Year-9 Extra

1) Write in standard form
a) 60 × 106
b) 30 × 106
c) 0.4 × 107
d) 0.5 × 105
e) 0.4 × 107
f) 0.6 × 107
2) Write in standard form
a) 70 × 105
b) 40 × 105
c) 0.8 × 106
d) 0.4 × 108
e) 0.3 × 108
f) 0.7 × 106
g) 150 × 104
h) 480 × 102
i) 0.044 × 105
j) 0.073 × 107
g) 247 × 105
h) 448 × 102
i) 0.056 × 106
j) 0.024 × 108
Law of indicies
3.
2.
3.
2.
Example
.
Solution
3.
1.
Surds
What is a surd ?
A surd is an irrational number in root form.
Irrational number:
a
A number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction i.e.
b
You can think of surds as being square roots of numbers
that do not have a whole number as the root.
Examples of surds: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 etc.
the following are not surds:

4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49 etc.
as these do have a whole number as their roots.
Surds crop up in many situations in mathematics and we will learn some basic rules to
deal with them.
Rules of surds:
ab = a × b
a a
=
b b
these are true in both directions.

i.e.
a × b = ab
a a
=
b b
Applications:
We usually want to simplify expressions involving surds.
Example:
Simplify 75 [ Hint: look for factors of 75 that are perfect squares; in this case 25 ]
Solution:
75 = 25 × 3 = 25 × 3 = 5 3
Example: Simplify 32
Solution: 32 = 16 × 2 = 16 × 2 = 4 2
72
Example: Simplify
3
72 72
Solution: = = 24 = 4×6 = 4 6 =2 6
3 3
Adding and subtracting surds:
Just as in algebra − like terms can be added and subtracted
e.g. Simplify: 5 3−2 3 → 5 3−2 3 → 3 3
e.g. Simplify: 4 2 −3 2 → 4 2 −3 2 → 1 2 → 2
e.g. Simplify: 5 7 +3 7 → 5 7 +3 7 → 8 7
e.g. Simplify: 3 2+ 2 → 3 2+ 2 → 4 2
Past Paper Questions:
1. Express 50 as a surd in its simplest form.
Ans: 25 × 2 → 5 2
2. Simplify 48 − 3 3
Ans: 16 × 3 − 3 3 → 4 3 − 3 3 → 3
3. Express 32 − 2 as a surd in its simplest form.
Ans: 32 − 2 → 16 × 2 − 2 → 4 2 − 2 → 3 2
5. Express 72 − 2 + 50 as a surd in its simplest form
Ans: 72 − 2 + 50 → 36 × 2 − 2 + 25 × 2 → 6 2 − 2 + 5 2 → 10 2
6. Express 32 + 8 as a surd in its simplest form.
Ans: 32 + 8 → 16 × 2 + 4 × 2 → 4 2 + 2 2 → 6 2
7. Multiply out the brackets 2 ( 6− 2 )

Express your answer as a surd in its simplest form.
Ans: 2× 6 − 2× 2 → 12 − 4 → 4×3 − 2 → 2 3 − 2
8. f ( x) = 3 x
Find the exact value of f(12), giving your answer as a surd, in its simplest form.
Ans: f (12) = 3 12 → 3 4 × 3 → 3 × 4 × 3 → 6 3
Rationalising the denominator:
When we have a surd in the denominator, it is better to simplify it further.
When we remove the surd from the denominator, we are “rationalising the denominator”.
e.g. Rationalise the denominator.
5
All we do is multiply top and bottom by the surd in the denominator.
2
5 2
→ × which is the same as multiplying by 1
2 2
5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2
→ → → →
2× 2 2× 2 4 2
Clearly this will always work since: a× a → a×a → a2 → a
Examples:
Rationalise the denominators:
7 7 3 7 3
1. → × →
3 3 3 3
1 1 6 6
2. → × →
6 6 6 6
Past Paper Questions:
3
1. Express as a fraction with a rational denominator.
5
3
2. Simplify Express your answer as a fraction with a rational denominator
24
3
3. f ( x) = Find the exact value of f(2)
x
Give your answer as a fraction with a rational denominator.
Solutions:
3 5 3 5 3 1 1 1 1 2 2
1. × → 2. → → → → × →
5 5 5 24 8 4× 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
3. 3 3 2 3 2
f (2) = → →
2 2 2 2
!
Surds
Videos 305, 306, 307, 308 on Corbettmaths
Workout
Question 1: Work out each of the following
(a) √3 ╳ √5 (b) √7 ╳ √2 (c) √11 ╳ √6 (d) √2 ╳ √3
(e) √8 ╳ √2 (f) √3 ╳ √3 (g) √5 ╳ √6 (h) √5 ╳ √2
(i) √6 ╳ √6 (j) √10 ╳ √3 (k) √5 ╳ √20 (l) √11 ╳ √10
(m) √2 ╳ √5 ╳ √3 (n) √2 ╳ √6 ╳ √3 (o) √10 ╳ √7 ╳ √3
(p) √2 ╳ √2 ╳ √2 (q) √2 ╳ √3 ╳ √2 ╳ √3
(a) (√3)² (b) (√7)² (c) (√10)² (d) (√5)²
(a) (√2)³ (b) (√6)³ (c) (√10)³ (d) (√3)³
(e) (√3)⁴ (f) (√5)⁴ (g) (√10)⁴ (h) (√2)⁵
(a) 2√3 ╳ 3√5 (b) 7√2 ╳ 4√11 (c) 2√13 ╳ 2√2 (d) 10√2 ╳ 5√3
(e) √3 ╳ 6√5 (f) 2√2 ╳ √7 (g) 4√3 ╳ 2√3 (h) 2√2 ╳ 3√8
(i) 2√2 ╳ √5 ╳ 4√3 (j) 3√2 ╳ 2√6 ╳ 2√3
(a) √10 ÷ √5 (b) √21 ÷ √7 (c) √30 ÷ √6 (d) √8 ÷ √2
(e) √80 ÷ √5 (f) √56 ÷ √7 (g) √15 ÷ √3 (h) √72 ÷ √8
(i) √7 ÷ √7 (j) √26 ÷ √13 (k) √48 ÷ √12 (l) √48 ÷ √8
© CORBETTMATHS 2016
!
Surds
(a) 4√6 ÷ 2√2 (b) 12√10 ÷ 3√5 (c) 9√15 ÷ 3√3 (d) 7√30 ÷ √2
(e) 20√8 ÷ 5√2 (f) 40√80 ÷ 20√5 (g) 51√7 ÷ 3√7 (h) 36√54 ÷ 18√6
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Question 8: Simplify the following
(a) √8 (b) √75 (c) √20 (d) √32 (e) √48 (f) √200
(g) √300 (h) √80 (i) √50 (j) √98 (k) √63 (l) √800
(m) √180 (n) √220 (o) √96 (p) √175 (q) √1000 (r) √60
Question 9: Simplify the following
(a) 5√8 (b) 2√20 (c) 4√50 (d) 3√98 (e) 15√32 (f) 10√75

Question 10: Work out each of the following. Simplify each answer.
(a) √6 ╳ √10 (b) √15 ╳ √10 (c) √30 ╳ √6
(d) √22 ╳ √10 (e) 3√2 ╳ √6 (f) √14 ╳ 4√2
(g) 4√6 ╳ 3√15 (h) 2√70 ╳ 3√10 (i) 5√10 ╳ 2√30
Question 11: Work out the following additions/subtractions
(a) √8 + √18 (b) √50 + √8 (c) √75 + √27 (d) √200 − √32
(e) √8 + √2 + √72 (f) √300 − √48 (g) √1000 + √90 (h) √28 + √63
Question 12: Work out the following additions/subtractions
(a) 3√8 + √2 (b) 4√27 − √75 (c) 2√50 + 5√32 (d) √200 − 3√18
(e) 4√80 + 3√45 (f) 6√75 − 2√12 (g) 10√7 + 2√175
!
Surds
Question 13: Expand each of the following. Simplify if possible.
(a) √2(√3 + 5) (b) √3(√5 + √2) (c) √6 (2 − √3) (d) √10 (5 + √10)
(e) √2(√18 − √2) (f) √5 ( 3√2 − √5) (g) 2√3 (3√2 + √3) (h) 4√11( 5√2 + 2√11)
(i) √27 (√2 + √3) (j) √12 (7 − √3)
(a) (2 + √3)(1 + √3) (b) (√2 + 5)(1 + √2) (c) (√3 + 1)(√3 + 4)
(d) (3 + √5)(4 − √5) (e) (√7 − 1)(√7 − 1) (f) (5 − √3)(5 + √3)
(g) (3 + √2)(1 + √3) (h) (√12 + √3)(√3 + 2) (i) (4 − √2)(3 + √8)
(j) (√7 + √2)(√8 + √7) (k) (1 + 2√2)(2 − √2) (l) (3√5 + 7)(2√5 + 1)
(m) (3 + √2)² (n) (1 + √5)² (o) (10 − √2)²
(p) (√5 + √2)² (q) (2√3 − 1)² (r) (5√2 + 3√3)²
(a) (4 + √3)(4 − √3) (b) (1 − √6)(1 + √6) (c) (√10 + 1)(√10 − 1)
(d) (√7 + √5)(√7 − √5) (e) (2√3 − 1)(2√3 + 1) (f) (5 − 4√3)(5 + 4√3)
Question 16: Rationalise the denominators for each of the following
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(e) (f) (g) (h)
(i) (j) (k) (l)
!
Surds
Question 17: Rationalise the denominators for each of the following
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(e) (f) (g) (h)
Apply
Question 1: Find the area of each of these rectangles
(a) (b) (c)
Question 2: Find the perimeter of each of these rectangles
(a) (b) (c)
Question 3: Calculate x for each of the following right angled triangles.
Give your answer as a simpli\ied surd (or integer).
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
!
Surds
Question 4: A shed has dimensions, in metres, of height √5, width √6 and length √10
Find the volume of the shed.
Give your answer as a simpli\ied surd.
Question 5: Mrs Jenkins is making decorations for a wedding.

She needs 18√5 metres of ribbon in total.
Mrs Jenkins has 40 metres of ribbon.
Does she have enough ribbon?
Question 6: The midpoints of the sides of a square of side 16cm are joined to form another
square. This process is then repeated to create the shaded square.
Find the area of the shaded square.
Question 7: The area of a rectangle is √125 cm²

The length of the rectangle is (2 + √5) cm.
Calculate the width of the rectangle.
Express your answer in the form a + b√5, where a and b are integers.
Question 8: The triangle below has an area of 2√6 cm².
Find the height of the triangle, x.
Give your answer as a simpli\ied surd.
Direct and inverse proportion
Bounds
What are error intervals?
Error intervals are the limits of accuracy when a number has been
rounded or truncated. They are the range of possible values that a
number could have been before it was rounded or truncated.
To do this we think about what the smallest and biggest numbers that
would round, or be truncated, to a value for a given degree of
accuracy.
Exercises
1. The weight, w of a parcel is recorded as 440g to the nearest 10g.
Find the upper bound and lower bound for w. Write down the error
interval for the weight of the parcel.
2. A set of books each have a width x of 1.4cm to the
nearest cm. Write down the error interval for the width of one book
3. Kevin truncates the number x to one decimal place. The result
is 8.4. Write down the error interval for x.
4. Ana rounds the number y to 2 significant figures. The result
is 7200.Find the upper bound and lower bound for y.
5. Amir measures a door to be 782mm wide to the nearest mm.
Find the upper bound and lower bound for w. Write down the error
interval for the width of the door w.
6. The length of a table is 105 cm, correct to the nearest centimeter.
(a) Write down the smallest possible length of the table.
(b) Write down the largest possible length of the table.
7. The speed of a car is 50 mph, correct to the nearest 10 mph.
Write down the greatest possible speed of the car.
8. A circular mirror has a diameter of 60cm to the nearest centimeter.
Find the greatest possible area of the mirror. Give your answer in cm².
9. A bag of apples weighs 7kg, correct to the nearest kilogram. What
is the least possible weight of the bag of apples?
10. Declan ran a distance of 200m in a time of 26.2 seconds.
The distance of 200m was measured to the nearest 10 meters.
The time of 26.2 was measured to the nearest tenth of a second.
Work out the lower bound for Declanʼs average speed.
1. Factorising single brackets
2. Factorising double brackets
3. Differences of two squares

1.Factorise
(a) 3y+15
(b) 4w−6
(c) 5m+15
(d) 15y+20
2.Factorise
3.Factorise
4.Factorise
5.Factorise
6.Factorise each of the following.
7.Simplify the following
8.Simplify the following

9.Simplify the following.
10.Simplify the following.

Solving quadratic equation using quadratic formula
The quadratic formula is a formula that provides solutions to quadratic equations.

This is the quadratic formula
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
The formula can be used to solve any quadratic equation of the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.
Example
Exercises A
Exercises B
1
Table of Contents
Solving Quadratics ................................................................... 20

20
Solving Quadratics
(1) x2 − 9 = 0
(2) 4x 2 − 1 = 0
(3) 1 − y2 = 0
(4) 9 − 4t 2 = 0
(5) 16 − x 2 = 0
(6) 9p2 − 4 = 0
(7) 4m2 − 4 = 0
(8) 25w 2 = 100
1
(9) 36 = x 2
4
1 2
(10) x = 25
9
(11) 9x 2 − 12x + 4 = 0
(12) 2a2 + 5a − 3 = 0
(13) 3y 2 − 8y − 3 = 0
(14) 12 − 19x + 4x 2 = 0
(15) 12 + 7x − 12x 2 = 0
(16) 14 + 17x − 6x 2 = 0
(17) 4x 2 − 4x + 1 = 0
(18) 6p2 + 19p − 7 = 0
(19) 4x 2 + 8x + 3 = 0
(20). 21 − 8 m − 4 m2 = 0
(21) x 2 − 12x − 45 = 0
(22) x 2 + 12x + 27 = 0
(23) x2 − 4 = 0
(24) 10x 2 + x − 2 = 0
(25) 12x 2 + 20x + 3 = 0
(26) 5x 2 − 75x = 0
22
1. 2x 2 + 5x = 7
2. y 2 = 10y + 24
3. t(t − 5) = 24
4. 4x(x + 1) = 15
5. (3 b − 1)2 = 4
6. x 2 + (x − 1)2 = 1
7. (3x − 2)(x + 1) = 2
8. (y + 1)(y − 1) = 3
9. (x + 2)(x + 3) = x + 3
10. 2(x − 3) = (2x + 3)(3 − x)
11. (x + 1)2 = 6(x + 1)

12. 3 + 7(x − 3) = 6(x − 3)2
13. (2x + 5)2 + (2x + 5) = 2
2
14. x + = 3
x
2
15. x − = 1
x
9
16. x − = 8
x
1
17. x(x + 1) = 15
2
1
Table of Contents
Adding Polynomials ................................................................... 2
Subtracting Polynomials ............................................................ 4
Multiplying Monnomials ........................................................... 6
Multiplying Polynomials ............................................................ 9
Dividing Monomials ................................................................. 12
Exponent Rules ........................................................................ 16
2
Adding Polynomials
4
Subtracting Polynomials
6
Multiplying Monomials
7
9
Multiplying Polynomials
12
Dividing Monomials
14
16
Exponent Rules
18
Changing the subject of a formula
Exercise A
Exercises B
𝑔ℎ
1. Make 𝒉 the subject of the formula 𝑡 =
10
2. Make 𝒕 the subject of the formula 𝜔 = 3𝑡 + 11
𝑡
3. Make 𝒕 the subject of the formula 𝑦 = 3 − 2𝑎
5(𝐹−32)
4. Make 𝑭 the subject of the formula 𝐶 =
9
5. Make 𝒕 the subject of the formula 𝑝 = 𝑎𝑡 − 𝑑
6. Rearrange this formula to make 𝒚 the subject.
𝑥 = 𝑦2 + 7
𝑥+𝑦
7. Make 𝒚 the subject of the formula 𝑝 = √
5
8. Make 𝒎 the subject of 𝑔 − 3𝑚 = 𝑎𝑚 + 5
𝐶
9. Make 𝒄 the subject of 𝐴 = 𝑦 − 5𝑧
𝑎−3𝑦
10. Make 𝒚 the subject of the formula 𝑦 = .
𝑡+2
Gradient of a Straight Line
Exercises
Equation of a straight Line
Exercises
Parallel Line and Perpendicular Line
If the two lines are parallel, they have the same gradient.
1
If a line has a gradient of 𝑚 , a line perpendicular to it has a gradient of − .
𝑚
You can also say that if two lines are perpendicular, the product of their gradients is -1.
Exercises
Quadratic Graph
Quadratic graphs 𝒚 = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄

You have seen how to plot straight lines of type 𝒚 = 𝒎𝒙 + 𝒄;
but, in reality, many graphs are curved.
Quadratic expressions are those in which the highest power of x
is 𝒙𝟐 and they produce curves called parabolas.
Exercise
1. Draw a graph for each equation after compiling a suitable
table between the stated 𝑥 values.
(a) y = x 2 + 2 for −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
(b) y = −3x 2 + 2x + 4 for −3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3
(c) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 3 )( 2𝑥 − 5 ) for −4 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4
(d) 𝑦 = (2𝑥 − 3 )2 for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4
2. The distance 𝑦 m fallen by a free-falling parachutist

𝑡 seconds after jumping out of an airplane is given by the
equation 𝑦 = 5𝑡 2 .
(a) Draw the graph of 𝑦 against t for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 5.
(b) Use your graph to estimate:
(i) The distance fallen after 3.5 seconds.
(ii) The number of seconds it takes the parachutist
to fall 25m.
3. Copy and complete the tables, then draw the graph.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Solving quadratic equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 using graphs
Exercises
Cubic Graph
The graph of a cubic function,

which can be written in the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, where a ≠ 0,
has one of the shapes shown here.
Exercises
!
Pythagoras
Videos 257, 260, 261 on www.corbettmaths.com
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Examples iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Workout iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Click here
Question 1: For each right angle triangle below, work out x
(a) (b) (c)
Question 2: Calculate x
Give each answer to 2 decimal places.
(a) (b) (c)
(d) (e) (f)
Include suitable units and give each answer to 1 decimal place.
(a) (b) (c)
Question 4: For each right angle triangle below, work out x
(a) (b) (c)
!
Pythagoras
(a) (b) (c)
(d) (e) (f)
Question 6: Calculate x for each right angle triangle.

(a) (b) (c)
(d) (e) (f)
(g) (h) (i)
(j) (k) (l)
!
Pythagoras
Question 7: Work out if each triangle below is right angled or not.

The triangles are not drawn accurately.
(a) (b) (c)
Apply
Question 1: A 9m ladder is placed against a wall.

The foot of the ladder is 1.5m from the foot of the wall.
How far up the wall does the ladder reach?
Question 2: Shown is a square with side length 5cm.

Find the length of the diagonal, x.
Question 3: Shown is a right angle triangle.

Calculate:
(a) the perimeter of the triangle.

(b) the area of the triangle.
Question 4: A rectangle is 20cm long and 8cm wide.

Find the length of the diagonal of the rectangle.
Question 5: An airplane is Ylying from Redville to Leek.

The airplane Ylies 50 miles East and then 180 miles South.
How far is Leek from Redville directly?
Question 6: A frame is made from wire.

The frame is a trapezium
Calculate the total amount of wire needed to make
the frame.
Give your answer to 1 decimal place.
!
Pythagoras
Question 7: ABC is an isosceles triangle.
(a) Find h.
(b) Find the area of the triangle.
Question 8: Shown is an equilateral triangle.
Find the area of the equilateral triangle.
Question 9: Stanley has drawn a right angle triangle.

One side is 14cm and another is 18cm.
There are two possible lengths for the third side.
What are they?
Question 10: ABC and BCD are right angle triangles.

Find the length of AB
Question 11: A wooden Ylagpole is 25 foot tall.

In a storm, the Ylagpole is broken and its top
touches the ground 5 foot from the base.
Find the lengths of the segments of the Ylagpole.
Question 12: Benjamin has completed this question.

Can you spot any mistakes?
!
Pythagoras
Question 13: Chantelle has completed this question.

Question 14: Victor has completed this question.

Answers iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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Click here
YEAR 9 EXTRA LESSONS : CIRCLES

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1) Write in standard form

2) Write in standard form

Examples of surds: 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 etc.

the following are not surds:

these are true in both directions.

We usually want to simplify expressions involving surds.

Adding and subtracting surds:

Just as in algebra − like terms can be added and subtracted

e.g. Simplify: 5 3−2 3 → 5 3−2 3 → 3 3

1. Express 50 as a surd in its simplest form.

3. Express 32 − 2 as a surd in its simplest form.

5. Express 72 − 2 + 50 as a surd in its simplest form

6. Express 32 + 8 as a surd in its simplest form.

7. Multiply out the brackets 2 ( 6− 2 )

When we have a surd in the denominator, it is better to simplify it further.

e.g. Rationalise the denominator.

Clearly this will always work since: a× a → a×a → a2 → a

Rationalise the denominators:

Past Paper Questions:

Question 1: Work out each of the following

(p) √2 ╳ √2 ╳ √2 (q) √2 ╳ √3 ╳ √2 ╳ √3

Question 2: Work out each of the following

(a) (√3)² (b) (√7)² (c) (√10)² (d) (√5)²

Question 3: Work out each of the following

(a) (√2)³ (b) (√6)³ (c) (√10)³ (d) (√3)³

(e) (√3)⁴ (f) (√5)⁴ (g) (√10)⁴ (h) (√2)⁵

Question 4: Work out each of the following

(i) 2√2 ╳ √5 ╳ 4√3 (j) 3√2 ╳ 2√6 ╳ 2√3

Question 5: Work out each of the following

Question 6: Work out each of the following

Question 7: Work out each of the following

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Question 8: Simplify the following

Question 9: Simplify the following

(a) √6 ╳ √10 (b) √15 ╳ √10 (c) √30 ╳ √6

(d) √22 ╳ √10 (e) 3√2 ╳ √6 (f) √14 ╳ 4√2

(g) 4√6 ╳ 3√15 (h) 2√70 ╳ 3√10 (i) 5√10 ╳ 2√30

Question 11: Work out the following additions/subtractions

Question 12: Work out the following additions/subtractions

(e) 4√80 + 3√45 (f) 6√75 − 2√12 (g) 10√7 + 2√175

(i) √27 (√2 + √3) (j) √12 (7 − √3)

(m) (3 + √2)² (n) (1 + √5)² (o) (10 − √2)²

(p) (√5 + √2)² (q) (2√3 − 1)² (r) (5√2 + 3√3)²

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f) (g) (h)

(i) (j) (k) (l)

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(e) (f) (g) (h)

(a) (b) (c)

(a) (b) (c)

Question 5: Mrs Jenkins is making decorations for a wedding.

Find the area of the shaded square.

Question 7: The area of a rectangle is √125 cm²

2. Factorising double brackets

3. Differences of two squares

7.Simplify the following

8.Simplify the following

10.Simplify the following.

The quadratic formula is a formula that provides solutions to quadratic equations.

Solving Quadratics ................................................................... 20

11. (x + 1)2 = 6(x + 1)

2. Make 𝒕 the subject of the formula 𝜔 = 3𝑡 + 11

5. Make 𝒕 the subject of the formula 𝑝 = 𝑎𝑡 − 𝑑

6. Rearrange this formula to make 𝒚 the subject.