Learning Outcomes (Week 2):

Explain basic concepts about child

and adolescents as learners.
 Why do we need to study
about child and adolescent
learners?
 For the teachers...
Understanding of the typical infant,
child and adolescent development can
help them teach children READING
 For the teachers...
Can help them decide when to begin
INSTRUCTION
 For the teachers...
Can help them decide to vary
INSTRUCTION
 For the teachers...
Can help them identify BEHAVIORS
 For the teachers...
Can help them deal with
AGGRESSION
 For the teachers...
Can help them deal with
AGGRESSION
 UNIVERSAL LAW
According to the United Nations Convention on the
Rights of the Child (UNCRC), generally speaking, “a
child means every human being below the age of
eighteen (18) years unless under the law applicable to
the child, majority is attained earlier.”
LOCAL LAW: According to Philippine law, R.A 7610
or ‘Special Protection of Child Against Abuse,
Exploitation, and Discrimination Act, a child is
“persons below eighteen (18) years of age or
above 18 but are unable to fully take care of
themselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, or
discrimination because of a physical or mental
disability or condition.”
 In summary, childhood is a stage
in a person’s development when
one is fully dependent on a person
(adult).
 Definition of Adolescence in the legal and
psychological perspective

Generally, also in some dictionaries, an

adolescent/teenager is defined as “the period
following the onset of puberty during which a
young person develops from a child into an adult.”
It is also defined as, when looking at its etiology,
“a term derived from the Latin term adolescentia,
from adolescere, which means to ‘grow up.’”
 Definition of Adolescence in the legal and
psychological perspective

UNIVERSAL LAW: Universally, adolescence is

attributed to the onset or beginning of
puberty. (Rachael Smith, n.d)

LOCAL LAW: According to the Philippine

Statistics Authority (PSA), adolescents are ages
10 - 19 years old.
PSYCHOLOGICAL LAW: Adolescence in the
psychological perspective is defined as a stage
pertaining to a person’s development.

In this stage, adolescence is denoted or defined as

1.A time of onset of puberty.
2.A time when a person sexually matures.
3.A time when a person transitions to that of an adult.
4.A time when a person’s development encompassess
psychological, social,moral terrain, and physical
maturation.
 a. Physical and Psychological Changes:
Teenagers who transition to that of an adult, first experience changes when it
comes to their physical (body) and psychological (mental) changes.
In the physical aspect, teenagers experience changes in their body. For the
males these are enlargening of muscles, development of sexual organs, pubic
hairs, etc. Whereas for the females, these are development of curves in their
body, enlarging of their sexual organs, muscle improvement, etc.
In the psychological aspect, children experiences hyperness in the way they
think such as impulsivity, strong urges (particulary sexual), mood swings, etc.
And these are because of the production of certain hormones when we are
transitioning to that of an adult.
 b. Social changes:
Teenagers who transition to that of an adult, also experiences changes
in their social life (they way they relate with other people):

It is said by biology that adolescence is the best period of life because

teenagers' physical and mental capabilities or energies are high.

For this reason, teenagers experience desire to relate with one another,
create and form relationships, and, sometimes, experience sexual things
with other people.
c. Physical movement changes:
Teenagers who transition to that of an adult, lasly experiences
changes in their physical movement (how they want to behave or
move):
Since it is said that adolescence is the point in life when people have
high energies, it is natural for teenagers to seek adventure,
stimulation, excitement, etc. For instance, teenage males would usually
want to do activities that involve plenty of movement such as sports.
And for females, these are usually the same with boys but on a much
more lessened intensity.
LEARNING TASK…
Come up with an object that
symbolize child and adolescent
stage of development.