25/12/2023

Construction
Management

CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 1

OVERVIEW:
CONSTRUCTION
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY &
HEALTH
MANAGEMENT

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History of Occupational Safety and Health in the Philippines

The OSH Standards was formulated in 1978 Occupational Safety and Health Standards
(OSH Standards):
 Compliance with the Constitutional Mandate
 Safeguard the Worker’s  Amended in 1989
 Social and Economic Well-being  Country’s Central Legislation
 Physical Safety and Health.  Promoting a Safe and Healthy Workplace
for ALL Working People
 Protecting against all Hazards in the
The Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC) Work Environment.

 Established through Executive Order No. 307,
• Signed by the late President Corazon Aquino,
on November 4, 1987.
• Mandate
 Champions the cause of Work Safety and
Health in the Philippines.
Republic Act No. 11058
 OSH Law was updated on August 17, 2018
 Strengthening Compliance with
Occupational Safety and Health Standards
 Providing Penalties for Violations
 The IRR was published on December 7,
2018 through D.O No. 198.

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History of Occupational Safety and Health in the Philippines

Republic Act No. 11058 Seven (7) Golden Rules of OHS

 Every employer shall provide his workers free 1) Take Leadership  Demonstrate Commitment
of charge 2) Identify Hazards  Control Risks
 Protective Equipment for their Eyes, 3) Define Targets  Develop Programs
Face, Hands and Feet. 4) Ensure a Safe and  Be Well Organized
Examples of Protective Equipment: Healthy System
 Safety Belt or Harness, 5) Ensure Safety and  Correct Equipment, Work
 Gas or Dust Respirators or Masks, Health in Machines, Safety Plan, Maintain &
 Protective Shields Equipment and Check Equipment
Workplaces. Regularly
DOLE - D.O Series of 1998 6) Improve Qualifications  Develop Competence
7) Invest in People  Motivate by Participation
 Guidelines Governing Occupational Safety
and Health in the Construction Industry in
the Philippines.

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Construction Occupational Safety and Health Management

Workplace

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)

Poor Working Condition

affects
Worker’s Health and Safety

Encompass
 Social

Unhealthy or Unsafe
 Mental Working Condition
can be found anywhere,
 Physical  Workplace is Indoors or
Well-Being Outdoors

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Objective of COSH COSH Risk Management

 To protect every workingman against Process
the danger of injury, sickness, or
death
 Safe and Healthy Working Managing
Conditions Construction Activities
 OHS Standards shall be applied to

Injuries or Fatalities
the Construction Industry.

40 Hrs. Mandatory COSH Training

• Equip Participants with the Basic
Knowledge and Skills in performing Eliminate
 Safety Audits
 Assessments and Analysis of
Hazards and Risks
or Minimize

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

COSH Risk Management

Examples of Construction Risk

1) Working at Heights 3) Toolbox Talks

Use of Scaffolding and

Harnesses to Safely Work
at Heights.

2) Electrical Safety
Routine Inspections on Regular Toolbox Talks with
Electrical Supplies to Ensure the Workers to ensure Focus
they are in Safe and Good on Safety and Critical Risks
Working Order Maintained.

All these form part of the approach to managing often

Safety on Construction Site and any Uncertainty and Risk involve in Construction Activities

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

1) Controls (the minimum) 3) Safety and Design Process 5) Legislation 7) Investigations

2) Safe Work Method 4) Competency/Training 6) Maintaining Awareness 8) Reporting

Statements

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

Categories of Control:
1 CONTROL
 Elimination  Engineering
 Substitution  Administrative
Construction Activities are Risk Associated:
 Isolation  PPE
 Working at Heights
 Excavation Ranking of Control

Appropriate controls need to be in place to manage 1) Elimination

risk in each activity.
How do we know the controls in place are sufficient
to safely undertake the activity?
 Use of Hierarchy of Controls
 Categorize and Rank from the Highest Level of
Protection and Reliability
 Through the Lowest and Least Reliable Forms of
Protection.
 Physical Removal of the Hazard
 Effective during Design/Planning
Example: Complete Activity at Ground Level
rather than at Height.
2) Substitution
 Substitute Hazards with a Safer Option
Example: Excavation with Vacuum Excavation
rather than an Excavator (Non-Destructive
Digging)

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

1 CONTROL
3) Isolation
 Physically Isolating People from the Hazard
(rather than Completing or Substituting it)
Example:
o Concrete Barriers to Protect Workers from Road
Traffic. (Use of Concrete Barrier to isolate
workers from traffic and reduce the risk from
being struck by incoming traffic)
4) Engineering Control
 Put in Place a System to Engineer Out a Risk
Example:
o Putting a Ventilation when Working with
Dangerous Chemicals.
5) Administrative
 Put in place a system to engineer out a risk
Example:
o Using traffic signs or cones to warn people
of the hazard.
6) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 Lowest level of protection and last line of
defense and by far the least effective form
of protection.
 Least effective form
Examples:
o like helmets, gloves, Hi-Vis, Glasses)

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

1 CONTROL

How do we know what level of control is

sufficient for an activity?
 As a Minimum, all Hazard should be Managed Minimum Level of
with at Least an Engineering Control. Control
 An Activity cannot Proceed if there are only
Administrative Control and PPE in-place to
Manage the Activity Hazard.

Minimum Level of Control

 often referred to as having an above the line
control in place with the line drawn on the
hierarchy control above administrative.

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

2 SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT

Example: SWMS
Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS) SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT
 Document used to Identify and Control all What are the Task Involve? What are the Hazards and Risks? What are the risk control measures

Hazards List of HRCW work tasks

Example:
List the Hazards and Risks of List the risk control measures
the Task
Example: Example:
List how the control measures will
be implemented
Example:
List who is responsible for the
control measures being
Example:

 Minimum Controls in Place Roof tiling Slipping or falling from the

roof
Scaffold with catch platform and Scaffold or guard rail supplied and Principal Contractor/Builder
or guard rail system erected by supplier or competent

 Needs for all High-Risk Construction Fall restraint system such as

person
Fall restraint system installed and Roofer/ Roofing Supervisor
harness and appropriate anchor used by appropriately trained

Activities points persons.

 Prepared by a person or persons conducting

the work
 Reviewed by Head-Contractor (if work done
by a Sub-Contractor)
 Head Contractor must have a SWMS
Checklists form and
 Set of Minimum Controls/Standards

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DOLE – CSHP Templates

4-Page CHSP Form 2B 33-Page Comprehensive CSHP Template

2023 Template

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

3 SAFETY AND DESIGN PROCESS Influence on Safety Overtime

 Integration of Hazard Identification and Risk  Ability to Influence Change
Assessment Methods into Design Process
 Asking “How can we make this Safer” As the Project Progresses from Planning
throughout the Design Process into Delivery:
 Useful Life-Construction, Operations,
Maintenance, Demolition.  Ability to Influence Safety
 Series of Workshops during the Design Phase Decreases.
with Representatives from all Phases
 Comments Raised and Recorded in Safety in
Example: Safety in Design
Design Register.
 Comments Closed out during Design Process
 Above-the-Line Controls
 Legislative Requirements

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Safety in Design Example

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

4 Competency/ Training 5 Legislation

 Verify Workers have the Skills and
Expertise to Complete Tasks
 Electricians Performing Electrical Works
 Excavator Operator is Competent
 Project Specifics
 Site Inductions
 Industry Standards
 Job/Task Specific
Safety is an ethical responsibility. It is also important
to acknowledge the Rule of Legislation like Legal
issues on Contract like:
 Failure to provide a safe workplace is a
criminal offense.
 Different from contract law
 Jail time/large fines as punishment
 OSH Mandated by Legislation
 DOLE-CHSP - D.O 13 s. 1998: Guidelines
Governing OHS in the Construction Industry.
 Safety In Design
 Specific Risks

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

Strategies
Health and Safety Risk on Construction Projects

6 Maintaining Awareness 8 Reporting

 Ensuring safety is at the forefront of
everybody’s minds  Reporting on key health and safety metrics
 Workplace culture with a focus on safety  Accountability and responsibility
 Lead indicators and trend analysis
Example
 Pre-Starts Examples:
 Toolbox Talks  LTIs (Lost Time Injuries)
 TRIFR (Total Report for Injury Free Rate)

7 Investigations These metrics helps paint a picture of how

the project and company is performing in
 Understand the Root Cause of Events/Incidents regard to safety.
 Positive/Negative
 Near Misses
 Address Root Causes to Modify Behavior
in Future

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Construction Occupational Health and Safety Management

 All in all, as a Project Engineer, Safety is critically

an important part of our job.

 Safety is our Ethical Responsibility and we need

to be ensuring work are performed in such a way
that everybody can go home from work to their
families safely.

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CONSTRUCTION
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH

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1. What would you do if some of the workers were not using the necessary safety
equipment? How would you handle it?
o Immediately stop work and address the issue with the workers involved.
o Emphasize that Safety is non-negotiable.
o Make sure everyone understands the importance of using the proper safety equipment.
o All of the above

2. What is the Guidelines Governing Occupational Safety and Health in Philippine

Construction Industry?

3. What is the lowest level of control and last line of defense, and least effective form of
safety protection?
4. What do you call the risk document needed for all high-risk construction activities which
identify and control all hazards?

5. How do we know what level of control is sufficient for an activity?

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