Question 1

Transitional words (moreover, clearly, etc.): (which is used to show the reader how sentences or
clauses relate to one another.)

Pronouns (she): (This was used to refer back to the author, who was mentioned at the start of the
paragraph.)

Hyponymy (CEO: Business leaders): (Hyponymy adds variety to written and spoken texts and
aids in efficient word memorization.)

Repetition of a Key Term or Phrase (Cultural articles): (This helps the reader stay on track by
focusing on the ideas.)

Synonyms: (business: firm): (Synonyms provide some variety in word choices, allowing the
reader to stay focused on the topic at hand.)

Question 2

Secondary research, also referred to as desk research, is a type of research that makes use of
previously gathered data. Existing data is summarized and collected to increase the overall
effectiveness of research (Coughlan, Cronin & Ryan, 2017). Secondary research is defined as
information contained in research reports and other documents. These documents can be made
available through public libraries, websites, and data from previously conducted surveys, among
other sources.

Secondary research is significantly less expensive than primary research because it makes use of
previously collected data, whereas primary research requires organizations or businesses to
collect data themselves or hire a third party to do so. Secondary research is relatively
inexpensive, which is why many businesses and organizations prefer it. Not every business can
afford to invest heavily in research and data collection (Coughlan et al., 2017).

The internet is one of the most frequently used methods for secondary data collection. Data is
easily accessible and can be downloaded with a single mouse click via the internet. This data is
either completely free or available for a small fee. Websites contain a wealth of information that
businesses and organizations can use to conduct research. However, organizations should only
get data from websites that are real and trustworthy (Kothari, 2019).
Kothari, (2019), adds that public libraries are another excellent source of information for this
study. Public libraries contain significant archival research from the past. They act as a
repository for critical data and documents that can be mined for information. These public
libraries offer a variety of services that vary by location. Frequently, library collections include a
substantial number of government publications containing market statistics as well as a
substantial number of business directories and newsletters.

Additionally, secondary data is not tailored to the researcher's needs because it was originally
collected for a different purpose. As a result, it may be unreliable for meeting the researchers'
immediate needs. Although secondary data sources can be a goldmine of information, quantity
does not always imply suitability, and it may be of dubious quality (Kothari, 2019).

Question 3

From foreign national and comparative research to more research on international interaction, the
types of international OB/HRM articles published have shifted. In addition, the importance of
culture in international OB/HRM research has been recognized. Lastly, while international
OB/HRM publication has remained stable for two decades, academic and professional discourse
are outpacing the other two communities in publishing international, interaction, and cultural
OB/HRM articles. The changing nature of global competition and the evolution of the
transnational firm may explain the three trends. While this explanation is introduced under the
first trend, it underpins all three. To begin, publications focusing on cross-cultural interaction
have replaced articles on single-country foreign nationals.

The results of the survey suggest that both the academic and professional communities recognize
the need for more cross-cultural research. With the exception of a few exceptions, within-culture
management patterns, whether documented in a single country or compared across countries, do
not seem to accurately predict manager behavior when interacting with foreign colleagues (Adler
& Graham, 1989). This survey also revealed that academics and professionals recognize the
importance of culture in understanding international organizational behavior and human resource
management. The second trend highlights managers' and researchers' recognition of the
importance of culture in understanding and managing global firm human dynamics. While
cultural influence, adaptation, and compromise are still necessary, they are no longer sufficient.
The third major trend shows that the academic/professional community of discourse is leading in
publishing international OB/HRM articles. It appears that dialogue between academic and
professional communities can overcome some of the fundamental barriers to individual
contribution. Each community contributes to a larger body of rigorous and relevant knowledge
about international OB/HRM in general and international interaction in particular. This third
trend is critical in identifying, creating, and encouraging future knowledge sources within the
field.

Question 4

When both genders have not received business ethics education, females are more likely to act
ethically than males, according to Wang & Calvano (2015), which is consistent with previous
research on gender-based ethics differences. Wang & Calvano (2015) also adds that male
students, on the other hand, are more likely to act ethically in a business ethical dilemma if they
are currently enrolled in a business ethics course than if they have not.

Wang & Calvano (2015) assert that when both genders have not received business ethics
education, females are more likely to act ethically than males, which is consistent with previous
research on gender-based ethics differences. Male students, on the other hand, are more likely to
act ethically in a business ethical dilemma if they are currently enrolled in a business ethics
course than if they have not.

When neither gender has received business ethics education, females are more likely to act
ethically than males, which is consistent with previous research on gender-based ethics
differences. If they are enrolled in a business ethics course, male students are more likely than
female students to act ethically in a business ethical dilemma (Wang & Calvano (2015).

Question 5

The abstract of the article summarizes the following major points in the following order:

1) The overall purpose of the article

2) The methodology of the study;

3) Significant findings or trends discovered as a result of the analysis, as well as a brief summary
of the interpretations and conclusions

Question 6

When both genders have not received business ethics education, females are more likely to act
ethically than males, according to Wang & Calvano (2015), which is consistent with previous
research on gender-based ethics differences. Wang & Calvano (2015) also adds that male
students, on the other hand, are more likely to act ethically in a business ethical dilemma if they
are currently enrolled in a business ethics course than if they have not.

Wang & Calvano (2015) assert that when both genders have not received business ethics
education, females are more likely to act ethically than males, which is consistent with previous
research on gender-based ethics differences. Male students, on the other hand, are more likely to
act ethically in a business ethical dilemma if they are currently enrolled in a business ethics
course than if they have not.

When neither gender has received business ethics education, females are more likely to act
ethically than males, which is consistent with previous research on gender-based ethics
differences. If they are enrolled in a business ethics course, male students are more likely than
female students to act ethically in a business ethical dilemma (Wang & Calvano, 2015).
References

Adler, Nancy J. & John L. Graham. (1989). Cross-cultural interaction: The international
comparison fallacy. Journal of International Business Studies, 20(3): 515-37.

Coughlan M., Cronin P. and Ryan F. (2017). Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 1:
quantitative research. British journal of Nursing 16 (11).

Kothari C., R. (2019). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Delhi. New Age
International (P) Limited, Publishers.

Wang L. C. & Calvano L. (2015). Is Business Ethics Education Effective? An Analysis of

Gender, Personal Ethical Perspectives and Moral Judgment. Journal of Business Ethics, 126 (1):
598 -599.