Common Animal Diseases

Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Direct contact;
Some asymptomatic; weight loss,
Cattle, Goats Tuberculosis N contaminated feed, Possibly
weakness, fever, coughing
water, milk, feces, mucus
Direct contact;
Cattle,
Abortion, less milk production, contaminated
Horses,
Brucellosis Y lower fertility, retained afterbirth, environment, urine, milk, Y
Swine, Sheep,
weak calves blood, semen, or birth
Goats
tissues and fluids
Change in temperament, abnormal
Bovine Spongiform Not fully known – prion
Cattle N posture, incoordination, loss of body No evidence
Encephalopathy (BSE) related
condition, death
Edema, congestion, hemorrhage,
inflammation, necrosis of infected
Cattle, Sheep Bluetongue Y Biting midges N
tissue; listless, lameness,
depression, abnormal wool growth
Sudden death, lameness, swollen Bacteria in the soil enter
Cattle Blackleg Y muscles, depression, fever, inability through the mouth or N
to stand open wounds
Contaminated
Y – through Diarrhea, sudden death, weight
Cattle Calf Enteritis (Scours) environment N
dam’s milk loss, state of shock
(barn/buckets)
Fever, anemia, weight loss,
Cattle Anaplasmosis Y breathlessness, jaundice, Tick bites Y
incoordination, abortion, death
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Most asymptomatic, less than 5%

develop lymphosarcoma – lymph
node enlargement, labored
Cattle Bovine Leukemia N breathing, bloat, increased heart Blood to blood N
rate, weight loss, lowered milk
production, brisket edema, fever,
loss of appetite, infertility
Infected saliva, urine,
Fever, excessive salivation,
excrement, and even
Cattle, Swine, Foot and Mouth lameness, blisters, loss of appetite,
Y breathing; contaminated N
Sheep, Goats Disease abortions, low milk production,
feed, water, and
possibly death
environment

Y – effective
Cattle, Sheep, Lameness, loss of appetite, fever, Bacteria and fungus in the
Foot Rot 60-80% of N
Goats depression, possibly death environment, broken skin
the time

Pinkish colored eye, clouded cornea,

Keratoconjunctivitis Insects, direct contact, Y – some
Cattle Y tears, may result in blindness,
(Pinkeye) dust strains
ocular discharge
Early embryonic death, infertility, Venereally under natural
abortion, irregular cycles, uterine breeding conditions,
Cattle Trichomoniasis N N
infection, discharge from infected semen when
reproductive tract AIing cows
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Cattle, N–
Blister-like lesions in the mouth, on
Horses, Swine experimental
Vesicular Stomatitis the nose, on hooves, and on teats; Insects (flies), direct
(occasionally vaccines, Y – but rare
(VS) lameness, loss of appetite, fever, contact
sheep and good
drooling
goats) biosecurity

Weight loss and diarrhea with

Cattle, Sheep,
Johne’s Disease N normal appetite, intermandibular In utero, infected milk Y
Goats
edema
Oral ingestion of
contaminated soil, inhale
Cattle, Sheep, Sudden death; blood oozing from contaminated dust, biting
Anthrax Y Y
Goats mouth, nose, and anus flies, tick bites, re-used
needles from infected
animal, direct contact

N – some
vaccines are
Cattle Cryptosporidiosis Diarrhea Infected feed and water Y
possible
candidates

Cattle,
Dermatophilosis (Rain Direct contact, biting
Horses, N Thick scabs, hair loss, sore skin Y – but rare
Rot) insects, wet conditions
Sheep, Goats
Bloody diarrhea in calves; Contaminated feed and
Cattle Escherichia coli N Y
asymptomatic in adult cattle water
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Cattle,
Horses, Abortion, weak offspring, may be Contaminated urine,
Leptospirosis Y Y
Swine, Sheep, asymptomatic, anemia, jaundice water, and soil
Goats
Circling, incoordination, inability to
Contaminated silage, soil,
Cattle, Sheep, chew and swallow, abortion, facial
Listeriosis N urine, feces, nasal Y
Goats paralysis, depression, excessive
discharge, and milk
salivation, disorientation

Stress – extreme
Fever, depression, drooping ears,
temperatures, moving
Bovine Respiratory nasal discharge, watery eyes, loss
cattle to feedlots, hunger,
Cattle Disease (Shipping Y of appetite, diarrhea, weight loss, N
fright, rough handling –
Fever) difficulty breathing, coughing,
allow bacteria to attack
possibly death
respiratory system

Pseudocowpox Small raised sores and scabs on Direct contact from cattle
Cattle N Y
(Milker’s Nodule) teats and udders and milking equipment
Contaminated
Cattle, Sheep, Y – but not in reproductive fluids and
Q Fever Abortion, lesions, anorexia Y
Goats America tissues, milk, urine, and
feces
Cattle,
Behavior changes, excessive Infected saliva, open
Horses,
Rabies Y vocalization, difficulty swallowing, wounds, mucous Y
Swine, Sheep,
drooling, paralysis, death membranes
Goats
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Cattle,
Horses,
Ringworm N Round, scaly patches of hairless skin Direct contact Y
Swine, Sheep,
Goats, Poultry

Contaminated feed,
Cattle Salmonellosis N Diarrhea, dehydration Y
water, and environment
Y – prior to
Cattle, Sheep, Enterotoxemia Type D high Lameness, bloody diarrhea, bloat,
High concentrate diet N
Goats (Overeating Disease) concentrate possibly death
diet
Fever, depression, behavior
Equine Encephalitis
changes, circling, muscle twitches,
(Eastern, EEE;
Horses Y impaired vision, inability to Infected mosquitoes Y
Western, WEE;
swallow, paralysis, convulsions,
Venezuelan, VEE)
death

EHV-1 and -4 nose to nose

contact, contaminated
Fever, difficulty urinating, nasal
equipment, respiratory
Equine Herpes Virus discharge, depression, head tilt,
Horses Y secretions; EHV-3 N
(EHV-1 -3 and -4) stumbling, weakness in hind limbs,
venereal transmission,
unable to stand
contaminated breeding
equipment
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Blood feeding flies, re-

Jaundice, rapid breathing, rapid used needles from
Equine Infectious
N – Coggins heart rate, swelling of limbs, infected horses, blood
Horses Anemia (EIA or N
Test bleeding from the nose, bloody transfusions,
Swamp Fever)
feces contaminated medical
equipment, in utero
Fever, depression, anorexia,
Respiratory secretions,
Equine Viral Arteritis limb/mammary/scrotum edema,
Horses Y natural and AI breeding, N
(EVA) hives, conjunctivitis, abortions,
semen
stillbirths, decreased fertility
Fever, incoordination, hind limb
weakness, depression, muscle
West Nile Virus tremors, inability to swallow,
Horses Y Infected mosquitoes Y
(WNV) excessive sweating, behavior
changes, inability to stand, head
pressing

Direct contact, respiratory

Fever, couching, dry hacking, secretions; indirect spread
Horses Equine Influenza Y depression, muscle weakness, nasal from infected clothing, N
discharge, loss of appetite equipment, water
buckets, brushes, etc.

Respiratory discharge;
indirect from water Y – reported
Nasal discharge, swollen throat
Horses Strangles (Distemper) Y buckets, tack, feed, but not
glands, pus drainage
clothing, equipment, and common
people
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Equine Protozoal
Incoordination, muscle weakness,
Horses Myeloencephalitis N Contaminated feed N
lameness
(EPM)
Contact with
Y – through
Horses Rotavirus A (for foals) Severe diarrhea, possible death contaminated objects, Y
dam’s milk
animals, or people
Pus drainage, deep sores, or Open wounds, broken
Pigeon Fever (Dryland
Cattle, Horses N abscesses along midline; swollen skin, mucous membranes, Y
Strangles)
chest flies
Weakness, loss of appetite, weight
Tick bites, re-used needles
loss, fever, anemia, jaundice,
from infected animals,
Cattle, Horses Piroplasmosis N swollen abdomen, reddish urine, N
contaminated medical
labored breathing, colic, sudden
equipment, in utero
death
Y – require Fever, huddling, constipation,
Mucous membranes, skin
USDA diarrhea, hemorrhages,
Swine Classical Swine Fever abrasions, contaminated N
approval to incoordination, weakness, abortion,
environment and feed
use stillbirths
Ataxia, anorexia, depression, death,
Contaminated
Swine Edema Disease Y N
abnormal squeals environment
Direct contact, infected
Diarrhea, excess mucus secretions,
Swine Dysentery sows can give it to piglets
Swine N sunken eyes, depression, erratic N
(Bloody Dysentery) in-utero, possibly infected
appetite, sudden death
mice
Arthritis, pneumonia, coughing,
Swine Mycoplasma Y Direct contact, coughing N
decreased growth
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Porcine Possibly –
Death, nasal discharge, fever, Direct contact, coughing,
Swine Pleuropneumonia still testing N
coughing, reduced growth rates in-utero
(formally HPP) vaccines

Abortions, stillbirths, incoordination, Direct contact with mouth

Cattle, Swine, N–
Pseudorabies (PRV) coughing, sneezing, fever, or nose, contaminated N
Sheep, Goats biosecurity
mummified piglets breeding equipment

Porcine Parvovirus Nasal discharge, from

Swine Y – sows Abortions, stillbirths, infertility N
(PPV) coughing or sneezing
High fever, decreased appetite,
weakness, death, blotchy lesions, Contaminated feed and
Swine African Swine Fever N N
diarrhea, abortion, nasal discharge, environment
coughing, difficulty breathing
Fever, coughing, loss of appetite, Close contact, coughing,
Influenza A Virus (IAV-
Swine Y sneezing, nasal discharge, difficulty sneezing, contaminated Y
S)
breathing objects
Actinobacillus Sudden death, labored breathing,
Direct contact, coughing,
Swine Pleuropneumonia Y fever, depression, reluctance to N
in-utero
(APP) move
Direct contact with
Porcine Epidemic
Swine N Diarrhea, dehydration, death infected swine, feed, N
Diarrhea Virus (PEDv)
equipment, or people
Y– Pale skin, dry mucous membranes,
Swine Anemia newborns, labored breathing, rapid breathing, Iron deficiency N
routinely uneven growth
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Y – prepared Brown debris on the skin of head

Exudative Epidermitis
Swine on a per farm and neck, dehydration, film of Direct contact N
(Greasy Pig Disease)
basis grease over the skin

Fever, panting, coughing,

Heamophilus Parasuis convulsions, tremors, sudden death,
Swine Y Direct contact, air droplets N
(Glasser’s Disease) incoordination, swollen joints,
depression
Y – only if
Porcine Reproductive
Abortion, stillbirths, mummified direct
Swine and Respiratory Y Close contact
fetuses, poor conception rates contact with
Syndrome (PRRS)
blood

Nasal discharge, seizures, swollen Picked up during

Swine Streptococcus Suis Y Y
joints and limbs, breathing difficulty farrowing

Enterotoxemia Type C
Sheep, Goats
(Bloody Scours)
Sheep, Goats Tetanus (Lockjaw)
Soremouth
Sheep, Goats
(Contagious Ecthyma)
Contaminated
Ulcers in small intestine, bloody
Y environment N
diarrhea, possibly death
(barn/buckets)
Bacteria enters through
Y Rigid, muscle spasms, death Y
broken skin
Scabs/blisters on lips, nose, udders, Virus enters through
teats, and the junction of the hoof broken skin; direct
Y and skin; loss of body condition, contact; contaminated Y
decreased growth rates, death, feed, equipment, and
mastitis bedding;
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Poor ventilation, dust,

Fever, painful cough, difficulty
Sheep, Goats Pneumonia N environment that irritates Y
breathing, depression
the lungs
Abscesses in the lymph nodes and
Bacteria enter through Y–
internal organs, weight loss,
Caseous Y– abscess, direct contact, potentially
Sheep, Goats decreased wool growth, lowered
Lymphadenitis (CL) controversial contaminated equipment through raw
milk production, reproductive
and environment milk
problems, possible death, fever
Incoordination, weakness, tremors,
Sheep, Goats Polioencephalomacia N blindness, depression, sudden Thiamine deficiency N
death, muscle seizures

Caprine Arthritis and

Goats N Swollen joints, pneumonia Contaminated milk N
Encephalitis (CAE)

N – from
eating
products
Sudden death, sneezing, gasping for
Contaminated feces, egg
Virulent Newcastle air, nasal discharge, coughing,
Poultry Y crates, farm equipment,
Disease (vND) diarrhea, decrease activity, swelling Y – very rare
clothing, shoes, hands
around the eyes and neck from working
with infected
birds
 Common Animal Diseases
Animal Disease Vaccine? Symptoms How they contract it Zoonotic?

Y – not for
Sudden death, lack of appetite,
preventing
decreased egg production, nasal
infection in
discharge, coughing, sneezing,
birds but
Poultry Avian Influenza (AI) incoordination, diarrhea; purple Direct contact Y
reducing the
discoloration of legs, combs, and
risk of
wattles; swelling of head, comb,
passing it to
eyelids, wattles, and hocks
humans
Tumors, paralysis, pupil color Contaminated dust, litter,
Poultry Marek’s Disease Y N
change, irregular pupils and soil
Egg shell abnormalities, reduced Damaged respiratory tract
Poultry Infectious Bronchitis Y N
growth from dust
Lesions in the mouth and trachea, Contact between lesions
Poultry Fowl Pox Y N
death from suffocation and open wounds
Contaminated feces,
Sudden death, loss of appetite,
Poultry Fowl Cholera Y water, soil, and N
weight loss, lameness, lesions
equipment
N – but
penicillin in
Necrotic Enteritis (Rot Depression, death, reduced growth,
Poultry feed may Oral contact N
Gut) lesions
help prevent
it
Infected hen to egg, chick
Listlessness, diarrhea, loss of
Poultry Fowl Typhoid N to chick, infected houses N
appetite, anemic appearance
and incubators
Poultry – Tumors, paralysis, pupil color Contaminated feces or
Lymphoid Leukosis Y N
Chickens Only change, irregular pupils vaccines