Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very small numbers.

A
number is written in scientific notation when a number between 1 and 10
is multiplied by a power of 10.

1, 000, 000 = 6 zeros = 1 million

1, 000, 000, 000 = 9 zeros 1 billion

1, 000, 000, 000, 000 = 12 zeros 1 trillion

1, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000 = 15 zeros 1 quintillion

1,000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000 = 18 zeros 1 pentillion

Particles of matter, we talk about long numbers. So, we have to cut it short by
means of scientific notation. M X10n

M- Is any number between 1-10.

X 10= number of times you are going to move the decimal point.
n
= integer which denotes whether the decimal point is moved either left or
right.
Illustration;

1, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000. More than

.000, 000, 0001 = less than

Rule; If the number is less than 1, move the decimal point to the right and it
should stop in such a way that there is one non-zero digit at the left of it.

Ex. 1. 1, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000.

= 1 x10 +15

2. 1, 670, 000, 000, 000.

= 1.670 x1012

3. . 6,783 400, 000

6.7834 x 10-1
4. . 777, 000, 000, 100, 000, 000
= 7. 770000001x10-1

5. .776, 466, 000, 987, 000

= 7.7 6666000987 x10 -1

6. .485, 985, 000, 000, 000, 000

= 4.85985 x10 -1

7. 975, 603, 000, 000.

= 9.75603 x1011