1. What is Management? Discuss the important keywords in the definition of Management.

How
relevant is Management to your career? To your personal life? Explain.

Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading, motivation and

controlling the human resources, financial, physical, and information resources of an organization to
reach its goals efficiently and effectively. One of the key functions of management is Planning it is
consisting of working independently to determined what responsibilities must be given to which
employees, setting priority level for certain task, and creating realistic timelines and standards for
completion. Another is Organizing, it is delegating task efficiently and making sure employees have
what they need to accomplish their tasks. Organizing also is includes reorganizing some structure or
policies in response to new challenges and organizations growth. Last is controlling, it is about
making sure the ultimate goals of the business are being adequately met, as well as making any
necessary changes when they facing problems. It is also includes monitoring the employee
performance, quality of work, and the efficiency and reliability of completed project.

As a government employee, studying management will help me to become an effective and efficient
leader in the government. Learning the importance of key functions of management will help me as
well as our program to achieve our common goals by simple providing guidance and by
communicating effectively to my co-employees, be able to meet the deadlines by simple planning
best strategies ahead of time to accomplish such task, making the operation run smoothly by
delegating the responsibilities of employee in line with their skills and proficiency.

Learning management will help me to become the best version of myself. I personally faces some
straggles and challenges, and I believe that equipping me with the right knowledge in management
will help me overcome those challenges, in that way I will have knowledge in making effective
decisions, manage and mentor my colleagues, making me a better employee and manager,
managing my finances and giving priority to immediate activities. Etc.

2. What are the 4 functions of management? How are they related to the organization functions?
Which do you think is the most important function? Explain.

The four functions of management are Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. They are
related to the organizational function because this function of management must be performed
properly and effectively understand by managers to achieve organizational success. For me the most
important function of management is PLANNING, because it is the most pivotal part of the
management process and the first process of achieving objectives. Planning involves setting
objectives in advance, a goal which is to be achieved within a stipulated time. And it helps managers
to decide the objectives clearly and prepare a plan to execute the task. So, if the goals are not plan
properly it may result to a failure of the organizational success.
3. Trace the evolution of the management theories from the classical approach to the neo classical
approach of management. What are the contributions of these different theories to the present
managerial practices in the government and in private business?

There are important theories of management and each theory has distinct role to knowledge of
what managers do. The classical management approach had three major categories that include
scientific management, administrative theory and bureaucratic management while Neoclassical
theory includes human relations movement and the behavioral, encompasses approaches and
theories that focus on the human side of an organization. Today the management in government
and private agency are using the mix of strategy resulting from the classical and neo-classical
approach of management by using the situation as a context, organization as a system, individual
needs as part of organization humanism, and contingent approach to manage workforce through
wide range of managerial practices.

4. What is Corporate Social Responsibility? Why is its importance & relevance to society? Cite some
social responsibility practices or programs implemented by business related to the environmental
sustainability, ethical labor practices, community engagement, philanthropy & charitable giving?
How does these benefit the business? Discuss.

Corporate Social Responsibility is a type of business self-regulation with the aim of social
accountability and making a positive impact on society. Some ways that a company can embrace
CSR include being environmentally friendly and eco-conscious; promoting equality, diversity, and
inclusion in the workplace; treating employees with respect; giving back to the community; and
ensuring business decisions are ethical.

Corporate Social Responsibility is important to the society because it is beneficial to our

environment, by reducing environment impact of some business productions sites and choosing less
polluting mode of transport.

There are some businesses who practicing Corporate Social Responsibility on a large scale. One is
Johnson and Johnson it focuses on reducing its environmental impact by investing in alternative
energy sources. Globally, Johson and Johnson also works to provide clean, safe water to
communities. Another is Starbucks, it is a global coffee chain has implemented a socially responsible
hiring process to diversify its workforce. Its efforts are focused on hiring more veterans, your people
looking to start their careers, and refugees.

CSR can be beneficial to a company in several ways. The first is by improving its brand image. When
customers or clients see evidence that a business is socially responsible, they tend to respond
positively. The second benefit is improving employee morale. Morale tends to be higher at
companies that invest effort and resources into ethical and socially responsible behavior. Lastly, CSR-
 active companies attract investors and partners. A company that is willing to invest in long-tern
policies and improvements offers security to potential investors.

5. What is planning? What is the importance & nature of planning? Discuss the planning process.
How important & relevant is planning to your career & your personal life? Explain.

Planning is a systematic process of determining through the formulation of strategies, the right set
of resources and steps, required for the attainment of organization’s objectives. It must be goal
oriented, must be primary function of management, pervasive in nature, is continuous process,
involve decision making and futuristic.

The first step in process of planning is Establishing Objectives, once the problems have been
identified and agreed upon, the planner develops goals and objectives to alleviate the problem or
needs. In general, objectives can be defined as specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-
bound. The second process is development of alternative solutions. There are several ways to
achieve goals and objectives. At this stage the planner working with staff and community leaders,
comes up with a list of alternative strategies to achieve the goals and objectives. Like investigate
way tat other agencies and communities are achieving similar objectives, have staff and others
generate ideas based on their personal experience and use knowledge gained from demonstration.
Third process is selection of strategies and development of detail plan once strategy has selected, a
detailed plan to implement the strategy is developed. The development of the plan requires four
types of activities namely programming, allocating resources, scheduling and fixing accountability.
Fourth step is monitoring and evaluation, it will help the planner to be guided on continuing or
discounting a program or component of a plan, improve existing programs/plans, add or drop a
component or an entire program, institute a similar program elsewhere etc. Last process is a
developing a simple monitoring and evaluation plan since planning process is continuous cycle. The
outcome of monitoring and evaluation efforts can provide new information to revise plans or
programs.

Planning is important to my personal life because it gives me direction to identify what are my goals
in life really are and priority which area in my life need to accomplish first. It helps us make sure that
we all understand our goal and what I need to do to reach it by involving everyone in the planning
process. And by planning the best action I will be able to prevents risk and uncertainties that will be
lead us to delay our goals or hinder in achieving it.
6. What are policies, procedure & methods? Why are they important in management? Discuss the
decision-making process. What makes a good managerial decision? Discuss.

Policies is a set of rules or guidelines for the organization and employees to follow in order to achieve
a specific goal, while procedure is the counterpart to a policy; it is the instruction on how a policy is
followed, methods are the step-by-step process for accomplishing the goals.

It is important in an organization to keep operations from devolving into complete chaos. When
everyone is following policies and procedures, management can run smoothly. When all the staff is
following policies and procedures, the organization will use time and resources more efficiently. They
will be able to grow and achieve the goals as one.

Decision making is the process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information
and assessing alternative resolutions. Using a step-by-step decision-making process can help you
make more deliberate, thoughtful decision by organizing relevant information and defining
alternatives.

Effective decision-making requires critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and the ability to evaluate
information objectively, and it is essential for success both in personal and professional life.

Prepared by:

Kenneth Samuel L. Gabriola

Master’s in Business Administration