Reserch Proposal Raneesha

Master of Business Adminstration
Assignment title Research Skills for Managers
Name Raneesha Liyanage
Student ID MBAGN0821280
Programme MBA General
Lecturer Name
Student Signature
Date of Submission
Lecturer Signature
Marks
Final Grading
lunes, 27 de junio de 2011

Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia - Tlf: (+34) 968 27 88 00 info@ucam.edu - www.ucam.edu
Confidential - Dialog
Asignatura
Factors Effecting Woman Entrepreneurship in Srilanka
RANEESHA LIYANAGE
MBAGN0821280
2
Nombre del profesor - Tlf: (+34) 968 27 88 00 - profesor@ucam.edu
Asignatura
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................4
1.1 WOMEN ROLE IN SRILANKA......................................................................................................4
1.2 WOMEN ENTERPRENUSHIP........................................................................................................5
1.3 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE..........................................................................................................6
1.4 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES...........................................................................................7
1.5 RESEARCH PROBLEM AND QUESTION...................................................................................7
1.6 LITRETURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................................8
1.6.1 Methodology...................................................................................................................................................11
3
Asignatura
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 WOMEN ROLE IN SRILANKA

Women's traditional social roles include being the lady of the house, caring for the family, and being
concerned about their children's happiness. As a result of differences in the roles that women play in
these households. This fact is highly variable, ranging from the extremely traditional gender role
stereotype of women as homemakers to the modern notion of women as primary breadwinners for
the family. Whereas girls in rural Srilanka do not have the same access to education as boys, urban
India presents a different picture, with nearly equal opportunities. Furthermore, the findings of this
study may aid in identifying ancient women's economic contributions and how they actively
participated in the economic development of the family and Sri Lankan society.
Most societies recognized that women's social and economic activities were natural responsibilities,
and thus their contribution to national output was never highlighted. When scholarly attention was
focused on women in order to examine them from a different perspective, the contributions of their
social work, politics, and economic activities were widely considered and discussed. Although
universal franchise was introduced almost six decades ago in 1931 and Sri Lanka had the world’s
first woman Prime Minister in 1960, and has currently a woman Executive Presidentand a woman
Prime Minister, the number of women in Parliament and in local councils is abysmally low..
Boserup's work demonstrated unequivocally that she recognized that women had long been actively
participating in the actual development (Jaquette, 2001)Furthermore, There have been few female
Cabinet Ministers, and the percentage of Ministers and Deputy Ministers was only 16% in the 1994
Parliament. Political parties do not appear to be sensitive to gender issues or the need to nominate
more female candidates, and women's units in political parties tend to play a supporting role in
accordance with the norm of male leadership.
Women in Sri Lanka have a better status than women in many other developing countries, but they
have yet to achieve gender equality or empowerment in accordance with the provisions of the UN
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and some
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (; bank, Country Gender Assessment). Women continue to
face widespread inequality and gender discrimination in the workplace.Since the 1970s, their
unemployment rate has been double that of men, and the quality of employment available to women
has deteriorated. The traditional gender social roles are consistent with stereotypes of men and
women. Since the mid-20th century an increasing number of women can be observed in the labor
market. Moreover, women have entered into male-dominated roles, e.g., leadership roles, including
in politics. Since 1965, the proportion of women who have majored in business, medicine and law
has risen significantly (Astin et, 2002). While historians have always included ideas about men's and
4
Asignatura
women's roles in their studies, explicit concern with methodologies to'see' gender in archaeological
sites pushed forward a more explicit archaeology of gender beginning in the 1980s. The MCDWE
and othergender equality institutions are marginalized, Their influence and accountability in national
policy formulation and law reform continue to drop.For example, the ministry and the committee
have yet to present the Women's Rights Bill that they prepared to Parliament. When looking into
how women's labor was valued in different fields, there is some evidence that they were paid for
some of their work, but not all of their services were paid. The Mihintal pillar inscription of King
Mahinda IV is very important when we analyze the records to check the contribution of workers by
Sri Lankan women.It mentions that women in this country were paid and given allowances for
providing labor for their jobs (Wickramasinghe, 1912). As a result, during the late middle ages,
women, like men, worked in various industries and other social services and managed to accumulate
wealth.
For Sri Lankan women, migrant labor has become a family survival strategy. Migrant labor is not
strictly regulated by the government.Since the 1980s, however, Sri Lanka has implemented legal
reforms and administrative policies to support these workers and prevent the abuse by employment
agencies. Local domestic service is largely unregulated as well.The Ministry of Labour's proposals to
regulate domestic work through social security laws have yet to be applied.
1.2 WOMEN ENTERPRENUSHIP
Female entrepreneurs are the fastest growing type of entrepreneur in the world, drawing the attention
of many academics in recent years. According to research on female entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship
is a gender specific phenomenon, and entrepreneurial activities can be rooted in families.( (Jennings
and Brush , 2013) According to emerging literature, women can play an important role in the larger
entrepreneurship phenomenon and economic growth. (arfaraz et al., , 2014) As a result, there is an
urgent need to explore various aspects of female entrepreneurship. However, the proportion of
women who choose to pursue an entrepreneurial career is lower than that of men. (Elam et al., 2019)
and this gap grows as the country's level of development rises.
According to researchers, an entrepreneur is someone who innovates. (Schumpeter, 1954) as one

who allocates and manages production factors and bears risk. ((Marshall as cited , 1984). as an
individual motivated by a strong desire for success, favouring to work on moderately difficult tasks,
exerting his/her own efforts to achieve results and accepting personal responsibility for the outcomes,
and requiring more performance feedback (McCleland,, 1961) For the purposes of this study, an
entrepreneur will be defined as a person who creates or develops a business through perseverance
and the ability to be innovative.
5
Asignatura
Women entrepreneurs run more than 1/3rd of all entrepreneurial ventures globally. Women
entrepreneurs were previously limited to traditional areas such as food, fruits, vegetables, pickles,
papads, tailoring, hosiery, and so on. However, many female entrepreneurs have ventured into new
fields such as engineering, beauty salons, jewelry, handicrafts, electrical, electronics, chemical, and
other manufacturing. This shows that entrepreneurial base of women expanded from traditional 3Ps –
pickle, powder and papad to modem 3ES – Engineering, Electrical and Electronics.
A study was conducted by the, ( Harvard Business Review ) about leadership skills of woman
showed that women outperform men in 17 of the 19 leadership tests.
It was discovered that women are much more motivated to achieve results, have exceptional honesty,
and excel at taking the initiative.These skills are required to run a successful business. It's
disheartening to see, but with a little encouragement and determination, women can increase their
chances of having a successful business career. The evolution of female entrepreneurship has
changed over time, as has women's position in society.The number of female entrepreneurs and their
contributions to society are critical, and this trend will continue (Ramadani,, 015) However, it is
critical to understand the role of gender in society, particularly the contribution of women to
entrepreneurial activities. According to the literature discussed above with regard to successful male
and female entrepreneurs from around the world in general and from Sri Lanka in particular, the
researcher identified major contributory factors of success in order to develop the conceptual
framework. Literature on other factors related to entrepreneurship but not specifically linked to
success, such as culture and religion, was also identified as factors that could influence successful
entrepreneurship.
1.3 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE

The significance of research is defined as the worthiness or importance of the study performed.
According to Draven Cueva (2018), the significance of the research is included in the introduction.It
explains the significance of the study, as well as who will benefit from it and how that audience will
benefit from it.
Entrepreneurship has been defined in various ways based on and in response to the changing ethos
of socioeconomic reality.Government and other agencies are now placing a greater emphasis on
women entrepreneurs as part of policy. Women account for half of the world's population and two-
thirds of total working hours.They received about 10% of the world's income and own less than 1%
of the world's assets.In this context, women entrepreneurs require special attention because they face
significant challenges and are part of the country's most disadvantaged group ( Vinze, 1987.) Female
entrepreneurs are the fastest growing type of entrepreneur in the world, attracting the attention of
many academics in recent years.
6
Asignatura
The purpose of this study is to investigate The impact of society and societal change on female
entrepreneurship. By doing so, The goal is to gain a better understanding of the conditions for female
entrepreneurs and their perceptions of their current situation. Furthermore, this research will focus on
female entrepreneurs who have either started their own startup business or are currently leading and
owning a business. The study's findings should expose personal insights, experiences, and
knowledge about the development of female entrepreneurship in srilanka.The study hopes to gather
as many specific insights as possible from female entrepreneurs in order to analyze why and how
society has influenced the way of female entrepreneurship.
1.4 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES

research project's primary focus is typically expressed in terms of aims and objectives. The goal of
the research is the overall goal of the research.It could be to add to existing knowledge in the area, to
fill a knowledge gap, to devise and test a solution to an existing problem, and so on.The specific
outcomes you expect to achieve through your research that will allow you to meet the goal of your
research are known as objectives.While the research has a single goal, there may be multiple
objectives.Also, and most importantly, the objectives should be attainable; that is, you should be able
to advance the field's understanding regardless of your results.
Research Aim
To identify and to analyze the factors that contribute to the success of women entrepreneurs
Reserch Objective
 Explore the factors that contribute to the success of women entrepreneurs

 To evaluate the current situation in Sri Lanka of women entrepreneurship.
 To identify the challenges faced by women
 Examine the current and future opportunities for women to enter the workforce.
1.5 RESEARCH PROBLEM AND QUESTION

The identification of a problem to study can be difficult, not because there aren't any issues that
could be investigated, but because of the difficulty in formulating an academically relevant and
researchable problem that is unique and does not simply duplicate the work of others. Consider the
following sources of inspiration to help you choose a problem from which to build a research study:
1.The role of female entrepreneurs in a changing society?
2. What are the primary challenges that women face?
7
Asignatura
3. What are the three most important habits to be a successful entrepreneur?
4. How did you learn to communicate about your business?
8
Asignatura
2 LITRETURE REVIEW
A literature review is a detailed summary of previous research on a specific topic. There are two
types of literature reviews: experimental and theoretical. An experimental literature review entails
surveying all available information on a specific topic and critically analyzing the gaps that need to
be filled. The literature review acknowledges previous researchers' work, assuring the reader that
your work is well-conceived. By mentioning a previous work in the field of study, it is assumed that
the author has read, evaluated, and assimilated that work into the work at hand. A literature review
provides the reader with a "landscape," allowing him or her to truly understand the developments in
the field. This landscape informs the reader that the author has indeed assimilated all (or the vast
majority of) previous, significant works in the field into our research. there were approximately
700,000 women-owned businesses in the United States generating $41.5 milli on in revenues
(U.S.Bureau of the Census, 1977). acording to the Bureau of Census, in 1972 only 4.6% of all US
businesses were women -owned. However, those numbers soon began to increase. A Bureau of
Labor report showed that the number of self -employed women increased from 1.5 million in 1972 to
2.1 million in 1979 and climbed to 3.5 million in 1984. (Hisrich & Brush, 1986). Sri Lanka is a
country located in the southeast of India with a population of over 20 million people and is a
developing country Sri Lanka's population remains largely rural, with only 15% (15%) of the
population living in urban areas (Central Bank SL 2017)."The development of female
entrepreneurship is a complex, long-term, and comprehensive process whose goal is to increase the
tendency, intention, and taking action for performing entrepreneurial activities." In this context,
"tendency" means "a positive attitude toward entrepreneurship and business" (Kinnear,
2011).According to (Zali and Razavi, 2018) , female entrepreneurial intention refers to the
percentage of mature women in society who plan to start or support a business in the next 12 months.
This study identifies the reasons and influencing factors that lead to women entering the business
world. Mr Singh, Surinder Pal (2008),mentioned The main barriers to the growth of women
entrepreneurship are a lack of connection with successful entrepreneurs, social refusal as women
entrepreneurs, family responsibility, gender discrimination, a lack of a network, and bankers' low
priority in providing loans to women entrepreneurs. He proposed corrective measures such as
promoting micro - enterprises, unlocking legal arrangements, projecting and pulling to grow and
support the winners, and so on. Dr. Rajini (2013) expresses that, Female business is rapidly
spreading all over the world.Following the utilization of females with hidden entrepreneurial
potential, the role and status of women in society will gradually change. Sara Isran, Dr Samina Isran
(2013) mention that, Microfinance, or microcredit, benefits women in all aspects, but it has a larger
effect when women have independent access to microcredit.
Women entrepreneurs are constantly hampered by insufficient and inappropriate financial

resources.Because women have very little property and bank balance in their names, they are unable
to obtain finance from external sources such as formal financial institutions due to low
creditworthiness and a lack of accurate colateral. According to Robert's research in non-OECD and
9
Asignatura
developing economies, 59% of respondents cited financial problems as a critical issue, with 41
percent having difficulty obtaining a loan. Sandhu, (2012) stated when female owners provide
collateral and have given a letter of guarantee from blood relation or husband or a village head for
setting up enterprises, that bank official makes a final decision on a loan application of women
entrepreneurs. His financial exclusion is the result of both voluntary and involuntary factors.Women
entrepreneurs have voluntarily excluded themselves from banking services due to illiteracy as well as
the complex and time-consuming procedures of bank loans. On the other hand, involuntary exclusion
from financial services occurs because banks are reluctant to provide loan facilities due to high
interest rates, a lack of credit worthiness, a lack of past credit history, a lack of credit bearing
capacity, and an unhealthy relationship with banks when applying for bank credit.
The findings shed light on how the COVID-19 crisis impacted women entrepreneurs, with a focus on
household income, business sales, lifestyle, and mental health.The failure of women-led businesses
demonstrated the importance of rethinking creativity and digitalization for business survival.
Furthermore, the findings revealed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's physical,
mental, and economic well-being emphasizes the importance of taking gender gaps into account
when developing COVID-19 response policies in developing countries. The primary goal of this
study was to determine the extent to which Moroccan women entrepreneurs' family responsibilities
affected their ability to manage their businesses in difficult times following the Covid 19 pandemic.
To do this Nadia Laaraj, interviewed a sample of thirty women entrepreneurs running VSEs-
SMEsThese women demonstrate that, as a result of the crisis, women have finally chosen, and in
some cases, been forced, to return to their traditional roles of caring for the home and children,
especially during periods of lockdown, lowering their performance and efficiency in saving their
businesses from the crisis.
In comparison to developing countries, developed countries such as the United Kingdom have begun
to recognize the importance and contribution of women-owned businesses to the national
economy.As a result, they have taken numerous initiatives to encourage and increase the number of
women who work for themselves(Minniti, Langowitz, & Arenius, 2005). Manisha Desai (2010)
highlights, Several government best practices include quotas, cash transfer programs, gender
budgeting, and open-source microenterprises.Okafor and Amula (2010) discovered that motivating
women entrepreneurs and studying the problems they face are both important. They also highlight
positive applied recommendations for policymakers, both government and women business owners.
Jamali (2009) define that In less developed countries, a single person's earnings are insufficient to
support an entire family, so women decide to engage in commercial activities to supplement their
income.
In Sri Lanka, poor women, particularly those who are household heads or are elderly, face enormous
hardships and must struggle to ensure the economic survival of their families. Macro and micro
studies show that their quality of life and employment conditions have deteriorated over the last two
decades, owing to factors such as rising living costs, which have pushed women into low-skilled,
cheap jobs.Indeed, the government acknowledged in the NPAW that” Women have faced continuing
10
Asignatura
unequal access to economic policies followed by the governments over the last two decades with an
increase in the number of women in poverty
with little state support for them to withstand the adverse impact of such development policies”
(NPAW, p. 59) Women who need to support themselves and their families as a result of their
spouses' death, physical incapacity, or unemployment, divorce, or separation, or who are unmarried
mothers or single women who are not parents but bear the primary burden of supporting their
families, are part of the "feminization of poverty" process if they lack sufficient resources to cope
with changes or economic constraints. These women are also disadvantaged by lower education,
limited or no access to land, and wage disparities between men and women in the workplace. A study
(CENWOR 1991) of a sample of female-headed households in poor neighborhoods found that nearly
three fourths plunged into further economic deprivation after an event that changed their lives. They
were forced to seek work outside the home in the informal sector to support their children, and they
saw no way out of poverty.Women in low-income families bear an increasing burden of supporting
their families.
Women's entrepreneurship has been studied as a form of women's economic rights and opportunities
since the last quarter of the twentieth century. The emergence of women's entrepreneurship research
during that time period was a response to the observations of the“quiet revolution on the global
scale” ( (Parker, 2010) Andriuta & Karta?ova, 2013 stated, Many studies of foreign and local authors
of various subjects, including practitioners of government agencies and international organizations,
have focused on opportunities for women in entrepreneurship activity and female entrepreneurship.
Initial entrepreneurship research suggested that male and female entrepreneurs were generally the
same, and that there was little need for a separate study. While recent research emphasizes the
importance of women's entrepreneurship and its growth opportunities.Many scientific works, in
particular, have been devoted to women's business and women's experiences, where there has been
an increase in interest in this topic and a significant increase in research on women's
entrepreneurship( (Jennings & Brush, 2013)
3 Methodology
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is defined as an activity that involves learning new things in a more or less systematic
manner (Walliman, N. S. , Walliman N., 2011). Methodology is the philosophical framework within
which research is carried out or the foundation upon which research is built (Brown, 2006). A
research methodology chapter describes research methods, approaches, and designs in detail,
highlighting those used throughout the study, and justifying my choice by describing the advantages
and disadvantages of each approach and design while considering their practical applicability to our
11
Asignatura
research. This chapter will show how researchers should conduct their research. It demonstrates how
these researchers formulate their problem and objectives, as well as present the results of the data
collected during the study period. The research design and methodology demonstrate how the
research outcome will be obtained in accordance with the objectives.
1.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

A conceptual framework depicts what you expect to discover during your research. It defines the
variables for your study and shows how they may be related to one another. Before stating to collect
the data, the researcher should create a conceptual framework. It is frequently represented visual
format (Swaen, 2015). A conceptual framework is a versatile analytical tool. It can be applied to
various types of work where an overall picture is required. It is used to distinguish concepts and
organize ideas. In general, the conceptual framework is developed based on a review of existing
studies and theories on the topic.
Conceptual framework helps to understand the impact of the dependent variables and the
independent variables of this research. The independent variable if the research is “WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP”. The dependent variables are Gender equality, Family Support, Financial
Support and Covid -19 Pandemic. The research will be conducted to identify if there is an impact in
the dependent variables; Gender equality, Family Support, Financial Support and Covid -19
Pandemic for a women to become an entrepreneurs.
Gender Equality
Family Support
Women
Entrepreneurship
Financial Support
Covid-19 Pandemic
1.3 RESEARCH APPROACH
1.3.1 Target Population

A survey's target population is the entire set of units for which survey data will be used to make
inferences. As a result, the target population defines the units to which the survey's findings are
intended to generalize (Lavrakas, 2008). The target population of this research, are the women
entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka and women who like to become entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka.
12
Asignatura
1.3.2 Sample frame

A sampling frame is a list of all the population items. It's an exhaustive list of everyone or everything
we want to research. The distinction between a population and a sampling frame is that the
population is broad; whereas the frame is narrow (Stephanie, 2014).
1.3.3 Sample size

The number of people included in a research study to represent a population is referred to as the
sample size. Simply the sample size refers to the total number of respondents included in a study, and
the number is frequently broken down by demographics such as age, gender, and location so that the
total sample represents the entire population (Kibuacha, 2021).
1.3.4 Sampling techniques

A sampling technique is the name or other identification of the specific process used to select the
entities of the sample (Methodological information, 2001). The sampling technique that is best for
you is determined by the nature and goals of your project. There are two types of sampling
techniques: random sampling and non-random sampling.
1.3.5 Data collection methods
 Collecting data by distributing questinairs to women entrepreneurs and women who like
to become entrepreneurs.
 In depth interview with women entrepreneurs and women who like to become
entrepreneurs.
 Interview with successful business women in Sri Lanka.
1.3.6 Data Analysis Tools

SPSS statistical software and Microsoft Excel will be used to analyse the gathered data.
1.3.7 Data presentation tools

The analysed data will be presented using pie charts and bar charts.
1.4 RESEARCH LIMITAIONS
 The data will be analyzed and interpreted only with relevance to the Sri Lankan culture.
13
Asignatura
This is a qualitative research the final outcome depend on the ideas that the sample
population share.
 The accuracy of the research depends on the data shared by the women entrepreneurs and
females willing to become entrepreneurs.
 The target population should be willing to share the real case situations where most of the
people will be reluctant to do so as it will impact on their privacy.
TIME FRAME
14
Asignatura
4 References
Harvard Business Review . (s.f.).
(Marshall as cited . (1984).
(2014). arfaraz et al., .
Astin et, a. (2002).
bank, a. d. (s.f.).
bank, a. d. (s.f.). Country Gender Assessment.
(2019). Elam et al.
Jaquette. (2001).
Jennings & Brush. (2013).
(2013). Jennings and Brush .
McCleland,. (1961).
NPAW. (s.f.). 1995. page59.
Parker. (2010).
Ramadani,. (015).
Review, H. B. (s.f.).
Schumpeter. (1954).
Singh, S. P. (2008). Singh, Surinder Pal.
Wickramasinghe. (1912).
Zali and Razavi. (2018).
15
Asignatura
16
Asignatura
17
Asignatura
18
Asignatura
19
Asignatura
20
Asignatura
21
Asignatura
22

Reserch Proposal Raneesha

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Reserch Proposal Raneesha

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Master of Business Adminstration

Assignment title Research Skills for Managers

Name Raneesha Liyanage

Programme MBA General

lunes, 27 de junio de 2011

Factors Effecting Woman Entrepreneurship in Srilanka

1.1 WOMEN ROLE IN SRILANKA

1.2 WOMEN ENTERPRENUSHIP

According to researchers, an entrepreneur is someone who innovates. (Schumpeter, 1954) as one

1.3 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE

1.4 RESEARCH AIM AND OBJECTIVES

 Explore the factors that contribute to the success of women entrepreneurs

1.5 RESEARCH PROBLEM AND QUESTION

1.The role of female entrepreneurs in a changing society?

2. What are the primary challenges that women face?

3. What are the three most important habits to be a successful entrepreneur?

4. How did you learn to communicate about your business?

Women entrepreneurs are constantly hampered by insufficient and inappropriate financial

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

1.3 RESEARCH APPROACH

1.3.1 Target Population

1.3.2 Sample frame

1.3.3 Sample size

1.3.4 Sampling techniques

1.3.5 Data collection methods

1.3.6 Data Analysis Tools

1.3.7 Data presentation tools

1.4 RESEARCH LIMITAIONS

Harvard Business Review . (s.f.).

(Marshall as cited . (1984).

(2014). arfaraz et al., .

Astin et, a. (2002).

bank, a. d. (s.f.). Country Gender Assessment.

(2019). Elam et al.

Jennings & Brush. (2013).

(2013). Jennings and Brush .

NPAW. (s.f.). 1995. page59.

Singh, S. P. (2008). Singh, Surinder Pal.

Zali and Razavi. (2018).

You might also like