English 10. 3rd Quarter Reviwer. Ict 10-ryzen.

"Argumentative Essay.."
What is an argument?

- Is an idea that supports the claim.

- An argumentative essay presents evidences for a claim in order to let

the

reader know why it is more favorable.

-It also shows why the other side of an issue is unfavorable or less
favorable.

- It also includes, like any other essay, an introduction and conclusion.

The following are terms related to an argumentative essay.

Issue – an idea about which the opinions of people are different.

Claim – a statement by an author about an issue. A claim has a

significant

amount of disagreement about it. A claim needs supportin

arguments. A claim is also called a position, stand, or point of view.

Argument – an idea that supports the claim. An argument needs

supporting evidences.
Evidence – facts in the real world that can be used to support an
argument.

Examples of evidences are statistics, data from studies, historical

events,

habitual practices, and other facts that can support an argument

Counterargument – an idea given by the opposing side against the

claim

given in the argumentative essay

Rebuttal – the response to the counterargument.

Pro – an argument in favor of a claim or advantage regarding something

Con - an argument against a claim or disadvantage regarding something

Why is it important to learn to write an argumentative essay.

Learning how to write an argumentative essay will help you to develop

critical

thinking and research skills along with developing how to rationally

defend a

position. These skills will help you progress academically and

occupationally.

Argumentative essays have the following elements: claim, arguments,

evidences, counterargument, rebuttal, and conclusion.
Components of an Argumentative Essay

INTRODUCTION

- background of the

subject/topic or

thesis.

BODY

- present your

position with

supported

evidence

REFUTATION

- counterclaim

and rebuttal

CONCLUSION

- summarize key points.

INTRODUCTION – it is an introductory paragraph; it is in the start of the

essay.
this is called the “gateway” of an essay.

it is because it attracts the attention of readers to the essay and gives

the readers background information about the topic.

it also introduces the thesis statement of the essay, which is

the heart of an essay, and tells what to be discussed in the

body paragraphs.

BODY – it is the body paragraph where facts of the given thesis

statements of the essay are written.

- it is where the arguments are written to support the statements.

REFUTATION/COUNTERARGUMENT – it is the argument to refute

earlier

arguments and give weight to the actual position.

CONCLUSION – it is rephrasing the thesis statement, major points, call

attention, or just having the concluding remarks. It even has some
recommendations.

Using Informative Writing Techniques.

An informative text educates readers about a topic or subject. It is
meant to inform others using credible sources as evidence – facts,
statistics, and other research data. Informative texts usually answer the
five Ws: who,where, when, what, and why. Sometimes, they also
describe “how” to do or accomplish something.

The introduction

Grabbing the attention of readers is part of the beginning - formally

known as introduction. It is where the thesis statement is found. The
thesis statement is considered the most essential part of informative
writing. According to Kristina Barroso in her article “Informative Writing
Techniques”, the thesis statement is Known as the road map of an
informative text because the whole essay is built around it. The thesis
sentence is a sentence that summarizes the entire essay.Aside from
stating the thesis statement, writers introduce the main idea, provide
definition for difficult words/concepts, and give a short description on
what will be discussed.

The body

The body or the middle part is where the thesis statement is fully
explained. Evidence such as facts, statistics, statements from experts,
and other supporting
details are found in this section. This section requires citing sources of
information. The evidence presented will be the basis if the information
is reliable, accurate, and unbiased.
The conclusion

The conclusion reiterates the thesis statement and summarizes the

main points of the informative text. No new evidence must be
presented at this point because all ideas must have already been
discussed in the body.

Persuasive Writing Techniques.

Persuasive writing is a type of writing that aims at convincing people to
think, feel, or to act in the writer’s way. Persuasive texts may be in the
form of essays in books, articles in newspapers and magazines, posters
and, of course,advertisements. All these forms of persuasion try to get
the readers to agree or to take an action.

A persuasive writing usually contains: a) the writer’s opinion, which

he/she

wants the readers to accept; b) evidence or information to support the

writer’sopinion; c) the action that the writer wants the readers to do.

Here are some of the effective and commonly used persuasive

techniques used by writers to achieve their purpose.

1. Rhetorical Question. This is a question that is not intended to be

answered.Instead, it is meant to state the obvious, or to challenge the
readers and to make them think.
2. Repetition. Repeating key words or phrases will likely make readers
remember them.

3. Bandwagon. This is the technique that would convince a reader to

believein an idea because the majority or everybody else believes it’s
true. For a learning setup.

4. Appeal to Emotion. The use of emotive language can help sway the
readers to side with the writer or to do what he says. For example: Be
thankful that you have more than what you need. Others children do
not even have a roof above their head, but they study harder than
anyone.
5. Appeal to Authority. The writer needs to establish himself as an
authority in the topic he is writing about by using facts, figures, and
other proofs that would support his opinions or claims.

Compose an Independent Critique of a Chosen

Selection.

A critique is an in-depth evaluation of a story, novel, film, or other

reading/viewing materials for the purpose of giving the public an
insight into the text. Although a critique shares the same root with the
word “criticize,” it does not mean that the write-up merely points out
the faults or flaws in a story or film.

Critical essays about texts are indeed very important in helping us make
sense of what we just read or viewed

Setting: How well was the setting developed? Does it appeal to more
than one of the senses? Does it inform or connect to other aspects of
the story such as character development and narrative style?

Characterization: How well-drawn are the characters in the story? Do

we know enough about them (life, attitudes, some type of history, etc.)
to make them interesting and relatable? Are there unnecessary
characters.

Conflict and Plot: Is there a conflict in the story? Is the plot interesting,
original and well-developed? Are there unnecessary and confusing
subplots?

Theme: How well does the story speak to the readers? Does it raise
questions about life, or provide profound insights.

Style: How distinctive or unique is the writing style? Are there literary
devices or techniques used? Is it purposeful? Does the style remind you
of any other authors you have read?
Critiquing a Literary Selection: Formalist
Approach

Vocabulary Development

Etymology: The word ‘formalism’ derived from the word ‘form’ or

structure. The ‘ism’ is a belief or an approach of looking at things

Literary Criticism is the evaluation, analysis, description, or

interpretation of literary works.

Critique (verb) means to critically evaluate, analyze or give careful

judgment in which you give your opinion about a literary work

critique (noun) is a detailed evaluation or analysis of a literary piece.

Critic is a person who judges, evaluates, or analyzes a literary piece.

Formalism or Formalist Approach.

It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual part of the
text from the individual scenes and chapters, the characters, the
settings, the tone, the point of view, the theme, and all other literary
elements and devices such as imagery .
Character- It is a person, animal, being ,creature or anything personified
in a story.
Setting-It is not only the place and time a story takes place but also
includes the atmosphere.
Tone- It is the overall emotion conveyed by both
the choices of words, theme, sensory images, symbolism and the
narrator of the story such as suspenseful, affectionate, happy or sad.
Point of View- It answers the question “Who is telling the story?”
Types: 1. First person- It uses either of the two pronouns “I” or “We”.
The narrator is a participant in the story relating his or her
ownexperiences directly or an observer.

2. Second person- The story is told to “You”.

3. Third person- It uses pronouns “They”, “She”, “He”, “It” or a name.

The narrator may
be omniscient (all- knowing) or has a full access to the thoughts and
experiences of all characters in the story or may be a limited omniscient
who usually cannot see into minds or know the future, etc.

Theme- It is the author’s message to the readers.

Imagery-It consists of descriptive language to

create images in the mind of the readers through There senses.