ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

OF CONCESSION
although / even though + clause
in spite of / despite + noun / -ing form
in spite of / despite + the fact that + clause

Although
Though

though
+
In spite of the fact that
Despite the fact that
Even

In

spite of
Despite

A CLAUSE

a noun / -ing form

+ a pronoun

1.

Although it was raining heavily, they

went for a picnic.
In spite of the heavy rain, they went for
a picnic.
2. Even though the weather was fine,
they stayed indoors.
They stayed indoors, though the weather
was fine.
Despite the fine weather, they stayed
indoors.

Examples

It

is raining. the rain

1. His health is poor.
N. his poor health.
2. The house is on fire.
N. the fire
3. It was raining heavily.
N. the heavy rain

Formation of a NOUN(N).

4.

The weather was fine.

N. the fine weather
5. She failed to win.
N. her failure.
6. Her marks were low.
N. her low marks.
7. He works very hard.
N. his hard work

More Nouns

1.

Although the weather is cold, they go

swimming.

In spite of the cold weather, they go

swimming.
2. Although it is raining heavily, they go
on a picnic.

In spite of the heavy rain, they go on

a picnic.

Change the sentences with

although to those with in
spite of

1.

Even though it was raining, they went

swimming.
Despite the rain, they went swimming.
2. The woman went into the building,
though there was a fire.
In spite of the fire, the woman went into
the building.

GAME: Rewriting Sentences

3.

He tried again although he failed in the

driving test.
He tried again in spite of his failure in the
driving test.
4. She did not feel sad though her marks
were low.
She did not feel sad despite her low
marks.

More in spite of & despite