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JAI SAI RAM GURU JI ‘MERE PRABHU RAM’

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LALTESH VASHISTHA: 9990470395

ASSIGNMENT OF POLYNOMIAL

KEY POINTS
1. Polynomial : If x is a variable, n is a natural number and a0, a1, a2, a3, ………. an
are real numbers, then p(x) = an xn + an–1 xn–1 + ......... + a1 x + a0, (an  0) is called a polynomial in x.
2. Polynomials of degree 1, 2 and 3 are called linear, quadratic and cubic polynomials respectively.
3. A quadratic polynomial is an algebraic expression of the form ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, c are real
numbers with a 0.
4. Zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are precisely the x – coordinates of the points where the graph ofy = p(x)
intersects thex–axis, i.e., x = a is a zero of polynomial p(x) if p(a) = 0
5. A polynomial can have at most the same number of zeroes as the degree of the polynomial.
6. (i) If one zero of a quadratic polynomial p(x) is negative of the other, then coefficient of x = 0
(ii) If zeroes of a quadratic polynomial p(x) are reciprocal of each other, then co-efficient of x2 =
constant term.
7. Relationship between zeroes and coefficients of a polynomial If  And  Are zeroes of
p(x) ax2 + bx + c (a 0), them
−𝐛
Sum of zeroes = +  = 𝐚
𝐜
Product of zeroes =  = 𝐚

8. If   are zeroes of a quadratic polynomial p(x), then

p(x) = k [x2 – (sum of zeroes) x + product of zeroes]
p(x) = k [x2 – ( + )x + ]; where k is any non-zero real number.
9. Graph of linear polynomial p(x) = ax + b is a straight line.
10. Division Algorithm states that given any polynomials p(x) and g(x), there exist polynomial q(x) and
r(x) such that:
p(x) = g(x). q(x) + r(x) ; g(x) 0,
[where either r(x) = 0 or degree r(x) < degree g(x)]

11. If α β and 𝜸 are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0, then

−𝒃 𝒄 −𝒅
α +β+ 𝜸 = , αβ + β 𝜸 + α 𝜸 = - 𝒂 α β. 𝜸 =
𝒂 𝒂

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FIND NUMBER OF ZEROES THROUGH GRAPH

Find number of zeroes from following graph;

(ans. (i) 1 (ii)2 (iii) 3 (iv)1 (v) 1 (vi) 4

1. Factorize the quadratic polynomials:

(i) x2 + 5x + 6 (ii) x2 + 10x + 24 (iii) x2 + 12x + 27 (iv) x2 + 15x + 56 (v) x2 + 19x + 60 (vi) x2 + 13x + 40

(vii) x2 - 10x + 24 (viii) x2 - 23x + 42 (ix) x2 - 17x + 16 (x) x2 - 21x + 90

2. Factorize the expressions completely:

(i) x2 - 22x + 117 (ii) x2 - 9x + 20 (iii) x2 + x – 132 (iv) x2 + 5x – 104 (v) y2 + 7y – 144 (vi) z2 + 19z – 150

(vii) y2 + y – 72 (viii) x2 + 6x – 91 (ix) x2 - 4x -77 (x) x2 - 6x – 135

3. Factor by splitting middle term:

(i) x2 - 11x – 42 (ii) x2 - 12x – 45 (iii) x2 - 7x – 30 (iv) x2 - 5x – 24 (v) 3x2 + 10x + 8 (vi) 3x2 + 14x + 8

(vii) 2x2 + x – 45 (viii) 6x2 + 11x – 10 (ix) 3x2 - 10x + 8 (x) 2x2 - 17x – 30 (x) 84 – 2r – 2r2

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(xi) 𝑥2 + 3√3𝑥 + 6 (xii) 3x2 - 5√2 x - 4

Answer:

1. (i) (x + 3)(x + 2) (ii) (x + 6)(x + 4) (iii) (x + 9)(x + 3) (iv) (x + 8)(x + 7) (v) (x + 15)(x + 4) (vi) (x + 8)(x + 5)

(vii) (x - 6)(x - 4) (viii) (x - 21)(x - 2) (ix) (x - 16)(x - 1) (x) (x - 15)(x - 6)

2. (i) (x - 13)(x - 9) (ii) (x - 5)(x - 4) (iii) (x + 12)(x - 11) (iv) (x + 13)(x - 8) (v) (y + 16)(y - 9) (vi) (z + 25)(z - 6)

(vii) (y + 9)(y - 8) (viii) (x + 13)(x - 7) (ix) (x - 11)(x + 7) (x) (x - 15)(x + 9)

3. (i) (x - 14)(x + 3) (ii) (x - 15)(x + 3) (iii) (x - 10)(x + 3) (iv) (x - 8)(x + 3) (v) (x + 2)(3x + 4) (vi) (x + 4)(3x + 2)

(vii) (x + 5)(2x - 9) (viii) (2x + 5)(3x - 2) (ix) (x - 2)(3x - 4) (x) (x - 10)(2x + 3) (xii) (x-2√𝟐)(3x +√𝟐)

FINDING ZEROES AND VERIFYING THEM WITH CO-EFFICIENTS

(i) (i) x2 – 2x – 8 (ii) 4s2 – 4s + 1 (iii) 6x2 – 3 – 7x (iv) 4u2 + 8u v) t2 – 15

(vi) 3x2 – x – 4 (vii) abx2 + (b2 –ac)x – bc,

𝟏𝟏 𝟐
(viii) 4x2 – 3x – 1 (ix) 3x2 + 4x – 4 (x) 7y2 – 𝟑
y -𝟑

𝟑
(xi) 2s2 – (1 + 2 √2 )s + 2 (xii) y2 + 𝟐
y -5
𝒄 −𝒃
[ans . (i) 4, -2) (ii) ½, ½ ) (iii) 3/2,-1/3(iv) 0,-2 (v) ± √𝟏𝟓 (vi) 4/3, -1 (vii) 𝒃 , 𝒂
(viii) -1/4, 1 (ix) 2/3,-2(x) 1/7, 2/3

(xi) (√𝟐, ½)]

QUESTION BASED ON FINDING QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL

1. Find the quadratic polynomial sum of whose zeroes is 2√3 and their product is 2?
𝟑
2. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are √2 and 𝟐
, respectively. Also find its

zeroes.
3. If α and β are zeros of polynomial 6x2 – 7x – 3, then form a quadratic polynomial where zeros are 2α and 2β
4. Given that √2 is a zero of the cubic polynomial 6x3 + √2 x2 – 10x – 4 √2 , find its other two zeroes
𝟑+ √𝟓 𝟑− √𝟓
5. Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeros are 𝟓
and 𝟓
(ans.

6. Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeros are (5 + 2√ 3 ) and (5 - 2√ 3 )

1 1
7. If  and  are the zeros of the polynomial x2 – 3x + 7, find a quadratic polynomial whose zeros are 
and 

8. Find a cubic polynomial with the sum, sum of the product of its zeroes taken two at a time,
and the
product of it zeroes as 2, –7, –14 respectively.
CONCEPT BY : LALTESH VASHISTHA PH: 9990470395 pg. 3
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9. If α and β are the zeroes of quadratic polynomial p(x) = 2x2 – 4x -5 then form another
polynomial whose
zeroes are 2α + 1 an and 2β + 1
−2√2 1
(ANS. (1). 3x² - 3√2x + 1 (2.) x² - √2x - 3/2 (3) (ans. 3 x² - 7 x – 6) (4) ,− (5) p(x) = 5x² - 30x + 44
3 √2

(6) p(x) = k( x2 – 10x + 13) (7) 7X² - 3X + 1. (8) x3 - 2x2 - 7x + 14 (9) p(x) =k( x2- 6x – 5)

FINDING THE VALUE OF ‘K’ OR OTHER CONSTANT

(i) If zeroes of x2 – kx + 6 are in the ratio 3 : 2, find k(ans. 5, -5)

(ii) –5 is one of the zeroes of 2x2 + px – 15, zeroes of p(x2 + x) + k are equal to each other. Find the value of k.

(ans. p=7 and k= 7/4)

(iii) * If  and  are zeroes of y2 + 5y + m, find the value of m such that (+ )2 – = 24 (ans. m=1)

(iv) If one zero of p(x) = 4x2 – (8k2 – 40k) x – 9 is negative of the other, find values of k (Ans. k= 0, 5)

(v) If –3 is one of the zeros of the polynomial (k – 1)x2 + k x + 1, find the value of k

(vii) Find the value of k such that 3x3 + 2kx + x – k– 5 has the sum of zeroes as half of their product.

(viii) If  and  are zeroes of the polynomial x2 – 5x + m such that ( + 1) ( + 1) = 0, find the value of b

(ix) If truth and lie are zeros of the polynomial px2 + qx + r, (p ≠0) and zeros are reciprocal to each other, Find
the relation between p and r.

𝟏
(x) If α and 𝛂
are zeros of 4x2 – 17x + k – 4, find the value of k.

(xi) Find the value of k such that 3x2 + 2kx + x – k – 5 has the sum of zeros as half of their product.

(xii) if x- 6 is a factor of x3 + ax2 +bx – b and a- b =7 find value of a and b

(xiii) If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k–1)x2 + k x + 1 is –3, then the value of k

CONCEPT BY : LALTESH VASHISTHA PH: 9990470395 pg. 4

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MORE CHALL ENGING QUESTIONS:

(i) If the remainder on division of x3 + 2x2 + kx +3 by x – 3 is 21,find the quotient and the value of k. Hence,
find the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 + 2x2 + kx – 18. (Ans. k= 9, all zeroes are 3, -3, 2)
(ii) Given that the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 – 6x2 + 3x + 10 are of the form a, a + b, a + 2b for some
real numbers a and b, find the values of a and b as well as the zeroes of the given polynomial
(Ans. a = -1, 5, zeroes are -1,2 and 5.)
(iii) For which values of a and b, are the zeroes of q(x) = x3 + 2x2 + a also the zeroes of the polynomial
p(x) = x5 – x4 – 4x3 + 3x2 + 3x + b? Which zeroes of p(x) are not the zeroes of q(x)? Ans. a = -1 and b = – 2,
1 and 2 which are not the zeroes of q(x).
𝐦
(iv) If m and n are the zeros of the polynomial 3x2 + 11x – 4, find the value of +
𝐧
𝐧
(Ans. 2)
𝐦
𝛃 𝛂
(v) If α and β are zeros of the polynomial x2 + 4x + 3, find the polynomial whose zeros 1 + 𝛂 and 1 + 𝛃
(vi) If the polynomial x4 – 6x3 + 16x2 – 25x + 10 is divided by x2 – 2x + k, then find the
value of k and a.
(vii) If  and are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4 such that α2 + 2 = 24 , find the value
of k
(viii) If  and  are the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 -2x -5 then find the value of following expression:
𝛂 𝛃 𝟏 𝟏
()  − β ()  +  −  ()  +  () 𝛃 + 𝛂 + 𝟐 (𝜶 + ) ()  + αβ4
𝜷

MCQ

1. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 3x + k is 2, then the value of k is

(A) 10 (B) –10 (C) 5 (D) –5

2. Given that two of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d are 0, the third zero is
−𝐛 𝐛 𝐜 −𝐝
(a) 𝐚
(B) 𝐚 (C) 𝐚 (d) 𝐚

3. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k–1) x2 + k x + 1 is –3, then the value of k is
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟐 −𝟐
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑

4. A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are –3 and 4, is

𝐱𝟐 𝐱
(a) x2 – x + 12 (b) x2 + x + 12 (c) 𝟐
− 𝟐 - 6 (d) 2x2 + 2x –24

5. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and –3, then

(A) a = –7, b = –1 (B) a = 5, b = –1 (C) a = 2, b = – 6 (D) a = 0, b = – 6

6. The number of polynomials having zeroes as –2 and 5 is

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(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) more than 3

7. Given that one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + cx + d is zero, the product of other zeroes is:
𝐜 𝐜 −𝐛
(a) - 𝐚 (b) 𝐚 (c) 𝐚 (d) 0

8. If one of the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 + ax2 + bx + c is –1, then the product of the other two zeroes is

(A) b – a + 1 (B) b – a – 1 (C) a – b + 1 (D) a – b –1

9. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + 99x + 127 are

(a) both positive (b) both negative (c) one positive and one negative (d) both equal

10. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + kx + k, k 0,

(a) Cannot both be positive (b) cannot both be negative (c) are always unequal (d) are always equal

11. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c, c ≠ 0 are equal, then
(a) c and a have opposite signs (b) c and b have opposite signs
(C) c and a have the same sign (d) c and b have the same sign
12. If one of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial of the form x2+ax + b is the negative of the other, then it
(A) has no linear term and the constant term is negative.
(B) has no linear term and the constant term is positive.
(C) can have a linear term but the constant term is negative.
(D) can have a linear term but the constant term is positive.

13. Which of the following is not the graph of a quadratic polynomial?

14. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial (k – 1)x2 + kx + 1 is –3, then the value of k is

A) 4/3 (B) – 4/3 (C) 2/3 (D) – 2/3

15. The quadratic polynomial whose sum of zeroes is 3 and product of zeroes is –2 is :

(a) x2 + 3x – 2 (b) x2 – 2x + 3 (c) x2 – 3x + 2 (d) x2 – 3x – 2

16. If (x + 1) is a factor of 2x3 + ax2 + 2bx + 1, then find the values of a and b given that 2a – 3b = 4
(a) a = –1, b = –2 (b) a = 2, b = 5 (c) a = 5, b = 2 (d) a = 2, b = 0

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17. The number of zeroes that polynomial f(x) = (x – 2)2 + 4 can have is:

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) 3

18. If p(x) is a polynomial of at least degree one and p(k) = 0, then k is known as
(a) value of p(x) (b) zero of p(x) (c) constant term of p(x) (c) none of these
19. Graph of a quadratic polynomial is a
(a) straight line (b) parabola (c) circle (d) ellipse

20. A polynomial of degree ‘ n’ has

(a) only 1 zero (b) exactly n zeroes (c) at most n zeroes (d) more than n zeroes

21. If the zero of the polynomial x2−px +q are double in value to the zeroes of 2x2 − 5x−3, find the value
of p and q.
(a) p = 1, q= 6 (b) p =5 , q= -6 (c) p = --5 q=6 (d) p = -2, q = 0

22. The value of k for which (–4) is a zero of the polynomial x2 – x – (2k +2) is
a) 3 (b) 9 c) 6 (d) -1

23. A quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of zeroes are –3 and 2 is

(a) x2 – 3x +2 (b) x2 + 3x + 2 (c) x2 + 2x – 3. (d) x2 + 2x + 3

24. The zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are precisely the x-coordinates of the points, where the graph of y
= p(x) intersects the
(a) x – axis (b) y – axis (c) origin (d) none of the above
25. if a –b, a and a + b are zeroes of the polynomial x3 – x2 + x +1 the value of (a+ b) is
(a) 1 ± √2 (b) – 1 + √2 (c) -1 - √2 (d) 3
26. The zeroes of the polynomial x2 – 3 are

(a) ±√𝟑 (b) –2 and 5 (c) –2 and –5 (d) none of the above

27. If the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and –3, then
(a) a = –7, b = –1 (b) a = 5, b = –1 (c) a = 2, b = – 6 (d) a = 0, b = – 6

ANSWER:

(1) b (2) a (3) A (4) D (5) D (6) D (7) b (8) A (9) a (10) a (11) C (12) a (13) D (14) C (15) D (16) C

(17) 2 (18) b (19) B (20) C (21) b (22) b (23) b (24) b (26) a (27) d

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (ONE

1. What will be MARKS
the number of
) zeroes of a linear polynomial p(x) if its graph (i) passes through the origin. (ii)

doesn’t intersect or touch x-axis at any point? [ (i) one (ii) no zero]

2. Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 5 + 2 √3and 5 – 2√ 3 (ans. P(x) = k( x2 – 10x + 13)

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3. If one zero of p(x) = 4x2 – (8k2 – 40k) x – 9 is negative of the other, find values of k. (Ans. 0,5)

4. What number should be added to the polynomial x2 – 5x + 4, so that 3 is a zero of polynomial so obtained (ans. 2)

5. How many (i) maximum (ii) minimum number of zeroes can a quadratic polynomial have? (ans max, 2 min. 0)

6. What will be the number of real zeroes of the polynomial x2 + 1? (no zero)

7. If α and 1/α are zeroes of 4x2 – 17x + k – 4, find value of k.(ans 8)

8. What will be the number of zeroes of the polynomials whose graphs are parallel to

(i) y-axis (ii) x-axis ( Ans (i) 1, (ii) 0 )

9. What will be number of zeroes of the polynomials whose graphs are either touching or intersecting the axis

only at the points:

(i) (–3, 0), (0, 2) & (3, 0) (ii) (0, 4), (0, 0) and (0, –4) (ans. (i) 2 (ii) 1

10. If –3 is one of the zeroes of the polynomial (k– 1)x2 + k x + 1, find the value of k (ans. 2/3)

11. If the product of zeroes of ax2 – 6x – 6 is 4, find the value of a. Hence find the sum of its zeroes (ans. -3/2)
12. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial (3 + k)x2 + 68x + 6k is reciprocal of the other, find k.(ans. 3/5)
13. If one of the zeroes is negative of other zero of the quadratic polynomial k x2 + (k-2) x + 1, then find the value
of k (ans. 2)
14. Find the zeroes of 2x2 + 10x ii. x2 – 5 (ans (i) 0, 5 (ii) ±√5 )
1 1
15. if  and  are the zeroes of quadratic polynomial P(x) = x2 – 4x + 6 then find the value of 
+  (Ans. 3/2)

(PREVIOUS YEARS BOARD QUESTION

PAPERS)
ONE MARK QUESTIONS:

1. Find the number of zeroes of the polynomial given in the graph.(CBSE 2010-1M)
2. If 1 is zero of polynomial p(x)=ax2-3(a-1)x-1 then find the value of a. (CBSE 2010-1M)
3. If α and β are zeroes of a polynomial such that α+ β=6 & αβ=6, then write a polynomial. (CBSE 2010-1M)
−𝟗 𝟑
4. Write the polynomial, the product and sum of whose zeroes are 𝟐 and - 𝟐 and respectively. (CBSE 2009-1
5. Find the value(s) of for which the quadratic equation + 2√2 + 18 = 0 has equal roots
6. If one root of the equation (k-1) x2 - 10x + 3 = 0 is the reciprocal of the other, then the
value of k is__________(cbse sample paer 2020)
7. he graph of y = p(x), where p(x) is a polynomial in variable x, is as follows: (cbse sample paper)

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The number of zeroes of p(x) is _________

TWO THREE MARKS MARK QUESTIONS

8. p(x)= x5-4x3+x2+3x+1, g(x)=x3-3x+1 Check whether g(x) is a factor of p(x). (CBSE 2019-3M)
𝟐
9. If 𝟑and -3 are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2+7x+b, then find values of a and b.
(CBSE 2019-3M)
10. Find all zeroes of the polynomial (2x4 – 9x3 + 5x2 + 3x – 1) if two of its zeroes are (2 + 3 )
and (2 – 3 ). (CBSE 2018-3M
𝟓 𝟓
11. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 3x4+6x3-2x2-10x-5 if two of its zeroes are √𝟑 and - √𝟑
(CBSE 2017-3M)
12. If the polynomial 6x4 + 8x3 + 5x2 + ax + b is exactly divisible by the polynomial 2x2 -5, the find the values of a
and b. (CBSE 2009-3M)
𝟐
13. If 𝟑and -3 are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2+7x+b, find the values of a and b. (CBSE 2019-3M)
14. If the polynomial x4-6x3+16x2-25x+10 is divided by x2-2x+k, the remainder is x+a. Find the values of k and a.
(CBSE 2010-4M)
15. Obtain all the zeros of the polynomial x4+4x3-2x2-20x-15, if two of its zeroes are √5 and -√5 (cbse sample \
paper)

Case study questions:

1. Observe the graph y = f(x) of a polynomial carefully and answer the following questions

(i) The number of zeroes of the polynomial y = f(x) are ?

a) 2 b)3 c)4 d) 1
(ii) The curve y = f(x) represents a …………………..polynomial ?

a) Quadratic b)linear c)biquadratic d) cubic

(iii) The coordinates where the curve intersects the x-axis are:
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a)(2,0),(-2,0) b) (2,0),(-2,0),(-1,3) c) (2,0),(-2,0),(0,0) d) (2,0),(-2,0),(1,-3

2. Observe the graphs y = f(x) and y = g(x) of a polynomial carefully and answer the
following questions:-

(i) The number of zeroes shown in the polynomial in Figure -A are ?

a) 1 b)2 c) 0 d)3
(ii) The number of zeroes shown in the polynomial in Figure -B are ?
a)2 b)1 c) 0 d) 3
(iii) The graph in Figure-A represents the polynomial

(iv) The graph in Figure-B represents the polynomial

3.

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The figure shows a bridge with hanging wires showing a mathematical shape. Answer the questions given below
(i) Name the shape of the hanging wires ?
a) Linear b) Spiral c) Parabola d) Ellipse
(ii) What will be the expression of the polynomial shown in the figure ?
(a) y = ax + b (b) y = ax2 + bx + c
(c) y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d (iv) NOTA
(iii) The hanging wires on the bridge is represented graphically. Zeroes of a polynomial can be expressed graphically.
Number of zeroes of polynomial is equal to number of points where the graph of polynomial
a) Intersects x-axis b) Intersects y-axis
c) Intersects y-axis or x-axis d)None of the above
(iv) The representation of Hanging wires on the bridge whose sum of the zeroes is -3 and
product of the zeroes is 5 is

(v) Graph of a quadratic polynomial is -

a) straight line b) circle c)parabola d)ellipse

CONCEPT BY : LALTESH VASHISTHA PH: 9990470395 pg. 13