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Explanation
Water Vapour:
Varies in atmosphere.
(A) Troposphere
(B) Stratosphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Thermosphere
Answer: A
Explanation
Troposphere:
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This layer consists of different gases, dust particles and water vapour.
Explanation
4. Which layer reflects the medium and high frequency radio waves back to
the earth?
(A) Stratosphere
(B) Mesosphere
(C) lonosphere
(D) Exosphere
Answer: C
Explanation
Due to the ability of ionized atmospheric gases to refract high frequency (HF, or shortwave)
radio waves, the ionosphere can reflect radio waves directed into the sky back toward the
Earth.
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(A) Thermosphere
(B) Exosphere
(C) Ionosphere
(D) Mesosphere
Answer: B
Explanation
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Codes:
A B C D E
A. 2 3 5 4 1
B. 3 1 4 5 2
C. 2 5 4 1 3
D. 2 5 4 3 1
Answer: D
Explanation
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7. Ozone gas is concentrated between
(A) 5 to 20 Km.
(B) 15 to 35 Km.
(C) 35 to 50 Km.
(D) 10 to 20 Km.
Answer: B
Explanation
The lower portion of the stratosphere having maximum concentration of ozone is called
Ozonosphere, which is confined between the height of 15 km to 35 km.
(B) X-rays
Answer: D
Explanation
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The ozone layer acts as a filter for the shorter wavelength and highly hazardous ultraviolet
radiation (UVR) from the sun, protecting life on Earth from its potentially harmful effects.
Explanation
10. Match List-I with List-ll and from the using codes given below
List-I List-II
A. Perihelion 1. Pyranometer
B. Apehelion 2. 51 percent
Codes:
A B C D
A. 1 2 3 4
B. 4 3 1 2
C. 4 3 2 1
D. 3 4 2 1
Answer: C
Explanation
11. The portion of incident radiation energy reflect back from the surface is
called
(B) Photons
(C) Absorption
(D) Albedo
Answer: D
Explanation
• Albedo: The ratio between the total solar radiation falling upon a surface and the
amount reflected.
• Represented as %
• Highest- Snowfall
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Surface Albedo
Desert 35-45%
Grasses 26%
Crops 15%
Brick-concrete 10-20%
12. The transfer of Heat through the molecular of matter in any body is
called
(A) Convection
(B) Conduction
(C) Radiation
Explanation
• heat transfer from a warmer object to a cooler object when they come in contact with
each other.
(A) Quetta
(B) Jacobabad
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(C) Al-Azizia
(D) Jaisalmer
Answer: C
Explanation
(A) Convection
(B) Conduction
(C) Radiation
Explanation
• Transfer of heat by the movement of a mass or substance from one place to another,
generally vertical, is called convection.
• The air of the lower layers of the atmosphere gets heated either by the earth’s
radiation or by conduction. The heating of the air leads to its expansion. Its density
decreases and it moves upwards.
• The continuous ascent of heated air creates a vacuum in the lower layers of the
atmosphere. As a consequence, cooler air comes down to fill the vacuum, leading to
convection.
• The cyclic movement associated with the convectional process in the atmosphere
transfer heat from the lower layer to the upper layer and heats up the atmosphere.
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Explanation
Long winter nights: Loss of heat by terrestrial radiation from the ground surface
during night may exceed the amount of incoming solar radiation.
Cloudless and clear sky: Loss of heat through terrestrial radiation proceeds more
rapidly without any obstruction.
Dry air near the ground surface: It limits the absorption of the radiated heat from
the Earth’s surface.
Slow movement of air: It results in no transfer or mixing of heat in the lower layers
of the atmosphere.
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Snow covered ground surface: It results in maximum loss of heat through reflection
of incoming solar radiation.
1. Cloudy Sky
3. Strong Winds
(A) 1, 2 and 4
(B) 2, 3 and 4
(C) 1 and 4
(D) 2 and 4
Answer: D
Explanation
(B) Verkhoyansk
(C) Vostok
(D) Norway
Answer: C
Explanation
The lowest natural temperature ever directly recorded at ground level on Earth is −89.2 °C at
the Soviet Vostok Station in Antarctica
18. Which of the following is known as the country of mind night sun?
(A) France
(B) Norway
(C) Netherlands
(D) Sweden
Answer: B
Explanation
During the summer solstices, the North Pole is inclined towards the Sun. Therefore, the
duration of the day increases from 12 hours at Equator to 24 hours at the Arctic Circle and the
regions beyond it. Norway lies beyond the Arctic Circle. Thus the Sun neither rises nor sets
for few months in a year. Therefore, it is known as the land of the midnight Sun. The Sun
here is visible at a very low height just above the horizon. Hammerfest in Norway
experiences continuous sunlight from May 13 to July 29.
Potential energy is the latent energy in an object at rest, and is one of two forms of energy. The
other form, kinetic energy, is the energy expressed by an object in motion. ... The actual
potential energy of an object depends on its position relative to other objects.
(A) 1002 MB
(B) 1025.13 MB
(C) 1013.25 MB
(D) 1008 MB
Answer: C
Explanation:
The standard, or near-average, atmospheric pressure at sea level on the Earth is 1013.25
millibars, or about 14.7 pounds per square inch, as elevation increase, there is less overlying
atmospheric mass, so that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation.
21. The dividing line between day and night is called the
Explanation:
The imaginary line that separates light from the darkness and day from the night is known as
the circle of illumination. Earth’s axis refers to an imaginary line going through the centre of
the earth from top to bottom. The circle of illumination cuts all latitudes into half on the
spring and autumnal equinoxes. The circle of illumination bisects the equator while the circle
of illumination separates light from darkness and day from night, the axis is a line along
which the earth rotates.
(A) 25 percent
(B) 30 percent
(C) 35 percent
(D) 40 percent
Answer: C
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Explanation
23. Which one of the following weather instruments is kept outside the Stevenson screen?
(A) Barometer
(B) Anemometer
(C) Hydrograph
Answer: B
Explanation
It forms part of a standard weather station and holds instruments that may include thermometers
(ordinary, maximum/minimum), a hygrometer, a psychrometer, a dewcell, a barometer, and a
thermograph.
Stevenson screens may also be known as a cotton region shelter, an instrument shelter, a
thermometer shelter, a thermoscreen, or a thermometer screen.
Explanation
Equatorial trough of low pressure is the zone of convergence of trade winds blowing
equatorward from the sub-tropical belts of high pressure in the northern and southern
hemisphere. Within this belt the winds are light and variable with frequent calms. That is why
this belt is also known as doldrums.
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Explanation
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