Unit 5

Before You Read Windsurfing: An Expensive Hobby

1 It‟s a beautiful, sunny day. The water is warm and the wind is
What is this man doing? Have high. It‟s a perfect day for windsurfing. “It‟s a great sport,”
you ever seen anything like says Dimitri Hadjigeorgiou, a resident of the UAE, “It
this? How do you think this exercises your whole body and your mind at the same time. I
works? love the physical and mental exercise.” Dmitri is one of many
windsurfers who come to the beaches of Dubai, Abu Dhabi
and Fujairah to practice their hobby. It‟s normal to see around
40 or 50 windsurfers off the coast of the UAE, if it‟s a good
day.
2 Windsurfing is considered an extreme sport because of the
excitement involved. It is a combination of surfing and sailing.
A windsurf board is usually two to five meters long, and it has
a large sail. Windsurfers move the sail with the wind to reach
high speeds. They can also do tricks, like jumps and spinning.
There are different types of races and competitions, such as
slalom (like skiing), freestyle (tricks) and wave sailing.
3 Windsurfing is not a cheap hobby, however. A windsurf board
can cost between 6,000 and 10,000 dirhams. You also need a
sail, which can cost about 7,000 dirhams. Dimitri, for
example, usually uses two sails. A large one for light wind,
and a small one, just in case it gets very windy. He owns eight
in all. There‟s also the mast (another 5500 dirhams), fins, and
bags to hold all of the equipment. All together, you could
Unit Vocabulary easily spend 30,000 dirhams on windsurfing equipment, and
that‟s not including a wetsuit or transportation. To take your
Underline or highlight these
windsurfing equipment to the beach you need a trailer behind
words as you find them in the
your car, or a roof-rack on top of your car. Luckily, you can
text.
often rent windsurfing equipment if you want to try it out, or
attempt you can buy it secondhand.
coast
4 If you are interested in windsurfing you can take lessons at a
combination windsurfing school. There you can learn how to sail, steer, and
equipment turn your windsurf board, and use the wind. In Dubai there
example are several clubs and hotels which offer windsurfing lessons.
extreme They have rental equipment and usually charge about 300
dirhams per hour.
mental
meter 5 If you‟re like Dimitri it‟s all worth it. He goes windsurfing twice
a month and even teaches the sport to others. “One of my
normal lifelong ambitions is to still be windsurfing when I‟m 95 years
physical old.” He probably will.

Scanning for Details 5.1

Scanning is looking quickly through a text for small bits of information, such as a date or number.
Try to answer these questions as quickly as possible.

1 How many people windsurf off the coast of the UAE on a good day?
2 Slalom and wave sailing are two types of ________________________.
3 How many sails does Dimitri own?
4 How much does a mast cost?
5 Where does a roof-rack go?
6 How much do windsurfing lessons cost in Dubai?
Reading Comprehension 5.2
Look in the text and answer the questions below.

1 A windsurf board might be ____ meters long.

a. one b. three c. six

2 “Jumps” and “spinning” are two types of

a. races. b. tricks. c. sails.

3 What is the topic of paragraph 3?

a. the price of a surf board b. the cost of windsurfing c. Dimitri‟s eight sails
4 According to the text, if it is very windy, you should use
a. a large sail. b. a smaller sail. c. no sail.

5 According to the author, one problem with windsurfing is that …

a. it‟s too dangerous b. it‟s often too windy c. it‟s too expensive

6 In paragraph 4, the pronoun “They” refers to

a. windsurf boards b. windsurfers c. clubs and hotels

7 “ambition” (paragraph 5) means

a. goal b. sport c. piece of equipment
8 How old is Dimitri?
a. 35 years old b. 95 years old c. not in the text

Unit Vocabulary: Meaning From Context 5.3

From your understanding of the text, guess the meaning of each of the Unit Vocabulary words
below. Then read the text again. Do you understand more this time?
1 combination a. dangerous (sports)
2 extreme b. a real-life thing or situation which can help explain an idea
3 example c. two or more things together
4 meter d. things you use for a job or a sport
5 equipment e. a unit of measurement/ something used to measure

6 attempt a. of the mind

7 normal b. of the body
8 coast c. not strange
9 physical d. try
10 mental e. the line between the sea and the land

Finding Collocations 5.4

Here are some more collocations. Find these words in the text and write the word that comes next.
Learning these words together will help you use them fluently.

1 resident 2 coast
3 combination 4 types
5 on top 6 perfect

There are some useful phrases in the text. See if you can find these ones and write the missing
word. Learn these phrases.

7 at the _______________ time 9 just _______________ case

8 one ______________ many 10 it‟s worth_______________

Unit Vocabulary in Context 5.5
Complete the sentences below with Unit Vocabulary words from the boxes.

active improvement examples certain fascinating

combination normal coast concerned equipment

1 Dubai and Abu Dhabi are located on the _____________ of the Gulf.

2 It‟s _____________ to be worried about an exam. Many people feel that way

3 I‟m very _____________ about Tom. He doesn‟t look very healthy.

4 I liked the _____________ of red and green in Hanan‟s dress.

5 Are you _____________ that the meeting is on Wednesday? I thought it was Tuesday.

6 Roger saw a lot of _____________ in his grades after he started reviewing regularly.

7 My teacher gives us a lot of _____________ when she explains the grammar.

8 You need a lot of _____________ to do windsurfing. That‟s why it‟s expensive.

9 Vanita is quite _____________. She does a lot of things after school.

10 I read a _____________ book last week . I think you would also find it interesting.

effects extreme attempted meters ability

diagram measure unreasonable physical occupation

11 She used a ruler to _____________ the line.

12 One of the _____________ of walking every day is increased physical fitness.

13 The pool was three _____________ deep.

14 He _____________ a windsurfing trick, but he failed and fell into the water.

15 They get a lot of _____________ exercise. They play football three times a week.

16 I love _____________ sports, such as windsurfing or bungee jumping.

17 I wish I had the _____________ to paint pictures.

18 My teacher drew a _____________ to help us understand the concept of magnetism.

19 Hamad wants an _____________ where he can work outside.

20 One hour of homework anight is not _____________. You should be able to do it.

General Vocabulary in Context 5.6

These questions are very similar to real vocabulary questions on the CEPA exam. They will not be
on the actual exam.
1 Come and see me later ____. 3 The _____ house is the nicest one in the
a. month neighborhood.
b. record a. essential
c. tax b. green
d. today c. insolent
d. straight
2 He doesn‟t like people to ____ with him, so
just say “Yes”. 4 His weekly _____ increased by 15%.
a. argue a. sea
b. heat b. someone
c. strike c. stick Real CEPA
d. suppose d. wage Questions
!
Unit Vocabulary: Word Families Chart 5.7
Complete the Word Families Chart. Use a dictionary if you are not sure. Sometimes there is more
than one noun or adjective in a word family.Remember to pay attention to suffixes. They give you
information about a word’s part of speech.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
1 attempt attempted
coast 2
combination 3 4
equipment 5 equipped
6 extreme 7
8 mental 9
10
normal 12
11
physical 13

General Vocabulary Word Families 5.8

These questions are very similar to real parts of speech questions on the CEPA exam. They will
not be on the actual exam.

1 I like to _____ around on the beach on the 7 Most people only _____ in their closest
weekend. friends and family.
a. laze a. confide
b. lazily b. confidence
c. laziness c. confident
d. lazy d. confidently
2 Trees and flowers _____ the city. 8 Doctors _____ of people eating more fruit.
a. beautiful a. approval
b. beautifully b. approve
c. beautify c. approved
d. beauty d. approvingly
3 True friends _____ us to do our best. 9 _____ and pain are signs of sunburn.
a. encourage a. Red
b. encouragement b. Redden
c. encouraging c. Redly
d. encouragingly d. Redness
4 I‟m _____ sorry that I forgot to return your 10 Ehsan uses _____ software to help herself
book. learn.
a. fright a. educate
b. frighten b. education
c. frightful c. educational
d. frightfully d. educationally
5 I thought he spoke to her rather _____. 11 The _____ in Sarah‟s English class is
a. offend always high.
b. offense a. attend
c. offensive b. attendance
d. offensively c. attentive
d. attentively
6 The main ____ in the crime was arrested
last night. 12 His words were _____.
a. suspect a. hate
b. suspicion b. hateful
Real CEPA
c. suspicious c. hatefully
d. suspiciously d. hatred Questions!
Noticing the Grammar: Gerunds 5.9
Windsurfing is fun!
I like windsurfing!
Wndsurfing is a gerund. A gerund looks like a ____________ but it acts like a _____________.
Change each of the verbs in the box to a gerund and write them in the sentences below.
train play create contribute
review manage compete consume

1 Reviewing for your exams is very important.

2 He enjoys _______________ in many sports events.

3 _______________ too many sweets is bad for your health.

4 Good _______________ is important in extreme sports. You should take lessons or other
instruction before you begin.

5 _______________ sports is a good way to get exercise.

6 She likes _______________ to charities like the Red Crescent.

7 She is very good at _______________ her time.

8 My mother enjoys _______________ delicious desserts.

Reflexive Pronouns 5.10

You should use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same.
Example: Anas hurt Anas while windsurfing.  Anas hurt himself while windsurfing.
Complete each sentence with the correct reflexive pronoun.

1 Fatima makes breakfast for herself each morning.

2 Be careful! You might hurt _____________.

3 We don‟t take _____________ too seriously.

4 They need to get _____________ ready first.

5 Sometimes, I really like to sit by _____________ to read.

6 Ali spent a lot of time preparing _____________ for the exam.

7 They ate the cake _____________, and didn‟t give me any!

8 Dimitri buys _____________ a lot of windsurfing equipment.

9 The new cooker can clean _____________!

10 Amina bought one dress for her sister and one for _____________.

11 My parents sometimes like to eat dinner by _____________, without all of us kids.

12 Rice is delicious by ______________ sometimes, without any sauces or meat.

13 After a long study session, I like to reward ______________ with a tasty treat.

14 I think we can congratulate ______________ for a job well done.

Keeping It Real Sometimes, grammar exercises seem like math problems. They don‟t seem
like they have real meaning. Whenever you do a grammar exercise, try to imagine a real situation.
For example, look at the exercise above. What are some things you do for yourself?
Simple Past or Present Perfect? 5.11
Do you remember the rules for Simple Past and Present Perfect? Complete the exercise below.
Simple Past and Present Perfect are both used to talk about a time in the past.

1 We use the ________________ when that time is finished.

Ex: I studied many subjects in 11th grade, but English was my favorite. (I am now in 12th grade.)

2 We use the ________________when that time is not finished.

Ex: I have studied many subjects in 11th grade, but English is my favorite. (I am still in 11th grade.)
3 We use the ________________ when we are talking about something that happened at a
specific time, such as March 11th, 1977, at 3:52pm or “after dinner”.
4 We use the ________________ when something happened at some point in the past, but we
aren‟t saying exactly when.

Complete each sentence below, changing the verb to Simple Present or Present Perfect.

5 I (GO) _____________________ windsurfing last Friday.

6 I (GO) _____________________ windsurfing twice this week.

7 Mouza (TRAVEL) _____________________ a lot in her life. I don‟t think she will ever
stop.

8 Fatima (STUDY) _____________________ French since she was 6 years old.

9 Fadel (READ) _____________________ that book last year.

10 Lisa and John (CONSIDER) _____________________ all their options before they
decided to go to Thailand.

11 Dimitri (ATTEMPT) _____________________ to do that windsurfing trick several times,

but he still can‟t do it.

12 I (NOT SEE) _____________________ that movie yet! Don‟t tell me the ending!

13 You don‟t have to organize the equipment. Vanita (DO) _____________________ it

yesterday.

14 Arwa is going to continue to take art classes. She(CREATE) _____________________

some beautiful artwork so far.

15 I think Mohammed can help us with the art work. He (TAKE) _____________________
two design courses last summer.

16 You (DEVELOP) _____________________ in Chapter 1. Have you been following it?

Check in with your study plan!

You are almost halfway through the book. Good job! Have you been following your Study
study plan? Go back to Unit 1 and look at your study plan. Was it a reasonable
plan? If you didn‟t follow it, you may want to make some changes. Remember,
you should try to study a little each day, even if it‟s only for about 20 minutes. Tip!
Prepositions: Parts of a Windsurf Kit 5.12

Parts of a Windsurf Kit

Choose the correct preposition to complete each sentence.

1 Here we can see a diagram _____ a basic windsurfing kit.

a. on b. of c. at

2 Dimitri is standing on the board, holding _____ the boom.

a. of b. around c. onto

3 The seat harness is wrapped ______ his body.

a. around b. within c. inside

4 The batton is on the sail _____ the boom.

a. above b. instead of c. between

5 The mast is attached _____ the board at the mast base.

a. in b. to c. around

6 Dimitri is wearing his wetsuit, and he has a cap _____ his head.
a. on b. of c. to

7 He is surfing away ______ the beach.

a. around b. onto c. from

8 He is surfing _____ the camera.

a. towards b. instead of c. between
Mixed Grammar 5.13
These questions are very similar to real grammar questions on the CEPA exam. They will not be
on the actual exam.

1 Some people like _____ sugar in their tea. 10 My sister _____ across Europe these days.
a. a few a. are traveling
b. a little b. is traveling
c. many c. travel
d. none d. traveling
2 My sister likes to spend a lot of time by 11 Dune _____ is great fun.
_____. a. driven
a. herself b. driver
b. himself c. drives
c. myself d. driving
d. yourself
12 Which sentence is correct English?
3 I think _____ too many people in our a. On weekends at the mall you do like
class. shopping?
a. it is b. Do you like shopping at the mall on
b. there are weekends?
c. there is c.Shopping do you like at the mall on
d. they are weekends?
d. You do like at the mall shopping on
4 Mark is the student _____project won the
weekends?
prize.
a. that 13 If you feel tired, you _____ go to bed.
b. who a. able to
c. whom b. shall
d. whose c. ought
d. should
5 I can put _____ I need in this bag.
a. anybody 14 I try to read _____ short book every week. It
b. anyone doesn‟t matter which one.
c. everyone a. a
d. everything b. an
c. some
6 Mariam _____ to several countries since
d. the
she left school.
a. has been 15 I was at the bus stop in plenty of time _____
b. has going the bus never came.
c. is going a. but
d. has went b. for
c. or
7 The film Iron Man has some really _____
d. so
special effects.
a. amaze 16 The teacher will help you _____ you have any
b. amazed problems.
c. amazes a. and
d. amazing b. but
c. if
8 That's the showroom _____ I bought my
d. so
new car.
a. what 17 My friends hope _____ to Yemen in the
b. when holidays.
c. where a. to travel
d. which b. traveling
c. travels
9 “_____ is your favorite film?”
d. will travel
“Citizen Kane.”
a. What 18 I _____ fix my bike, so my brother helped
b. When me.
c. Where a. able to
d. Why Real CEPA b. couldn‟t
Questions! c. mustn‟t
d. should
Stick to the Prompt! 5.14
When you are writing a CEPA essay, answer the question. You should definitely add your own ideas
and examples, but don’t write anything that is not related to the prompt.

Read the following essay prompt, then read the ideas below. If the idea could go in a good student
essay, circle Yes. If not, circle No.

PROMPT:
Extreme sports such as windsurfing are becoming more and more popular.
Say whether you think this is a good thing or a bad thing, and explain why.

1 Many extreme sports are dangerous. People may play extreme sports and
Yes No
seriously injure or kill themselves.
2 Extreme sports may make people more interested in sports and becoming fit.
This could result in people becoming more fit and healthy, which is a good Yes No
thing.
3 Extreme sports began with surfing. Surfing originated in Polynesia in ancient
times. In the 1970‟s, surfers invented skateboarding, another popular Yes No
extreme sport.
4 Football is my favorite sport. I really like it. I watch games every Saturday
with my friends. Yes No

5 My brother likes extreme sports. He especially enjoys watching skateboarding

films. He also likes action films. My brother watches a lot of films. Yes No

6 Children may not understand the dangers of extreme sports. They may injure
themselves. Yes No

7 My uncle went windsurfing once. He rented equipment from a special shop.

He also had to rent a wetsuit. He surfed for two hours. Yes No

8 You can buy sports equipment at the mall, including shoes, tennis racquets,
Yes No
and swimsuits.

Write Clearly!
Write slowly and carefully so your essay is clear. If your handwriting is too small or very messy, no
one will be able to read it. Look at the samples below. Can you read them? They received low scores
because CEPA markers could not read them.

Too
small!

Too
messy!
Writing Task: Essay
Read the question below. Write your essay on the next page. You may support your opinion with
some of the information below, but do not copy.

ESSAY PROMPT
Extreme sports such as windsurfing are becoming more and more popular.
Say whether you think this is a good thing or a bad thing, and explain why.
You could support your opinion by writing about:
 the dangers involved
 the effect on children
 people‟s enjoyment of exciting sports
 physical fitness
Plan your essay here.

Introduction (your opinion):

Support:

Support:

Support:

Conclusion:

Logical Organizers 5.15

Don‟t forget to use logical organizers in your writing. You can look at the sample essays and the
essays you wrote in the previous chapters for ideas. Try to use a variety of logical organizers in
each essay. For example, don‟t use „First‟, „Second‟, and „Third‟ in the same essay. Instead, use
„First,‟ „Another reason is,‟ and „My third reason is,‟ or another variation.
Complete the table below with logical organizers and then try to use some of them in your essay.

1 __________ 2 My _____________ reason is that … To begin with …

Second, 3 My _____________ reason is that … Another reason is …

4 __________ My third reason is that … Finally, …
Writing Task: Essay

Time: ____ minutes

Number of Words:
Writ
Writing Task: A Problem Essay 5.16
Look at the sample essay and answer the questions below.
PROMPT: Extreme sports such as windsurfing are becoming more and more popular.
Say whether you think this is a good thing or a bad thing, and explain why.
You could support your opinion by writing about:
 the dangers involved
 the effect on children
 people‟s enjoyment of exciting sports
 physical fitness
Extreme sports such as windsurfing are becoming more and more popular. Say
1 whether you think this is a good thing or a bad thing, and explain why. I think this is a very
good thing and I will explain my opinion in this essay.
Frist, extreme sports can be very dangerous. People might hurt themselves if they
play extreme sports. If a lot of people play extreme sports, a lot of people will get hurt.
2
They may die. Perhaps children will watch adults enjoying extreme sports and develop the
idea that getting hurt and taking risks is fun. But then they will try it themselves and get
hurt.
My second reason is that extreme sports are good for your health. There is a big
3 problem with obesity in schools. This is because children spend too much time watching
television and eating snacks. Many children are at risk of getting diabetes or other health
problems. Parents and schools should do something about overweight children before it is
too late.
4 Finally, people very enjoy exciting sports. people doesn’t like bored sports like the
Olympics. If you no have interesting sports, people will become boring. no good advertising.
Good advertising like Mountain Dew from extreme sports. Extreme sports is very exciting.
5
In conclusion, thank you for reading my essay. I hope you like it very much and give
me full marks. Extreme sports make me very happy.

Look carefully at the problem essay. Where can you find each of these mistakes?
Mistake Paragraph
1 This paragraph has a lot of grammar mistakes!
2 This does NOT support the author‟s opinion!
3 This does NOT stick to the prompt!
4 The style is inappropriate (non-academic)!
5 The logical organizer is spelled wrongly!
6 This has too much information copied from the prompt!
For extra practice, try to improve the essay.

Capital Letters
Don‟t forget to use capital letters and full stops when you need them. This is a very
common mistake and it can make a big difference to your score.
Look at your essay.
Do you have a capital letter … CEPA Tip!
 at the beginning of each sentence?
 at the beginning of each proper noun (name of a person, city, or country)?
 wherever you write the pronoun “I”?
Do you have a full stop at the end of every sentence?
Now, go back and look at your other CEPA practice essays. Did you remember to use
capital letters and full stops?