Editorial

Author’s Information
Dental Update invites submission of articles
pertinent to general dental practice. Articles should
be well-written, authoritative and fully illustrated.
Manuscripts should be prepared following the
Guidelines for Authors published in the December
2023 issue (additional copies are available from FJ Trevor Burke
the Editor on request). Authors are advised to
submit a synopsis before writing an article. The
opinions expressed in this publication are those
of the authors and are not necessarily those of the
editorial staff or the members of the Editorial Board.
Onwards at
the forefront of
The journal is listed in Index to Dental Literature,
Current Opinion in Dentistry and other databases.

continuing education
Subscription Information
Full UK £184
Digital Subscription £131
Retired GDP £93
Student UK Full (2 years only) £54
Foundation Year (1 year only) £74 For time and the world do not stand still. Change is the law of life. And for those who only look
11 issues per year to the past or present are certain to miss the future.
Single copies £26 John F Kennedy, 1963
Single copies non UK £38
Subscriptions cannot be refunded I used the above title for my first editorial in May 1996,1 and it seems appropriate to use it
again, becaue this is my final Comment, but the ethos of Dental Update remains the same.
For all changes of address and subscription As I wrote in 1996, that ‘Dental Update will continue to strive to produce material of interest
enquiries please contact: and relevance to clinical practice’, reflecting what was written in the journal’s first editorial
Dental Update Subscriptions in 1973,2 namely, that the content would be ‘grounded in the realities of the daily work of
Mark Allen Group. Unit A 1–5, Dinton Business Park, the dental practitioner’.
Catherine Ford Road, Dinton, Salisbury SP3 5HZ Being editor of any journal is a privilege, given that an editor is the first person to pass
Freephone: 0800 137201 ‘judgement’ on the work that authors have spent a lot of time writing, and often feel very
Telephone: 01722 716997 close to. Deciding to reject a paper that has been submitted is therefore a decision that
Email: subscriptions@markallengroup.com
should not be taken lightly, but, part of the job of an editor is to be aware of what his/her
Managing Director: Stuart Thompson
subscribers might wish to read in their journal and, hence, it is necessary to sometimes
make difficult decisions, even if those are unpalatable (no pun intended!) to the author(s).
Editor: Fiona Creagh
Given that Dental Update is ‘a clinicians’ journal, written by clinicians for clinicians’, a
Senior Graphic Designer/Production: Lisa Dunbar
phrase that I have used often, it is therefore essential that the editor is clinically active and
abreast of current clinical developments: hence, I made a deal with myself some time ago,
that the honourable thing to do was to leave the Editorial Director position when I was not
so involved at the ‘tooth face’ as in the past. I still see patients, but generally only those who
Part of request a second opinion about their treatment (often having been told that they need
an implant when they do not – there is no rule that says that every lost tooth should be
MARK ALLEN DENTISTRY MEDIA (LTD)
replaced!) or those who have suffered tooth damage in an accident and who need a report
Floor 6, Quadrant House, Sutton SM2 5AS
on their injuries, and how much it will cost to put things right. Another factor is that social
Telephone: 01483 304944 media seems to have become central to life, and it has been suggested that the Editorial
Email: fiona.creagh@markallengroup.com
Director be more active on that: I have no plans to be on X every day! Last reason, the
Website: www.dental-update.co.uk
50th Anniversary issue, published almost a year ago, was, in my view, the high point of my
Facebook: @dentalupdateuk publishing career, given that it provided a history of the various disciplines in dentistry and
Twitter: @dentalupdateuk
Instagram: @dentalupdatemag
took a look towards the future, a true reference text to be kept by readers. I therefore see
the 50th Anniversary issue in similar vein as Stuart Broad’s haul of wickets in his final Test –
namely, can it be bettered? Perhaps by the 60th anniversary issue, but I will not be involved
in dentistry when that time comes!
Please read our privacy policy, by visiting
http://privacypolicy.markallengroup.com. This will
Regrets, I have a few, but then, not too few to mention (adapted, with credit to ‘My
explain how we process, use & safeguard your data. Way’, lyrics by Paul Anka). What are those? First, although this is a clinical journal, I have
occasionally digressed, as did my predecessor Ted Renson,3 into dental politics, although
that is much better left to excellent commentators, such as Kevin Lewis, a co-author in this
DU ISSN 0305-5000
issue, who always has his finger on the pulse of dental political affairs. My comments have

March 2024 DentalUpdate 153

pg153-155 Trevor Editorial.indd 153 07/03/2024 09:41

 Editorial
mainly been related to the so-called ‘New Dental Contract’ of
2006, which, at that time, introduced the UK dental profession
to a nonsensical method of payment called Units of Dental
Activity (UDAs). Why nonsensical? Payment was the same for
one restoration as it was for 10! I railed against this before it
was implemented (writing a Comment titled ‘Dawn or disaster’),
because this would not be tolerated in any other walk of
life.4 However, ‘disaster’ is now facing NHS dentistry, with its
diminishing workforce, with ministers expressing surprise when
dentists decide, almost 20 years on, that this is not a civilised
and/or honest method of remuneration. Now, the final demise
of NHS dentistry is being discussed in the media, with the
worsening problems in accessing a dentist, the funding squeeze,
and other factors creating a widespread crisis. The Health and
Social Care Select Committee has called for fundamental reform
to end the crisis of access, and the government promised a
Dental Recovery Plan, which, at the time of writing, has just been
released. Whether the offer of £20k to set up an NHS practice
in a rural area, a slightly increased UDA value for some, or an
additional payment for taking on patients who have not had a
‘check-up for years’ will reverse the trend out of the NHS remains
to be seen. I remain of the view that it is UDAs that are the
main bugbear, and as mentioned in the recent report from the
Nuffield Trust,5 ‘UDAs were envisaged at the time as a short-term
transitional arrangement towards contracting arrangements
which would fully promote and incentivise preventative care,
maintenance and continuity alongside necessary treatment’.
However, the transition didn’t come about, and UDAs have
disincentivised NHS dentists. Now, dentists will need to be
incentivised and funded to deliver additional activity to increase
access and reduce the backlog of work, but, as I alluded to
recently, it might be too late.
The recently published report from the Nuffield Trust5 spells
out the perilous state of NHS dentistry. Readers will be aware
of many of them: growing difficulties with access to dentistry;
poor public perceptions about access and cost; charges growing
well above inflation; persistent inequalities in access and
outcomes; wide variations in treatment between regions; NHS
underspending on dentistry; concerns about the workforce and
the availability of NHS dentists; and, lastly, a contract that is unfit
for purpose.
Is there a solution? Let me first state that I understand that
the Exchequer will wish to retain a cash-limited solution. The
problem is surely that they have not had, or provided, sufficient
cash. The previous contract reform trials ended suddenly in
tears, so, if something new is to be developed, it surely must
be evaluated – but not for more than 10 years, as previously.
A solution could be to allow NHS dentists to again have a ‘list’
of patients for whom they are responsible, as part of a well-
designed capitation scheme. Aha, readers say, that does not
allow any room for expanding one’s practice, for those who
might wish to do so. Therefore, a cash-limited fund would have
to be set up to allow (fee-per-item) treatment to be carried
out on patients who have expressed a desire to improve their
oral health, alongside dentists who were willing to treat such
patients. Such dentists would apply for the funding, presumably
having met certain criteria, and, having made the patients
‘dentally fit’ (to borrow a phrase from the past), they would
enter into the NHS capitation system. The Reference Dental
Officer system, or similar, would be revived, in order to guard
154 DentalUpdate
pg153-155 Trevor Editorial.indd 154
against supervised neglect. Indeed, in my view, it has been a
scandal that since 2006 much public money has been spent on
NHS dentistry with not so much as a check to ascertain (a) that
the treatment claimed for has been carried out, and (b) to a
reasonable standard. I find it hard to believe that in these days of
financial probity, this has never been a source of questioning in
Parliament. Hopefully, sense will prevail, and a scheme devised.
Otherwise, the days of NHS dentistry are seriously numbered.
Another sadness is my failure to influence and/or halt the
continuing sacrifice of dental enamel (and, often, dentine
also) on the altar of dental cosmetics, with no thought of the
survival of the treated tooth (treated is not the right word,
butchered sometimes is!) Another commentator who uses
words much more eloquently than I, namely, Martin Kelleher,
also an author in this issue, has warned of the evils, the damage,
caused by wanton destruction of teeth for only one reason, it
seems: money. I quoted another great commentator, Gordon
Christensen,6 some time back when he wrote about ‘Too
many crowns’, stating ‘Crowns are considered to be an easy
treatment’, and, ‘The revenue produced by crowns is among
the highest in dentistry when compared with that produced by
other treatments’, and ‘There are numerous more conservative
procedures that can be used instead of crowns’. Need I say more?
Alas, while my campaign against tooth destruction for
veneers may have borne fruit, Instagram is now awash with
evidence of gross tooth destruction for the dubious intent
of instant straight white (crowned) teeth. This seems to have
led to the rise of so-called ‘Turkey teeth’, where patients who
cannot obtain affordable treatment in the UK travel abroad to
receive low-cost treatment, later to find that it is not what they
expected. On the other hand, it is only recently that a warning
was published showing that the dangers of overtreatment are
not confined to dentists abroad, with Koray Feran7 showing
illustrations of a patient treated in London having a mouthful
of unnecessary crowns and having so much pain thereafter that
she asked for all her teeth to receive root canal fillings. I have
also seen such gross overtreatment at first hand in Birmingham.
What can be done to halt this drift away from professional
behaviours to that of the money-grabbing salesman, i.e. outright
commercialism? But, patients are patients, and some seemingly
can be led to believe that a mouthful of white ceramic is much
better than a mouthful of enamel and dentine. Martin Kelleher8
has termed this ‘porcelain ‘ornography’! More of that, and the
profession will be back with the barbers, from whence the Royal
Colleges were derived.
In the same vein, recent reports of the American rapper,
singer, songwriter, record producer, and fashion designer,
Ye (previously known as Kanye West) reportedly spending
US$850,000 on shapeless titanium upper ‘teeth’ (the inverted
commas are mine because they look nothing like teeth), to add
to the diamond encrusted lower teeth that he received some
years back. Worse still is the report that he designed the tooth
structure himself. More worrying still is that, as an influencer,
others will be hoodwinked into having similar treatment, but
not at such great expense, since, given that Ye is estimated to be
worth around US$400 million, the US$850,000 is a drop in his
ocean. Questions must be asked, did a dentist actually carry out
the treatment, and, if so, had he missed the seminars on dental
ethics at dental school? According to media reports, Kanye’s new
’denture’ was fitted by one Dr Thomas Connelly in Beverly Hills,
March 2024
07/03/2024 09:41
 Editorial

alongside Naoki Hayashi, a Master Dental Technician. The question I am delighted to hand over the Editorial Director role to
is – had Ye taken lessons in emergence profile before designing Professor Ewen McColl, a prolific author with a great grasp of
his own ‘teeth’? And, is the Commission on Dental Accreditation contemporary dentistry in the UK and the world at large. He has
(CODA) seeking to interview Dr Connelly, given that they hold wide experience in both primary and secondary dental care: I am
the registration of dentists in the US, in the same way as the therefore certain that Ewen has a great awareness of what the
General Dental Council do in the UK? Hopefully the sensible readers of Dental Update will expect to read in future issues, and
readers of Dental Update will resist the dollars or pounds offered I expect him to inject new ideas that will enable Dental Update
by unknowing patients who do not value their own enamel and to go from strength to strength. An introduction to him follows
dentine. Hopefully they are also all aware of the ‘daughter test’, this Comment.
the essence of which is ‘would you carry out this treatment for
PS: I will finish with a ps, as I often have done, as new thoughts
your daughter’, and, if not, seek an alternative solution.9
come into my head! The Editorial Director’s job has grown
Sir Nairn Wilson,10 in his well-documented history of Dental
enormously since I took over – more than twice the number of
Update in the 50th anniversary issue, mentioned the themes
pages per issue, which equates to more than twice the number
upon which I have touched in my previous 260 (or thereabouts!)
of articles to be reviewed, checked and checked again. I have
Comments, but there are a few quotations that I have used,
therefore agreed to stay on in the background for a time, but will
which perhaps bear repetition. Don’t ask me how I thought of
stop when the new Editorial Director has ‘learnt the ropes’, which
writing about Pythagoras,11 but I did! His theory for life was:
hopefully will give me the time to learn to speak French properly
‘Consider your works of the day, where did I go, where did I not (albeit with a Northern Ireland accent!) and read music as well as I
go, what did I do or not do that I should have done.’
did when I was 12 years old!
The application of this to our daily lives is that it is easy to
succumb to the pressures of running a busy list and take a short References
cut that will produce a restoration that will suffice as the patient 1. Burke FJT. Onwards at the forefront of continuing education. Dent
leaves the surgery, but whose longevity might be compromised. Update 1996; 23: 137.
The reflective practitioner, on considering such a situation, 2. Renson CE. A new dental journal. Dent Update 1973; 1: 5–6.
will take steps to avoid its recurrence. And, writing about the 3. Renson CE. Twenty years on. Dent Update 1993; 20: 138–139.
necessity of using peer-reviewed journals (such as Dental 4. Burke FJ. Dawn or disaster. Dent Update 2004; 31: 65.
Update) to find the evidence upon which we plan our patients’ 5. Williams W, Fisher E, Edwards N. Bold action or slow decay? The state
treatment, I quoted Charles Dickens (1812–1870) (Hard times)12: of NHS dentistry andfuture policy actions. 2023. The Nuffield Trust.
‘Facts alone are wanted in life. Plant nothing else, and root out Available at: www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/research/bold-action-or-slow-
everything else. Stick to facts!’ decay-the-state-of-nhs-dentistry-and-future-policy-actions (accessed
Finally, thanks to all authors who have sent their work for February 2024).
consideration for publication in Dental Update and who have 6. Christensen GJ. Too many crowns? J Am Dent Assoc 2013; 144: 1174–
graciously put up with my comments, reviewers’ comments, 1176. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0037
requests for changes to articles, etc. Thanks are also due to the 7. Feran K. How do we manage the aftermath of maximally invasive
superb Editorial Board for their wise guidance: Edwina Kidd, who cosmetic dental treatment? Addressing the clinical and ethical
was on the Editorial Board when I arrived as Editorial Director dilemmas facing dental teams following extensive dental treatment
and still gives us the benefit of her views, deserves a mention. elsewhere. Br Dent J 2023; 235: 802–803. https://doi.org/10.1038/
Most of all, thanks to Dental Update’s readers. Finally, thanks are s41415-023-6552-8
also due to the talented team who are responsible for creating, 8. Kelleher MGD. Porcelain pornography. Faculty Dent J 2011; 2: 134–141.
eleven times per year, the attractive publication that we all know 9. Kelleher MG. The ‘daughter test’ in aesthetic (‘esthetic’) or cosmetic
and love, Dental Update. Longstanding colleagues in publishing dentistry. Dent Update 2010; 37: 5–11.
such as Lisa Dunbar, Fiona Creagh, and her predecessor Angela 10. Wilson NHF. Dental Update. Fifty years and still going strong. Dent
Stroud, and the publisher Stuart Thompson, and, more recently Update 2023; 50: 325–330.
Rob Yates, are among those who deserve mention. Apologies to 11. Burke FJT. Reflections on Pythagoras. Dent Update 2003; 30: 409.
those who I have not mentioned. 12. Burke FJT. Sticking to facts. Dent Update 2003; 30: 57.

Call for Technique Tips

Technique Tips
Technique Tips
Tips
Technique Technique Tips

Tips
TechniquixeTech Technique Tip
Technique Tips nique Dental extra s
Occlusal Matr ction forceps:
choose wise
Correction of Retention Deficiency in Complete Denture Base technique is
useful in suitably
Dent Update
2023; 50: 147-149 ly

Do you have an interesting and handy tip

Debolina Bishayl Kavya Suvarna
2023; 50: 712 Overall, the to be effective
Dent Update into which a and can prove
Dent Update 2023; 50: 307-308 occlusal surface selected cases, Surmayee Singh, Arindam Dutta and Manuel S Thomas
applied on the by 1–2 mm, results.
was slowly immersed (Figure 2). with desired Dental extraction
has been bristle brush s
matrix technique 1 The technique cured for 60
seconds common surgical are the most
The occlusal and then light to intervention Handles
in recent articles. and examined References Saraiva J et al.
an essential
. Aesthetic
skill for general and are

Technique Tips
documented ion of the This was removed features had been ER, Paula A,
the reproduct with 1. Carneiro teeth using
practitioners.
different dental
aims to enhance gy and anatomy, along ensure that
the occlusal The of posterior Forceps have Hinge
l used as a matrix. restoration 231:
centuries and
Br Dent J 2021; existed for
occlusal morpholo ip and functiona 3), and then curing the techniques. their design
sal relationsh cast (Figure and prior to occlusal matrix 21-3225-3
little in this has varied
the inter-occlu y used for restoring org/10.1038/s41415-0 time. However,
cavity was restored, matrix was used
to subtle
88–92. https://doi.
A Reflection on Mouth Mirrors: Types, Usage and Modifications
is commonl differences
e CM, Gonzalez-
contacts. It have been found , the occlusal between

that describes a technique, with plenty

LF, Ferrer-Luqu
lesions, which composite l features and occlusal Martos J, Silveira significant influence forceps can have a
teeth using
occlusal caries sites for caries define the anatomica4).
2. of posterior on the success
the most prevalent López S. Restoration dental extraction
J Dent Res of
to be one of adolescents, 2 morphology
(Figure and effective. technique. Indian s. This article
in children and very simple occlusal matrix conventional
org/10.4103/0970- reviews
development l susceptibility. The technique
is https://doi. dental forcep
to their anatomica be that when 2010; 21:: 596–599. and discusses anatomy
mainly due is its limitations may the Abstract: The mouth mirror is an essential tool in the dental armamentarium. Among its many functions, the most significant is
e of such technique in However, its access and 9290.74231 handles, hinges factors of material,
l resorption
as
The advantag
ility and reduction restoring posterior cavities, if a more rigid WK. Pre-eruptive
intracorona
consideration 22:and beaks,
which need
being able to visualize aspects of the oral cavity that are not accessible visually with an appropriate operator posture. Various mouth
so Seow Dent 2000; Beaks are available and can differ in their design, head size and reflective surface. While in use, clinicians may encounter multiple
simplicity, predictab limited, more 3. Pediatr when mirrors
3 vision can be fill, is used then
the
an entity of
occult caries. for dental extraction choosing forceps Figure 1. Convention
clinical time. present such as bulk ised al dental forceps circumstances that can hamper the quality of the reflected image. This in turn can negatively influence the diagnosis and treatment
Figure 3. Heated compound green stick impression addition to seal deficient of occlusal caries composite, maybe comprom Forceps have
s. anatomy.
Below is a case 1). The 370–376. delivered. Hence, the purpose of this Technique Tip is to provide information on various designs of mouth mirrors as well as to provide
molar (Figure a technique been used to
PPS and seal gap. use of such the matrix. teeth for centuries extract a
left second
lubricated with of rigidity within solutions to counter the challenges associated with the use of mouth mirrors.

of illustrations and a minimum of text, to

in the lower due to the lack is derived from . The word ‘forcep’
was slightly
Figure 1. Clinical photograph illustrating VLC denture base elevation away from occlusal surface composite was meaning ‘warm’
the terms ‘formus’ b Clinical relevance: Sharp, bright, reflected images may be provided for dental clinicians using simple methods and other equipment
then a flowable associated with the mouth mirror.
the cast due to polymerization shrinkage. Vaseline and ‘taker’, relating
and ‘-cep’ meaning
to their original Dent Update 2023; 50: 792–797
of holding hot use
food on a stove.
effectiveness
of a good dental The
must not be
underestimated forcep The clinical practice of dentistry requires instrument in dentistry has evolved and  Working end;
appropriate and
selection can precision in a restrictive environment, the purpose of this Technique Tip is to  Shank;
influence whether significantly
intact during a tooth is removed with tissues that may interfere with the provide an overview of the mouth mirror,  Handle.
an extraction

share in Dental Update? Then please send it

procedure clinician’s access and visibility. A basic highlighting various types, their functions, The shank of the mirror connects
Contemporary .
such as physics forcep designs, yet very important tool that assists the and clinically significant applications the working end (rimmed mirror) with
forceps, have clinician in visualizing and accessing the of different mouth mirrors available to the handle. A mouth mirror can be
be proven as yet to
being dental practitioners.
composite. for dental extractionless traumatic oral cavity, whilst maintaining appropriate manufactured either as a single unit
with flowable
brush used conventional s 1 and so, operative posture, is the mouth mirror.1 (the non-detachable mouth mirror)
Figure 2. Bristle dental forceps
used widely are still Mouth mirrors were introduced in the Parts of a mouth mirror or, alternatively, with the working end
caries. for extraction
molar occlusal roots in humans. s of teeth and early 19th century.2 The earliest mouth Mouth mirrors, also rarely referred to as attached to the shank, which in turn
left second This article
Figure 1. Lower conventional reviews mirrors were made of highly polished odontoscopes or stomatoscopes, have is detachable from the handle. The
Figure 2. Test of effectiveness of PPS and denture’s retention posteriorly by Figure 4. Matt appearance of impression material confirming positive tissue dental forcep
and discusses anatomy Figure 2. (a) bronze.3 Since then, this widely used three main parts: non-detachable mouth mirrors, where
tipping denture posterio-anteriorly. adaptation and regain of PSS and denture’s retention. material, handles, The grip is closer

to Fiona Creagh:
hinges and to the hinge, the rim, shank, and handle are made
beaks, factors while in (b)
consideration that need the grip is further of polymer, are either disposable or
when from the hinge.
for dental extraction choosing forceps autoclavable (Figure 1a).
s. (Figure 1). Modern Debolina Bishayi, BDS, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Detachable mouth mirrors are
Denture retention is one of the most seal, neuromuscular control and gravity.3 overall retention of the denture.3 Maxillary forceps will
of these compone have each Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Kavya Suvarna, BDS, Manipal
important denture aspects in an edentulous The posterior palatal seal (PSS) ‘is the soft denture bases can become loose owing Forcep anatom nts and are aligned Material College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal,
usually comprise a metal shank that
patient’s satisfaction and treatment tissue area at or beyond the junction of the to acrylic shrinkage and base elevation in Basic dental
y with Internatio
nal Organisat can be removed from the handle. This
extraction forcep Standardization ion for The ISO requireme Karnataka, India. Surmayee Singh, BDS, Department of Conservative Dentistry and feature is useful since the working end
acceptance. It is related to prosthesis security hard and soft palates on which pressure, the mid-palatal region, leading to a loss consists of handles, anatomy (ISO) standards nts dictate that Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy
. a hinge and requirements and forceps must dental can be replaced when the quality of
during socialization as well as comfort within physiological limits, can be applied of the PSS.5 This can be problematic with
Figure 4. Final
restoration
beaks for forcep material, outline Grade B or C
be manufact
ured from of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India. Arindam Dutta, BDS, MDS, MFDS
during eating and speaking.1,2 Complete by a denture to aid in retention’.4 PSS is temporary bases during the critical stages and intended design stainless the mirror deteriorates after repeated
enough to withstand steel, being strong

fiona.creagh@markallengroup.com
function for RCPS (Glasg), MEndo RCS (Edin), FDS (Rest Dent) RCS (Eng), DDS (Edin), FDS (Edin),
denture retention relates to several physical particularly considered a prime factor for of jaw-relation and try-in, as well as being safe use.2 use, disinfection and sterilization. The
matrix. Carla Cert for the extraction the forces required Interim Director for Taught Postgraduate Programs, Program Lead for Postgraduate
and oral factors such as adhesion and optimum maxillary denture retention, and disappointing with permanent bases when Figure 3. Occlusal nd), Fleming, BDS, MJDF of teeth and joints in these detachable mirrors can
), FFGDP(Lo
BDS, MJDF RCS RCS (Eng), Dip also having Endodontology (MClinDent), Senior Clinical Lecturer in Endodontology/Honorary
cohesion forces, interstitial pressure, border its loss can significantly compromise the the denture is finally inserted. MSc(Lond ), ILM(Lond (Eng), Dip TLHP, Con Sed, Consultan be categorized as either simple stem
S(Ireland ), Associate Specialist Speciality Registrar t Senior Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical
(European thread) or cone and socket
d), MGDS,RC
ond), MJDF(Lon Camana Bay, Cayman
Islands. MMEd, MSt, and Honorary in Oral Surgery, Lecturer in Oral Surgery, and Lifesciences, Cardiff University. Manuel S Thomas, BDS, MDS, Department of
), MFGDP(L MFDS, MOral Senior Lecturer Royal London Bristol (American thread) (Figure 1b).4 The
c), FDS(Lond Private Practice, 2023ns4@nhs.nSurg, FHEA FDS(OS),
email: laura.colli in Oral and
Maxillofacial Hospital. ChristophDental Hospital. Laura Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore,
Murbay, BDS(ManInterest in Prosthodontics, September RCS Ed, Consultan Surgery, er Bell, BDS, Collins, mouth mirror handle can be made of
Sittana Elfadil,, DDS, MFD RCSI, DChDent Pros, FFD RCSI, Assistant Professor in Prosthodontics, Department of Clinical Sciences, College Sukhdeep et t Senior Lecturer Bristol Dental Hospital. MSc, FDSRCS Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
FICD, Special Mark Gormley, (Eng), metal with serrations in the grip area to
of Dentistry; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Ment RCS Eng, ay@hotmail.co.uk February 2023 in Oral Surgery,
Bristol Dental , BDS (Hons), email: manuel.st@manipal.edu
prevent slippage. Silicone handles, which
email: sittana.ahmed@ajman.ac.ae email: sukimurb 31/08/2023
15:23 Hospital.
792 DentalUpdate October 2023
date
April 2023 DentalUpdate 307 712 DentalUp pg147-149
Collins TT.indd
147
DentalUpdate
147pg792-797 Thomas TT.indd 792 02/10/2023 13:54

pg307-308 Ahmed TT.indd 307 06/04/2023 12:10 TT.indd 712

pg712 Murbay

07/02/2023
13:29

March 2024 DentalUpdate 155

pg153-155 Trevor Editorial.indd 155 07/03/2024 09:41