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Full Form's: SAP-SD Notes
Full Form's: SAP-SD Notes
1. Full Form’s
SAP - Systems, Applications, Products in data processing
ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning
ECC – ERP Central Component
SPRO – SAP Project Reference Object.
LSMW –Legacy System Migration Workbench
EDI - Electronic Data Interchange
IDOC - Intermediate Document
2. SAP Use
SAP (System Application and Product) is the name of the company as well as the
software itself. SAP is the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system that aims to
integrate all the different modules in the company. Also for products allow
businesses to track customer and business interactions.
3. Enterprise structure
Definition >
Logistics – General
Define, copy, delete, check plant
Define, copy, delete, check division
Materials Management
Maintain storage location
Logistics Execution
Define, copy, delete, check shipping point
Maintain loading point
Maintain transportation planning point
Assignment >
Sales and Distribution
Assign sales organization to company code
Assign distribution channel to sales organization
Assign division to sales organization
Set up sales area
Assign sales office to sales area
Assign sales group to sales office
Assign sales organization - distribution channel – plant
Assign sales area to credit control area
Logistics – General
Assign plant to company code
Assign Business Area to Plant/Valuation Area and Division
Logistics Execution
Assign shipping point to plant
1) SD document category
The document category controls how the system behaves & it is pre-determined
in SAP and cannot be added to.
A classification for the different types of documents that you can
Process in the sales and distribution system (for example: quotations,
sales orders, deliveries, and invoices).
A Inquiry
B Quotation
C Order
D Item proposal
Item cat. Determination for Sales:- Sales document type+ item category group +
usage +Higher level Item category + default Item category + manual item category
Use of- Item category it control how the item is to behave in the document type.
Item category (VOV7) - Item categories are defined to provide additional control
functions for the Sales Documents Flow. For example, the functions of a standard
item are completely different from those of a free-of-charge item or a text item.
how the material behaves from the sales quotation right through to the invoice
b)Item category group: A grouping of materials that the system uses to determine
item categories during the processing of sales documents.
Item category group" is valid for respective Sales organisation and Distribution channel
combination only. That means, for different combination of Sales organisation and Distribution
channel(Distribution chain), you can have different "Item category group".
Item category group determines how a material is processed in the sales order.
When processing sales and distribution
documents, the system uses the item category group to determine the item
category and proposes it in the respective document. Item category group is
defined in the Sales Org View 2 of Material Master Record.
Example, in the standard SAP System, the item category group NORM is defined
for materials kept in stock and the group DIEN for services and non-stock material.
6. Delivery Item Category & Determination (0184)
SPRO- IMG- Logistic Execution-Shipping-Delivery- Define Item Category
Determination in Deliveries
Item cat. Determination for Delivery:- Delivery type+ item category group +
usage +Higher level Item category + default Item category + manual item category
CP – for MRP
CN – No Material Planning
9. Plant Determination
St
1 Preference - Customer material Info record
2nd Preference- Customer master
3rd Preference - Material Master
CONFIGURATION
Step: 1
Define Modes of Transport
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Define Routes - Define Modes of Transport.
Step: 2
Define Shipping Types
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Define Routes - Define Shipping Types
There select New Entries and Assign the Shipping Type (e.g. Road or Train) and Assign Mode of
Transport (Mdtr) and Assign Shipping type Procedure group.
Step: 3
Define Transportation Connection Point
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Define Routes - Define Transportation Connection Point.
Step: 4
Define Routes and Stages
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Define Routes - Define Routes and Stages.
Select the New Entries and Enter the Details
Then Select the Routes stages and define
Step: 5
Maintain Stages for all Routes.
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Define Routes - Maintain Stages for all Routes.
Step: 6
Define Transportation Zone
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Route Determination - Define Transportation Zone.
Step: 7
Maintain County and Transportation Zone for Shipping Point
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Route Determination - Maintain County and Transportation Zone for Shipping Point.
Select the Shipping point and enter the Country and Transportation Zone
Step: 8
Define Transportation Groups.
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Route Determination - Define Transportation Groups
Step: 9
Maintain Route Determination
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Route Determination - Maintain Route Determination.
Go to Customer master data.
In Address of General data. Enter the Transportation Zone id. and save
Step: 10
Maintain Weight Group
Path: SPRO - Logistics Execution - Transportation - Basic Transportation Function - Routes -
Route Determination – Define Weight Groups.
Pick –Pack Time → Shipping Point , Route and Weight Group- Pick pack time
workday & Hours.
Loading Time→ Shipping Point, Route and Loading Group – Gross Loading time & Hours
Account group
SPRO- Logistic General- Business Partner-Customer –Account Group.
Use of - It controls:
i) Number range ( we can give separate number range based on Account
group)
ii) Whether the account is a one-time account
iii) Which fields are displayed when you enter or change customer master data
and whether or not an entry must be made in these fields (field status)
i) Daily requirement means the system will carry out availability check for the
orders created at the end of the day and confirm the quantities.
ii) Individual requirement means for each sales order you create, system will
carry out Availibility check and proposal of quantities will happen
accordingly.
# MRP & TOR → During sales order creation, a line item in the sales order may
create a schedule line. The schedule line represents the customer’s requested
delivery date and quantity to be delivered. This information is transferred (transfer
of requirements) to materials requirements planning (MRP). MRP is then able to
determine if there is enough quantity of stock available for the scheduled delivery
date. The transfer of requirements aims to ensure that the materials ordered are
ready for the requested delivery date.
The Requirements Class →The requirements class is the controlling factor for the
availability check and transfer of requirements for all sales documents types. The
system uses the entries at requirements class level as a default and brings the data
into the sales order. The schedule line category is used to fine-tune the settings at
requirements class level.
The Requirements Type→(In sales order – under procurement tab at item level)
Once the requirements class has been created, you need to define requirements
types. A requirements type is allocated to a single requirements class; however, a
requirements class may be allocated to more than one requirements type. The
requirements type is displayed in the sales order. It is based on the item category
and the MRP type of the material. It is possible to change the requirements type at
the time of creating the sales order.
The Schedule Line Category → The transfer of requirements and the availability
check can be fine-tuned at the schedule line category level. Note that this allows
you to deactivate a setting at the schedule line level only if already set at the
requirements class level.
Backward scheduling is always carried out first. If the material availability date or
transportation scheduling date is calculated to be in the past, the system must then
use forward scheduling.
Forward scheduling is also done if no product is available on the material
availability date calculated by backward scheduling. The system does an
availability check to determine the first possible date when product will be available.
This new material availability date forms the starting point for scheduling the
remaining activities. The loading time, pick/pack time, transit time, and
transportation lead time are added to the new material availability date to calculate
the confirmed delivery date.
19. PRICING
Pricing procedure determination →based on combination of Sales area-
Document procedure-Customer pricing procedure- Pricing procedure
Condition type:
i) If we select Header condition and keep Item condition blank, system will not allow
to assign access sequence. Then you know this condition specially Header
condition.
ii) Based on condition class , the condition type category decide, whether, B basic,D
tax or A discount
Access sequence:
i) Exclusive indicator - in condition technique controls whether the system
stops searching for a record after the first successful access for
a condition type within an access sequence
ii) Requirement routine – whether specific sequence valid only for
domestic-7 or export-8.
ii) GST tax GL mapped with OB40 against Transaction, Chart of account –
dummy GL maintained against tax code and actual GL triggered from
J_1IT030K_V with combination of tax code- Business area- Actual GL
In sales order line 10 Qty is 80 & line item 20 Qty is 90, and overall orders Quantity total is
170, hence 2nd condition match & in order Rs.20 discount capture.
22. Condition Exclusion
During pricing in sales and billing documents, more than one condition record may
apply to a particular item at any one time. You can use the condition exclusion
process to compare possible conditions in order to determine such things as the
best price for a customer.
SPRO-SD-BF-PRICING- Condition Exclusion- Condition Exclusion For Groups Of
Conditions –
I. Define Condition Type ( Discount-Z003)
II. Define Condition Exclusion Groups - e.g. A001
III. Assign Condition types to the exclusion groups –for e.g. A001 to Z003
IV. Maintain condition exclusion for pricing procedures – Condition
exclusion group.
a) Best condition between condition types
b) Best condition within the condition type
c) Best condition between the two exclusion groups
d) Exclusive
e) Least favorable between conditions types
f) Least favorable within the condition type
g) Least favorable between the two exclusion groups
V. Then maintain condition record thru VK11 for that condition type
23. Credit Management
To improve revenues and profit by facilitating sales and reducing financial
risks. ... Controlling bad debt exposure and expenses, through the
direct management of credit terms on the company's ledgers.
a) SPRO - Financial Accounting (New) - Accounts Receivable and Accounts
Payable-Credit Management -Credit Control Account -Define Risk Categories
b) Dynamic check
The customer's credit exposure is split into a static part - open items,
open billing, and delivery values - and a dynamic part, the open order
value. The open order value includes all not yet or only partially
delivered orders. The value is calculated based on the shipping date and
the credit horizon you specify in the adjacent field. For the purposes
of evaluating credit, you want the system to ignore all open orders that
are due for delivery after the horizon date. The sum of the static and
dynamic parts of the check may not exceed the credit limit.
The sales order or delivery value may not exceed the maximum value that
you specify in the adjacent field. The value is stored in the currency
of the credit control area. This type of credit check makes sense, for
example, if you process orders for new customers whose credit limits
have not yet been defined. The check can be initiated by a risk category
which is defined specifically for new customers.
o Payment terms
When you process a document, the next credit review date must not be
beyond the current date.
The proportion of overdue open items (that exceed the specified number
of days) in the total of open items should not exceed the percentage specified.
Copy Control is basically meant so that Data is copied from preceding Document to subsequent
one. What subsequent Document is required is to some extent determined by Customer
Requirements as well as Document Types. e.g. In general case of Standard Order, it will be
Copy Control (Order to Delivery) from OR to LF
As we know there are three types of data in Sales Documents
1. Header Level Data
2. Item Level Data
3. Schedule line Data
And for Delivery and Billing Documents, it will be
1. Header Level Data
2. Item Level Data.
Cutomer Hierarchy define → then assign to Assign Account Groups & Assign
Hierarchy Type For Pricing By Sales Document Type
28. Incompletion Procedure
The incompletion procedure identifies which fields are considered incomplete if the
Values are null. (It is the use for which are fields required mandatory)
First define status group & then assign to fields in incompletion Procedure.
Define Status Group – The Status group determines which fields are mandatory for
further processing.
Transaction code:
VBO1 – Create rebate agreement
VBO2– Change rebate Agreement
iii) If Stock transfer between different GSTN plant, but in same state, then
material sales through Tax Invoice with GST applicable
Configuration
a. Both plant create as customer code and Vendor code respectively
b. Customer code assigned in vendor master and vendor code assigned
in customer master
c. In vendor code plant to be assigned (path –vendor code XD03-
Purchasing data-- Extra—Add. Purchasing data – assign plant.
d. Single Sales area to be assign against each plant ( Cannot define
multiple sales area
SPRO—MM--Purchase Order-- Set up Stock Transport Order--Define
Shipping Data for Plants
e. Material master to be extended to sales area
f. Customer master to be extended to sales area
g. Shipping point determination
h. Delivery Item Category determination ( Delivery Type NL & Item
category -NLN
Movement Type –
641 – Transfer stock In Transit
642 – Transfer stock In Transit reversal
Movement Type –
643 – Transfer to cross company
644 – Transfer to cross company reversal
Delivery Item Category determination (Delivery Type NLCC & Item category -
NLC
Billing relevance “F” order related billing status according to Invoice Qty in Item category
Item category – TAS,
Item category Group - BANS
5. In the Processing tab, you can either ‘create challan’ or ‘display’ existing challans.
6. In the next screen, you can select the material document (541 movement type) and
choose the ‘With Challan’ button to create the billing document (Performa invoice).
7. Kindly note user has to take care of create two codes, one is for vendor & another
is for Customer for same party & same needs to assign vice versa before creating
challan.
8. For delivery challan/Invoice print kindly use output type “ZGDL” -Custom
9. Create the goods receipt for the subcontracting purchase order, using transaction
‘MIGO’.
10. Execute MIRO for the invoice verification for the service charges paid to
the subcontractor.
11. For the reconciliation of challans created, execute the transaction ‘J1IGRECON’.
12. There are two options provided for reconciliation:
First In, First Out (FIFO) – It will automatically assign the existing challans to the goods
receipt document
Manual – Enter the GRN number to reconcile the challan for the material document.
11. Once the data is verified, click ‘Save’ to update the reconciliation table.
CONFIGURATION:
Set up STO -Assign Sales Area to the Supplying Plant
Create Customer and assign customer pricing procedure
Maintain Customer for a Vendor
Maintain this customer number in the Vendor (Subcontractor) master details.
New Billing Document Type
A sales organization, a distribution channel and a division must be assigned to the plant from which the
components are to be delivered
Create New Billing Type ZSP (Invoice) & ZSN ( Challan)
Number range for billing type
Maintain Copy control
Maintain the view J_1IG_V_SUBINV
Pricing procedure
Pricing procedure determination
FREE GOODS:
It can be configure in SAP by following two methods
A) Manually B) Automatically
A) Manually:
By specifying higher level item category for a line item, we can determine free goods as a
free of charge items during sale order processing.
B) Automatically:
System proposes free of goods items automatically in the sale order. In automatic free goods
configuration system follows two methods
a) Exclusive b) Inclusive
Exclusive:
System configures free goods in exclusive option by free goods quantity is going to be
excluded in order quantity ex: 10 items, 1 line item is free, then system configures free goods
as a “ten plus one”.
Inclusive:
System configures free goods in inclusive option by free goods quantity is going to be
included in order quantity ex: for 10 items, one item is free, and then system configures free
goods as “Nine plus one”
Note: In exclusive method, other items can be given as a free of charge items for order item
Middle ware software - If the data is transfer from SAP system to another system, then
middleware software use for data security.
WE82 Used to associate the message type and the idoc type
The Sales and Distribution module is used in the text determination for the
following
text objects:
Customer - Info Record - Pricing conds - Sales document – Delivery – Billing doc
- Sales Activity –Shipment - Financial Doc – Legal Control – Agency Business –
Trading Contract
We can copy text from customer Master to sales invoice. To copy text from
source Text (customer master) to Target Text (Sales doc Header) object,
then you have to assigned Source text Object & text ID under Target text
object / Text ID and Partner function-SP.
Configuration – (VOTXN)
Create Text ID under text Object VBBK
Create Text determination procedure
Assign text ID in Text Determination
Assign Access sequence in text determination
Assign Text determination to Sales Doc Type/Delivery Type/Billing Type
1. When you create sales order in SD, all the details of the items are copied
from Material master of MM.
2. MRP and availibility check related data is also taken from MM although you
control this data in SD also.
4. The material which you are entering in a sales order must be extended to the
sales area of your sales order/customer otherwise you cannot transact with this
material.
SD-FI
1. Sales order – No Accounting entry
2. Credit check at sales order level
3. OBD- COGS entry (OBYC - GBB key)
4. Invoice - revenue posting accounting entry( VKOA – Account key)
SD-MM
1. Material determine in sales order
2. Availability check
3. Stock reduce at the time OBD , 601 movement
SAP Standard setting for auto service PO & service entry creation
36. GST taxes & Norms.
Benefit of GST Implementation
a. One tax concept in India
b. One tax structure which is helpful to reduce the compliance.
c. Centralize or state wise GST payment according to sales &
purchase.
d. Limited Tax codes based on GST tax percentage.
e. Easy to return file.
In case old case (Issue & tax to be paid) then we will pay GST tax
against that old tax amount.
GST Taxes
IGST – Export or Inter state
CGST – Intra state
SGST – Intra State
UGST- Intra state (Union territories)
a.ROLLOUT
1. Configuration copied based on standard template.
2. Test data create in Development system.
3. UAT at Quality server
4. All request transfer on Production server.
5. Prepared Legacy data (customer, Material, Open order, delivery, billing) & take
cutoff in system and upload same in SAP system.
Material Master
i- Basic Data 1
ii- Basic Data 2
iii- Classification
iv- Sales Org.data1
v- Sales Org.data 2
vi- Sales general/Plant data
vii- Foreign Trade Export
viii- Sales & Distribution Text
ix- Purchasing
x- Foreign Trade Import
xi- Purchase Order Text
xii- MRP1
xiii- MRP2
xiv- MRP3
xv- MRP4
xvi- Forecast
xvii- Work Scheduling
xviii- General Plant data 1
xix- General Plant data 2
xx- Quality Management
xxi- Accounting 1
xxii- Accounting 2
xxiii- Costing 1
xxiv- Costing 2
INACTIVE :M:
one condition type determined in sales order using Condition record and you also tried to enter manual
price for the same condition type which will inactive condition value triggered with condition record,
in that case , condition type will set as inactive with M
INACTIVE : X
this will result, if any of the routines such as Requirements, alternative calculation type and conditon
base formulas are set correctly or not
INACTIVE: Y
if two or more condition types is determined in the sales order which is valid which have same
properties, then automatically one valid record will be active and all other lower conditions will set as
inactive with Y
for example, if you have one Price with 100$ and other has been enteed manually with 110$, then
system will set price with 100$ to inactive with status Y
So if you want PR00 to be active then set deletion indicator for all other price
condition record in VK12 if it is determined automatically. If manual then dont use
multiple price condition types in your PP.
Change Management
Change Request
Service Request
In the case of rush orders, delivery of the order will be done on the
same day while billing will be done on a later date.
Whereas, in the case of cash sales, both billing, as well as delivery or
order, will be carried out on the same day itself.
Q.Can you point out some of the predefined condition types in SAP SD
system?
PR00 – basic / MWST-Output Tax / B002 to B005 – Rebate / K004/K005 - Discount
Q.Can you point out how many types of sales document exist?
There are three distinct types of sales documents which are as under:
• Sales Document Header (VBAK)
• Sales Document Item (VBAP)
• Sales Document Schedule line (VBEP)
Q.Can you explain the five features which can be used to
control the sale document type?
The features you can use to control a sale document type are listed
below:
• Partner• Delivery • Text• Pricing• Taxes• Output
EXPORT
Customer A/c----------------Dr
Customer rabate A/c------Dr
To Sales A/c --------------Cr
GST A/c----------------Cr
b) STO Invoice
Intra Customer A/c ---------------Dr
To STO-CLEARING---------Cr
GST A/c ---------------------Cr
Quotation / QT
Tcode for creation VA21,VA22,VA23. tables VBAK, VBAP
Purchase Order PO
Tcode for creation ME21,ME22,ME23. tables EKKO, EKPO.
Sales Order OR
Tcode for creation VA01,VA02,VA03. tables VBAK, VBAP
Delivery LF
Tcode for creation VL01,VL02,VL03. tables LIKP, LIPS
Billing MN
Tcode for creation VF01,VF02,VF03. tables VBRK, VBRP
To create a sales order we need purchase order number and custmer number.
Before that, to create a purchase order we need to have material no, vendor no.
Table Description
MARD Storage
Location Data
for Material
Output
NAST Message Status
SD Shipping Unit
VEKP Shipping unit item (Content)
VEPO Shipping Unit Header
Delivery Due Index - item
VBUP: Item status
VBAP: Sales document: Item data
VBKD: Sales document: Business Data
VEBA: Contract
VBLB: Forecast delivery schedules
VBEP: Sales document: Schedule line
VBBE: Individual requirements
VBBS: Summarized requirements
VBUV: Incompletion log
VBFA: SD document flows
VBPA: Partner
JSTO: PP status
NAST: Output
STXH: Texts: Header
STXL: Texts: Lines
KONV: Conditions
Sales activities
VBKA Sales activity
VBUV: Incompletion log
VBPA: SD document: Partner
SADR: Address
VBFA: SD document flows
NAST: Output
STXH: Texts: Header
STXL: Texts: Lines
Logical database:
AK V: Sales documents
Material
MARA General material data
MAKT Short texts
MARM Conversion factors
MVKE Sales data (for each sales organization and distribution channel)
MLAN Sales data (for each country)
MAEX Export licenses
MARC Plant data
MBEW Valuation data
MLGN Warehouse management inventory data
MLGT Warehouse management inventory type data
MVER Consumption data
MAPR Pointers for forecast data
MARD Storage location data
MCH1 Cross-plant batches
MCHA Batches
MCHB Batch stocks
KNMTK Header table
for increased performance
KNMT Data table
Logical databank for material master
CKM Material master
MSM Material master
Bill of Material (BOM)
MAST Material assignment to BOM
EQST Equipment assignment to BOM
KDST Sales order assignment to BOM
DOST Document assignment to BOM
STST Standard object assignment to BOM
TPST Functional location assignment to BOM
STKO BOM header data
STZU Time-independent STL data
STAS BOM item selection
STPO BOM item data
STPU BOM sub-item data