MATHEMATICS

(10-12/GCE)
PAPER TWO
STEP BY STEP SOLUTIONS
 CONTENTS
STUDY TIPS ................................................................................................................. ii

ALGEBRA ............................................................................................................... 1

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS .......................................................................................... 7

MATRICES .............................................................................................................. 10

SETS .............................................................................................................. 13

PROBABILITY .............................................................................................................. 19

SEQUENCES AND SERIES .......................................................................................... 25

COMPUTERS ........................................................................................................... 35

VECTOR GEOMETRY .......................................................................................... 41

CONSTRUCTION AND LOCI .......................................................................................... 50

CALCULUS ........................................................................................................... 56

MENSURATION .......................................................................................................... 63

TRIGONOMETRY ........................................................................................................ 69

EARTH GEOMETRY ............................................................................................ 77

STATISTICS ........................................................................................................... 83

LINEAR PROGRAMMING .......................................................................................... 101

TRANSFORMATIONS .......................................................................................... 113

QUADRATIC FUNCTION .......................................................................................... 125

2020 GCE PAPER 2 .................................................................................................... 137

Mr 6points @ mr_6points Mr 6points

i
 MATHEMATICS PAPER 2 (4024/2)
This paper comprises of two sections,A and B.There are six (6) compulsory
questions in section A giving a total of 52 marks.Section B also has six (6)
questions but you are only required to answer any four (4) questions which
give a total of 48 marks.
* You have to show all your working clearly.
* You are allowed to use a calculator.

Study Tips
The only key to passing mathematics is a lot of practice. Make sure you
go through some questions from different topics everyday.

Mathematics Paper 2 is very easy to pass because you know what topics
will appear in the exam.The topics that appear in both section A and B are
repeated every year as you will tell from this pamphlet.

Note:
-Practice math daily.
-Understand the concepts of each topic.
-Go through as many questions as possible on a topic from this pamphlet and
other study material.
-Revise past papers from 2016 - present.
-For section B,you should only focus on 4 topics and make sure you are able
answer questions on those topics

Once you go through all the questions and answers in this pamphlet,I am
confident that you will be ready to face the exam.

Any mistakes are ‘human error’, the methods used are correct.

ALL THE BEST!!!!

Mr 6points

ii © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 1 - ALGEBRA
1 .2016 P2
x 1
(a) Simplify
x2  1
x 1
=
x 2  12
x 1
= ( x  1)( x  1)

1
=
x+1

17k 2 51k 2
(b) Simplify 
20a 2 5a

17 k 2 5a
= 
20 a2 51k 2
17  k  k 5a
= 
20  a  a 51  k  k

= 17 5

20 a 51
1
=
12a

2 1
(c) Simplify 
2x  1 3x  1
2(3 x  1)  1(2 x  1)

(2 x  1)(3 x  1)
6x  2  2x  1

(2 x  1)(3 x  1)
6x  2x  2  1

(2 x  1)(3 x  1)
4x  3

(2x  1)(3x  1)

1 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
(a) Simplify 2x 2  8
x 2

2( x 2  4)

x 2
2( x 2  22 )

x 2
2( x  2)( x  2)

x 2
 2( x  2)
 2x  4

(b) Simplify 14x 3 7x 4


9y 2 18y 3

14 x 3 18y 3
 
9y 2 7x 4
14  x  x  x 18  y  y  y
 
9y y 7x x  x  x
4y

x

1 2
(c) Simplify 
x  4 5x  1

1(5 x  1)  2( x  4)

( x  4)(5 x  1)
5x  1  2x  8

( x  4)(5 x  1)
5x  2x  1  8

( x  4)(5 x  1)
3x  7

(x  4)(5x  1)

2 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
(a) Simplify m 2  1
m2  m
m 2  12

m(m  1)
(m  1)( m  1)

m(m  1)
m1

m

p 2 q3 8
(b) Simplify 4

pq
 2q 2 q

p2q 3 8 1
  
4 pq 2 p2q
p pqqq 8 1
  
4 pq 2 p pq
q

p

3 2
(c) Simplify 
5x  2 x  3

3( x  3)  2(5 x  2)

(5 x  2)( x  3)
3 x  9  10 x  4

(5 x  2)( x  3)
3 x  10 x  9  4

(5 x  2)( x  3)
 7x  13

(5x  2)(x  3)

3 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 P2
b  a
(a) Simplify
a2  b2

 ( a  b)

(a  b)( a  b)
1

(a  b)

12dn 3 9c 3n
(b) Simplify 
15cd 3 10c 2 d2

12 dn 3 10 c 2 d 2
 
15 cd 3 9c 3 n
12  d  n  n  n 10  c  c  d  d
 
15  c  d  d  d 9cccn
8n 2

9c 2

3 4
(c) Simplify 
x 1 x 1

3( x  1)  4( x  1)

( x  1)( x  1)
3x  3  4x  4

( x  1)( x  1)
3x  4x  3  4

( x  1)( x  1)
x 7

(x  1)(x  1)

4 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
(a) Simplify 6x 2  24
x  2
6( x 2  4 )

( x  2)
6( x 2  2 2 )

( x  2)
6( x  2)( x  2)

( x  2)
 6( x  2 )
 6x  12

25p 4 5p 6 p
(b) Simplify 7q 2
 
21q 4 15q

25p4 21q 4 p
  
7q2 5p6 15q
25  p  p  p  p 21  q  q  q  q p
  
7qq 5  p  p  p  p  p  p 15  q
q

p

5 4
(c) Simplify 
2x  4 3x  5

5(3 x  5)  4(2 x  4)

(2 x  4)(3 x  5)
15 x  25  8 x  16

(2 x  4)(3 x  5)
15 x  8 x  25  16

(2 x  4)(3 x  5)
7x  41

(2x  4)(3x  5)

5 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
(a) Simplify 2x 2
 18
x  3
2( x 2  9)

x 3
2( x 2  32 )

x 3
2( x  3)( x  3)

x 3
 2( x  3)
 2x  6

(b) Simplify 10x 3 y 2 2x 2 y 2


35x 5 y 4 7x 4 y 2
10x 3y 2 7x 4y 2
 
35x 5y 4 2x 2y 2
10  x  x  x  y  y 7 x  x  x  x y y
 
35  x  x  x  x  x  y  y  y  y 2 x  x y y
1

y2

6 5
(c) Simplify 
n3 n2

6(n  2)  5(n  3)

(n  3)( n  2)
6 n  12  5n  15

(n  3)( n  2)
6 n  5n  12  15

(n  3)( n  2)
n3

(n  3)(n  2)

6 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 2 QUADRATIC EQUATION
1 .2016 P2
Solve the equation x² + 2x = 7,giving your answers correct to 2 decimal
places. x² + 2x - 7 = 0 a = 1 , b = 2 c = -7
b b 2  4 ac
x 
2a

2 2 2  4  1  (  7)

2 1
 2  32

2
 2  5 .656854249  2  5 .656854249
 or
2 2

x = 1.83 or x = -3.83

2. 2017 P2
Solve the equation 2x² = 6x + 3 giving your answer correct to 2 decimal
places. 2x² - 6x - 3 = 0 a = 2, b = -6 c = -3

b b 2  4 ac
x 
2a
 (  6)  (  6)2  4  2  (  3)

22
6 60

4

6  7 .745966692 or  6  7 .45966692
4 4

x = 3.44 or x = - 0.44

7 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
Solve the equation 3z² = 7z - 1 giving your answer correct to 2 decimal
places. 3z² - 7z + 1 = 0 a = 3 , b = -7, c = 1
b b 2  4 ac
x 
2a
 (  7)  (  7)2  4  3  1

23
7 37

6
7  6 .08276253 7  6 .08276253
 or 
6 6

x = 2.18 or x = 0.15

4. 2018 GCE P2
Solve the equation x² - 4x - 2 = 0 giving your answer correct to 2 decimal
places. a = 1 , b = -4 , c = -2

b b 2  4 ac
x 
2a
 (  4)  (  4)2  4  1  (  2)

2 1
4 24

2
4  4 .898979486 4  4 .898979486
 or 
2 2

x = 4.45 or x = - 0.45

8 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
Solve the equation p² - p = 4 giving your answer correct to 2 decimal
places. p² - p - 4 = 0 a = 1 b = -1 c = - 4
b b 2  4 ac
p 
2a
 (  1)  (  1)2  4  1  (  4)

2 1
1  17

2
1  4 .123105626 or 1  4 .123105626
 
2 2

p = 2.56 or p = - 1.56

6. 2019 GCE P2
Solve the equation 13 - 9x - 5x² = 0 giving your answer correct to 2
decimal places. -5x² - 9x + 13 = 0
-1
5x² + 9x -13 = 0 a = 5 , b = 9 , c = -13

b b 2  4 ac
x 
2a
(  9)  (9)2  4  5  (  13 )

25
(  9)  341

10
(  9)  18 .46618531 (  9)  18 .46618531
 or 
10 10

x = 0.95 or x = - 2.75

9 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 3 - MATRICES

1. 2016 P2
3 -2
Given that Q = , find
x 4
(a) the value of x , given that the determinant of Q is 2,
(b) the inverse of Q.
3 -2
(a) det Q = (3 × 4) − ( x × - 2) (b) Q =
-5 4
2 = 12 - (-2x)
2 = 12 + 2x
1 d -b
2 - 12 = 2x Inverse =
det -c a
-10 = 2x
x = -5
-1 1 4 2
Q =
2 5 3
2. 2017 P2
3 -2
Given that the matrix M = , find
5 x
(a) find the value of x for which the determinant of M is 22,
(b) hence find the inverse of M
3 -2
(a) det M = (3 × x) − ( -2 × 5) (b) M =
5 4
22 = 3x - ( -10)
22 = 3x + 10
1 d -b
22 - 10 = 3x Inverse =
det -c a
12 = 3x
x=4
-1 1 4 2
M =
22 -5 3

10 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
10 -2
Given that the matrix K = , find
11 -2
(a) the determinant of K
(b) the inverse of K

1 d -b
(a) det K = (10 × -2) − ( -2 × 11) (b) = Inverse =
det -c a
= -20 - (- 22)
= -20 + 22 -1 1 -2 2
=2 K =
2 -11 10

4. 2018 P2
4 -5 8 y
Given that A = and B = 3 5 ,
1 2
(a) find the value of y, for which the determinants of A and B are equal,
(b) hence find the inverse of B

(a) det A = (4 × 2) − ( -5 × 1) 1 d -b
(b) Inverse =
= 8 - ( -5) det -c a
= 8+5
= 13 -1 1 5 -9
B =
13 -3 8
det B = (8 × 5) − ( y × 3)
13 = 40 - 3y
13 - 40 = - 3y
-27 = -3y
y=9

11 © Mr 6points
5. 2018 GCE P2
2x 2
Given that matrix A = ,
3 x
(a) find the positive value of x for which for which the determinant of A is
12.
-1
(b) hence or otherwise, write A

(a) det A = (2x × x) - ( 2 × 3) 2×3 2 6 2

(b) A = =
12 = 2x² - 6 3 3 3 3
12 + 6 = 2x²
18 = 2x² 1 d -b
Inverse =
x² = 9 det -c a
x =√9
x= ±3 -1 1 3 -2
x=3 A =
12 -3 6
6. 2019 GCE P2
8 12
The determinant of Q = is 8. Find ,
x-4 x
(a) the value of x
(b) the inverse of Q.
8 12 8 12
(a) det Q = (8 × x) − ( 12 × (x - 4)) (b) Q = =
10 - 4 10 6 10
8 = 8x - (12x - 48)
8 = 8x -12x + 48
8 = -4x + 48 1 d -b
Inverse =
4x = 48 - 8 det -c a
4x = 40
x = 10 -1 1 10 -12
Q =
8 -6 8

12 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 4 - SETS

1. 2016 P2
Of the 50 villagers who can tune in to Kambani Radio Station, 29 listen to
news,25 listen to sports, 22 listen to music, 11 listen to both news and
sports,9 listen to both sports and music,12 listen to both news and music,
4 listen to all the three programmes and 2 do not listen to any programme.

(i) Draw a Venn diagram to illustrate this information.

(ii) How many villagers

(a) Listen to music only,
(b) Listen to one type of programme only,
(c) Listen to two types of programs only.

(i)
News Sports
E
7 9
10
4
8 5

2 5
Music

(ii) (a) 5 villagers

(b) 10 + 9 + 5 = 24 villagers

(c) 8 + 7 + 5 = 20 villagers

13 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
A survey carried out at Kamulima Farming Block showed that 44 farmers
planted maize, 32 planted sweet potatoes, 37 planted cassava, 14 planted
both maize and sweet potatoes, 24 planted both sweet potatoes and
cassava, 20 planted both maize and cassava, 9 planted all the three crops
and 6 did not plant any of these crops.

(i) Illustrate this information on a Venn diagram.

(ii) How many farmers

(a) Where at this farming block
(b) Planted maize only
(c) Planted two different crops

(i)
Maize Sweet P
E
5 3
19
9
11 15

6 2
Cassava

(ii) (a) total = 6 + 19 + 5 + 9 + 3 + 15+ 2 + 11 = 70 farmers

(b) 19 farmers

(c) 11 + 5 + 15 + 9 = 40 farmers

14 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
The Venn diagram below shows tourist attractions visited by certain
students in a certain week.

Victoria falls Mambilima falls

6 2
2y + 1
10
4 1

8
E Gonya falls

(i) Find the value of y if 7 students visited Mambilima Falls only.

(ii) How many students visited

(a) Victoria falls but not Gonya Falls,
(b) Two tourist attractions only,
(c) One tourist attraction only?

(i) 2y + 1 = 7
2y = 7 - 1
2y = 6
y=3

(ii)(a) 6 + 2 = 8 students

(b) 4 +1 + 2 = 7 students

(c) 6 + 8 + 7 = 21 students

15 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2
The diagram below shows how learners at Twatenda School travel to
school. The learners use either buses (B), cars (C) or walk (W) to school.

E B C

14 2
7
x
4 3

7
W

(i) If 22 learners walk to school, find the value of x.

(ii) How many learners use
(a) only one mode of transport,
(b) two different mode of transport.

(i) 4 + 7 + 3 + x = 22
14 + x = 22
x = 22 - 14
x=8

(ii)(a) 14 + 7 + 7 = 28 learners

(b) 4 + 2 + 3 + 8 = 17 learners

16 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
The Venn diagram below shows the number of elements in sets A, B and C.

Find
(i) x, such that n(B) = n(B∪C) ’
(ii) y, such that n(C) = n(A)
(iii) n(E)
(v) n(B’)

(i) x - 4 + 8 + 5 = 7 + 10
x + 9 = 17
x = 17 - 9
x=8

(ii) 5 + 2y = 7 + 8
5 + 2y = 15
2y = 15 - 5
2y = 10
y=5

(iii) 10 + 8 + 7 + 5 + 4 + 10 = 44

(iv) 10 + 10 + 7 = 27

17 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
The Venn diagram below shows the optional subjects that all the Grade 10
learners at Kusambilila Secondary took,in a particular year.

E HISTORY MUSIC GEOGRAPHY

59 x-3 x+2 x-2 43

(i) Given that 12 learners took Music , find the value of x.

(ii) How many learners were in Grade 10 this particular year?
(iii) Find the number of learners who took
(a) one optional subject only
(b) two optional subjects only

(i) x - 3 + x + 2 + x - 2 = 12
x + x + x - 3 - 2 + 2 = 12
3x - 3 = 12
3x = 12 + 3
3x = 15
x=5
HISTORY MUSIC GEOGRAPHY
E
(ii) 59 + 2 + 7 + 3 + 43 = 119 learners
59 2 7 3 43
(iii) (a) 59 + 7 + 43 = 109 learners
(b) 2 + 3 = 5 learners

18 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 5 - PROBABILTY
1. 2016 P2
A survey was carried out at certain hospital indicated that the probability
that patient tested positive for malaria is 0.6. What is the probability that
two patients selected at random.

(a) one tested negative while the other positive,

(b) both patients tested negative.

P( negative) = 1 - P(positive)
= 1 - 0.6
= 0.4

(a) P(1 negative & other positive) = (0.6 × 0.4) + (0.4 × 0.6)
= 0.24 + 0.24
= 0.48

(b) P(both positive) = (0.4× 0.4)

= 0.16

2. 2017 P2
A box of chalk contains 5 white, 4 blue and 3 yellow pieces of chalk. A
piece of chalk is selected at random from the box and not replaced. A
second piece of chalk is then selected.

(a) Draw a tree diagram to show all the possible outcomes.

(b) Find the probability of selecting pieces of chalk of the same colour.

19 © Mr 6points
W = 5, B = 4, Y = 3. total = 12

(a)(i) 4 W WW
11 4
11 B WB
3
11 Y WY
5
12
W 5 W BW
4 11 3
12 11 B BB
B 3
3 11 Y BY
12 Y
5 W YW
11 4
11 YB
B
2
11 Y YY

(ii) P(WW) or P(YY) or P(BB)

5 4 3 2 4 3
× + × + ×
12 11 12 11 12 11
19
=
66

3. 2017 GCE P2
In a box of 10 bulbs, 3 are faulty. If two bulbs are drawn at random one
after the other, find the probability that
(a) Both are good.

(b) One is faulty and the other one is good.

20 © Mr 6points
Faulty = 3 , good = 10 – 3 = 7
6
G G G
9
7 G
10 3 F G F
9 G FG
7/9
3
F
10 2
F F F
9

(a) P(both good) = P(G , G)

7 6
= ×
10 9

7
=
15
(b) P(one is faulty and the other one is good ) = P(G , F) + P(F , G)

7 3
= × + 3×7
10 9 10 9
7
=
15

4. 2018 GCE P2
A box contains identical buttons of different colours. There are 20 black,
12 red and 4 white buttons in the box. Two buttons are picked at random
one after the other and not replaced in the box.

(a) Draw a tree diagram to show all the possible outcomes.

(b) What is the probability that both buttons are white?

21 © Mr 6points
 B = 20 , R = 12 , W = 4. total = 36

(a) 19 B BB
35 12
35 R BR
4
35 W BW
20
B 20 B RB
36 12 35 11
36 35 R RR
R 4
4 35 W RW
36 W
20 B WB
35 12
35 R WR
3
35 W WW

(b) P(both white = P(WW)

4 3
= ×
36 35
1
=
105

5. 2019 P2
A box contains 4 red pens and 5 green pens.A pen is picke at random from
the box without replacement and a second pen is picked,

(i) Draw a tree diagram to illustrate the outcomes.

(ii) What is the probability of picking one red pen and one green pen?

22 © Mr 6points
 Red pens = 4 , Green pens = 5 total = 9
3
R R R
(i) 8
4 R
9 5 G R G
8 R R R
4/8
5
G
9 4
G G G
8

(ii) P(one red pen and one green pen) = P(R ,G) or P(G , R)

4 5
= × + 5× 4
9 8 9 8

5
=
9

6. 2019 GCE P2
Thirteen teen cubes of the same size numbered 1 to 13 are placed in a bag.
If two cubes are drawn at random from the bag one after the other and
not replaced ,what is the probabilty that

(i) both cubes are odd numbered,

(ii) only one is even numbered.

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13
odd numbers 1,3,5,7,9,11,13 = 7
even numbers 2,4,6,7,10,12 = 6

23 © Mr 6points
(i) 6
O OO
12
7 O
13 6 E OE
12 7/12 O E O

6
E
13 5
E E E
12

(ii) P(only one is even numbered) = P(E , O) or P(O , E)

6 7
= × + 7× 6
13 12 13 12

7
=
23

24 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 6 - SEQUENCES & SERIES
1. 2016 P2
The first three terms of a geometric progression are x + 1 , x − 3 and
x − 1.

(a) the value of x,

(b) the first term,
(c) the sum to infinity.
T2 T T
(a) We know that r =  3  ....... n
T1 T2 Tn  1
x 3 x 1
 
x 1 x 3

= (x − 3) (x − 3) = ( x − 1) (x + 1)
= x² − 3x - 3x + 9 = x² + x - x - 1
= x² - x² - 6x + 9 = - 1
= - 6x = -1 - 9

= - 6x = -10
10
x =
6
x = 5
3
(b) x + 1 is the first term
5
 1
3
8
=
3

25 © Mr 6points
 a
(c) S  
1r
8
S  3
 1
1   
 2
8
S  3
3
2
8 3
S  
3 2
8 2
S  
3 3
16
S 
9

2. 2017 P2
For the geometric progression 20, 5, 1 1
4 , . . . , find

(a) the common ratio,

(b) the nth term,
(c) the sum of the first 8 terms.

(a) r  T2  T1
5

20
1

4
= 0.25

26 © Mr 6points
 (b) Tn  ar n 1
n 1
1
Tn  20  
4
1n 1
Tn  20 n 1
4
20
Tn  n 1
4

a(1  r n )
(c) S n 
1r
20 (1  (0 .25 )8 )
S8 
1  0 .25
20 (1  0 .0000155890 6)
S8 
0 .75
20 (0 .9999847412 )
S8 
0 .75
S8  26 .66625977
S 8  26.7

3. 2017 GCE P2
The first three terms of a geometric progression are 6 + n, 10 + n
and 15 + n. Find

(a) the value of n,

(b) the common ratio,
(c) the sum of the first 6 terms of this sequence.
T2 T T
(a) We know that r =  3  ....... n
T1 T2 Tn  1
10  n 15  n
 
6n 10  n

27 © Mr 6points
 (10 + n) (10 + n) = (6 + n) (15 + n)
= 100 + 10n + 10n + n² = 90 + 6n + 15n + n²
= 100 + 20n + n² = 90 + 21n + n²
= 100 - 90 = 21n - 20n + n² - n²
= 100 - 90 = 21n - 20n
n = 10

The GP is 16,20,25...

20
(b) r 
16
5

4

n
(c) S  a(1  r )
n
1r
16 ((1 .25 )6  1
S6 
1 .25  1
16 (3 .814697266  1)
S6 
0 .25
16 (2 .814697266 )
S6 
0 .25
42 .03515625
S6
0 .25
S6  180 .140625
S 6  180

28 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2
2
In a geometric progression, the third term is 2 and the fourth term is
9 27
Find

(a) The first term and the common ratio,

(b) The sum of the first 5 terms of the geometric progression,
(c) The sum to infinity.

(a) Tn  ar n 1
T3  ar 3 1
2
 ar 2
9
2
a .........equation (i )
9r 2
T4  ar 4 1
2
 ar 3........equation (ii )
27
2
Replace a with
9r 2
2 2
 2
 r3
27 9r
2 2r

27 9
54 r  18
18
r 
54
1
r 
3
2
a
1
9  ( )2
3
a2

29 © Mr 6points
 1
common ratio =
3

a(1  r n )
(b) Sn 
1r
5
1
2(1    )
S5 3
1
1
3
 1 
2 1  5 
3 
S5 
2
3
 1  2
S 5  2 1  
 243  3
 243  1  3
S 5  2 
 243  2
 242 
S 5  3 
 243 
242
S5
81
S 5  2.99

a
(c) S 
1r
2
S 
1
1
3
2
S 
2
3
S  3

30 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
Given the geometric progression 4,8,16..... find

(i) the geometric mean of 256 and 1024

th
(ii) the 11 term
(iii) the sum of the first 11 terms

(i) Lets first find how 8 was found

a = 4, b?, c =16
b=√a×c
b = √ 4 × 16
b = √ 64
b= 8
Repeat the process for the second one.
a = 256, b?, c =1024
b=√a×c
b = √ 256 × 1024
b = √ 262144
b = 512

(ii) r = 8 ÷ 4 = 2
Tn  ar n  1
T11  4  211 1
T11  4  210
T11  4  1024
T11  4096

31 © Mr 6points
 a(r n  1)
(iii) S n 
r 1
4(211  1)
S 11 
2 1
4(2047 )
S 11 
1
S 11  8188

6. 2019 GCE P2
In a geometric progression,the third term is 16 and the fifth term is 4.
Calculate

(i) the first term and the common ratio,

(ii) the tenth term
(iii) the sum to infinity.

(i) T3  16 , T5  4

Tn  ar n 1

T3  ar 3 1
16  ar 2
16 ar 2
 2
r2 r
16
a  2 .........equation (i )
r
T5  ar 5 1
4  ar 4........equation (ii )

Replace a with 16
r2

32 © Mr 6points
 16
4 2
 r4
r
4  16 2
4 16 r 2

16 16
1
r2 
4
1
r2 
4
1
r  ........common ratio
2

16
a
r2
16
a 2
1
 
2
16
a
1
4
1
a  16 
4
4
a  16 
1
a  64 ...........first term

33 © Mr 6points
(ii) Tn  ar n 1 (iii) a
S 
10  1 1r
1
T10  64    64
2 S 
1
9 1
1 2
T10  64   
2 64
S 
1
1
T10  64  2
512
1
64 S   64 
T10  2
512
2
1 S  64 
T10  1
8 S  128

34 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 7 - COMPUTERS
1. 2016 P2
The program below is given in the form of a pseudo code.
Start
Enter radius
If radius < 0
Then display “error message” and re-enter positive radius
Else enter height
If height < 0
The display “error message” and re-enter positive height
Else Volume = 1 *  * square radius ∗ height
End if 3
Display volume
Stop
Draw the corresponding flowchart for the information given above.
Start

Enter , r

is yes
Error
r<0? “r must be positive”
no
Enter , h

is yes Error
h<0? “h must be positive”
no
1
V= π *r*r*h
3

Display Volume

Stop

35 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
Study the flow chart below

Write a pseudo code corresponding to the flow chart program above.

Start
Enter radius
If radius < 0
Then display “error message “
1
Else Area = 2 * r * r * sinθ
End if
Display Area
Stop

36 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
Study the flow chart below
Start

Enter a , r

No
is
|r| < 1 ?

Yes

a
S 
1 r

Display sum to infinity

Stop

Write a pseudo code corresponding to the flow chart program above

Start
Enter a and r
If |r| < 1
a
Then sum to infinity =
1-r
Else
End if
Display sum to infinity
Stop

37 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 P2
The program below is given in a form of a Pseudo code
Start
Enter x,y
Let M = square root(x squared + y squared)
IF M < 0
THEN display error message “ M must be positive”
ELSE
END IF
Display M
Stop
Draw the corresponding flow chart for the information given above

38 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
The program below is given in a form of a Pseudo code
Begin
Enter length
If length < 0
Then display “ error message and re-enter positive length”
Else enter height
If height < 0
Then display “ error message and re-enter positive length”
1
Else volume = *l*l*h
3
End if
Display volume
End
Draw the corresponding flow chart for the information given above
Start

Enter , l

is yes Error
l<0? “l must be positive”
no
Enter , h

is yes Error
h<0? “h must be positive”
no
1
V= *l*l*h
3

Display Volume

Stop

39 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
The flow chart below shoes in calculating the volume of a solid given the
base area(A) and height(h)

Start

Enter A

is yes “error message”

A<0? A must be positive
no
Enter h

is yes “error message”

h<0? h must be positive
no

V=A*h

Display V

Stop
Write a pseudo code corresponding to the flow chart program above
Start
Enter area
If area < 0
Then display “error message “
Else
Enter height
If height < 0
Then display “error message “
Else Volume = A * h
End if
Display Volume
Stop

40 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 8 - VECTOR GEOMETRY
1. 2016 P2
In the diagram below,OAB is a triangle in which OA = 3a and OB = 6b
OC : CA = 2 : 3 and AD : DB = 1 : 2. OD meets CB at E
A
D
3a
C E

O B
6b
(i) Express each of the following in terms of a and/or b
(a) AB
(b) OD
(c) BC

(ii) Given that BE = hBC,express BE in terms of h , a and b.

(i)(a) AB = AO + OB
= -3a + 6b
AB = 6b - 3a

(b) OD = OA + AD
1
 OA  AB
3
1
 3 a  (6 b  3 a )
3
 3a  2b  a
OD = 2a + 2b

41 © Mr 6points
 (c) BC = BO + OC (ii) BE = hBC
2 6 
  OB  OA  h a  6 b 
5 5 
2
  6 b  (3 a) h 
5 BE  6  a  hb 
5 
6a
 6b 
5
BC  6 a  6b
5

2. 2017 P2
In the diagram below , OP = 2p ,OQ = 4q and PX : XQ = 1 : 2.
P C

O Q

(i) Express in terms of p and/or q

(a) PQ
(b) PX
(c) OX
 h 4h
(ii) Given that OC = h OX ,show that CQ  4  1   q  p
 3 3

(a) PQ = PO + OQ
= -2p + 4q
PQ = 4q - 2p
1
(b) PX = (PQ)
3
PX = 1 (4q - 2p)
3

42 © Mr 6points
(c) OX = OP + PX
= 2p + 1 (4q - 2p)
3
6p + 4q - 2p
=
3
6p - 2p + 4q
=
3
4p + 4q
OX =
3

(ii) OC = hOX
 4p  4q 
OC = h 
 3 
CQ = CO + OQ
= -OC + OQ
 4 p  4q 
  h   4q
 3 
 4 hp 4 hq
   4q
3 3
4hq 4h
 4q   p
3 3
 h 4h
 41  q  p hence shown
 3  3

43 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
In the diagram below, OABC is a parallelogram in which OA = a and AB
= 2b. OB and AC intersect at D. E is the midpoint of CD.
A 2b B

a
E

O C
(i) Express in terms of a and/or b.
(a) OB,
(b) OE,
(c) CD.

(a) OB = OA + AB
OB = a + 2b

(b) To find OE , first find CA and AE

CA = CO + OA
= -2b + a
3
AE   CA
4
3
  ( a  2 b)
4
.
. . OE = OA + AE
3
 a ( a  2 b)
4
3 6
 a a b
4 4
4 a  3a 3
  b
4 4

44 © Mr 6points
 1 3 1
 a b (c) CD  CA
4 4 2
1 1
OE  (a  3b)  (  2 b  a)
4 2
1
 b  a
2
1
CD =  ab
2
4. 2018 P2
In the quadrilateral ABCD , AB = a and AD = b . BC = 2b and AE:AC = 1 : 3
C

D 2b
E
b
B
A a

(i) Find in terms of a and/or b

(a) AE (b) BE (c) BD

(ii) Hence or otherwise shows that the points B,D and E are collinear.

1
(i)(a) AE  AC
3
AC  AB  BC
AC  a  2 b
1
AE  (a  2b )
3

45 © Mr 6points
 (b) BE  BA  AE (c) BD = -AB + AD
1 = -a + b
 a  ( a  2 b)
3 BD = b - a
1 2
 a  a  b
3 3
 3a  a 2
  b
3 3
2 2
  a b
3 3
2 2
 b
3 3
2
BE  (b  a)
3

(ii) Since BE  2 (b  a)
3
and BD = b - a
2
BE = BD
3
Therefore the points B,E and D are collinear

46 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
In the diagram below, OB = 4OA and AC = 5AX. M is the midpoint of BC ,
OA = a and BM = b. C

X b
O
a A
B
(I) Express in terms of a and/or b.
(a) AB
(b) AC
(c) OM
2
(ii) show that OX = (4a + b)
5

(i)(a) AB = OB - OA
= 4a - a
AB = 3a

(b) AC = AB + BC
AC = 3a + 2b

(c) OM = OB + BM
OM = 4a + b

47 © Mr 6points
 (ii) OX = OA + AX
1
 a (3 a  2 b)
5
3a  2b
 a
5
a 3a  2b
 
1 5
5a + 3a + 2b
5

= 8a + 2b
5
= 2(4a + b)
5
= 2
(4a + b) hence shown
5

6. 2019 GCE P2
AC 1
In the diagram below, OA = a ,OB = b = CB

2
B

C
M
O
a A
(i) Express in terms of a and/or b
(a) AB,
(b) AC,
(C) OC.

48 © Mr 6points
(i)(a) AB = AO + OB (b) AC  1
= -a + b CB 2
AB = b - a AC : CB
1 : 2
1
AC  (b  a)
3

(c) OC = OA + AC
1
 a (b  a)
3
a 1 1
  b a
1 3 3
3a + b - a
3
2a + b
=
3
2a b
 
3 3
1
OC  (2a  b)
3

49 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 9 - CONSTRUCTION AND LOCI

1. 2016 P2
(a) (i) Construct triangle ABC where AB = BC = CA = 7cm
(ii) Measure and write the size of ∠CAB.

(b) Within triangle ABC construct the locus of points which are
(i) Equidistant from AB and BC
(ii) 4cm from B
(iii) 3cm from AB

(c) A point R, within triangle ABC, is such that it is nearer to BC than AB,
less that 3cm from AB and less than 4cm from B. Shade the region in
which R must lie.
C

7 cm 7 cm

B
A 7 cm

50 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
(a) Construct a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 10cm, and angle ABC =
120°, angle BAD = 60°, BC = 7cm and AD = 11cm.

(b) Measure and write the length of CD

(c) Within the quadrilateral ABCD, draw the locus of points which are
(i) 8cm from A
(ii) Equidistant from BC and CD.

(d) A point P, within the quadrilateral ABCD, is such that it 8cm from A and
equidistant from BC and CD. Label point P.

(e) Another point Q, within the quadrilateral ABCD, is such that, it is nearer
to CD than BC and greater than or equal to 8cm from A. indicate, by
shading,the region in which Q must lie.

(b) CD = 8.9cm D
8.9 cm

Q C

.
11 cm

P
7 cm

60 ° 120 °
A 10 cm B

51 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
(a) (i) Construct triangle PQR in which PQ is 9cm, angle PQR = 60° and
QR = 10cm.
(ii) Measure and write the length of PR.

(b) On your diagram, draw the locus of points with triangle PQR which are
(i) 3cm from PQ,
(ii) 7cm from R,
(iii) Equidistant from P and R.

(c) A point M, within triangle PQR, is such that it is nearer to R than P, less
than or equal to 7cm from R and less than or equal to 3cm from PQ.
Shade the region in which M must lie.

(a)(ii) PR = 9.5 cm R

10 cm
9.5 cm

60 °
P 9 cm Q

52 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 P2
(a) (i) Construct triangle XYZ in which XY = 9cm, YZ = 7cm and angle
XYZ = 38°
(ii) Measure and write the length of XZ.

(b) On your diagram within triangle XYZ, construct the locus of points
which are
(i) 6cm from Y
(ii) equidistant from XY and XZ

(c) Mark clearly with letter P, within triangle XYZ, a point which is 6cm from
Y and equidistance from XY and XZ.

(d) A point Q within triangle XYZ is such that its distance from Y is less than
or equal to 6cm and its nearer to XY than XZ. Indicate clearly by shading
the region in which Q must lie

53 © Mr 6points
5. 2018 GCE P2

(a) (i) Construct triangle PQR in which PQ = 10cm, QR = 8cm and PQR
= 50°.
(ii) Measure and write the length of PR.

(b) On your diagram, within triangle PQR, construct the locus of points
which are
(i) equidistant from P and Q
(ii) equidistan t from PR and PQ
(iii) 5cm from R

(c) A point T within triangle PQR is such that it is 5cm from R and
equidistant from P and Q. Label point T.

(d) Another point X is such that it is less than or equal to 5cm from R,
nearer to Q than P and nearer to PQ than PR. Indicate by shading,
the region in which X must lie.

54 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2

(a) (i) Construct triangle JKL in which KL = 8cm, KJ = 6cm and JL = 10cm.
(ii) Measure and write angle JLK.

(b) (i) 5cm from J,

(ii) 3 cm from JL
(iii) equidistant from Jk and JL

(C) A point Q , within triangle JKL,is such that it is greater than or equal to
5cm from J,less than or equal to 3cm from JL and nearer to JK than to
JL. Indicate by shading the region in which Q must lie.

L
(a)(i) JLK = 38º

10 cm
6 cm

J K
8 cm

55 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 10 - CALCULUS

1. 2016 P2
3 3 2
The equation of the curve is  x  x .Find
2
(a) equation of the normal where x = 2,
(b) the coordinates of the stationary points.
3 2
(a) y  x3  x
2
dy
 3x 2  3x
dx
 3(2)2  3(2)
6

m1 = 6 which is the gradient of tangent to the curve we know that

tangent is perpendicular to the normal,
m1 m2 = -1, at x = 2, y = 2
1
m2 = -
6
y - y1 = m2 (x - x 1) (2,2)
1
y  2   (x  2)
6
1 2
y   x  2
6 6
1 2  12
y x
6 6
1 14
y x
6 6
1 14
6y   x 6  6
6 6
6y  x  14

56 © Mr 6points
 dy
(b) At stationary points, 0
dx
3x - 3x = 0
3x(x - 1) = 0
x = 0 or x = 1
for x = 0
3
y  (0)3  (0)2  0
2
for x = 1
3 2 1
y  (1)3  (1)  
2 2
1
(0 , 0) and (1 , - ) stationary points
2

2. 2017 P2
(a) Find the coordinates of the points on the curve y = 2x³ - 3x² - 36x - 3
where the gradient is zero.
3

2
(b) Evaluate ( 3x  2 x)dx
1

(a) y = 2x³ - 3x² - 36 - 3

dy
 6 x 2  6 x  36
dx
6x2 6x 36
0  
6 6 6
x2  x  6  0
(x  2)(x  3)  0

x = -2 or x = 3
When x = -2
y = - 16 - 12 + 72 - 3
y = 41

57 © Mr 6points
 When x = 3
y = 2(-2)³ - 3(3)² - 36(3) - 3
y = 2(3)³ - 3(3)² - 36(3) - 3
y = - 84
(-2 , 41) and (3 , -84) coordinates
3
(b) 1
(3x 2  2x)dx

3x 2 1 2x11  3
  
 2  1 1  1  -1
3x 3 2x 2  3
  
 3 2  -1
= [ x³ - x² ] -13
= [(3)³ - (3)² ] - [(-1)³ - (- 1)² ]
= (27 - 9) - ( -1 - 1)
= 18 -(-2)
= 18 + 2
= 20

3. 2017 GCE P2
5
 ( 3x
2
(a) Evaluate  2 x)dx
2

(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = x² - 3x - 4 at a point

where x = 2.

58 © Mr 6points
 5
(a)  (3 x 2  2 x )dx (b) y = x² - 3x - 4
2
dy
3x 2 1 2x 0 1  5 m  2x  3
   dx
 2  1 0 1 2
at x = 2,
3x 2x  5
m = 2(2) - 3
3
  
 3 1 2 =1
5
 [x 3  2x] 2 y = (2) - 3(2) - 4
 ((5)3  2(5))  (23  2(2)) = -6
 (125  10)  (8  4)
equation of the tangent is given by
 (135)  (12)
y  y 1  m( x  x 1 )
 123
y  (  6 )  1( x  2 )
y 6  x 2
y  x 8
4. 2018 P2
2
(a) Evaluate  1
( 2  x  x2 )dx
4
(b) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = x + at the point
x
where x = 4
2
(a)  (2  x  x 2 )dx
1

 x11 x 2 1 
 2x   
 1  1 2  1
 x2 x3 
 2x   
 2 3
 2(2) 22 23   (1) (1)3 
       2(1)   
 1 2 3   2 3 

59 © Mr 6points
  8  1 1
  4  2    2    (b) dy  x  4
 3  2 3 dx x
 10    7  4
   1 2 at x = 4
3 6 x
   
10 7 dy  4
  m1  1  2 
3 6 dx  4 
27 4
 1
6 16
 4.5 3

4
m1  m2  1
3
m2  1 
4
4
m2  1 
3
4
m2  
3
To find y replace x with 4 in the original
equation
4
y  4
4
=5

y  y1  m2(x  x1)
4
y 5   (x  4)
3
4 16
y x 5
3 3
4 31
y x
3 3
3y  4x  31

60 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
(a) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = 5x³ - 6x² + 2x + 5 at
the point (1 , 2).

3
(b) Evaluate 
1
( 3 x 2  4 x)dx

3
(a) dy  5x31  6x21  2x  5 (b) 
1
(3x 2  4x)dx
dx
 15x2  12x  2
3x 2 1 4x11 
2
m1  15(1)  12 (1)  2   
 2  1 11
5
3x 3 4x 2 
m1  m2  1   
 3 2 
1
m2   [x 3  2x 2 ]
5
 ((3)3  2(3)2 )  ((1)3  2(1)2 )
y = mx + c  (27  18)  (1  2)
 1  (45)  (3)
2      (1)  c
 5  42
1
2  c
5
1
2 c
5
11
c
5
1 11
y x
5 5

61 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
(a) The gradient function of a curve is y = 6x + 8.Find the equation of the
curve passing throh the point (1, 2)
3
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = (2x + 3) at the point
where x = -1

(a)   (6x  8) (b) y = (2x + 3) 3 x = -1

6x11 8x01 y = (2(-1) + 3)3
  c
11 0 1 3
y = (-2 + 3)

6x2 8x
 c
(-1 , 1)
2 1 y=1
 3x2  8x  c chain rule
y = 3x² + 8x + c let u = 2x + 3
2 = 3(1)² + 8(1) + c y = u3
2=3+8+c du dy
2  3u 2
2 = 11 + c dx du
2 - 11 = c dy dy du
 
c=9 dx du dx
y = 3x² + 8x - 9
= 3u² × 2
= 6u²
= 6(2x + 3)²
m = 6(2(-1) + 3)²
=6
y = mx + c
1 = 6(-1) + c
1 = -6 + c
1+6=c
c=7
y = 6x + 7

62 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 11 - MENSURATION

1. 2016 P2
(a) The cross section of a rectangular tank measures 1.2m by 0.9. if it
contains fuel to a depth of 10m, find the number of litres of fuel in
the tank. (1m³ = 1000)litres

(b) A cone has a perpendicular height of 12 cm and slant height of 13 cm,

calculate its total surface area. (Take π = 3.142).
(a) V = lbh (b) r² = 13² - 12²
V = 1.2 × 0.9 × 10 r² = 25
V = 10.8 cm³ r = √ 25
1cm³ 1000l r=5
10.8cm³ x Total surface area = πr² + πrl
x = 10.8 × 1000l = πr(l + r)
x = 10800l = 3.142 × 5(5 + 13)
V = 10800l = 282.78cm²

2. 2017 P2
(a)The figure below is a frustum of a cone. The base diameter and top
diameter are 42cm and 14 cm respectively, while the height is 20cm.
(Take π = 3.142)
14 cm

20 cm

42 cm

calculate its volume.

63 © Mr 6points
 Find the area of the cut part of the shape
h 20  h 1 1
 V  R 2 H  r 2 h
7 21 3 3
21 h  7(20  h ) 1
V   (R 2 H  r 2 h)
3
21 h  140  7 h
3 . 142
21 h  7 h  140 V  (21 2  30  7 2  10 )
3
14 h  140 3 . 142
h  10 V  (13230  490 )
3
h = 10cm and H = 10 + 20 = 30cm V 
3 . 142
(12740 )
3
V  13343 . 02667
3
V  13300cm

3. 2017 GCE P2
The figure below is a cone ABC form which BCXY remained after the small
cone AXY was cut of [Take π = 3.142]
A

Y E X

15 cm

12 cm
C D B

Given that EX = 4cm, DB = 12cm and DE = 15cm, calculate

(i) the height AE, of the smaller con AXY.

(ii) the volume of XBCY, the shape that remained

64 © Mr 6points
 (i) Let height EA = x , then (ii) Volume of the frustum
x 15  x 1 1
 V  R 2 H  r 2 h
4 12 3 3
12 x  4(15  x ) 1
V   (R 2 H  r 2 h)
12 x  60  4 x 3
12 x  4 x  60 1
V   3 . 142 (12 2  22 . 5  4 2  7 . 5 )
8 x  60 3
3 . 142
x  7 .5 V  (3240  120 )
3
AE = 7.5 and 3 . 142
V  (3120 )
AD = 7.5 + 15 3
= 22.5cm V  3267 . 68
3
V  3270cm

4. 2018 P2
The diagram below is a frustum of a rectangular pyramid with a base
14cm long and 10cm wide. The top of a frustum is 8cm long and 4cm wide.
8 cm
4 cm

10 cm

14 cm

Given that the height of the frustum is 11.4cm, calculate its volume.

65 © Mr 6points
 H 14 1
 V  ( LBH  lbh )
H  11 . 4 8 3
1
14 ( H  11 . 4 )  8 H V  (14  10  26 . 6  8  4  15 . 2 )
3
14  159 . 6  8 H 1
14  8 H  159 . 6 V  (3724  486 . 4 )
3
6 H  159 . 6 1
V  (3237 . 6 )
H  26 . 6 3
h  26 . 6  11 . 4 V  1079 . 2
 15 . 2 cm V  1080cm 3

5. 2019 P2
The figure shows a right pyramid with a vertex O and a square base ABCD
of side 8cm.CPD = OPC = 90º .

Given that OA = OB = OC = OD = 10cm , calculate

(i) the height OP,

(ii) the angle between the edge OC and the base PC.

66 © Mr 6points
(i) AC² = 8² + 8² (ii) SOH CAH TOA
2
AC  64  64
A
Cos PCO =
H
2
AC  128
AC  11 . 3137085 5.65
AC  11 . 3 cm Cos PCO =
10
2
OC  OP 2  PC 2
5.65
10 2  OP 2  5 . 65 2 PCO = Cos-1
10
100  OP 2  31 . 9225
OP 2  100  31 . 9225
PCO = 55.59770869
= 55.6º
OP 2  68 . 0775
OP  8 . 250909041
OP  8.25cm

6. 2019 GCE P2
The diagram below shows a frustrum TQRS of a cone .Take π as 3.142

T U 8 cm
S

10 cm

Q 8 cm
R

Given that US = 3cm ,UV = 10cm and RV = 8cm, calculate its volume.

67 © Mr 6points
 1
V   h( r 2  rh  R 2 )
3
1
  3 . 142  10 (3 2  3  10  8 2 )
3
 10 . 47333333 (103 )
 1078 . 75333
3
 1080cm

68 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 12 - TRIGONOMETRY
1. 2016 P2
The diagram below shows the location of three secondary schools,
namely Kamubala (K), Belengani (B) and Pendeni (P) in a district. P
is 5km from K, B is 3km from K and angle PKP = 110°.
K
110º
m
5k

3k
m
P B
Calculate
(a) (i) BP
(ii) the area of triangle BKP
(iii) the shortest distance from K to BP
(b) Solve the equation tan θ = 0.7 for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°.
1
(a)(i) k² = p² + b² - 2pb cos K (ii) A   p  b sin K
2
k² = 5² + 3² - 2(5)(3) cos110° 1
k² = 34 - (-10.2606043) A  (5)( 3) sin 110 
2
k = √44.26060643 A  7 . 5 sin 110 
k = 6.656864368 A  7.05km 2

BP = 6.65km

(iii) shortest distance (b) tan θ = 0.7

d 
2A θ = tan-1 (0.7)
b θ = 349920202
2  7 . 05 θ = 35º

6 . 65
 2.12km

69 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
(a) The diagram below shows the Location of houses for a village
Headman (H), his Secretary (S) and a Trustee (T). H is 1.3 km from S,
T is 1.9 km from H and THS = 130°
H 1.3 km
130° S
1.9 km

T
Calculate
(i) the area of triangle THS
(ii) the distance TS
(iii) the shortest distance from H to TS
(b) Find the angle between 0° and 90° which satisfies the equation
2
cos θ 
3

(a)(i) A  1  t  s sin H (iii) shortest distance

2
1 2A
A  (1 . 3)(1 . 9) sin 130  d 
2 b
A  1 . 235 sin 130  2  0 . 95

A  0.946km 2 2 .9
 0 . 65517
(ii) h² = t² + s² - 2ts cosH  0.655km
2 2 2 0
h  (1 . 3)  (1 . 9 )  2(1 . 3)(1 . 9 ) cos 130
h 2  5 . 3  (  3 . 175370792 ) 2
(b) cos  
h 2  5 . 3  3 . 17537 3
2
h 2  8 . 475370792   cos  1  
3
h  8 . 475370792
  48 . 1896851
h  2 . 911249009 0
θ  48.2
TS  2.9km

70 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
(a) In Triangle PQR below, QR = 36.5 m, angle PQR = 36° and angle
QPR = 46°. P
46°

R
36.5
Calculate m
36°
(i) PQ Q
(ii) the area of triangle PQR
(iii) the shortest distance from R to PQ
(b) Solve the equation sin θ = 0.6792 for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 360°
1
(a)(i) Find the angle at R (ii) A   p  r  sin Q
2
180° - (36° + 46°) 1
= 98° A   36 . 5  50 . 2  sin( 36 0 )
2
sin R sin P A  916 . 15  sin( 36 0 )

r p A  538 . 4994589
0 0
sin 98 sin 46 A  538.5m 2

r 36 . 5 (iii) shortest distance
r sin 46  36 . 5 sin 98 0
0
2A
0
36 . 5 sin 98 d 
r  b
sin 46 0 2  538 .2
r  50 . 24716343 
50 .2
PQ  50.2m  21.4m
1
(b)   sin (0 .6792 )
  42 .8 0
  180 0  42 .8 0  137 .2 0
θ  42.8 0 ,137.2 0

71 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2
(a) Three vilages A,B and C are connected by straight paths as shown in
the diagram below. A

15km

B 79º
40º
C

Given that AB = 15km, angle ABC = 79º and angle ACB = 40 , calculate the
(i) Distance AC (ii) area of triangle ABC (iii) shortest distance from B to C.

(b) Solve the equation cos = 0.937 for 0º ≤ θ ≤ 360°

(c) Sketch the graph of y = sin for 0º ≤ θ ≤ 360°

b c
(a) (i)  (ii) First find angle BAC
sin B sin C
b 15
BAC = 180 - (79 + 40) = 61
 1
sin 79 sin 40 A  bc sin A
15 sin 79 2
b  1
sin 40 A  (15 )( 22 . 9 ) sin 61 
b  22 . 9 2
AC  22.9km A  150 . 2159349
2
A  150km

(iii) shortest distance (b) cos   0 . 937

2A   (cos 1
(0 . 937 ))
d 
b   20 . 4 
2  150
   360   20 . 4  339 . 4
22 .9
 13.1km θ  20.4 ,339.4

72 © Mr 6points
(c) y = sin θ
θ 0º 90º 180º 270º 360º
Sin θ 0 1 0 -1 0

5. 2019 P2
(a) The diagram below shows a triangle KMN in which KM = 8km ,
MN = 10km and KMN = 92º

K N

8km 10km
92º

Calculate
(i) KN,
(ii) the area of triangle KMN,
(iii) the shortest distance from M to KN.

(b) Solve the equation 2 tan θ = -3 for 0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°

73 © Mr 6points
(a)(i) m² = k² + ns² - 2kn cosM 1
(ii) A   k  n  sin M
2
m 2  k 2  n 2 2 kn cos m
 0 . 5  10  8  sin 92
m 2  10 2  8 2  2  10  8 cos 92
A  39 . 97563308
2
m  164  (  5 . 583919472 ) A  40km 2
m 2  169 . 5839195
m2  169 . 5839195
m  13 . 02243908
KN  13km

(iii) shortest distance (b) 2 tan    3

2A 2 tan  3
d   
b 2 2
2  40 3
   tan  1  
13 2
 6 .153846154   56 . 30993247
 6.15km   56 . 3
 180  
 180  56 . 3
 123.7 0

74 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
(a) In the triangle ABC below, AC = 275km, angle BAC = 125º and angle
ACB = 40º
B
180 - (125 - 40)
= 15°

40º C

125º 275km
A
Calculate
(i) the distance BC
(ii) the area of triangle ABC,
(iii) the shortest distance from A to BC.

(b)Solve the equation 13 cos θ = 5 for 0 ≤ 0 ≤ 360°.

(a)(i) a b (ii) A  1  a  b  sin C


sin A sin B 2
BC 275  0 . 5  275  870  sin 40

sin 125 sin 15 A  76 ,893 . 46781
BC sin 15  275 sin 125 A  76900km 2

BC sin 15 275 sin 125


sin 15 sin 15 (iii) shortest distance
BC  870 . 3641268
2A
BC  870km d 
b
2  76900

870
 176 .7816092
 177km

75 © Mr 6points
(b) 13 cos   5
13 cos 5

13 13
5
cos  
13
 5 
  cos  1  
 13 
  67 . 38013505
  67 . 4 0
 360  
 360  67 . 4
 292 . 6 0
0 0
θ  67.4 ,292.6

76 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 13 - EARTH GEOMETRY
1. 2016 P2
The points A, B, C and D are on the surface of the earth.
(Take π = 3.142 and R = 3437nm)
N

. .
A B
50° N

. .
75° W 30° E

70° S
D C
S
(a) Find the difference in latitude between points C and B.
(b) Calculate the length of the circle of latitude 50°N in nautical miles.
(c) Find the distance AD in nautical miles.
(a) Difference in latitudes
50° + 70° = 120°

(b) C = 2πRcos θ
C  2  3 .142  3437 cos 50 0
C  21600 cos 50
C  13884 .21237
C  13900nm

(c) AD   2R
360
1200
AD  0
 2  2.142  3437
360
AD  7199.369333
AD  7200nm

77 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
W,X,Y and Z are four points on the surface of the earth as shown in the
diagram below.(Take π = 3.14 and R = 3437nm)
N

W. . X
80° N

. .
15° W 150° E

30° S
Y Z
S
(a) Find the difference in latitudes between W and Y.
(b) Calculate the distance in nautical miles between
(i) X and Z along the longitudes 105° E
(ii) Y and Z along the circle of latitude 30°S
(a) Difference in latitudes
80° + 30° = 110°

(b)(i) XZ  360  2  R
110 0
XZ   2  3 . 142  3437
360 0
XZ  6559 . 421889
XZ  6600nm

(b)(ii) YZ  0
 2  R cos    15 0  105 0
 120 0

360
120 0
YZ  0
 2  3 .142  3437  cos 30 0
360
2244541 .224
YZ 
360
YZ  6234 .836734
YZ  6230nm

78 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
P (80°N, 10°E), Q(80°N, 70°E), R(85°S, 70°E)and S(85°S, 10°E) are the points
on the surface of the earth.
(a) Show the points on a clearly labeled sketch of the surface of the earth
(b) Find in nautical miles
(i) The distance QR along the longitude,
(ii) The circumference of latitude 85°S.
[Take π 3.142 and R = 3437nm]
N
(a)

..
Q P
80° N

70° E

..
R S
10° E
85° S

S
(b)(i)   80 0  85 0  160 0


QR   2 R
360
165 0
QR   2  3 . 142  3437
360 0
QR  9899 . 132833
QR  9900nm

(b) C = 2πRcos θ
C  2  3 . 142  3437 cos 85 0
C  21600 cos 85
C  1882 . 564043
C  1900nm

79 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2
In the diagram below, A and B are points on latitude 60°N while C is a
point on latitude 60°S. [ π = 3.142 and R = 3437nm].
N

A
. . B
60° N

. .
60° W 60° E

60° S
D C
S

(a) Calculate the distance BC along the latitude 60°E in nautical miles.

(b) A ship sails from C to D in 12 hours. Find its speed in knots.

(a) D    2R (b) 

D  2R cos
360 3600
120 120
D  2  3.142  3437 D  2    3437 cos 60
260 360
2591772.96 1295886.48
D D
360 360
D  7199.369333 D  3599.684667
BC  7200nm D  3600
D
S
T
3600
S
12
S  300knots

80 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
The points P,Q,R and T are on the surface of the earth as shown in the
diagram below S. [ Take π = 3.142 and R = 3437nm].

. .
N

65° N
P Q

90°W

. .T

S
R 55° S
45° E

(i) Find the difference in longitudes between the points T and R.

(ii) Find, in nautical miles, the distance between
(a) P and Q along the latitude 65° N
(b) P and T alonfg the longitude 90° W

(i) Difference in longitudes (ii)(a) PQ    60  cos x

90° + 45° = 135°  135  60  cos 65
 3423.20792
 3420nm
(ii)(b) PT    60
 65  55  60
 120  60
 7200nm

81 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
The points K,L and M are on the surface of the earth as shown in the
diagram below S. [ Take π = 3.142 and R = 6370km].

. .
N

50° N
K L

30°W

. S
M 45° S
60° E

(i) Find the difference in longitudes between points K and L.

(ii) Find, in kilometres, the distance
(a) LM,
(b) KL.

(i) Difference in longitudes (ii)(a) 

LM   2 R
30° + 60° = 90° 360
95
  2  3 .142  6370
360
  10563 .22944
(ii)(b) KL   2R cos   10600km
360
90
  2  3 .142  6370  cos 50
360
 6432 .549163
 6430km

82 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 14 - STATISTICS

1. 2016 P2

The ages of people living at Pamodzi Village are recod in the frequence
table below.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using the scale of 2cm to represent 10 units on both axes, draw a
smonth cumulative frequency curve where 0 < x ≤ 100.

(iii) Showing your methods clearly ,use your graph to estimate the
semi - interquartile range.

83 © Mr 6points
(a)
Class marks x f fx x² fx²
0 < x ≤ 10 5 7 35 25 175
10 < x ≤ 20 15 22 330 225 4950
20 < x ≤ 30 25 28 700 625 17500
30 < x ≤ 40 35 23 805 1225 281 75
40 < x ≤ 50 45 15 675 2025 30375
50 < x ≤ 60 55 5 275 3025 15125

Totals  f  100  fx  2820  fx 2

 96300

Mean , x 
 fx
f
2820

100
 28 . 2

SD 
 fx 2

 ( x )2
f
96300
SD   ( 28 . 2 ) 2
100
SD  963  795 . 24
SD  167 . 76
SD  12 . 95221989
SD  12.95

84 © Mr 6points
(b)

y Age ≤ 30 ≤ 40 ≤ 50 ≤ 60
100
No of people 57 80 95 100

90
3
Q3   100  75
4
80 Q3  36
1
Q3 Q1   100  25
4
Q1  18
70
Number of
people
60
semi - interquartile range
1
50  Q 3  Q 1 
2
1
 ( 36  18 )
2
40 1
 (18 )
2
 9
30
Q1

20

10

10 20 30 40 50 60 x
Ages

85 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2

The table below shows the amount of money spent by 100 learners on a
particular day.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation.

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 5 units on the horizontal axis

and 2cm to represent 10 units on the vertical axis,draw a smooth
cumulative frequency curve.

(iii) Showing your method clearly, use your graph to estimate the semi-
interquartile range.

86 © Mr 6points
(a)
class marks x f fx x² fx ²
0<x≤5 2.5 13 32.5 6.25 81.25
5 < x ≤ 10 7.5 27 205.5 56.25 1518.75
10 < x ≤ 15 12.5 35 437.5 156.25 5468.75
15 < x ≤ 20 17.5 16 208 306.25 4900
20 < x ≤ 25 22.5 7 157.5 506.25 3543.75
25 < x ≤ 30 27.5 2 55 756.25 1512.75

Totals  f  100  fx  1165  fx 2

 17025

Mean , x 
 fx
f
1165

100
 11.65

SD 
 fx 2

 ( x )2
f
17025
SD   (11 . 65 ) 2
100
SD  34 . 5275
SD  5 . 876010551
SD  5.88

87 © Mr 6points
(b)
Amount in kwacha ≤ 15 ≤ 20 ≤ 25 ≤ 30
y frequency 75 91 98 100
100

90

80
1
Q3 semi - interquartile range  Q 3  Q 1 
2
3
70 Q3   100  75
4
Q3  15
frequency
1
60 Q1   100  25
4
Q1  7
1
50  15  7 
2
1
 (8)
2
40  4

30
Q1

20

10

5 10 15 20 25 30 x
Amount in kwacha

88 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2

The frequency table below shows the number of copies of newspapers

allocated to 48 newspaper vendors.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using a horizontal scale of 2cm to represent 10 newspapers on the

x-axis for 0 ≤ x ≤ 60 and a vertical scale of 4cm to represent 10
vendors on the y- axis for 0 ≤ y ≤ 50,draw a smooth cumulative
frequency curve.

(iii) Showing your method clearly,use your grapgh to estimate the

50th percentile.

89 © Mr 6points
 Class marks x f fx x² fx²
25 < x ≤ 30 27.5 5 137.5 756.25 3781.25
30 < x ≤ 35 32.5 4 130 1056.25 4225
35 < x ≤ 40 37.5 7 262.5 1406.25 9843.75
40 < x ≤ 45 42.5 11 467.5 1806.25 19868.75
45 < x ≤ 50 47.5 12 570 2256.25 27075
50 < x ≤ 55 52.5 8 420 2756.25 22050
55 < x ≤ 60 57.5 1 57.5 3306.25 3306.25
Totals  f  48  fx  2045  fx 2
 90150

(a)
Mean , x 
 fx
f
2045

48
 42.6

SD 
 fx 2

 ( x )2
f
90150
SD   ( 42 . 6 ) 2
48
SD  1878 . 125  1814 . 76
SD  63 . 365
SD  7.96

90 © Mr 6points
 (b)
Copies of
≤ 45 ≤ 50 ≤ 55 ≤ 60
y newspapers
Number of
39 47 48
vendors 27
50

45

40

35

No.vendors
30

th
25 50 percentile

50
50th percentile   48  24
20 100
 48

15

10

10 20 30 40 50 60 x
Newspapers

91 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2

A farmer planted 60 fruit tress.In a certain month ,the number fruits per
tree was recorded and the results were shown in the table below.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the relative cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using a scale of 1cm to represent 1 unit on the x-axis for 0 ≤ x ≤ 8

and 2cm to represent 0.1 units on the y- axis for 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 ,draw
a smooth relative cumulative frequency curve.

(iii) Showing your method clearly,use your grapgh to estimate the

70 th percentile.

92 © Mr 6points
(a) x x² f fx fx²
2 4 1 2 4
3 9 5 15 45
4 16 4 16 64
5 25 6 30 150
6 36 10 60 360
7 49 16 112 784
8 64 18 144 1152

Totals f  60  f x  379 f x 2
 2559

Mean , x 
 fx
f
379

60
 6.32

SD 
 fx 2

 ( x )2
f
2559
SD   (632)2
60
SD  42.65  39.9424
SD  2.7076
SD  1.645478654
SD  1.65

93 © Mr 6points
(b)

y Fruits 6 7 8
Cumulative
1 frequency 26 42 60
R - Cumulative
frequency 0.43 0.7 1
0.9 70
70thpercentile   1  0.7
100
 7fruits
0.8

th
70 percentile
0.7

R .C. F
0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
Fruits

94 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2

The table below shows the expenditure of 90 farmers in a paritcular

farming season.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 100 units on the horizontal axis
and 2cm to represent 10 units on the vertical axis,draw a smooth
cumulative frequency curve.

(iii) Showing your method clearly,use your grapgh to estimate the

interquartile range.

95 © Mr 6points
 (a)
Amount (K) x f fx x² fx²
0 < x ≤ 100 50 5 250 2500 12500
100 < x ≤ 200 150 16 2400 22500 360000
200 < x ≤ 300 250 17 4250 62500 1062500
300 < x ≤ 400 350 17 5950 122500 2082500
400 < x ≤ 500 450 14 6300 2025000 2835000
500 < x ≤ 600 550 12 6600 302500 3630000
600 < x ≤ 700 650 7 4550 422500 2457500
700 < x ≤ 800 750 2 1500 562500 1125000
fx 2
Totals  f  90  fx  31800   14065000

Mean , x 
 fx
f
31800

90
 353.33
 353

SD 
 fx 2

 (x)2
f
14065000
SD   (353)2
90
SD  31668.77778
SD  177.9572358
SD  178

96 © Mr 6points
(b)

y Amount ≤ 600 ≤ 700 ≤ 800

Frequency 81 88 90
100

90

80

70 Interquartile range
Number of  Q 3  Q1
farmers
3
60 Q3   90  67 . 5
4
 490
50 1
Q1   90  22 . 5
4
 210
40  490  210
 280

30

20

10

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 x

Amount

97 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2

The table below shows the distribution of the ages of 30 football players
at school.

(a) Calculate the standard deviation

(b) Answer part of this questions on a sheet of a graph paper

(i) Using the table above, copy and complete the cumulative
frequency table below.

(ii) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x-axis for

10 ≤ x ≤ 16 and a scale of 2cm to represent 0.1 units on the y- axis
for 0.0 y 1.0,draw a smooth relative cumulative frequency curve

(iii) Showing your method clearly, use your grapgh to estimate the
90th percentile.

98 © Mr 6points
(a) Age x x² f fx fx²
10 100 0 0 0
11 121 2 22 242
12 144 5 60 720
13 169 7 91 1183
14 196 8 112 1568
15 205 6 90 1350
16 256 2 32 512

Totals f  30  f x  407 f x 2
 5575

Mean , x 
 fx
f
407

30
 13.6

SD 
 fx 2

 (x)2
f
5575
SD   (13.6)2
30
SD  185.8333333  184.96
SD  0.8733333
SD  0.934523049
SD  1

99 © Mr 6points
 Age ≤ 13 ≤ 14 ≤ 15
(b)
Cumulative
frequency 14 22 28
y R - Cumulative
0.47 0.73 0.93
frequency
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

R .C. F
90
0.6 90thpercentile   1  0.9
100
 14.8years
0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

11 12 13 14 15 16 x
Age

100 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 15 - LINEAR PROGRAMMING

1. 2016 P2

A Health Lobby group produced a guide to encourage healthy living

among local community. The group produced the guide in two formats:
a short video and a printed book. The group needs to decide the number
of each format to produce for sale to maximize profit. Let x represent the
number of videos produced and y the number of printed books produced.

(a) Write the inequalities which represent each of the following

conditions

(i) the total number of copies produced should not be more than 800,

(ii) the number of video copies to be at least 100

(iii) the number of printed books to be at least 100.

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 100 copies on both axes, draw the x
and y axes for 0 ≤ x ≤ 800 and 0 ≤ y≤ 800 respectively and shade the
unwanted region to indicate clearly the region where the solution of the
inequalities lie.

(c) The profit on the sale of each video copy is K15.00 while the profit on
each printed book is K8.00. How many of each type were produced to
make maximum profit

101 © Mr 6points
 y
(b) (a) (i) x + y ≤ 800
(ii) x ≥ 100
(iii) y ≥ 200
900

(c) P = 15x + 8y
800

.
(100,200) 15(100) + 8(200) = 3100
(100.700) 15(100) + 8(700) = 7100
(600,200) 15(600) + 8(200) = 10600
700
Maximum profit
= 600 videos and 200 books
600
x+
y=
Printed 80
Books 500 0

400

. .
300

y = 200
200

100
x = 100

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 x

Videos

102 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2

Himakwebo orders maize and groundnuts for sale. The order price for a
bag of maize is K75.00 and that of a bag of groundnuts is K150.00. He
is ready to spend up to K7 500.00 altogether. He intends to order at least
5 bags of maize and at least 10 bags of groundnuts. He does not want to
order more than 70 bags altogether.

(a) If x and y are the number of bags of maize and groundnuts

respectively,

(b) Write four inequalities which represent these conditions

Using a scale of 2cm to represent 10 bags on each axis, draw the
x and y axes for 0 ≤ x ≤ 70 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 70 respectively and shade
the unwanted region to show clearly the region where the solution
of the inequalities lie.

(c) Given that a profit on the bag of maize is K25.00 and on the bag of
groundnuts is K50.00, how many bags of each type should he order
to have the maximum profit?

(d) What is this estimate of the maximum profit?

103 © Mr 6points
 y
(a)(i) 75x + 150y ≤ 1500
x + 2y ≤ 100
(b) (ii) x ≥ 5
(iii) x + y ≤ 70
(iv) y ≥ 10

(c) P = 25x + 50y

80 (5 , 10) 25(5) + 50(10) = 625
(5 , 48) 25(5) + 50(48) = 2525
(40 , 30) 25(40) + 50(30) = 2500
(60 , 10) 25(60) + 50(10) = 2000
70
He needs to order 5 bags of Maize
Groundnuts and 48 bags of Groundnuts
60
(d) MP = 25(5) + 50(48)

.
= K2,525
50

x+
2y

.
40 = 100

30

x=5
x+

. .
20
y=
70
y = 10
10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 x
Maize

104 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2

Makwebo prepares two types of sausages, hungarian and beef, daily for
sale. She prepares at least 40 hungarian and at least 10 beef sausages.
She prepares not more than 160 sausages altogether. The number of
beef sausages prepared are not more than the number of Hungarian
sausages.

(a) Given that x represents the number of Hungarian sausages and y the
number of beef sausages, write four inequalities which represent
these conditions.

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to present 20cm sausages on both axes, draw
the x and y axes for 0 ≤ x ≤ 160 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 160 respectively and
shade the unwanted region to show clearly the region where the
solution of the inequalities lie.

(c) The profit on the sale of each Hungarian sausage is K3.00 and on
each beef sausage is K2.00. How many of each type of sausages are
required to make maximum profit?

(d) Calculate this maximum profit.

105 © Mr 6points
 (a)(i) x ≥ 40 (c) P= 3x + 2y
y (ii) y ≥ 10 (40 , 10) 3(40) +2(10) = 140
(iii) x + y ≤ 160 (40 , 40) 3(40) + 2(40) = 200
(b) (iv) y ≤ x (80 , 80) 3(80) + 2(80) = 400
(150 , 10) 3(150) + 2(10) = 470
180 He needs to buy 150 hungarian and
10 beef sausages.

(d)MP = 3(150) + 2(10)

160
= K470

x+
140 y=
16
Beef 0
Sausage
120
x
y=

100

80 .
60

40 .
. .
x = 40
20
y = 10

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 x

Hungarian sausage

106 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 GCE P2

A tailor at a certain market intends to make dresses and suits for sale.
(a) Let x represent the number of dresses and y the number of suits.
Write the inequalities which represent each of the conditions
below.

(i) The number of dresses should not exceed 50

(ii) The number of dresses should not be more than the number of
suits.

(iii) The cost of making a dress is K140.00 and that o a suit is

K210.00. The total should be at least K10 500.00

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 10 units on both axes, draw x and
y axes for 0 ≤ x ≤ 60 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 80 Shade the unwanted region to
indicate clearly the region where (x , y) must lie .

(c) (i) The profit on a dress is K160.00 and on a suit is K270.00. Find the
number of dresses and suits the tailor must make for maximum
profit.

(ii) Calculate his maximum profit

107 © Mr 6points
 (a)(i) 140x + 21y ≥ 10500 (c) P = 160x + 270y
2x + 3y ≥ 150 (30 , 30) 160(30) + 270(30) = 11300
(ii) x ≤ 50 (50 , 17) 160(50) + 270(17) = 12590
(iii) y ≤ x (50 , 50) 160(50) + 270(50) = 21500

The tailor must but 50 suits and 50 dresses

to maximize profit.

(b) y (d)MP = 160(50) + 270(50)

= K21,500

70

60 x

.
y=
Suits
50

.
40
x = 50

30

20
. 2x
+3
y=
10 15
0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 x
Dresses

108 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2

Kuunika wishes to build a lodge with single and double rooms.He needs
to decide the number of each type he should build maximum profit.

Let x represent the number of single rooms and y the number of double
rooms.

(a) Write the inequalities which represent each of the following conditions
(i) There must be at least one single room.

(ii) There must be at least 10 rooms altogether

(iii) The total number of rooms should not exceed 15.

(iv) The number of double rooms must be at least twice the number
of single rooms.

(v) The number of de rooms should not be more than 12.

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to 5 units on both axes, draw x and y axes for
0 ≤ x ≤ 16 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 16 respectively and shade the unwanted region
to indicate clearly the region where the solutions of the inequalities
lie.

(c) The rate for a single room is K600.00 and K900.00 for a double room.
How many rooms of each should Kuunika build to maximize the
income?

109 © Mr 6points
 (a) (i) x≥1 (c) P = 600x + 900y
(ii) x + y ≥ 10 (1 , 12) 600(1) + 900(12) = 11400
(iii) x + y ≤ 15 (3 , 12) 600(3) + 900(12) = 12600
(iv) y ≥ 2x (5 , 10) 600(5) + 900(10) = 12000
(v) y ≤ 12 (1 , 9) 600(1) + 900(9) = 8700
(3.4 , 6.6) 600(3.4) + 900(6.6) = 7980
y
Maximum profit
16 = 3 Single rooms 12 Double rooms.

14 2x

. .
y=

12

.
y = 12
D. rooms

10

.
.
8

x=1
4

6
2 4 8 10 12 14 16 x
x + y = 10 x + y = 15
single rooms

110 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2

Mipando makes two types of chairs for sale;dining and garden.He intends
to make at least 10 dining chairs and at least 20 garden chairs.He wants
to make not more than 80 chairs altogether.The number of garden chairs
must not be more than three times the number of dining chairs.

(a) Let x be the number of dining chairs and y the number of garden
chairs.Write four inequalities to represent the information above.

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 10 chairs on each axis,draw x and y

axes 0 ≤ x ≤ 80 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 80 respectively and shade the unwanted
region where the solution of the inequalities lie.

(c) Given that the profit on the sale of dining chair is K80.00 and profit on
a garden chair is K50.00,how many chairs of each type should Mipando
make in order to maximize the profit?

(d) What is this maximum profit?

111 © Mr 6points
 y
(a)(i) x ≥ 10
(ii) y ≥ 20
(b) (iii) x + y ≤ 80
(iv) y ≤ 3x

(c) P = 80x + 50y

(20 , 60) 80(20) + 50 (60) = 4600
80
(10 , 30) 80(10) + 50(30) = 2300
(10 , 20) 80(10) + 50(20) = 1800
(60 , 20) 80(60) + 50(20) = 5800

.
70 He needs to order 60 Dining chairs and
No.Garden chairs

20 Garden chairs.

60 (d) MP = 80(60) + 50(20)

= K5,800

50

40

30 .
20 . .
10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 x
Maize
No .Dining chairs

112 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 16 - TRANSFORMATIONS

1. 2016 P2
Study the diagram below and answer questions that follow.

(a) An enlargement maps triangle ABC onto triangle A1 B1 C1. Find

(i) the centre of enlargement
(ii) the scale factor

(b) Triangle ABC is maped onto triangle A2 B2 C2 by shear.Find the matrix

which presents this transformation.

(c) Triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle A 3 B3 C3by a single transformation

Describe this transformation fully.
-3 0
(d) A transformation with matrix 0 1 maps triangle ABC onto triangle

A 4 B4 C4 not drawn on the diagram.Find

(i) The scale factor of this transformation.
(ii) The coordinates of A4 B4 and C 4 .

113 © Mr 6points
(a)(i) To find the center of enlargement,join and corresponing two points
of the object and the image,the intersection point is the centre of
enlargement. = (1 , 2)

OB 1  4
(ii) Scale factor k   = -2
OB 2

(b) 1 0 -3
K=
K 1 1

= 1 0
-3 1

(c) Triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle A 3B 3C 3by an anticlockwise

rotation of 90º about (0,0).

k 0 -3 0
(d) (i) Comparing the matrices & 0 1
0 1
scale factor(k) = -3

-3 0 1 3 1 -3 + 0 -9 + 0 -3 + 0 -3 -9 -3
(ii) x 4 4 5 = =
0 1 0+4 0+4 0+5 4 4 5

Coordinates of A 4 B 4 and C 4 are (-3,4) ,(-9,4) and (-3,5) respectively.

114 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2

Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of graph paper.

Using a scale of 1cm to represent 1 unit on each,draw x and y axes for

-6 ≤ x ≤ 10 and -10 ≤ y ≤ 8.

(a) A quadrilateral ABCD has vertices A(-5 , 7) , B(-4 , 8) , C(-3 , 7) and

D(-4 , 4) while its imagine has vertices A 1 (-5 , -3) , B 1 (-6 , -2)
C 1(-5 , -1) and D1 (-2 , -2).

(i) Draw and label the quadrilateral ABCD and its image A 1 B 1C1 D 1

(ii) Describe fully the transformation which maps the quadrilateral

ABCD onto quadrilateral A1 B 1C 1 D 1 .

(b) The matrix -2 0 maps the quadrilateral ABCD on the quadrilateral

0 1
A 2 B 2C 2 D 2

(i) Find the coordinates the vertices of the quadrilateral A2 B2 C2 D2

(ii) Draw and label the quadrilateral A 2B 2C 2D2 .

(c) The quadrilateral ABCD is mapped onto quadrilateral A3 B3 C3 D3

where A3 is (4 , -8) , B 3is (2, -10), is C 3(0 , -8) and D is (2, -2).
Describe fully this transformation.

115 © Mr 6points
 y
(a)(ii) It is an anticlockwise rotation
of 90º with the centre (0,2)
B B2
8
A C C2 A2

4
D D2

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x
C1

D3
B1 D1 -2

A1
-4 (c) It is an enlargement with center
(-2 , 2) and scale factor k = -2

-6

(b)(i) -2 0 x
-5 -4 -3 -4
0 1 7 8 7 4
-8 A3
C3
= 10 8 6 8
7 8 7 4
-10
B3

116 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2

Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of graph paper.

Using a scale of 1cm to represent 1 unit on each,draw x and y axes
for -6 ≤ x ≤ 10 and -6 ≤ y ≤ 12.
(a) A quadrilateral ABCD has vertices A(1 , 1) , B(2 ,1) , C(3 , 2) and
D(2 , 3) while its imagine has vertices A 1 (3 , 2) , B1 (6 , 1)
C 1 (9 , 2) and D1 (6 , 3).

(i) Draw and label the quadrilateral ABCD and its image A1 B 1 C1 D 1

(ii) Describe fully the transformation which maps the quadrilateral

ABCD onto quadrilateral A 1 B 1C 1 D 1 .

(b) The matrix 1 0 maps the quadrilateral ABCD on the quadrilateral

3 1
A2 B2 C2 D2

(i) Find the coordinates the vertices of the quadrilateral A 2 B 2 C 2D2

(ii) Draw and label the quadrilateral A 2 B 2C 2D2 .

(c) Quadrilateral A 3 B 3C 3 D3 has vertices A 3(-2 , -4) , B 3(-4 , -2) , C 3(-6 , -4)
and D3 (-4 , -6). Describe fully the transformation which maps
quadrilateral ABCD onto A3 B3 C3 D 3 .

117 © Mr 6points
(a)(ii) It is a stretch with stretch y
factor 3 and invariant line
y-axis. 12
C2
(b)(i) 1 0 1 2 3 2
x
3 1 2 1 2 3 10
D2
= 1 2 3 2
5 7 11 9 8
A 2(1 ,5) B 2 (2,7) C2 (3 ,11) D2 (2,9) B2

A2
4
D D1

C
2 A C1
A1
B B1

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 x

B3
-2
(c) ABCD is mapped onto A3 B 3 C 3 D3 by an
enlargement with centre (0,0) and
C3 A3 -4 enlargement factor k = -2

-6
D3

118 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 P2
Study the diagram below and answer questions that follow.
y

M
4

V 2 P

-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 x
-2
R
-4

-6

-8

(a) Triangle R is the image of triangle P under a rotation.Find the

coordinates of the centre, angle and the direction of the rotation.

(b) A single transformation maps triangle P onto triangle M. describe

fully this transformation.

(c) Triangle P maps onto triangle V by a stretch.Find the matrix of this

transformation.

(d) If triangle P is mapped onto triangle 5 by shear represented by the

1 0
matrix -2 1
, find the coordinates of S.

119 © Mr 6points
(a) It is a clockwise rotation of 90º around the origin (0,0)

(b) It is an enlargement,centre (0,0) and scale factor 2.

(c) K 0 -4
k=
0 1 2

= -2 0
0 1

(d) To find the coordinates of S,multiply the given matrix by the

coordinates of P.

1 0 2 2 4 2+0 2+0 4+0 2 2 4

x 1 4 1 = =
-2 1 -4 + 1 -4 + 4 -8 + 1 -3 0 -7

Coordinates of S are (2 , -3) ,(2 , 0) and (4 , -7)

120 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2

Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of graph paper.

The vertices of triangle ABC are A(1,1) , B(1,3) and C(3,3). The vertices
of triangle A 1 B 1 C 1are A (-1,1) , B (-3,1) and C (-3,3).

(a) Using a scale of 1cm to represent 1 unit on each axis,draw the x and y
axes for -6 ≤ x ≤ 6 and -6 ≤ y ≤ 6.Draw and label triangles ABC and
A 1 B 1 C1 .

(b) Describe fully a single transformation that maps triangle ABC onto
triangle A 1 B 1 C1 .

(c) An enlargement maps triangle ABC onto triangle A2 B2 C 2 with A 2(-2,-2),

B2 (-2,-6) and C2 (-6,-6)
(i) Draw and label triangle A 2B2 C 2.
(ii) Find the scale factor.

(d) The transformation represented by the matrix 2 0 maps triangle ABC

0 1
onto triangle A3 B 3 C3
(i) Find the coordinates of the vertices A 3 ,B 3 and C 3.
(ii) Draw and label triangle A3 B 3C3 .

(e) Triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle A 4 B4 C4 with vertices A 4(1,-2),

B4 (1,0) and C 4 (3,-6).
(i) Draw and lable triangle A4 B4 C4 .

(ii) Find the matrix representing this transformation.

121 © Mr 6points
(b) It is a rotation with centre as origin(0,0) (d) 2 0 1 1 3
x
and the angle of rotation is 90º 0 1 5 3 3
anticlockwise.
y 2 2 6
(c)  2
Scale factor = -2 =

1 1 3 3
6
A 3(2 , 1) B 3 (2 , 3) C 3(6 , 3)

4
C1 B3
B C3

B1 A1
A A3
B4
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6
x

A2 2 4 -4 -8
-2 A4 (e) a b =
c d 1 1 4 1

-4
a + b = 1 ..........1
a + 3b = 1 .........2
C2 B2 -6
C4
a=1-b
c + d = -2 ..........3 1 - b + 3b = 1
c + 3d = 0 .........4 1 + 2b =1
c = -2 - d b=0
-2 - d +3d =0 a+0=1
-2 + 2d = 0 a=1
d=1 1 0
c + 3(1) = 0 matrix = -3 1
c = -3

122 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2
Study the diagram below and answer questions that follow.
y
A
A3 2

C3
1
C

B3 C2 B
B1 - 4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x

-1

C1
-2
B2 A2

-3

-4
A1

(a) An enlargement maps triangle ABC onto triangle A 1 B 1 C 1 .Find

(i) the centre of enlargement.
(ii) the scale factor.

(b) Triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle A 2 B 2C 2by a single transfor-

mation.Describe fully this transformation..

(c) Triangle ABC is mapped onto triangle A 3B 3C 3by a stretch.Find

(i) the matrix which represents this transformation.
(ii) find the area scale factor.
1 0
(d) A transformation matrix 2 1 maps triangle ABC onto A 4B4 C 4 not

drawn on the diagram.Find the coordinates of A 4 B 4and C 4 .

123 © Mr 6points
(a)(i) (0,0)
OB 1  4
(ii) k   Scale factor = -2
OB 2

(b) Triangle ABC is mapped onto traiangle A2 B2 C2 under a rotation with

centre (0,0) and angle of rotation 90º clockwise.

(c)(i) a b 2 2 -4 -4
=
c d 2 0 2 0

2a + 2c 2b + 2d -4 -4
=
2a + 0 2b + 0 2 0

2a + 0 = 2 2b + 0 = 0 2a + 2c = -4 2b + 2d = -4
2a = 2 2b = 0 2(1) + 2c = -4 2(0) + 2d = -4
a=1 b=0 2c = -6 2d = -4
c = -3 d = -2
1 0
Matrix = -3 -2

(ii) Area = k² = -2²

= 4units²

(d) Image = Matrix x Object

1 0 2 2 0
×
2 1 2 0 1

= 2+0 2+0 0+0 2 2 0

=
4+2 4+0 0+1 6 4 1

Coordinates of A 4 B 4 and C 4 are (2,6) ,(2,4) and (0,1) respectively.

124 © Mr 6points
 TOPIC 17 - QUADRATIC FUNCTION
1. 2016 P2
The values of x and y are connected by the equation y = x(x - 2)(x + 2).
Some of the corresponding values of x and y are given in the table below.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

y -15 0 3 0 -3 0 k

(a) Calculate value of k

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x - axis for -3 ≤ x ≤ 3 and
2cm to represent 5 units on the y-axis for -16 ≤ y ≤ 16.Draw the graph of
y = x(x - 2)(x + 2)

(c) Use your graph to solve the equations

(i) x(x -2)(x + 2) = 0
(ii) x(x - 2) (x + 2) = x + 2

125 © Mr 6points
 y
(a) k = 3(3-2)(3+2) = 15
30
y = x(x - 2)(x + 2)
(b)
20

y=x+2
5

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x

-5

- 10

(c)(i) y = 0
x = -2 ,x = 0 and x = 2
y = x(x - 2)(x + 2) - 15
(ii) y = x + 2
x -2 -1 0 1 2
y 0 1 2 1 2
x = -2 , x = - 0.4 and x = 2.45

126 © Mr 6points
2. 2017 P2
The diagram below shows the graph of y = x³ + 3x² - x - 3

30

20

10

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3
x

- 10

- 20

- 30

(a) Use the graph to find the solutions of equations

(i) x³ + 3x² - x - 3 = 0
(ii) x³ + 3x² - x - 3 = 5

(b) Calculate an estimate of

(i) the gradient of the curve at the point (-3 , 0)
(ii) the area bounded by the curve , x = 0 , y = 0 and y = 20.

127 © Mr 6points
(a)(i) y = x³ + 3x³ - x - 3 - ( x³ + 3x² - x - 3)
y = 3x³ - x - 3 - x³ - 3x² + x + 3
y = 3x³ - 3x² - x³ + 3 - 3 + x - x
y=0
On the graph ,when y = 0
x = -3 , x = -1 , x = 1.
(ii) y = x³ + 3x² - x - 3 - ( x³ + 3x² - x - 5 )
y = x³ + 3x² - x - 3 - x³ - 3x² + x + 5
y = -3 + 5
y=2
on the graph when y = 2
draw a line cutting the curve at y = 2 then
x = - 2 . 5 x = -1.5 and x = 1.2

(b)(i) To find the gradient, draw a staight line touching the curve only at
(-3,0) and thick any two points lying on this line for Example (-3,0)
and (-2,8)
y2  y1
m 
x2  x1
8  0
m 
 2  ( 3)
m  8

(ii) Area = Area of a rectangle + area of a trapizuim

1
A  l  b  ( a  b )h
2
1
A  1  20  (20  5 )
2
A  20  12 . 5

A = 32.5 units²

128 © Mr 6points
3. 2017 GCE P2
The diagram below shows the graph of y = x³ + x² - 5 + 3
y

30

20

10

-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x

- 10

- 20

- 30

- 40

- 50

- 60

Use the graph

(a) To calculate an estimate of the gradient of the curve at the point
(2,5).
(b) to solve the equations
(i) x³ + x² - 5x + 3 = 0
(ii) x³ + x² - 5x + 3 = 5x
(c) to calculate an estimate of the area bounded by the curve
x = 0 , y = 0 and x = - 2.

129 © Mr 6points
(a) To find the gradient, draw a staight line touching the cve only at
(2,5) and thick any two points lying on this line for Example (2,5)
and (1,-7)
y2  y1
m 
x2  x1
 7  5
m 
1  2
 12
m 
1
m  12

(b)(i) y = x³ + x² - 5x + 3 - ( x³ + x² - 5x + 3)
y = x³ + x² - 5x + 3 - x³ - x² + 5x - 3)
y=0
On the graph when y = 0
x = -3 and x = 1

(ii) y = 5x
x -1 0 1 5
y -5 0 5 10
x = -3.8 , x = 0.3 and x = 2.4

(c) From the graph in the given bounds, two trapiziums can be formed
1 1
A  ( a  b )h  A  ( a  b )h
2 2
1 1
A  ( 9  8 )1  (8  3 )
2 2
1 1
A  (17 )  (11 )
2 2
A  8 .5  5 .5
2
A  14units

130 © Mr 6points
4. 2018 P2
The values of x and y are connected by the equation y = 2x³ - 3x² + 5
Some of the corresponding values of x and y are given in the table below.

x -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

y p -8.5 0 4 5 4.5 4 5 9

(a) Calculate value of P

(b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x - axis for -2 ≤ x ≤ 2 and
2cm to represent 5 units on the y-axis for -25 ≤ y ≤ 10.Draw the graph of
y = 2x³ - 3x² + 5

(c) Use your graph to solve the equation 2x³ - 3x² + 5 = x

(d) Calculate an estimate of the gradient of the curve at the point where
x = 1.5

131 © Mr 6points
(a) p = 2(-2)³ - 3(-2)² + 5 y (c) y = x then
p = -23 10 x = -1.1
(b)
5

-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2

-5

- 10
(d) (1.5,5) and (0.5,0)
y2  y1
m 
x2  x1
- 15
0  5
m 
0 .5  1 .5
- 20  5
m 
1
- 25 m  5

132 © Mr 6points
5. 2019 P2
The diagram below shows part of the graph of y = x³ + 2x - 1 and y = 10x.

40

y = x³ + 2x - 1 y = 10x
30

20

10

-2 -1 1 2 3 4 x

- 20

- 30

(i) Use the graph to solve the equations

(a) x³ + 2x = 6
(b) x + 2x - 1 = 10x.

(ii) Calculate an estimate of

(a) the gradient of the curve at the point(2 , 11).
(b) the area bounded by the curve y = 10x , y = 0 and x = 2.

133 © Mr 6points
(i)(a) y = x³ + 2x - 1 - (x³ + 2x - 6)
y = x³ + 2x - 1 - x³ - 2x + 6
y=5
On the graph when y = 5
x = 1.5

(b) Find the x values where the curve and line meet.
x = - 0.1 and 2.9

(ii)(a) Draw a tangent on (2,11) and pick any other two points say (2.5 ,20).
y2  y1
m 
x2  x1
20  11
m 
2 .5  2
9
m 
0 .5
m  18

(b) (ii) Area = Area of a rectangle + area of a triangle

1
A  l  b  bh
2
1
A  1  10   1  10
2
A  10  5
A = 15 units²

134 © Mr 6points
6. 2019 GCE P2

The values of x and y are connected by the equation y = x³ - 5x + 3

Some of the corresponding values of x and y are given in the table
below.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y k 5 7 3 -1 1 15

(i) Calculate value of k.

(ii) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 1 unit on the x - axis for -3 ≤ x ≤ 3

and 2cm to represent 5 units on the y-axis for -10 ≤ y ≤ 20. Draw the
graph of y = x³ - 5x + 3

(iii) Use your graph to

(a) solve the equation y = x³ - 5x = 0

(b) estimate the area bounded by the curve, y =3 and x = -2.

135 © Mr 6points
 (i)k = (-3)³ - 5(-3) + 3 y

k=-9
(ii) 20

15

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3 x

-5

- 10

(iii)(a) x³ - 5x + 3 - ( x³ - 5x - 0) A=l×b
x³ - 5x + 3 - x³ + 5x + 0 =2×3
y=3 = 6 units ²
when y = 3 on the graph
x = -2.5 , x = 0 and x = 2.2

136 © Mr 6points
 GCE 2020 PAPER TWO

1 (a) Given that matrix A = 7 4p ,

9 5p
(i) find the value of p for which the determinant of A is -2,
(ii) hence, find the inverse of A.

(b) Mutola and Mwambi were to be selected as members of a

netball team. The probability of selecting Mutola is 7 and
8
that of selecting Mwambi is 9 ,
10
find the probability that
(i) only one of them is selected.
(ii) none of them is selected.
Solutions
7 8 
(a)(i) det = ad - bc (ii) A   
- 2  (7  5p) - (4p  9) 9 10 
- 2  35p - 36p 1 d - b 
Inverse  - c a 
det  
-2  p

-1  1 1 10 - 8
 
p2 2 - 9 7 

7 1 9 1 1 1
(b)(i)     (ii)  
8 10 10 8 8 10
1 1
 
5 80

137 © Mr 6points
 y 1
2 (a) Simplify
y2 1
(b) The sum of n terms of a geometric progression (G.P) is given by
10
10  . Find
2n
(i) the sum of the first 4 term of this G.P,
(ii) the first term,
(iii) the first 4 terms.
Solution
y 1
(a) 
( y  1)( y  1)
1

y 1

10 10
(b)(i) S 4  10  (ii) S1  10 
24 21
 9.375 5

10
(iii) S 2  10   7 .5
4
T2  7.5  5  2.5
10
S 3  10   8.75
8
T3  8.75  7.5  1.25
T4  9.375  8.75
 0.625

138 © Mr 6points
3 (a) Solve the equation 2x 2 + 3x - 7 = 0, giving your answers correct to
2 decimal places.
(b) The Venn diagram below shows the number of students in each of
the three courses at a University.
MATHEMATICS CHEMISTRY

6 5- X 7
X
4-X 3-X

2
PHYSICS

(i) Given that there were 25 students altogether, find the value of x
(ii) How many students studied
(a) Mathematics and Chemistry only,
(b) one course only,
(c) Chemistry and Physics but not Mathematics?
Solutions
b  b 2  4 ac
(a) x 
2a

 3  33  4( 2)( 7 )
x
2( 2)
 3  65
x
4
x  1.27or  2.77

(b)(i) 6 + 5 - x + x + 4 - x + 3 - x + 7 + 2 = 25 (b) (ii)(a) 5 - 1 = 4

27 - 2x = 25 (ii)(b) 6 + 7 + 2 = 15
27 - 25 = 2x (ii)(c) 3 - 1 = 2
2 = 2x
x=1

139 © Mr 6points
4 (a) The programme below is given in the form of a pseudocode.
Start
Enter radius
If radius < 0
Then display “error message” and re-enter positive radius
Else enter slant height
If slant height < 0
Then display “error message” and re-enter positive slant height
Else Area = π * r * (r + slant height)
End if
Display Area
Stop
Draw the corresponding flow chart for the information given above.
Solution
Start

Enter , r

is yes
r<0? “Error message”
no
Enter , l

is yes
l<0? “error message”

no

A = π * r * (r + l)

Display Area

Stop

140 © Mr 6points
 2 3
4 (b) Express  as a single fraction in its simplest form.
Solution x  1 1  x
2(1  x )  3( x  1)

( x  1)(1  x )
2  2 x  3x  3

( x  1)(1  x )
5  5x

(x  1)(1  x)

5 (a) (i) Construct a quadrilateral PQRS in which QR = 6cm, angle PQR

= 90° , angle QRS = 120° , RS = 7cm and PQ = 10cm.
(ii) Measure and write the size of angle QPS.
(b) On your diagram,draw the locus of points within quadrilateral PQRS
which are
(i) 8cm from R
(ii) equidistant from Rand S.
(iii) equidistant from PS and RS.
(c) At X, within quadrilateral PQRS, is such that it is less than or equal
to 8cm from R, nearer to S than R and nearer to PS than RS. Shade
the region in which X must lie.
Solution
QPS = 68°

141 © Mr 6points
6 (a) In the diagram below, Q is the midpoint of OC and OABP is a
straight line with OA =AB = BP, OA = 2p and OQ = q.

Express in terms of p and/or q.

(i) OB.
(ii) BC.
(iii) AQ.
(iv) CP.
Solution
(a)(i) OB = OA + AB (ii) BC = BO + OC
= 2p + 2p = -4p + 2q
= 4p = 2q - 4p

(iii) AQ = AO + OQ (iv) CP = CO + OP
= -2p + q = -2q + 6p
= q - 2p = 6p - 2q

(b) The gradient function of a curve is 3x + 2. Find the equation of

the curve if it passes through the point (0, 2).
 ( 3 x  2 ) dx
3x2
  2x  C
2
2 c
3x 2
y   2x  2
2

142 © Mr 6points
7 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

(a) Triangle PQR is mapped onto LMN by a single transformation,

Describe this transformation fully.

(b)An enlargement maps trapezium ABCD onto trapezium A 1 B 1 C 1 D1 .

Find the center of enlargement and scale factor.

(c)A transformation with the matrix 1 0 maps triangle PQR onto

0 -3
triangle XYZ, not drawn on the diagram.Find the coordinates of X ,Y & Z.

(d) Triangle LMN is mapped onto triangle L 1 M1 N1 by a shear. Find

(i) the matrix of shear.
(ii) the shear factor.

143 © Mr 6points
 Solution
(a) It is a rotation with centre(0,0) with an angle of 90° in the
anticlockwise direction.
C  D1 6
(b) k  
CD 3
K=2

(c) Image = matrix × object

a b c 1 0 -2 -4 -6
(c)(i) =
0 -3 1 4 2
d e f

-2 + 0 -4 + 0 -6 + 0
= 0 + -3 0 + -12 0 + (-6)

-2 -4 -6 X = (-2 , -3)
= -3 -12 -6 Y = (-4 , -12)
Z = (-6 , -6)

(d)(i) Image = matrix × object (ii) Shear factor = -2

4 10 a b -4 -2
=
-4 -6 c d -4 -6

= -4a - 4b -2a -6b

-4c - 4d -2c -6d
-4a - 4b = 4 -4c - 4d = -4
-2a - 6d = 10 -2c - 6d = -6
Solve simultaneously
a = 1 , b = -2 , c = 0 , d = 1
1 -2
=
0 1

144 © Mr 6points
145 © Mr 6points
 marks x f fx x² fx²
10 < x ≤ 15 12.5 2 25 156.25 312.5
15 < x ≤ 20 17.5 3 52.5 306.25 918.75
20 < x ≤ 25 22.5 3 67.5 506.25 1518.75
25 < x ≤ 30 27.5 5 137.5 756.25 3781.25
30 < x ≤ 35 32.5 6 195 1056.25 6337.5
35 < x ≤ 40 337.5 6 225 1406.25 8437.5
40 < x ≤ 45 42.5 3 127.5 1806.25 5418.75
45 < x ≤ 50 47.5 2 95 2256.25 4512.5

Totals  f  30  fx  925  fx 2
 31237.5

(a) Mean , x   fx
f
925

30
 30.8

SD 
 fx 2

 ( x)2
f
31237 . 5
SD   ( 30 . 8 ) 2
30
SD  92 . 62
SD  9.6

146 © Mr 6points
(b)

≤ 35 ≤ 40 ≤ 45 ≤ 50
y 0.63 0.83 0.93 1
1

0.9

0.8
semi - interquartile range
3
0.7 Q 3   1  0 . 75
4
Q 3  38
Relative frequency

0.6
1
Q 1   1  0 . 25
4
0.5
Q 1  24
1
0.4   38  24 
2
1
0.3  ( 14 )
2
 7
0.2

0.1

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 x
Marks

147 © Mr 6points
(a)(i) Angle OGL
O L

sin O sin L
10 .1 14 .2

sin O sin 40 0
sin 40  10 .1
sin O   sin 1 ( 0 .4571940041 )
14 .2
O  27 .2
OGL  180  ( 40  27 .2 )
0
 112.8

148 © Mr 6points
(a)(ii) Area (iii) shortest distance
1 d 
2A
A   a  b  sin C b
2
2  66 . 1
 0.5  10 .1  14 .2 sin(112 .8) 
14 . 2
 66.1m 2  9.31m

(b) 5 cos   3
3 2 4
(c) 99 m n  33 m n
5 5 2 3
20 p q 2 3
40 p q
3
cos   99 m 3 n 2 40 p 2 q 3
5  
20 p 2 q 3 33 m 4 n
1 3
  cos   6n
5 
0
m
θ  53.1

149 © Mr 6points
(a) Difference in longitude
55° + 24° = 79°

(i)(ii) PQ   2R cos x
360
79 0
4392.079611   2  3.142  6370  cos x
360 0
4392.079611  8784.15922 cos x
4392.079611 8784.159222 cos x

8784.159222 8784.159222
cos x  0.500683047
x  cos 1 0.500683047
x  60 0 N

(c) AD   2 R
360
120 0
AD   2  3 .142  6370
360 0
AD  13343 .02667
AD  13,300km

150 © Mr 6points
H L

1 2
h
H
l
12
V 
3

L H  l 2h 

1
H 3 8
8 H  12 ( H  3 )

V  12 2  9  8 2  6
3

8 H  12 H  36 1
V  912 
36  12 H  8 H 3
36  4 H V  304cm 3
H 9
h  93
h6

151 © Mr 6points
(i) y  3  5 x  x 2  x 2 2
(iii)(a) y  3  5 x  x  x
3

r  3  5 (  1)  (  1) 2  (  1) 3 y 1  5  2 x  3 x 2
r8 y   5  2 ( 2 )  3( 2 ) 2
  5  4  12
30 gradient  11
(i)
.
20
y  3  5x  x2  x3

. . 10

. .
-3
. -2 -1
.
1 2 3 x
1 3 2
(iii)(b) A  bh (b) y  2 x  3 x  12 x  4
2 P= -2
y 1  6 x 2  6 x  12
1 S = -1
 1 9 6 x 2  6 x  12  0
2 F = -2,1
 4.5units 2
x2  6  2  0
( x  2 )( x  1)  0
x = 2 or x = -1
y  2 ( 2 ) 3  3( 2 ) 2  12 ( 2 )  4
y   16
y  2 (  1) 3  3(  1) 2  12 (  1)  4
y  11
(2, -16) & (-1, 11)

152 © Mr 6points
Solution
(a) (i) x ≥ 10

(ii) y ≤ 60

(iii) x + y ≤ 80

(iv) y ≥ 2x

153 © Mr 6points
 y (c) P = 1.50x + 2.50y
(a)(i) x ≥ 10 (10 , 20) 1.50(10) + 2.50 (20) = 65
(ii) y ≤ 60 (27 , 55) 1.50(27) + 2.50(55) =178
(b) (iii) x + y ≤ 80 (20 , 60) 1.50(21) + 2.50(60) = 180
(iv) y ≥ 2x (10 , 60) 1.50(10) + 2.50(60) = 165
20 small bottles and 60 large bottles

(d) MP = 1.50(20) + 2.50(60)

80
= K180.00

. .
70

60

.
50
R
40

30

20 .
10

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 x

154 © Mr 6points
ALL THE BEST!!

Mr 6points

155 © Mr 6points