In Mathematics, number patterns are the patterns in which a list number that follows a

certain sequence.

Example:

There are also many special sequences, here are some of the most common:

Triangular Numbers

1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, ...

This Triangular Number Sequence is generated from a pattern of dots that form a triangle.

By adding another row of dots and counting all the dots we can find the next number of
the sequence:

Square Numbers

0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, ...

They are the squares of whole numbers:

0 (=0×0)
1 (=1×1)
4 (=2×2)
9 (=3×3)
16 (=4×4)
etc...
Cube Numbers

1, 8, 27, 64,125, 216, 343, 512, 729, ...

They are the cubes of the counting numbers (they start at 1):

1 (=1×1×1)
8 (=2×2×2)
27 (=3×3×3)
64 (=4×4×4)

etc...

Fibonacci Numbers

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ...

The Fibonacci Sequence is found by adding the two numbers before it together.

The rule is “the next term is found by adding the two previous terms.”

• The 2 is found by adding the two numbers before it (1+1)

• The 21 is found by adding the two numbers before it (8+13)
• The next number in the sequence above would be 55 (21+34)

A sequence is the set of ordered elements that follow a pattern. An arithmetic sequence
goes from one term to the next by always adding (or subtracting) the same value. For
instance:

• 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, ... is arithmetic, because each step adds three.

• 7, 3, −1, −5, ... is arithmetic, because each step subtracts 4.

The number added (or subtracted) at each stage of an arithmetic sequence is called the
"common difference" (the same constant) 𝑑, because if you subtract (that is, if you find the
difference of) successive terms, you'll always get this common value. Take a look at these
examples:

• 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, ... is arithmetic, because each step adds three.

It means that the common difference is 3.
• 7, 3, −1, −5, ... is arithmetic, because each step subtracts 4.
 It means that the common difference is -4.
• The sequence 5, 8, 11, 14, … is arithmetic as it has a fixed difference of 3 between
successive terms. In this sequence, 𝑑 = 3 and the first term 𝑎1 = 5

An arithmetic sequence is used for the calculation of the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of an arithmetic
progression.

The formula:

Note:
• 𝑎𝑛 = the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term
• 𝑛 = the number of terms/ the term position
• 𝑎1 = the first term
• 𝑑 = common difference

Example:
Given a sequence 3, 9, 15, 21, 27, . . .
What is the 25th sequence of this pattern?

We can see the common difference (𝑑) is 6

𝑎1 is the first term which is 3
𝑛 is 25

𝑎25 = 3 + (25-1)6
= 3 + (24)6
= 147
 1. In each sequence, which number must be deleted or changed so that the sequence
is correct?
a. 2, 8, 14, 16, 20, 26
b. 91, 84, 77, 71, 63, 56
c. 2, 4, 8, 10, 16, 32

2. The first two terms of Fibonacci sequence are given. Write the next six terms.
a. 1, 3, . . .
b. 2, 4, . . .

3. In a meeting hall, there are 30 chairs in first row, 34 in the second row, 38 in the
third row, and continue to add 4 chairs in every row behind. There are 10 rows. Find
the number of chairs in the 10th row.

4. In January 2022, Anggi saved Rp 100.000 in “Sejahtera” Bank. In February, she saved
Rp 150.000, in March Rp 200.000 and so on until December 2022. If the difference
of her saving in every two ordered month is constant, find how much money did
Anggi save in December 2022.

5. The diameter of a papaya is 15 cm. A research shows that every month the diameter
increases 2 cm. Find the diameter of the papaya three after 14 months.

References:
- https://www.mathsisfun.com/numberpatterns.html
- https://byjus.com/maths/number-patterns-whole-
numbers/#:~:text=What%20are%20Number%20Patterns%3F,sequences%20of%20series%
20in%20numbers.