The document outlines the topics that will be included in the 2024 lower secondary checkpoint for biology. It includes 10 sections that cover various concepts in plants, genetics, reproduction, respiration, nutrition and excretion, environmental changes, ecology, classification, basics of life, and scientific enquiry. Some of the key topics are photosynthesis, the structure of chromosomes and DNA, sexual and asexual reproduction, the organs of the urinary system, climate change, food chains and webs, dichotomous keys, cell structures, and the scientific method.
The document outlines the topics that will be included in the 2024 lower secondary checkpoint for biology. It includes 10 sections that cover various concepts in plants, genetics, reproduction, respiration, nutrition and excretion, environmental changes, ecology, classification, basics of life, and scientific enquiry. Some of the key topics are photosynthesis, the structure of chromosomes and DNA, sexual and asexual reproduction, the organs of the urinary system, climate change, food chains and webs, dichotomous keys, cell structures, and the scientific method.
The document outlines the topics that will be included in the 2024 lower secondary checkpoint for biology. It includes 10 sections that cover various concepts in plants, genetics, reproduction, respiration, nutrition and excretion, environmental changes, ecology, classification, basics of life, and scientific enquiry. Some of the key topics are photosynthesis, the structure of chromosomes and DNA, sexual and asexual reproduction, the organs of the urinary system, climate change, food chains and webs, dichotomous keys, cell structures, and the scientific method.
The document outlines the topics that will be included in the 2024 lower secondary checkpoint for biology. It includes 10 sections that cover various concepts in plants, genetics, reproduction, respiration, nutrition and excretion, environmental changes, ecology, classification, basics of life, and scientific enquiry. Some of the key topics are photosynthesis, the structure of chromosomes and DNA, sexual and asexual reproduction, the organs of the urinary system, climate change, food chains and webs, dichotomous keys, cell structures, and the scientific method.
Topics included in 2024 lower secondary checkpoint
Biology
1 Plants: 1. Word equation for photosynthesis
2. Pathway of water and minerals in plants 3. Minerals needed by plants (page 191) 2 Genetics: 1. Difference between: Chromosomes, DNA, Genes 2. Nature selection & selective breeding 3. Variation definition and types 3 Reproduction: 1. Organs + being able to label them and state their functions 2. Sexcells (sperm &ovum)-gender determination (xx ,xy ) 3. Sexual VS Asexual reproduction 4. Fertilization, definition -products – site of fertilization 5. The effect of: (smoking, drugs) on prenatal development (page 163)
4 Respiration: Effect of smoking
5 Nutrition & Excretion 1. Organs of the urinary system (label + function)
2. Urea 3. Functions of the different nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, iron)
6 Environmental 1. Climate change
changes: 2. Carbon cycle 7 Ecology: 1. Food chains 2. Food webs (definition + effect of changes) 3. Reasons of extinction (page 76) 4. adaptations 8 Classification: 1. dichotomous keys (how to construct+ how to use ) 2. species 3. variations 4. vertebrate’s 9 Basics of life: Characteristics of life (definitions) 1. basic cell components (organelles + labels+ functions) 2. specialized cells (adaptations + shapes+ functions)