JOHN DEWEY - LEARNING BY DOING

CONFUCIUS - EDUCATION FOR ALL / GOLDEN RULE

BANDURA - MODELING
FROEBEL - KINDERGARTEN
JOHN LOCKE - TABULA RASA
SIGMUND FREUD - PSYCHOSEXUAL
ERICK ERIKSON - PYSCHOSOCIAL
WILLIAM SHELDON - PSYSIOLOGICAL
CARL JUNG - PSYCHOLIGICAL
JEAN PIAGET - COGNITIVE
- MAYROONG ISA O HIGIT PANG TAO
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG - MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Halimbawa: Mayroon daw puno sa bakuran.
EDWARD THORDIKE - CONNECTIONISM
- NAIS, PWEDI, MAARI, (GUSTO KO MATULOG)
IVAN PAVLOV - CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
- PAGBATI, PAGBIBIGAY GALANG AT IBA PA
B.F SKINNER - OPERANT CONDITIONING
- “Talaga?”, “Oo”
BANDURA & WALLACE - SOCIAL LEARNING
- MASIDHING DAMDAMIN (Aray!)
KOHLER - INSIGHT LEARNING OR A-HA
- PANANDALIANG KALAGAYAN O PANAHON
LEWIN - TOPOLOGICAL
BRUNNER - CONCEPTUAL CONCEPTUALISM
LEV VYGOTSKY - SOCIAL COGNITIVIST / SCAFFOLDING
PEZTALLOZI - REALIA, FROBELS PROTEGE
- IISANG KAISIPAN
- DALAWANG SUGNAY NA DI MAKAPAG ISA
FILIPINO
- MADALAS NAGSISIMULA SA KUNG/ DAHIL SA
- MAHABANG PANGUNGUSAP
JULIAN FELIPE - COMPOSER OF PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HYMN
MANUEL GUERRERO - FILIPINO DOCTOR WHO DISCOVERED TIKI-TIKI
PEDRO BUCANEG - THE EARLIEST ILOCANO POET ON THE RECORD
DEL SUPERIOR GOBIERNO - FIRST NEWSPAPER IN THE PHILIPPINES
ANAHAW - NATIONAL LEAF OF THE PHILIPPINES
JOSE PALMA - FILIPINO POET WHO SET WORDS TO THE NATIONAL HYMN
APARTHEID - COMPLETE SEGRETION OF WHITE FROM BLACK
AGUSTINIAN CHURCH - FIRST CHURCH IN THE PHILIPPINES
TAGAILOG - PEN NAME OF ANTONIO LUNA
PINEAPPLE - THE NEWEST SOURCE OF ALCOHOL IN THE PHILIPPINES
KOHAUTEK - COMET OF THE CENTURY
SINTAKS/ SINTAKSIS/ - SANGAY NG BARIRALA NA TUMATALAKAY SA MASISTEMANG PAGKAKA AYOS AYOS NG MGA SALITA SA
PALAUGNAYAN PAGBUO NG MGA PARIRALA AT PANGUNGUSAP.

PEN NAMES OF FILIPINO

PROTAGONISTS

ANDRES BONIFACIO - MAY PAG ASA, AGAPITO, BAGUMBAYAN

ANTONIO LUNA - TAGA ILOG
EMILIO AGUINALDO - MAGDALO
EMILIO JACINTO - DI MASILAW TINGKIAN
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA - DIEGO, LAURA
JOSEMA. PANGANIBAN - JOMAPA
JOSE RIZAL - DIMAS ALANG, LAON LAAN
JUAN LUNA - BUAN
MARCELO DEL PILAR - PLARIDEL, DOLORES MANAPAT, PIPING DILAT
MARIANO PONCE - TIKBALANG, NANING, (SATANAS), KALIPULAKO
NICK JUAQUIN - QUIJANO DE MANILA
SAMUEL CLEMENS - MARK TWAIN
SEVERINO REYES - LOLA BASYANG

PEDRO BUKANEG - FATHER OF ILOKANO LITERATURE

LOSE CORAZON DE JESUS - FATHER OF TAGALOG POETRY
ALEJANDRO ABADILLA - FATHER OF MODERN TAGALOG POETRY
MANILA BULLETIN - OLDEST EXISTING NEWSPAPER IN THE COUNTRY
NOLI ME TANGERE - RIZALS LITERARY CROWNING
MAHABHARATA - LONGEST EPIC IN THE WORLD
ALIBATA - FIRST FILIPINO ALPHABET
KUNDIMAN - SONG ABOUT LOVE
AMBITION - CAUSE OF MACBETH,S TRAGIC END
STEVEN JAVELLANA - AUTHOR “WITHOUT SEEING THE DAWN”
PAZ M. BENITEZ - AUTHOR “DEAD STARS”
ARES - GOD OF WAR
STRATOSPHERE - LAYER OF OZONE
FOOD WEB - SYSTEM OF FOOD CHAIN
SAHARA DESSERT - LARGEST ECOSYSTEM
SKIN - LARGEST ORGAN
DINOFLAGELATES - CAUSE OF RED TIDES
PHILIPPINES - RING OF FIRE
TYPE O - UNIVERSAL DONOR
TEORYANG POOH POOH - TUNOG MULA SA SILAKBO NG DAMDAMIN
TEORYANG BOW BOW - TUNOG MULA SA LIKHA NG KALIKASAN
SCANNING - PAHAPYAW NA PAGBASA
SKIMMING - PINAKAMABILIS NA PAGBASA
FRANCISCO LOPEZ - SUMULAT NG UNANG BARIRALANG ILOKANO
MARIANO PERFECTO - AMA NG PANITIKANG BISAYA
SANTIAGO MAGEAN - AMA NG MORO MORO SA PANGASINAN
LORGE PAJARDO - AMA NG PANITIKAN PANGPANGO
ERIBERTO GUMBAN - AMA NG PANITIKANG BISAYA
PASCUAL POBLETE - AMA NG PAHAYAGAN, UNANG NAGSALIN NG NOLI SA TAGALOG
AMADO HERNANDEZ - MAKATA NG MGA MANGGAGAWA
GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA - FRAY BOTOD
LIWAYWAY ARCEO - UHAW ANG TIGANG NA LUPA
NARCISO REYES - LUPANG TINUBUAN
SEVERINO REYES - WALANG SUGAT
LOPE K. SANTOS - BANAAG AT SIKAT
ZOILO GALANG - A CHILD OF SORROW
AURELIO TOLENTINO - KAHAPON, NGAYON AT BUKAS
MGA URI NG
PANGUNGUSAP:

1. EKSISTENSYAL

2. MODAL
3. PANLIPUNAN
4. SAGOT LAMANG
5. SAMBITLA
6. TEMPORAL

KAYARIAN:

1. PAYAK
2. TAMBALAN
3. HUGNAYAN
4. LANGKAPAN
PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS Ag Que La Os Ro Qui Mag Gar Ma Mar Aqui Ra Es Ar Aqui Dut

SOME TYPES OF
GOVERNMENTS :

1. COMMUNIST CLASSLESS SOCIETY – STATE PLANS AND CONTROLS THE ECONOMY

2. PARLIAMENTARY MAJORITY OF PEOPLE VOTED
3. REPUBLICAN POWER COMES FROM PEOPLE

ACTS :

▪ASSOCIATION OF SE - MYANMAR, CAMBODIA, LAOS, BRUNEI, PHILIPPINES, SINGAPORE , THAILAND, INDONESIA,

ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) VIETNAM, MALAYSIA.

▪BELL TRADE (PHILIPPINE - BET. PHIL. 7 U.S

TRADE ACT)
▪KYOTO PROTOCOL - FIGHT GLOBAL WARMING DECREASING GREENHOUSE GASES
(UNNCC)
▪RIO DE JANEIRO - ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CONVENTION
▪TEJEROS CONVENTION - ELECTION – BONIFACIO ELECTED AS DIRECTOR IMPERADOR
▪TREATY ON GENERAL - RECOGNITION OF U.S TO PHILIPPINE FREEDOM
RELATIONS
▪UNDERWORLD- - FULL FREE FOREIGN TRADE
SIMMONS ACT
▪PAYNE ALDRICH ACT - PARTIAL FREE FOREIGN TRADE
MISSIONARIES AND
EXPEDITIONS;

1. AUGUSTINIANS - MOST INTELLIGENT

2. FRANCISCANIANS - SEND MEDICAL AIDS
3. DOMINICANS - RICHEST
4. JESUITS
5. RECOLETOS - MOST KILLED SCHOOLS
MARTYR PRIESTS;

1. BURGOS - YOUNGEST, MASTERMIND OF CIRCULATION

2. GOMEZ - OLDEST, LIKES “SABONG” AND HID THERE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
CRIMES;

1. ABDUCTION - FORCIBLY TAKING SOMEONE AWAY AGAINST THEIR WILL

2. ARSON - SETTING FIRE TO A BUILDING, CARS, OR PROPERTY ON PURPOSE
3. ASSASSINATION - KILLING A FAMOUS PERSON OR PUBLIC FIGURE
4. ASSAULT - ATTACKING SOMEONE PHYSICALLY
5. BIGAMY - MARRYING SOMEONE WHEN YOU ARE ALREADY MARRIED TO ONOTHER PERSON
6. BLACKMAIL - THREATENING TO REVEALS SOMEONE’S SECRETS IF A LOT OF MONEY IS NOT PAID
7. BOMBING - DENOTING EXPLOSIVE DEVICE WITH THE PLAN OF HARMING PEOPLE OR PROPERTY
8. BRIBERY - GIVING MONEY TO INFLUENCE ONOTHER PERSON’S DECISIONS
9. BURGLARY - - BREAKING INTO A HOUSE IN ORDER TO STEAL SOMETHING
10. CHILD ABUSE - THREATING A CHILD BADLY IN PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL OR SEXUAL WAY
11. CORRUPTION - BEHAVING ILLEGALLY AND DISHONESTY; ESPECIALLY THOSE IN POWER
12. CRIME - DOING SOMETHING ILLEGAL THAT CAN BE PUNISHED BY LAW
13. CYBERCRIME - DOING ILLEGAL OVER THE INTERNET OR A COMPUTER SYSTEM
14. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE - BEHAVING VIOLENTLY INSIDE HOME
15. DRUNK DRIVING - DRIVING WITH TOO MUCH ALCOHOL IN YOUR BLOOD
16. EMBEZZLEMENT - STEALING LARGE AMOUNTS OF MONEY THAT YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE
17. ESPIONAGE - SPYING, TO OBTAIN POLITICAL OR MILITARY INFO.
18. FORGERY - ILLEGALLY COPYING DOCUMENTS, MONEY, ETC. TO CHEAT PEOPLE
19. FRAUD - GETTING MONEY FROM PEOPLE BY CHEATING THEM
20. GENOCIDE - KILLING ON PURPOSE A LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY FROM A GROUP OR
 EREA
21. HIJACKING - TAKING CONTROL OF PLANE, TRAIN ETC. BY FORCE, OPEN TO MEET POLITICAL DEMANDS
22. HIT AND RUN - NOT STOPPING TO HELP A PERSON HURT IN AN ACCIDENT CAUSED BY YOU
23. HOMICIDE - KILLING ONOTHER PERSON UN INTENTIONALLY
24. HOOLIGANISM - BEING VIOLENT OR AGGRESSIVE ON PURPOSE; USE TO DESCRIBE YOUTH
25. IDENTITY THEFT - USING SOMEONE ELSE’S PERSONAL INFORMATION FOR OWN’S GAIN
26. KIDNAPPING - TAKING SOMEONE AWAY BY FORCE, OFTEN DEMANDING MONEY FOR THEIR SAFE
RETURN
27. LIBEL -DAMAGING SOMEONE’S REPUTATION BY WRITING LIES ABOUT THEM
28. LOOTING - TAKING THINGS ILLEGALY BY FORCE, DURING A RIOT, WAR ETC.
29. LYNCHING - KILLING SOMEONE WITHOUT LEGAL PROCESS, OFTEN BY HANGING
30. MANSLAUGHTER - KILLING SOMEONE WITHOUT MALICE A FORE THOUGHT
31. MUGGING - ROBBING SOMEONE WITH A PLAN TO RUB THEM
32. MURDER - KILLING SOMEONE ON PURPOSE
33. PERJURY - LYING IN COURT, WHILE UNDER OATH
34. PICKPOCKETING - STEALING WALLETS/MONEY ETC. IN POCKETS IN CROWDED PLACES
35. PILFERING - STEALING SMALL QUANTITIES OF GOODS OVERTIME
36. POACHING - - HUNTING ILLEGALLY
37. RAPE - FORCING SOMEONE TO HAVE SEX
38. RIOT - CAUSING A NOISY, VIOLENT PUBLIC DISTURBANCE
39. ROBBERY - STEAKLING LARGE AMOUNT OF MONEY WITH VIOLENCE/FORCE FROM BANK/ STORE
40. SHOPLIFTING - STEALING SOMETHING FROM A STORE
41. SLANDER - DAMAGING SOMEONE’S REPUTATION BY SPEAKING LIES ABOUT THEM
42. SMUGGLING - TAKING THINGS SECRETLY IN OR OUT OF A PLACE, COUNTRY, JAIL
43. SPEEDING - DRIVING ABOVE THE SPEED LIMIT
44. TERRORISM - USING VIOLENCE, THREATS, OR FEAR, USUALLY FOR POLITICAL PURPOSES
45. THEFT - STEALING IN GENERAL
46. TRAFFICKING - TRADING SOMETHING ILLEGAL, LIKE DRUGS/ PEOPLE
47. TREASON - BETRAYING ONE’S COUNTRY BY HELPING Its ENEMIES
48. TRESPASSING - ENTERING ANOTHER PERSONS AREA; HURTING PEOPLE THROUGH FORCE.
49. VANDALISM - DESTROYING PRIVATE/PUBLIC PROPERTY PURPOSELY
50. VOYEURISM - SECRETLY WATCHING NAKED PEOPLE OR SEXUAL ACTS & GETTING SEXUALLY EXCITED.
SUBCATEGORIES OF
TEACHER
MOVEMENT/MOVEMENT
MANAGEMENT

1. THRUST - PROCEEDING WITHOUT ACCESSING

2. DANGLING - HANGING ACTIVITY BY GIVING ANOTHER
3. TRUNCATION - LEAVES ACTIVITY
4. FLIP-FLOP - RETURNS TO A LEFT ACTIVITY WHILE
CURRENTLY DOING AN ACTIVITY
5. STIMULUS-BOUND - DISTRACTED
6. OVERDWELLING - OVERTIME IN ONE TOPIC
7. OVERLAPPING - MULTITASKING RESULTS NEGATIVELY
ISMʼs IN EDUCATION

BEHAVIORISM - CHANGE
ESSENTIALISM - BASIC/ ESSENTIAL (SCIENCE/ MATH.
HISTORY ETC
EXISTENTIALISM - CHOICE / STUDENTS CHOICE
HUMANISM - BUILD
IDEALISM - ENOUGH IN MIND/ UPHOLDS GOODNESS
PERRENIALISM - CONSTANT / ABSOLUTE / UNCHANGING
PRAGMATISM - PRACTICE/ PRACTICAL / EMPHASIS HOW
TO THINK THAN WHAT TO THINK
PROGRESSIVISM - IMPROVE/ DEVELOPMENT
REALISM - ENOUGH TO SEE/ REAL / CONCERN WITH
WORLD
UTILITARIANISM - BEST
SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM - BENEFIT ALL
RECONSTRUCTIVISM - CONSTRUCT / REBUILDING CULTURE
AIMS OF ERAS

PRE-SPANISH - SURVIVAL AND CONFORMITY

SPANISH - CHRISTIANITY
AMERICAN - DEMOCRATIC IDEALS AND A WAY OF LIFE
COMMONWEALTH - MORAL/ CHARACTER/ EFFICIENCY
JAPANESE - PROGRESS

PRINCIPLES HEDONISM - PLEASURE PRINCIPLE

DOUBLE EFFECT - SACRIFICE FOR THE GOOD OR BAD
FORMAL COOPERATION - COOPERATION WITH WILL
LESSER EVIL - CHOICE OF THE LESS ONE FROM TWO BAD
THINGS
MATERIAL COOPERATION - COOPERATION WITHOUT WILL
FREUDʼS PSYCHOSEXUAL/
PSYCHOANALYTICAL THEORY
1. ORAL - (0-1 yrs. old) – INFANT
2. ANAL - (1-3 yrs. old) – TODDLER
3. PHALLIC - PRESCHOOL
4. LATENCY - SCHOOL AGE
5. GENITAL - ADOLESCENSE
OEDIPUS- SON TO MOM
ELECTRA- DAUGHTER TO DAD
LAWS IN
EDUCATION

PRC BR 435 - CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS

PD 1006 - DECREE PROFESSIONALIZING TEACHERS
RA NO. 1425 - INCLUSION OF THE WORKS OF JOSE RIZAL
RA NO. 4670 - “MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHER”
RA 7722 – CHED - CHED / COMMISON OF HIGHER EDUCATION
RA 7796 – - TESDA ACT OF 1994 / TECHNICAL EDUCATION
RA 7836 - PHIL. TEACHERS PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT OF 1994
RA 9155 - BEGA / BASIC EDUC / DEP ED LAW
RA 9293 - TEACHERS PROFESSIONALIZATION ACT
RA 10533 - K-12 LAW
ACT NO. 2706 - “PRIVATE SCHOOL LAW”

COMMONWEALTH - PERSONS IN AUTHORITY”

ACT NO. 578

PHIL. CONSTITUTION - ESTACS

ACT 14

RA 1079 - NO LIMIT OF CIVIL SERVICE ELIGIBILTY

RA 6655 - FREE PUBLIC SECONDARY EDUC ACT OF 1988
RA 6728 - ACT PROVIDING GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS AND
TEACHERS IN PRIVATE EDUCATION
RA 7277 - MAGNA CARTA FOR PWD
RA 7610 - ANTI- CHILD ABUSE LAW (AMMENDMENT; RA 9231)
RA 7743 - ESTABLISH OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES
RA 7877 - ANTI SEXUAL HARRASMENT ACT OF 1995
RA 7880 - FAIR AND EQUITABLE ACCESS TO EDUCATIONAL ACT
RA 8049 - ANTI HAZING LAW
RA 8187 - PATERNITY ACT
RA 10627 - ANTI BULLYING
SB 1987 ART. 14 SEK. - FILIPINO ( NATIONAL LANGUAGE)
6-9
BRUNERʼS THREE
MODES OF
REPRESENTATION

1. ENACTIVE
2. ICONIC 0-1 YRS OLD / ACTION BASED INFORMATION
3. SYMBOLIC 1-6 YRS OLD / IMAGE – BASED INFORMATION
7+ CODE / SYSMBOLS SUCH AS LANGUAGE
TAXONOMY OF OBJECTIVES COGNITIVE:

BLOOM (LOTS)
ANDERSON (HOTS) ▪ Knowledge
▪ Comprehension o Application
▪ Analysis
▪ Synthesis
▪ Evaluation
▪Remembering
▪Understanding
▪ Applying
▪ Analyzing
▪ Evaluating
▪Creating
AFFECTIVE:
▪Receiving
▪Responding o Valuing
▪Organizing
▪Characterization
PSYCHOMOTOR:
SIMPSON HARROW ▪Perception
▪Set
▪Guided Response
▪Mechanism
▪Complex Overt Response
▪Adaptation
▪Origination
 ▪Reflex movement
▪Fundamental Movement
▪Physical Movement
▪Perceptual Abilities
▪Skilled Movements
▪Non-discursive communication
DALES CONE OF Read
EXPERIENCE; Hear
Picture
Video
Exhibit Demonstration
Collaborative Work Simulation
Real thing

ERIKSONʼS PSYCHOSOCIAL TASKS PIAGETʼS COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

1. TRUST VS. MISTRUST (0-12 months) 1. SENSORY - senses

2. AUTONOMY VS. SHAME/DOUBT (1-3 years old) 2. PRE-OPERATIONAL - imagination
3. INITIATIVE VS. GUILT (3-6 years old) 3. CONCRETE
4. INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY (6- 12 years old) 4. FORMAL
5. INDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION (12-18 years old)
6. INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION (early 20s-early 40s
7. GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION (40s-mid 60s)
8. INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR (mid 60s-death)
MISTAKEN GOALS
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
1. ATTENTION SEEKER – “teacher, notice me”
1. VACUUM TUBES (1940-1956) 2. REVENGE – “teacher, I am hurt”
2. TRANSISTORS (1956-1963) 3. POWER-SEEKING – “teacher, may I help?”
3. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (1964- 1971) 4. INADEQUACY – “teacher, donʼt give up on me”
4. MICROPROCESSORS (1971- present) 5. WITHDRAWAL – “teacher, please help me”
5. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (present-future)

KOHLBERGʼS THEORY OF MORAL

DEVELOPMENT
LEVEL 1: - PRE-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange
LEVEL 2: - CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships
Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order
LEVEL 3: - POST-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY
Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights
Stage 6: Universal Principles

CENTRAL TENDENCY -CENTRAL (MIDDLE LOCATION) TENDENCY

MEAN -AVERAGE
MODE -MOST OCCURING
RANGE -HIGHEST SCORE MINUS LOWEST SCORE
LOW SD -HOMOGENOUS / SCORES NEAR TO MEAN (ALMOST SAME)
HIGH SD -HETEROGENOUS/ SCORES FAR TO MEAN (SCATTERED)
DECILE – 10 grps (D1...D10)
QUARTILE SUSPENSION – 4 grps (Q1...Q4)
REVOKATION -TIME
-CONDITION

DIFFICULTY INDEX
0-0.20 - VERY DIFFICULT
0.21-0.40 - DIFFICULT
0.41-0.60 - MODERATELY DIFFICULT
0.61-0.80 - EASY
0.81-1.00 - VERY EASY

▪POSITIVELY SKEWED -(LEFT FOOT) LOW SCORES / MEAN GREATER THAN MODE
▪NEGATIVELY SKEWED -(RIGHT FOOT) HIGH SCORES, MEAN IS LOWER THAN MODE

HORN/HALO EFFECT -OVERCOMING OTHER TRAIT, EITHER BAD/ GOOD

GENERAL EDUCATION FILIPINO/ENGLISH:
MGA TEORYA NG PINAGMULAN NG WIKA

1. BOW-WOW -KALIKASAN AT HAYOP

2. DING-DONG -BAGAY
3. POOH-POOH -MASIDHING DAMDAMIN
4. YOHEHO -PWERSANG PISIKAL
FILIPINO POETS AND PEN NAMES

BENVENIDO SANTOS -AMERICAN CULTURE WRITINGS

DANIEL DEFOE -“ROBINSON CRUSOEN” (NOVEL)
EDILBERTO TIEMPO -“CRY SLAUGHTER” THAT HAS BEEN TRANSLATED MANY TIMES
ERNEST HEMINGWAY -RING LARDNER JR.
JOSE GARCIA VILLA -“COMMA POET” / DOVE G. LION
MIGUEL DE CERVANTES/ ESCALANDE -MASTERPIECE IS “ DOM QUIXOTE” THAT IS MOST INFLUENTIAL
NICK JOAQUIN -QUIJANO DE MANILA (SPANISH CULTURE WRITING)
PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ -MADE “DEAD STARS” THAT IS 1ST MODERN ENGLISH -SHORT STORY

SAMUEL LANGHORNE CLEMENS -MARK TWAIN “ADVENTURE OF TOM SAWYER” “ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY
FINN”(BEST NOVEL)

SINTAKS/SINTAKSIS/ PALAUGNAYAN -SANGAY NG BARIRALA NA TUMATALAKAY SA MASISTEMANG PAGKAKA AYOS AYOS

NG MGA SALITA SA PAGBUO NG MGA PARIRALA AT PANGUNGUSAP.

PEN NAMES OF FILIPINO PROTAGONISTS

ANDRES BONIFACIO -MAY PAG ASA, AGAPITO BAGUMBAYAN

ANTONIO LUNA -TAGA ILOG
EMILIO AGUINALDO -MAGDALO
EMILIO JACINTO -DI MASILAW/ TINGKIAN
GRACIANO LOPEQ JAENA -DIEGO LAURA
JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN -JOMAPA
JOSE RIZAL -DIMAS ALANG / LAON LAON
JUAN LUNA -BUAN
MARCELO DEL PILAR -PLARIDEL / DOLORES MANAPAT / PIPING DILAT
MARIANO PONCE -TIKBALANG/ NANING (SATANAS)
MGA URI NG KWENTO

1. PABULA (fable) -HAYOP

2. PARABULA (parable) -BIBLIYA
3. ANEKDOTA (anecdote) -TUNAY NA BUHAY
4. MITOLOHIYA (myth) -DYOS AT DYOSA
ASPEKTO NG PANDIWA (Verb)

1. PERPEKTIBO -TUMAKBO
2. IMPERPEKTIBO -TUMATAKBO
3. KONTEMPLATIBO -TATAKBO

KAANTASAN NG PANG-URI (Adjective)

1. LANTAY -WALANG PINAGHAHAMBINGAN
2. PAHAMBING -INIHAHALINTULAD
3. PASUKDOL -NANGINGIBABAW (PINAKAMATAAS)

MGA URI NG TULA

1. PATULA - MORO MORO

2. PASALAYSAY -EPIC / AWIT / KORIDO

MGA AWITING BAYAN

DALIT/HIMNO PAG SAMBA SA ANITO O PANG RELIHIYON

DIONA KASAL
DUNG-AW PATAY (PAGDADALAMHATI)
KALUSAN PAG GAWA
KUMINTANG TAGUMPAY (PANG DIGMA)
KUNDIMAN PAG IBIG
OYAYI PAGPAPATULOG NG BATA
SOLIRANIN PAG SASAGWAN
TALINDAW PAMAMANGKA
PAGBABAGONG MORPONEMIKO

ASIMILASYON PARSYAL (PANGSUKLI) / GANAP (PANUKLI)

MAY ANGKO WIKAIN MO “KAMO”
MAYSUDLONG/PAGDARAGDAG NG PONEMA MUNTIK - MUNTIKAN PAGMUMUNTIKAN - PAGMUNTIKANAN
METATESIS LINIPAD – NILIPAD
PAGKAKALTAS NG PONEMO TAKIPAN – TAKPAN
PAGLILIPAT-DIIN LARU--AN (PLAYGROUND) LARUAN (TOY)
PAGPAPALIT NG PONEMA MADAPAT – MARAPAT

MGA URI NG PANGHALIP/ PRONOUNS

1. PANAO/PERSONAL PRONOUN AKO

2. PAMATLIG/DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN ITO
Number of bones PH of blood - 7.4 – 4
- 206
Number of muscles Largest artery- Aorta
- 639
Number of kidneys Normal Blood pressure - 120 – 80
-2
Number of milk teeth Smallest bone – Stapes
- 20
Number of ribs First transplanted organ – Heart
- 24 (12 pairs)
Number of chambers in the heart Average length of small intestine - 7 m
Number of bones in New born body
- 300 Average length of large intestine - 1.5 m
Number of vertebrae in the spine
- 33 Average weight of new born baby - 2.6 kg.
Number of vertebrae in the Neck
-7 Pulse rate in one minute - 72 times
Number of bones in Face Body Temperature - 36.9o C (98.4o F)
- 14
Number of bones in Skull Average blood volume - 4 - 5 liters
- 22
Number of bones in Chest Average life of RBC - 120 days
- 25
Number of bones in Arms Pregnancy period - 280 days
-6
Number of bones in human foot Largest endocrine gland – Thyroid
- 33
Number of bones in each wrist Largest lymphatic organ – Spleen
-8
Number of bones in hand Largest cell - Nerve cell
- 27
Number of bones in each human ear Largest part of brain – Cerebrum
-3
Number of muscles in the human arm Largest & strongest bone – Femur
- 72
Smallest muscle - Stapedius (Middle ear)
Largest organ – Skin
Number of chromosomes in human cell - 46 (23pairs)
Largest gland- Liver
Largest muscle - Buttock (Gluteus Maximus)
Smallest cell - Blood cell

Biggest cell - Egg cell (ovum)

SOCIAL DIMENSIONS

Philosophy IS DEFINED AS THE QUEST FOR TRUTH BASED ON LOGICAL

REASONING ASIDE FROM THE FACTUAL OBSERVATION.

Branches of Philosophy:
-Metaphysics,
-Epistemology, Subdivisions of Epistemology:
-Axiology and Agnosticism,
-Logic Skepticism,
Posteriori,
Metaphysics - Deals with the nature of being and reality, essence Priori
truth, space, time, causation, essence of God, and the origin and
purpose of the universe Teleology - Explains the purpose in the universe

Ontology - Deals with the meaning of existence and tries to
resolve the question of whether existence is identical with space,
time, nature, spirit or God
Subdivisions of Metaphysics:
Cosmology,
Teleology,
Ontology
Advocates of Skepticism - Pyrrho and Rene Descartes
Agnosticism - Is the doctrine that conclusive knowledge of
ultimate reality is an outright impossibility and claims that it is
impossible for man to prove the existence of God
Morality - Means the distinction between right and wrong
Aesthetics - Is fundamentally concerned with beauty and
standards or tests of values
Posteriori - Advanced the idea that knowledge comes from
experience
Priori - Is the reasoning that knowledge comes from pure reason
alone, and knowledge is independent and comes from
experience.
Skepticism - Is the doctrine that any true knowledge is impossible
and everything is open for doubt

Epistemology - Study of knowledge Logic - Is the science and art of correct thinking and correct
reasoning
Cosmology - Explains and theorized on the origin and the nature
of the universe including creationism and evolutionism
Agnosticism - Is the doctrine that conclusive knowledge of
ultimate reality is an outright impossibility and claims that it is
impossible for man to prove the existence of God
Priori - Is the reasoning that knowledge comes from pure reason
alone, and knowledge is independent and comes from
experience.

Different areas of concern of Logic: Dialect - Is a means of discovering the truth by proceeding from
Induction, an assertion or thesis to a denial or antithesis and finally
Deduction, reconciling the two into synthesis
Syllogism, and
Dialect Types of Human Acts:
Good,
Induction - Is reasoning that is done through the process of Evil,
inferring a general law or principle from the observation of Indifferent
particular instances to a general conclusion
Minor term - Is the subject of conclusion found in minor premise
Axiology - Seeks to rationalize the questions like what is value
and what are the values to be desired in living and the likes Human act - Is an act that proceeds from the deliberate free will
of man
Deductions - Is reasoning through a process that is from general
principle to specific included within the scope of that principle Good - Is in harmony with the dictates of right reason
Subdivisions of Axiology:
Ethics and Ignorance - is the absence of intellectual knowledge in man
Aesthetics
Evil - Is in opposition to the dictates of reason
Ethics - Is defined as the art and science that deals with the
morality of human acts Concupiscence - Refers to the bodily appetites or tendencies like
love, hatred, joy, grief, passion, daring, fear and anger
Syllogism - Is argumentation in which a conclusion is derived
from two propositions called premises? Indifferent - Is when it stands in no positive relation to the
dictates.
Middle term - Is found in two premises and not in the conclusion
Fear - Is shrinking back of the mind from danger
Act of Man - Is an act that does not proceed from the deliberate
free will of man is sometimes instinctive Properties of Value:
Relative,
Major term - Is the predicate of conclusion found in major Subjective,
premise Objective,
Elements of Human Acts: Bipolar, and
Knowledge, Hierarchal
Freedom, and
Voluntariness Relative - Is the subject to change, good for what and for whom

Violence - Is an external force applied by a free cause, which
impairs man’s free will
Habit - Is born of frequently repeated acts
Law - Is defined as an ordinance or reason promulgated for the
common good by the one who is in charge of the society
Types of Law
Bipolar - Is good and bad such as beautiful-ugly
Subjective - Is good for one but not for others
Objective - Has an absolute character
Hierarchal - Is scaled graduation and according to priority
Violence, and
Habit

According to author, Conscience - Is a practical judgment of reason upon which an

according to duration, individual act is considered good, which is to be performed or
according to manner of promulgation of physical, according to evil, which is to be avoided
prescription and
according to effect of violation States of Conscience - Are correct or true certain, erroneous, and
doubtful
Modifiers of Human Acts:
Ignorance, Values - Are anything that can be desired and something chosen
Concupiscence, from alternatives acted upon and enhances creative integration
Fear, and development of human personality

The ID, EGO, and SUPER EGO

are three parts of the human

personality. These three parts
combine to create the behavior of
human beings.

★ The ID IS BASED ON OUR PLEASURE PRINCIPLE. WE WERE BORN WITH IT AND IT ALLOWS US TO GET
OUR BASIC NEEDS MET. THE ID WORKS TO SATISFY OUR BASIC URGES, NEEDS AND DESIRES.

CONSISTS OF TWO SYSTEM: THE CONSCIENCE AND IT REPRESENTS ONE’S IDEALIZED SELF-
★ The SUPEREGO IMAGE. THE SUPEREGO’S CRITISISM’S, PROHIBITIONS, AND INHIBITIONS FORM A PERSONS
CONSCIENCE..

IS VERY ORGANIZED AND IT IS THE MEDIATOR BEETWEEN THE SUPER EGO AND THE ID. EGO
★ The EGO INTERACTS WITH THE EXTERNAL WORLD AND RESPONDS TO INTERNAL FORCES. THE EGO IS
THE “SELF” OR “I” OF ANY PERSON.
● There are three ego states:
the PARENT, CHILD AND THE ADULT.
THE KEY TO A HEALTHY PERSONALITY
IS A BALANCE BETWEEN THE ID, THE
SUPEREGO, EGO. An imbalance
between these three parts of the
human personality can result in
maladaptive personality.

FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
● JOHN LOCKE
Was an English philosopher and physician "Father of Liberalism" ;
to form character (mental, physical, and moral) ; Education as
Training of the mind/Formal discipline ; Notable ideas - "Tabula
rasa"
● FRANCIS BACON
was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator
and author. "Father of scientific method" "Father of empiricism"
● ERIK ERIKSON
was a German-born American developmental psychologist and
psychoanalyst known for his theory on "psychosocial
development" of human beings.
●JOHANN HEINRICH PESTALOZZI
was a swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who
exemplified Romanticism in his approach. "Social regeneration of
humanity" Notable ideas: "Four-sphere concept of life" his motto
was " Learning by head, hand and heart"

● JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU ●FRIEDRICH FROBEL

was a Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer and composer
of the 18th century."Hollistic education"(physical,moral,
intellectual)
NOTABLE IDEAS
moral simplicity of humanity; child centered learning; Famous
novel: "Emile" or On Education; Human Development
● EDGAR DALE
was an American educator who developed the "Cone of
Experience"
aka "Father of Modern Media in Education"
was a German pedagogue a student of Pestalozzi who laid the
"foundation of modern education" based on the recognition that
children have unique needs and capabilities. "Father of
kindergarten"
●JOHANN HERBERT
was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of
pedagogy as an academic discipline. ;
● EDWARD THORNDIKE
was an American psychologist ; " Father of Modern educational
psychology; connectionism; law of effect. ; "Realize the fullest
satisfaction of human wants"

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF
EDUCATION
● IDEALISM 👉 Plato (OWN IDEAS) NOTHING EXIST EXCEPT IN THE MIND OF A MAN
WHAT WE WANT THE WORLD TO BE
● REALISM Aristotle;Herbart;
Comenius; Pestalozzi; Montessori; (EXPERIENCE) FULLY MASTERY OF KNOWLEDGE
Hobbes; Bacon; Locke

● BEHAVIORISM ALWAYS GUIDED BY STANDARDS / PROCEDURE; PURPOSE IS TO MODIFY THE BEHAVIOR

● EXISTENTIALISM 👉 Kierkegaard; “MAN SHAPES HIS BEING AS HE LIVES” / FOCUSES ON SELF- INDIVIDUAL
Sartre

● PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM LEARN FROM THE EXPERIENCE THROUGH INTERACTON TO THE ENVIRONMENT

William James; John Dewey EMPHASIZE THE NEEDS AND INTERESTS OF THE CHILDREN

● PERENNIALISM 👉 Robert Hutchins FOCUS ON UNCHANGING / UNIVERSAL TRUTHS

● ESSENTIALISM 👉 William TEACHING TE BASIC / ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE

FOCUSES ON THE BASIC SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
● PROGRESSIVISM 👉
Dewey/Pestalozzi (PROCESS DEVELOPMENT) FOCUSES ON THE WHOLE CHILD AND THE CULTIVATION OD
INDIVIDUALITY

● CONSTRUCTIVISM Jean Piaget

FOCUSED ON HOW HUMANS MAKE MEANING IN RELATION TO THE INTERACTION B/W
THEIR EXPERIENCES AND THEIR IDEAS.
NATURE KNOWLEDGE W/C REPRESENTS AN EPITEMOLOGICAL STANCE.
RECOGNIZED THAT EDUCATION WAS THE MEANS OF PREPARING PEOPLE FOR CREATING HIS
● SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM
George Counts
NEW SOCIAL ORDER
HIGHLIGHTS SOCIAL REFORM AS THE AIM OF EDUCATION
➡ ACCULTURATION. LEARNING OTHER CULTURE; THE PASSING OF CUSTOMS, BELIEFS AND TRADITION THROUGH
INTERACTION AND READING
➡ ENCULTURATION
➡ CONVERGENT
QUESTIONS
➡ DIVERGENT
QUESTIONS
➡ 90 days
➡ 30 days
PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF
LEARNING & MOTIVATION
● Psychosexual
Theory/Psychoanalysis
- Sigmund Freud
● Psychosocial Theory
- Erik Erikson's Theory of
Personality
● Ecological Theory
- Eric Brofenbrenner's Theory of
Development
● Sociohistoric Cognitive
Linguistic Theory
- Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
● Cognitive Development
- Jean Piaget; John Dewey;
Jerome Brunner
● Phenomenology
- Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers;
Louis Raths
● Behaviorism
- Edward Thorndike; Ivan
Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick
Skinner
● Moral Development -
Lawrence Kohlberg
● Ivan Pavlov - classical
conditioning
● Edward Thorndike –
connectionism
● B.F. Skinner - operant
conditioning & reinforcement
● Albert Bandura
- "bobo doll" experiment;
modelling; self efficacy
● David Ausubel - Meaningful
Reception Theory
● Jerome Bruner - Discovery
Learning Theory/Inquiry method
● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight
Learning Problem
● Richard Atkinson & Richard
Shiffrin's - Information
Processing Theory
THE PASSING OF GROUP’S CUSTOM, BELIEFS AND TRADITIONS FROM ONE GENERATION TO THE NEXT
GENERATION
ARE THOSE THAT TYPICALLY HAVE ONE CORRECT ANSWER
ALSO CALLED OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS ARE USED TO ENCOURAGE MANY ANSWERS AND GENERATE
GREATER
PARTICIPATION OF STUDENTS. HIGHER ORDER THINGKING SKILLS; TO THINK MORE CREATIVELY
ENROLLED BILLS BECOMES A LAW
“LAPSE”
● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory
-SIGMUND FREUD ● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence
● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of life space
● Brofenbrenner's- Ecological System Theory
● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of
- ERIK ERIKSON’S Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w
actual and potential development
● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach
● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology
-BROFENBRENNER’S ● Wilhelm Wundt - "Father of Modern Psychology"
● William James - wrote the "Principles of psychology"/
consciousness
● hypothalamus - brain's stress center
-VYGOTSKY ● Abraham Maslow - physiological needs; "Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs" ; safety&security;
love & belongingness; self-esteem; self-
actualization
-PIAGET/DEWEY/BRUNNER ● John B. Watson - (behaviorist approach) an American
psychologist who established the
psychological school of behaviorism.
-MASLOW/ROGERS/RATHS
-THORNDIKE/PAVLOV/
SKINNER
-KOHLBERG
-PAVLOV
-THORNDIKE
-SKINNER
-BANDURA
-AUSUBEL
-BRUNER
KOHLER’S
ATKINSON / SHIFFRINS
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE ● ONOMATOPOEIA
- when you name an action by imitating the sound associated
● METAPHOR with it.
- is a comparison made b/w things w/c are essentially not alike. Ex: "The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed"
Ex: "Nobody invites Edward to parties because He is a wet
blanket" ● IDIOM
- an idiom is an expression used by a particular group of people
● SIMILE with a meaning that is only known through common use.
- is like a metaphor and often uses the words "like" or "as" Ex: "I'm just waiting for him to kick the bucket."
Ex: "Jamie runs as fast as the wind"
● SYNECDOCHE
● PERSONIFICATION - a synecdoche is a figure of speech using a word/words that are
- when something that is not human is given human-like qualities, a part to represent a whole.
this is known as personification. Ex: referring to credit cards as "plastic" is a synecdoche
Ex: " The leaves danced in the wind on the cold October
afternoon" ● ASSONANCE
- when you repeat a vowel sound in a phrase, it is an assonance.
● HYPERBOLE Ex: "It's true, I do like Sue."
- exaggerating, often in a humorous way to make a particular
point is known as hyperbole. ● METONYMY
Ex: "My eyes widened at the sight of the mile-high ice cream - a metonymy is a figure of speech where one thing is replaced
cones we we're having for dessert" w/a word that is closely associated with it such as using
"Washington" to refer to the United States

REPUBLIC ACTS ● RA #⃣6713

- Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards for Public Officials and
● RA #⃣7836 Employees
- Philippine Teacher Professionalization Act of 1994
● RA #⃣7877
● RA #⃣7796 - Anti-sexual Harrassment Act of 1995
- TESDA Act of 1994
● RA #⃣9155
● Article XIV 1987 - Decentralization; Legal basis of Shared Governance in Basic
Philippine Constitution (Educ.Sci & Tech,Arts,Culture& Sports) 👉 Education
this is the very fundamental legal basis of education in the
philippines. ● RA #⃣7784
- Establishment of Center of Excellence
● Education Act of 1982
(Batas Pambansa 232, Sept 11,1982) 👉an Act providing for the ● K-12 Curriculum
Establishment & Maintenance of an Integrated System of - Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
Education
● RA #⃣90210
● RA #⃣4670 - "An Act to Integrate Information Teachnology into the Public
- Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (June 18,1966) Elementary & Secondary Curricula & Appropriating funds

● RA #⃣10121
- DRMM approval headed by OCO office of Civil defense May
2010

LITERATURE ● CYRANO DE BERGERAC

- poet & soldier noted for his Peculiar nose
● FOLKLORE
- traditionally derived and orally transmitted literature ● "THE ILLIAD OF HOMER”
- great epic poem whose plot centers around the anger & wrath
● FOLKTALES of Achilles against Agamemnon
- reflect the people's beliefs handed down from generation to
generation by word of mouth ● "THE BELLS"
- "If eyes are made for seeing, then beauty is its own excuse for
● EPILOGUE being"
- conclusion or final part of non-dramatic literary work

● GENRE ● CACOPHONY
- distinctive type of literary composition such as epic, tragedy, - literary term w/c means harsh & discordant sounds introduced
comedy & novel for poetic effect

● "QUO VADIS" ● GEORGE BERNARD SHAW

- means "where are you going" - know for his excellence of characterization, swiftness of
narrative & clarity of style.
● HIEROGLYPHICS
- oldest forn of egyptian writing ● EDGAR ALLAN POE
- greatest American writer of horror and detective stories
● ALLEGORY
- narrative whose meaning is beneath the surface● Elegy - a ● RABINDRANATH TAGORE
meditated poem of grief - best known for his collection of poems called Gitanjali/song
offerings
● SONNET
- verse w/14 iambic pentameter lines ● ROBERT FROST
- ranked as one of the best modern American poets.
● EPIC
- long poem w/c depicts the adventure of a great hero who ● GEOFFREY CHAUCER
reveals his country's aspirations; narrates heroic deeds and - Morning Star of English Literature
supernatural happenings w/local actor in w/c people sing/chant
● MARK TWAIN
● SOLILOQUY - "Samuel Clemens"
- speech made by a person who reveals his thoughts
● HARRIET STOWE
● MANUEL ARCILLA - "Uncle Tom's Cabin"
- "How my brother Leon brought home a wife"
● CHARLES DARWIN
● WASHINGTON IRVING - Origin of species
- "The Legend of a Sleepy Hollow"
● LAZLO BIRO
● FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER - invented the ball point pen
- hypochondriac living in morbid fear
● HARRY POTTER
- epic kind of story

VOCABULARY FILIPINO

Emulate IMITATE ● ANG PANUBONG HANDOG SA DALAGANG MAY KAARAWAN

Vouchsafe GRANT (koronang bulaklak)
Abeyance SUSPENDED
Denigrate MALIGN ● FLORANTE AT KATIWALI AN NG MGA KASTILA
Furtive SNEAKY LAURA (awit)
Remonstrate PROTEST
Corroborate CONFIRM ● JOSE DELA CRUZ - TUNGKOD NG TULANG TAGALOG
Gullible EASILY DECEIVED
Germane RELEVANT ● NOLI ME TANGERE - SULIRANING PANLIPUNAN NG BAYAN
Plebeian COMMON (Rizal)
Vulpine CUNNING
Spendthrift SPENDER ● "DOKTRINA UNANG AKLAT NA NALIMBAG SA PILIPINAS
Impolitic UNWISE KRITISYANA" - Fr.
Terse CONCISE Domingo de Nieva
Parsimonious STINGY
Stupefy MAKE NUMB ● SEVERINO REYES AMA NG DULAANG TAGALOG
Pariah OUTCAST ● JUAN LUNA “LA SPOLARIUM”
Wizened SHRIVELLED ● "ALIM” PINAKAMATANDANG EPIKO NG PILIPINAS
Dubious DOUBTFUL ● JOSE PALMA NAGLIKHA NG “HIMNO NACIONAL FILIPINO”
Incriminates ACCUSE ● LIWAYWAY NABIGYAN NG PAGPAPAHALAGA ANG SARILING WIKA
Frivolous WORTHLESS ● LOPE K SANTOS “AMA NG BARIRALANG PILIPINO”
Susceptible INCLINED ● ANDRES BONIFACIO “ANAK BAYAN”
Impertinent IRRELEVANT
Ostracized EXCLUDED ● PUPDOK HINDI KAILANMAN GINAGAMIT NI MARCELO DEL PILAR
Conglomeration DIFFUSION /KINTING KULIRAT
Cacophonous LOUD AND UNPLEASANT ● TEODORO ISANG KILALANG MANUNULAT NG KASAYSAYAN
Carnal WORLDLY AGONCILLO
Aplomb COMPOSURE ● MANUEL QUEZON AMA NG WIKANG PAMBANSA
Candor HONESTY ● CONSTANCIO DE LUMIKHA NG AWIT NA “ANG BAYAN KO”
Contemptuous SCORNFUL GUZMAN
Feeble WEAK ● PASCUAL POBLETE AMA NG PAHAYAGANG TAGALOG
Inevitable CERTAIN

LET EXAM - Questions & Answers
1. Which statement on IQ and EQ is correct?
a. EQ has a greater contribution to performance than IQ
b. IQ has a greater contribution to performance than EQ
c. Blending of both IQ and EQ can make a difference in
performance
d. The contribution of IQ and EQ to performance is dependent on
factors like age and gender
2. Teacher Nikko helped his students recall that stalagmites grow
on the “ground” while stalactites grow on the “ceiling” of a cave
by associating “G” in stalaGmites with ground and “C” in
stalaCtites with ceiling. What did Teacher Nikko make use of it?
a. Visual aid
b. Mnemonic device
c. Audio-visual aid
d. Meaning-maker device
a. Higher law, inalienable rights before alienable
b. Wider social order, the society before the individual
c. Clearer title, the certain before the title
d. Nobler person, God before man
11. Which skills should be taught if Teacher Joey wants to equip
his students with the skill to organize information gathered?
a. Note-taking, outlining, using the library
b. Outlining, summarizing, using the card catalogue
c. Note-taking, outlining, summarizing
d. Summarizing, note taking using the library
12. Annual medical checkup required of teachers is done in the
interest of:
a. Filipino medical doctors
b. Parents
c. The state and of every teacher
d. School administration
3. “Makabayan” as a subject in the re-structured Basic Education
Curriculum is the “laboratory for life.” What does this mean? It is
in this subject where the learner ____________.
a. Will be taught the Filipino strengths and weaknesses
b. Will demonstrate practical knowledge and skills gained in the
other subjects
c. Will be taught the true concept of being “pagkamakabayan”
d. The biographies of heroes who are “makabayan” will be taught
4. In the faculty room everyone is talking about a teacher who is
torturing for a fee from her own pupil who is vying for honors.
What is the professional thing for the other teachers to do?
a. Talk to the parents of the tutee. Tell them what teachers doing
is unprofessional
b. Leave her alone, she might accuse you of meddling in her
personal life
c. Correct her and remind her torturing one’s own pupil for a fee
is unethical
d. As a group, report her to the principal
5. When Teacher Demi presents a set of data then asks the
students to enter a conclusion, generalization or a pattern of
relationship which method does she use?
a. Process approach
b. Type method
c. Unit method
d. Inductive inquiry method
6. Which individualized teaching method makes use of
workbooks, teaching machines or computers?
a. Project method
b. Unit method
c. Programmed instruction
d. Inductive inquiry method
7. I want to elicit more student responses. Which one should I
avoid?
a. Creating an evaluative atmosphere
b. Using covert responses
c. Prompting to covert wrong answers to correct ones
d. Giving non-threatening comments
8. For practice to be effective, which guideline should bear in
mind? Practice should _______.
a. Be done in an evaluative atmosphere
b. Be arranged to allow students to receive feedback
c. Take place over a long period of time
d. Be difficult enough for students to remember and learn
9. Which of the following is a practice in progressive education?
a. Open classroom
b. Study of classics
c. Academic orientation
d. Cognitive education
10. The workers’ rights to form unions or to strike can be
suppressed in times of national emergency. On what norm is this
based?
21. “The greatest happiness lies in the contemplative use of the
mind”, said Plato. Therefore, let us give more opportunities for
our students to do __________.
a. Social interaction c. Role playing
b. Introspection d. Cooperative learning
22. Why is it sound to encourage students to define terms in their
own words? Because ____________.
a. Defining the terms in their own words helps them memorize
the definition faster
b. Students remember information better when they mentally
process in some way
c. They ought to connect the terms that they learn with other
terms
d. This is one opportunity to brush up with other terms
23. Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ______ is to operant
conditioning.
a. A. Bandura c. J. Watson
13. In a study conducted, the pupils were asked which nationality
they preferred if given a choice. Majority of the pupils wanted to
be an American. In this case, in which obligation relative to the
state are schools seemed to be failing? In their obligation to:
a. Respect for all duly constituted authorities
b. Instill allegiance to the Constitution
c. Promote obedience to the laws of the state
d. Promote national pride
14. To be an effective classroom manager, teachers must be
friendly but at the same time be:
a. Buddy-buddy
b. Rigid
c. Business-like
d. Highly demanding
15. Which of the following field of Social Sciences below is more
connected with the study of social traditions and cultures?
a. Theology
b. Psychology
c. Sociology
d. Anthropology
16. When an individual or group adapts the culture of others,
practice them and become habitual, this is:
a. Culture change c. Culture shock
b. Culture lag d. Culture difference
17. Which appropriate teaching practice flows this research
finding on the brain: “The brain’s emotional center is tied into its
ability to learn.”
a. Tell the students to participate in class activities or else won’t
receive plus points
b. Create a learning environment that encourages students to
explore their feelings and ideas
c. Come up with highly competitive games where winners will
feel happy
d. Establish the disciple of being judgmental in attitude
18. Which statement holds true to grades? Grades _________.
a. are exact measure of IQ and achievement
b. are a measure of achievement
c. are necessarily a measure of students’ IQ
d. are intrinsic motivation for learning
19. Which practice does not fit in a classroom that recognizes
individual differences?
a. Uniform requirements
b. Sharing from multiple perspective
c. Accommodating student’s learning styles
d. Various modes of assessing learning
20. Teacher Benny says: “If it is billiard that brings students out of
the classroom, let us bring it into the classroom. Perhaps, I can
use it to teach Math.” To which philosophy does Teacher Benny
adhere?
a. Progressivism c. Essentialism
b. Existentialism d. Reconstructionism
30. To reach out to clientele who cannot be in the classroom for
one reason or another, which of the following was established?
a. Special education (SPED)
b. Informal education
c. Alternative learning delivery system
d. Pre-school education
31. Teacher Neil discovered that his pupils are weak in
comprehension. To further determine in which particular skills his
pupils are weak; which test should Teacher Neil give?
a. Standard Test c. Diagnostic Test
b. Placement Test d. Aptitude Test
32. In the context of multiple intelligences, which one is the
weakness of the paper-pencil test?
a. It put non-linguistically intelligent pupils at a disadvantage
b. It requires paper and printing and is so expensive
c. It utilizes so much time
d. It lacks reliability
b. J. Holt d. B.F. Skinner
33. Out of 3 distracters in a multiple choice test item, namely X, Y
24. You arrange the rows of blocks in such a way that a row of 5 and Z, no pupil chose Z as an answer. This implies that Z is
blocks is longer than a row of 7 blocks. If you ask which row has ________.
more, Grade 1 pupils will likely say that it is the row that makes a. An effective distracter
the longer line. Based on Piaget’s cognitive development theory, b. A plausible distracter
what problem is illustrated? c. A vague distracter
a. Conservation problem d. An ineffective distracter
b. Assimilation problem
c. Egocentrism problem 34. The Thematic Appreciation Test is an example of a (an)
d. Accommodation problem __________.
a. Self-report technique
25. Were teachers in the Philippines required of a professional b. Projective technique
license since the establishment of the Philippine educational c. Interest inventory
system? d. Socio-metric technique
a. No, but the equivalent of a license required was a certificate in
teaching 35. The following are features of the Restructure Basic Education
b. Yes, it was required since the Americans established the Curriculum, except:
educational system a. Increased time for tasks to gain mastery of competencies
c. No, it was only with the effectivity of R.A. 7836 that b. Interdisciplinary modes of teaching
professional license was required c. Greater emphasis on content, less on the learning process
d. Yes, except for the Thomasites d. Stronger integration of competencies and values, across the
learning area
26. The increase in the number of school children left by OFW
parents intensifies the teacher role as ______________. 36. The free public elementary and secondary education in the
a. Student’s friends country is in the line with the government effort to address
b. Guidance counselors educational problems of _______.
c. Facilitator of learning a. access and equity
d. Substitute parents b. relevance and quality
c. effectiveness and efficiency
27. As a teacher, you are a rationalist. Which among these will be d. productivity
your guiding principle?
a. I must teach the child so he is assured of heaven 37. The task of setting up routine activities for effective classroom
b. I must teach the child to develop his mental powers to the management as a task that a teacher should undertake ______.
fullest a. on the very first day of school
c. I must teach the child that we can never have real knowledge b. every day at the start of the session
of anything c. every homeroom day
d. I must teach the child every knowledge, skill and value that d. as soon as the students have adjusted on their schedule
needs for a better future 38. Teacher Honey uses direct instruction strategy. Which will she
first do?
28. A teacher put together the output of her colleagues in one
workshop and published it with her name as author. Which is a. Independent practice
unprofessional about the teacher’s behavior? b. Guided student practice
a. Failing to correct what appears to be unprofessional conduct c. Review the previous day’s work
b. Giving due credit to others of their work d. Presenting and structuring
c. Not giving due credit to others for their work
d. Holding inviolate all confidential information concerning 39. Teacher Janice observes cleanliness and order in her
associates classroom to create a conductive atmosphere for learning. On
which theory is her practice based?
29. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible a. Behaviorism
standards of the teaching profession? b. Psychoanalysis
a. By pointing out the advantages of joining the teaching c. Gestalt psychology
profession d. Humanistic psychology
b. By good grooming to change people’s perception of teacher
c. By continuously improving themselves personally and 40. Which activity is meant for kinesthetically intelligent pupils?
professionally a. Independent study
d. None of the above b. Individualized study
d. Cooperative learning c. Pantomime
41. With which will the existentialist agree? The school is a place LET EXAM - Questions & Answers
where individuals _____.
a. Listen and accept what the teacher say 1. Research on Piagetian tasks indicates that thinking becomes
b. Can meet to pursue dialogue and discussion about their lives more logical and abstract as children reach the formal operation
and choices stage. What is an educational implication of this finding?
c. Can observe by using their senses to the maximum a. Engage children in analogical reasoning as early as preschool to
d. Can reflect on ideas train them for higher order thinking skills (HOTS)
b. Learners who are not capable of logical reasoning from ages 8
42. Which will be the most authentic assessment tool for an to 11 lag behind in their cognitive development
instructional objective on working with and relating to people? c. Let children be children
a. Writing articles on working and relating to people d. Expect hypothetical reasoning for learners between 12 to 15
b. Organizing a community project years of age
c. Home visitation
d. Conducting mock election 2. Research says: “People tend to attribute their successes to
internal causes and their failures to external causes.” Based on
43. Which physical arrangement of chairs contributes to effective this finding, what should be taught to students for them to be
classroom management? genuinely motivated to succeed?
a. Sticks to the traditional chair arrangement in the classroom a. Tell them the research finding when applied will make them
b. Distinguishes teacher from students genuinely motivated
c. Makes it easier to clean the room b. Convince them that genuine motivation is the only factor that
d. Enhances classroom interaction matters for a person to succeed
c. Make them realize that failure is a part of life
44. Each teacher said to be a trustee of cultural and educational d. Make them realize that both success and failure are more a
heritage of the nation and under obligation to transmit to function of internal causes
learners such heritage. Which practice makes him fulfill such
obligation? 3. Which characterize/s a learning environment that promotes
a. Use of the latest instructional technology fairness among learners of various cultures, family background
b. Study of the life of Filipino heroes and gender?
c. Use of interactive teaching strategies I. Inclusive III. Gender-sensitive
d. Observing continuing professional education II. Exclusive
a. I only c. I and III
45. Writing an original essay is an example of which level of b. III only d. II and III
objective in the cognitive domain?
a. Evaluation c. Analysis 4. Which of the following steps should be completed first in
b. Synthesis d. Application planning an achievement test?
a. Define the instructional objective
46. Which terms refers to a teacher helping a colleague grow b. Set up a table of specialization
professionally? c. Select the types of test items to use
a. Technology transfer d. Decide on the length of the test
b. Independent study
c. Facilitating 5. The computed r for scores in Math and Science is 0.92. What
d. Peer mentoring does this mean?
a. Math score is positive related to Science score
47. Which terms refers to the collection of student’s products b. The higher the Math score, the lower the Science score
and accomplishments for a period for evaluation purposes? c. Math score is not in any way related to Science score
a. Anecdotal record c. Diary d. Science score is slightly related to Math score
b. Observation report d. Portfolio
6. Which types of test is most appropriate if Teacher Yanny wants
48. To develop reasoning and speaking ability, which should I to measure student’s ability to organize thoughts and ideas?
use? a. Short answer type of test
a. Debate c. Experiment b. Extended response essay
b. Storytelling d. Role-playing c. Modified alternative response
d. Limited response essay
49. Under which type of guidance service does the concern of
schools to put students into their most appropriate courses fall? 7. If I want to hone my student’s meta-cognitive ability, which is
a. Individual inventory service most fit?
b. Research service a. Drill c. Brainstorming
c. Placement service b. Debate d. Journaling
d. Information service
8. I want to test student’s synthesizing skills. Which has the
50. After having been humiliated by his teacher, a student highest diagnostic value?
evaluates that teacher very poorly, despite teacher’s excellent a. Multiple choice test
performance. Which trait is illustrated by the student’s behavior? b. Performance test
a. Particularism c. Personalism c. Essay test
b. Rationalism d. Impersonalism d. Completion test

9. Here is a test item:

Why is this test item poor?
I. The test item does not pose a problem to the examinee
II. There are variety of possible correct answer to this item
III. The language used in the question is not precise
IV. The blank is near the beginning of a sentence
a. I and III c. I and IV
b. II and IV d. I and II

10. Joanne’s score is within x±1 SD. To which of the following

groups does she belong?
a. Below average
b. Average 21. The criterion of success in Teacher Butch’s objective is that
c. Needs Improvement “the pupils must be able to spell 90% of the words correctly”.
d. Above average Student Dave and 24 others in the class spelled only 40 out of 50
words correctly while the rest scored 45 and above. This means
11. Here is a test item: that Teacher Butch _____________.
What makes the multiple choice type of test poor? a. attained his lesson objective
a. The options are not grammatically connected to the stem b. failed to attain his lesson objective as far as the 25 pupils are
b. The stem fails to present a problem concerned
c. There are grammatical clues c. did not attain his lesson objective because of the pupils’ lack
d. The options are not parallel of attention
d. attained his lesson objective because of his effective spelling
12. If Teacher Betty wants to measure her students’ ability to drill
discriminate, which of these is an appropriate type of test item as
implied by the direction? 22. Which of these can measure awareness of values?
a. “Outline the Chapter on The Cell.” a. Sociogram
b. “Summarize the lesson yesterday.” b. Moral dilemmas
c. “Group the following items according to shape.” c. Projective techniques
d. “State a set of principle that can explain the following events.” d. Rating scales

13. A test item has a difficult index of 0.89 and a discrimination 23. Marking on a normative basis means that:
index of 0.44. What should the teacher do?
a. Reject the item
b. Revise the item
c. Make it a bonus item
d. Make it a bonus item and reject it
14. Which form of assessment is consistent with the saying “The
proof of the pudding is in the eating.”
a. Contrived c. Traditional
b. Authentic d. Indirect
15. Here is a test item:
What is WRONG with this item?
a. Item is overly specific
b. Content is trivial
c. Test item is option-based
d. There is a cue to the right answer
16. A student’s score were as follows: 82, 83, 84, 86, 88, 84, 83,
85. The score 84 is the:
a. Mode c. Median
b. Average d. Mean
17. Which text form would you choose if you want to have a valid
and reliable test based on the table below?
Test Form Validity Index Reliability Index
A .47 .68
B .87 .57
C .20 .86
D .40 .41
E .63 .07
a. A only c. A and D
b. B only d. B and E
18. A mathematician’s test was given to all Grade V pupils to
determine the contestants for the Math Quiz Bee. Which
statistical measure should be used to identify the top 15?
a. Mean percentage score
b. Quartile Deviation
c. Percentile Rank
d. Percentage Score
19. Use the inbox below to answer the question that follows:
Percentage Grades for Final Examination
40 70 80 90 100
Which of the following statement is true about the plot of grades
above?
a. The median is a score of 80 and the range is 60
b. The median is a score of 70 and the range is 60
c. The median is a score of 80 and the range is 20
d. The median is a score of 70 and the range is 20
20. Which can be said of Nina who obtained a score of 75 out of
100 items in a Grammar objective test?
a. She performed better than 25% of her classmates
b. She answered 75 items in the test correctly
c. Her rating is 75
d. She answered 75% of the test items correctly
a. Pretest-teaching-posttest
b. Pretest-teaching-posttest-re-teaching for unlearned concepts-
posttest
c. Review-pretest-teaching-posttest
d. Teaching-posttest
33. Teacher Raymund likes to show how the launching of
spaceships takes place. Which of the following materials available
is most fit?
a. Model b. Mock-up c. Replica d. Realia
34. Teacher June likes to concretize the abstract concepts of an
atom. He came up with a concrete presentation of the atom by
using wire and plastic balls. How would you classify Teacher
June’s visual aids?
a. Chart b. Replica c. Model d. Realia
35. The class was asked to share their insights about the poem.
The ability to come up with an insight stems from the ability to:
a. analyze the parts of a whole
a. the normal distribution curve should be followed
b. some should fall
c. some get high marks
d. the grading is based on a present criteria
24. Which process enhances the comparability of grades?
a. Using a table specifications
b. Determining the level of difficulty of the tests
c. Giving more HOTS (higher order thinking skills)
d. Constructing departmentalized exams for each subject area.
25. If the scores of your test follow a negatively skewed score
distribution, what should you do? Find out __________?
a. why your items were easy
b. why most of the scores are high
c. why most of the scores are low
d. why some pupils scored high
26. Principal Gemma is talking about “grading on the curve” in a
faculty meeting. What does this expression refers to?
a. A student’s mark compares his achievement to his effort
b. A student’s grade or mark depends on how his achievement
compares with the achievement of other students in a class
c. A student’s grade determines whether or not a student attains
a defined standard of achievement
d. A student’s mark tells how closely he is achieving to his
potential
27. Which tests determine whether students accept responsibility
for their own behavior or pass on responsibility for their own
behavior to other people?
a. Locus-of-control tests
b. Thematic tests
c. Stylistic test
d. Sentence-completion tests
28. Which of the following is a weakness of self-supporting
personality checklists?
a. Many personality measures have built-in lie scales
b. They lack stability
c. They may not get true information because individuals can hide
or disguise feelings
d. They have poor internal consistency
29. Which response/s come/s from a behaviorist?
a. #2 and #4 c. #3 and #4
b. #1 and #2 d. #1 and #3
30. On which educational philosophy is response #1 anchored?
a. Existentialism c. Progressivism
b. Essentialism d. Bahaviorism
31. If you leaned toward a progressivist philosophy, with which
response would you agree?
a. #2 b. #3 c. #4 d. #1
32. Teacher Wilson wants his students to master the concept of
social justice. Which series of activities will be most effective?
d. Required for renewal of professional license
43. Which should be done to improve the matching type of test?
a. Capitalize the items in Column A
b. Items in Column A and B should be exchanged
c. Drop #6 item in Column A
d. The item in Column A should be increased
44. Which of this/these is/are essential in constructing a scoring
rubric?
I. Description of criteria to serve as standard
II. Clear descriptions of performance at each level
III. Levels of achievement (mastery)
IV. Rating scheme
a. I, II and III c. I, II, III and IV
b. I and II d. I only
45. Which statement is true of the rubric?
a. It is developmental
b. It is analytical
b. evaluate the worthiness of a thing
c. relate and organize things and ideas
d. comprehend the subject that is being studied
36. To ask the class any insight derived from the poem is based
on the theory of:
a. Realism c. Conditioning
b. Behaviorism d. Constructivism
37. On which assumption about the learner is Mr. Sales’s act of
asking the class to share their insight based?
a. Learners are like empty receptacles waiting to be filled up
b. Learners are meant to interact with one another
c. Learners have multiple intelligence and varied learning styles
d. Learners are producers of knowledge not only passive
recipients of information
38. On which assumption/s is the principal’s action anchored?
I. Students learn by personally constructing meaning of what is
taught
II. Students construct and reconstruct meaning based on
experiences
III. Students derive meaning from the meaning that the teacher
gives
a. II only c. I, II and III
b. I and II d. I only
39. Which materials will her teachers least prefers?
a. Controversial issues
b. Open-ended topics
c. Unquestionable laws
d. Problem or cases
40. Which concept/s of the learner will Principal Evelyn not
accept?
I. “Empty vesse!”
II. “Tabula rasa”
III. Candle to be lighted
a. III only c. II only
b. I only d. I and II
41. How can you make the items homogeneous?
a. Increase the number of items in Column B
b. All items should be on polygons
c. Remove the word triangle in items #1 and #2 in column A
d. The word “gon” must be included in column B
42. What is the main defect of this matching test?
a. The matching type is an imperfect type
b. The items are NOT homogeneous
c. The items quite easy
d. An obvious pattern is followed in the answering
3. You are very much interested in a quality professional
development program for teachers. What characteristic should
you look for?
a. Prescribe by top educational teachers
b. Responsive to identified teacher’s needs
c. Dependent on the availability of funds
4. To ensure high standards of teachers’ personal and
professional development, which of the following measures must
be implemented?
I. A school head plans the professional development of his/her
teachers.
II. Every teacher formulates his/her own professional
development plan.
III. The implementation of what is learned in training must be
monitored.
a. I only c. II and III
b. I and III d. II only
5. As a community leader, which of the following should a
teacher not do?
a. Solicit donation from philanthropists in the community
b. Support effort of the community to improve their status in life
c. Make herself aloof to ensure that her decisions will not be
influenced by the community politics
d. Play an active part in the activities of the community
c. It is both holistic and developmental
d. It is holistic
46. Which is true of the scoring rubric?
I. It describes criteria of levels of achievement
II. It has a rating scheme
III. It limit itself to 4 levels of achievement
a. I and II c. II and III
b. I and III d. I, II and III
47. Which guidelines should you follow for behavior modification
to be effective?
a. Subject yourself to group pressure
b. Work on several behaviors at the time for a significant change
c. Never use negative reinforcement
d. Work on one behavior at a time
48. In which phases/s of change, according to Kurt Lewin, do you
feel the pain?
a. Transition c. Refreezing
b. Unfreezing d. Transition and freezing
49. In the writing of performance objectives for mastery learning,
what is an acceptable standard of performance called?
a. Behavior c. SMART
b. Condition d. Criterion measure
50. Why learning activities should be carefully planned?
a. The ability of the teacher to plan is tested
b. This is expected by pupils
c. The accomplishment of objectives is dependent on the plan
d. This is required of a teacher
LET EXAM - Questions & Answers
1. With a death threat over her head, Teacher Donita is directed
to pass an undeserving student. What will a utilitarianist do?
a. Pass the student, why suffer the threat?
b. Pass the student. That will be of use to the student, his parents
and you
c. Don’t pass him; live by your principle of justice. You will get
reward, if not in this life, in the next
d. Don’t pass him. You surely will not like someone to give you a
death threat in order to pass
2. Teacher Alessandra knows of the illegal activities of a neighbor
but keeps quiet in order not to be involved in any investigation.
Which foundational principle of morality does Teacher
Alessandra fail to apply?
a. Always do what is right
b. The end does not justify the means
c. The end justifies the means
d. Between two evils, do the lesser evil
c. Practice of inclusive education
d. The concentration on formal education system
13. The wide acceptance of “bottom up” management style has
influenced schools to practice which management practice?
a. Exclusion of politicians from the pool of guest speakers during
graduation exercises
b. Prescription of what ought to be done from the Center Office
c. Involvement of students, parents, teachers, and community in
school planning
d. Allowing schools to do what they think is best
14. Material development at the expense of human development
points to the need to do more in school. This is base on which
pillar of learning?
a. Learning to do
b. Learning to know
c. Learning to live together
6. In a highly pluralistic society, what type of learning
environment is the responsibility of the teacher?
I. Safe III. Secure
II. Gender-biased
a. I and II c. II only
b. I, II and III d. I and III
7. A teacher is said to be “trustee of the cultural and educational
heritage of the nation and is under obligation to transmit to
learners such heritage”. Which practice makes the teacher fulfill
such obligation?
a. Use interactive teaching strategies
b. As a class, study the life of Filipino heroes
c. Use the latest educational technology
d. Observe continuing professional education
8. Large class size in congested cities is a common problem in our
public schools. Which measure/s have schools taken to offset the
effects of large class?
I. The deployment of more teachers
II. The implementation of 1:1 pupil textbook ratio
III. The conduct of morning and afternoon sessions
a. I, II and III c. III only
b. I and II d. II only
9. The failure of independent study with most Filipino students
may be attributed to students’?
a. Unpreparedness for schooling
b. Ambivalence
c. High degree of independence
d. High degree of independence on authority
10. The following are characteristics of interdisciplinary teaching
except:
a. Allows learners to see connectedness between things
b. Provides learning opportunities in a real-world context
c. Eliminates boundaries between content area
d. Discussion from a single perspective
11. For more efficient and effective management of school as
agents of change, one proposal is for the DepEd to cluster remote
stand-alone schools under one lead school head. Which factor
has the strongest influence on this proposal?
a. Psychological c. Geographical
b. Historical d. Social
12. What does the acronym EFA imply for schools?
a. The acceptance of exclusive schools for boys and for girls
b. The stress on the superiority of formal education over that of
alternative learning system
22. Despite of opposition from some school official, DepEd has
continuously enforced the “no collection of fees” policy during
enrolment period in public schools. In this policy in accordance
with EFA goals?
a. No, it violates the mandate of equality education
b. Yes, it somewhat eliminates gender disparities
c. Yes, it supports equitable access to basic education
d. No, it does not support parent of adult education
23. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and
less.” Hence, it is better to be a generalist, claims Teacher Fonda.
Which Philosophy does Teacher Fonda subscribe to?
a. Existentialism c. Essentialism
b. Perennialism d. Progressivism
24. Mencius believed that all people are born good. This thought
on the innate goodness of people makes it easier to ________
our pupils.
a. teach c. like
b. respect d. motivate
d. Learning to be
15. The schooling incidents in school campuses abroad have
made school to rethink the curriculum. Which is believed to
counteract such incidents and so is being introduced in schools?
I. Inclusion of socio-emotional teaching
II. The emphasis on the concept of competition against self and
not against others
III. Focus on academic achievement and productivity
a. I and III c. I and II
b. II and III d. I, II and III
16. The specialization requires of every professional teacher for
him/her to be competent is in line with which pillar of learning?
a. Learning to know
b. Learning to be
c. Learning to live together
d. Learning to do
17. Widespread abuse of Mother Earth prompted schools to
teach sustainable development. Which one does this prove about
schools?
a. The curricula of schools are centered on Mother Earth
b. Environment factors influence the school as an agent of change
c. Schools can easily integrate sustained development in their
curriculum
d. Sustained development cannot be effectively taught in the
classroom
18. Which pillar of learning is aimed at the holistic development
of man and his complete fulfillment?
a. Learning to live together
b. Learning to be
c. Learning to know
d. Learning to do
19. A father tells his daughter “You are a woman. You are meant
for the home and so for you, going to school is not necessary.” Is
the father correct?
a. It depends on the place where the daughter and the father live
b. No, there is gender equality in education
c. Yes, women are meant to be a mother only
d. No, today women can take on the jobs of men
20. Is there a legal basis for increasing the teacher’s starting
salary to PHP18,000 a months?
a. No, it is a gift to teachers from Congress
b. Yes, R.A 7836
c. Yes, the Philippine Constitution
d. No, it is simply an act of benevolence from President GMA
21. As provided for the Educational Act of 1982, how are the
institutions of learning encouraged setting higher standards of
equality over the minimum standards required for state
recognition?
a. Voluntary accreditation
b. Continuing Professional Education
c. Granting of Special Permit
d. Academic freedom
32. The students of Teacher Yue scan an electronic encyclopedia,
view a film on subject, or look at related topics at the touch of a
button right there in the classroom. Which device/s does teacher
Yue’s class have?
a. Teaching machines
b. CD
c. Video disc
d. Videotaped lesson
33. Which is an inappropriate way to manage off-task behavior?
a. Redirect a child’s attention to task and check his progress to
make sure he is continuing work
b. Stop your class activity to correct a child who is no longer on
task
c. Make eye contact to communicate what you wish to
communicate
d. Move closer to the child to make him feel your presence
34. When Teacher Pearl tries to elicit clarification on a student
25. A student complains to you about his failing grade. When you response or solicits additional information, which of these should
recomputed you found out that you committed an error in his be use?
grade computation. Your decision is not to accept the erroneous a. Directing c. Structuring
computation before the student and so leave the failing grade as b. Probing d. Cross examining
is for fear that you may lose credibility. Is this morally right?
a. No, the reason for not accepting the error before the students 35. Which priority criterion should guide a teacher in the choice
is flimsy of instructional devices?
b. No, the end does not justify the means a. Novelty c. Attractiveness
c. Yes, the end justifies the means b. Cost d. Appropriateness
d. Yes, as a teacher you must maintain your credibility
36. Which learning activity is most appropriate if a teacher’s
26. Which violate(s) the principle of respect? focus is attitudinal change?
I. Teacher Ana tells her students that what Teacher Beth taught is a. Fieldtrip c. Role play
wrong. b. Exhibit d. Game
II. To retaliate, Teacher Beth advises students not to enroll in
Teacher Ana’s class. 37. Teacher Hannah strives to draw participation of every student
III. Teacher Catherine secretly gives way to a special favor (e.g. into her classroom discussion. Which of these student needs is
add 2 points to grade) requested by student Alex who is vying for she trying to address? The need to _______.
honors. a. feel significant and be part of a group
a. II and III c. I and II b. show one’s oral abilities to the rest of the class
b. I, II and III d. I and III c. get everything and be part of a group
d. be creative
27. Which is/are in accordance with the principle of pedagogical
competence?
I. Communication of objectives of the course to student. 38. To be an effective classroom manager, a teacher must be
II. Awareness of alternative instruction strategies. friendly but must at the same time be _________.
III. Selection of appropriate methods of instruction. a. confident c. analytical
a. I and III c. III only b. business-like d. buddy-buddy
b. I, II and III d. II and III
39. Which software is needed when one wants to perform
28. To earn units for promotion, Teacher Flora pays her fee but automatic calculations on numerical data?
does not attend class at all. Does this constitute professional a. Database
growth? b. Spreadsheet Program
a. Not immediately but yes after promotion c. Microsoft Word
b. No, it is simply earning MA units for promotion d. Microsoft Powerpoint
c. It depends on the school she is enrolled in
d. Yes, just enrolling in an MA program is already professional 40. Which of the following questions must be considered in
growth evaluating teacher-made materials?
a. In the material new?
29. If Teacher Analiza asks more higher-order questions, she has b. Does the material simulate individualism?
to ask more ________ questions. c. Is the material expensive?
a. fact c. convergent d. Is the material cheap?
b. close d. concept
41. Kounin claims that “with-it-ness” is one of the characteristics
30. Misdemeanor has a “ripple effect.” This implies that as a of an effective classroom manager. What is one sign of “with-it-
classroom manager, a teacher: ness”?
a. reinforces positive behavior a. Giving attention to students who are having difficulty with
b. responds to misbehavior promptly school work
c. is consistent in her classroom management practice b. Aware of what’s happening in all parts of the classroom
d. count 1 to 10 before she deals with a misbehaving student c. Seeing only a portion of the class but intensively
d. Knowing where instructional materials are kept
31. Based on Edgar Dale’s “Cone of Experience,” which activity is
farthest from the real thing? 42. Which of these is one of the ways by which the internet
a. Watching demo c. Video disc enables people to browse documents connected by hypertext
b. Attending exhibit d. Viewing images links?
a. URL c. Welcome page
b. Browser d. World Wide Web
43. Which characteristics must be primarily considered as a
choice of instructional aides?
a. Stimulate and maintain students interests 4. Who is more likely to advise you to modify your classroom
b. Suited to the lesson objectives environment in such a way that your pupils will be motivated to
c. Updated and relevant to Filipino setting learn?
d. New and skillfully made A. behaviorist
B. humanist
44. You can exhibit referent power on the first day of school by C. cognitivist
__________. D. social-cognitivist
a. telling them the importance of good grades
b. giving your students a sense of belongingness and acceptance
c. making them feel you know what you are talking about 5. What will be the most effective way of dealing with non-
d. reminding your students your authority over them again and participative students?
again A. Employ engaging and enjoyable activities.
B. Let them do what pleases them.
45. I would like to use a model to emphasize particular part. C. Refer the matter to the Guidance Counselor.
Which of these would be most appropriate? D. Give then the grades they deserve based on their
a. Regalia c. Stimulation performance.
b. Audio recording d. Mock up
6. Research findings showed that student's motivation may vary
46. What must Teacher Luke do to ensure orderly transitions according to socio-economic background. Which observation can
between activities? attest to this?
a. Have the materials ready at the start of the activity A. Females are more likely than males to earn higher grades.
b. Allow time for the students to socialize in between activities B. Students from low-income families are among those likely to
c. Assign fewer exercise to fill the allotted time be at risk of failing and dropping from school.
d. Wait for students who lag behind C. Gifted students are more highly motivated.
D. More boys than girls become underachievers.
47. The task of setting up routine activities for effective classroom
management is a task that a teacher should undertake: 7. Teacher R, a science teacher, makes sure all eyes are on her as
a. as soon as the students have adjusted to their schedules she demostrates the proper behavior for lighting a Bunsen
b. on the very first day of school burner. Whose theory supports Teacher R's practice?
c. every day at the start of the session A. Vygotsky's
d. every homeroom day B. Glasser's
C. Piaget's
48. What principle is violated by overusing the chalkboard, as D. Bandura's
though it is the only education technology available?
a. Isolated use c. Variety 8. What should be the first consideration of the teacher in the
b. Flexibility d. Uniformity choice of instructional media?
A. objectives of the lesson
49. Teacher Sandra uses the low-profile classroom control B. techniques to be used
technique most of the time. What does this imply? C. choice of the pupils
a. She is reactive in her disciplinary orientation D. availability of the media
b. She manages pupils personalities
c. She reacts severely to a misbehaving student 9. Which apply/applies to extrinsically motivated learners?
d. She stops misbehaving without disrupting lesson flow I. Tend to process information superficially
II. Tend to be content with meeting minimum requirements
50. If curriculum is designed following the traditional approach, III. Achieve at high level
which feature(s) apply(ies)? A. I and II
I. The aims of the curriculum are set by professionals and experts. B. II only
II. Interested groups (teachers, students, communities) are C. I and III
assumed to agree with the aims of the curriculum. D. I only
III. Consensus building in not necessary.
a. III only c. I and II 10. Which does not belong to the group?
b. I, II and III d. I and III A. content-based instruction
B. cooperative learning
# PROFED LET REVIEWER C. thematic approach
D. multi-disciplinary approach
1. It is equivalent to the average score of the group or class?
A. Mean 11. If the difficulty index of your test item is 0.98, what should
B. Median you do with this item?
C. Mode A. Revise it.
D. Standard Deviation B. Reject it.
C. Retain it.
2. Here is a test item: _____ is an example of a mammal. What is D. Reserve it for another group of pupils.
defective with this test item?
A. The blank is at the beginning of the sentence. 12. Keeping track of assessment results from one periodic rating
B. It is a very short question. to the next is useful in contributing to the development of a
C. It is an insignificant test item. _____.
D. It is very elementary. A. regional plan
B. annual implementation plan
3. What is the initial step that a homeroom adviser must do at C. school improvement plan
the beginning of the class? D. division plan
A. Get to know each member of the class.
B. Prepare a seat plan. 13. What is the implication of using a method that focuses on the
C. Secure the class list. why rather than the how?
D. Memorize the names of the students. A. There is best method
B. Typical one will be good for any subject
C. These methods should be standardized for different subjects.
14. Here is a question: "Is the paragraph a good one? Evaluate." If D. Teaching methods should favor inquiry and problem solving.
broken down to simplify, which is the best simplification?
A. Why is the paragraph a good one? Prove. 24. In what way can teachers uphold the highest possible
B. If you are asked to evaluate something, what do you do? standards of quality education?
Evaluate the paragraph. A. By continually improving themselves personally and
C. What are the qualities of good paragraph? Does the paragraph professionally
have these qualities? B. By wearing expensive clothes to change people's poor
D. Is the paragraph a good one? Why or why not? perception of teachers
C. By working out undeserved promotions
15. The philosophical doctrine that emphasizes the role of D. By putting down other professions to lift the status of teaching
experience rather than the role of reason as the source of
knowledge. 25. Which is an appropriate way to manage off-task behavior?
A. Pragmatism A. Make eye contact.
B. Empiricism/Pragmatism B. Stop your class activity to correct a child who is no longer on
C. Progressivism task.
D. Functionalism C. Move closer to the child.
D. Redirect a child's attention to task and check his progress to
16. The Department of Education directed that the lowest passing make sure he is continuing to work.
grade is _____% and the lowest failing grade is _____% in the
report card. 26. A student is finding it hard to read. When the guidance
A. 70 - 60 counselor traced the child’s history, the counselor was able to
B. 75 - 70 find out that the student came a dysfunctional family, aside from
C. 75 - 65 that, the child was abused and neglected. What could have
D. 70 -50 caused the student’s reading disability?
A. Emotional factors
17. Which guideline in test construction is NOT observed in the B. Neurological factors
following test item? Identification. EDGAR ALLAN POE WROTE C. Poor teaching
____________ D. Immaturity
A. The length of the blank suggests the answer.
B. The central problem is not packed in the stem. 27. Which measure(s) of central tendency is (are) most
C. It is open to more than one correct answer. appropriate when the score distribution is badly skewed?
D. The blank is at the end of the question. A. Mean and mode
B. Median
18. If there are three raters of an essay test, what conclusion is C. Mode
determined? D. Mean
A. triple rater
B. inter rater 28. Whose thought is this: “Although there is an external world
C. external rater from which human beings acquire sensory in formation, ideas
D. multiple rater originate from the workings of the mind.”
A. Rationalist
19. Professionalism on the part of the Government officials and B. Existentialist
employees does not mean: C. Empiricist
A. performing and discharging duties with the highest degree of D. Pragmatist
excellence
B. working less intelligently when salary is low 29. The Domain on Social Regard for Learning in the NCBTS
C. entrance with the public service with utmost devotion focuses on teacher's actions and demonstrating value for
D. discouraging wrong perception of government employee’s role learning. Which are the indicators for these actions?
I. Model the value of punctuality.
20. Teacher U asked her pupils to create a story out of the given II. Consider the influence of teacher's behavior on learners.
pictures. Which projective technique did Teacher U use? III. Use cooperative learning activities
A. Rorschach test IV. Communicate higher learning expectations.
B. narrative A. III and IV
C. thematic apperception test B. I and II
D. reflective C. I and III
D. II and IV
21. As a community leader, whicb one may a teacher not do?
A. solicits donation from philanthropists in the community 30. Vygotsky claimed that social interaction is important for
B. plays an active part in the activities of the community learning. What does this imply?
C. support effort of the community to improve their status in life A. Since they are not capable of interaction, children in the crib
D. makes herself aloof to ensure that her decisions will not be has no learning yet.
influenced by community politics B. Children learn well by passive presentation of information.
C. Children learn from adults and other children.
22. Approach every student as they are without allowing yourself D. Children are independent problem solvers.
to be influenced by your foreknowledge of their home
background. This is an advice from a/an _____. 31. All men are pretty much alike. It is only by custom that they
A. rationalist are set apart, said one Oriental philosopher. Where can this
B. existentialist-phenomenologist thought be most inspiring?
C. positivist-behaviorist A. In a multi-cultural group of learners
D. essentialist B. In multi-cultural and heterogeneous groups of learners and
indigenous peoples' group
23. Teacher C wants to develop moral reasoning among her C. In a class composed of indigenous peoples
pupils. Which one should she employ? D. In heterogeneous class of learners
A. conflict stories
B. games 32. Why do we need to establish classroom routines?
C. simulation A. to make our work easy
D. concept mapping B. to minimize problems in class
C. to ensure order and discipline
D. to promote organization in class
33. Ask to do a learning task, Joe hesitates and says "Mahirap.
Ayaw ko. 'Di ko kaya!" (It's difficult. I don't like it. I can't do it.)
Which of the following about Joe is correct? 42. In a grade distribution, what does the normal curve mean?
A. has a low sense of self-efficacy A. a large number of students receiving low grades and very few
B. has a high sense of self-efficacy students with high marks
C. has no sense of self-efficacy B. a large number of more or less average students and very few
D. wants to be sure of his self efficacy students receiving low and high grades
C. a large number of students with high grades and very few with
34. If a student is encouraged to develop himself to the fullest low grades
and must satisfy his hierarchy of needs, the highest need to D. all of the students have average grades
satisfy according to Maslow is _____.
A. belongingness 43. Which is not a characteristic of authentic assessment?
B. safety A. focused on lifelike, meaningful, relevant types of student
C. psychological need learning
D. self-actualization B. offers opportunities to study problem intensively
C. easy to complete
35. Student M obtained an NSAT percentile rank of 80. This D. fruitful in terms of genuine learning
indicates that _____.
A. he surpassed in performance 80% of her fellow examinees 44. Which technique is an application of B.F. Skinner's theory on
B. he got a score of 80 operant conditioning?
C. he surpassed in performance 20% of her fellow examinees A. mastery learning
D. he answered 80 items correctly B. process approach
C. computer-assisted instruction
36. On which philosophical foundations is reflective teaching D. project method
grounded?
I. Plato's contemplation of eternal truths 45. Schools are communities of learners committed to pre-
II. Aristotle's basic method of inquiry determined measurable quality criteria for student learning.
III. Rationalists' superiority of reason Which statement best describes schools that will ensure
A. I, II, and III attainment of such criteria?
B. II and III A. Everyone in the school is accountable for student outcomes.
C. I and III B. Families are encouraged to support and participate in student
D. I and II learning experiences.
C. Regular evaluation of student achievement is done by teachers
37. Soc exhibits fear response to freely roaming dogs but does and administration.
not show fear when a dog is on a leash or confined to a pen. D. Teachers continually update themselves by attending training
Which conditioning process is illustrated programs.
A. Generalization
B. Extinction 46. Which of the following is effective in teaching students'
C. Acquisition critical reading skills?
D. Discrimination A. interpret editorials and read and interpret three different
movie reviews
38. The improvement of basic education should be the top B. read and interpret three different movie reviews
priority of the Philippine government. Defend or refute this C. interpret editorials about a particular subject from three
position. Under what type of question does this item fall? different newspapers
A. convergent D. evaluate the consistency of ideas expressed in an editorial
B. evaluative
C. low-level 47. In a multiple choice test item with four options and out of 50
D. analysis examinees, Which was the least effective distracter?
A. the option that was chosen by 13 examinees
39. Which of the following abilities is stressed by humanistic B. the option that was chosen by 2 examinees
education? C. the option that was chosen by 30 examinees
A. Enjoy the great works of man such as the classics. D. the correct answer that was chosen by 5 examinees
B. Learn the different philosophies of education.
C. Make man distinctly civilized, educated and refined. 48. Which of the following is the most important contribution of
D. Develop men into a thinking individual. Gestalt psychology to the theories of learning?
A. Use of multimedia approaches
40. The language problem was identified in the studies and B. Importance of the reinforcement in the learning process
surveys conducted as early as 1929. The proposal to solve the C. Cognitive insight
problem is the use of the _____ for instruction form Grades 1 to D. Concept of readiness in learning
3.
A. vernacular 49. Which is a valid assessment tool if you want to find out how
B. first language well your students can speak extemporaneously?
C. second language A. performance test in extemporaneous speaking
D. mother tongue B. written quiz on how to deliver extemporaneous speech
C. display of speeches delivered
41. Like a TV, the computer has a _____. D. writing speeches
A. disk drive
B. keyboard 50. Which should you use more if you want to counteract the
C. screen spirit of destructive competition among your students?
D. CPU A. community involvement projects
B. listening activities
C. self-evaluation activities
D. concept miming

51. Referring to alternative learning systems, which one does not

52. On which theory is Teacher A's practice of conducting her
lessons in a way that her students are taught to discover and
perceive new relationships for insight and understanding based?
A. cognitive theory
B. humanist theory
C. behaviorist theory
D. physiological theory
53. A sentence that comes before is missing. How is
understanding of a concept shown by learners?
A. by repeating what has been heard
B. by memorizing what has been read
C. both a and b
D. by using and adopting these concepts
54. Which was perceived to be contrary to the democratized
access to education?
A. the granting of scholarships to a selected few
B. the "Study-Now-Pay-Later" plan
C. the giving of the National College Entrance Examination (NCEE)
belong?
A. distance education
B. formal classroom instruction
C. computer-mediated communication
D. flexible delivery
61. Professor B once said: "We talk of developing critical thinking
among our students, but when they disagree with us, we get
offended." To which Filipino trait does this point?
A. inquisitiveness of the Filipino Youth
B. the lack of seriousness among Filipinos
C. extreme authoritarianism
D. lack of subjectivity
62. Which of the following appraisal techniques would be most
useful with a big number of desired respondents?
A. interview
B. observation
C. questionnaire
D. autobiography
63. A negative discrimination index means _____.
A. more from the lower group got the item correctly
B. more from the upper group got the item correctly
C. the test item could not discriminate between the upper and
D. the imposition on moratorium on pro-poor courses the lower group
D. the test item has low reliability
55. What is an alternative assessment tool for teaching and
learning consisting of a collection of work/artifacts finished or in-
progress accomplished by the targeted clientele?
A. rubric
B. achievement test 64. Principal A wants her teachers to be constructivist in their
C. evaluation instrument teaching orientation. Which one should teachers the avoid?
D. portfolio A. student's reflection
B. rote memorization of facts
56. A philosophy based primarily on science and scientific C. inquiry of students
discoveries is _____. D. self-directed learning
A. positivism
B. realism 65. Which of the following indicates a strong negative
C. liberalism correlation?
D. pragmatism A. -0.75
B. -0.10
57. In their desire to make schools perform, the DepEd then C. -0.25
published the ranking of schools in NAT results nationwide. As an D. -0.15
effect of this practice, what did schools tend to do?
I. Taught at the expense of NAT 66. What produces the condition for excellent team
II. Conducted review classes for NAT at the expense of teaching performance?
III. Practiced the so-called teaching to the test A. disciplined action
A. II and III B. team norms
B. II only C. complementarity of team members
C. I and III D. members' selflessness and dedication
D. III only
67. Which activity can help develop teamwork among your
58. Basic education is intended to lay the foundation on which students?
subsequent learning can be based. Which is not part of basic A. journal writing
education. B. metaphorical thinking
A. early childhood education C. reflective activity
B. elementary education D. roundtable
C. secondary education
D. tertiary education 68. Suppose two of your students fought in class while the lesson
was going on. What would be your immediate response?
59. I combined several subject areas in order to focus on a single A. Take the two students immediately to the principal's office.
concept for inter-disciplinary teaching. Which strategy/method B. Settle the issues immediately even if you have to stop the
did I use? lesson.
A. Problem-entered learning C. Stop the fight and place the two boys in a corner.
B. Thematic instruction D. Refer to the class who is the winner of the fight.
C. Reading-writing activity
D. Unit method 69. Nita doesn't enjoy writing but can't escape from it. She has to
finish it in order to graduate. Greta has always liked to write. She
60. Research says: "People tend to attribute their successes to really likes to become a writer because she wants to be a
internal causes and their failures to external causes." Based on journalist someday. Who is more likely to be more focused on the
this finding, what should be taught to your students for them to writing activity and why?
genuinely motivated to succeed? A. Greta, because she is intrinsically motivated.
A. Make them realize that both success and failure are more of a B. Nita because she is extrinsically motivated.
function of internal causes. C. Both, because they are both motivated anyway.
B. Tell them that the research finding when applied will make D. It cannot be determined. Motivation fluctuates.
them genuinely motivated.
C. Convince them that genuine motivation is the only factor that 70. A number of test items in a test are said to be non
matters for a person to succeed. discriminating. What conclusions can be drawn?
D. Make them realize that failure is a part of life. I. Teaching or learning was very good.
II. The item is so easy that anyone could get it right.
III. The item is so difficult that nobody could get it.
C. III only A. II and III
D. I and II B. I only
80. Which will be the most authentic assessment tool for an
71. The subject matter integration and organization of the instructional objective on working with and relating to people?
curriculum involves _____. A. conducting mock election
I. life-centered approach B. home visitation
II. core approach C. organizing a community project
III. fused approach D. writing articles on working and relating to people
A. I only
B. I and II 81. The theory where in association between a conditioned
C. II and III stimulus a response is strengthened by repeated presentation
D. I, II, and III with the unconditional stimulus.
A. Connectionism theory
B. Classical Conditioning
72. Which is a selective reading technique meant at getting C. Operant conditioning
important facts very fast? D. Social Learning theory
A. silent reading
B. skim reading 82. Marking on a normative basis means that _____.
C. oral reading A. the normal curve of distribution should be followed
D. scanning B. some students must fail
C. fewer students must get high marks
73. Teacher M sees to it that her classroom is clean and orderly D. grades show how a student achieves relative to other students
so her pupils will less likely disarrange seats and litter on the
floor. On which thought is her action based? 83. Which graphic organizer is most fit for sequencing?
A. behaviorism A. hierarchy diagram
B. existentialism B. Venn diagram
C. progressivism C. flow chart
D. reconstructionism D. double cell diagram

74. Inclusion is a basic right of every Filipino child as mandated in 84. Which of the following test is used as a basis in giving grades
the Philippine Constitution, R.A. 7277 or the Magna Carta for or rating?
Disabled Persons and EFA 2015. What fundamental changes have A. mastery
to be operationalized in inclusive education? B. formative
I. Philosophy of education C. summative
II. Relevant curriculum D. post test
III. Mainstreaming
IV. Homestudy program 85. International educators propose a definition of the term
V. Structural organization global competence. What is the most appropriate characteristic
A. II, III, and V of a globally competent individual?
B. I, IV, and V A. having an open mind while actively seeking to understand
C. I, II, III, and V norms and work effectively outside one's environment
D. II, IV, and V B. ability to become familiar with a new culture and work
environment
75. Which element should be present for brainstorming to be C. having the intercultural facility of effective two-way
effective? communication
A. Lax atmosphere D. having the professional competence to speak a foreign
B. Teacher’s nonjudgmental attitude language
C. Teacher’s use of “put down” strategy
D. Threatening atmosphere 86. In preparing storyboards for PowerPoint presentations, which
must be strictly observed?
76. What is the norm of a test? A. There should be varied animations.
A. the mean of grouping scores B. There must be different colors to attract the learners.
B. the standard of for adequate performance C. The rule of 6 x 6 must be applied in the slides.
C. the standard deviation of a group of scores D. There must be an illustration per slide.
D. the typical performance of a certain group of individuals who
took the test 87. Teacher M, an ineligible teacher was given a probationary
appointment in SMN High School. When can he avail of
77. Teacher F asks one student, "Rachel, can you summarize what permanent status?
we have just read? Remember, the title of this section of the A. when there is a vacant permanent position
chapter." This is an example of a teacher's effort at _____. B. after finishing MA in education
A. scaffolding C. once given the “Teacher of the Year” award
B. inspiring D. after rendering at least 10 years of efficient service
C. directing
D. giving feedback 88. In which the document are the contents of each subject in the
elementary level contained?
78. Among the components of the learner's marks/ratings, A. Minimum Learning Competencies (MLC)
behavior is reflected in _____. B. Philippine Elementary Learning Competencies (PELC)
A. Values Education (CERC)
B. Technology and Livelihood Education 89. Which of these instructional materials will be most effective
C. Filipino to the tactile learners?
D. outputs/projects A. PowerPoint presentation
B. acetate/ transparencies
79. Which statement about Median is CORRECT? C. real objects
A. It is a measure of variability D. film strips
B. It is the most stable measure of central tendency
C. It is the 50th percentile 90. The reciprocity of rights and duties is the true foundation of
D. It is significantly affected by extreme score peace and harmony in society. Which illustrates the reciprocation
of rights and duties?
II. Your right to a good reputation corresponds to everyone's I. You have the right to a just salary but it is your duty to teach as
obligation not to destroy it. expected.
III. You have the right to a just salary and it's the duty of the
government to grant it. 99. What school of philosophy believes that truth is that which
A. III works and successful in solving problem?
B. I and III A. communism
C. I and II B. positivism
D. II and III C. pragmatism
D. personalism
91. Research on the brain reveals that the numbers of dendrite
connections in the first five years of growth are in tens of billions. 100. Which is a sound classroom management practice?
What does this underscore? A. Avoid establishing routines
I. The significance of a stimulating early childhood education B. Establish routines for all daily needs and tasks.
II. The necessity of forcing the child to learn at an early age or C. Apply rules and policies on a case to case basis.
else may never get interested at all D. Apply reactive approach to discipline.
III. The need to punish preschool children when they can't follow
a lesson for them to remember the lesson 101. Which test has broad sampling of topics as strength?
IV. The significance of right parenting A. Objective test
A. I and III B. Short answer test
B. II and IV C. Essay test
C. I and IV D. Problem type
D. II and III
102. What do the school campus expressions "promdi" and
92. Why are there more illustrations in elementary books than in "barriotic" indicate?
upper levels? A. the powerlessness of the poor
A. Elementary pupils are slow in the reading process. B. low literacy rate of the country
B. High school students are more mature and imaginative. C. the power of the rich
C. Elementary pupils are less imaginative yet, they need more D. the prevalence of ethnocentrism
exposure.
D. There is no need to motivate the elementary pupils all the 103. After reading and paraphrasing R. Frost's Stopping by the
time. Woods on a Snowy Evening, Teacher M asked the class to share
any insight derived from this poem. On which assumption about
93. According to Ausubel, one of the ways to strengthen the the learner is Teacher M's act of asking the class to share their
student's cognitive structure is by using an instructional tool insight based?
called _____. A. Learners are producers of knowledge, not only passive
A. cross-referencing recipients of information.
B. spiral approach B. Learners are meant to interact with one another.
C. advance organizer C. Learners are like empty receptacles waiting to be filled up.
D. narrative D. Learners have multiple intelligence and varied learning styles.

94. Which is a true foundation of the social order? 104. You want to have a small group discussion in your class.
A. Obedient citizenry Which topics will be best for group discussion? Those topics
B. The reciprocation of rights and duties _____.
C. Strong political leadership A. where a high degree of consensus among students does not
D. Equitable distribution of wealth exist
B. where a high degree of consensus among students already
95. I drew learners into several content areas and encouraged exists
them to solve a complex question for inter-disciplinary teaching. C. that are formally structured by texts
Which strategy did I use? D. that are factual
A. Problem-centered learning
B. Unit method 105. Teacher P does not personally agree with one school policy.
C. Reading-writing activity What is her professional responsibility?
D. Thematic instruction A. Be indifferent about it but exert effort to understand it.
B. Make an honest effort to understand, support, and carry out
96. A pre-school child says: “That tree pushed the leaf off, and it the school policy even if she does not personally agree.
fell down.” This shows that the pre school child believes that C. Remain connected with the school but defy the policy because
inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action. in conscience, she cannot agree.
This belief is called _____. D. Lead a campaign against the abolition of the policy involved.
A. symbolism
B. animation 106. Principal A wants her teachers to be constructivist in their
C. realism teaching orientation. Which material will teachers most likely
D. animism use?
A. facts
97. The use of valies clarification as a strategy in Values Education B. laws
flows from which philosophy? C. time-tested principles
A. existentialism D. hypotheses
B. progressivism
C. essentialism 107. High levels of cortisol, the stress hormone, inhibits learning.
D. reconstructionism What is an implication of this in the teaching-learning process?
A. Teachers should be non-threatening in their ways.
98. The incorporation of the content materials in language B. Avoid quizzes and tests.
lessons is called _____. C. Never raise your voice.
A. problem-solving instruction D. Do not give assignments.
B. content-based instruction
C. integration approach 108. Factors affect learning that made through the use of audio-
D. thematic approach visual aids, review, drills and other means is _____.
A. motivation
B. extinction
109. How is effectiveness measured by results-driven education? C. reinforcement
A. by using relevant data to promote continuous school D. interest
improvement C. peer tutoring
B. by assessing results as bases for planning D. mastery learning
C. by comparing schools in a division
D. by comparing schools in a region

110. Scoring guides for rating open-ended questions are called 119. This law was enacted on June 8, 1940 and conferred the
_____. status of “persons in authority” upon the teacher, professors, and
A. outputs persons charged with the supervision of public or duly recognized
B. outcomes private schools, colleges and universities.
C. rubrics A. Commonwealth Act No. 80
D. scales B. Commonwealth Act. No. 1
C. Commonwealth Act No. 578
111. Sec. 3 of Commonwealth No. 180 set the requirements for a D. Act No. 2706
private college to fulfill before it is granted university status. This
statement means: 120. Which describes Philippine education during the Spanish
A. Philippine education grants university status to qualified regime?
colleges. A. Establishment of a normal school
B. Philippine education strives to be of high quality. B. Vernacular as medium of instruction
C. Philippine education recognizes the complementary roles of C. Separation of church and state
public and private educational institutions.
D. Philippine education is financed by public and private funds
112. Which is the least authentic mode of assessment?
A. paper-and-pencil test in vocabulary
B. oral performance to assess student's spoken communication
skills
C. artistic production for music and art subject
D. experiments in science to assess scientific method
113. If you believe that the child’s mind in TABULA RASA, in what
process will you engage the child to learn?
A. Sensory impressions
B. Reasoning
C. Reflections
D. Metacognition
114. The teacher is the first audio-visual aid in the classroom.
How can she act as one?
A. Sing before the class starts to keep them awake.
B. Use TV and radio for everyday lessons.
C. Have a pleasing physical appearance and modulated voice.
D. Wear multicolored dress to catch the students' attention.
115. Professionalization of teachers and teaching as promulgated
in Presidential Decree No. 1006, defines teaching as profession
concerned with classroom institution ______.
A. by teachers on fulltime basis
B. at the tertiary level in both public and private institutions
C. at the elementary and secondary levels in both public and
private schools
D. by teachers of permanent status
116. Which type of test would yield significant data for a region-
wide assessment of school performance?
A. aptitude
B. achievement
C. evaluation
D. placement
117. Referring to assessment, what are the essential features that
should be explained to the learners?
I. Role of learners in the assessment
II. Why learners will be assessed
III. How their performance will be measured
IV. How the results will be used
A. II, III, IV
B. I, II, III
C. II, III, IV
D. I, II, III, IV
118. If you want your students to develop reading
comprehension and learning strategies which one should you
employ?
A. reciprocal teaching
B. cooperative learning
128. Teacher B wants to determine students' strengths and
weaknesses in the use of laboratory equipment. Which
assessment procedure will be most appropriate and authentic?
A. observation of students' use of laboratory equipment while
they conduct experiments
B. paper-and-pencil test that requires students to enumerate the
do's and don'ts in the use of laboratory equipment
C. practicum test on the use of laboratory equipment
D. requiring students to draw and label the laboratory equipment
129. Which type of report refers toon-the-spot description of
some incident, episode or occurrence that is being observed and
recorded as being of possible significance?
A. Autobiographical report
B. Biographical report
C. Value and interest report
D. Anecdotal report
130. Which applies when there are extreme scores?
A. The median will not be very reliable measure of central
tendency
D. Emphasis on religious instruction
121. It is necessary that the parts of a lesson plan from the first to
the last have _____.
A. completeness
B. conciseness
C. symmetry
D. coherence
122. In a multiple choice test item with four options and out of 50
examinees, which of the following must have served as a
plausible option?
A. the option that was chosen by 30 examinees
B. the option that was chosen by 2 examinees
C. the option that was chosen by 13 examinees
D. A, B, and C
123. Which of the following is true about ICT?
I. The use of ICT has negative effects
II. The use of ICT has a lot of benefits.
III. The use of ICT is effective only in industrialized countries.
A. I and II
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and III
124. Which of the following are the attitudes and skills of
teachers who help all types of learners?
I. Establishing clarity about curricular essentials
II. Accepting responsibility for learner success
III. Accessing a repertoire of information
IV. Developing flexible classroom routines
A. I, II, III, and IV
B. I and II
C. I, II, and III
D. III and IV
125. Jose Rizal said that national redemption can be achieved by
_____.
A. gaining economic recovery
B. stabilizing political situation
C. opening our doors to foreign influence
D. upgrading the quality of the Filipinos through education
126. How will you help the shy and timid students in your class?
A. Let them be as they are.
B. Encourage them to join as many activities in class.
C. Treat them naturally.
D. Refer them to the Guidance Office.
127. Philippine flags which have become worn out through wear
and tear shall be _____.
A. thrown away
B. solemnly burned
C. kept in a storage section
D. washed, and given to schools without flags
C. connecting observable behavior to stimulus
D. understanding the role of overt behavior
138. If one asked to develop himself to the fullest, what need is
he trying to satisfy according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
A. Safety needs
B. Belongingness
C. Physiological needs
D. Selfactualization
139. Teacher S wants to determine immediately the learning
difficulties of her students. Which of the following do you expect
her to undertake?
A. Require her students to prepare a portfolio.
B. Administer an achievement test.
C. Administer a diagnostic test.
D. Interview her students directly.
140. The theme of Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory emphasizes
B. The mode will be the most reliable measure of central the role of appropriate assistance given by the teacher to
tendency. accomplish a task. Such help enables the child to move from the
C. There is no reliable measure of central tendency. zone of actual developmeny to a zone of proximal development.
D. The mean will not be very reliable measure of central Such assistance is termed _____.
tendency. A. competency technique
B. scaffolding
131. Whenever possible, the proper authorities shall take all C. active participation
steps to enable married couples, both of whom are public school D. collaboration
teachers, to be employed in the same locality.
A. Yes, it is provided in Republic Act #4670. 141. A test is considered reliable if _____.
B. No, it’s against on nepotism. A. it is easy to score
C. Yes, as long as they will not be in the same school. B. it served the purpose for which it is constructed
D. No, it against the provision of Republic Act #4670. C. it is consistent and stable
D. it is easy to administer
132. What is an effective technique in teaching children in the
emergent literacy stage? 142. Research says that development in one domain influences
A. imposing the use of correct spelling when writing and is influenced by development in other domains. What is an
B. giving of isolated word drills and memorization of rules education implication of this finding?
C. providing activities that let them enjoy A. use thematic teaching
D. having a print-rich classroom B. use MI approaches
C. stimulate the sense of sight which is the most important of the
133. The difficulty index of a test item is 1.0. This means that the senses
test is _____. D. both a and b
A. a quality item
B. very difficult 143. For maximum interaction, a teacher ought to avoid _____
C. very easy questions.
D. missed by everybody A. informational
B. rhetorical
134. Bruner’s theory on intellectual development moves from C. leading
enactive to iconic and symbolic stages. In which stage(s) are D. divergent
diagrams helpful to accompany verbal information?
A. Enactive and iconic 144. Which is essential in the cognitive development of a person
B. Symbolic according to Vygotsky?
C. Symbolic and enactive A. independent thinking
D. Iconic B. social interaction
C. individual mental work
135. To cater to the needs of the diverse types of learners, what D. scientific thinking
materials must be prepared?
A. multipurpose materials 145. In a 100-item test, what does Ryan's raw score of 70 mean?
B. colorful materials A. He surpassed 30 of his classmates in terms of score.
C. durable materials B. He got 70 items correctly.
D. big and bold materials C. He surpassed 70 of his classmates in terms of score.
D. He got a score that it above the mean.
136. To ensure that all Filipino children are functionally literate,
which mechanism is meant to reach out to children who come 146. The result of the item analysis showed that item no. 4 has a
from a barangay without a school? discrimination index of 0.67. What characteristic could be true
A. mobile teacher about this item?
B. multi-level classroom A. Difficult
C. multi-grade classroom B. Valid
D. Sine Eskwela C. Easy
D. Average
137. Watson applied classical conditioning in his experiments and
the results showed that behavior is learned through stimulus- 147. In a social studies class, Teacher P presents a morally
response associations, specifically the development of emotional ambiguous situation and asks students what they would do. On
responses to certain stimuli. This helps is in _____. whose theory is Teacher P's technique based?
A. interpreting reflexes as emotions A. Bruner
B. understanding fears, phobias, and love B. Piaget
148. Which measure of central tendency is most reliable when C. Kohlberg
scores are extremely high and low? D. Bandura
A. cannot be identified unless individual scores are given
B. mode
C. mean
D. median

149. Who among the following needs less verbal counseling but
needs more concrete and operational forms of assistance? The
child who __________.
A. has mental retardation
B. has attention-deficit disorder
C. has learning disability
D. has conduct disorder

150. Good teaching is accepting responsibility for helping to make

the journey as interesting, as rewarding and as exciting as
possible. This proves that teaching demands?
A. rest and relaxation
B. interest in the profession
C. efficiency in service
D. deeper commitment