GIỚI TỪ (PREPOSITIONS)

.1. Những cấu trúc giới từ thông dụng

Giới từ Cấu trúc Nghĩa
ABOUT - To be sorry about st + lấy làm tiếc, hối tiếc về cái gì
- To be curious about st + tò mò về cái gì
- To be careful about st + cẩn thận về cái gì
- To be careless about st + bất cẩn về cái gì
- To be confused about st + nhầm lẫn về cái gì
- To be doubtful about st + hoài nghi về cái gì
- To be excited about st + hứng thú về cái gì
- To be enthusiastic about st + nhiệt tình, hào hứng về cái gì
- To be sad about st + buồn về cái gì
- To be serious about + nghiêm túc về
- To be reluctant about st (or to) st + ngần ngại, miễn cưỡng với cái gì
- To be uneasy about st + không thoải mái
- To be worried about st + lo lắng về cái gì
AT - To be amazed at st + kinh ngạc, sửng sốt vì cái gì
- To be amused at st + thích thú với cái gì
- To be angry at sb + tức giận với ai
- To be annoyed at sb + bực mình với ai
- To be bad at st + yếu kém về cái gì
- To be brilliant at + thông minh, có tài
- To be good/clever at st + giỏi/sắc sảo về cái gì
- To be efficient at st + có năng lực về cái gì
- To be expert at st + thành thạo về cái gì
- To be mad at sb + tức điên lên với ai
- To be present at + có mặt
- To be skillful at st + khéo léo cái gì
- To be surprised at st + ngạc nhiên với
- To be quick at st + nhạy bén về cái gì/nhanh chóng làm
gì
FOR - To be available for sth + có sẵn (cái gì)
- To be bad for + xấu cho
- To be good for + tốt cho
- To be convenient for + thuận lợi cho...
- To be difficult for + khó...
- To be dangerous for + nguy hiểm...
- To be eager for + háo hức cho
- To be eligible for + đủ tư cách cho
- To be late for + trễ...
- To be liable for sth + có trách nhiệm về pháp lý
- To leave for + rời khỏi đâu
- To be famous/well-known for + nổi tiếng
- To be fit for + thích hợp với
- To be greedy for + tham lam...
- To be grateful for sth + biết ơn về việc...
- To be helpful/useful for + có ích /có lợi
- To be necessary for + cần thiết
- To be perfect for + hoàn hảo
- To prepare for + chuẩn bị cho
- To be qualified for + có phẩm chất
- To be ready for sth + sẵn sàng cho việc gì
- To be responsible for sth + có trách nhiệm v’ê việc gì
- To be suitable for + thích hợp
- To be sorry for + xin lỗi /lấy làm tiếc cho
- To apologize for st/doing st + xin lỗi vì cái gì/vì đã làm gì
- To thank sb for st/doing st + cảm ơn ai vì cái gì
- To be useful for + có ích, hữu dụng
FROM - To borrow st from sb/st
- To demand st from sb
- To draw st from st
- To emerge from st
- To escape from
- To be free from
- To prevent st from
- To protect sb/st from
- To prohibit sb from doing st
- To separate st/sb from st/sb
- To suffer from
- To be away from st/sb
- To be different from st
- To be far from sb/st
- To be safe from st
- To save sb/st from
- To be resulting from st
IN - To be absorbed in
- To believe in st/sb
- To delight in st
- To be engaged in st
- To be experienced in st
- To include st in st
- To indulge in st
- To be interested in st /doing st
- To invest st in st
- To involved in st
- To persist in st
- To be deficient in st
- To be fortunate in st
- To be rich in st
- To be successful/succeed in
OF - To be ashamed of
- To be afraid of
- To be ahead of
- To be aware of
- To be capable of
- To be confident of
- To be certain of
- To be doubtful of
- To be fond of
- To be full of
- To be hopeful of
- To be independent of
- To be proud of
- To be jealous of
- To be guilty of
- To be innocent of
- To remind sb of
- To be sick of
- To be scared of
- To be short of
- To be suspicious of
- To be joyful of
- To be typical of
- To be tired of
- To be terrified of
ON - To be dependent/depend on st/sb
+ vay mượn của ai /cái gì
+ đòi hỏi cái gì ở ai
+ rút cái gì
+ nhú lên cái gì
+ thoát ra từ cái gì
+ không bị, không phải
+ ngăn cản ai cái gì
+ bảo vệ ai /bảo về cái gì
+ cấm ai làm việc gì
+ tách cái gì ra khỏi cái gì
/tách ai ra khỏi ai
+ chịu đựng đau khổ
+ xa cách cái gì/ai
+ khác về cái gì
+ xa cách ai/cái gì
+ an toàn trong cái gì
+ cứu ai/cái gì khỏi
+ do cái gì có kết quả
+ say mê, say sưa
+ tin tưởng cái gì/vào ai
+ hồ hởi về cái gì
+ tham dự, lao vào cuộc
+ có kinh nghiệm về cái gì
+ gộp cái gì vào cái gì
+ chìm đắm trong cái gì
+ quan tâm cái gì/việc gì
+ đầu tư cái gì vào cái gì
+ dính líu vào cái gì
+ kiên trì trong cái gì
+ thiếu hụt cái gì
+ may mắn trong cái gì
+ dồi dào, phong phú
+ thành công
+ xấu hổ về...
+ sợ, e ngại...
+ trước
+ nhận thức
+ có khả năng
+ tự tin
+ chắc chắn về
+ nghi ngờ
+ thích
+ đầy
+ hy vọng
+ độc lập
+ tự hào
+ ganh tị với
+ phạm tội về, có tội
+ vô tội
+ gợi cho ai nhớ tới
+ chán nản về
+ sợ hãi
+ thiếu
+ nghi ngờ về
+ vui mừng về
+ tiêu biểu, điển hình
+ mệt mỏi
+ khiếp sợ về
+ lệ thuộc vào cái gì /vào ai
 - To be keen on st + mê cái gì
- To be based on st + dựa trên, dựa vào
TO - To be able to + có thể
- To be acceptable to + có thể chấp nhận
- To be accessible to + có thể kết nối, tiếp cận
- To be accustomed to + quen với
- To be agreeable to + có thể đồng ý
- To be addicted to + đam mê
- To be available to sb + sẵn cho ai
- To be clear to + rõ ràng
- To be contrary to + trái lại, đối lập
- To be delightful to sb + thú vị đối với ai
- To be equal to + tương đương với
- To be exposed to + phơi bày, để lộ
- To be familiar to sb + quen thuộc đối với ai
- To be favorable to + tán thành, ủng hộ
- To be grateful to sb + biết ơn ai
- To be harmful to sb/st + có hại cho ai (cho cái gì]
- To be Important to + quan trọng
- To be indifferent to + bàn quang, thờ ơ
- To be identical to + giống hệt
- To be kind to sb + tốt với ai
To be kind of sb + lòng tốt của ai
- To be likely to + có thể
- To be lucky to + may mắn
- To be loyal to + chung thủy với
- To be necessary to sth/sb + cần thiết cho việc gì/cho ai
- To be next to + kế bên
- To be open to + cởi mở
- To be opposed to + phản đối
- To be pleasant to + hài lòng
- To be preferable to + đáng thích hơn
- To be profitable to + có lợi
- To be responsible to sb + có trách nhiệm với ai
- To be rude to + thô lỗ, cộc cằn
- To be similar to + giống, tương tự
- To be useful to sb + có ích cho ai
- To be willing to + sẵn lòng
WITH - To be acquainted with + quen biết, quen thân
- To be angry with sb + tức giận với ai
- To be busy with st + bận với cái gì
- To be bored with = to be fed up with + chán ngán, chán ngấy
- To be consistent with st + kiên trì chung thủy với cái gì
- To be content with st + hài lòng với
= to be satisfied with
- To be crowded with + đầy, đông đúc
- To be covered with + bao phủ với
- To cope with + đương đầu với
- To deal with + xử lí, giải quyết với
- To be disappointed with + thất vọng với
- To be friendly to + thân thiện với
- To be patient with st + kiên trì với cái gì
- To be impressed with/by + có ấn tượng/xúc động với
- To be popular with + phổ biến quen thuộc
- To be wrong with + có vấn đề

BÀI TẬP
1.) Elizabeth is fond .......... going to dances.
a.) in b.) of c.) with d.) at
2.) That is last year's telephone directory. It's .......... date now.
a.) into b.) out of c.) besides d.) out
3.) He was put .......... prison.
a.) to b.) from c.) into d.) at
4.) We rejoice .......... her success.
a.) in b.) at c.) over d.) all are correct
5.) I saw him .......... noon.
a.) for b.) with c.) against d.) at
6.) She treated me .......... Cake, ice-cream and tea. S+ treat+so+to sth= to buy sth for s.o
a.) with b.) for c.) to d.) by
7.) The picture is .......... the wall
a.) above b.) at c.) over d.) on
8.) She likes to go .......... a picnic.
a.) for b.) on c.) for and on are correct d.) by
9.) William is .......... meanness.
a.) against b.) above c.) towards d.) according to
10.) I work hard .......... help my family.
a.) so as to b.) in order to c.) in order that d.) a and b
11.) She burst .......... tears.
a.) out of b.) into c.) for d.) in
12.) .......... mistake, I took the wrong book from my desk this morning.
a.) Through b.) By c.) With d.) In
13.) They chose him .......... their leader.
a.) with b.) for c.) by d.) into
14.) I want you to arrange these .......... order by putting the largest first then the next, and so on…
a.) on b.) out of c.) in d.) from
15.) She smiled .......... him.
a.) at b.) with c.) to d.) about
16.) Your work is .......... the average.
a.) under b.) beneath c.) down d.) below
17.) I shall be ready .......... a moment.
a.) for b.) in c.) with d.) on
18.) Aren't you glad that you went to the party with us .......... all?
a.) in b.) after c.) above d.) with
19.) We can't get everything we want from life; we must just make the best .......... it.
a.) with b.) of c.) for d.) by
20.) Go and get me a carton .......... cigarettes.
a.) with b.) of c.) out of d.) no
21.) He is negligent .......... his duties.
a.) with b.) to c.) for d.) of
22.) Long skirts are .......... again.
a.) for b.) in c.) into d.) through
23.) The car went .......... full speed.
a.) with b.) for c.) to d.) at
24.) He was .......... himself with rage.
a.) against b.) for c.) beside d.) with
25.) Gas is made .......... coal.
a.) of b.) from c.) with d.) to
26.) He suffers .......... headaches.
a.) from b.) with c.) in d.) by
27.) Who .......... Richard would have said such a thing?
a.) but b.) by c.) with d.) in
addition of
28.) He was .......... himself with joy.
a.) to b.) beside c.) in d.) of
29.) His ideas are all .......... the times.
a.) like b.) behind c.) but d.) except
30.) I shall wait .......... you.
a.) about b.) by c.) to d.) for
31.) What do you think .......... this sonata of Beethoven?
a.) of b.) to c.) with d.) from
32.) If you earn a good salary, you can be independent .......... your parents.
a.) for b.) to c.) of d.) by
33.) Ottawa is .......... Canada.
a.) with b.) on c.) to d.) in
34.) A bird .......... the hand is worth two .......... the bush.
a.) on - on b.) on - in c.) in - in d.) in – on
35.) There are many others .......... me who disagree on what you say.
a.) with b.) besides c.) to d.) as
36.) When were you released .......... prison?
a.) at b.) into c.) fromd.) out of
37.) Who is not for me is .......... me.
a.) towards b.) against c.) with d.) along
38.) There's nothing .......... exercises for making you warm.
a.) like b.) in c.) for d.) about
39.) I have not done my exercise .......... now.
a.) till b.) since c.) for d.) at
40.) These facts may be familiar .......... you.
a.) with b.) about c.) to d.) into
41.) .......... the most part, his explanations are quite easy to understand.
a.) For b.) Through c.) With d.) Toward
42.) He put the book .......... the take and sat down .......... a chair.
a.) on - in b.) on - with c.) on - on d.) on - into
43.) He walked .......... the room .......... which we were sitting.
a.) in - in b.) in - for c.) into - in d.) into - from
44.) The doctor cured me .......... my illness.
a.) for b.) of c.) with d.) at
45.) What do you know .......... him?
a.) to b.) about c.) with d.) for
46.) .......... all my care, it was broken.
a.) Before b.) After c.) To d.) With
47.) Life is just one trouble .......... another.
a.) to b.) for c.) after d.) against
48.) Did Mr. Kennedy park his car .......... front .......... our house?
a.) at - of b.) in - to c.) with - to d.) in - of
49.) Did they ask .......... me?
a.) at b.) to c.) before d.) after
50.) An accident has happened .......... that family.
a.) to b.) with c.) against d.) for
51.) It looks better .......... a distance.
a.) to b.) for c.) at d.) but
52.) She was engaged .......... him for ten months before they got married.
a.) to b.) with c.) for d.) by
53.) What did Mr. Brown die ..........?
a.) with b.) by c.) in d.) of
54.) She took me .......... my brother.
a.) by b.) for c.) to d.) with
55.) It is .......... three o'clock; it is nearly a quarter past three.
a.) about b.) at c.) past d.) around
56.) She gave some advice .......... her brother.
a.) to b.) for c.) with d.) all are correct
57.) He was brought .......... the judge.
a.) to b.) with c.) before d.) for
58.) The government must care .......... the families of invalid soldiers.
a.) about b.) for c.) to d.) at
59.) They like to sit .......... the fire.
a.) by b.) on c.) for d.) with
60.) I cannot do it .......... you.
a.) as b.) like c.) by d.) through
61.) .......... one enemy he has 50 friends.
a.) With b.) To c.) For d.) Through
62.) Mary married a wealthy man. She got married .......... him last June.
a.) by b.) for c.) about d.) to
63.) There were .......... 100 people at the meeting.
a.) up b.) on c.) upon d .) above
64.) William is big .......... his age.
a.) with b.) for c.) by d) through
65.) The god jumped .......... the table.
a.) through b.) over c.) out of d.) past
66.) He didn't dare to say it .......... my face.
a.) on b.) with c.) in d.) to
67.) .......... general, that is true. However, there are many exceptions.
a.) On b.) In c.) By d.) Through
68.) Can you recommend me a good book .......... life in the sixteenth century?
a.) of b.) about c.) in d.) from
69.) He is a friend .......... mine.
a.) with b.) in c.) of d) to
70.) He is a man .......... action.
a.) of b.) with c.) for d.) about
71.) The dog ran .......... the house.
a.) into b.) in c.) for d.) across
72.) She was offended .......... my remark at the meeting yesterday.
a.) at b.) by c.) with d.) at and by are correct
73.) That car costs .......... $2,000.
a.) for b.) above c.) at d.) all are correct
74.) He is looking .......... his glasses.
a.) after b.) for c.) into d.) by
75.) He read that .......... a book.
a.) at b.) from c.) to d.) in
76.) Someone left a box in the garden and I fell .......... it in the dark.
a.) into b.) by c.) off d.) over
77.) Let's drink .......... his success.
a.) in b.) to c.) into d.) for
78.) Shut the door .......... you.
a.) for b.) after c.) with d.) into
79.) He turned his back .......... her.
a.) beside b.) next to c.) by d.) on
80.) He is a man .......... his forties.
a.) on b.) about c.) to d.) in
81.) He is .......... royal blood.
a.) for b.) in c.) of d.) with
82.) I don't think that I'm acquainted .......... him
a.) with b.) to c.) by d.) for
83.) Professor Moore called my attention .......... that particular mistake.
a.) about b.) with c.) by d.) to
84.) Share these sweets .......... the five children and see that each one gets a fair share
a.) to b.) between c.) for d.) among
85.) I'll try to pay you the money the week .......... next.
a.) before b.) for c.) after d.) no preposition needed
86.) Bien Hoa is secured .......... floods.
a.) by b.) to c.) from d.) for
87.) She saw a butterfly .......... the window.
a.) across b.) in c.) into d.) through
88.) They live .......... rice.
a.) with b.) on c.) by d.) for
89.) Stand .......... front of me you will see better; there will be nothing .......... the way of your view.
a.) at - in b.) in - of c.) in - in d.) in - at
90.) He aimed .......... the tiger.
a.) for b.) at c.) with d.) to
91.) In boxing it is a foul to hit .......... the belt.
a.) above b.) over c.) below d.) down
92.) You must settle the matter .......... yourselves.
a.) with b.) in c.) into d.) among
93.) He spoke .......... a whisper.
a.) in b.) into c.) like d.) with
94.) He was ill .......... fever.
a.) to b.) in c.) with d.) for
95.) I came on Monday at ten o'clock .......... the morning.
a.) from b.) in c.) at d.) for
96.) I took him .......... the hand.
a.) with b.) at c.) by d.) to
97.) He made himself pleasant .......... visitors.
a.) with b.) by c.) to d.) for
98.) He stayed home .......... the rain.
a.) because b.) because of c.) for d.) against
99.) I really respect that man .......... his honesty.
a.) by b.) about c.) with d.) for
100.) There is not much correspondence .......... his ideal and
mine.
a.) in b.) among c.) between d.) at
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