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    1. The mass spectrum of an element shows the mass and relative abundance of each isotope. For example, the mass spectrum of neon shows three peaks - at 20 amu (90.9% abundance), 21 amu (0.26% abundance) and 22 amu (8.8% abundance). 2. Mass spectra can be used to determine the relative molecular mass (Mr) of molecules and compounds. The peak with the highest m/z value corresponds to the Mr of the molecule or compound. 3. Mass spectra are also useful for identifying unknown samples by comparing their spectra to known spectra of elements and compounds. This allows scientists to determine elemental and molecular compositions.

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    Chemsheets as 002 (Mass Spectroscopy)

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    1. The mass spectrum of an element shows the mass and relative abundance of each isotope. For example, the mass spectrum of neon shows three peaks - at 20 amu (90.9% abundance), 21 amu (0.26% abundance) and 22 amu (8.8% abundance). 2. Mass spectra can be used to determine the relative molecular mass (Mr) of molecules and compounds. The peak with the highest m/z value corresponds to the Mr of the molecule or compound. 3. Mass spectra are also useful for identifying unknown samples by comparing their spectra to known spectra of elements and compounds. This allows scientists to determine elemental and molecular compositions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views2 pages

    Chemsheets As 002 (Mass Spectroscopy)

    Uploaded by

    justinpro7644
    1. The mass spectrum of an element shows the mass and relative abundance of each isotope. For example, the mass spectrum of neon shows three peaks - at 20 amu (90.9% abundance), 21 amu (0.26% abundance) and 22 amu (8.8% abundance). 2. Mass spectra can be used to determine the relative molecular mass (Mr) of molecules and compounds. The peak with the highest m/z value corresponds to the Mr of the molecule or compound. 3. Mass spectra are also useful for identifying unknown samples by comparing their spectra to known spectra of elements and compounds. This allows scientists to determine elemental and molecular compositions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Mass spectra of elements

    For an element, the mass spectrum shows the mass of all the isotopes and the
    relative amount of each. For example, here is the mass spectrum of neon.

    20
    Mass spectroscopy provides an accurate way of measuring the mass of atoms and Relative
    Ne 90.9 %
    molecules. abundance 21
    Ne 0.26 %
    22
    strong electromagnet Ne 8.8 %

    Ar = [ (90.9 x 20) + (0.26 x 21) + (8.8 x 22) ] = 20.17


    (90.9 + 0.26 + 8.8)
    19 20 21 22 23
    sample
    detector m/z
    electric field to
    accelerate and focus lithium 6Li (7.4%) 7Li (92.6%)

    electron gun

    gallium 69Ga (1.00) 71Ga (0.66)


    1) Ionisation

    iron 54Fe (5.8%) 56Fe (91.6%) 57Fe (2.2%) 58Fe (0.3%)

    2) Acceleration
    Mass spectra of molecules

    For elements that are made of Mass spectra can be used to find the
    molecules, peaks will be seen for the Mr of molecules. The peak with the
    molecules as well as the atoms, e.g. greatest m/z corresponds to the Mr, but
    3) Deflection Cl2. beware of isotopes.

    70 (35Cl-35Cl)+
    43

    72 (37Cl-35Cl)+
    4) Detection

    35 (35Cl)+ 29

    58

    37 (37Cl)+ 74 (37Cl-37Cl)+

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110


    m/z m/z

    © www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 19-Feb-12 Chemsheets AS 002


    b) On the diagram, sketch the path of the following ions under the same
    1) The mass spectrum of conditions:
    a compound is shown. 24 +
    What is the relative i) Mg ion labelled P
    26 +
    molecular mass of the ii) Mg ion labelled Q
    compound? iii)
    25
    Mg
    2+
    ion labelled R

    4) a) Calculate the relative atomic mass of lead given the mass spectroscopy
    data below.

    b) Identify the species responsible for the peak at m/z 208.


    2) The mass spectrum of a compound is shown. What is the relative molecular mass of
    the compound? m/z 204 206 207 208
    relative intensity 0.287 4.51 4.32 10.00

    5) Calculate the relative atomic mass of chromium given the mass spectroscopy
    data below.

    m/z 50 52 53 54
    relative abundance (%) 4.3 83.8 9.5 2.4

    6) Calculate the relative atomic mass of krypton given the mass spectroscopy
    data below.

    3)
    25 +
    a) The diagram shows the path of a Mg ion through a mass spectrometer. Name m/z 78 80 82 83 84 86
    the processes taking place at A, B, C and D. relative abundance (%) 0.3 2.3 11.6 11.5 56.9 17.4

    7) Calculate the relative atomic mass of strontium given the mass spectroscopy
    data below.

    m/z 84 86 87 88
    relative intensity 0.00678 0.120 0.085 1.000

    © www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 19-Feb-12 Chemsheets AS 002

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