INTRODUCTION

The study of living organisms and their essential properties such as size, adaptation,
function and ecological characteristics is called biology. This article describes some of
these characteristics. Consider that biological size is a fundamental factor related to
major ecological traits and processes. This article discusses Drosophila and human
respiratory function and focuses on how the sizes of both respiratory organs help meet
the needs of this function.

DISCUSSION

Compare the use of simple/small animal (such as Drosophila) and complex/large animal
(such as human) organ systems to meet metabolic needs. For this comparison, let's
focus on the function of breathing.

In fruit flies, respiration occurs through an internal tube system called the trachea.
Oxygen diffuses directly into the cell through these tubes, and carbon dioxide diffuses
out of the cell and out through the same tubes. This simple system allows fruit flies to
exchange gases with the environment to meet their metabolic needs. In humans,
breathing takes place through a more complex system, including the respiratory system,
which "consists of the nose, trachea, bronchi, and lungs." And the circulatory system
"consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries." Oxygen is inhaled through the
nose or mouth and travels through the trachea to the bronchi and lungs. From there,
the oxygen diffuses into the blood in the capillaries that surround the alveoli (the air
sacs of the lungs) and is carried throughout the body through the circulatory system.

Carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, is carried back to the lungs by the
circulatory system and removed through exhalation. The Drosophila and human
respiratory systems are quite different in their complexity. While the Drosophila
respiratory system is a simple system of internal tubes, the human respiratory system is
a complex complex of organs and vessels that work together to exchange gases with
the environment and meet the body's metabolic needs. network. Expansion, in my
opinion, represents adaptation to respiratory function. for example

1. Larger surface area for gas exchange:

Humans have a high oxygen demand due to their large mass and high metabolic rate. A
larger respiratory system provides more surface area for gas exchange, allowing more
efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. This helps large animals meet
increased oxygen demand and maintain a higher metabolic rate.
2. Improved gas exchange efficiency:

The respiratory system of large animals is often more complex and has more specialized
structures, such as the alveoli of the human lung, which allow for more efficient gas
exchange. This helps ensure that larger animals are adequately oxygenated to meet
their higher oxygen demands.

3. Increased oxygen storage:

The human respiratory system is supplied with more oxygen, meaning it can store more
oxygen and use it more efficiently. This is especially important for meeting sustainable
energy needs.

CONCLUSION

In summary, all living things adapt to different conditions in order to survive. For
example, increased respiratory tract size provides more surface area for gas exchange,
improves gas exchange efficiency, and increases oxygen storage to accommodate
respiratory function. These adaptations help large animals meet higher oxygen demands
and maintain higher metabolic rates.

REFERENCE

Mayo Clinic. (2021). Respiratory System: An Overview. Retrieved

from https://www.mayoclinic.org/anatomy/respiratory-system/basics/definition/
ara-20014594

Encyclopedia Britannica. (2021). Respiratory System. Retrieved

from https://www.britannica.com/science/respiratory-system

Insects: An Overview. (2003). Respiratory System. Retrieved

from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/
respiratory-system

Encyclopedia of Insects. (2009). Tracheal System. Retrieved

from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/tracheal-system