.

 VISION IAS
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TEST BOOKLET

CSAT APTITUDE TESTʹ (4021) ʹ 2023

C
Time Allowed: Two Hours Maximum Marks: 200

INSTRUCTIONS

1. IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE EXAMINATION, YOU SHOULD CHECK THAT THIS BOOKLET
DOES NOT HAVE ANY UNPRINTED OR TORN OR MISSING PAGES OR ITEMS ETC. IF SO, GET IT REPLACED BY A
COMPLETE TEST BOOKLET.

2. ENCODE CLEARLY THE TEST BOOKLET SERIES A, B, C OR D AS THE CASE MAY BE IN THE APPROPRIATE PLACE IN
THE ANSWER SHEET.

3. You have to enter your Roll Number on the Test Booklet in

the Box provided alongside. DO NOT write anything else on
the Test Booklet.

4. This Test Booklet contains 80 items (Questions). Each item is printed in English. Each item comprises four
responses (answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the Answer Sheet. In case you feel
that there is more than one correct response, mark the response which you consider most appropriate. In any
case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.

5. You have to mark all your responses ONLY on the separate Answer Sheet provided. See direction in the answers
sheet.

6. All items carry equal marks. Attempt all items. Your total marks will depend only on the number of correct
responses marked by you in the answer sheet. For every incorrect response one-third of the allotted Marks will
be deducted.

7. Before you proceed to mark in the Answer sheet the response to various items in the Test booklet, you have to
fill in some particulars in the answer sheets as per the instruction sent to you with your Admission Certificate.

8. After you have completed filling in all responses on the answer sheet and the examination has concluded, you
should hand over to Invigilator only the answer sheet. You are permitted to take away with you the Test
Booklet.

9. Sheets for rough work are appended in the Test Booklet at the end.

DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO

1




1. First 50 consecutive odd numbers are written
 RQ D EODFN ERDUG     « LQ WKDW RUGHU
Two persons Anurag and Bhawna are playing a
JDPH RI SXWWLQJ µ¶ DQG µ±¶ VLJQ RQH E\ RQH
between any two consecutive integers out of
these 50 odd numbers. Both Anurag and
Bhawna are free to put any sign (+ or ±)
anywhere, provided there is no sign already
placed between the two odd numbers. At the
end, when all the signs have been put between
.
3. Ironite is a mixture of iron and zinc only. It is
extracted from an ore that contains iron and
zinc in a ratio of 3:2 by weight. In the process
of extraction, the entire iron is retained,
but some amount of zinc is lost. If ironite
contains 10% zinc by weight, find the amount
of ore needed to produce 5 tonnes of Ironite.
(a) 8.5 tonnes
(b) 6 tonnes

all such two consecutive odd numbers, result is (c) 7.5 tonnes
to be calculated. If the result is even, Anurag (d) 7 tonnes
wins and if the result is odd, Bhawna wins.
Who will win?
4. If 17 < a < 67, how many positive integral pairs
(a) Anurag
of (a, b) are possible satisfying the equation
(b) Bhawna
(3/a) + (2/b) = 1/18?
F ,W¶VDWLH
(a) 7
(d) Cannot be determined.
(b) 8

(c) 9
2. Two statements S1 and S2 are given below
followed by a question. (d) 10

S1: Unit digit of 9x (i.e. 9 multiplied by x) is 1.

S2: x is a natural number. 5. When a ball is dropped, it bounces back to 3/4th
Question: What is the remainder when x is of the height from which it was dropped from .
divided by 4? If the ball is dropped from a height of 30 m,
(a) S1 alone is sufficient to answer the find the total vertical distance travelled by the
Question. ball before it comes to rest. (Neglect air
(b) S2 alone is sufficient to answer the
resistance.)
Question.
(a) 210 m
(c) Either S1 alone or S2 alone is sufficient to
(b) 240 m
answer the question.
(d) S1 and S2 together are not sufficient to (c) 180 m

answer the question. (d) 200 m

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 .

6. A wooden box of thickness 0.5 cm, length 21 Directions for the following 6 (six) items:
 Read the following five passages and answer the items
cm, width 11 cm and height 6 cm is painted on
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
the inside. The box is open on the top, i.e. there
should be based on the passages only.
is no top surface/lid. The expense of painting is Passage ± 1
Rs. 70. What is the rate of painting per square For most people, the climate crisis is no longer a future
scenario. Floods, heat waves and wildfires have gripped
centimeter?
our entire planet and will become stronger in years to
(a) Rs. 0.7 come. Countries in the Global South are particularly
(b) Rs. 0.5 hard hit, even though their citizens have been
emitting the least CO2. Drastic reduction of carbon
(c) Rs. 0.1
emissions is only one pillar in the fight against climate
(d) Rs. 0.2 change. Many of its consequences can no longer be
stopped. There is an urgent need for adaptation
measures so people both in cities and in rural areas have
7. Two statements are given below followed by a
the chance to cope with the effects of climate change.
question. That's why several years ago rich nations committed to

S1: Age of A is a perfect square, and age of B supporting low-income countries with ELOOLRQ ¼
billion) annually from 2020 to help them cut emissions
is a perfect cube.
and adapt to climate change. It was a central promise
S2: A and B are twins. for more climate justice that has not been kept so far.

Question: The ages of A and B are integers
greater than 20 but less than 70. What are their
individual ages?
8. Based on the above passage, the following
assumptions have been made:
1. Through proper adaptation mechanisms
and funding climate change can be arrested.

(a) S1 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question.
(b) S2 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question.
(c) Either S1 alone or S2 alone is sufficient to
answer the question.
(d) S1 and S2 together are sufficient to answer
2. Countries from the global south are not
responsible for climate change.
3. UN could help make the rich countries
accountable for funding the sum of $100
billion for climate change.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) None of these

the question. (d) 1, 2 and 3

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 .

9. What is the crucial message conveyed by the 10. Based on the above passage, the following
 above passage? assumptions have been made:
1. Globalization has increased incomes
(a) Controlling carbon emissions should be the
resulting in a change in the social life of the
prime focus in the fight against climate people.
change. 2. The Indian middle class has obtained the
most benefits out of globalization.
(b) The rich countries must be made
3. The impact of globalization on women is
accountable to low-income countries facing not clear.
climate change. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(c) Climate change not only affects the (a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
environment, but also threatens the very
(c) 1 and 2 only
existence of human life.
(d) All 1, 2 and 3
(d) Climate change cannot be reversed; the Passage ± 3
only solution is adaptation mechanisms. The digital divide is associated with negative outcomes.
Passage ± 2 It is suggested that the digital divide may cause
technological, immaterial, social, and educational types
The globalization of the Indian economy has
of inequality. Individuals who lack access to
dramatically influenced social life in India. The information technology are disadvantaged in
expansion of the middle class is said to have occurred knowledge-based societies and economies. Further, e-
government is an important means to break barriers and
as a consequence of this process. Based on
bring government assistance to all citizens. Digital
ethnographic research among lower-middle-class media usage is a strong predictor of political
families in India, there seems to be an apparent paradox participation which implies that a digital divide may
result in political alienation of those who lack digital
between women's positive perceptions of empowerment
media access.
and the overall negative impact of structural adjustment
11. Based on the above passage, the following
policies on women. Many scholars argue that assumptions have been made:
globalization has been detrimental to women due to 1. Building cyber cafes could help reduce the
digital divide.
growing structural gender inequalities, but many
2. Bridging the digital divide could help
respondents identify greater opportunities to challenge
empower citizens technologically as well as
preexisting patriarchal norms through the role models politically.
available in the globalized media. While there are Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
increasing inequalities for households, women do not
(b) 2 only
consider these to be gender disadvantages, emphasizing
(c) Both 1 and 2
instead the opportunities for greater independence. (d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Passage ± 4 13. Based on the above passage, the following
 Invasive species may be one of the worst environmental assumptions have been made:
problems facing the conservation of natural areas,
1. Technology directly impacts the EQ of
because of their role in changing ecosystem function.
children.
At the same time, invasive species cause much human
suffering and economic loss. The approach to 2. Human relations have a positive impact on
eliminating invasive species can be improved by a EQ as compared to technology.
better understanding of the various types of invasive Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
species, and the scientific hypotheses surrounding their
(a) 1 only
ability to invade novel environments. Despite the
billions of dollars spent each year, invasive species are (b) 2 only

difficult if not impossible to eliminate after they have (c) 1 and 2

been established. (d) None
12. Based on the above passage, the following
assumptions have been made:
14. D is a positive integer, which is a product of
1. Invasive species, if not eliminated in future,
could threaten the food security of people. two prime numbers. Which of the following
2. If invasive species are not allowed to cannot be a value of D?
change the ecosystem function, natural (a) 46
areas can definitely be conserved.
(b) 91
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(c) 143
(a) 1 only
(d) 153
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 15. Ajay and Vijay are running towards each other
Passage ± 5 at the same speed from points A and B
With an inter-connected world, we might assume that respectively. After running for some time, Ajay
WRGD\¶V FKLOGUHQ KDYH KLJKHU (4 DV FRPSDUHG WR WKHLU
sprains his ankle at point C and walks at half
predecessors. But the truth might be different. With the
his earlier speed. They finally meet at a point
boom in technology, many children are glued to their
VFUHHQV DQG GRQ¶W JHW WR PHHW RWKHU FKLOGUHQ IDFH-to- D, such that AD = (4/10) AB. Find the ratio of
face. Relating to others and relationship management is AC/AD.
an important element that nurtures a high EQ in an (a) 1:2
individual. But technology and its addiction among
(b) 2:3
children are a hindrance in attaining high EQ levels and
this leads to many of them not being able to manage (c) 2:5

their emotions well. (d) 3:4

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Directions for the following three items: 16. The per tonne transportation cost of oil via rail
 Study the pie charts given below and answer the three happens to be roughly
questions that follow. (a) Rs. 3
(b) Rs. 3.33
Chart 1 shows the percentage distribution of 12 million
(c) Rs. 4.5
tonnes of crude oil transported through different modes
(d) Rs. 2.67
over a specific period of time.

Volume Transported 17. As per the charts, it appears that the cheapest
mode of transportation is
(a) Road
Rail, 9%
(b) Rail
(c) Pipeline
(d) Ship
Road, 22%
Pipeline, 18. If the per tonne transportation costs by ship, air
49% and road are represented by P, Q and R
respectively, then which of the following is
true?
Airfreight,
11% (a) R > Q > P
(b) P > R > Q
Ship, 9% (c) P > Q > R
(d) R > P > Q
Pipeline ship

19. Ram and Shyam, who are standing 100 m away

Chart 2 shows the percentage distribution of the cost of from each other, are throwing a Frisbee towards
transporting this crude oil. The total cost was Rs. 30 each other in a straight trajectory. Initially Ram
million. has the Frisbee and as soon as he throws it
towards Shyam, they both start moving towards
Cost of Transportation each other. Shyam catches the Frisbee and
throws it back to Ram and they keep throwing
Road, 6% Rail, 12% it until they meet each other. They both throw
the frisbee at a speed of 20 m/s. If the frisbee
Airfreight,
7% travelled a total distance of 12 km and the
speeds of Ram and Shyam are in the ratio of
2:3 respectively, then find the speed of Shyam
(in metres per min). (Assume that the time
Ship, 10%
Pipeline, taken by Ram and Shyam to catch the frisbee
65% and to throw it back again is negligible, and the
frisbee travels at a uniform speed in the air).
(a) 8
(b) 6
Pipeline Ship Airfreight Road Rail
(c) 9
(d) 10

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20. /HW µD¶ DQG µE¶ EH WZR -digit numbers, such
 that b is obtained by reversing the digits of a. It
is also known that they satisfy the relation a2 ±
b2 = k2, where k is some positive integer. What
is the value of a + b + k?
(a) 151
(b) 115
(c) 154
(d) 153
Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
Read the following three passages and answer the items
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only.
Passage ± 1
Ecosystem services, defined as the benefits to human
welfare provided by organisms interacting in
ecosystems, are considered to be at risk. Pollination by
wild animals is a key ecosystem service. Crop
pollination is commonly cited as an example of an
endangered ecosystem service as detailed studies of the
crop pollination systems are incomplete or out of date.
Animal pollination is important to the sexual
reproduction of many crops and the majority of wild
plants, which can also be important for providing
calories and micronutrients for humans. Furthermore,
the decline of pollinating species can lead to a parallel
decline of plant species.
21. Which of the following is/are the most rational
and logical Inference/Inferences that can be
made from the passage?
1. To protect this ecosystem service, holistic
contemporary research in crop pollination
may help.
2. Loss of pollinator species can have grave
consequences for human nutrition.
Select the correct answer from the code given
below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Passage ± 2
One of the biggest problems that solar energy
technology poses is that energy is only generated while
the sun is shining. That means night time and overcast
days can interrupt the supply. The shortage created by
this interruption would not be a problem if there were
low-cost ways of storing energy as extremely sunny
periods can generate excess capacity. As the global
capacity for solar power continues to rise, nations like
Japan and other global leaders in solar energy
technology are focusing on developing adequate energy
storage to deal with this issue.
22. Which of the following is/are the most rational
and logical inference/inferences that can be
drawn from the passage?
1. Tropical countries with year-long
availability of sunshine are less dependent
on the storage of solar energy.
2. In future, the cost of storage of solar energy
may reduce due to the involvement of
global leaders.
Select the correct answer from the code given
below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) None
Passage ± 3
New advancements in technologies ranging from
robotics and drones to computer vision software have
completely transformed modern agriculture. The
primary goal of farm automation technology is to cover
easier, mundane tasks. Some major technologies that
are most commonly being utilized by farms include
harvest automation, autonomous tractors, seeding and
weeding, and drones. Farm automation technology
addresses major issues like a rising global population,
farm labour shortages, and changing consumer
preferences. The benefits of automating traditional
farming processes are monumental by tackling issues
from consumer preferences, labour shortages, and the
environmental footprint of farming.
©Vision IAS


23. Which one of the following statements best
 reflects the central idea of the passage?
(a) The supply chain of agricultural produce
will transform with evolving technologies.
(b) Agricultural technology has the potential to
solve socio-economic issues along with the
environment.
(c) There is a dire need for automation of
agriculture in India to help alleviate the
status of marginal farmers.
(d) Application of modern technology will
increase the input cost of farmers.
24. Let x, y and z be distinct integers, wherein x
and y are odd and positive, and z is even and
positive. Which one of the following statements
cannot be true?
D \ [í] 2 is even
(b) y2 [í] LVRGG
F \ [í] LVRGG
G ] [í\ 2 is even
25. Raman was asked to add first few natural
QXPEHUV LH       «  DV ORQJ DV KH
wanted. When he stopped, he gave the sum as
575. When the teacher declared the result was
wrong, Raman discovered that he had missed
one number in the sequence during addition.
What was the number that he missed?
(a) Less than 10
(b) 10
(c) 15
(d) More than 15
26. A number N gives a remainder of 7 when
divided by D and a remainder of 20 when
divided by 2D. What will be the remainder
obtained when 2N is divided by D?
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 6
(d) 3
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27. There are 25 students in a class, and the number
of students who scored 5, 7 and 3 marks in a
test are 8, 10 and 7 respectively. The teacher
can decide how many students should go to the
remedial class, but can't pick specific students
for it. Once the number is decided, the students
are selected at random. The teacher wants every
student in the class to have atleast three others
who scored the same marks in the examination
as him/her. What is the minimum number of
students who should be sent to the remedial
class for this to happen?
(a) 19
(b) 22
(c) 18
(d) 16
28. If X and Y are multiples of 7 with X>Y>0,
which of the following statements is not always
true?
(a) X3 ± Y3 is divisible by 49.
(b) HCF of X and Y is a multiple of 7.
(c) LCM of X and Y is a multiple of 49.
(d) X2 ± Y2 is a multiple of 49.
29. A six-digit number N is formed using the digits
0, 3, 6 and 9 only. Each of the digits is used at
least once. It was found that N is divisible by
18. What is the WHQ¶V GLJLW RI WKH VPDOOHVW
possible such six-digit number?
(a) 0
(b) 9
(c) 6
(d) 3
©Vision IAS


30. If the numerator of a fraction is increased by
 a% and denominator of the fraction is increased
by b%, then what will be the ratio of original
fraction to new fraction?
(a) a/b
(b) (a +1)/(b + 1)
(c) (100 + b)/(100 + a)
(d) b/a
Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
Read the following three passages and answer the items
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only.
Passage ± 1
Universal and affordable access to quality education
and healthcare must be the focus of our attention. Rural
India cannot be left behind in this mission. Improving
rural infrastructure across the country must be fast-
tracked and integrated into the larger development
narrative. Promotion of the mother tongue will
revolutionize the educational landscape by making it
more inclusive and equitable.
With his unbounded greed, man has caused irreversible
damage to the environment. Today, climate change is a
global phenomenon. Conservation is our only hope for
the survival of the planet and we must direct our
collective energies toward this end with missionary
zeal. Our scriptures mirror the cosmic vision of our
ancient culture. They are replete with examples of the
worship of the divine in the elements ² rivers,
mountains, holy plants and trees. We only have to go
back to our moorings to draw inspiration and strive to
secure the future of succeeding generations.
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31. Consider the following:
1. Pollution
2. Non-discriminatory education
3. Irrigation
4. Quality healthcare
5. Human Survival
6. Avariciousness
Which of the above issues have been
highlighted by the passage?
(a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
(b) 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 only
(c) 3, 4, 5 and 6 only
(d) 2, 4 and 5 only
Passage ± 2
In cities, in high-rises, not many of us know our
neighbors anyway. Parents might not like cricket.
Friends might not share our interest in sports. The
intrusion of others is probably not welcomed by all.
Especially, for this generation which has grown up in
bubbles for most things ² entertainment, online
studies, social media ² even if, paradoxically, the
surfeit of lonely pursuits has reduced the quality of
solitude.
32. Which one of the following statements best
reflects the suggestion conveyed by the
passage given above?
(a) People should avoid living in cities.
(b) In cities, people should become more
socialized.
(c) In search of loneliness, we have shortened
the quality of solitude.
(d) Cities have become a breeding ground for
loneliness.
Passage²3
Earlier, the rural always existed in Hindi films. It was a
regular narrative trope: characters from rural areas
would always be arriving in the city. Those films
created a split between the rural and the urban: the rural
was seen as pure and the urban as impure, the rural as
innocent and the urban as corrupt. They created a
binary between the village and the city.
©Vision IAS
 .

33. According to the passage, which of the Directions for the following 2 (two) items:
 following is correct about Hindi films? Study the graph given below carefully and answer the
(a) 1RZ+LQGLILOPVSRUWUD\RQO\µWKHXUEDQ¶
questions that follow.
(b) It is solely because of Hindi films that there
H[LVWV D VSOLW EHWZHHQ µWKH UXUDO¶ DQG µWKH The bar graph given below shows the data of the
XUEDQ¶ production of paper (in lakh tonnes) by three different
(c) Earlier, Hindi films portrayed the rural as
companies X, Y and Z.
µJRRG¶DQGWKHXUEDQDVµEDG¶
(d) Both (b) and (c) Production of Paper (in lakh tonnes) by
Three Companies X, Y and Z
34. The sum of the areas of two circles, which 55
45 45
50 50
50
touch each other externally iVʌ,IWKHVXP 45 40 40 40
40 35 35 35 35 35
35 30
of their radii is 15, find the ratio of the larger to 30 25 25
25
the smaller radius. 20
15
(a) 4 10
5
(b) 2 0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
(c) 3
x Y Z
(d) None of these

36. For which of the following years, is the

35. Two statements are given below followed by a
question. percentage rise/fall in production from the

S1: The cost of three caramel pops, five toffee previous year the maximum for Company Y?
bites and seven mango pops is Rs. 68. (a) 2007
S2: The cost of two caramel pops, three toffee
(b) 2008
bites and four mango pops is Rs. 41.
Question: Priya went to a candy shop to buy (c) 2009
some caramel pops, toffee bites and mango (d) 2010
pops. What is the total price of one caramel
pop, one mango pop and one toffee bite?
Which one of the following is correct in respect 37. What is the ratio of the average production of

of the Statements and the Question? Company X in the period 2008-2010 to the
(a) S1 alone is sufficient to answer the average production of Company Y in the same
Question.
period?
(b) S2 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question. (a) 1:1
(c) S1 and S2 together are sufficient to answer (b) 15:17
the question.
(c) 23:25
(d) S1 and S2 together are not sufficient to
answer the Question. (d) 27:29

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38. If value of a is between ± 6 and ± 3 and value
 of b is between ± 3 and 3, then the value of
2 2
(a ± b ) must be in between which of the
following ranges?
(a) ± 36 and 9
(b) ± 36 and ± 9
(c) 0 and 9
(d) 0 and 36
39. Ramesh bought some articles at a price which
was 10% lower than its marked price. He then
sold 50% of the articles at a price 10% above
the marked price. After this he sold the next
25% articles at a price which was 20% lower
than the marked price. If Ramesh wants to earn
a profit of 10% in the entire transaction, then at
what price should he sell the remaining 25%
articles?
(a) 4% above the marked price
(b) 4% below the marked price
(c) 6% above the marked price
(d) 6% below the marked price
40. A shopkeeper sells 1 kg rice to two customers
Rani and Vani. For Rani he charges exactly the
cost price but under weighs the quantity by
10%. For Vani he sells at 20% more than the
cost price but over weighs the quantity by 10%.
What is his overall profit/ loss percentage?
(a) 10% loss
(b) 10% profit
(c) 9.1% loss
(d) 9.1% profit
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Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
Read the following two passages and answer the items
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only.
Passage ± 1
Scientists might have a solution to growing concerns of
climate change hampering crop productivity.
Researchers have idenWLILHGJHQHVLQ$IULFD¶VORFDOIRRG
crops that can improve resistance to drought.
Incorporating these genes through hybridisation might
improve crop yield that is affected by increasing global
temperatures and heatwaves. Countries like India and
Pakistan are also likely to be affected by the prolonged
heatwaves, the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) estimated. The UN body is
responsible for coordinating responses to environmental
issues. Orphan crops are nutritious local food crops that
could play a crucial role in combating hunger. These
crops are not traded internationally but have adapted
themselves to grow in harsh weather conditions.
$IULFD¶V DULG HQYLURQPHQW LV QRW VXLWHG IRU FURSV OLNH
rice and maize. Orphan crops like finger millets, little
millet, African yam bean, jojoba and jatropha are
commonly found on the continent.
41. Based on the above passage, the following
assumptions have been made:
1. Africa has the potential to fight hunger
without dependence on other countries.
2. UNEP should promote the trade of orphan
crops from Africa to other hunger-affected
continents.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
©Vision IAS
 .

Passage ± 2 44. There is a circle of radius 5 cm that
 India would reduce fossil fuels, generate more circumscribes a quadrilateral. It is further
renewable energy, reduce carbon emissions and
known that 2 of the adjacent sides of the
intensity, and eventually become a net-zero emitter by
2070. The goals are ambitious. They are built around quadrilateral are 6 cm and 8 cm. Determine the
the levers which, at the policy level, are most likely to maximum possible area of the quadrilateral.
create a positive impact on climate. Can policy
LQLWLDWLYHV DORQH IXOILO ,QGLD¶V FRPPLWPHQWV WRZDUG (a) 38 cm2
arresting climate change? Actions that are driven top- (b) 52 cm2
down, via government policy, no doubt set the stage for
(c) 64 cm2
change. But unless people shift their attitude and
behaviour in tune with the policy initiatives, change (d) 49 cm2
will not be able to retain its momentum.
42. Based on the above passage, the following
45. In a polygon, all the interior angles are either
suggestions may be made:
1. India, with the help of renewable energy, 90 degrees or 270 degrees. If the number of
would be able to control carbon emissions interior angles which are 90 degrees is 31, find
completely by 2070.
the number of angles which are 270 degrees?
2. Government may involve citizens in
policymaking and execution for achieving (a) 31
the target of net-zero emission.
(b) 35
Which of the above suggestions is/are valid?
(c) 27
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only (d) Cannot be determined
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
46. In a school, 90% of the students faced problems

43. What is the crucial message conveyed by the in Mathematics, 80% of the students faced
above passage? problems in Computers, 75% of the students
(a) Climate change cannot be reversed only
faced problems in Sciences, and 70% of the
with the commitments of India.
(b) Climate change is a global issue, and students faced problems in Social Sciences.
people across countries must change their Find the minimum possible percent of the
attitude towards it.
students who faced problems in all the four
(c) Indian government should consult
specialised global agencies in the subjects.
formulation of climate change policy. (a) 15%
(d) Policy framework along with targets should
(b) 25%
prescribe citizens' behaviour for
contributing to meeting net-zero emission (c) 26%
targets by 2070.
(d) 32%

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47. If two letters are taken at random from the 50. P is a prime number > 71. If N = (P + 2)
 word HOME, what is the probability that none 3 í  3   3 í   WKHQ ZKLFK RI WKH
of the letters would be vowels? following will definitely divide N for all the
(a) 1/6 values of P?
(b) 1/2 (1) 120
(c) 1/3
(2) 240
(d) 1/4
(3) 360
(4) 480
Direction for the following 2 (two) items.
(a) 1 and 2 only
Study the table given below carefully and answer the
questions that follow. (b) 1 and 3 only
The following table gives the percentage distribution of (c) 2 and 4 only
population of five states, P, Q, R, S and T on the basis (d) 1, 2 and 3 only
of poverty line and also on the basis of gender.
State Percentage of Proportion of Males and Females Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
Population Below poverty Above
Read the following two passages and answer the items
below the line Poverty Line
Poverty Line that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
M F M F
should be based on the passages only.
P 35 5 6 6 7
Q 25 3 5 4 5 Passage ± 1
R 24 1 2 2 3 India which will soon have twice the number of Internet
S 19 3 2 4 3 users as the U.S. is a large market for all kinds of new
T 15 5 3 3 2 technologies. While this presents a huge opportunity,
48. If the male population above poverty line for the domestic industry has not yet managed to derive the
State R is 1.9 million, then the total population benefits. For instance, the country is operating far
of State R is below its potential in electronic manufacturing.
(a) 4.5 million Electronic goods and components are the second largest
(b) 4.85 million LWHPDIWHURLOLQ,QGLD¶VLPSRUWELOO$OVRWKHFRXQWU\¶V
(c) 5.35 million imports are almost five times its exports in this industry
(d) 6.25 million (based on 2020-21 data). High-value electronic
components needed in the manufacture of, say, mobile
49. What will be the number of females above the phones are technology and design-intensive. Big
poverty line in the State S if it is known that the multinational companies control these technologies and
population of State S is 7 million?
corner the bulk of the revenues. China has used its large
(a) 3 million
market size as a bargaining chip in negotiations with
(b) 2.43 million
foreign firms: stay in our markets only if you localize
(c) 1.33 million
production and share technologies with the local firms.
(d) 5.7 million

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51. Based on the above passage, the following Passage ± 2
 While governance is often equated with government, it
assumptions and suggestions have been made:
involves much more. Governance occurs at all levels
1. Indians have a high rate of consumption of
and encompasses the ways that formal government,
electronics.
non-governmental groups, community organizations
2. India may use its large market size as a and the private sector manage resources and affairs.
bargaining chip for the promotion of its Three factors that largely determine the efficacy of any

electronics industry. system of governance are the quality of leadership, the

characteristics of the governed, and the nature of the
Which of the above assumptions and
structures and processes employed to exercise authority
suggestions is/are valid?
and meet human needs. The capacity of any institution
(a) 1 only to effect and manage change, and to respond creatively
(b) 2 only to challenges that lie before it, increases with the
development of several critical skills. These include the
(c) 1 and 2
ability to maintain a clear perception of social reality
(d) None
and the forces operating in it; to properly assess the
resources of the community; and to implement
52. Which one of the following statements best decisions with an openness and flexibility that avoid all

reflects the crux of the passage? traces of dictatorial behaviour, among others. This
constellation of skills must draw on both intellectual
(a) Union government should trade with the
and moral resources.
USA not only in products but also in
53. Based on the above passage, the following
services like technology. assumptions have been made:
(b) Domestic companies should invest in 1. Not only the government but citizens are
human resources to excel in the also responsible for governance outcomes.
2. Rigid and closed implementation of
technologies of the electronic industry.
decisions reduces the capacity of governing
(c) Despite a large user base, India is not able
institutions.
to scale electronics production due to
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
technological limitations. (a) 1 only
(d) Big multinational companies should shift (b) 2 only
their manufacturing base from China to (c) 1 and 2

India. (d) None

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54. A super lotto has all the two-digit numbers 57. From the first 25 natural numbers, how many
 written on various balls, which have been kept arithmetic progressions (APs) of 6 terms can be
in a bag. Number on each ball is different. If formed such that the common difference of the
two balls are chosen at random without AP is a factor of the 6th term?
replacement, then what is the probability that (a) 31
their numbers have the same units digit and the (b) 32
product of these numbers also has the same (c) 30
units digit? (d) 28
(a) 2/5
(b) 2/25 58. The ratio of incomes of Anil and Ajit is 5:7.
(c) 1/25 The ratio of their expenditures is 3:4. Which of
(d) None of the above the following is a possible ratio of their
savings? (Savings = Income - Expenditure)
55. There are 100 people in a group. Each person, (a) 4:5
while working individually, can complete a (b) 3:4
piece of work in 100 days. One person starts (c) 1:1
working on the project. On the second day, (d) 12:17
another person joins him, on the third day, one
more person joins the first two and this process
59. 29 paintings are displayed in an art exhibition,
goes on till the work is completed. On which
which are made by using either oil colours or
day will the work get completed?
water colours or both. Oil and water colours
(a) 13th day have been used in making 16 and 19 of these
(b) 14th day paintings respectively. What is the number of
(c) 12th day paintings in which both types of colours have
(d) 15th day been used?
(a) 5
56. If x + y = 36, then which of the following must (b) 6
be true? (c) 3
1. Both x and y must be positive. (d) 8
2. If x is positive, y must be negative.
3. If x is negative, y must be positive. 60. How many pairs of integers exist such that the
Select the correct answer using the code given difference between their product and sum is
below. 72?
(a) 1 only (a) 6
(b) 3 only (b) 4
(c) 2 only (c) 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 nor 3 (d) 13

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Directions for the following 3 (three) items: 62. Which one of the following statements best
 Read the following three passages and answer the items
reflects the crux of the passage?
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only. (a) Incineration is not the best technological
Passage ± 1 solution for waste processing in India.
The ignorance of class differences that are necessitated
LQGHPRFUDF\¶VSXUVXLWRIHTXDOLW\PDNHVLW YXOQHUDEOH (b) Reducing consumption will solve the issue
to class conflict. By institutionalizing class disparities of waste generation.
into a balanced representative structure, republicanism
(c) Incinerators shall be established in and
attempts to preserve order between distinctive
subdivisions of society. Also, the pursuit of complete around the landfills for faster processing of
µQHJDWLYHOLEHUW\¶LQSXUHGHPRFUDFLHVLVVXVFHSWLEOHWR
waste.
anarchic disorder, as it disregards the law. The
responsibility to uphold the law, typically maintained in (d) India should develop customized
the form of a constitution, by both the government and
incinerators to ensure the processing of
the individual is essential in a republic for the
preservation of societal order. organic waste.
61. Which one of the following statements best
Passage ± 3
reflects the crux of the passage?
(a) Limitations of democracy regarding social Especially in the last century, most Western countries
order can be handled through the have experienced significant demographic changes with
constitution.
(b) Democracy due to inherent flaws is not the a continuing increase in the number of older people
best political model for governance. who face medical and functional challenges, as well as
(c) Only governments following a constitution
can guarantee the preservation of social diseases that are age-specific but have often originated
order. LQ SHRSOH¶V \RXQJHU \HDUV 0RVW RI WKHVH GLVHDVHV
(d) The pursuit of equality in a democracy is
including obesity, cardiovascular heart diseases (CHD)
the bedrock for preventing class conflicts.
Passage ± 2 or type 2 diabetes mellitus are caused by civilisation.
Hyperconsumption is a curse of our modern times. Most NCDs primarily result from unhealthy lifestyles
Humans generate monumental amounts of waste, a
sizeable portion of which is disposed of in landfills and including the consumption of too much or unhealthy
through waste-to-energy incinerators. However, billions food, too much alcohol and excessive smoking habits,
of tonnes of garbage, including microplastics, never
make it to landfills or incinerators and end up in the combined with physical inactivity. More specifically,
oceans. This garbage chokes marine life and disturbs inactivity and unhealthy eating habits are associated
zooplankton, which is vital to the elimination of carbon
with weight gain. Overweight and obesity are the major
dioxide from the atmosphere. In India, nearly 60% of
the household waste is wet organic waste, with low underlying causes of modern diseases such as CHD or
calorific value. This makes options such as waste-to-
type 2 diabetes mellitus.
energy incinerators inefficient.

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63. Which one of the following statements best 66.
 reflects the practical implication of the
passage?
(a) Prevention of NCDs can be done through
physical activity and making healthy food
choices.
(b) Indians should learn from western countries
about the importance of physical activity
for good health.
(c) Due to physical inactivity, any kind of non-
communicable disease can develop at any
age of life.
(d) Unhealthy food, alcohol, and smoking
causes CHD or type 2 diabetes mellitus.
64. Two statements S1 and S2 are given below
followed by a question.
S1: Price of mixture A is Rs. 40 per litre and
price of mixture of B is Rs. 32 per litre.
67.
S2: Price of mixture C is Rs. 50 per litre.
There are three different mixtures of milk and
water²mixture A, mixture B, and mixture C.
In what ratio should mixtures A and B be
mixed with mixture C to get the average price
Rs. 35 per litre?
(a) S1 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question.
(b) S2 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question. 68.
(c) Either S1 alone or S2 alone is sufficient to
answer the question.
(d) S1 and S2 together are NOT sufficient to
answer the question.
65. If we have two different prime numbers x and
y, both greater than 2, then which of the
following must be true?
D [í\ 
E [\
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
.
Two statements S1 and S2 are given below
with regard to two numbers followed by
question.
S1: a > b3
S2: a > b6
Question: If the product of a and b is a positive
number, is (a + b) > 0?
Which one of the following is correct in respect
of the Statements and the Question?
(a) S1 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question.
(b) S2 alone is sufficient to answer the
Question.
(c) Either S1 alone or S2 alone is sufficient to
answer the question.
(d) S1 and S2 together are sufficient to answer
the question.
How many distinct natural numbers 'n' are there
such that, amongst all its divisors, greater than
1 and less than 'n', the largest divisor is 21
times the smallest divisor?
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) Infinite
It takes 10 men and 20 women to complete a
project in 48 days. After the first day, a woman
was replaced by a man and it took them 45
more days to complete the work. If 10 men and
20 women had worked on the same project, and
after 2 days, if 2 of the women had been
replaced by 2 men, how many more days would
it have taken to finish the project? (Round up to
the nearest integer)
(a) 43
(b) 44
(c) 40
(d) 42

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69. A certain number of people take 40 hours to
 process a fixed quantity of a substance. The
substance is priced at Rs x per unit which is
determined by the labour costs and other
costs. After a new technology is developed, the
same number of people take 20 hours to
process the same amount of the substance. If
the cost of technology is negligible, how much
would the new price of the processed substance
per unit quantity be? (Assume that the other
costs remain the same.)
(a) > x
(b) < x/2
(c) x/2
(d) > x/2
70. The cost of 4 pencils, 2 erasers and a sharpener
together is Rs. 80, whereas the cost of 1 pencil,
2 erasers and a sharpener together is Rs. 35.
Find the combined cost of 2 pencils, 2 erasers
and 1 sharpener.
(a) Rs. 60
(b) Rs. 50
(c) Rs. 40
(d) Cannot be determined
Directions for the following 4 (four) items:
Read the following three passages and answer the items
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
should be based on the passages only.
18 www.visionias.in

.
Passage ± 1
,QGLD¶V VWUXFWXUDO WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ SDUWLFXODUO\ VLQFH
1991, has been slow and unique. Despite abundant low-
skilled labour, our growth trajectory has mostly skipped
manufacturing, growing instead on the back of a far
smaller, high-skilled services sector. Consequently, the
bulk of jobs our economy generated even in its peak
growth years was in the largely informal, low-value add
construction sector. The distributional consequences of
this have been significant. Under-employment and low
inter-generational mobility have been persistent
features of the Indian economy resulting in deep
inequalities. Most of India continues to live in
extremely precarious economic conditions with limited
opportunity. Growth lifted a large population out of
poverty. However, as the World Bank data show, most
of those (40 per cent of the population) who escaped
poverty between 2005-2012 moved into what they call
the vulnerable group ² one income shock away from
falling below the poverty line.
71. Based on the above passage, the following
assumptions have been made:
1. Availability of low skilled labor may
promote the development of manufacturing
sector.
2. Service sector can thrive even on a small
workforce.
3. The peak growth year of 2005-2012 helped
the service sector grow faster.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
©Vision IAS


72. $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH SDVVDJH JLYHQ DERYH ,QGLD¶V
 unique structural transformation has led to
which of the following?
1. A category of people just outside the
bounds of poverty.
2. Decline in the share of agriculture in the
overall economic growth.
Select the correct answer using the code given
below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Passage ± 2
The debate around how the matterV RI WKH µPLQG¶ DUH
DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK WKH PDOH DQG WKH µERG\¶ LQYDULDEO\
linked to the woman is not new. And of course, the
mind is superior to the body. In this regard, the feminist
FULWLTXH RI )UHQFK SKLORVRSKHU 5HQp 'HVFDUWHV¶V
Cartesian duality is an important intervention. The
mind-body dualism has led to gender inequality by
SULYLOHJLQJ WKH µUDWLRQDO¶ PLQG RYHU WKH µLUUDWLRQDO¶ RU
HPRWLRQDOERG\:RPHQ¶VYRLFHVKDYHEHHQVXSSUHVVHG
DQGWKHLUVLOHQFHKDVEHHQWUHDWHGDVµJROGHQ¶:KDWZH
need to understand, and question is the politics behind
recognizing the domain of intellect as essentially a male
prerogative.
73. Which of the following is/are the most rational
and logical Inference/Inferences that can be
made from the passage?
1. Women should be treated equally with men
even in aspects of intellect.
2. Descartes may be said to be responsible for
gender inequality in society to some extent.
3. Gender equality cannot be achieved
without social change.
Select the correct answer from the code given
below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) None of the above
(d) 1, 2 and 3
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.
Passage ± 3
Education is a journey, which gives the art of living, not
just the livelihood. It makes us learn how to nurture our
life and be more creative. Education makes us
understand our conflicts. Thus, education is not merely
learning facts but is training our minds to think.
Education systems must provide opportunities to every
individual to learn through experience and should help
to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
However, in India, the education system has evolved in
a completely different manner. Instead of focusing on
critical thinking, expressing new ideas and debating and
writing critically on any issue, our students are forced
to learn through the rote route.
74. Which of the following is/are the most rational
and logical Inference/Inferences that can be
made from the passage?
1. Indians cannot think critically and be
creative.
2. One way to improve the outcome of
education is to include learning by
experience and reduce rote learning.
Select the correct answer using the code given
below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
75. In a class consisting of 150 students, one more
student is added and as a result the average
weight of class increases by 0.05 units.
Thereafter, from this class one student is taken
out and the average weight of the class is
reduced by 0.02 units. If the sum of the weights
of the two students mentioned is 2x+b, where x
is the original average weight of the class of
150 students, then find the value of b.
(a) 7.50
(b) 3.05
(c) 10.60
(d) 11.10
©Vision IAS
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76. A, B and C are 3 varieties of beer which 78. In 1981 and 1987, 50 million and 60 million
 contain starch, hops and water in varying
people were employed in manufacturing sector
proportions. A contains x% starch and y%
hops. B contains y% starch and y% water. C respectively. What was the difference between
contains x% hops and y% water. When A, B
the number of employees employed in small
and C are mixed in the ratio 2:3:5, the final
mixture has 38% starch and 28% hops. Find the establishments in 1981 and 1987?
sum of x and y.
(a) 8 million
(a) 50
(b) 26 (b) 12 million
(c) 13
(c) 6 million
(d) 65
(d) 4 million
77. A cricket team of 11 is to be selected from 7
batsmen and 6 bowlers which are available.
The team must have at least 5 bowlers. In how 79. In 1996 there were a total of 100,000
many ways can it be done?
employees in manufacturing sector and 750
(a) 21
(b) 42 medium establishments. What was the average
(c) 84 number of employed persons per medium
(d) 63
establishment unit in that year?
Directions for the following 2 (two) items: (a) 100
The following graph shows the percentage share of
(b) 75
small, medium and large establishments in total
employment provided by manufacturing sector. Study (c) 125
the graph carefully and answer the items that follow.
(d) 1000
Percentage share of small, medium
and large establishments in jobs in
manufacturing sector 80. A book contains 57 stories, each with fewer
80
than 58 pages. The first story starts on the 2nd
70
60 page and each story thereafter, starts on a fresh
50 page. What is the largest possible number of
40
stories than can begin on an odd numbered
30
20 page?
10 (a) 29
0
(b) 56
Small establishments Medium establishments (c) 55
Large establishments
(d) 28

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