ALTHOUGH / EVEN THOUGH/ THOUGH

(Aunque)
 They all mean “in spite of something”

 Structure:

Although
Even though subject verb
Though
 Differences
ALTHOUGH EVEN THOUGH

 It is less emphatic  It emphasises more

(for normal cases) (for weirder / stranger
cases)

o Although it was o Even though it was very

expensive, we bought expensive, we bought it.
it.
Differencess
EVEN THOUGH / ALTHOUGH THOUGH
 Are more formal  Is less formal

 Are used at the  It can be used at the

beginning of the beginning, middle or
sentence at the end of the
sentence
 3 more ways to use THOUGH
1. ‘Though’ following an adjective
Small though the island is, Malta has a long and rich
history.

2. At the end of the sentence

I already ate. Thanks, though!

3. With the word ‘as’. As though: ‘como si’

He acted as though he were angry.
Examples
HOWEVER
 We normally use however as a connector,
meaning “sin embargo”
 But if we find however at the beginning of
the sentence, it means “sin importar”
 Structure:

However adjective verb

TO BE
 However careful he is, he always hits his
head.
 DESPITE / IN SPITE OF
(A pesar de)
 Structure:

Despite
Noun / Gerund / Pronoun
In spite of
Examples
THE EXPRESSION OF THE
CAUSE
- AS /SINCE /
BECAUSE
- BECAUSE OF /
DUE TO
 CAUSE
SENTENCE 1 SENTENCE 2
“We didn’t go on holidays . We had no money”

In this rephrasing, we’ll find 2

sentences. One of them
expresses the CAUSE or the
REASON why something has
happened/will happen. We
will join them by using
LINKERS establishing
this connection. “We didn’t go on holidays BECAUSE we had no money”
 BECAUSE = porque..
“We had to get back home BECAUSE it started to snow heavily”
“Tuvimos que volver a casa PORQUE empezó a nevar fuerte”

CONJUNCTIONS SINCE = como…

“SINCE it started to snow heavily, we had to get back home”
Followed by a SENTENCE
“COMO empezó a nevar fuerte, decidimos volver a casa” REMEMBER!
AS = como… YOU CAN
SWAP THE
“AS it started to snow heavily, we had to get back home” SENTECES.
“COMO empezó a nevar fuerte, decidimos volver a casa”
BECAUSE OF = a causa
de..
“We had to get back home BECAUSE OF the heavy rain ”
PREPOSITIONS
“Tuvimos que volver a casa A CAUSA DE / (POR) la fuerte nevada”
Followed by a DUE TO = debido a..
PHRASE
“We had to get back home DUE TO the heavy rain ”
(un sintagma nominal)
“Tuvimos que volver a casa DEBIDO A la fuerte nevada”