2/9/17

Manajemen Program & Project Kesehatan

Yodi Mahendradhata

Aplikasi manajemen

Lembaga

Program

Project

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Manajemen
program
vs
manajemen
project

Manajemen project vs program

• Persamaan
– Berbasis SDM
– Keterbatasan sumber daya
– Perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengendalian
• Perbedaan
– Program: berkelanjutan dan repetitif
– Proyek: temporer dan unik

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Manajemen project vs program

Project Program

Baru, belum pernah Rutin, repetitif,

dilakukan sebelumnya berkesinambungan
Dapat dikelola lintas Dikelola dlm satu
divisi/bidang/seksi divisi/bidang/seksi
Risiko tinggi Risiko rendah

Manfaat berupa Nilai tambah berupa

produk/hasil/layanan yg jadi perbaikan inkremental
tepat waktu sesuai anggaran berkesinambungan

Program kesehatan?

Serangkaian tugas dan aktifitas yang

dikelola berdasar beberapa tujuan
khusus yang bermuara pada
pengendalian suatu (atau beberapa)
masalah kesehatan

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Refleksi
keberhasilan/
kegagalan
program
kesehatan

Program evolution…

Organizationally Professionally
Pilot Model Prototype institutionalized institutionalized

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Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

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Needs assessment?

Examining
Conducting Gathering Analysis and
organizational
consultations information judgment
context

Conducting consultations…

• What to consult?
– The nature of the perceived issue
– Who is most affected
– How to contact and engage communities involved
– Types of programs that have been attempted
– Success and failures of previous programs

• Whom to consult?

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Gathering information…

• Demographic information
• Social and economic factors
• Mortality and morbidity data
• Literature about effectiveness of previous programs

Examining organizational context…

• Current policies of relevant agencies

• Annual reports
• Strategic plans
• Current priorities
• Linkage with other programs

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Analysis and judgment…

• Relationships between contributing factors

• Factors amenable to intervention
• More information required (e.g. FGD, interviews, field research)
• Selecting focus, considering:
– Target group
– Stakeholders
– Funding body
– Organizational environment

Needs assessment?

Examining
Conducting Gathering Analysis and
organizational
consultations information judgment
context

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Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

Program development?

Developing Developing Reviewing

Ensure realistic
draft plan Roles resources

Develop
Constructing Organization of
communication
timeframe tasks
strategy

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Developing draft plan…

• Program goals
• Program objectives
• Program strategies

Developing roles…

• Key people to be involved and their role

• Committee
• Working party

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Review available resources…

• Human resources
• Financial resources
• Community support

Ensuring program realistic…

• Gaps in resources
• Worth pursuing?
– Short and long term benefits
– Disadvantages
– Opportunity costs
– Expected outcomes justify resources?

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Organization of tasks…

• Tasks required to implement each strategy

• Sequence of tasks
• Who will perform each tasks
• Quality control
• Indicators
• Resources
• Guideline

Constructing timeframe…

• Overall time to reach objectives

• Allocation of time for critical tasks
• Anticipating time for
– Recruitment
– Travel
– Consultants
– Training
– Meetings
– Etc.

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Communication strategy…

• Professional communication
• Broader communication
• Opportunities to raise program’s profile
• Publicity events

Program development?

Developing Developing Reviewing

Ensure realistic
draft plan Roles resources

Develop
Constructing Organization of
communication
timeframe tasks
strategy

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Program development methods

• Vertical analysis
• Logical Framework (LogFrame)
• Planning Approach to Community Health (PATCH)
• Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnership (MAPP)
• Community Health Improvement Process (CHIP)

Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

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Program implementation?

Ensuring quality Following up Communicating

implementation opportunities progress

Ensuring quality implementation…

• Ensuring managers are clear about what to be achieved

• Clarifying roles, responsibilities and expectations
• Establishing monitoring systems
• Contingency plans

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Following up opportunities…

• Identifying opportunities to raise the program’s profile

• Maintaining links with stakeholders from various backgrounds
• Identifying opportunities to broaden the impact

Communicating progress…

• Recording progress as they occur

• Communicating with key stakeholders to ensure awareness
and support

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Program implementation?

Ensuring quality Following up Communicating

implementation opportunities progress

Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

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Program evaluation?

Communicating
Developing
Assessing results results and
evaluation plan
recommendations

Developing evaluation plan…

• Clarifying purposes of evaluation

• Selecting scale and scope
• Determining methodology
• Organizing conduct of evaluation

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Assessing results…

• Measuring results against objectives and indicators

• Analyzing data for trends, patterns and consistencies
• Interpreting results
• Making conclusions and recommendations

Communicating results…

• Reporting evaluation findings to stakeholders

• Presenting in conferences
• Publishing in journals
• Disseminating to general public

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Program evaluation?

Communicating
Developing
Assessing results results and
evaluation plan
recommendations

Needs
assessment

Program Program
evaluation development

Program
implementation
Program cycle

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Program evolution…

Organizationally Professionally
Pilot Model Prototype institutionalized institutionalized

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