e B y A E LI A E B A . M RR DD .
.

.
. . .

Th e P r i d e of t h e F a m i l y B y E TH E L F H E LE . . .

U n k n ow n t o He r se l f B y L A UR I E L A N S FE LD T
Th e S q u i r e of S a n d a l S i d e B y A E LI A E B A
.

M
M UR RR
. RR .
.

Th e B ow of O r a n g e Ri b b on B y A E LI A E B A . . .

T h e S co u r g e of G od By J B LO UN D E LL E B TON
D
-
. . .

Th e N e w M r s. Las ce l l es . B y L T ME A E
B R
. . .

M i ss De v e r e u x , S p i n s t e r . B y A G N E S G I E N E .
J an V
ed d e r s W if e
’
B y A E LI A E B AR . M R . .

Net
THE “FREED O M OF F A I TH S E R I ES
F ca p . 8 v o, 1 28 pp , h an d s om el y
. b o un d in G r ee n Lea t her , wi th
ch as te ( 16 n in g ol d . P r i ce 1 8 . 6 d . n e t .

Th e S i m p l e Th i n g s o f t h e C h r i st i an Li fe By G
CA M PB
E LL MO G A N R
D D , . .

Y R
. .

Th e W i d e n e ss of G od s M e r cy B y F B ME E , B A
’

Th e Let t e r s of C h r i s t B y R e v CH A L E S B O WN
.

D J ON E S , M A B D
.

. R . .

R .
. .

C h r i s t s P a t h w ay t o t h e C r oss By J
’

U
. . . . . .

T h e C r u c i b l e of Ex p e r i e n c e B y F A R S S E LL . . . .

Th e P a s s i on f or S o u l s B y J H J O W E TT , M A
V R RD
. . . . .

Th e a l u e of t h e A po cr y p h a B y B E NA J S N E LL , M A
K
. .

B y W L WA T I N S O N , M A
. .

I n s p i r at i on i n Co m m on Lif e
M
. . . . .

P r ay e r . B y WI LLI A WA T S O N , M A
V K
. .

A Re a so n a b l e i e w of Life B y J M B LA E , M A .

V R R
. . . .

Co m m o n -se n s e C h r i s t i an i t y B y C S I L E S TE HO N E , M A . . . .

Th er e are p r eciou s th in gs in ev ery v ol ume an d the S er i es d eserv es

su ccess .
"
—Du ndee A dverti s er .
,

C h at s w i t h
K YEN
W om e n on
Au th or o f A Q u e en of N in e D ays ,
ON ,
E v
n 8 v o,
e r y d ay S u b e c ts .j ”
By E
81 0 Cr o .
Dw I TH C .

cl o t h b o ar d s , l s 6d n et . . .

Fait h a n d For m An At tem p t a t a P l ain R e s t ate m en t o f Ch r i s

RY
-
.

t i an B el i ef in o f To D a y B y HE N
w
-
.

B A .Cr o n
. b o ar d s , l s 6d n e t . . .

Th e I n v i s ib l e Co m p a n i o n , a n d O t h e r S t o ri e s I on C h il d r e n ,
B y E WA D RDW ”LE WI S , M A , B D , A u th or o f Th e U n
. . . . .
.

es c a pe ab l e Chr is t , &c Cr own 8 v o , cl oth b o ar ds, l s 6d n et

. . . .
 CATALO GUE O F B OO K S

Net
*
Th e S c h ool of Ca l v ar y . B y J H J O WET T , M A , D D , Au th or
”
. . . .

w
.

S m al l cr o n 8 v o, cl oth
6‘
of Th e P ass i on f or S ou l s , &0 .

b oar d s , l s 6d n e t . . .

*
Th e Reaso n ab l en e s s of J es u s
w By F
Cr o n 8 v o , c l ot h b oar ds , 1 s 6d n e t .
.

.
R
.
AN KY . LE G GATT , MA . .

*
Th e M ak i n g of He a v en an d
V w He l l . By J
”
M B LAK E , . . MA .

w
.
,

Au t h or o f A R eas on ab l e ie o f Life , &0 S m al l . cr o n

8 v o , c l oth b oar d s , l s 6d n et . . .

‘
l d e al s i n S u n d ay S c h ool Te ac h i n g
B Sc
B y AL F E
Wi th F or e or d b y J H J O WE TT , w . RD H AN G .

D D
U S,

w
. . . . . .

Cr o n 8 v o , cl oth b o ar d s , 1S 6d n et . . .

*
N ot es
RUwBB on t h e Li fe an d Te ac h i n g of J e s u s B y E WA
Au t h or i t y a n d t h e Li gh t Wi th i n
. D RD
, M A , Au t h or o f
”
G . . .

Cr o n 8 v o , cl ot h b oar d s , l s 6d n e t , l im p cl oth , l s n et . . . .

Th e Hol y
b o a r d s,
S p i r it
l s . 6d
.

. n et .
By R . F . R M
HO TO N , . A D D . . Cl o th

Th e F a i t h
c l ot h
of a
b oar d s , l
W ay f a r e r
s. 6d .
.

n et .
By A R UR R TH P I N GL E . Cr o w n 8 v o,

J es u s or Ch r i s t ?
Au th or o f
B y R ev J
Th e N e w E a n ge l ,
”
A S CH A
v
. . R U R vM
W “ E , . A D P hi l . .

J esu s : Se en Q u es t i on s
w
Cr o n 8 v o , c l ot h b o ar d s , l s 6 d n et . . .
.

A B ap t i s t Man u al of t h e O r d e r A d m i n i s t r at i on of
an d a
Ch ur ch B y R ev J R WO O . . . .

6d
D an d S A E L CHI C MU
Cr o K . w n
8 v o, c l oth b oar d s , l s. . n et .

Man u al f o r Fr e e C h u r c h M i n i s t e r s Com p il e d b y R ev s G P
Uv D
G O L , M A , a n d J H S HA E S E A E , M A
. . A N ew an d
.

R e i se d E di t i on , c on t ain i n g a n O r d er f or t h e S ol e m ni s a t i on
. K
.

P R . .
. . .

o f Ma t r i m on y , a n O r d er f or t h e B u r i a l o f t h e D e a d , a n d a

ad d e d su i t a b l e H y m n s
v
F or m o f S e r i ce for t h e D e di c a t i on of Ch il d r e n , t o hi ch ar e
Cr o n 8 v o , c l o t h b oa r d s , l s 6 d n e t
. w w
. .

p as te g r a i n , r ou n d c or n er s , gi l t e d ge s , 2s 6 d n et . . .

Wh o W r ot e
Au th or o f
t he B ib l e B y WA S HI N GTO N G LA
Th e G r o win g R e el a ti on ,
”
&c N ew v DD EN , D D
an d ch e a
.

.
p
E di t i on , 256 p ages , cl o t h b o ar d s , l s 6d n e t . . .

Re ason s Why f or Co n g r eg at i on al i st s B y Re v J D J ON E S ,
MA . . B D
. . Cr o wn 8 v o, cl o t h b oar d s , l s 6d
.

. .
.

n et .
. .

U n g i l d e d G ol d ; N u g g et s f r om t h e
or ,
S el ected P ass a g es fr om th e B i b l e , ar r an g ed
i n g s Tr e as a l y
for D a i
K ’

ly
v
D e o t i on al R e ad i n g ( u n ifor m wi t h Th e 3 84 p a ges ,
s ilk g r a in cl o t h , g il t l et te r i n g , r ed ed g e s , l s 6d n e t , l e a t h er
x
b o e d , 2s 6d n et . . .
. .

Wome n
of
an d
“H ar
t h ei r
v es t
W or k
G l e a n i n gs ,
. By
”
MA R
“W
m
I AN N E FA
an d
R N I N GHA
t h ei r
M Au thor
,
”
v
o en S a i our
Cr o w n 8 v o, c l ot h b o a r d s , ls . 6d . n e t.
.
 J AME S CL AR K E AN D CO S
’
.

N et
*
Th e I n n e r M i s s i on Le afl e t s B y J B P AT O N , . . . MA . .
, D D . . Tw o
S er i es I n on e Vol u m e , c l oth , 1 S 6 d n et
U w
. . .

S un ny M e m or i e s of A u s t r al as i a . B y R ev W C . . FF . Cro n
8 v o, cl oth b oar d s . P or t r a i ts an d I l l us t r a t i on s . l s . 6d n e t. .

B r i t ai n
’
s Hop e , C o n c er n i n g t h e P r e s s i n g S oc i a l P r obl e m s

&c
U
B y J LI E S TTE , Au t h or
Cl ot h b oar ds , l s 6 d
U R of B r i t a in
’
S Ne x t Cam p ai gn ,
”
.

n et .

v
. . .

Se en P u zzl i n g B i b l e B ook s A S u p p l em en t t o Wh o Wr ote

th e B i b l e
w
Cr o n 8 v o ,
B y WA S H I N G TO N G LA
c l o t h b o ar d s , l s 6 d n et
EN
.

Ch e ap E d i t i on DD , .

DD
. . .

B ur n i n g Q u e s t i on s By WA S HI N G T O N GLA EN Che ap
E d I t i on Cr o w n
.

8 v o, c l oth , ls 6d n et .
.

R R w
. . .

Tr i al Tr i u m p h
an d B y R e v CH A LE S B O WN . Cr o n 8 v o, . .

cl o t h b oa r ds , I S 6 d n et . . .

Re for m i n S u n d ay S c h oo l Teach i n g B y P r ofes sor A S

PEA E K w
Cr o n 8 v o , cl ot h b oar d s , l s 6 d n et
.
.

. . .
. .

Th e F or g ot t e n S h e af A S er i e s o f A d d r esses t o Ch il d r en By
R e v D J LLE WE LL N
. . .
.

Y
Cr o n 8 v o, c l o t h b o ar d s l s 6 d n e t . w , .
.

. .

Let u s P r ay A H an d b o ok o f S el e ct e d Col l e c ts an d form s o f

R
H O N E a n d F HE
.

P r ayer f or th e U se of t h e F r e e Ch u r ch e s
E T D A R L ow , M A .
B y C S I L VE S TE
RB R
Cr o n 8 v o , c l ot h , . .
.

w . R
l s 6 d n et
v —
. . .

An in terestin g an d fas cin atin g ol ume London Quarterl y Revi ew . .

S t or e h ou se f or P r e ac h er s a n d Te ac h e r s A Tr e asur y o f
O u tl i n e Te
”
S e ed B as k e t , & c
x t s a n d S er m on s
.
B y J E LL I S , Au t h or of
&c .
Th e .

Cl ot h b o a r d s , 1s
.
.

6d
, . .

Wor d s
F R S
b y t h e W ay s i d e
Au th or of
B y GE O G E MA TH E S O N , D D , LL D
Le a e s for Q u i et H our s ,
”
Th ou gh ts v R . . .

,
. .

tor L ife S J o urn e y, & c N ew E di t i on O b l on g , cl ot h b oar d s ,

’ ’
. .

g il t top , I s 6 d . .

An c i e n t M u s i c al
l n s t r umen t s A p op u l ar Acc ou n t of t heir
v
D e el op m e n t , a s ill us t r a t e d b y Typ i cal E am p l es in t h e
B y WI LLI A fi
.

xx M
G al p in Col l e ct i on a t H a t el d B r o ad O ak E ss e
L NDY Lin en co er l s 6 d
. cl o t h , 2s v , .
,

.
.

Th e C h u r c h
w an d
8 v o,
the
c l ot h ,
K
l
i n g d om
6d
. By WA S HI N G TON GLA DD EN .
Cr o n s. .

This most in terestin g l ittl e b ook is heartil y wel come .

Race an d Re l i g i on . H ell en is t i c Th e ol ogy , i t s P l ace In Chr i s t i an

Th o u gh t . B y TH O M AS ALLI N , D D . . F c ap . 8 v o, l s 6d . .

Th e Ch i l d r e n ’
P ac e ; an d O t h e r Ad d r e sse s to Ch il dr en By
Rev . J . S .
s
MA V E R , MA . .
, o f P a i sl e y F c a p 8 v o , c l ot h , I S
. .
.

. 6d .

m Mav er th e k in d p u bl ish ed
‘

for some t i me .
—
h as p r od u ced on e of th e b es t b ooks
B an fishzre J ourn al .
of
 J AME S CLAR K E AN D CO S
’
.

1/ N et
*
A t t h e G at es t h e D aw n . B y F B ME E , B A Au th or of
T he Wid en ess o f G od s Mer c y,
’
of
&c F c ap 8 v o, cl oth
. . YR
.
.

b oar d s , I s n ot l ea th er , r ou n d cor n er s , 2S 6 d n et
. . . .

*
Th e Com f or t s of G od Le ct ur es on th e l 4 th Ch ap ter of S t J ohn
B y R GL O E
n et ; l ea t h er ,
. V R , D
D .
.

N ew a n d R e ise d E d i t i on
.

r ou n d c or n er s , 2s 6 d n e t .
v
. .
.
.

C l oth , l s
.

*
Th e Li f e , Fa i t h an d P r ay e r of t h e C h u r c h B y J B P AT O N , . . .

MA .D D .
, . .
, Au t h or o f App l ied Chr is t i an i t y, &0 Cl ot h .

b oar ds , l s . n et .

‘
P r ac t i ca l P oi n t s i n P op u l ar P r ov e r b s B y F A R E E S , Au t h or . . .

of P l a in T a lk s on P l ai n S u b j e c ts Wi th an I n tr od u c t i on b y
the
w R e v CHA S WI L LI A S , o f A ccr in gt on
. . P op ul ar E di ti on M .

. .

Cr o n 8 v o , cl o t h b oar d s , 18 n et . .

Th e G ar r i s o n e d S ou l . Medi t a ti on s P eace , P erfec t

on
P e ace ,
”
by C . E . P . AN T RM
A . F an cy c l o th , I s n ot . .

I t i s j us t th e s ort of b ook , ch as te an d b ea u t i f ul , con ten ts an d b in d in

al i k e tha t woul d mak e a p r et ty p r es en t on a b ir th d ay or a Ch ur ch f es ti v a
,
fi
I ts si ze an d i ts ty p e m ak e i t su i ta b l e al so to sen d to an i n v al i d I n d eed , .

i ts cheer i n g ch ap ters woul d to man y su ch , we ar e sur e, act li k e a ton i c,

an d b e an effi ci en t co-wor k er wi th th e p hysi ci an S hez7ield Tel egr ap h .
— .

Do We
F cap
N ee d
. 8 v o,
a N e w Th e ol og y ?
c l oth b o ar d s , l s . n et .
B y HA R D OL E . B R R IE LE Y .

Wom en an d t h eir S av i ou r . Th ou gh ts of a Mi n u te fo r a
Mon t h . B
” y& c
MA
Cl ot h ,
R I AN N E FA R N I N G HA M , Au th or of H ar v es t
G l ean i n gs , . n et ls . .

th ough ts of a min u te for a mon th morn in gs

—
'
h of the ou t
T es e ar e
pour in gs of an en t ir el y una ffected p i ety . Glasgow Her ald .

Reason s Wh y f or Fr ee C h u r c h m e n B y Re v . . J . D . J ONE S ,
MA . .
, B D S m all 8 v o, cl ot h b o ar d s, l s n e t
. . . .

Th e P r i c e
a p er co
of
v er s ,
P r i es t c r aft .
ls n et
B y H O WA
cl o t h , l s 6 d
RD
n et .
E VAN S . Cro wn 8 v o,
p ;
v v
. . .

We wish for i t
l ar g e
of r el i g i ou s fr eed om b ett er than
P r ess an d els ewh er e B ri ti sh
a

.
—
ery cir cul ati on .

Weekl y
.
N 0 on e has ser ed th e cause
Mr H owar d E ans b y his labours in th e
.
v
P l a i n Ta l k s
Re vv B y R ev
. E B A E , of Cap e t own , Au t hor of
i al s o f t h e B i b l e ,
”
.

”
R e t ur n of t h e Lor d , & c
.

Cr own
K R .

8 v o , p a p er , I S . n et .

C h r is t i an B ap t i s m : I t s S i g n if i c an c e an d i ts S u b j e c ts . By
. B R
J E R O E T S , M A , B D Cr o n 8 v o, cl o t h b oar d s, l s n et.
. . . . w .

S u n d ay Af t e r n oon S on g B ook , w i t h Tu n e s . Co m p il ed b y
A K E N N E D Y an d R D
. . . ME TCA L FE . ls . n et Words on l y,
.

1 2s 6 d p e r h un d red n et
. . .

Th e airs h av e b een s el ected an d ar ran g ed un d er the edi torshi

R D Met cal fe an d ad d so mu ch to th e v al u e of th e col l ect i on
. . , at t hi s
e d it i on wi l l eas I l y s u p ers ed e al l oth ers an d v e th e wor k a n ew p op ul arity
wi th choral soci eti es an d oth ers i n terested chur ch mu s i c E — .

The S cotsman .
 CATALOG UE O F B OO K S

1/
*
Th e Me r r y
N E I L S ON ,
A n i m al P i ct u r e B ook
J A S HE HE
. a n.d LO
P i ctu r es b y HA
I S W AP RDw
I N i t h S t or
B
i es
.

U w RRY .

, ,

i n Ve rse a n d P r ose Cr o n 4 t o, col ou r ed p ap er b oar d s ,

v ar n i sh ed , l s .
.

Ho l i d ay s i n A n i m al La n d
J A S H E HE P RD an d
.

LO U P i c t u res b y H A
I S WAI N
B N E I LS O N ,
Col our ed p ap er b oar d s ,
RRY .

v
.
, .

arn i sh e d , l s .

A n i m a l P l ayt i m e
HA RRY P i c t ur es b y J A S HE HE
B N EI LS O N , & c ,
.

i th S tor i es in w . . P RVD ,

er se an
LO U IS WAI N
d P r ose
,

Col ou r ed p aper b o ar ds ,
.

arn i s h ed , l s v .

.
.

A n i m al (l a m b ol sCo mi c al P i c t ur es o f An i m al s d r awn b y
L O UI S WAI N , HA
w B
.

o t h ers , i t h S t or i es in
N E I LS O N , J A S HE H E RRY an d
V
Cr own 4 to , c ol our ed ,
. . . P RD
erse an d P r ose

p ape r b o ar d s , a rn is h ed , l s v .
.

F i re s i d e Fa i ry Ta l es F u ll o p p r o p r i a t e P i c t ur es Cr own 4to,
v
. .

c ol o u r ed b o ar d s, ar n i s h ed , ls
p ape r .

Ou t l i n e
V
DA I D S ON ,
Tex t
A u t h or of
Les s on s f or J C l as se s
u n i or
K in d er g ar te n B i b l e
,
. B y G LA
S tor i es ,
”
&0
S DY .

F c ap 8 v o ,
. cl o t h b o ar d s , l s .

Th e b ook is si mp l e an d p r act i cal , an d will be foun d sugg estiv e an d

h el p ful b y teach ers .
”
—S u nd ay S chool Chroni cle .

G ol d e n Tr u t h s f or Y ou n g Fol k By J E LL I S , A u t h or of . .

B y Way of I ll us tr a
” ”
Th e S e e d B as k e t , T ool B as k e t ,
t i on ,
”
&c . w
Cr o n 8 v o, cl ot h b oar d s , I S .

”
Useful , d irect an d easi l y un d erstood set Of tal ks o ch il dr en
t— .

B riti sh Weekl y .

HO W t o Re ad t h e B i b l e H in ts for S un d a y
Teac h e rs sch o ol
D Y
-
.

an d O t h er B i b l e S t u d en ts B y W F A E N E , M A , P rin ci p al. . . . .

o f L an cas hi r e Co ll e g e , Man c h es te r , A u t h or o f Th e B ib l e S to r y
R e t ol d ,
Th ou s an d
”
83 0 N ew an d
Cl o t h b o ar d s , I S
.R e i sed E di ti on N in eteen t h v .

. .

A m ost ad mir abl e l i t tl e work We kn ow of n o book which d eal s wi th .

th is su b j ect so cl ear l y an d a d eq u at el y wi thi n so sm all a comp ass I t sI ks

Hi n ts for S u n d ay sch ool Teach er s an d oth er ib l e B
.

of i ts elf m od es tl y as

s tu d y of
,
”
th e cl er gy —The Gu ardi an
v
S t u d en ts b ut i t i s on e of th e er y f ew man u al s wh i ch ar e well wor th th e
’
-

R
. .

Heal t h an d Hom e N u r s i n g B y Mrs LE S S E LS MA TH E , H e al t h

. .

Le c t u r er t o t he N or t h um b e r l an d Cou n ty Co un cil F ca p 8 v o , . .

cl o t h, i s .

A b ook be in ev er y househol d
t h at s h o ul d
Co n ta in s .

ch a p te rs on Th e Car e of t he I n v al i d , Hom el y Lo ca l A li

t he Tee t h,
,

e
v
t i on s F eedi n t h e I n ali d , I n f ec t i on an d D is in f ec t i on ,
V
al u e o f F oo d s , I n u en za , i ts Ca uses an d
p ca
ar e of
fl
v
P re en t i on Con s u m p t i on , i ts Ca uses an d P r e en t i on , D i ges t i on
,

an d I n di ges t i on , H e ad ach es , H om e N ur sin g o f S i c k Chil dr e n ,

v
Wh at to 0 t il l the D oct or Co m es , H abi ts in Rel ati on t o
He al t h, e He al t h of t he To n D el l er w w .
 J AME S CLA R K E AN D CO S
’
.

1/

A Re l i g i on t h at W i l l We ar A L aym an ’
s Con fe ssi on of F ai t h
Ad
8 v o,
d t o A gn os t i cs b y
cl ot h b o ar d s , l s .
.

a S C O TTI S H P R BY R ES TE I AN . Cr o n w .

He l ps t o Hea l t h an d B ea u t y Tw o H un d r ed P r a ct i c al P r e
.

s c r i p t i on s by a P h a rm a ce u t i c al Ch em is t .

Th i s l i ttl e book con tai ns two hu n dr ed p r acti cal p r es cr ip ti on s or for mul ae

for r ep ar at i on s for t h e h ai r , h an d s , n ai l s , f eet , s k i n , teeth , an d b ath , i n
P
ad d ti on to p erf u m es , i ns ect i ci d es , a n d m ed i cam en ts for v ar i ous ai l m en ts .

As far as poss i b l e te ch n i cal l an gu ag e is av oi d ed , an d th e di r ecti ons are cl ear

an d con ci se
”
.
—
P har maeeul i cal J ourn al .

Mor n i n g , N oon an d Ni g h t .

v w
By R F H O TON , M A
. . R . ., D D. .

F cap 8 v o, p a r chm en t c o er i th g ol d l e t t e r in g , l s
v
. .

Deepl y su g g es ti e, an d as ear n es t as i ts fan ci es

—D
ar e p l eas i n g an d
u nd ee A dverti ser
q u ain t .
.

Way s i d e An g e l s , an d O t h e r S e r m on s B y W K B R FO , . . . U RD
Mi n i s te r of th e Wi ck er Con gr eg ati on al Chu r ch , S heffiel d .

P ot t 8 v o, cl ot h , l s .

Tas t y D i s h es
w A Ch oi ce S el e c t i on of Tes te d R e c ip e s , sh o in g
.

v
h a t w e c an h a e for B r e ak f as t , D in n er , Te a an d S u p p e r
w
.

I t i s d esi g n e d for p eop l e of m o d er a te m e an s wh o d es ir e

v
t o h a e p l e a san t an d
a n d t h e ir fr i en d s
v
ar i e d en t e r t a in m en t f or t h em s e l e s
I t i s a b ook o f g en u i n e an d te s t e d i n f orm a
v
t i on . N e w E di t i on
l 30th Th ous an d
Th or ou g hl y r e i sed an d b r o u g h t u p t o
Cr o n 8 v o, l s
.

w v
d ate . . .

N 0 h ome ou g ht to b e wi th ou t thi s timel y, useful an d p racti cal famil y

fri en d
” —
B ri ahton Gazette
. .
,

More Ta s t y Di s h es A B o ok of Ta s t y , E con om i c al , an d Te s te d
R ec i pes
m en t to
.
.

I n cl u d in g a S e c t i on on I n al i d Cook er y
T a s t y D is h es
”
N ew E di t i on
A S u pp l e
P r i ce I s
v .

v x
. . .

E ery r ec i p e is th at th e most in e p er i en ced cook coul d

so cl earl y state d
foll ow th em an d mak e da in ty d i sh es at a smal l cost
”
P ea rson s Weekl y — ’

v
The r eci pes g i en hav e b een car eful l y tr i ed an d n ot b een foun d wan tin g "
.

.
.

Tal k s t o Litt l e Fol k s A S er i es o f S h or t Ad d r ess es B y Re v

J . C CA
. R LI LE . Cr o
.

w
n 8 v o , ar t ell u m , l s v .
. .

No on e wh o th i s b ook can r eas on ab l y d ou b t th at Mr Car l il e is

r ea ds .

m as ter of th e d i ffi cu l t ar t of cat ch i n g an d su sta i n i n g th e I n ter es t of y oun g

H e i s wi se en ou g h to d i sp en se Wi th t h e p r each er s fr am ewor k, tex ts ,
q
’
e0p l e .

t r od u cti ons , & c , an d at on c e h e ar r ests at t en ti on b y a d ir ect u esti on or a

—
.

Li ter ary World

”
b r i ef story . .

Ol i v e r Cr om w e l l
w
Ho e , ”
By R F H O T O N , D D , Au th or of
.

Th e T e a c hi n g o f J esus ,
”
&c , &0
J oh n
.

S i t h E di t i on
. R .
. .

. x .

N in e t een th Th o us an d . l s.

Worthy a pl ace i n th e li br of ev e Chr is ti an stu d en t .

"
 J AME S CLAR K E AND CO S .
’

“
l l a

S MALL B O O KS ON G REAT S U B J EC TS
( CH E A P D E I TI O N )
B oun d in red cl ot h , ls . e a ch .

S oc i a l W or s h i p an E v er l as t Th e S h i p of t he S ou l By
i n g N ec ess i t y
CL I F F O D D
B y J O HN
RD . S TOP F OB D A B . R K OO
.

E, MA . .

Fai t h an d S e l f -S ur ren d er
, . .

Th e Ta s t e of De at h a n d t h e By J A M ES M R A TI N E A U ,

Li fe of G r ace By P T D D . .
, D CL . . .

FO RYS TH , MA .
.

.
, D D . .
. .

M art i n e au
l i g i on B y R I CHA
’
s S t udy of
RD Re
A
Wor l d RM R . .

Th e Con q u e r e d By
R . F . HO R T ON , MA . .
.

D D . .

Th e
A S T ON G

K
i n g d om of t h e
.

Lor d
Th e C h r i st i a n Li f e By J es u s B y AL E XA N DR E A
R
. .
.

Ar ch d e a con S I N C LA I . MA C K E N N AL , D D . .

6 11 . N et .

S OCI AL Q U E S TI O N S OF THE D AY

S ix B ook l e ts by J . B . P A TON , MA . D D . .

P ri ce 6d . n et .

I . Th e U n e m p l oy a b l e an d t h e Un e m p l oy e d .

2 . A pp l i e d Ch r i st i a n i t y .

3 . C o u n t e r - at t r a c t i o n s t o t h e P u b l i c - h ou s e .

4 S eco n d a r y E d u c at i o n f or t h e I n d u s t r i a l Cl a s se s , & c
5
.

. C on t i n u a t i on S c h ool s f r o m a Hi g h e r P oi n t o f i ew V .

6 . How t o Res t or e t h e Y e o m a n p e a s a n t ry of E n g l a n d .

Th e si x B o ok l e ts i n c ase , p r i ce 3 S .

Th e B i r t h d ay of Hop e By J D J ON E S MA I ll us B D
t r a te d P r i n ted
6d n et
.
.

on ar t
. .

p a pe r ,
w w ,

i t h fan cy c o er a n d
. .
, . .

v
r i b b o n, . . P a d d ed hi te cl oth , l e t ter i n g in gol d ,
b ox ed , l s 6 d n e t . . .

Th e S h i p ’
s En g i n e s A P a r ab l e
v B y t h e l a te T
v CA MPB E LL
Y
. . .

FI N LA D D
S ON , . . In e l l u m c o er 6d n e t , . .

J H J OWETT says I am so gl ad y ou ar e iss u

A
REV th e art i cl e i n th e
g
. . .

sh a p e of t h e l i t tl e bookl et I am su r e i t wil l b e v er y h el p to many p eop l e,

.

an d will b ri n g l i g h t an d l ea di n g t o man y b ewil d er ed soul s .

6 d.
E n g l an d
’
s D an g e r .
M M F H O T ON , M A , D D
By R P r i ce 6d . . R Y R . . . . .

Co n te n ts R O AN I S A N D N ATI O N A L D E CA ; S T P E TE AN D
TH E R O C
P UR
G A TO
KRY RU; R
T TH ; P O TE S T AN TI S HOL SC I T E M Y R P UR .

G oo d fi g h t i n g d i scou rses Th ey con ten d th at R oman Catholi cis m h as .

ru i n ed ev er y cou n try i n w h i ch i t p r e vai ls , an d con tr ov ert th e l ea di n g

pos i ti ons tak en b y R oman t h eol og i ans S cotsman . .
—
 C ATALO GUE O F B OO K S

6 d .

S I X P E N N Y S E RI E S
’
CLA RKE S
D em y 8 v o , P a p e r Co v e r s.

Mar g ar et Tor r i n g t on B y E M A J AN E WO R B O I S E M
v R
. .

B et w ee n Tw o Lo es B y A E LI A E B A R M
R R Y
. . .

S t u d i es of t h e S ou l B y J B I E LE , B A . . . .

V i ol et Va u g h an By E A J AN E WO R R OI S E MM
RR
. .

Th e B ow of O r a n g e Rib b on B y AM E LI A E B A . . .

T h e F o r t u n es o f C y r i l D e n h a m . B y E M A J AN E WO R B O I S E M
V M RR
.

e d d er s W i f e B y A E LI A E B A
’
J an . . .

S t B ee t h a s
’
By E A J A N E WO
.
RR OI S E MM .

M
.

A D a u g ht e r of Fi fe B y A E LI A E B AR R . . .

v
O u r s e l es an d t h e U n i e rs e By J B IE v . . R R Y LE .

4 d . N et

Hol y C h ri st i an E m i r e B y R e v P R I N CI P AL F O RS Y TH M A D D
.

w v
. .
, . .,

of H ac kn ey Co eg e , H am ps te ad . Cr o n 8 v c , p aper co er ,
4d n et .
.

R i ch in n ob l e th ou ght , in hi gh p u rp ose , i n faith an d in cour ag e E er y

sen ten ce tel ls , an d th e wh ol e ar gu men t mov es on war d to i ts gr eat con cl usion
. v .

D r F ors y th h as p u t th e argu men t for mi ss ions in a way th at wi ll n erv e

.

an d i ns p ir e th e Ch ur ch s work ers at h ome an d ab r oa d for fr es h sacr ifi ce

’ ”
.

Th e U n i q u e Cl as s C h art an d Re g i s t e r . B y R ev J H . . .

R I D D E TTE S pe c i a ll y ar r an g ed an d a b s o l u tel y in d is p e n sa b l e
.

fo r k ee p in g a com p l e te r ecor d of t h e sc h ol ars accor di n to

q
t h e r e u i r e m en ts of t h e Me ggi t t S chem e of S un d a y S e ool
v
-

R e form Lin en co er , 4 d n et
. . .

3 d . N et
S c h oo l Hy m n s , f or S c h ool s an d Mi s s i on s Wor ds on ly
Com p il ed b y E . H MA O G N N
. Y U . Cl o t h l im p , 3d ;
.

. cl oth
.

b o ar d s , 6d ; m usi c , 3 8 . .

2d . Net
Th e S u n d ay Aft ern oo n S on g B ook 13 7 H ym n s . Con tain in .

F or u se a t P l e san t S un d a y Afte r n oon s , an d O t h

a
g :s C o m p 1l e d b y H A E N N E , o f t h e Men s.
er
’
. K wD Y
S u n d a y U m on , S te pn ey Mee t i n g H ouse T en ti e th Th o u s an d , .

2d . m us i c , l s .

Con tai ns 1 3 7 h ymns , th e catholi c character of whi ch , in th e b es t sense

of th e t er m, may b e g a th er ed fr om th e names of th e au th ors whi ch in cl u d e
Ten n yson , Eb en ezer El li ot t , Whi tti er , G H er b er t, 0 Wes l ey Th omas
,

. .

Wh 1l e th e p ur el y
,

Hu gh es , J H N ew . man Lon ell ow, B onar , an d oth ers

.
, .

d ogmati c el emen t i s l arg el y a cu t , th e Chn s ti an l i fe in i ts forms of as ira~ ,

ti on , str u g g l e ag a i n s t em an d l ov e for th e tr ue an d th e good , ls wel l

Wor l d
,
”
trated . Li ter ary ,
 J AME S CLAR K E AN D CO S .
’

I n d ex of Ti t l es
P AC E
Ab bey Hi ll , The 17 B ap t is m
Ad rfi t on t he B l a ck Wil d Ti d e 16 Chris t ian Cer t i tu d e
‘

Am er i c a i n th e E as t
.

C hr is t i an Li fe T he
,

An c i e n t Mu si ca l I n st ru men ts 20 Chr is ti an of To d ay, The

An ge ls of G od , The 21 C h r is ti an Wor l d P u l p i t , T he
An i m al G am b ol s . 23 Ch ri s ti ani t y i n Comm on S p eec h
An i m al P h Yt i m e 0 o o 23 Ch ry s t ab e l
An n e Ki ll igr ew Chu r ch an d Mod ern Li fe , The
Ap oc al yp t i ca l Wr ite rs , The Ch u r c h a n d t h e K i n g d o m , Th e
Mess a ges of t h e 11 Chu r ch an d t h e N ex t G en e r a
Ap os t l e s , Th e Mes s a ges of t h e 11 t i on , Th e
Appli ed Chr is t ian i t y 26 Ch u r ch Q u es t i on s of our Ti m e
As p e c ts o f t h e S p i ri t u al Ci n d ere l l a 3,
As q u i t h , Th eR i gh t H on H H . . Ci t y o f D e li gh t , The
MP
. C om for ts of G od , Th e
At t h e G ates of t h e D awn 22 C om m on Lif e, Th e
At o n em e n t an d P r ogr ess 16 C om m on -se n se Ch ri s t i an i t y
A t on em en t i n Mod ern Th ou gh t , C on q u e r e d Wor l d , Th e
Th e Con n eri n g P r ayer
Au n t A g a t h a An n 25 Con t i n u a t ion S c h ools fr om a
Au t h ori t y t h e Li gh t Wi t hi n
A w e of t h e N ew Cen t u r y , Th e .
16
25
H i g h er P oin t of i ew
Cou n ter a t t r a c ti on s to
V
the
B ap t i s t H an d b o ok , The 15 P u b l i c -h ous e
C ou r a g e of t he C ow ar d , Th e
B ap t is t Ma n u al of t h e O r d er
Cr u ci b l e of E x p eri en ce , Th e
a n d Ad mi n i s t r a t i on o f a
Ch u r c h , A 19 D au gh te r of Fi fe, A l l , 1 8,
B arr ow , H en r y , S e a r a tis t D eb t of t h e D a m er ai s , T he
B e a ds of T as m er , l l, 18
B e t w ee n Tw o L o es
e
v
B i b l e D efin i t i on of R eli gi on ,
1 1, 27
D i v in e S a t i s f a c t i on , T h e
D o We N ee d a N ew Th eol ogy 1
D u t ch in t h e Med w a y , Th e
Th e 25
E ar l i er P r Op h ets , Th e Mess ages
Bir t h d ay o f H Ope , Th e 26
of t h e
B i s h op a n d t h e C at e r p il l ar Th e 25
E ar li es t Chr is ti an Hym n , Th e
,

B l ac k F am i li ars , The 4, 17
B or d er S h ep h er d ess A 11 E ar l y P u p il s of t h e S p i ri t
,

B ow of O ra n g e R i bb on , Th e E d u c a t i on o f a S o u l , T he
E m i li a s I n h er i tan ce
’

1 8, 27 ’
E n gl an d s D t
B ri t ain s H o 20
gg
’

E pi s tl e t o th al a ti an s , Th e
B ru d en el l s o E t u d e , The 17
B u rn i n g Q u es ti ons 20 E s t h er Wyn n e l l ,

t e rn a l R eli g i on Th e
Can on b u r y H ol t
C art oon s of S t Mar k .
17 vv ,

Ch al l en ge , Th e
Ch a r ac t er t h r ou gh I n sp i r a t i on
Ch ats w i t h Wom en on E e r y
d ay S u b jec t s
Ch i l d r en s P a c e , T h e
’
E a n g eli c al H e te r od ox y
E ol u t i on of O l d Tes t am en t
14 R e li g i on , T h e
v 21 x
E p os i t i on , The Ar t of
E z e k i e l , T h e B o ok of
. 18
0 F ac es in t h e Mis t .

F ai t h an d F or m
Ch i l d ren s P au l , Th e 17
V
’

v
Chr is t an d E er y d ay Li fe
Chr i st o f t he Ch i l d re n , Th e
13
17
F ai t h an d er i fi c a t i on

F ai t h of a Way fa r er , Th e
C hr is t t h at is T o B e T h e 10 F ai t h t he B eg i n n i n g S e l f -S u r
v
.
,

re n d er t h e F ul fi lm e n t , of
Chris t , Th e P ri at e R el a t i on
sh t h e S p i r i t u al Life 2 1,
Chris t 21 F am il y P r a yers for Morn i n g U se
Christ s P athway t o t he Cr os s
’
18 F at her F ab i an
 J AME S CLAR K E AN D CO S .
’

P A GE P A GE
Mar tin eau ’
s S tu dy of R eli gi on P r act i cal P oin ts in P op ul ar

Mau d B o l i n g b r ok e 12 P r ayer
v
P r o er b s

Mer ry An i m d P i ctu re B ook , P r achin g to t h e Ti m

The
e
23 P ri ce of P r iest c r af t , The
Hp
.

Messa ges of o e . 8 P r i d e of t h e F am i l y Th e
Mes s a g es The
,

of t he Bi b l e , l l P r ob l ems of I mm an en ce
Mi l l i c e n t Ken d r ick l l ,
17 P r o b l e m s of L i v i n g
Min is t ry of t he Mod ern P r op h e i c al an d P r i es t l y
t
Chu r ch, The 13 t ori an s , Th e Mess ages of
v
Mi ss D e er eu x S p in s te r
Mod el P r a y er , Th e
,
.

18
16
P s alm is ts , Th e Mess a g e s of t h e
. 11
11
P u r p ose of t he Cr oss , Th e 16
Mod ern Mi n or P r op h e ts 12
Q u i c k en i n g of C al i b an , Th e 10
Mod ern Theo r i es o f S in . 7 Q u i et Hin ts to G r ow in g
More T as t y D is h es 24 P r e ach ers in My S t u d y 12
Morni n g an d E v en i n g Cri es 15
R ace an d R e li gi on 20
Morn in g Mi s t , A
Mor n i n g , N oon , an d N i ght
. 18
24
R e as on ab l e V i ew of Life , A
R eas on ab l en ess of J es us, Th e
18
19
Morn i n gt on Lec tu re , Th e
W
5
.

R e as ons h y for C on gr eg a
Mr Mon t m oren cy s Mon ey
.
’

ti on ali st s
My B ap t is m 16
Re as ons Why for F ree Chur ch
My B eli ef l 8
My N ei gh b ou r an d God m en
14
R eform in S l
v
N ew E an gel , Th e
N ew Mrs L ascell es , Th e
13
18
T e ac
S un d ay ch oo

.
R e l i gi on an
N ew Tes tam en t i n Mod ern R el igi on an d
S pe eCh , The o 0 o R e li g i on of J esu s , T h e
N in et ee n H un d red o o R eli g i on t ha t wil l Wear , A
N ob l y B orn
N on c on f or m1s t Churc Bu i l d h Th e 15
i n gs 15 R i gh ts of Man , The 4
O l d P i ct ures i n Mod er n F r am es R ise of P hil i B arre t t , Th e
'

21
O li v er Cr om w ell R ob ert Wre or d s D au g h t er
’
24 11
v
O li er Wes t w ood
O u r Ci t of G od
17
9
R oge rs , J G u in n ess
.

R om e fr om t h e I n si d e
2
25
O u r Gir R oseb u d An n u al , Th e
’
C ook ery 25 6, 12
v
O u rse l es an d t h e U n i v erse 9,
O u t li n e T ex t Less on s f or
27 R ose of a H un d r ed Le av es , A
R u li n g I d eas of t h e P rese n t
. 4

J u n i or Cl asses A8 9
v
O er d al e S c ep t r e Wi t h ou t a S w or d , T he 25
P ass i on f or S ou l s , Th e
P a ton , J B M A , D D
. . . . .
S ch ool of Cal ary, The
S c h ool H ym n s
v 1 2,
19
27
P a ul an d Ch r i s t in a S c ou r g e of G od , Th e 18
P a u l , Th e Me ss ages of S c u l p t ors o f Life 13
P e ar l D i ers of v
Th e
R on c ad o r
lo
S ec on d ar y Ed u ca t i on for t he
I n d us t ri al Cl as s es , & c .

h
,

P ers on ali t y of J 6 8 119 , T e 12 S erm on I l l us t ra ti on , The Art

Pil ot , Th e 14 0f
Pl ain Talks .
P oe m s . B y Mm e Gu y on
22
12
v v
S e en P uzzli n Bi b l e B ook s
S h e L o ed a ail or
P oe m s o f Ma c k en zi e B ell , The 14 S hi p of t h e S ou l , Th e
P ol yc hr om e Bi b l e , Th e S hi p s E n gin es T he
’
2, 3 ,

P op u l ar Ar en t for t he S i d elig h ts on N ew Tes ta m en t

U n i t y 0 I sai ah , A R e s e arc h
P op u l ar H is t or y of t h e F ree S i d eli g h ts on R el i gi on
Ch u r ch es , A I4 S i m p l e C ook er y
P r ac ti c al L ay P re achi n g an d S i m p l e Th i n gs of t h e Chris ti an
S p eak in g t o Men 14 Li fe. Th e 0
 CATALOG UE OF B OO K S

P A GE
S in gl eh u rs t Man or l l, 17 Th om ycr oft H al l
S iss i e 1 1, 17 Th ou gh t s f or Li fe s J
S is ter t o E s au , A Th r ou gh S ci en ce t o F ai t h
S m all B ook s on G reat S u b jec t s T ool s an d t h e Man
2 1, 26 T ow n R om an c e A ,

S ocial Q u es t i ons of t he D ay 26 Tr an sfi gu r ed Ch u r ch , Th e
S oci al S a l a ti on v
S oc i al Wor shi p an E er last i n g v T r i a l a n d Tri u m p h
Tru e Ch r is t , Th e
N eceS S i y 2 1, 26 T yp e s of Ch ris t i an Life
S on gs of J oy an d 13
S q u i r e of S an d al S i d e T h e
S t B ee t h a s
’
. 27
S tor eh ouse f or P reachers an d
Te a ch er s
S t or i es o f O l d 1

S t or y of C on r eg at i
é ur re y , g
l

VV a l u e of t h e A p ocr yp h a , Th e .

S tor
fig
J osep h th e of t he Ol d Tes ta m en t
y
r
al u e
Vi d
S t ory o f P en el ope Th e
S t O I Y f t h e E n g li sh B a t i st s ,
'
: VV il
ig , 1 1, 1 7,

T 9 g p oi ce

S tu di es 1 t h e S ou l
“

9 9, 27
S u n d ay Af te r n oon S on B ook
g

Sun d ay Morni n g Talk s wi t h Web of Ci rcu m st an ce Th e ,

B oys Gi r l s
an d 15 Wes t min s te r S erm on s
S u n n y Mem ori es of Au str al asi a 20 Wh o Wr ot e t h e Bi b l e 1
S u p re m e Ar g u m en t for
ti an i ty , Th e Th e

T al e of a Tel h on e , A
W
T al k s t o Li t e F olk s
T as t e of D e at h an d t he Life of
Wom en an d t h eir S a i ou r
Wom en an d t h eir Wor k
v
G race . Th e
Wor ds b y t h e Waysi d e
24 Wor ki n g Wom an s Lif e A ’

T h eol ogy an d Tr u t h
15
v
Wo en of Lo e an d G l ory v ,

1 1,

T h e o p h i l u s Tr in a l Mem o r i a l s o f Y Man ’
I d e al , A
Thi n gs Most S u rel y B eli e ed
,

v . 13 Y
ou n g
ou n g Man ’
s
s R eli gi on , A

I n d ex of Au t h ors

Ab b ot t , Lym an 4 ,
P A GE
8 B ar ret t , G S . .
P A GE
15 B ri er l ey, H E . .
P AGE
22
Ad en ey , W F 8, . . 23 B ar r ow s C H , . . 12 B r i e r l ey , J 6 , . 27
Ak ed , C F . . 9 B eck e, Lou is 10 B ri ggs, C A . . 5
Al li n , T . 20 B ell , Ma c k en zie 1 4 B r oo k e , S t O p f or d
An d om , R . . 10 B en n e t t W H , . . 3 A . 21 . 26
An d r ew s C C , . . 18 B e n vi e An d r ew
, 6 B r ow n , C 6, 18 ,
. 20
An gu s , A H . 19 B et ts , C H . . 1 0, 13 Bu r for d , W K . . . 24
An t r a m , o E P . . . . 22 Bl ak e, J M . 18 ,
. 19 B ur gi n , I sa bel 4
Ar ms t r on g , R . A . B l oun d ell e -B u r ton , C a m p b e ll , R J . . 8
J . 18 C ar li l e J C , 9 . .
, 24
B ak e r , E 22 B osw ort h , E I 13 C ar m an , B lis s 5
B ar r , Am el i a E
.

. B r adf or d , Am ory H
5,
. .

9
v
Ca e , D r
Ch i c k , S
.

.
8
19
 J AME S CLAR KE AN D C ATA LO G U E
’
CO S .

P A GE P AG l “
Cl e al , E E J e fis, H 6 , 7, 1 2 , P u l s for d J oh n
2
. .
,

Ol i ffo r d , J ohn 1 0, 1, 14 R e es F A . . .

C ol l i n s , B G . . J ohn , Gr iffi t h R eid , J .

Cr o c k e t t , S R 3 , . . J on es , J D 8 13 , . . , R i c k et t , Sir J .

Cl l b i t t , J am es 0 1 6, 1 8 1 9 , 22 , , C o m p t on 1 0,
Cu ff” W . .I o w et t J H 6 , 1 8 ,
, . . 19 R i d d et t e, J H . .

D arl ow , F H Kan e, J am es J R ob a r t s , F H
v
D a id s on , G l ad ys
D od s , Mar cus 8
. .

.
Ken n ed y, H A 22 ,
Ken n ed y , J oh n
.
.

. R o b er t s , J E
R ob er t s , R
.
.

.
.
.

E l i as , F . Ken t , 0 F . . R o g er s , J Gu in .

E ll i s , J Ken yon , E d i t h C
v
E an s, H
.

F ar n i n gh am , Mar i
. . L an s fe l d t L
L a Tou ch e , E D
, .

.
.

.
n es s

R u s s el l , F A
S a b a t i er , A
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.
.

Lee W T S an d e rs F K
’

Y
an n e , . . . , .

5, 19, Le gg at t , F . . S c h r en c k , E v on .

F a rr ar , D e an Le wi s , E W . . S c o t t i s h P r es b yt e
F i nJ a ys on , T Cam p Ll e w e ll yn , D J r i an , A

b e ll
F i s k e, J .
.

L y all , D a i d
L yn ch , T T
4, v
. .
. .

.
S h a k e sp ea r e , J H
h ep h er d , J A .
.

F ors yt h , P T . . L yn d , Wi ll i am 0 in c l an , Ar chd e a
‘

8, Mac fad yen D , . 0 c on 2l ,

F rem an tl e , D e an . Mac far l an e, Ch ar l es S m yt h , N ewm an
Fu r n ess . H H . . M I n tyre , D M
‘
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G i b b on , J Mor g a Mac k en n al , A1ex
p
.

an d er 2 1,
'
S te u ar t , J A
G i b ern e, Agn es
G l ad d en , Was hi n gt on
Man n ers , Mar y E
Mar ch an t , B essi e
. S te v en s on
13
.
.

,
J .
.

G .

8 , 19 . Mar ch a n t , J S t ew ar t , D M
v
G l o er , R
G od e t , P r ofessor
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Mars h all , N H 5,
, .

.
.

.
S t u a r t D u n c an
,

S u t t er , J ul i e
. .

G o r d on , Ge or g e A . Mar t in e au , J as . 2 1, S w an , F R . .

G ou l d , G P . . Mason , E A . . S w e t en h am L .

G r een h ou gh, J C Mat h er , L ass el s T a r b ol t o n , A C

?
. . .

1 Ma t h es on , G e or g e T h om as , H Ar n ol d .

8 , 1 4 , 20 T oy, C H
G r iffit h -J on es , E
16,
. 5, v
Ma er , J S
Me ad e L T
. .
,

18
Ty m ms , T V
.

Tyn an , Ka t h arin e
.

. .

G ru b b . E 0 , . .

G un n , E H M. 1 2, Met cal fe , R D T yt l er , S
G u y on , Mad a m e
. .

Mey er , F B
Mi c h ael , C . D
18 , .
.

.
.

VVa rl e y

e i tc h
,
R
H .

H arna ck , P r ofes sor . 70

H a r r is , J R en d el . Mil l er , E li z a b eth Wai n , Loui s 2 3Q
Hau p t , P . Min sh al l , E . Wal for d , L B 4 ‘ . .

H aw e i s , H R . . Moor e, G F . . Wal k er , W L . .

H aycr a ft , Mr s . Mor g an , G Cam p . War sc h au er , J .

Hed d l e, E t h el F . . be ll 1 5,
H en s on , C an on H . Mor t en H on n or
, Wat ers N McG , . .

H ens l ey 7, Mou n t a in J , . Wat k in son W L , . .

Hill , F Mu n g er T T , . . 8, Wat s on W 12 , .
,

H ock in g, S K . . N e il s on , H B . . Weym ou t h R F , . .

H or d er , W G ar r et t O r c h a r d , W E 7, 1 4,
H orn e, C S i l es t er
4 , 8 , 1 3 . 1 4, 1 8 ,
.
.

v P al m er , F r e d er i c
P a t on , J B .
.

.
.

Wh i te W
Wh i t on J M
,

,
.

. .

Hor t on , R F 5. . 1 2, 1 6 , 2 0 22, 7, 1 0 1 7, ,

25 , P eak e , A S . 0 Wi ll i am s T R , . .

H u n t er , J OhD 8: P h ar m aceu t i c al Wi l s on P W , . .

“
J B of
”
The Ch e m i s t , A Wood J R , . .

Wor b oi se E m m a
.

C hr i s ti an W
,

or l d P i c t on , J All an s on . ,

J M G P ow i c k e , F J J 1 1 , 1 2, 1 7,
Y
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J effers on , 0 E . . P ri n g l e , A . a te s , T o 0 Q

W S p ewight. i t S on s , P r i n ter s, F etter Lame, Lon don , E C. .