13] Verb Structures sudha

1) subject + be form + subject complement [noun , noun phrase ,

adjective]

Hanu is a teacher.
The dish is hot.
The film is controversial.
The present day children are intelligent
Tap water is not fresh.
He was absent.

complement......complete sense
be forms........am , is ,are, was, were
subject......performer

2) subject + intransitive
verb

Some people travel.

Dogs bark.
The moon rose.
Squirrels don't run.
They laugh.
The birds sing.

[ intransitive verb - no direct object /action verb]

3) subject + be form + verb complement

The photograph was on the table.

The bird is in the nest.
The guests were in the hall.
The child is not in the cradle
The doctor was in the operation theatre.
The director is in the office.

verb complement........shows where it is

4) There + be form + real subject + verb
complement

There are dogs in the street.

There is a lizard on the wall.
There was a snake in the garden.
There is a fire in the forest.
There was a confusion among the
members.
There are ants in the sugar.

5) subject + verb + subject complement

They sell fruits.

She loves music.
We draw picture.
Some hamlets don't receive mobile signals.
We sent message to all the members.
They displayed a notice on the wall.

6) subject + transitive verb + object

Pollution poisons the air.

Mother cooks food.
Teacher taught a lesson.
The gardener watered the plants.
He withdrew the money.
She clarified the doubts.

7) sub + verb + object + object complement.

The children kept the windows closed.

We elected her chairperson.
They made him their leader.
He did not get the mobile repaired.
They chose her their leader.
We don't find her competent.
8) subject + has/have/had + noun

They have a flat.

She has a car.
We have a house.
Sonu had a bicycle.
Saini has a dog. / a friend.
Bala has a bike / an umbrella.

9) subject + transitive verb + indirect object + direct object.

I sent him a message.

They told us a story.
Hanu gave her a gift.
He gifted her a car.
We brought them a book.
I did not write him a letter.
They taught him a lesson.
[indirect object - not primary object]
[direct object - recipient of the action of transitive verb]

10) sub + transitive verb + direct object + prep+ indirect object

I sent a message to him.

They told a story to us.
Naresh bought a dictionary for his sister.
We brought a book for them.
They taught a lesson to him.
I did not write a letter to him.

11) subject + transitive verb + indirect object + direct object + adverbial

I sent him a message yesterday.
They told us a story in the class.
Hanu gave her a gift on her birthday.
He gifted her a car sometime back.
We brought them a book long ago.
I did not write him a letter anytime.
They taught him a lesson recently.