KINGDOM ANIMALIA

Multicellular organisms

HETEROTROPHIC ORGANISMS
- Cannot manufacture their own food.
- Rely on producers for nutrition .
MAMBA NYOKENDE
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Animal kingdom can be divided into six
groups (Phylum)

Phylum porifera
phylum cnidaria
phylum plathyhelmenthes
phylum annelida
phylum arthrophoda
phylum chordata
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 Criteria used to classify animals
1. Vertebrates or invertebrates
2. Body symmetry
3. Tissue layers
4. Cephalisation
5. Openings in gut
6. coelom

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1. Vertebrates v.s invertebrates

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 2. Body symmetry
▪ Symmetry occur when an organism can be cut
into one or more planes to obtain two mirror
images
▪ We have 3 body symmetries that we can use to
classify organism
❖ Asymmetrical
❖ Radial symmetry
❖ Bilateral symmetry
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Symmetry

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3. Tissue layers

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Bilateral symmetrical organisms are move complex and
advance than the radial symmetrical

triploblastic organisms are more advance than the

diploblastic

triploblastic contain mesoderm

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 4. Cephalization
➢ the concentration of
sense organs, nervous
control, etc., at the
anterior end of the body,
forming a head and brain,
both during evolution and
in the course of an
embryo's development.

MAMBA NYOKENDE
 5. Open gut
Two types of gut in organisms
▪ The first one, is when an organism has only one
opening, used for ingestion and egestion.
▪ Most diploblastic have no gut or have a single
gut, this is because they lack mesoderm,
therefore they have no coelom
▪ Then we have a through gut, example is us,
have two openings (mouth and anus)
▪ This is one advantage of having a coelom, we
have mesordem
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 coelom
• Coelom is a fluid filled cavity found in the
mesoderm of triploblastic organisms
• It separate the digestive track from the body
wall
• Coelom is not found in diploblastic organisms
• Coelom is formed in the mesoderm
• Diploblastic have no mesoderm

MAMBA NYOKENDE
 3 types of Triploblastic organisms
• Acoelomate – don’t have a coelom
• Pseudocoelomate – pseudo(false), they have a
false coelom
• Coelomate – have a true coelom, formed in
the mesoderm

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 Advantages of having a true coelom
(coelomates)
• Coelomates are the most advance and most
successful organisms
• Coelom separate digestive system from the
body walls
• Coelom can act as hydrostatic skeleton In
some organisms
• Coelomates are able to grow big, since the
coelom create space organs

MAMBA NYOKENDE