Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

LPG GAS LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to

Department of Computer Application

Madan Bhandari Memorial College

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelors in Computer

Application

Submitted by

Sujan Reshmi (6-2-432-148-2020)

Kripesh Sharma(6-2-432-127-2020)

February, 2024

Under the Supervision of

Kiran Bagale
 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Madan Bhandari Memorial College

SUPERVISOR’S RECOMMENDATION

I hereby recommend that this project prepared under my supervision by “Sujan

Reshmi(6-2-432-148-2020)” and “Kripesh Sharma (6-2-432-127-2020)” entitled
“LPG GAS LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM” is partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Computer Application is recommended for
the final evaluation.

-------------------------------------

SIGNATURE

Kiran Bagale

PROJECT SUPERVISOR
 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Madan Bhandari Memorial College

LETTER OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that this project prepared by “Sujan Reshmi” and “Kripesh Sharma”
entitled “LPG GAS LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM” in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of Bachelor in Computer Application has been evaluated. In
our opinion it is satisfactory in the scope and quality as a project for the required degree.

Signature of Supervisor Signature of Coordinator

--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Mr. Phul Babu Jha
Kiran Bagale
Coordinator
Lecturer, Project Supervisor
Department of BCA
Madan Bhandari Memorial College
Madan Bhandari Memorial College

Signature of Internal Signature of External

Examiner Examiner

--------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
 ABSTRACT
Safety plays a major role in today’s world and it is necessary that good safety systems are
to be implemented in places of education and work. This work modifies the existing
safety model installed in industries and this system also be used in homes and business
premises. One of the preventive measures to avoid the danger associated with gas leakage
is to install a gas leakage detector at vulnerable locations. A gas detector is a device that
detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system. Gas Detector
where it can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving
them the opportunity to fix or leave. This type of device is important because there are
many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals. This system
provides an approach to discover LPG discharge supported microcontroller. To alert on
Liquefied rock oil Gas (LPG) leakage and preventing any unwanted incident, we need to
apply some cautions to discover the discharge. This system aims to provide a solution to
this problem by building a device which will do the area monitoring continuously. The
gas sensor provides data to ESP32, and then the results are displayed as a warning to the
user via a smart-phone device [1]. Using this device users will be able to prevent
accidents that occur due to harmful gas leaks so that accidents can be avoided.

Keywords: LPG, Fire detection, Gas leakage detection, GSM Module, Gas Leakage
Prevention, IoT (Internet of Thing)

i
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The project work presented in this report has been carried out and presented at Madan
Bhandari College, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Tribhuvan University of
Technology as a part of Bachelors of Arts in Computer Application. Project is a test of
not only technical skills but also team work and performance under various constraints.
This journey cannot be successfully accomplished without help from experts.

Furthermore, we would like to thank our lecturers of the Department of Computer

Application for their kindness in sharing their knowledge with us which in different
ways has helped us in coming up with this project and being there for us when we
needed them, our friends who have always been there to support us and our respondents
who gave us feedbacks on improving our project work.

We will be ever grateful to our supervisor Mr. Kiran Bagale, Lecturer without whose
guidance, this project would not have become successful. We are also grateful to our
department coordinator Mr. Phul Babu Jha. Finally, our greatest appreciation and love
goes to our families, friends and mentors and for sure this would not have happened
without their unconditional love, care and support.

ii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................
LIST OF ABBREVIATION..............................................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES..........................................................................................................
LIST OF TABLES...........................................................................................................
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................
1.1. Introduction..............................................................................................................
1.2. Problem Statement...................................................................................................
1.3. Objectives................................................................................................................
1.4. Scope and Limitation...............................................................................................
1.5. Report Organization.................................................................................................
CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW..................
2.1. Background Study....................................................................................................
2.2. Literature review......................................................................................................
CHAPTER 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.....................................................
3.1. System Analysis......................................................................................................
3.1.1 Requirement Analysis.........................................................................................
3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis.............................................................................................
3.1.3 Data Modeling (ER-Diagram)............................................................................
3.1.4 Process Modeling (DFD)....................................................................................
3.2. System Design......................................................................................................
3.2.1 Architecture Design..........................................................................................
3.2.2 Database Schema Design..................................................................................
3.2.3 Interface Design................................................................................................
3.2.4 Physical DFD....................................................................................................
CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING.................................................
4.1 Implementation.......................................................................................................
4.1.1 Tools Used........................................................................................................
4.1.2 Hardware Used.................................................................................................
4.1.3 Implementation Details of Modules.................................................................

iii
 4.2 Testing.....................................................................................................................
4.2.1 Test case for unit testing...................................................................................
4.2.2 Test case for system testing..............................................................................
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS.................
5.1 Lesson Learnt / Outcome........................................................................................
5.2 Conclusion..............................................................................................................
5.3 Future Recommendations.......................................................................................
REFERENCES................................................................................................................
APPENDICES..................................................................................................................

iv
 LIST OF ABBREVIATION

BaaS: Backend-as-a-Service

CSS: Cascading Style Sheet

DFD: Data Flow Diagram

ER Diagram: Entity Relationship Diagram

ESP: Espressif System

GSM: Global System for Mobile Communication

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language

IOT: Internet Of Things

JS: JavaScript

LED: Light Emitting Diode

LPG: Liquified Petrol Gas

MCU: Micro Controller Unit

NFR: Non-Functional Requirement

RTDB: Real Time Data Base

v
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1 Use case diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection

System ...............................5
Figure 3.2 Gantt
Chart………………………………………….. .................................7
Figure 3.3 ER- Diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection
System.......................................8
Figure 3.4 Context Diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection
System.................................8
Figure 3.5 Level 1 DFD of LPG Gas Leak Detection
System........................................9
Figure 3.6 Architecture design of LPG Gas Leak Detection
System...........................10
Figure 3.7 Schema for LPG Gas Leak Detection
System............................................11
Figure 3.8 User registration
Page ................................................................................12
Figure 3.9 User Login
Page .........................................................................................12
Figure 3.10 Dashboard
Page .......................................................................................13
Figure 3.11 Physical DFD of LPG Gas Leak Detection
System .................................14

vi
 LIST OF TABLES
Table 4-1 Gantt
chart............................................................................................................7
Table 4-2 Testing Registration
Form .................................................................................18
Table 4-3 Testing Login
Form ...........................................................................................19
Table 4-4 Testing Gas
Level...............................................................................................20
Table 4-5 System Testing...................................................................................................20

vii
viii
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction
The LPG Gas Leak Detection system is a solution designed to ensure safety and prevent
hazardous situations from gas leaks in residential and commercial environments by using
IoT devices. The purpose of the LPG Gas Leak Detection system is to detect the presence
of gas leaks at an early stage by using several IoT devices and provide timely alerts to
minimize potential risks. The system contains some kind of sensing technologies like the
MQ-2 gas sensor which has the ability to sense multiple gases. It analyzes the gas
concentration levels and compares them to predefined thresholds[1]. If the gas
concentration exceeds the threshold, indicating a potential leak, the control unit triggers
the alert mechanism to notify the users. The alert mechanism can take various forms,
such as audible alarms (buzzers), visual indicators (LEDs), and remote notifications.
Using this device users will be able to prevent accidents that occur due to harmful gas
leaks so that accidents can be avoided [1].

1.2. Problem Statement

LPG gas leakage is a serious safety concern that can lead to fires, explosions, and other
hazards. Due to the explosion of LPG, the number of deaths has been increased in recent
years [2]. To avoid this problem there is a need for a system to detect the leakage of LPG
Gas. So, this system helps in detecting the leakage of LPG Gas in real time and alert the
users. Along with detection, we can continuously track the records of gas data through the
website.

1.3. Objectives
The main objective of this project is:
i. To detect gas leaks in real-time and alert users to take appropriate safety measures.
ii. To enable remote monitoring of gas levels and conditions.

1.4. Scope and Limitation

The system can be used to detect Gas leakage in home, hotels, schools and other
domestic areas, and gives alert message to the surrounding people[6]. The scope of
these systems is to provide an early warning of gas leaks, which can help prevent
accidents and save lives [1].
1
There are some criteria that may not be fulfilled by our application. Some of such
limitations of our project are mentioned below:
• There may be false alarms due to variety of factors such as humidity, temperature,
and other environmental conditions.
• It has a limited range and can only detect gas leaks within a certain distance from
the sensor.
• It requires regular maintenance to ensure that they are functioning properly.

1.5. Report Organization

This project is divided into five major chapters.
Chapter 1 gives us the background information on the project and it also tells us
about the objective and scope and limitation of the project.
Chapter 2 provides us with the background information about our topic and provides
us with already known information and theories.
Chapter 3 analyze the system by performing the requirement and feasibility analysis.
This chapter also provides us with all the system designs of the project.
Chapter 4 captures the implementation of the proposed design and the tools used
while doing so. It also provides the information about the unit testing and system
testing.
Chapter 5 provides us with conclusion, outcome and further recommendation related
to the project.

2
 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE
REVIEW

2.1. Background Study

As per the context of Nepal, we can hear many cases of explosions caused due to gas
leak. Due to the explosion of LPG, the number of deaths has been increased in recent
years [2]. To avoid this problem there is a need for a system to detect the leakage of
LPG Gas. Recently, Gas leak detection systems have been used in hotels, cinemas
and businesses[6]. There is availability of gas leak detection devices in market which
detects gas leak and alerts people through Led indicators and sound of buzz. Usually,
we don’t see these systems installed in households.

2.2. Literature review

For this project, we researched and reviewed some of the related websites,
articles, thesis, documentations and applications. Throughout the research, we get to
find out that there are very few websites or web-based applications related to gas
leak detection system.

LPG is one of the alternate fuels used now days. This gas is commonly used for
heating appliances, hot water, cooking, and various other purposes also [3]. In such a
case, gas leakage security systems become an essential and help to protect from gas
leakage accidents.

Dr. Chetana Tukkoji and Mr. Sanjeev Kumar A.N conducted on research on “LPG
Gas Detection using IOT”. In this research paper, Arduino was introduced as
microcontroller board and MQ-6 as gas sensor. Their device alerts the gas leak with
sound in buzzer. The LPG or gas that is combustible mixture of organic compound
gases utilized in use as fuel in abundant application like homes, hostels, industries,
automobiles' vehicles attributable to its fascinating properties that embrace high hot
price, that manufacture the less smoke, produces less soot and doesn't cause abundant
hurt to the setting [4].

Arun Mahas, Neeraj Chambyal, Manish Raina, Dr. Simmi Dutta and Er. Prabhjot
Singh conducted on research on “LPG Gas Leakage Detection using IOT”. In this
research paper, NodeMCU was introduced as microcontroller board and MQ-5 as gas
sensor. This technique triggers buzzer and displays the severity of the escape to alert
individuals once LPG escape is detected [1].

3
 CHAPTER 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1. System Analysis

System analysis is a process of collecting and interpreting facts, identifying the

problems and decomposition of a system into its components. System analysis is
conducted for the purpose of studying a system or its parts in order to identify its
objectives. It is a problem-solving technique that improves the system and ensures
that all the components of the system work efficiently to accomplish their purpose.

3.1.1 Requirement Analysis

i. Functional Requirements
These requirements are what of your website i.e. it includes the functions and core
operations of LPG Gas Leak Detection System which lets the users interact with the
website. It defines what will happen when there is gas leak. These are tangible, easy to
quantify and understand, and typically define the behavior of a system based on user
interactions.

4
 Figure 0.1 Use case diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection System
In the above use case diagram, it consists of stick figures representing different roles:
User, Gas Sensor, and Alert System. Oval shapes represent steps or actions in the
process: Sign up, Login, Monitor System, Detects Gas Leak, Generate alert, Respond
to Alert and Logout. Arrows indicate the flow of actions or interactions between
different roles and steps. In this system, a user initiates interaction by signing up and
logging in. The user can then monitor the system, which is concurrently overseen by
a gas sensor. If the gas sensor detects a gas leak, it triggers an alert system that
generates an alert. The user, informed of the potential hazard, is expected to respond
to this alert accordingly. After addressing the alert or completing their monitoring
session, the user logs out of the system, ending their interaction with it. This
systematic process ensures that both manual (user) and automated (gas sensor and
alert system) monitoring are in place for effective gas leak detection and response.

5
ii. Non-Functional
NFRs describe the general properties of a system. They are among the most important
things to define when building the specification for LPG gas leak detection system, as
most have a direct impact on the experience and satisfaction of your users. Here are some
basic types of non-functional requirements:

a. Reliability
The system should be highly reliable, ensuring consistent and accurate
performance in detecting gas leaks.
b. Availability
The system should have a high level of availability, ensuring continuous operation and
minimal downtime to provide uninterrupted gas leak monitoring.

c. Response Time
The system should have a fast response time, providing immediate alerts and
notifications upon detecting a gas leak to facilitate swift response and mitigation
measures.

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis

i. Technical
Various proven technologies for gas leak detection, such as gas sensors,
microcontroller etc. are readily available in the market. whenever needed. The
selected gas detection system has high accuracy and reliability in detecting LPG gas
leaks within residential environments.
ii. Operational
Various resources and skills required for completion of the project are available to project
development team. The system requires periodic maintenance and inspection (cleaning
the sensors) to ensure optimal performance, but the associated costs and efforts are
reasonable and manageable[5].
iii. Economic
The initial investment for the gas leak detection system, including sensors, control
units, and installation, is within an acceptable range for users. Implementing a gas
leak detection system helps minimize costs associated with emergency response,
repairs, property damage, legal liabilities, insurance claims, and environmental
cleanup.

6
iv. Schedule
This includes the project schedule and all time allocated for their completion. The Gantt
chart is as follow:
Table 0-1 Gantt chart
Ta sk
Plan n in g
An aly sis
Desig n
Co d in g

Figure 0.2 Gantt Chart

7
3.1.3 Data Modeling (ER-Diagram)

Figure 0.3 ER- Diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection System

In the above diagram, it consists of three entities: Sensor, User, Latest Leak and
Latest Alert. Each entity has attributes represented by ovals connected to rectangular
boxes. For example, the Sensor entity has attributes like Sensor ID, gas data.
Cardinality notations (like 1, m, n) indicate the number of instances of one entity
associated with instances of another entity. The Sensor entity monitors gas data and
identifies Latest Leak entities, which store information about detected gas leaks. Each
leak also generates a Latest Alert entity, which contains alert information for the user.
The User entity monitors one or more sensors and interacts with the system through a
user interface. The user can also register or log in to the system using their user
details, which are stored in the Users database. This setup ensures that users are
promptly alerted about any detected gas leaks, allowing for immediate action to
ensure safety.

3.1.4 Process Modeling (DFD)

Process modeling is the technique of graphically capturing the series of processes and
show how they are related to one another.

Figure 0.4 Context Diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection System

8
A context diagram, also known as a system context diagram or level 0 DFD (Data
Flow Diagram). The above context diagram of LPG Gas Leak Detection System
provides a high-level view of a system or process and its interaction with external
entities. It illustrates the boundaries of the system and shows how it interacts with
external entities without going into detailed internal processes. It is supposed to be an
abstract view, with the mechanism represented as a single process with external
parties.

Figure 0.5 Level 1 DFD of LPG Gas Leak Detection System

In a Level 1 Data Flow Diagram (DFD), the context diagram is decomposed into
multiple processes or bubbles. This level highlights the main functions of the system
and breaks down the high-level processes from the context diagram into sub-
processes. The Level 0 DFD provides detailed information about the proposed
system. The figure above illustrates the actions that users can take within the system.

The diagram consists of five processes: Validate user details for registration,
Authenticate user, ESP 32 Microcontroller, Data Processing, Real-time Database
(RTDB) and Alert Processing. First, user registers by providing details which are
validated and after the registration success, user authentication is carried out during
log in process. The User Interface component also interacts with the Users database
to authenticate users and display error messages if needed . The Gas Sensor collects
9
ambient gas data and sends it to the ESP 32 Microcontroller. The microcontroller
processes this data and sends it to Data Processing for further analysis and the Real-
time Database (RTDB) for storage. The processed data is displayed and analyzed in
the User Interface where the user can access it. If there’s an alert, the Alert Processing
system notifies the user.

3.2. System Design

The system design of LPG gas leak detection system consists of architectural design,
database schema design, user interface design and physical DFD are shown as
follows:

3.2.1 Architecture Design

10
 Figure 0.6 Architecture design of LPG Gas Leak Detection System

3.2.2 Database Schema Design

The database schema design for LPG Gas Leak Detection System showing all the
relations along with their attributes and inter-relationship between the relations is
shown below:

Figure 0.7 Schema for LPG Gas Leak Detection System

3.2.3 Interface Design

The interface design of our project is shown below:
a) User registration page
The interface design for patient registration is shown below:

11
 Figure 0.8 User registration Page
As shown as above figure this is the landing page of our system, serving as the index
page. It provides a registration system for user. To access the system, it is necessary
to have a registered account within this system and in order to register you have to
enter your valid information.

b)User Login page

The interface design for user login pages is shown below:

Figure 0.9 User Login Page

12
In the above figure you can login into the system as a user by using the registered
account details and access the dashboard panel.

c) Dashboard page
The interface design for dashboard page is shown below:

Figure 0.10 Dashboard Page

In the above figure you can see the gas level and gas status. With the gas level,
graph can be generated.

3.2.4 Physical DFD

13
 Figure 0.11 Physical DFD of LPG Gas Leak Detection System
The system consists of four main components: Gas Sensor MQ-2, ESP 32
Microcontroller, Firebase Realtime Database (RTDB), and Data Processing. The Gas
Sensor MQ-2 captures ambient gas data and sends it to the ESP 32 Microcontroller for
processing. The ESP 32 Microcontroller processes the gas data and stores it into the
Firebase Realtime Database (RTDB), which is a cloud database that stores real-time data.
The Data Processing component fetches the gas data from the ESP 32 Microcontroller
and performs further analysis and alert processing. It also interfaces with the User
Interface component, which displays and analyzes the data for the users. The user
Interface component also interacts with the Users database, which contains user
information for authentication purposes. Users can register or log in to access the system
and view the gas data. The system also displays error messages if there are issues with
user login or registration. The user Interface component also interacts with the Users
database, which contains user information for authentication purposes. Users can register
or log in to access the system and view the gas data. The system also displays error
messages if there are issues with user login or registration.

14
 CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
4.1 Implementation
Implementation is the process of putting a decision or plan into effect. During
implementation we start coding according to our requirement.

4.1.1 Tools Used

Diagram Tool:
“Lucid Chart” is used to make all the system designs required for this project. It is a
proprietary software for making diagram and charts. The software lets us choose from
an automatic layout function or create a custom layout. The drag and drop feature
make it simple to create a great looking diagram or chart.
Web Application Development Tools:
Various different tools are used to design the web page for this project.
a. HTML:
HTML is a markup language which is used for creating web pages and which defines
the structure of web pages. It is one of the most basic building blocks of every
website and we have used HTML for the front end.
b. CSS:
CSS is the language for describing the presentation of web pages, including colors,
layout and fonts. It is a simple design language intended to simplify the process of
making web pages presentable.
c. Firebase:
Firebase is a Backend-as-a-Service (BaaS) app development platform that provides
hosted backend services such as a real-time database, cloud storage, authentication,
crash reporting, machine learning, remote configuration, and hosting for static files.
d. Visual Studio Code
Visual studio code is a source-code editor which includes features like debugging,
syntax highlighting, intelligent code completion, etc. It was made by Microsoft and
can run on different types of operating systems like Windows, Linux and Mac OS.
Different programming language are readily available thus making the coding
process faster and hassle free.
e. JS
Java Script (JS) is used for client server validation.

15
4.1.2 Hardware Used
a) ESP32
ESP32 is a series of low-cost, low-power system on a chip microcontrollers with
integrated Wi-Fi and dual-mode Bluetooth.is also an open - source IoT board.

b) Arduino UNO
The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Arduino UNO is based on an
ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as the
Arduino Mega board, etc. The board consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins
(I/O), shields, and other circuits.

c) LPG Gas sensor

The MQ-2 is an LPG gas detecting sensor that will be used for detection of gases within
less time of leakage. So, it was used mostly for detecting the spillage of gases from the
gas cylinders or other gas sources. It will be used for many industrial purposes and this
sensor can detect the gases.

d) Buzzer
A buzzer or pager is an audio signaling device, which can be mechanical, mechanical
device, or electricity (Piezo for short). lt has 2 pins in it. It’s easy construction and low
worth makes it usable in varied applications like car/truck reversing indicator, computers,
decision bells etc. Once subjected to an alternating field of force they stretch or compress,
in accordance with the frequency of the signal thereby producing sound.

e) Jumper wires
A jumper wire is associate electrical wire, or cluster of them forming a cable, with a
connecter or pin at every finish (or typically while not them - merely "tinned"), that is
often accustomed interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test
circuit, internally or with other equipment or components, without soldering. Individual
jump wires are fitted by inserting their "end connectors" into the slots provided during a
board, the header connecter of a printed circuit, or a chunk of equipment.

f) Breadboard
A Breadboard is simply a board for prototyping or building circuits on. It allows you to
place components and connections on the board to make circuits without soldering. The

16
holes in the breadboard take care of your connections by physically holding onto parts or
wires where you put them and electrically connecting them inside the board.

g) Connecting wires
A wire may be a single, typically cylindrical, versatile strand or rod of metal. Wires
square measure accustomed bear mechanical masses or electricity and
telecommunications signals. Wire is often fashioned by drawing the metal through a hole
in a very die or draw plate. Wire gauges are available in numerous customary sizes, as
expressed in terms of a gauge range.

h) LED indicator
LED indicators are illuminated components used to show the status of a function, a
battery, or electronics.

4.1.3 Implementation Details of Modules

i. Registration Module
By providing all the essential and valid details of the user on the registration form,
patients can access the system using the registration module. All the essential information
is verified and then if everything goes well user can register and access the dashboard of
user panel.
ii. Login Module
The login module facilitates users access to their accounts within the system. Users
provide their registered details then they can log in into the system through this module
and access their dashboard.
iii. Logout Module
The logout module enables users to securely end their session and log out from their
accounts within the system. When users initiate the logout process, the system terminates
the session associated with their account, effectively revoking their access to system
functionalities.
iv. Gas sensor Module
By using this module, ambient gas data is collected and sent to the Microcontroller.
v. Alert Module
This module enables to alert users if there is leakage of gas in particular area.

17
4.2 Testing
Once source code has been generated, software must be tested to correct as many
errors as possible before delivery to customer. Our goal is to design a series of test
cases that have a high likelihood of finding errors. Following testing techniques are
well known and the same strategy is adopted during this project testing.

4.2.1 Test case for unit testing

A unit testing is the way of testing the smallest piece of code that can be logically
isolated in a system. It is performed to determine if there are any issues and its main
aim is to identify, analyze and fix the found defects.

Table 0-2 Testing Registration Form

SN Test Case Test Data Expected Actual Pass/Fail
Description Result Result
1 User enters Email:sujangmail.com Display Invalid Pass
invalid message email.
email Password:Sujan@123 as Invalid Please
email enter valid
email
2 User enters Email:sujan@gmail.com Display Invalid Pass
invalid message Password.
password Password: sujan as invalid Please use
password at least 8
characters
including
one
uppercase
letter, one
lowercase
letter, one
digit and
one
special
character
3 User enters Phone:98470464772 Display Incorrect Pass
invalid message phone
phone as invalid format
number phone
number
4 User enters Password:Sujan@123 Display confirm Pass
unmatched message password
password Confirm as doesn’t
password:Sujan@12 confirm match

18
 password
doesn’t
match
5 User enters Username: Sujan Logged in Logged in Pass
valid to page
details Email:sujan12@gmail.com
Phone:+9779866622640
Password: Sujan@123
Confirm password:
Sujan@123
6 User sign Username: Display Fields Pass
up without message can’t be
details Email: as fields empty
Phone: can’t be
empty
Password:
Confirm password:

Table 0-3 Testing Login Form

SN Test Case Test Data Expected Actual Pass/Fail
Description Result Result

1 User login Email: Display Invalid Pass

without message as email or
Password:
details Invalid password
email or
password

2 User enters Email:sujan@gmail.com Display Invalid Pass

invalid message as email or
Password: Sujan@123
email invalid password
password

3 User enters Email:sujan12@gmail.com Display Incorrect Pass

invalid message as email or
Password: Sujan@12
password invalid password
password

4 User enters Email:sujan12@gmail.com Logged in Logged in Pass

19
 valid details Password: Sujan@123 to page

Table 0-4 Testing Gas Leak

SN Test Case Test Data Expected Actual Pass/Fail

Description Result Result
1 Normal gas Gas Level:34 Display No gas Pass
level message as leak
no gas leak detected
detected
2 More than Gas Level:1600 Display Gas leak Pass
threshold message as detected
value gas gas leak
level detected

4.2.2 Test case for system testing

System testing is done after integration testing in order to ensure that the whole
system functions properly. After the integration testing, the entire system working
process was checked. The output was as per the system specifications and hence the
system was found to work properly.

Table 0-5 System Testing

SN Test Case Test Data Expected Actual Pass/Fail
Description Result Result

1 Sensor - All sensors All sensors Pass

Integration properly detected and
integrated connected
with micro-
controller

2 Sensor Simulated gas readings Gas readings Gas readings Pass

reading are accurate matched the
accuracy and real-time expected
readings

3 Alert Simulated gas leak System Alert Pass

generation generates an generated
alert within an

20
 promptly acceptable
time frame

4 User Simulated gas leak Users receive Notification Pass

Notification notifications through
for gas leak phone call
events sent

5 System System reacts promptly System alerts System alerts Pass

Response to gas leak incidents within an within an
Time acceptable acceptable
response response
time time

6 Access User authentication and Only Unauthorized Pass

Controls authorization authorized attempt to
users can access
configure settings is
system denied
settings

7 Database Database records Database Data Pass

Integrity stores data integrity
accurately checks pass,
and no anomalies
consistently observed

8 User User interface User Users Pass

Interface - interface is navigate
Usability user-friendly interface
and displays easily, data is
accurate clear
information

9 Information Simulated gas leak Relevant Emergency Pass

to information services
Emergency (location, gas receive

21
 Services levels) accurate data
provided to
emergency
services

10 Emergency Simulated gas leak Emergency Confirmation Pass

Response services are received
Integration automatically from
notified emergency
services

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE

RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Lesson Learnt / Outcome
The above system has the potential to provide numerous benefits to its users.. The
first objective which is to design a system that can detect the presence of LPG gas
was achieved through the implementation of the LPG detection model. The second
objective which is to design a system that can give visible and audible notification

22
both locally and remotely was achieved through the implementation of the
notification model. The system is able to provide a more convenient way for users to
access the gas level and status. Likewise, users can get notification of gas leak
through phone call in their mobile phone.
5.2 Conclusion
We can hereby conclude that our project, LPG Gas Leak Detection System, is capable
of performing its intended functions seamlessly and offers a user-friendly navigation
experience. Users can interact with the system effortlessly, making it easy for users to
view the gas level and status. Also, users can view the graph generated through
different levels of gas. The system's functionality is smooth and efficient. In this
system, we have described a new approach for gas leakage detection system at a low
concentration. The leakage is detected with the help of MQ-2 gas sensor. Sensor
sends a signal to microcontroller. In the next step microcontroller sends an active
signal to other externally connected devices. This system triggers LED and buzzer to
alert people when LPG leakage is detected including phone call to users.

5.3 Future Recommendations

There are few improvements and addition that can be added to the system like:

a) Adding of notification through email.

b) A dedicated mobile application can be developed for users to access and monitor
gas leaks.
c) Enable automatic call to emergency services like fire brigade, police station.

REFERENCES

[1] N. C. M. R. D. Arun Manhas, "International Journal of Scientific Research in

Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology (IJSRCSEIT)," LPG Gas
Leakage Detection Using IOT, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 520-526, 2021.

23
[2] D. A. A. G. S. B. A. ,. H. D. E. Jebamalar Leavline, "LPG Gas Leakage Detection and
Alert System," International Journal of Electronics Engineering Research, vol. 9, no. 7,
pp. 1095-1097, 2017.

[3] R. P. R. K. a. R. V. Ashish Shrivastava, "GSM BASED GAS LEAKAGE

DETECTIONN SYSTEM," INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNICAL
RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 42-45, 2023.

[4] N. Chetana Tukkoji and Sanjeev Kumar A, "LPG GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION
USING IOT," International Journal Of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology,
vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 603-609, 2020.

[5] M. V. B. S. M. V. V. J. S. Karthick, "International Journal of Innovative Technology

and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)," LPG Gas Leakage Detection and Prevention
System using NodeMCU, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 5031-5034, 2019.

[6] A. P. C. R. a. S. P. Sejal Shah, "IOT Based Smart Gas Leakage Detection and Alert
System," International Conference on Advances in Science & Technology, 2021.

APPENDICES
I. User Registration

24
II. User Login

III. Detection of gas leak

25
IV. Implementation Code in Arduino

26
27
28
V. Database

VI. Pin Diagram

29
VII. Web page implementation

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
VIII. System Configuration

40