“When a man is denied the right to live the life he believes in, he has no choice

but to become an outlaw.” – Nelson Mandela

According to the dictionary, a criminal is identified as someone who commits

crimes. Legally, it is a popular term for anyone who has committed a crime, whether
convicted of the offense or not. More properly it should apply only to those actually
convicted of a crime. Repeat offenders are sometimes called habitual criminals. 2) adj.
describing certain acts or people involved in or relating to a crime. Examples of uses
include "criminal taking," "criminal conspiracy," a "criminal gang”.

How do criminals exist? It is a complex issue that has puzzled society for
centuries. While some argue that individuals are born with criminal tendencies, others
believe that external factors significantly shape criminal behavior. In my opinion, the
reasons behind why there are criminals lie in a combination of both nature and nurture.
Are criminals born or made? While some argue that criminal behavior is a result of
inherent traits, others believe that it is shaped by environmental factors.

Individual factors. It includes biological factors and psychological factors.

Biological factors are essential to acknowledge the influence of genetics on criminal
behavior. Studies have shown that certain genetic factors can predispose individuals to
engage in illegal activities. These biological traits may include impulsivity, aggression, or
a lack of empathy. However, it is crucial to note that having these genetic markers does
not automatically make someone a criminal; rather, they increase the likelihood of
engaging in criminal behavior if other environmental factors come into play.
Psychological factors greatly affect the character of a person. Some individuals may
have personality traits or psychological disorders that make them more prone to criminal
behavior. These may include impulsivity, antisocial personality disorder, or a history of
trauma.

Social Factors. Socialization, poverty or economic inequality, education and peer

influence are some of the reasons why some people choose to commit crimes. The way
individuals are raised and socialized can influence their behavior. A lack of positive role
models or exposure to criminal behavior within the family or peer group can contribute
to criminal activities. Economic deprivation and limited opportunities can drive
individuals to commit crimes as a means of survival or to improve their quality of life. A
lack of access to quality education can limit opportunities for individuals, potentially
leading to criminal behavior. Peer pressure and association with delinquent peers can
encourage criminal activities.

Environment Factors. Environmental factors also contribute significantly to the

development of criminal behavior. Growing up in an environment characterized by
poverty, violence, or substance abuse can increase the chances of an individual turning
to crime to survive or escape. Additionally, exposure to deviant peers or dysfunctional
family dynamics can shape one's moral compass and lead one down a path toward
criminality. High-crime neighborhoods with limited access to social services, healthcare,
and recreational activities can contribute to criminal behavior. The availability of firearms
and drugs contributes to the personality of man to defend himself in just a simple cause.
Easy access to firearms and drugs can increase the likelihood of violent and drug-
related crimes. Media and Culture influence mostly the young generations today.
Exposure to violent or criminal behavior in media and popular culture can potentially
desensitize individuals to criminal acts. They explore things without thinking its
outcomes.

Political and Legal Factors. Weak law enforcement, corruption, or lack of

resources can create an environment conducive to criminal behavior. Many countries
experience this problem of justice imbalance because of the status of life. The richer
you are the more the law is in your hand. Mostly poor people suffer injustice, especially
in the Philippines. A perception of unfairness or ineffectiveness in the criminal justice
system may discourage individuals from obeying the law.

Cultural and Historical Factors. In some cultures, certain forms of criminal

behavior may be more accepted or even encouraged. They believe in a saying, An eye
for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.” That’s why many gangs were organized. More
families have lost because for them it is right to create crime because of revenge.
Historical events and societal legacies, such as discrimination or oppression, can have
long-lasting effects on crime rates. There are incidences that when you are in foreign
countries, the locals there treat you badly and violate your rights, and in a bad scenario,
death will occur. Racists put anger and violence in their hands.

It's important to note that these factors often interact and overlap, making it
challenging to pinpoint a single cause for criminal behavior. Additionally, individuals vary
greatly, and what motivates one person to commit a crime may differ from another.
Efforts to reduce crime typically involve a combination of prevention, intervention, and
rehabilitation programs addressing these various factors.

In conclusion, criminals are not solely products of their genetics or their

environment; rather, they are influenced by both nature and nurture. Understanding this
complex interplay between biology and external influences is crucial for developing
effective strategies to prevent crime and rehabilitate offenders. By addressing both
individual vulnerabilities and societal issues such as poverty and inequality, we can
work towards creating a safer and more just society for all its members.