Revision Notes

Class 6 Mathematics
Chapter 2 – Whole Numbers

● Counting numbers are called natural numbers

● 1,2,3,4,5.......... are natural numbers
● Predecessor: Number which is obtained by subtracting 1 from given number
is called the predecessor of the given number.
● Successor: Number which is obtained by adding 1 from given number is
called the successor of the given number.

Whole Numbers
● On adding the predecessor of 1 i.e., 0 in the queue of natural number then it’s
called the whole number
● 0,1,2,3,4,5....... are whole numbers
● All whole numbers are natural numbers but all natural numbers are not whole
numbers.

The Number Line

● The whole numbers are shown on the number line as shown below

● The number line shows that the number on the right side of the other number
is the greater number
● The number line shows that the number on the left side of the other number
is the smaller number

Adding on the number line:

● Suppose a + b is to be found from number line then mark a on number line
then move b unit towards the right of a
● For example: The addition of 2 and 3
Move 3 units towards the right of 2 we will get 5

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Subtracting on the number line:
● Suppose a − b is to be found from number line then mark a on number line
then move b unit towards left of a
● For example: Subtraction of 5 and 3
Move 3 units towards left of 5 we will get 2

Properties of the Whole Number

1. Closure Property
● The whole numbers are closed under addition means the sum of two whole
numbers is always a whole number
● For example: 5 and 8 are whole numbers and their sum 13 is also a whole
number
● The whole numbers are also closed under multiplication means the
multiplication of two whole numbers is always a whole number
● For example: 5 and 8 are whole numbers and their multiplication 40 is also
a whole number

2. Commutative Property
● Whole numbers are commutative under addition means they can be added in
any order the result will be same
● For example: 4 + 2 = 6 and 2 + 4 = 6
● Whole numbers are also commutative under multiplication means they can
be multiplied in any order the result will be the same
● For example: 5  3 = 15 and 3  5 = 15

3. Associative Property
● Whole numbers are associative under addition means rearranging the whole
number in parenthesis and then adding will not affect the answer

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● For example:
(12 + 5) + 6
= 17 + 6
= 23
And
12 + ( 5 + 6 )
= 12 + 11
= 23
● Whole numbers are associative under multiplication means rearranging the
whole number in parenthesis and then multiplying will not affect the
answer
● For example:
( 2  5)  3
= 10  3
= 30
And
2  ( 5  3)
= 2 15
= 30

4. Distributivity of multiplication over addition

● When a whole number is multiplied to the sum of the whole number then the
distributive property of multiplication over addition is used
● For example:
8  (5 + 2)
= (8  5) + (8  2 )
= 40 + 16
= 56

5. Additive identity
● On adding 0 to any whole number gives whole number itself then 0 is the
additive identity
● For example: 9 + 0 = 9

6. Multiplicative identity
● On multiplying 1 to any whole number gives whole number itself then 1 is

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 the multiplicative identity
● For example: 6 1 = 6

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