ANEROID BAROMETER

A TOOL THAT MEASURES AIR PRESSURE THAT DOES NOT INVOLVE THE USE
OF LIQUIDS. IT INCLUDES AN EVACUATED CAPSULE WITH A FLEXIBLE WALL
WHOSE WALL DEFLECTS IN RESPONSE TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE. AN INDICATOR NEEDLE IS MECHANICALLY CONNECTED TO THIS
DEFLECTION. IT IS A VERY USEFUL DEVICE WHICH HELPS IN PREDICTING THE
WEATHER.
U-TUBE MANOMETER

A MANOMETER IS A DEVICE USED TO MEASURE FLOW OR PRESSURE THAT

HAS A SMALL, U-SHAPED TUBE FILLED WITH LIQUID. IT IS MOSTLY USED IN THE
WORKPLACE FOR CALIBRATION AND IS USED TO MEASURE GAUGE PRESSURE.
BOURDON GAUGE

A BOURDON GAUGE IS A MECHANICAL TOOL USED TO MEASURE AND

SHOW PRESSURE. IT IS MADE OF A TUBE BENT INTO AN ARC OR COIL. THE COIL
UNWINDS WHEN THE TUBE'S PRESSURE RISES. A POINTER ATTACHED TO THE
TUBE'S END CAN BE CONNECTED TO A LEVER AND A POINTER ADJUSTED TO
SHOW PRESSURE. IT IS SUITABLE FOR MEASURING PRESSURE IN SYSTEMS WITH
LIQUID OR GASEOUS STATES AND FOR A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS FOR MEDIUM
TO HIGH-PRESSURE MEASUREMENT. MOREOVER, IT IS THE MOST COMMON
PRESSURE GAUGE.
MERCURY THERMOMETER

A THERMOMETER IS A DEVICE THAT IS USED TO MEASURE TEMPERATURE.

A MERCURY THERMOMETER CONSISTS OF A GLASS TUBE FILLED WITH MERCURY
AND A STANDARD TEMPERATURE SCALE IS MARKED ON THE TUBE. WITH
CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE, THE MERCURY EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS, AND THE
TEMPERATURE CAN BE READ FROM THE SCALE. MERCURY THERMOMETERS CAN
BE USED IN HOUSEHOLDS, LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS, AND INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS.
INFRARED

AN INFRARED THERMOMETER IS A THERMOMETER WHICH MEASURES

TEMPERATURE FROM A PORTION OF THE THERMAL RADIATION, SOMETIMES
CALLED BLACK-BODY RADIATION, EMITTED BY THE OBJECT BEING MEASURED. IT
ALSO ALLOWS MEASURING TEMPERATURE QUICKLY AT A DISTANCE AND
WITHOUT DIRECT CONTACT. IT IS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL IN COMMERCIAL KITCHENS,
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, AND HOME APPLICATIONS.
THERMOCOUPLE

A THERMOCOUPLE, ALSO CALLED AS A "THERMOELECTRICAL

THERMOMETER", IS AN ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT THAT CONSISTS OF TWO
DISSIMILAR ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS FORMING AN ELECTRICAL JUNCTION. A
THERMOCOUPLE CREATES A TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VOLTAGE BECAUSE OF
THE SEEBECK EFFECT, AND THIS VOLTAGE CAN BE INTERPRETED TO MEASURE
TEMPERATURE. THERMOCOUPLES ARE USED IN APPLICATIONS SUCH AS HOME
APPLIANCES; INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES; ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION; FURNACE
MONITORING AND CONTROL; FOOD AND BEVERAGE PROCESSING; AUTOMOTIVE
SENSORS; AIRCRAFT ENGINES; AND ROCKETS, SATELLITES, AND SPACECRAFT.
ULTRASONIC

AN ULTRASONIC FLOW METER IS A DEVICE THAT MEASURES THE FLOW OF

A LIQUID OR GAS BY SENDING ULTRASONIC WAVES ACROSS A PIPE, CONTAINING
THE FLOW IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FLOW AND IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION OF
THE FLOW. THE ULTRASONIC WAVES AND THE LIQUID OR GAS FLOW’S VELOCITY
CAN BE COMBINED TO DETERMINE THE FLOW RATE. ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS
ARE COMMONLY USED IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES. THEY ARE ALSO USED IN
CHEMICAL, PHARMACEUTICAL, FOOD AND BEVERAGE, METAL, MINING, PULP
AND PAPER AND WASTEWATER INDUSTRIES.
ELECTROMAGNETIC

ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOW METERS (OR MAGMETERS) ARE A TYPE OF

VELOCITY OR VOLUMETRIC FLOW METER THAT OPERATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH
FARADAY’S LAW OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. THEY ARE USEFUL IN THE
EVALUATION OF POTABLE WATER, AT CONSTRUCTION SITES OF THE FLOW
MEASUREMENT OF SLURRIES, AT PETROLEUM PLANTS TO MEASURE THE FLOW
RATE OF COMBUSTIBLE FUELS, AND IN MEASURING DISPLACEMENT OF
EXPLOSIVE LIQUIDS, PAINTS, AND ABRASIVES.
VENTURI

VENTURI METERS ARE FLOW MEASUREMENT TOOLS WHICH USE A

CONVERGING SECTION OF PIPE TO GIVE AN INCREASE IN THE FLOW VELOCITY
AND A CORRESPONDING PRESSURE DROP FROM WHICH THE FLOWRATE CAN BE
INFERRED. MOREOVER, IT IS A TYPE OF FLOWMETER THAT WORKS ON THE
PRINCIPLE OF BERNOULLI’S EQUATION. THE VENTURI FLOW METER IS USED IN A
WIDE VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS THAT INCLUDES GAS, LIQUIDS, SLURRIES,
SUSPENDED OILS AND OTHER PROCESSES WHERE PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS IS
NOT TOLERABLE.
TACHOMETER

A TACHOMETER IS A DEVICE USED TO MEASURE THE ROTATIONAL SPEED

OF A SHAFT OR DISK. IT IS DESIGNED TO MEASURE THE REVOLUTIONS PER
MINUTE (RPM) OF A MOVING OBJECT. TACHOMETERS ARE COMMONLY USED IN
MOTORS AND OTHER MACHINES AND ARE WIDELY FOUND IN THE AUTOMOTIVE
AND AVIATION INDUSTRIES.
LIDAR
 LIDAR STANDS FOR LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING. A LIDAR SPEED GUN
IS A DEVICE THAT USES LIGHT WAVES TO DETECT THE SPEED OF A PASSING
OBJECT. IT WORKS BY PROJECTING A LASER BEAM AT A TARGET AND MEASURING
THE TIME IT TAKES FOR THE REFLECTED LIGHT TO RETURN. THE DEVICE THEN
CALCULATES THE TARGET’S SPEED BASED ON ITS DISTANCE FROM THE GUN.
POLICE USE LIDAR TO CALCULATE CAR AND TRUCK SPEED.
ANEMOMETER

AN ANEMOMETER IS A DEVICE THAT MEASURES WIND SPEED AND WIND

PRESSURE. IT IS USED AT ALMOST ALL WEATHER STATIONS. IT IS USED IN
WEATHER APPLICATIONS BECAUSE WIND SPEED HELPS INDICATE A CHANGE IN
WEATHER PATTERNS, SUCH AS AN APPROACHING STORM, WHICH IS IMPORTANT
FOR PILOTS, ENGINEERS, AND CLIMATOLOGISTS.
SPRING SCALE

ALSO CALLED A SPRING BALANCE OR NEWTON METER, THIS INSTRUMENT

IS USED PRIMARILY TO WEIGH ITEMS OR OBJECTS BY ATTACHING THEM TO A
HOOK AT THE BOTTOM OF THE DEVICE AND WORKS BASED ON HOOKE'S LAW.
THE SPRING SCALE CONVERTS THE EXTENSION TO MEASURING WEIGHT USING
AN ANALOG OR DIGITAL GAUGE ATTACHED TO THE DEVICE. PRIMARY USES OF
SPRING BALANCES ARE TO WEIGH HEAVY LOADS SUCH AS TRUCKS, STORAGE
SILOS, AND MATERIAL CARRIED ON A CONVEYOR BELT.
TRIPLE BEAM

THE TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE IS A TYPICAL INSTRUMENT THAT MEASURES

THE MASS OF VARIOUS OBJECTS. IT CONSISTS OF THREE BEAMS, EACH OF WHICH
IS PROVIDED WITH A SINGLE SLIDING WEIGHT THAT HAS A SIZE CORRESPONDING
TO THE GRADATIONS OF THE NOTCHED SCALE ON EACH BEAM. IT IS AN
INSTRUMENT USED TO MEASURE MASS VERY PRECISELY. SUCH DEVICES USUALLY
HAVE A READING ERROR OF ±0.05 GRAMS.
WEIGHING SCALE

A WEIGHING SCALE IS A MEASURING DEVICE USED TO DETERMINE THE

WEIGHT OF AN OBJECT. IT IS USED IN MANY INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL
APPLICATIONS. THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCALES USED FOR DIFFERENT
APPLICATIONS SUCH AS HOUSEHOLD, BUSINESS, AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS.
PLANIMETER

A PLANIMETER, ALSO KNOWN AS A PLATOMETER, IS A MEASURING DEVICE

USED TO DETERMINE THE AREA OF AN IRREGULAR TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHAPE.
PLANIMETERS ARE MOSTLY USED BY ENGINEERS, SURVEYORS, CONTRACTORS,
DESIGNERS, MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS, AND MORE.
THEODOLITE

THEODOLITE IS A SURVEYING INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING ANGLES

BETWEEN DESIGNATED VISIBLE POINTS IN THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL
PLANES. IT CONSISTS OF A SMALL TRIPOD-MOUNTED TELESCOPE THAT IS FREE TO
MOVE IN BOTH THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANES. IT IS MOSTLY USED FOR
SURVEYING APPLICATIONS AND HAS BEEN ADAPTED FOR SPECIALIZED PURPOSES
IN FIELDS LIKE METROLOGY AND ROCKET LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY.
TAPE MEASURE

A TAPE MEASURE OR MEASURING TAPE IS A FLEXIBLE RULER AND A

PORTABLE DEVICE USED TO MEASURE LENGTH OR DISTANCE BETWEEN OBJECTS.
IT IS A COMMON MEASURING TOOL AND HAS A VARIETY OF USES INCLUDING
TEXTILE AND TAILORING, HOME AND CONSTRUCTION, FITNESS, AND INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS.
GRADUATED CYLINDER

A GRADUATED CYLINDER IS A PIECE OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT USED TO

ACCURATELY MEASURE THE VOLUME OF LIQUIDS, CHEMICALS OR SOLUTIONS.
GRADUATED CYLINDERS ARE MORE ACCURATE AND PRECISE THAN LABORATORY
FLASKS AND BEAKERS. HOWEVER, THEY ARE NOT INTENDED FOR MIXING,
STIRRING, HEATING, OR WEIGHING.
ERLENMEYER

ERLENMEYER FLASKS HAVE A NARROW, CYLINDRICAL NECK AND A CONICAL

BASE WITH A FLAT BOTTOM. ERLENMEYER FLASKS ARE MOSTLY USED FOR
MIXING, HEATING, COOLING, INCUBATION, FILTRATION, STORAGE, AND OTHER
LIQUID-HANDLING PROCESSES. FURTHERMORE, IT IS ONLY USED FOR MEASURING
APPROXIMATE VOLUMES OF SOLUTIONS.
BEAKER

BEAKERS ARE CYLINDRICAL, GLASS CONTAINERS WITH A ROLLED LIP AND

SPOUT FOR POURING. THE MEASUREMENTS ARE MARKED ON THE SIDE OF THE
BEAKER. HOWEVER, IT IS ONLY USED FOR MEASURING APPROXIMATE VOLUMES
OF SOLUTIONS. MOREOVER, IT IS A LABORATORY EQUIPMENT USED FOR A
VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS, INCLUDING CREATING CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND
HEATING SOLUTIONS OVER A BUNSEN BURNER.