READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HITORY

PROF. PAUL FULGENCIO III

CAS
 LESSON 5: EARLY CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES
LESSON 6: PRE-COLONIAL CULTURE

Learning Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

1. Describe the early customs and practices of early Filipinos.

2. Discuss the religious and spiritual practices and beliefs of early Filipinos.

3. Explain the significance of pre-colonial laws, government and judicial process.

4. Make a comparison of the pre-colonial and modern customs and practices of the Filipinos

5. Examine the context and perspective of the document.

6. Discuss the early Filipinos’ written languages, system of writing,

literature, music and dances, arts and sciences
SOCIO-POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
THE EARLY FILIPINOS HAD A
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION CALLED
BARANGAY (BALANGHAI, BINIDAY,
BARANGAI) WAS ORIGINALLY A
BOAT OF MALAY DESIGN THAT
COULD CARRY FROM 60-90
PERSONS.
MAGINOO (THE CHIEFLY CLASS)
USUALLY CARRIED THE TITLE LAKAN, DATU AND RAJA. THIS LEADER RECEIVED RESPECT AND SERVICES
FROM THE LOWER RANKS.
-WAS UNDER OBLIGATION TO PROTECT HIS SUBJECTS AND AID THEM WITH THEIR NECESSITIES. WISDOM,
WEALTH, BRAVERY AND EVEN INHERITANCE ARE THE REQUIREMENTS TO BECOME A DATU.
 MAHARLIKA (CLASS OF FREE AND NOTABLE PERSONS)
IT CONOTES TO FREEDOM, LIBERTY AND NOBILITY COMPOSED PROMINENTLY THE FAMILY OF THE
MAGINOO HIS DAYANG, BEARING THE TITLE YNARABA, MEANING LEGAL WIFE; SANDIL, OTHER WIVES;
CHILDREN, RELATIVES OR BINUKOT. THIS GROUP DID NOT PAY TAXES OR BUWIS BUT RENDRED SERVICES
TO THE MAGINOO.
 TIMAGUA (CLASS OF COMMONERS)
FREE BUT ORDINARY PEOPLE. THEY WERE NEITHER SLAVES NOR NOBLES. THEY WERE
PEOPLE WHO WORKED IN THE FIELDS OR FISHED IN THE SEA OR LAKE FOR LIVING.
ALIPIN (CLASS OF DEPENDENTS AND SLAVES) –CAPTURED IN A BATTLE,INHERITANCE OR BY PURCHASE OR
FAILURE TO PAY HIS DEBT OR PUNISHMENT FOR A CRIME COMMITTED
1. NAMAMAHAY- COULD BE INHERITED BUT NOT SOLD, HAD HIS OWN FAMILY AND HOUSE, HELPED HIS
MASTER’S FIELD AND SERVED HIS VISITORS
2. SAGUIGUILIR WAS ENTIRELY DISPOSABLE, HAD NO PROPERTY & COULD NOT MARRY WITHOUT HIS
MASTER’S APPROVAL
MIXED MARRIAGES, INHERITANCE & SUCCESSION

- if the married couple belonged to different classes, their children were equally divided among the parents in so
far as social status was concerned. But in case there was only one child (eg. He became half-free and half -
dependent). If there were an odd number of children , say nine, the ninth child (eg. He became half-free and half-
dependent)

Inheritance - Among the ancient Filipinos, the legitimate children automatically inherited the property of their
parents, even without a written will.The property was divided equally among the children.

Succession- the first son of the barangay chieftain succeeded his father; if the first died without leaving an heir , the
second son succeeded as chieftain. In absence of any heir, the eldest daughter became chieftain.
 BURIAL PRACTICES
AERIAL, TREE, JAR AND HOUSE BURIAL
HOUSE AND DWELLINGS
 BAHAY KUBO
PANTAW-ROOFLESS AREA WHERE VESSELS OF WATERS WERE KEPT/ SHOWER ROOM; BATALAN, A PLACE WHERE
YOU CAN WASH AND PLACED THE UTENSILS; DAPUGAN, A PLACE WHERE THE FOODS WERE PREPARED AND
COOKED; SALA AS RECEIVING AREA,; SILUNG, LOWER PART OF THE HOUSE WHICH WAS ENCLOSED BY BAMBOO
AND STAKES WHERE POULTRY AND OTHER SURPLUS HUNTS WHERE KEPT AND RAISED;
TOROGAN DATU’S HOUSE/DWELLING (MUSLIM IN THE SOUTH)
COSTUME AND DRESSING
FOR MALE – POTONG, KANGGAN, BAHAG, KALOMBIGA (NECKLACE, EARRINGS & BRACELETS) AYABUN (LEGLETS)

RED KANGGAN- -CHIEF ; BLUE OR BLACK KANGGAN- BELOW RANK/ORDINARY PEOPLE

PUTONG- “MANLINESS OF A MAN”, RED PUTONG- A PERSON WHO KILLED A MAN IN A WAR; EMBROIDERED PUTONG- KILLED
AT LEAST 7 PEOPLE IN A WAR.

FOR WOMEN- KAMISA (UPPER), SAYA OR PATADYONG (LOWER)

TATTOO
LITERACY: ANCIENT BAYBAYIN
RELIGION
RELIGION: ANITOS
KARIM AL MAKHDUM (1390)

1521 na nang dumaong ang ekspedisyon

ng mga mananakop na Kastila at
Portugues sa bansa, ngunit 1380 pa lang
dumating na ang mga misyunaryong ito sa
Tawi-tawi na s'yang nagpalaganap ng
islam sa Mindanao.
Ang animismo o 'Animism' ang unang
relihiyon ng ating mga ninuno, ito ay
paniniwala at pagsamba sa mga
kapangyarihang-ispiritwal ng mga bagay,
hayop, halaman, ilog at anumang bagay
na nilikha.
ART
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 Heavenly bodies: Poyo-poyo (constellations); Kumalit (shooting stars); Balahi (comet);
Balatik (Orion); Mumbunkol (dipper)
EL CALENDARIO FILIPINO

Visayan calendar: Ulalung (January);Dagangkahuy

(February); Dagangbulan (March); Kiling (April);
Misabuyan (May); Kabay (June); Hidapadapun (July);
Lubadlubad (August); Kangurasul (September);
Bagyubagyu (October); Panglut nga Diutay (November);
Panglut nga Daku (December)

Days: Tagurkad (Sunday); Dumasun (Monday);

Dukotdukot (Tuesday);
Baylubaylo (Wednesday); Danghus (Thursday);
Hinguthingot (Friday); and Ligid (Saturday)
Weight and Measurement
MARRIAGE CUSTOMS
TRIAL BY ORDEALS
 TRIAL BY ORDEAL:
DAU- PICKING OF STONES, THE SUSPECTS WERE ASKED TO PICK UP STONES
FROM A POT FULL OF BOILING WATER, THE ONE REFUSED TO OBEY WAS
CONSIDERED GUILTY
MANGANGANDILA PAGTALON SA TUBIG
ALAW- THE SUSPECTS WERE ASKED TO FIGHT A DUEL, THE ONE WHO DIED DURING THE COMBAT WAS
CONSIDERED GUILTY

UGGUB- PAGPANA SA LIKOD, THE SUSPECT WERE ASKED TO PICK A KIND OF LEAF AND HIT AT THE BACK
OF THE OTHER SUSPECT, THE ONE WHO GOT MORE REDNESS OF THE BACK WAS THE GUILTY PARTY.