DUW10022 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH

Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

TOPIC 2: Occupational Safety and

Health Management System
 DUW10022 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

CONTENTS
2.1 Explain the Concepts of Safety
Management

2.1.1 OSH standard Management System

2.1.2 Principles of OSHMS
2.2 Show the Establishment of Safety
and Health Committee
2.2.1 Section 30 OSH 1994
2.2.2 Composition of committee
2.2.3 Specific function of committee
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.3 Describe Roles of The Management

2.3.1 Roles of Management
2.3.2 Section 16, OSHA1994
2.3.3 Procedures in policy, standard
and safety guideline development
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.1. Explain the Concepts of Safety Management

An OSH management system is a set of plans, actions

and procedures that assist an organization to
systematically manage health and safety risk
associated with their business.
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.1.1 OSH standard Management System

 OHSAS 18001 management system standard
 Published in 1999 by British Standard Institution (BSI)
 Latest revised version in July 2007
 Widely used and recognised standard and certifiable

 MS1722:2003 management system standard

 Malaysia standard developed by Industry

Standard Committee OHS (ISC)
 Published in 2005 as a Guidance standard
2.1.2Deming
Explain five components of typical
Wheel
OSH-MS 1722
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.2 UNDERSTAND ESTABLISHMENT OF SAFETY

& HEALTH COMMITTEE

 Shall apply to a safety and health committee

established under section 30 OSHA 1994
 Come into force on 1 January 1997
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.2.1 Explain Section 30 OSH 1994

 Every employer shall establish a safety and health
committee at the place of work in accordance with
this section if:
 There are forty (40) or more persons employed at
the place of work.
 The Director General directs the establishment
of such a committee at the place of work.
 Where 100 persons or less are employed, there
should be at least 2 (two) representatives each from
employer and employees.
 Where more than 100 persons are employed, there
should be at least 4 representatives each from
employer and employee.
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.2.2 Determine Composition of Committee

 A safety and health committee must consist of a
chairman, a secretary, representatives of the
employer and representatives of the employees.
 Appointment of chairman
 should be from the top management, preferably
the CEO.
 Secretary of committee
 can be appointed from among the members.
 If the company has safety and health Officer
he or she should be the secretary.
 Management’s representatives

 Adequate employee representatives
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.2.3 Classify Functions of Committee

 To conduct investigation on any matters on safety or

health and to bring it to the attention of the employers.

 To carry out studies on the trends of accidents, near-

miss accidents, dangerous occurrences,
occupational poisoning and diseases which occurs at
the place of work.
 To inspect the place of workplace at least once in
every three months and recommend preventive and
corrective measures.
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 To discuss the observations during the inspection

of the place of work and make recommendations
to the employer on the remedial measures to be
taken on matters that could affect the person at
the place of work.
 Report to the employer of any unsafe or unhealthy
condition or practices at the place of work with
recommendations for remedial action.
 To review the safety and health policies at the place of
work and make recommendations to the employer for
any revision of such policies.
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

 To assist the employer in any competition in

connection with safety and health, to conduct talks on
safety and health and any other activity which is held
to promote a safe conduct of work at the place of
work.

 Every job in the organization comes with a set of

responsibilities.
2.3 UNDERSTAND ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT
2.3.1 Explain the Roles of the Management
MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT
1. ensure that OSH is a line-management responsibility, which
is known and accepted at all levels;
2. define and communicate to the members of the
organisation the responsibility, accountability and authority
of persons who identify, evaluate or control OSH hazards
and risks;
3. provide effective supervision, as necessary, to ensure the
protection of employees' safety and health;
4. promote cooperation and communication among members of the
organisation, including workers and their representatives, to implement the
elements of the organisation's OSH management system;

5. fulfil the principles of OSH management systems

contained in relevant national guidelines or voluntary
programmes, as appropriate, to which the organisation
subscribes;
6. establish and implement a clear OSH policy and
measurable objectives;
7. establish effective arrangements to identify and eliminate
or control work-related hazards and risks, and promote
health at work;
8. establish prevention and health promotion programmes;
9. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
employees and their representatives in the fulfilment of
the OSH policy;
10.provide appropriate resources to ensure that persons
responsible for OSH, including the safety and health
committee, can perform their functions properly; and
11. ensure effective arrangements for the full participation of
workers and their representatives in safety and health
committees, where they exist.
WORKER PARTICIPATION
There are many ways that workers can and should participate
in OSH-MS activities. IOHA suggests that representatives
should be actively involved in:

i. Emergency Preparedness,
ii. Task Analysis,
iii. Safety Assessments,
iv. Evaluation and revision of standard operating procedures
(SOPs) and work instructions Training programs, and
v. Evaluations or audits.
WORKER PARTICIPATION
Active member in:
i. Safety & Health Committee
ii. Emergency Response/Volunteer Fire Fighting Team
iii. First Aid Team
iv. Housekeeping Inspection Team
v. HIRARC/JSA Team
vi. Internal Audit Team
WORKER PARTICIPATION
Campaign and Program;
i. Safety and Health Week or Month
ii. Fire Drill / Chemical Spillage Drill / etc.
iii. Awareness Campaign / Exhibition / Display
iv. No Smoking Day
v. Zero Accident Competition (Monthly, Quarterly or Yearly)
vi. Inter Department Housekeeping Competition
vii. Gotong-royong
viii. Employee of the month (to include Safety criteria)
ix. Contests and competitions
x. Newsletter/Bulletin
xi. Safety message through gifts, souvenirs, etc.
WORKER PARTICIPATION
Active as an individual in taking part of;
i. Safety and Health Contests/Competitions
• Slogan, Logo & Poster Drawing Competition
• Spot the Unsafe Acts & Unsafe Conditions in
Picture
ii. Safety and Health Quiz
iii. Safety Suggestion Competition
iv. Reporting of Hazards, Unsafe Conditions, etc.
v. Personal Health Monitoring / Medical Check Up
vi. Blood Donation Campaign
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.3.2 Explain the Procedures in Policy, Standard

and Safety Guideline Development
 OSHA offers the following guidelines for effective
management of worker safety and health protection:

i. Management Commitment and Employee

Involvement.
ii. Worksite Analysis
iii. Hazard Prevention and Control
iv. Safety and Health Training
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i. Management commitment and employee

involvement
 Management commitment provides the motivating
force and the resources for organizing & controlling
activities within an organization

 Employee involvement provides the means through which workers develop

and/or express their own commitment to safety and health protection, for
themselves and for their fellow workers.

 Recommended Actions
 Provide visible top management involvement
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 Encourage employee involvement in the program and in decisions that
affect their safety and health
 Assign and communicate responsibility for all aspects of the program

 State clearly a worksite safety and health policy

 Provide adequate authority and resources to responsible parties, as needed

 Hold managers, supervisors, and employees accountable for meeting their

responsibilities

 Review program operations at least annually, to evaluate, identify deficiencies,

and revise, as needed
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

ii. Worksite Analysis

 Worksite analysis involves a variety of worksite examinations, to identify not
only existing hazards, but also conditions and operations where changes
might occur.

 Effective management actively analyzes the work and the worksite to

anticipate and prevent harmful occurrences.

 Recommended Actions
So that all hazards are identified :
 Conduct comprehensive baseline and periodic surveys for safety and
health
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 Perform routine job hazard

 Provide for regular site safety and health inspections

 Provide a reliable system for employees, without fear of reprisal, to notify

management about apparent hazardous conditions and to receive timely and
appropriate responses

 Provide for investigation of accidents and "near miss" incidents, so that their causes
and means for prevention are identified

 Analyze injury and illness trends over time, so that patterns with common
causes can be identified and prevented.
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

iii. Hazard prevention and control

 Triggered by a determination that a hazard or
potential hazard exists

 Where feasible, prevent hazards by effective design of job or job

 Where elimination is not feasible, control hazards to prevent unsafe and

unhealthful exposure

 Elimination or control must be accomplished in a timely manner

 Recommended Actions:
 Establish procedures for timely correction or control of hazards
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 Provision of personal protective equipments

 Administrative controls

 Provide for facility and equipment maintenance

 Plan and prepare for emergencies

 Training and drills, as needed

 Establish a medical program

 First aid on site
 Physician and emergency care nearby
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

iv. Safety and health training

 Addresses the safety and health responsibilities of all personnel,
whether salaried or hourly

 Most effective when incorporated into other training about performance

requirements and job practices

 Complexity depends on size and complexity of worksite and nature of

hazards
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 Recommended Actions:
 Ensure that all employees understand the hazards to which they may be
exposed and how to prevent harm to themselves and others from exposure to
these hazards

 Ensure that supervisors carry out their safety and health responsibilities,
including:

 Analyzing the work under their supervision to identify unrecognized

potential hazards

 Maintaining physical protections in work

 Reinforcing employee training through continual performance feedback

and, if needed, enforcement of safe work practices
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

2.3.3 Develop Rules and Workplace Procedures

Covers 3 areas:
1. SAFETY RULES
2. WORKPLACE PEOCEDURE
3. RESPONSIBILITIES

1. SAFETY RULES
Explicit instructions aimed at eliminating or reducing the employee’s exposure
to foreseeable risks.
 Therefore safety rules are designed to control workplace hazards and
develop a uniform standard of behavior.
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2. WORKPLACE PROCEDURE
A step by step description of how some job function is to be done:
 It is most useful if written in clear language
and readily available to those who perform
that function

3. RESPONSIBILITIES
Employers are responsible for:
 Analysing injury and hazard reports to identify the need to develop and
or review health and safety rules.
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 Developing new or revised rules in consultation with relevant supervisory

personnel and employees.
 Reviewing on an annual basis all developed rules.
 Providing a copy of the developed or revised rules to the OH&S Coordinator.
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Topic 2: Occupational Safety and Health Management

THE END OF TOPIC 2