NPT vs.

BSP Thread Types and

Dimensions: A Comprehensive
Guide
Nicky S

In the world of plumbing, hydraulic systems, and other industrial

applications, choosing the right thread type and understanding its
dimensions are crucial. Two common thread types used globally are
NPT (National Pipe Thread) and BSP (British Standard Pipe). In this
blog post, we will delve into the intricacies of NPT and BSP threads,
providing you with a clear understanding of their dimensions and the
significance of minor and major dimensions.

What Are Minor and Major Dimensions?

1. Minor Dimension: The minor dimension represents the inside

diameter of the pipe or fitting at the base of the threads. It's
where the thread starts to narrow or taper. This measurement is
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 crucial for ensuring a proper seal.

2. Major Dimension: The major dimension represents the outside

diameter of the pipe or fitting at the peak of the threads. It's the
widest point of the threads. This measurement is important for
determining the overall size and compatibility of the threads.

NPT Thread Type

NPT threads, also known as National Pipe Thread, are widely used in
the United States. These threads are tapered, which means the
diameter of the threads decreases from the top (minor end) to the
bottom (major end). NPT threads are known for their self-sealing
properties, making them ideal for applications involving liquids and
gases.

Major and Minor Dimensions of NPT Threads

The major dimension of an NPT thread refers to the diameter at the

large (bottom) end, while the minor dimension is the diameter at the
small (top) end. Let's take a closer look at NPT thread dimensions for
sizes ranging from 1/8" to 3/4" in both inches and millimeters.

Major Major Minor Minor

Size Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
(inches) (mm) (inches) (mm)
:
 1/8" 0.405 10.29 0.383 9.73
1/4" 0.540 13.72 0.526 13.36
3/8" 0.675 17.15 0.660 16.76
1/2" 0.840 21.34 0.814 20.68
3/4" 1.050 26.67 1.026 26.05

BSP Thread Type

BSP threads, on the other hand, are the standard in the United
Kingdom and various other countries. These threads are parallel,
meaning the diameter remains consistent along the entire length of
the thread. BSP threads are commonly used in plumbing,
automotive, and other mechanical applications.

Major and Minor Dimensions of BSP Threads

For BSP threads, the major and minor dimensions are somewhat
simpler compared to NPT threads because they are parallel. Below,
you'll find the major and minor dimensions for BSP threads in sizes
ranging from 1/8" to 3/4" in both inches and millimeters.

Major Major Minor Minor

Size Diameter Diameter Diameter Diameter
(inches) (mm) (inches) (mm)
1/8" 0.383 9.73 0.337 8.56
1/4" 0.518 13.16 0.492 12.50
3/8" 0.656 16.66 0.628 15.95
1/2" 0.825 20.96 0.791 20.09
3/4" 1.041 26.44 0.993 25.22

Conclusion

Understanding NPT and BSP thread types and their dimensions is

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 essential for anyone working with pipes and fittings. NPT threads
have a tapered design with both major and minor dimensions, while
BSP threads are parallel with consistent dimensions along their
length.

By referencing the provided tables, you can easily find the major and
minor dimensions for common thread sizes in both inches and
millimeters. This knowledge will enable you to select the appropriate
thread type and size for your specific application, ensuring a secure
and leak-free connection.
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