ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 6 – PRELIM RESEARCH

I. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGIES AND MATERIALS

a. CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGIES
1. Earthquake-Resistant Design - In response to the seismic activity
prevalent in Tagaytay, Philippines, the earthquake-resistant design for the
new primary school will prioritize the integration of flexible foundation
systems, such as base isolators, to mitigate the transmission of seismic
forces. Additionally, employing innovative structural configurations, such
as incorporating energy-dissipating devices, will further enhance the
school's resilience against potential earthquakes.
2. Typhoon-Resilient Design - In addressing the vulnerability to typhoons in
Tagaytay, the typhoon-resilient design of the new primary school will
involve reinforced roofing, impact-resistant windows, and the use of
robust materials capable of withstanding extreme weather conditions.
3. Sustainable Construction - In pursuit of sustainable construction for the
new primary school in Tagaytay, emphasis will be placed on implementing
rainwater harvesting systems to efficiently manage water resources.
Additionally, the integration of solar panels and strategic natural
ventilation designs not only promotes energy efficiency but also fosters a
green learning environment, aligning with eco-conscious principles for a
more sustainable future.
b. CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

BAMBOO Bamboo is an ideal

construction material for the
new primary school model
in Tagaytay, Philippines, due
to its remarkable strength,
light weight, and flexibility,
making it well-suited for
earthquake-resistant designs
common in the region. Its
rapid growth and
 renewability further
contribute to its
sustainability, providing an
eco-friendly option that
aligns with responsible and
resilient building practices
in a typhoon-prone
environment.
REINFORCED Reinforced concrete is a
CONCRETE suitable construction
material for the new primary
school model in Tagaytay,
Philippines, because of its
exceptional strength, fire
resistance, and durability,
essential for structures that
need to withstand seismic
forces common in the
region. Its versatility allows
for the construction of
robust foundations, columns,
and beams, ensuring the
resilience of the school
buildings against both
earthquakes and typhoons
prevalent in the area.
GREEN ROOFS It offers natural insulation,
reducing the energy
consumption needed for
cooling in the tropical
climate. Additionally, green
roofs contribute to
stormwater management by
absorbing rainwater,
 providing an eco-friendly
solution that aligns with
sustainable building
practices and helps mitigate
potential flooding concerns
in the region.
ENERGY – EFFICIENT It allows ample natural light
GLASS while minimizing heat gain,
promoting a well-lit and
comfortable learning
environment. The glass's
thermal insulation properties
contribute to energy
efficiency, reducing the
reliance on artificial lighting
and cooling systems, thereby
enhancing sustainability and
minimizing operational costs
for the school.
CERAMIC TILES Ceramic tiles are a good
construction material for the
new primary school model
in Tagaytay, Philippines, due
to their durability, ease of
maintenance, and resistance
to moisture, making them
well-suited for high-traffic
areas in the school.
Additionally, ceramic tiles
offer a wide range of designs
and colors, allowing for
aesthetically pleasing and
vibrant flooring solutions
that can contribute to a
 positive and engaging
learning environment.

II. SUSTAINABLE APPROACHES

1. Sustainable Energy Implementation – Implement solar panels and other
renewable energy sources to power the school, reducing reliance on
conventional energy and contributing to a lower carbon footprint.
2. Rainwater Harvesting – Designing permeable surfaces, such as green roofs
or permeable pavements, can facilitate natural infiltration and groundwater
recharge, complementing rainwater harvesting efforts and contributing to
sustainable water management within the school's premises.
3. Native Landscaping and Green Spaces – Incorporating outdoor learning
areas within the green spaces can create dynamic environments for students,
fostering a deeper connection with nature and promoting environmental
education.
4. Natural Ventilation and Daylighting – Incorporate operable windows and
strategic positioning of ventilation elements to optimize natural airflow.
5. Climate Responsive Design - Understand the local climate and design the
school to respond to it. Use passive design strategies to optimize natural
ventilation, daylighting, and thermal comfort.
6. Material Selection - Opt for locally sourced, renewable, and recyclable
materials. Consider the life cycle of materials to minimize environmental
impact. Bamboo and other sustainable materials native to the Philippines
could be excellent choices.
7. Community Engagement - Involve the local community in the design
process. Understand their needs and preferences, and consider incorporating
cultural elements into the design. This can create a sense of ownership and
pride within the community.
 8. Flexible Spaces - Design flexible and adaptable spaces that can accommodate
different teaching methods and changing educational needs. This ensures that
the school remains relevant and functional over time.
9. Accessibility - Ensure that the school is accessible to everyone, including
individuals with disabilities. Design ramps, elevators, and other features to
provide equal opportunities for education.
10. Resilience to Natural Disasters - Consider the geographical location and
design the school to withstand natural disasters common to the Philippines,
such as typhoons and earthquakes. Implement safety measures and resilient
construction techniques.

III. SUSTAINABLE TROPICAL BUILDING DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Energy and emissions
a. Incorporate passive design measures to maximize the use of natural
ventilation, cooling and lighting.
b. Maximize energy efficiency and surpass minimum statutory requirements for
energy efficiency.
c. Strive for long-term sustainability and energy security by installing renewable
energy generation systems.
d. Maximize opportunities for public and active transport access to the building.
Water and wastewater
e. Maximize water efficiency and surpass minimum statutory requirements for
water efficiency.
f. Access alternative water sources to reduce consumption of potable water.
g. Phase out use of potable water in landscaping.
Indoor environment quality
h. Incorporate materials and fittings that are not harmful to the health, safety and
well-being of building users.
i. Use air-handling and temperature control systems that provide a comfortable
and healthy indoor environment.
j. Ensure work areas have access to natural light and external views.
 Waste and construction materials
k. Select materials with the lower embodied energy and environmental impacts.
l. Maximize reuse and recycling of construction and demolition waste.
m. Allow adequate space for recycling, waste storage and composting by building
occupants.
Local environment
n. Restore habitat and improve community spaces surrounding buildings.
o. Minimize the impact during and post development on biodiversity, water and
soil quality, soil erosion and visual amenity.

IV. FLEXIBILITY AND INTEGRATION WITH THE SITE AND ENVIRONMENT

 Mater Dei Academy, Mahogany Avenue, Tagaytay City, Cavite, Tagaytay

1. Site-Specific Design
- Tailor the school's layout and orientation to the unique characteristics of the site,
considering factors such as topography, prevailing winds, and solar exposure for
optimal energy efficiency and comfort.
2. Modular Design Concepts
- Embrace modular design principles to allow for future expansion or adaptation,
ensuring the school can evolve to meet changing educational needs without
significant disruptions.
3. Landscape Integration
- Seamlessly integrate the school's architecture with the natural landscape,
preserving existing vegetation and incorporating outdoor learning spaces that connect
students with nature.
4. Cultural Sensitivity
- Respect and incorporate local cultural elements into the design, fostering a sense
of identity and community pride while ensuring the school reflects the cultural context
of Tagaytay.
5. Accessibility and Inclusivity
- Design accessible pathways and facilities to ensure inclusivity for all students,
considering the needs of individuals with diverse abilities and creating an
environment that promotes equal opportunities for learning.
6. Aesthetics
- Foster a harmonious relationship between the built environment and the natural
surroundings by choosing materials, colors, and architectural elements that
complement and enhance the beauty of the Tagaytay landscape.
7. Flexible Learning Spaces
- Plan for versatile and adaptable classrooms and common areas that can
accommodate various teaching methods, technology integration, and collaborative
learning approaches, promoting a dynamic educational environment.
8. Natural Ventilation and Open Spaces
 - Maximize natural ventilation strategies and open-air spaces, creating a comfortable
and breathable atmosphere while minimizing the reliance on artificial climate control
systems.
9. Water Management
- Implement sustainable water management practices, such as permeable surfaces
and rain gardens, to reduce stormwater runoff and enhance groundwater recharge,
contributing to ecological balance.

10. Community Engagement

- Involve the local community in the design process, seeking input and feedback to
ensure the school model aligns with the needs and aspirations of the residents in
Tagaytay.

V. SWOT ANALYSIS:

Strength:

1. The site is situated in Tagaytay City, known for its picturesque landscapes and cool
climate, creating a positive and conducive learning environment.
2. The site is surrounded by natural beauty, providing opportunities for outdoor
activities, environmental studies, and a connection to nature.

Weakness:

1. The site might be prone to environmental risks such as landslides or flooding,

considering the hilly terrain.
2. Apart from landslides and flooding, the site's location might expose it to other natural
disasters such as earthquakes, which require thorough seismic safety measures to
ensure the safety of the school's infrastructure and occupants.

Opportunities:

1. The school can explore sustainable and eco-friendly building practices, taking
advantage of the natural features to implement green roofs, rainwater harvesting
systems, and other environmentally conscious design elements.
 2. The natural beauty of the site can be leveraged to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the
school.

Threats:

1. Rapid development in the area may lead to increased traffic, noise, and other
disruptions, impacting the quality of the educational experience.

VI. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS:

1. Site Orientation - Optimize the building orientation to maximize natural light and
minimize heat gain, considering the specific angles of the sun in Tagaytay.
2. Energy-Efficient Lighting - Incorporate energy-efficient lighting solutions, such as
LED fixtures, to reduce energy consumption and operating costs.
3. Acoustic Design - Ensure proper acoustic design in classrooms and common areas to
create a conducive learning environment with minimal distractions.
4. Outdoor Learning Spaces - Design outdoor areas that can serve as extensions of
classrooms, encouraging outdoor learning and play.
5. Security Measures - Integrate effective security measures, including controlled access
points and surveillance, to ensure the safety of students and staff.
6. Multifunctional Furniture - Use adaptable and multifunctional furniture to facilitate
various teaching methods and activities within the same space.
7. Water Efficiency - Install water-efficient fixtures and promote water conservation
practices to address local water scarcity concerns.
8. Green Roofs - Integrate green roofs to enhance insulation, reduce heat absorption, and
contribute to overall environmental sustainability.
9. Flexible Classroom Layouts - Design classrooms with flexible layouts to
accommodate different teaching styles and group activities.
10. Safety Zones- Plan designated safety zones and evacuation routes in case of
emergencies, aligning with local safety regulations.
11. Collaborative Spaces - Create collaborative spaces outside of classrooms to encourage
teamwork and group projects among students.
 12. Natural Ventilation - Prioritize natural ventilation strategies to enhance indoor air
quality and reduce the reliance on mechanical ventilation systems.

REFERENCES:

Interior Graphic Standards by Binggeli, Corky

Sustainable Tropical Building Design – Guidelines for Commercial Buildings