Acetylene- a highly combustible gas composed of carbon and hydrogen.

Used
as a fuel gas in the oxyacetylene welding process.
Air- Carbon Arc Cutting (CAC-A)- an arc cutting process in which metals to be
cut are melted by the heat of the arc.
Alloy- a mixture with metallic properties composed of two or more elements, off
which at least one is metal.
Alternating current- an electric current that reverse its direction at regularly
reoccurring intervals.
Annealing- a comprehensive term used to describe the heating and cooling
cycle of steel in the solid state. The term annealing usually implies relatively
slow cooling magnetic forces.
Arc brazing- a brazing process wherein the heat is obtain from an electric arc
form between the base metal and electrode, or between two electrodes.
Arc cutting- a group of cutting processes in which the heat of an arc between
the electrode and the base metal.
Arc force- also called Dig bad Arc Control. Gives power source variable
additional amperage during low voltage (short length) conditions while welding.
Arc length- the distance between the tip of the electrode and base metal.
Arc voltage- the voltage across the welding arc.
Arc welding- a group of welding process in which fusion is obtained by heating
with an electric arc.
Arc-oxygen cutting- an oxygen cutting process used to sever metals by a
chemical reaction of oxygen with a base metal at elevated temperature.
Automatic Hydrogen Cutting- an arc welding process in which fusion is
obtained by heating with an arc maintained between two metal electrodes in an
atmosphere of hydrogen.
Axis of a weld- a line through the length of a weld, perpendicular to a cross
section at a centre of gravity.
Back gouging- the removal of weld metal, gouging or grinding from the other
side of a partially welded joint to assure complete penetration upon subsequent
welding from that side.
Back pass- a pass made to deposited back weld.
Back up- a weld deposited at the back of a single groove weld.
Bare electrode- an arc welding electrode that has no coating other than that
incidental to the drawing of the fire.
Backing strip- a piece of material used to retain molten metal at the root of the
weld and/ increase the thermal capacity of the joint so as to prevent excessive
warping of the base metal.
Backing weld- a weld bead applied to the root of a single groove joint to assure
complete root penetration.
Back step- a sequent of bead increments are deposited in a direction opposite
to the direction of progress.
Backhand welding- a welding technique in which the flame is directed towards
the completed weld.
Bare metal arc welding- an arc welding process in which fusion is obtained by
heating with an unshielded arc between a bare or light coated electrode and
the work. Pressure is not used and filler metal is obtained from the electrode.
Base metal- the metal to be welded or cut.
Bead weld- a type of weld composed of one or more string or weave beads
deposited on unbroken surface.
Bevel angle- the angle formed between the prepared edge of a member and a
plane perpendicular to the surface of the member.
Block brazing- a brazing process in which bonding is produced by the heat
obtained from heated blocks applied to the parts to be joined and by a
nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 800? F (427? C), but below
that a base metal.
Block sequence-a building up sequence of continuous multi-pass welds in
which separate lengths of weld are completely or partially built up before
intervening lengths are deposited.
Braze- a group of welding process in which a groove, filler, lap, or flange joint is
bounded by using a nonferrous filler metal.
Bridging- a welding defect caused by a poor penetration. A void at the root of
the weld is spanned by weld metals.
Buckling- a distortion caused by the heat of a welding process.
Build sequence- the order in which the weld beads of a multi-pass weld are
deposited with respect to the cross section of a joint.
Butt joint- a joint between two work pieces in such a manner that the weld
joining the parts is between the surface planes of both of the pieces joined.
Butt weld- a weld in a butt joint
Carbon-arc cutting- a process of cutting metals with the heat of an arc
between a carbon electrode and the work.
Carbon-arc welding- a welding process in which fusion is produced by an arc
between a carbon electrode and the work. Pressure and/or shielding may or
may not be used.
Chain intermittent fillet weld- two lines of intermittent fillets weld I s T lap
joint in which the welds in one approximately opposite those in the other line.
Chain intermittent weld- an intermittent weld on each side of joint (usually
fillet welds in T and Lap joints) arranged so that the welds lie opposite to one
another along the joint.
Co2 flux welding- metal-arc welding in which a bare wire electrode is used the
arc and molten pool being shielded with carbon dioxide.
Coalescence- the uniting and fusing of metals upon heating.
Composite electrode- filler metal electrode used in arc welding, consisting of
more than one metal component combined mechanically, it may or it may not
include materials that improve the properties of the weld, or stabilize the arc.
Composite joint- a joint in which both thermal and mechanical process are
used to unite the base metal pars.
Concave fillet weld- a fillet weld in which the welds face in concave (curved
inwards).
Concavity- the maximum perpendicular distance from the face of a concave
weld to a line joining the toes.
Concurrent heating- supplemental heat applied to a structure during the
course of welding.
Cone- the conical part of a gas flame next to the orifice of the tip.
Constant current (cc) welding machine- these welding machine have limited
maximum short circuit. They have a negative volt-amp curve and are often
referred to as droppers.
Constant voltage (CV) constant potential (cp) welding machine- potential
and voltage are basically the same in meaning. This type of welding machine
output maintains a relatively stable, consistent voltage regardless of an
amperage output.
Constant-feed wire feeder- feeder operates from 25 to 115 VAC supplied by
the welding power source.
Consumable insert- preplaced filler metal which is completely fused into the
root of the joint and become part of the weld.
Continuous weld- a weld extending along the entire length of a joint.
Convexity- the maximum perpendicular distance from the face of a convex
fillet weld to a line joining the toes.
Cover glass- a clear glass used in goggles, hand shield, and helmets to protect
the filter glass from spattering material.
Covered electrode- a metal electrode with a covering material which stabilizes
the arc and improves the properties of the welding metal. The material may be
an external wrapping of paper, asbestos, and other material or a flux coating.
Crack- a fracture type discontinuity characterized by a sharp tip and high ratio
of length and width to opening displacement.
Crater- a depression at the termination of an Arc weld.
Current- another name of amperage. The amount of electricity flowing past a
point in a conductor every second.
Cutting electrode- an electrode with a covering that aids the production of
such an arc that the molten metal is blown away to produced a groove or cut in
the work.
Cutting oxygen- oxygen used at a pressure suitable for cutting.
Cutting tip- a gas torch tip especially adapted or cutting.
Cutting torch- a device used in gas cutting for controlling the gases used for
preheating and thee oxygen used for cutting the metal.