Name: Noel Brylle D.

Vagilidad Date: April 2, 2023

Section: EEE11 Professor: Ma’am Geraldine Zamora

Thermal Expansion

I. Title/Name of Product/Technology/Innovation
ThermoCool: Efficient Engine Cooling System for Optimal Performance

II. Short Description of Product/Technology/Innovation

ThermoCool is an innovative engine cooling system designed by a college student to
improve engine performance and prevent overheating. Using a liquid coolant
solution, ThermoCool circulates through the engine and cylinder head, absorbing
the heat of combustion to maintain a steady operating temperature. The system also
employs air-circulation through fins to cool the engine, providing optimal
performance and efficiency. ThermoCool is an intelligent and intuitive system that
utilizes cutting-edge technology to provide reliable and effective engine cooling,
making it the perfect choice for any modern humanoid vehicle.
III. Discussion of Concepts/Principles in Physics involved in the
Product/Technology
To maintain the proper operating temperature of an engine and prevent overheating,
engine cooling systems utilize the principle of thermal expansion. These systems are
composed of several components that work together, including the radiator, water pump,
hoses, and thermostat, to transfer heat from the engine to the environment. The engine
coolant, which is typically a mixture of water and antifreeze, circulates through the system
and regulates the engine's temperature. The thermostat controls the flow of coolant
between the engine and radiator by opening and closing a valve based on the engine's
temperature. The radiator, which is a heat exchanger, transfers heat from the coolant to the
surrounding air using tubes and fins. The hoses that connect the different components of
the system are made of rubber, which has a high coefficient of thermal expansion. This
allows the hoses to expand and contract with changes in temperature, maintaining a tight
seal between components. Overall, the engine cooling system uses the principles of thermal
expansion and heat transfer to ensure the engine operates at its optimum temperature and
prevent damage from overheating.As the engine heats up, and the coolant expands, the
hoses expand as well. This expansion prevents the hoses from bursting under the pressure
of the expanding coolant, preventing damage to the engine.

IV. Suggestions/Recommendations on how to Improve

 To improve ThermoCool, further research and testing should be conducted to
ensure its safety and effectiveness. Technical specifications and data should be
provided to potential customers and investors. Developing a user-friendly interface,
exploring cost reduction opportunities, and establishing partnerships with relevant
industry stakeholders are also recommended strategies to increase adoption and
market success.
V. Reference/s:

• Pratap S. 2021 Jun 28. The Physics of Engine Cooling. Interesting

Engineering. [accessed 2023 Apr 12]. https://interestingengineering.com/the-
physics-of-engine-cooling.

I. Title/Name of Product/Technology/Innovation
Rivets

II. Short Description of Product/Technology/Innovation

A rivet is a connector or fastener that features a head on one end and a tail resembling a
metallic pin on the other. It has a smooth cylindrical body and is typically made of materials
such as steel or aluminum, though other materials may also be utilized. Unlike nuts and
bolts, rivets are not tightened when installed, and they require specific installation methods
that help form a permanent connection or assembly between parts.
III. Discussion of Concepts/Principles in Physics involved in the
Product/Technology

The manufacturing process of rivets involves utilizing thermal expansion to create a

strong connection between two materials that are being joined together. This process
is known as cold riveting, and it begins by inserting the rivet through pre-drilled holes
in the materials to be joined. Next, the tail end of the rivet is compressed or hammered
using a specialized tool. As a result of this action, the rivet expands and fits snugly
between the two materials. The principle of thermal expansion plays a crucial role in
this process. Initially, the rivet is heated to cause it to expand, and then it cools down,
causing it to contract, resulting in a tight fit between the two materials. The joint
between the materials is secured, making it strong and long-lasting. Hot riveting is
another type of riveting process that uses thermal expansion. In this technique, the
 rivet is heated until it turns red-hot and is then inserted through pre-drilled holes in
the materials. The tail end of the rivet is compressed or hammered, causing it to
expand and fill the holes. As the rivet cools down, it contracts, resulting in a sturdy and
permanent joint between the two materials.
IV. Suggestions/Recommendations on how to Improve

When using rivets for construction, aircraft, joints, jewelry, or home building, it is
important to select a material that is strong, non-corrosive, and compatible with the
joint or materials being used. The size of the pre-drilled hole and its installation is also
crucial as the hole should be slightly smaller than the rivet to allow for the riveting
process to occur properly. The installation of the rivet should be secure and tight, and
the riveting tool should be used correctly to apply the appropriate amount of force for
the rivet to expand and create a strong joint. Lastly, the heating temperature is
important when using the hot riveting process, as the rivet should be heated to the
correct temperature to expand and contract properly. It is essential to monitor the
temperature as fluctuations could damage the joint materials.
V. Reference/s:

• Riveting Process: Cold and Hot Riveting. [accessed 2023 Apr 12].
https://www.pearlitesteel.com/blog/riveting-process-cold-and-hot-
riveting/
• Basics of Riveting. Mechanical Booster. [accessed 2023 Apr 12].
https://www.mechanicalbooster.com/2019/02/basics-of-riveting.html
• Riveting Tools and Equipment. Engineering Insider. [accessed 2023 Apr
12]. https://engineeringinsider.org/riveting-tools-and-equipment/

I. Title/Name of Product/Technology/Innovation

Thermometer

II. Short Description of Product/Technology/Innovation

A device called a thermometer is utilized to gauge the temperature of a specific item or

material. This tool generally consists of a glass or plastic tube that contains either
mercury or alcohol, which expands or contracts as the temperature changes. The
 thermometer uses three common temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
There are various kinds of thermometers, including liquid, electronic, cryometer,
pyrometer, infrared, pill, and nanothermometers, that are used to measure different
types of temperatures.
III. Discussion of Concepts/Principles in Physics involved in the Product/Technology

Thermometers are devices employed for measuring temperature, which use the
principle of thermal expansion to do so. This principle relies on the expansion or
contraction of a material due to temperature fluctuations to measure temperature
accurately. Different types of thermometers that employ thermal expansion include
digital thermometers, gas thermometers, bimetallic thermometers, and liquid-in-glass
thermometers. The liquid-in-glass thermometer consists of a glass tube filled with
mercury or alcohol that expands as the temperature rises and moves up a calibrated
scale. Similarly, the bimetallic thermometer features two metal strips with different
coefficients of thermal expansion that bend as the temperature changes and are
measured using a calibrated scale. The principle of thermal expansion is crucial for
obtaining accurate temperature measurements using thermometers.

IV. Suggestions/Recommendations on how to Improve

To ensure accurate temperature readings, it is important to use a thermometer that is

specifically designed for the temperature range being measured. Using a thermometer that
is meant for high temperatures to measure low temperatures, for example, can result in
inaccurate readings. Additionally, thermometers that use thermal expansion require
proper calibration to ensure accurate measurements. It is important to handle these
thermometers carefully to avoid exposing the chemicals or elements inside, which can
cause damage.

• "Thermal Expansion." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/thermal-expansion-

definition-examples-373401.

• "What Is Thermal Expansion?" LiveScience. https://www.livescience.com/52576-

thermal-expansion.html.

• "Types of Thermometers and Their Uses." ThomasNet.

https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/instruments-controls/types-of-thermometers-and-
their-uses/.