BAB 3b

AW101 – OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH

- CHAPTER 3 -
CONTENTS
3.1 Introduction to Occupational Safety and Health Management
System(OSHMS).
3.1.1 OSHMS Definition
3.1.2 OSHMS Concept & Elements
3.1.3 OSHMS Objectives
3.2 Safety & Health Committee
3.2.1 Safety & Health Officer (OSHA 1994, Section 29)
3.2.2 Safety & Health Composition (OSHA 1994, Section 30)
3.2.3 Safety & Health Function (OSHA 1994, Section 31)
3.3 Roles of OSHSM
3.4 Safety & Health Policy
3.5 Development of Safety Procedure
3.6 Safety & Health Training
3.6.1 Safety Training Purpose
3.6.2 Safety Training Needs
AW101/HANISAH/JKE/POLISAS/’11
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEFINITION
What is OSH Management?
 OSH management is a planned, documented and verifiable
method of managing hazards and associated risks.
 OSH management is an organized approach to managing
safety, including the necessary organizational structures,
accountabilities, policies and procedures.
 An OSHMS can be simple or complex, it can be highly
documented or sparingly described and it can be home grown
or based on an available model.
 OSHMS comply the ISO standard MS-1722:Part1:2005
which is certificated by NIOSH Certification Sdn. Bhd.
 This ISO standard is adapted from ILO-OSH:2001 and
OHSAS 18001:1999.
Concept Of Safety Management
Struggle to be effective in reducing incidents and
injury unless they are deployed an effective
management framework.
To be effective, the organization as a whole need to
understand it roles and responsibility.
Employer to provided safe system of work, information,
instruction, training and supervision.
This can best be achieved through a proper organization
and administration.
John Ridley & John Channing, Safety at work, 7th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford UK(2008), pg.209
4
OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ELEMENT
 There are 5 (FIVE) elements in OSH MS which these

elements are adapted from Quality Management
Systems elements of Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA)
 OSH MS elements are;

i) Policy
ii) Organizing
iii) Planning and Implementation (Plan, Do)
iv) Evaluation (Check)
v) Action for improvement (Act)
THE OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODEL
The Deming Model

OSH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ELEMENT
POLICY
 Writing an OSH policy that must be in consultation with
employees, appropriate to the size and nature of organization,
concise, clearly written, dated and signed by employer.
ORGANIZING
 Responsibility and accountability, Competence and training,
Hazard Control System.
PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION
 System Planning, OSH objectives, Development & Implementation.
EVALUATION
 Performance measurement, Accident / Incident Investigation,
Auditing.
ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT
 Preventive & Corrective action, Continual Improvement.
DETAIL BREAKDOWN OF MS 1722:2005 ELEMENTS
OSH MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES
OSH management system is implemented at workplace;

i. To provide a systematic way in implementing OSH
policy and managing the OSH activities in the
organization.
ii. To deliver Safety Policy effectively to its organization to
follow.
iii. To Measure the performance against agreed criteria to
reveal when and where improvement is needed.
iv. To reduce the hazards and risks, accidents, diseases.
SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER (SHO)
Under OSHA 1994, Section 29
(1) An occupier of a place of work should employ a
competent person to act as a safety and health officer
(SHO) at the place of work.
* The Occupational Safety and Health Order 1997;
 The Occupational Safety and Health (Safety and Health
Officer) Order 1997 which came into force on 22 August
1997 requires that certain industries to employ a
competent safety and health officer to resolve matters
pertaining to the safety and health at their workplace.
 Under The OSH Order 1997, It’s compulsory the

Occupier to take an SHO if;
i) Conduct construction/engineering project valued
≥RM20 millions.
ii) Industrial sectors in shipyard, petro-chemical,
metal, oil & gas, wood, or cement that have >
100 workers.
iii) Excluding above industrial sectors that have > 500
workers.
SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE
(1) Employer compulsory to establish committee
if :-
a) More than 40 employees at workplace
b) If directed by Director-General of DOSH
* Regulation Safety & Health (Safety & Health)

1996 give detail guide.
SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE
Under OSHA 1994, Section 30 (1) 1 Regulation 1996
(2) The composition, election or appointment of persons,
the powers of the members and any other matter shall
be as prescribed : -
i) Chairman (Employer or authorized manager)
ii) Secretary (SHO or appointed by the employer)
iii) Management Representative (Appointed by
employer)
iv) Workers representative (Appointed by employer
or elected by workers)
* Minimum 2 if less than 100 employees
* Minimum 4 if more than 100 employees
FUNCTION OF SAFETY AND HEALTH
COMMITTEE
(1) Assist in the development of safety rules and safe system
of works.
(2) Assist in the development and review of the effectiveness
of safety program.
(3) Carry out studies and analysis of incident trends and
statistics.
(4) Report unsafe conditions and unsafe practice and make
recommendations for improvements.
(5) Investigate accidents and conduct workplace inspection
(6) Review and recommend amendments to safety and health
policy.
ROLE OF OSH MANAGEMENT
(1) To promote safety & health culture
(2) Prepare frame work of implementation safety &

health
(3) Provide infrastructure & tools
(4) Encourage skill & knowledge enhancement
SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY
What is Policy?
Policy is any standard, statement, or procedure
of general applicability adopted by the Board of
Trustees pursuant to authority delegated by
law or the Board of Governors.
(www.ncsu.edu/policies/definitions.php)
SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY
The employer, in consultation with workers and their
representatives, should set out in writing an OSH
policy, which should be:
1) Specific to the organization and appropriate to its size
and the nature of its activities.
2) Concise, clearly written, dated and made effective by
the signature or endorsement of the employer or the
most senior accountable person in the organization.
3) Communicated and readily accessible to all persons at
their place of work.
4) Reviewed for continuing suitability.
5) Made available to relevant external interested parties,
as appropriate.
EXAMPLE SAFETY POLICY
MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Safety and Health Policy Statement
We are dedicated to providing a safe and healthful environment for employees and customers, protecting
the public, and preserving MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES assets and property.
At MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES our most valuable resource are the people who work for us. Injuries
can be prevented, INSYAALLAH. To achieve this objective, MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES will
make all reasonable efforts to comply with all government regulations pertaining to safety and health
issues. An effective Safety and Health Program will be carried out throughout our organization.
The Safety and Health Program will assist management and non-supervisory employees in controlling
hazards and risks which will minimize employee and customer injuries, damage to customer’s property
and damage or destruction of MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES property.
All employees will follow this program. This program is designed to encourage all employees to promote
the safety of their fellow employees and customers. To accomplish our safety and health goals, all
members of management are responsible and accountable for implementing this policy, and to insure it
is followed.
MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES is sincerely interested in the employee’s safety. The policy of MWA
CONSULTANCY SERVICES is to provide safe equipment, adequate tools and training, and the
necessary protective equipment. It is the employee’s responsibility to follow the rules of safety as
established for their protection and the protection of others, and to use the protective devices, which
MWA CONSULTANCY SERVICES provides.
DEVELOPMENT OF SAFETY PROCEDURE AND
GUIDELINES
There are only a few simple rules in developing a
safe operating procedures and guidelines.
Think of them in 4 main categories :-
a) Objectives in writing a procedure
b) Audience (employees)
c) Format to reach that audience
d) Precise, simple style of writing
GUIDELINES
Knowing your objectives
It will be impossible to develop effective safety and health
procedure unless you have a clear idea of what you
want them to help accomplish. For example, your
objectives might be to:
a) Reduce the number and severity of accidents
b) Reduce lost time
c) Cut the cost of worker compensation
d) Educating the workers
e) Improve morale
f) Provide a written record of safety instruction
GUIDELINES
Knowing your audience
You must know who will be using these procedures as well
as in what environment. For example will they most
likely be read only in an emergency or will they be read
before a task is undertaken the first time?
Using effective format
Choose a format that makes it easy for the employee to find
a specific rule when a safety or health question comes
up. It does not help to have a comprehensive manual of
safety regulations and procedures but could not be
easily located or accessed when the need arises.
3. Responsibilities
3.1 Managers are responsible for:
(i) Analyzing injury and hazard reports to
identify the need to develop and or review
health and safety rules.
(ii) Developing new or revised rules in
consultation with relevant supervisory
personnel and employees.
(iii) Reviewing on an annual basis all
developed rules.
(iv) Providing a copy of the developed or
revised rules to the OHS&R Co-ordinator.
3.2 Supervisory Personnel are
responsible for:
(I) Issuing copies of all applicable rules to
employees.
(ii) Training all employees in the new or
revised rules.
(iii) Maintaining training records.
(iv) Enforcing the developed rules.
(v) Implementing the University’s disciplinary
procedure for noncompliance with
established rules.
3.3 Employees are responsible for:
(i) Complying at all times with established rules.
(ii) Notifying their immediate supervisor of any
revision or development of safety rules they believe
is needed to protect the health and safety of all
persons present at the workplace.
3.4 OHS&R Co-ordinator is responsible

for:
(i) Providing technical advice and experience to all
staff to assist in the development or revision of
safety rules.
SAFETY AND HEALTH TRAINING
What is Safety Training?

Training means helping people to learn how to do
something, telling people what they should or
should not do, or simply giving them
information. Training isn’t just about formal
‘classroom’ courses.
(www.hse.gov.uk)
Safety Training usually is conducted and

certificated by NIOSH
Who needs S&H training?

1) Managers and supervisors
2) All employees
3) New recruits
4) People changing jobs
5) Updating employee’s skills
Purpose of safety training
Providing training helps you to:
1) Ensure employees are not injured or made ill by the
work.
2) Develop a positive health and safety culture
3) You could manage health and safety better
4) Meet your legal duty to protect employees
5) Making your employees competent in health and safety
6) Help your business avoid the distress that accidents
and ill health cause
7) Help you avoid the financial costs of accidents and
occupational ill health.
TRAINING FOR OSH MANAGEMENT
 Incident Prevention
 OSH Policy Organization & Arrangements
 Risk Assessment and Management + Job Safety
Analysis (JSA) (MA)
 OSH Promotion & Communication and Training
 OSH Programme
 Information Technology in OSH
 Procurement and Contractor Management + Document
(Ex)
 PPE for Safety and Health
 Emergency Response Preparedness and Recovery
Planning
 First-Aid

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AW101 – OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH

 There are 5 (FIVE) elements in OSH MS which these

 OSH MS elements are;

The Deming Model

OSH management system is implemented at workplace;

 Under The OSH Order 1997, It’s compulsory the

* Regulation Safety & Health (Safety & Health)

(1) To promote safety & health culture

(2) Prepare frame work of implementation safety &

(3) Provide infrastructure & tools

(4) Encourage skill & knowledge enhancement

3.4 OHS&R Co-ordinator is responsible

What is Safety Training?

Safety Training usually is conducted and

Who needs S&H training?

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