Checkpoint 2024 Biology

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Topics included in 2024 lower secondary checkpoint

Biology

1 Plants: 1. Word equation for photosynthesis


2. Pathway of water and minerals in plants
3. Minerals needed by plants (page 191)
2 Genetics: 1. Difference between: Chromosomes, DNA, Genes
2. Nature selection & selective breeding
3. Variation definition and types
3 Reproduction: 1. Organs + being able to label them and state their functions
2. Sexcells (sperm &ovum)-gender determination (xx ,xy )
3. Sexual VS Asexual reproduction
4. Fertilization, definition -products – site of fertilization
5. The effect of: (smoking, drugs) on prenatal development
(page 163)

4 Respiration: Effect of smoking

5 Nutrition & Excretion 1. Organs of the urinary system (label + function)


2. Urea
3. Functions of the different nutrients (carbohydrates,
proteins, calcium, iron)

6 Environmental 1. Climate change


changes: 2. Carbon cycle
7 Ecology: 1. Food chains
2. Food webs
(definition + effect of changes)
3. Reasons of extinction (page 76)
4. adaptations
8 Classification: 1. dichotomous keys
(how to construct+ how to use )
2. species
3. variations
4. vertebrate’s
9 Basics of life: Characteristics of life (definitions)
1. basic cell components (organelles + labels+ functions)
2. specialized cells (adaptations + shapes+ functions)

10 Scientific enquiry Everything but microscope

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