Existentialism on modern matters

The Exhausted Self: Navigating the Burnout Society with Byung-Chul Han

Byung-Chul Han, a prominent Korean-German philosopher, has become a

leading voice in critiquing the ills of late capitalism and the technological age. His
philosophy centers around the concept of the "burnout society," a world characterized
by an excessive positivity, an achievement imperative, and a resulting sense of
exhaustion and alienation.

Here are some key aspects of Han's philosophy:

• The Tyranny of Positivity: Our society, Han argues, is obsessed with

achievement, self-optimization, and happiness. This relentless positivity creates
pressure to constantly perform and excel, leaving no room for negativity, such as
boredom or failure. These negative experiences, however, are crucial for growth
and reflection.
• Self-Exploitation in the Neoliberal Age: The traditional class struggle of
capitalism has morphed into a system of self-exploitation. With the rise of the "gig
economy" and the blurring of lines between work and leisure, individuals become
their own entrepreneurs, pressured to constantly self-brand and market
themselves. This leads to exhaustion and a sense of being constantly "on."
• The Information Deluge and the Loss of Aura: The constant barrage of
information and connectivity in the digital age overwhelms our senses. Objects,
once imbued with a certain "aura" or mystery, are replaced by fleeting digital
"non-objects." This informatization erodes our ability to focus and experience
genuine presence in the world.
• The Erosion of Otherness: Social media fosters a culture of self-presentation
and exhibitionism. The pressure to curate a perfect online persona destroys the
space for genuine connection and the mystery of the "other." Authentic
relationships, based on shared experience and difference, become increasingly
difficult.
 • The Need for Slowness and Negativity: To counter the burnout society, Han
advocates for a return to "slowness." This includes embracing periods of
boredom, allowing for contemplation and critical reflection. He argues for a
critical reevaluation of negativity, recognizing its importance for creativity and
individual growth.

Byung-Chul Han's philosophy offers a critical lens for understanding the anxieties and
pathologies of the contemporary world. His call for a slower pace, a revaluation of
negativity, and a renewed appreciation for authentic connection provides a potential
path toward a more sustainable and fulfilling future.