Cie 126 Quantity Surveying

Syllabus
PEN Code: CIE 126 Credit: 2 units

PEN Subject Title: Highway Quantity Surveying Prerequisite: CIE 118
A. Subject Description:
This course provides a basic understanding of the methods used to prepare a building and/or bridge
construction cost estimate, and earthwork costs. The students learn to do quantity takeoff utilizing
plans and specifications.
B. Objectives:
At the end of the course, the students should be able to:
1. Define the basic concepts of quantity surveying.
2. Recognize and understand how to estimate quantity of various building materials.
3. Familiarize how to formulate bid costs for materials, labor and equipment for several construction
project elements.
4. Gain knowledge on how to evaluate total cost of engineering projects, including labor fringes, taxes,
bonding fees, insurance, overhead and profit.
C. Course Topics and Time Allotment:

Lesson No. Topics Week No.
1  An Introduction to Quantity Surveying Engineering
1
2  Review of Specifications and Plans / Details
3  Detailed Quantity Survey: Concrete
2
4  Detailed Quantity Survey: Masonry
5  Detailed Quantity Survey: Steel 4


4

FIRST PERIODIC EXAM 5
8  Detailed Quantity Survey: Electrical System
6
9  Detailed Quantity Survey: Sanitary / Plumbing System
10  Detailed Quantity Survey: Mechanical System 7
11  Detailed Quantity Survey: Earthworks
8
12  Road Pavements
SECOND PERIODIC EXAM 9
13  Layer of Pavements
10
14  Highway Appraisal
15  Environmental Appraisal 11
16 Railway Engineering
12
17 Requirements of Rail, Defects and Measures
THIRD PERIODIC EXAM 13
FINAL EXAMINATION 17
1
D. References:
1. Mannering, F.L. Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. dash1991. (2015). Highway Safety and Accident Analysis. Retrieved from Scribd website:
https://www.scribd.com/document/267977455/Highway-Safety-and-Accident-Analysis
3. www.Hwayengg.org
E. Course Requirements
Requirements Due Date
Problem Set
There will be three periodic examinations and a quiz for every periodic and passing score
for all activities/evaluation is 60%.
F. Grading System:
The Final Grade is computed as follows:
FG = (0.17xP1) + (0.17xP2) + (0.16xP3) + (0.50xFE)
The 1st Periodical Grade is computed as follows:
P1 = (0.50xEXAM) + (0.30xQAVE) + (0.20xPS)
The 2nd Periodical Grade is computed as follows:
P2 = (0.50xEXAM) + (0.30xQAVE) + (0.20xPS)
The 3rd Periodical Grade is computed as follows:
P3 = (0.50xEXAM) + (0.30xQAVE) + (0.20xPS)
G. Contact Information:
Name : ENGR. TIRSO F. VINOYA
Contact Number :
Email : tfvinoya@up.phinma.edu.ph
Engr. John T. Zamora

Date:
Dean’s Signature over printed name
2
CIE 126 –Quantity Surveying
Student’s Activity Sheet #1
Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Invitation to Bid. Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Estimating ConstructionCosts
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Define the Importance of Bidding. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Know the basics of an Invitation to Bid.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Bidding, take note of different Government Projects
that are being done by different Contractors. How do they get the projects?
A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction :
Competitive bidding is a common procurement practice that involves inviting multiple vendors or
service providers to submit offers for any particular material or service. Competitive
bidding allows transparency, equality of opportunity and the ability to demonstrate that the
outcomes represent the best value.
Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1
What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What is Bidding?
What is an Invitation to Bid?
What is the importance of an

Invitation to Bid?
B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 2: Content Notes
What is Invitation to Bid (IB)?

An invitation for bid or invitation to bid is an invitation to contractors or equipment suppliers,
through a bidding process, to submit a proposal on a specific project to be realized or product or
service to be furnished. IB is generally the same thing as Request for Quotation. The IB or RFQ is
focused on pricing, and not on ideas or concepts. If not stated otherwise, the contractor with the
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

lowest bid is awarded the contract, provided that they meet the minimum criteria for the bid. This
is in contrast to a request for proposal, in which case other reasons might cause or allow choice of
the second best offer.
The Invitation to Bid serves as the notice to the public and all interested parties of the
procurement and bidding opportunities of the Procuring Entity.
Why do you advertise/post an Invitation to Bid?

Advertising/posting the IB and ensuring its widest possible dissemination will increase the
number of prospective bidders and intensify competition for the procurement activity or project.
Intensified competition, in turn, will ensure that the government, in general, and the Procuring
Entity, in particular, will get the best possible proposals as to quality and cost.
What does an IB contain?

The IB must contain the following:
1. The name and location of the contract to be bid;

2. The project background and other relevant information regarding the proposed contract
works, including a brief description of the type, size, major items, and other important or
relevant features of the works;
3. A general statement on the criteria to be used by the Procuring Entity for:
a. The eligibility check/screening;
b. The preliminary examination and detailed evaluation of bids;
c. Post-qualification; and
d. Award
4. The date, time and place of the deadline for:
a. The submission and receipt of the eligibility requirements;
b. The pre-bid conference, if any;
c. The submission and receipt of bids; and
d. The opening of bids;
5. The Approved Budget Contract (ABC);
6. The source of funding (Govt Projects);
7. The place, time and website where the bidding documents may be secured or downloaded;
8. The contract duration;
9. The name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, e-mail and website addresses of
the concerned Procuring Entity, as well as its designated contact person; and
10. Such other necessary information deemed relevant by the Procuring Entity.

Name: Class number:

Activity 3: Skill-building Activities
Fill the Boxes
What is Competitive Bidding?
What is Invitation to Bid?
What does the Invitation to Bid

focused on?
What is the main reason you

advertise and Invitation to Bid?

It’s time to answer the questions in the What I Know chart in Activity 1. Log in your answers in the table.
Activity 5: Check for Understanding

Question: Is public bidding for government projects required by law?
Activity 6: Thinking about Learning
a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?
b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?
c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?
FAQs:

Name: Class number:

1. Bidders are screened whether qualified or not.
KEY TO CORRECTIONS (refer TG’s )
Answers to Skill-Building Exercises;

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Bid Forms. Materials:

1. Define what is the use Bid Forms. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to formulate an effective Bid Form.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Bid forms, think of it as your ticket to win a bid.
Without it you have no chance of winning a bid project.
Introduction :
A bid form, also called bid proposal form or construction bid proposal form in case of
construction bidding, is a document or a standard printed form often included with the notice of
sale in a competitive bid writing, given to the bidders or underwriters so that they may submit the
information required for the bid, which must be in correct format and sequence.
The Bidding Documents shall clearly and adequately define, among others:
(a) the objectives, scope, and expected outputs and/or results of the proposed contract;
(b) the eligibility requirements of bidders;
(c) the expected contract duration; and
(d) the obligations, duties, and/or functions of the winning bidder.
Care should be taken to check the relevance of the provisions of the Bidding Documents against
the requirements of the specific Works to be procured

What is the importance of
plumbing?
What are the materials used in
plumbing and sanitation systems
in buildings?

Name: Class number:

How do I determine the size of a
septic tank?
B. MAIN LESSON
Bid forms can be used in two ways:

1. In the case of a contractor who would like to respond to a bid invitation with a bid on a
project
2. In the case of an owner collecting bids from potential contractors and he or she would like to
create a standard form to be included with the formal invitation to bid to be completed by
the bidder or underwriter if a bid is submitted.
Basics of a Bid Form

In a bid form, in case of a construction project, the project owners and contractors must outline
the terms and conditions of a bid on a certain construction where project owners may create a
blank bid form for the bidders to fill out. Similarly, contractors can create their own bid form when
they want to place a bid. The form must state that the contractor has reviewed the project
documents and must contain all the important and necessary details of the bid.
What Goes on a Construction Bid Form?
1. The Basics
At the top of the document, all of the contact information for both the construction company and
the potential customer should be listed. This includes names, addresses, and signatures for all
parties involved. Also be sure to list the name and address of the project itself.
2. Project Scope
Before getting into any pricing details, the construction bid should first lay out the scope of the
project. It’s important to get as detailed as possible here, highlighting all of the services you’re
proposing to provide. Write out the grade of the work, the proposed schedule, quality, materials,
and any other features necessary for the completion of the project.
Project Summary
[In a few sentences, summarize the project and describe the work to be
performed by your company.]

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Procedural Expectations
[In a few sentences, describe plans for worksite maintenance, such as the process
for removing trash from the site. This is also where you should detail who
maintains ownership of excess materials, who will be responsible for worksite
cleanup, etc. ]
Project Owner Expectations

[In a few sentences, describe any worksite expectations for the client, such as the
provision of bathroom facilities, tower lights, water, shelter, etc. Be sure to also
outline safety expectations here, such as who is allowed on the worksite, required
safety gear, and what should be done to protect any children, seniors, or pets
who may live or work near the worksite.]
Materials and Services Not Included

This proposal covers only the labor, services, materials, and goods outlined
herein.
3. Existing Conditions
You need to perform a preliminary site assessment before preparing your bid document, and the
resulting proposal should include a documentation of the existing conditions at the worksite. Be
sure to include the necessary actions taken to remediate each condition as well as which party is
responsible for each task.
CONDITION NECESSARY ACTION PARTY RESPONSIBLE
[Contractor] is not responsible for the remediation of any existing conditions

discovered after commencement of the project, nor for any delays that occur as a
result. In the event of such a discovery of previously unfound existing conditions,
[Contractor] will work with [Project Owner] to determine the scope of extra work,

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costs involved with remedying the existing conditions, and a date for payment
through a written Change Order.
4. Cost
This is where you’ll provide the customer with a cost estimate for the entire project, broken down
into subsections such as materials and labor. This section should also detail the costs that would
incur should the project go over scope, in order to lay out clear expectations up front.

Name: Class number:

5. Terms of Payment
Many people include a cost estimate and forget to also detail the terms of payment — that is, the
manner in which and when they expect to be paid. It’s unlikely that the customer will be willing to
pay you all at once, so write out a list of milestones for the project and what percentage of the
total should be paid at that point.
6. Relevant Documentation
Construction projects are huge and consist of many sub-projects that are managed by different
authorities. It’s important to lay out in your construction bid exactly what those sub-projects are
and who has authority over them. This will eliminate confusion later on by making clear exactly
who is in charge of each project, as well as who has the legal authority to sign relevant paperwork
and enter into legally binding commitments during the project.
7. Work Schedule
Your work schedule should be more than just when the project will begin and end. This section
should also include the date that the contractor will receive approval to begin work on the
project. This is also where you should detail the extent to which you will assume liability for delays
caused by events beyond your control, like permit approvals or poor weather. Be sure to also
differentiate between working days and calendar days, and don’t forget to factor in supplier lead
times, permit or zoning approval periods, and other third-party processes that could delay your
schedule.

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8. Formal Bid & Signatures

Finally, the bid proposal is not complete without a formal statement of intent to provide services
for the project as well as a bid estimate and signatures. If you’re the sole owner of your company,
you can sign the document alone, but if you’re working together with a co-owner or manager you
should have them sign the document as well.
Fill the Box
What must be outlined in Bid Forms

for Construction Projects?
What are 2 ways Bid Forms can be

used?


Question: Do Bid forms need to be complete and concise?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. For Government Projects, the required Philippine Bidding Documents (PBDs) for the
procurement of Infrastructure Projects/Works through Competitive Bidding have been
prepared by the Government of the Philippines (GOP) for use by all branches, agencies,
departments, bureaus, offices, or instrumentalities of the Government, including government-
owned and/or -controlled corporations (GOCCs), government financial institutions (GFIs), state
universities and colleges (SUCs), and local government units (LGUs).

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Concrete Materials:

1. Define the Different Classification of Concrete. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Materials for Concrete.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Concrete Quantity Surveying, list down concrete
structures you see every day and try to visualize how many sand and gravel it took to build it.
Introduction :
Estimating the cost of new concrete involves much more than the price of concrete. There are many
variables to consider, such as surface prep, formwork, reinforcing materials, and finish work, plus the
cost of the concrete, that will add up to the total price of the job. Costs for specific items will vary
from location to location or from site to site, but you can get a rough estimate using some averaged
amounts.

What is the unit of measure of
Concrete?
What material composes
Concrete?
How many bags of cement do
you need for 1 cubic meter of
Concrete?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Concrete can be Plain or Reinforced. Plain Concrete is an artificial stone resulting from mixing
together cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and water. Reinforced Concrete is basically a
concrete with reinforcement properly embedded that the two materials work together.
The Different Types of Concrete Used in Construction are :

1. The Ordinary Portland cement
2. The Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (Early Strength)
3. The Blast Furnace or Sulfate Cement (Chemical Resistant)
4. The Low Heat Portland Cement (Reduce Heat of Hydration)
5. The Portland Pozzolan Cement
6. The High Alumina Cement
Aggregates for concrete work are classified into two:

1. Fine Aggregate such as crushed stone, crushed gravel, sand or natural sand with particles
passing on a 5 mm sieve.
2. Coarse Aggregate such as crushed stone, crushed gravel or natural gravel with particles
retained on a 5 mm sieve.
Principles of Concrete Mixing

The purpose in mixing concrete is to select an optimum proportion of cement, water and aggregates, to
produce a concrete mixture that will meet the following requirements:
1. Workability 2. Strength
3. Durability 4. Economy
The proportion that will be adopted in concrete mixing has to be established by actual trial to attain the
desired strength and quality of concrete required under the following procedures:
1. The water cement ratio is first determined at the very first hour of mixing to meet the
requirements of strength and durability.
2. The cement-aggregate ratio is then chosen and established to satisfy the workability
requirements. Workability is the ability of the fresh concrete to fill all the voids between the steel
bars and the forms without necessarily exerting much effort in tamping.

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Unit of Measure
Concrete structures were estimated in terms of cubic meter although the components like cement, sand,
gravel and water, are measured in pounds, cubic foot and gallons per bag respectively.
Concrete Proportioning
Proportioning concrete mixture is done in two different ways:
by weight by volume method
The most common and convenient way is by the volume method using the empty plastic bag of cement,
or by a measuring box.
Concrete Proportion
Mixture Cement in Bag Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class 40kg 50gk cu.m. cu.m.
AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12 9.5 0.50 1.00
A 1 : 2 : 4 9 7 0.50 1.00
B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.5 6 0.50 1.00
C 1 : 3 : 6 6 5 0.50 1.00
Concrete proportion by volume method had long been. Time has proven it to be effective and
successful. However, on construction where space for materials stock piling and mixing does not permit,
ready mixed concrete is the most practical solution.

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Sample Problems
A rural road 4.00 meters wide after base preparation requires concreting of 250 meters long. Find the
number of bags cement, sand and gravel required using class "A" concrete if the pavement is 280mm
thick.
Solution
1. Find the total Volume of the Rural Road Pavement

V = Thickness X Width X Length
V = 0.28m X 4.00m X 250m
V = 280 cubic meters
2. Multiply the Volume to the corresponding Proportioning for Class A Concrete.
Cement = 280 cu.m. X 9.0 = 2520 bags
Sand = 280 cu.m. X 0.5 = 140 cubic meter
Gravel = 280 cu.m. X 1.0 = 280 cubic meter
A concrete post 6.00 meters high with cross sectional dimensions of 50 cm. x 50 cm. is supported by a
footing of 250 cm. thick by 1.20 m. square. Using class "A” concrete, find the quantity of cement, sand
and gravel if there are 6 posts of the same size.

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3. Find the total Volume of the Post and Footing

V = [ ( Cross Area X Height ) + ( Thickness X Width X Length ) ] X N
V = [ ( 0.5 X 0.5 X 6.0 ) + ( 0.25 X 1.20 X 1.20 ) ] X 6
V = 11.16 cubic meters
4. Multiply the Volume to the corresponding Proportioning for Class A Concrete.
Cement = 11.16 cu.m. X 9.0 = 100.44 say 101 Bags
Sand = 11.16 cu.m. X 0.5 = 5.58 c say 6 cubic meters
Gravel = 11.16 cu.m. X 1.0 = 11.16 say 12 cubic meters
FORMS
Form is a temporary boarding, sheathing or pan used to produce the desired shape and size of concrete.
Concrete mixture is generally semi-fluid that reproduces the shape of anything into which it is poured.
Thus, concrete forms shall be water tight, rigid and strong enough to sustain the weight of fresh
concrete.
Plywood as Form has the following .advantages. It is economical in terms of labor cost. It is lightweight
and handy. It has smooth surface which may not require plastering. Less consumption of nails. Ease of
assembling and disassembling
Forms for Square and Rectuangular Column

P = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20
P = lateral perimeter of the column
a = shorter side of the column
b = longer side of the column
0.20 = constant value for the lapping of form joints
Multiply P by the height of one column times the number of columns to get the total area of the
forms..
Divide the total area by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms.
Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of
plywood by 44.50 to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.
Forms for Beam and Girder

P = 2 d + b + 0.10
P = lateral perimeter of the column

d = height of beam (side form)
b = width of beam (bottom form)

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0.10 = constant value for the lapping of form
Multiply P by the Length of one beam times the number of beams to get the total area of the forms..
Divide the total area by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms.
Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of
plywood by 44.50 to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.
3. Activity 3: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem 1
Compute how many 40kg bags of cement is needed for provided framing plan.
Square Footing: 1.20 m X 250mm thick. Class A

Square Column: 250mm X 6.00m height (4 columns at 6x6 square floor area). Class A
Tie Beam: 250mm width X 350mm ht (all sides). Class A
Slab on Fill: 150mm thick. Class C
Roof Beam: 250mm width X 450mm ht (all sides). Class A
Roof Deck Slab: 200mm thick (on top of Roof Beam). Class A

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Question: Having the same total volume, which will require more cement? A Highway Pavement that
requires class A concrete? Or a typical house garage slab on fill that only requires a Class C concrete?
Which one will cost more to construct.
Lesson Wrap Up
FAQs:
1. Laboratory tests showed that the water-cement content ratio is the most important consideration in
mixing because it determines not only the strength and durability of the concrete but also the workability
of the mixture.
2. Concrete mixtures in a paste form, is preferred than those mixtures which are flowing with water.
Activity 3: 173.10 Bags of Cement

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Masonry Materials:

1. Define the Different Classification of Concrete. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Materials for Masonry.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Masonry Quantity Surveying, list down Structures
you see every day that used concrete masonry as main material.
Introduction :
Concrete Hollow Block is popularly known as CHB. It is classified as load bearing and non-bearing
blocks. The standard hollow blocks has three void cells and two half cells at both ends having a
total of four.
In this study, what we want to know is the quantity of the materials needed for a certain masonry
work made of concrete.
Estimating concrete hollow blocks generally comprises of the following items.
1 . Concrete hollow blocks.
2. Cement and sand for block laying.
3. Cement, sand and gravel filler for the hollow core or cell.
4. Cement and fine sand for plastering.
5. Cement sand and gravel for foundation or footing.
6. Reinforcing steel bars and
7. Tie wires.

Concrete Hollow Blocks?
What material composes
Concrete Hollow Blocks?
How many pieces of CHB do you
need for 1 square meter of wall?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Concrete Hollowblocks
Concrete Hollow Block is popularly known as CHB. It is classified as load bearing and non-bearing
blocks. The standard hollow blocks has three void cells and two half cells at both ends having a
total of four.
Estimating CHB by Area Method
One square meter area requires 12.5 pieces of CHB. Therefore you can compute the number of
pieces of CHB requires by multiplying the entire are of wall requirement by 12.50.
Say you have a wall or fence 3 meters high by 6 meters in length, you can obtain the number of
CHB by computing the Area 3m X 6m then multiplying it by 12.50.
n = A x 12.50 = [ 3m x 6m ] x 12.50 = 225 pcs

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Cement Mortar
After knowing the number of blocks needed for a particular masonry work, the next step is to find
its work partner called cement mortar. Cement mortar is a mixture of cement, sand and water. It is
used as bonding materials in installing masonry blocks and other various plastering work.
Mortar can be acquired from the table below:
Size of CHB Number Bags Cement Mixture Sand

per sq.
in cm m. A B C D cu.m.
10 x 20 x 40 12.5 0.792 0.522 0.394 0.328 0.044
15 x 20 x 40 12.5 1.526 1.018 0.763 0.633 0.084
20 x 20 x 40 12.5 2.260 1.500 1.125 0.938 0.125
For the fence above, for 4” CHB we can compute the quantity of cement and sand, say for class B.
Cement = [ 3m x 6m ] x 0.522 = 9.396 bags, say 10 bags
Sand = [ 3m x 6m ] x 0.044 = 0.792 cu.m. sand
Plastering
For computing the materials for plastering we can use the table below using the same approach
as the mortar.
Cement in Bags
Mixture
Thickness of Plaster
Class
8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 mm 25 mm
A 0.144 0.216 0.288 0.36 0.45
B 0.096 0.144 0.192 0.24 0.3
C 0.072 0.108 0.144 0.18 0.225
D 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.015 0.0188
Sand 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.02 0.025
Say we have 12mm THK plaster, therefore we have:

Cement = [ 3m x 6m x 2] x 0.144 = 5.18 bags, say 6 bags
Sand = [ 3m x 6m x 2] x 0.012 = 0.432 cu.m sand

Name: Class number:
Practice Problem 1
From the figure, determine the following:

a) quantities of 4” CHB
b) bags of 40kg cement
c) sand for mortar and plaster. (the wall will be plastered 20mm thick on both sides.)


Question: Does size of the concrete hollow blocks affect the quantity of mortar?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. The standard common types of concrete hollow blocks are those with three hollow. There are however
various type of blocks especially designed for architectural and structural purposes such as the stretcher
block, the L-comer block, the single end block, the half block and the beam block.
2. In estimating the quantity of concrete hollow blocks,' what is considered is the side portion of the block.
The thickness is only used in computing the cement mortar for block laying.
3. In block laying work, concrete being a mixture of cement, sand and gravel should be used to fill the
hollow core of the blocks for economical reasons. If cement mortar will be used to fill the core, cost will
be substantially high because of the higher cement content in proportion with sand without gravel.
Activity 3: 173.10 Bags of Cement

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Steel Materials:

1. Learn the basics of reinforcement steel fabrication. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to calculate quantities of materials for mteel
reinforcements.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Steel Quantity Surveying, list down Structures you
see every day that used reinforcement bars.
Introduction :
Steel reinforcing bars are incorporated in concrete to prevent failure when tension and
compression forces exceed the strength of concrete. Round bars are most commonly used to
reinforced concrete. Reinforcement bars may be plain or deformed. Deformed bars are commonly
used because of its characteristic that provides increased bond between the reinforcement bar
and concrete.

steel reinforcements?
What are the available
commercial lengths of steel
reinforcements?
Does splicing have an impact in
computing for quantities of steel
reinforcements?

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B. MAIN LESSON
In estimating the quantity of steel reinforcing bars, one has to consider the additional length for the
hook, the bend and the splice whose length varies depending upon the limitations as prescribed by the
National Building Code.
Types of Reinforcement Minimum Splice Legnth
Tension Bars 25 x Bar Size + 150mm

Compression Bars 20 x Bar Size + 160mm

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Name: Class number:


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Steel Reinforcement Technical Specifications
Steel Reinforcement Estimate
1. Reinforcements for Concrete Hollowblocks
The Area Method is the simplest approach in computing the steel bar reinforcement for CHB with
the aid of Table 1. The values presented in the table include the allowances required for standard
bend, hook and lapping splices.
Table 1 Length of Reinforcements for CHBs
Vertical Reinforcement Horizontal Reinforcement
Spacing
Spacing Length of bars in meter Length of bars in meter
Layer
Per Block Per Sq. mtr Per Block Per Sq. mtr.
40 0.235 2.93 2 0.264 3.3
60 0.171 2.13 3 0.172 2.15
80 0.128 1.6 4 0.138 1.72
With a CHB fence 6 meters long and 1.50 meters high, let’s try to compute for the quantity of
reinforcements if we the vertical reinforcements spaced at 60cm and horizontal reinforcement at

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every 3 layers of CHB.
Solve first for the Area, A = 6.00 m x 1.50 m. A = 9 sq. Mtr.
For vertical reinforcement spaced at 60 cm, we refer to table 1. Length = 9 sq mtr x 2.12 = 19.08
m long. For horizontal reinforcements at every 3 layers, 9 sq mtr x 2.15 = 19.35 m long.
Add the two results, Total Length = 19.08m + 19.35m = 38.43 meters.
Convert the computed value to commercial length of steel bar, say 6 meters. N = 38.43 m / 6 m
= 6.4 pcs. Say 7 pieces of 10mm x 6m Reinforcements.
2. Isolated Footing Reinforcement
Know the actual dimensions of the footing as to its length and width. Consider 7.5mm minimum
concrete cover for structures underground. If the plan Indicate hook or bend of the
reinforcement, the bar cut should include the allowances for the hook and band as presented in
the plans.
Know the spacing distance of the steel bars both ways to determine the exact number required.
Select the appropriate commercial length of steel bar which is divisible by the required cut length
to avoid unwanted cuts.
Lets have an example. Say we have 6 footings with same dimensions, 1.50 x 1.50 meters. Find the
total number of 16mm steel bars required if the spacing if the spacing is 15cm on center.
Find the net length of one cut reinforcing bar. L = 1.5m – 2 (7.5cm) = 1.35 meters.
Compute of the number of bars per direction, n = [1.5m - 0.15m] / 0.15m = 9 pcs
Compute for the total number of bars for all footings N = [ n x 2 ] x 6 = 108 pcs.
Therefore we need 108 pcs of 16mm x 1.35m. Convert this to commercial length, say 6 meters.
How many 1.35m bars do we get from a 6.0m length steel bar from the store, 6.00 m / 1.35 m =
4.44 pcs. We will not consider the fractional value of 0.44 because it is less than the 1.35m length
of one cut bar. Instead we will only use the whole value of 4.
Therefore we wille divide N to 4 to get how many 6m length steel bar we require to order. 108

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pcs / 4 = 27 pcs.
We require 27pcs – 16mm x 6.0m
3. Post/Column Reinforcement
The reinforcement of post and column to be considered

(a.) The main or vertical reinforcement,
(b.) The lateral ties or
(c.) Spiral ties for circular column
The quantity and length of the main reinforcement is determined by the "Direct Counting
Method”, giving special attention to the additional length for
a. Lap joints of end splices
b. AlIowance for bending and or hook
c. Additional length for beam depth and floor thickness
d. Distance from floor to footing slab.
e. Provisions for splices of succeeding floors.
Lets have the following detailed drawing as an example. Find the required vertical reinforcement
from the fooring to the second floor using 20mm if there are a total 6 columns in the plan.

Name: Class number:

Determine the total length of the main reinforcement

a. Bend at the base footing ....................... 0.20
b. Length from footing to ground floor ........ 1.20
c. Height from ground line to beam ........... 3.50
d. Depth of beam ........................ : ......... . 0.50
e Thickness of the floor slab ..... ............. . 0.15
f. Dowel for second floor (20 x 20 mm) ..... . 0.40
Total Length of the Reinforcement.... 5.95 M.
Say we use a 6.00 meters long steel bar. Multiply the number of bars in one column x 6 columns.
n = 8 x 6 = 48 pcs per column.
Multiply to 6 columns
N = 48 x 6 = 288 pcs
Therefore we need to order 288pcs - 20mm x 6.0m
4. Beam and Girder Reinforcement

The same as columns or post main reinforcements, Direct Counting so far is the best method in
determining the number of main reinforcements of beam and girder. The length however is
determined by the physical condition of the structure in relation with their support.
1. Verify the plan if the span or distance of the column where the beam is resting indicates the
following conditions:
a) Center to center of the column
b) Outer to center of the column
c) Outer to outer side of the column
d) Inside to inside span
2. Verify the splicing position of the reinforcement if it is adjusted to the commercial length of
steel bars. Take note that "the lesser the splice the Iesser the cost".
3. Identify the bars with hook and bend for adjustment of their order length.

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5. Stirrups for beam and girder

The spacing distance of the stirrup requires special consideration because they are gradually
becoming closer towards the support. Hence, it is important to get the average number of
stirrups pers pan or by direct counting from the detailed plan.
Lets have an example using the figure below. Compute for the number of 12mm stirrups required
if there are 4 girders of the same design.

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By direct counting, there are 15 stirrups per span, if there are 4 girders then
N = 15 x 4 girders = 60 stirrups
By inspection the length of one stirrup is 150cm. If we use 6.0m long steel bars, we can get 4 pcs
of 150cm. Therefore we can compute how many 12mm x 6.0m steel bars we need
60 / 4 = 15 pcs 12mm x 6.0m steel bars

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 1

Name: Class number:

From the figure, determine the following:
a.) As per plan total reinforcement weight in kilograms
b.) Quantity in pieces of all reinforcement using 6.0 meter commercial length of steel bar
c.) Difference of weight in kilograms of actual length of bars as per plan versus the total quantity using
6.0m commercial lengths.


Question: Do commercial lengths of rebars affect the estimate and cost?
FAQs:
1. The most common commercial length of bars available are 6 m, 7.5m, 9m, 10.5m and 12m
2. The total height of columns is taken from the top of the footing up to to the top of column or highest
beam.
3. The minimum concrete cover for footings is 75mm and for columns and beams is 40mm.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Electrical Materials:

1. Have basic knowledge on Electrical Layout. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities for Electrical Layouts.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Electricity Quantifying, always bear in mind it is a
necessity in human's daily activity. Electricity is a basic need for human comfort, from the simplest household
to the more elaborate dwellings, complex offices and even to the most sophisticated buildings
Introduction :
Basically, the electric circuitry in a house or building comprises the branch circuit, the feeder, and
the main. The National Electrical Code provides that the branch circuit that supplies current to
lighting and convenience outlets shall be of ample size and rating to carry the expected load. It
shall at all times be protected with an over current protection called fuse or circuit breaker.

What is the importance of
Electricity?
How do you measure electricity?
How do I determine the size and

type of electrical wires to use?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Sample Problem
Above is an example of a single family dwelling electrical lighting layout. Let’s try to determine the
following:

Name: Class number:

a. Size of the branch circuit wire for lighting outlets.

b. Size of the conduit-pipes
c. Size or rating of the fuse protective device.
From the electrical layout shown, we can determine the number of lighting outlets by direct
counting. And there are 8 light outlets.
The National Electrical Code states that “100 watts shall be the maximum load for each household
lighting outlet. Adopting this we will have:
8 lighting outlets x 100 watts = 800 watts.

From there we can determine the Total Current Load
800 watts / 230 volts = 3.48 amperes
We can now determine the size of the conductor wire for the lighting circuit. Refer to the Table 2-5
below. We can use 2 pieces 2.0 mm2 or No. 14 TW copper wire having an ampacity of 15 amperes that is
much larger than the 3.48 amperes computed maximum load.
We can determine the size of the conduit pipe from the table 2-9 below. The smallest conduit pipe that
could accommodate 2 pieces of No. 14 TW conductor wire is 13mm diameter. Therefore specify 13mm
diameter conduit pipe.
We can determine the size or rating of the fuse protective device from table 4-1 provided below. We can
use 15 amperes fuse.
The National Electrical Code states that “Ampacity of the connected load shall not exceed 80% of the
amperage capacity of the conductor and the fuse”. So for fuse and wire capacity, 80% of 15 amperes is
equal to 12, therefore we can be safe that it is enough to carry the 3.48 amperes computed load for the
lighting outlets.

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Name: Class number:


Name: Class number:


Name: Class number:

Above is the convenience outlet layout of the single family dwelling. The National Electrical Code states
that “for each single receptacle shall be considered at no less than 180 watts rating.” Simply means that
each convenience outlet is considered to have a maximum load of not less than 180 watts per plug or
gang.
From the electrical lay out above we can compute for the maximum loading for the convenience outlets.
6 outlets x 2 plugs = 12 pieces
12 pieces x 180 watts = 2,160 watts
Then we can determine the Maximum Expected Current Load

2,160 watts / 230 volts = 9.39 amperes.
We can determine the size of the conductor wire from table 2-5. For 9.39 amperes, we can use 2 pieces
3.5mm2 or No. 12 TW copper wire.
We can determine the size of the conduit pipe for 2-No.12 TW wire from table 2-9. Use 13mm Conduit

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pipe.
Determine the over current fuse protection from table 4-1. There it is provided that 20 amperes fuse can
safely carry the maximum load of the 80% capacity of No. 12 TW wire load of 16 amperes permitted by
the National Electrical Code.
Further examining the Electrical Layout, there we can see other loads.
1-unit electric stove at 1.1 kw = 1,100 watts
1-unit water heater at 2.5 kw = 2,500 watts
Total Load 3,600 watts
Computing for the current load:

3,600 watts / 230 volts = 15.65 amperes
Determining the size of the conductor wire from table 2-5, use 2 pieces 3.5mm 2 or No. 12 TW copper
wire
Determining the size of the Conduit Pipe from table 2-9, use a 13mm diameter conduit pipe.
Determining the size or rating of the over current protective fuse fom table 4-1, use 20 amperes fuse
rating.
Size of the Service Entrance
Solve for the total load circuit, lighting outlets + convenience outlets + other outlets.
Total Load = ( 800 watts + 2,160 watts + 3,600 watts ) / 230 volts
Total Load = 28.52 amperes
Apply 80% demand factor as stated in the National Electrical Code.
Total Load = 28.52 ampers x 80%
Total Load = 22.8 amperes

Determine the size of the service wire from table 2-5, use 2 pieces 8.0mm 2 or No. 8 TW copper wire.
Determine the size of the conduit pipe for the service wire from table 2-9, use 20mm diameter conduit

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pipe.
One Line Diagram

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Therefore we can formulate and estimate for the electrical system of the singe family dwelling house.
Materials Quantity
Safety Switch, 30 amp 1 pcs

Fuse Cutout, two branches 1 unit
30 amperes fuse 2 pcs
8.0 mm2 TW copper wire 50 mts

3.5 mm2 TW copper wire 1
2.0 mm2 TW copper wire 1/2 roll
13mm diameter PVC conduit pipe 18 pcs
20mm diameter PVC conduit pipe 5 pcs
One gang switch with plate 4 pcs

Two gang switch plate 2 pcs
Two gang convenience outlet 6 pcs
Cooking unit outlet 2 pcs
Junction box with screw 7 pcs
Receptacle with screw 8 pcs

Utility box 14 pcs
Incandescent lamp 4 pcs
Fluorescent lamp 4 pcs
Electrical tape (big) 2 pcs
The quantity of materials is subject to change depending upon the area of the house.

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 1
Below is a single family dwelling electrical lighting layout. Determine the following:
a. Size of the branch circuit wire for lighting outlets. Divide into two circuits, 1 and 2.
b. Size of the conduit-pipes
c. Size or rating of the fuse protective device.

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 2
Below is a single family dwelling electrical convenience outlet layout. Determine the following:
a. Size of the branch circuit wire for convenient outlets. Divide into two circuits, 1 and 2.
b. Size of the branch circuit wire for 1 electric stove
c. Size of the branch circuit wire for 1 water heater
d. Size of the branch circuit wire for 1 aircon unit
e. Size of the branch circuit wire for 1 aircon unit
f. Size of the conduit-pipes
g. Size or rating of the fuse protective devices for each circuit.


Question: Do lighting outlets have the same size of wire for an aircondition outlet?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. Ampere is the standard unit used in. measuring the strength of an electric current, named after Andre M.
Ampere.
2. Watt - is the rate or measure of power used or consumed.
3. Volt or Voltage is the electrical pressure that causes the electrons to move through a conductor (wire).

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Earthworks Materials:

1. Define what is Earthworks. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Earthworks
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Earthworks, try to observe the construction projects
around you, see how many excavating and hauling equipments are on site doing works.
Introduction :
The moving of earth (soil, rock, etc.) is referred to a re-grading and/or earthwork. At a high level,
soil types have various properties and conditions. Soil typically is generally quantified as
consisting of a combination of Silt, Sand, and Clay and these properties may have expansive
and/or contractive properties. For the purposes of the methods presented in this course, we will
assume in the analysis that relocated soil upon compaction will occupy the same volume in the
proposed condition as it does in the existing.

What is earthwork?
How do you quantify Earthwork?
How do you save cost in

Earthwork?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
In the locations where soil is excavated or removed is referred to as the “cut”. The location where soil is
moved to or placed is referred to as “fill”.
A site design that provides for an equal volume of cut and fill is referred to as “balanced”. It is beneficial
to balance the site if possible as there are costs to having to bring soil onto the site or to have to take
soil away from the site. Bringing soil to the site is referred to as importing soil. When excess soil needs to
be removed / taken away from a site, this is is referred to as exported soil.
Traditional Method (Averaging the differences of the nodes)

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Below we have a topographical map with proposed earthwork for 2 areas/quadrants, blue and red.
Calculate the required earthwork for the land development.
First define the existing and proposed elevations of each node C3, C4, D3, D4, D5, E4, and E5.
Next determine the differences of the elevations and determine the average net change per 20m X 20m
quadrant. Using a table, calculate the differences.
Quadrant C3/D4 (BLUE)

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Node Existing Elev Proposed Elev Elevation Difference (meters)
C3 289 270 -19
C4 273 270 -3
D4 264 270 6
D3 268 270 2
Total -14
Average -3.5
Quadrant D4/E5 (RED)

Node Existing Elev Proposed Elev Elevation Difference (meters)
D4 264 260 -4
D5 254 260 6
E5 248 260 12
E4 255 260 5
Total 19
Average 4.75
Next calculate the net cut and fill associated with each quadrant, then calculate the net cut and fill for the
total analysis.
BLUE -3.5 x 20 x 20 = - 1,400 cu.m. FILL

RED 4.75 x 20 x 20 = 1,900 cu.m. CUT
Net Total 500 cu.m. FILL
Therefore the 500 cubic meter of filling materials is required for the earthwork land development.

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 1
With the Topo Map from before, calculate the cut and fill if we have a 50m x 50m quadrant.


Question: Can we save cost if we have a more balanced earthwork?
FAQs:
1. Balance earthwork cut (excavation) and fill (embankment) volumes such that the percent difference
between cut and fill is less than or equal to 10 percent of the average total volume of material moved.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Unit Cost Derivation: Labor Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Procurement of
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
1. Know what and how much time is needed to complete a References:
certain construction work. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to calculate unit costs for labor in construction
works.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Labor Unit Cost, always remember that
construction materials will now form itself, labor work must be put into it.
Introduction:
Productivity in construction is often broadly defined as output per labor hour. Since labor
constitutes a large part of the construction cost and the quantity of labor hours in performing a
task in construction is more susceptible to the influence of management than are materials or
capital, this productivity measure is often referred to as labor productivity.
Construction output may be expressed in terms of functional units. Labor productivity is

associated with units of product per labor hour, such as cubic meter of concrete placed per hour
or square meter of highway paved per hour.

steel reinforcements?
What are the available
commercial lengths of steel
reinforcements?
Does splicing have an impact in
computing for quantities of steel
reinforcements?
B. MAIN LESSON

Name: Class number:

These are average productivity ratios of an average construction worker. Productivity ratios
of manpower and equipment are used in the construction industry to estimate how much time
is needed to complete a certain work.
DESCRIPTION Output UNIT
STRUCTURAL EXCAVATION
Common excavation
Hand 6 man hour / cubic meter
Machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
Rock excavation 8 man hour / cubic meter
Hauling of spoils 1 man hour / cubic meter
STRUCTURAL BACKFILL
By hand 5 man hour / cubic meter
By machine 2 man hour / cubic meter
3.TRENCHING
By machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
EXCAVATION- MANUAL
Common earth 8 man hour / cubic meter
Loam of sand 1.31 man hour / cubic meter
Clay or heavy soil 1.64 man hour / cubic meter
Rock 2.63 man hour / cubic meter
EXCAVATION- MECHANICAL
Common earth 6.67 man hour / cubic meter
Rock with jack hammer 16.67 man hour / cubic meter
BACKFILLING
Common manual 0.82 man hour / cubic meter
Gravel fill manual 5 man hour / cubic meter
4.CONCRETE WORKS
Grade members
Formworks 2.54 man hour / square meter

Name: Class number:

Concreting 8.54 man hour / cubic meter
Rebar 0.07 man hour / kilogram
Finishing 0.4 man hour / square meter
Suspended members
Embeded metal 0.27 man hour / kilogram
Water proofing 1.82 man hour / square meter
Joint filler 0.3 MH/lLm
PLACING CONCRETE
Slab on Fill 5 man hour / cubic meter
Slip Form 25 man hour / cubic meter
Floor Finish Unhardened 1 man hour / cubic meter
Concrete finished hardened 1.43 man hour / cubic meter
REBAR WORKS
Ground floor installation 0.07 man hour / cubic meter
Upper floor installation 0.08 man hour / cubic meter
Fabrication 0.1 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing manual 16 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing machine 1.8 man hour / cubic meter

Name: Class number:

FORM WORKS INSTALLATION

Wall on ground 2 man hour / square meter
Wall above ground 2.35 man hour / square meter
Beams 3.08 man hour / square meter
Columns 2.35 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab
Suspended slab 0 – 18″ 1.67 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab 10 – 36″ up 3.33 man hour / square meter
Elevated & shored slab forming

Forming only 8.6 man hour / square meter
Forming & Shoring 11 man hour / square meter
Wood wall & Partition 0.5 man hour / square meter
FORM WORKS FABRICATION

Form works fabrication 1 man hour / square meter
STRIPPING OF FORMS
Wall on ground 0.25 man hour / square meter
Wall above 10″ 1.29 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab
Elevated & shored slab forming –
strip of forms 3.5 man hour / square meter
Floor slab at grade – strip of forms 2.8 man hour / square meter

Name: Class number:

FINISHING AND MASONRY WORKS

H. CHB
4” CHB
Laying 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
Tooling 11 – 14 square meter / day
Plastering 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
6” CHB
Laying 7.0 – 9.0 square meter / day
8” CHB
STRUCTURAL STEEL
Fabrication
Light 110-130 man hour / metric ton
Heavy 60-90 man hour / metric ton
Errection

Name: Class number:

Sample Problem 1
How long will it take a skilled worker to finish a 4” CHB wall with dimensions 20 meters long and 2
meters high? Inside and outside face are to be plastered.
How much is the labor cost of the whole project if skilled is paid Php700/8hrs.
What is the unit Labor Cost of the work?
1. CHB Laying: Area = 20 x 2 = 40 sq m

Days = 40 / 8 = 5 days
2. Tooling: Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 14 = 5.7 days
3. Plastering Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 8 = 10 days
4. Total Days 5 + 5.7 + 10 = 20.7 days, say 21

5. Labour Cost 21 x 700 = 14,700 Php
6. Labor Unit Cost 14,700 / 40 = 367.50 Php / sq m
Sample Problem 2
From the provided rebar cutting schedule below, determine the following
a. Duration of the fabrication stage with 6 skilled workers.
b. Labour cost of the rebar fabrication.
c. What is the unit labor cost?
Steel Wt. = 865 kg

Duration = [ 865 kg x ( 0.07 hr / kg ) ] / 6
= 10.09 hours
Labour Cost = 700 x 6 x (10 / 8)

= 5,250 Php
Labor Unit Cost = 5,250 Php / 865 kg

= 6.07 Php / kg

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 1
A 4” CHB wall with dimensions 50 meters long and 2 meters high is to be constructed. Calculate
the Labor Cost for masonry and steel reinforcement work.


Question: Do labor cost go up when more materials are to be worked on?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. Poor weather conditions could have a detrimental impact on construction labor productivity.
2. Moral and attitude of your workers can seriously dent your project productivity, and can result in a
number of serious other issues if not handled correctly.
3. Construction productivity can also be significantly impacted if the workers are feeling fatigue, generally
caused by extended periods of “physical exertion”.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Unit Cost Derivation: Labor Materials:

1. Know what and how much time is needed to complete a References:
certain construction work. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to calculate unit costs for labor in construction
works.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of Labor Unit Cost, try to spot a single structure in
your neighboordhood. A waiting shed for example, think of how do know how much would
you a pay a group of workers to construct it.
Introduction:
Productivity in construction is often broadly defined as output per labor hour. Since labor
constitutes a large part of the construction cost and the quantity of labor hours in performing a
task in construction is more susceptible to the influence of management than are materials or
capital, this productivity measure is often referred to as labor productivity.
Construction output may be expressed in terms of functional units. Labor productivity is

associated with units of product per labor hour, such as cubic meter of concrete placed per hour
or square meter of highway paved per hour.

Does having more workers mean
they can finish the work faster?
What factors affect worker
production output?
Does using unit cost derivation
help you make quotations
easier?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
These are average productivity ratios of an average construction worker. Productivity ratios
of manpower and equipment are used in the construction industry to estimate how much time
is needed to complete a certain work.
DESCRIPTION Output UNIT
STRUCTURAL EXCAVATION
Common excavation
Hand 6 man hour / cubic meter
Machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
Rock excavation 8 man hour / cubic meter
Hauling of spoils 1 man hour / cubic meter
STRUCTURAL BACKFILL
By machine 2 man hour / cubic meter
3.TRENCHING
By machine 0.5 man hour / cubic meter
EXCAVATION- MANUAL
Common earth 8 man hour / cubic meter
Loam of sand 1.31 man hour / cubic meter
Clay or heavy soil 1.64 man hour / cubic meter
Rock 2.63 man hour / cubic meter
EXCAVATION- MECHANICAL
Common earth 6.67 man hour / cubic meter
Rock with jack hammer 16.67 man hour / cubic meter
BACKFILLING
Common manual 0.82 man hour / cubic meter
Gravel fill manual 5 man hour / cubic meter
4.CONCRETE WORKS
Grade members

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Suspended members
Embeded metal 0.27 man hour / kilogram
Water proofing 1.82 man hour / square meter
Joint filler 0.3 MH/lLm
PLACING CONCRETE
Slab on Fill 5 man hour / cubic meter
Slip Form 25 man hour / cubic meter
Floor Finish Unhardened 1 man hour / cubic meter
Concrete finished hardened 1.43 man hour / cubic meter
REBAR WORKS
Ground floor installation 0.07 man hour / cubic meter
Upper floor installation 0.08 man hour / cubic meter
Fabrication 0.1 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing manual 16 man hour / cubic meter
Mixing machine 1.8 man hour / cubic meter

Name: Class number:

FORM WORKS INSTALLATION

Wall on ground 2 man hour / square meter
Wall above ground 2.35 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab
Elevated & shored slab forming

Forming only 8.6 man hour / square meter
Forming & Shoring 11 man hour / square meter
Wood wall & Partition 0.5 man hour / square meter
FORM WORKS FABRICATION

Form works fabrication 1 man hour / square meter
STRIPPING OF FORMS
Wall on ground 0.25 man hour / square meter
Wall above 10″ 1.29 man hour / square meter
Suspended slab
Elevated & shored slab forming –
strip of forms 3.5 man hour / square meter
Floor slab at grade – strip of forms 2.8 man hour / square meter

Name: Class number:

FINISHING AND MASONRY WORKS

H. CHB
4” CHB
Laying 8.0 – 10 square meter / day
6” CHB
8” CHB
STRUCTURAL STEEL
Fabrication
Errection

Name: Class number:

Sample Problem 1
How long will it take a skilled worker to finish a 4” CHB wall with dimensions 20 meters long and 2
meters high? Inside and outside face are to be plastered.
How much is the labor cost of the whole project if skilled is paid Php700/8hrs.
What is the unit Labor Cost of the work?
1. CHB Laying: Area = 20 x 2 = 40 sq m

Days = 40 / 8 = 5 days
2. Tooling: Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 14 = 5.7 days
3. Plastering Area = 40 x 2 = 80 sq m
Days = 80 / 8 = 10 days
4. Total Days 5 + 5.7 + 10 = 20.7 days, say 21

5. Labour Cost 21 x 700 = 14,700 Php
6. Labor Unit Cost 14,700 / 40 = 367.50 Php / sq m
Sample Problem 2
From the provided rebar cutting schedule below, determine the following
a. Duration of the fabrication stage with 6 skilled workers.
b. Labour cost of the rebar fabrication.
c. What is the unit labor cost?
Steel Wt. = 865 kg

Duration = [ 865 kg x ( 0.07 hr / kg ) ] / 6
= 10.09 hours
Labour Cost = 700 x 6 x (10 / 8)

= 5,250 Php
Labor Unit Cost = 5,250 Php / 865 kg

= 6.07 Php / kg

Name: Class number:

Practice Problem 1
A 4” CHB wall with dimensions 50 meters long and 2 meters high is to be constructed.
a. Calculate the Labor Cost for masonry and steel reinforcement with vertical bars spacing
60cm and horizontal rebars every 2 layers of masonry.
b. What is the unit cost of labor for the job?


Question: Do labor cost go up when more materials are to be worked on?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. Poor weather conditions could have a detrimental impact on construction labor productivity.
2. Moral and attitude of your workers can seriously dent your project productivity, and can result in a
number of serious other issues if not handled correctly.
3. Construction productivity can also be significantly impacted if the workers are feeling fatigue, generally
caused by extended periods of “physical exertion”.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Unit Cost Derivation: Materials Materials:

1. Learn how to calculate unit costs of materials. References:
2. Know the importance of knowing the unit costs of different www.Hwayengg.org
construction works.
Productivity Tip: To help you remember the importance of knowing units costs of materials, try to distinguish
materials used on a single structure. For a CHB fence, materials are cement, sand, masonry and
reinforcement steel. How do you make a short cut formula to compute the total material cost of the Wall?
Introduction:
Same with labor cost, materials are also converted to unit cost. This can be in terms of Peso per
cubic meter, peso per square meter, etc.
.

How do you compute for unit
costs of materials for construction
works?
Does using unit cost derivation
help you make quotations
easier?
How does unit cost help you in
making quotations or bids?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Lets take the sample problem from before, so we have a 4” CHB wall with dimensions 20 meters
long and 2 meters high, plastered at both sides.
Therefore we have quantities as follows:
Wall Area 40 sq m
Description factor Quantity Unit Cost Cost
CHB 12.5 500 pcs 12 Php/pc 6,000.00 Php

Cement
Mortar 0.522 20.88 bags 215 Php/bag 4,489.20 Php
Cement
Plaster 0.144 5.76 bags 215 Php/bag 1,238.40 Php
Sand Mortar 0.044 1.76 cu m 350 Php/cu m 616.00 Php
Sand Plaster 0.012 0.48 cu m 350 Php/cu m 168.00 Php
Total Cost 12,511.60 Php

The unit cost material of the said wall will be the total material cost divided by the total wall area
Material Unit Cost = 12,511.60 / 40

Material Unit Cost = 312.79 Php / sq mtr
Lets take another example from the Isolated Footing requiring 288 pcs – 20mm x 6m.
Diameter,
Description Quantity Length, m Cost
mm
FT 1 288 20 6 276,981.12
unit weight 2.47 kg/m

total weight 4261.25 kg
Unit Cost 65.00 Php/kg

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Practice Problem 1
What is the unit cost Php/sq meter of a 50m by 2m 4” CHB wall if you are to include the cost of
rebars with vertical spacing 60cm every 2 layers?


Question: Can you make a list of material unit costing for different works? Will it aid you to make
quotations more quickly rather than computing from scratch?
FAQs:
1. Other than the direct cost of materials, you should add variable costs to the total cost, like delivery fee,
other taxes, etc.
2. Prices of construction materials always change, some even on a daily basis like steel reinforcements. One
must always be updated for your quotations to be competitive.

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Cie 126 Quantity Surveying

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Syllabus

PEN Code: CIE 126 Credit: 2 units

C. Course Topics and Time Allotment:

5  Detailed Quantity Survey: Steel 4

Engr. John T. Zamora

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Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Invitation to Bid. Materials:

Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What is an Invitation to Bid?

What is the importance of an

What is Invitation to Bid (IB)?

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Why do you advertise/post an Invitation to Bid?

What does an IB contain?

1. The name and location of the contract to be bid;

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What is Competitive Bidding?

What is Invitation to Bid?

What does the Invitation to Bid

What is the main reason you

Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2

Activity 5: Check for Understanding

Activity 6: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

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1. Bidders are screened whether qualified or not.

KEY TO CORRECTIONS (refer TG’s )

Answers to Skill-Building Exercises;

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Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Bid Forms. Materials:

Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

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Activity 2: Content Notes

Bid forms can be used in two ways:

Basics of a Bid Form

What Goes on a Construction Bid Form?

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Project Owner Expectations

Materials and Services Not Included

CONDITION NECESSARY ACTION PARTY RESPONSIBLE

[Contractor] is not responsible for the remediation of any existing conditions

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8. Formal Bid & Signatures

Activity 3: Skill-building Activities

Fill the Box

What must be outlined in Bid Forms

What are 2 ways Bid Forms can be