Ying Wa Girls’ School

2019-2020 Mock Examination

Chemistry Paper II
1 hour

Class : Secondary 6 Date : 14th Feb 2020

Period : 2

Name: _________________________ Class: ________ Class number: _______

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of THREE sections, Section A, Section B and Section C. Attempt ALL parts in any
TWO questions.
2. Write your answer in the Answer Book provided. Start each question (not part of a question) on a new
page.
3. A Periodic Table is printed on the last page of this Question Book. Atomic numbers and relative atomic
masses of elements can be obtained from the Periodic Table.

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Section A Industrial Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.

1.
(a) Methanol is an important raw material in organic syntheses. It can be manufactured by the following
two processes.
Process I: CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO(g) + 3H2(g) ΔH > 0
Process II: CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(g) ΔH < 0
(i) Suggest a common source of methane for the process.
(1 mark)
(ii) Methanol is as a feedstock for producing other carbon compounds. Gives a common example
of such a carbon compound.
(1 mark)
(iii) Considering the yield of reaction, explain why the optimum temperature for process I is 1000 K,
which is higher than that for process II.
(2 marks)
(iv) A student suggested a synthetic route to get methanol from methane:

Br2 / light NaOH(aq)

CH4(g) CH3Br(g) CH3OH(l)

Comment on the suggested pathway using the concepts of green chemistry.

(2 marks)
(b) Consider the following reaction:
A+BC ΔH < 0
(i) A student performed an experiment to study the kinetics of this reaction. The time required
for the formation of a small but fixed amount of C is measured. The experimental results are
recorded as shown below.

Experiment [A] / mol dm3 [B] / mol dm3 Time / s

I 0.02 0.02 188
II 0.04 0.02 94
III 0.02 0.03 x
(i) Deduce the order of reaction with respect to A from the experimental results.
(2 marks)
(ii) The reaction is second order with respect to B. Calculate the value x.
(2 marks)

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(b)
(ii) Hydrogen ions can be used as a catalyst of the reaction.
(1) With the aid of a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve, explain the effect of hydrogen ions
on the rate of reaction.
(2) The following steps are involved in the acid catalysis:
Step 1: A + H+ AH+
Step 2: AH+ + 2B  C + H+
Sketch a labelled energy profile for the catalysed reaction based on the above information.
(4 marks)
(c) Consider the manufacture of ammonia by the Haber process in a chemical plant.
(i) Describe how ammonia can be separated from the reaction mixture.
(1 mark)
(ii) Explain why there is a need to install a recycling pump in the Haber process.
(1 mark)
(iii) Nitric acid can be produced by catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitrogen monoxide.
Nitrogen monoxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide which reacts with water to give nitric acid.
(1) State the common catalyst used for the oxidation of ammonia.
(2) Write an equation for the oxidation of ammonia.
(2 marks)
(iv) Industrial plants producing ammonia and nitric acid are commonly located in close proximity.
Suggestion TWO reasons for this.
(2 marks)

END OF SECTION A

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Section B Materials Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.

Answer ALL parts of the question.

2.
(a) Answer the following short questions:
(i) Nanomaterials can be used as catalysts in many reactions.
(1) What is the meaning of the term ‘nanomaterials’?
(2) Explain why nanomaterials are used as catalysts.
(2 marks)
(ii) Describe the arrangement of molecules in nematic phase.
(1 mark)
(iii) Suggest a moulding method for making the plastic handles for cooking utensil.
(1 mark)
(iv) Explain why cellulose can absorb moisture.
(1 mark)
(b) Iron can exist in two types of structures at different ranges of temperature.
(i) Given that iron adopts cubic close-packed structure at high temperatures, draw the unit cell for
this structure.
(1 mark)
(ii) At room temperature, iron adopts an open structure. Suggest the crystalline structure it may
adopt.
(1 mark)
(iii) According to your answer in (b)(ii) and in terms of packing efficiency, compare the density of
iron at different temperatures.
(1 mark)
(iv) Given that the density of iron at room temperature is 7.92 g cm3, calculate the length of a unit
cell of iron.
(Relative atomic mass: Fe = 55.8; Avogadro constant = 6.02 × 10 23 mol1)
(2 marks)

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2.
(c) Under certain conditions, lactic acid can be converted to acrylic acid and one other product.

lactic acid acrylic acid

(i) Write an equation for the conversion lactic acid to acrylic acid.
(1 mark)
(ii) Lactic acid and acrylic acid are the monomers of polymers X and Y respectively.
(1) Draw the repeating units of X and Y respectively.
(2 marks)
(2) 2 M sodium hydroxide solution is added to each polymer. State what chemical reactions
would happen to each polymer.
(2 marks)
(3) Which polymer, X or Y, is biodegradable? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)
(d)
(i) Explain why transition metals usually form substitutional alloys.
(1 mark)
(ii) Name an alloy produced from two or more transition metals. Give one property of the alloy which
is different from its constituent metals.
(2 marks)

END OF SECTION B

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Section C Analytical Chemistry
Answer ALL parts of the question.

3.
(a) Answer the following short questions:
(i) A purple dye Y is added to soft drinks to make them look more attractive. However, it has been
linked with hyperactivity in children. You are provided a drink sample (which contains Y as the
only dye) and a concentrated standard solution of Y. Outline the procedure to determine the
concentration of Y in the drink sample.
(3 marks)
(ii) Suggest an instrumental analytical method to measure the carbon monoxide level in air.
(1 mark)

(b) Pure benzoic acid (m.p. 122.4 oC) can be obtained from a mixture of cyclohexanol

(m.p. 40.5 oC) and benzoic acid as described below.

Step 1: Dissolve the mixture in an organic solvent, dichloromethane (b.p. 36 oC) forming an organic
solution.
Step 2: Add excess sodium carbonate solution to the mixture.
Step 3: Separate the aqueous and organic layers.
Step 4: Add excess dilute hydrochloric acid to precipitate benzoic acid from the aqueous solution.
Filter the resultant mixture to obtain benzoic acid crystals.
(i) What is the purpose of adding excess sodium carbonate solution to the mixture in Step 2?
(1 mark)
(ii) Name the apparatus by which step 3 can be carried out.
(1 mark)
(iii) Benzoic acid crystals formed in step 4 were not very pure. It can be purified by recrystallization
using water as solvent. Outline the experimental procedure involved.
(2 marks)
(iv) Describe briefly how you may check the purity of benzoic acid obtained.
(1 mark)

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(c) Compound A has a relative molecular mass between 170 and 190. It has the following composition by
mass:
C: 40.0% H: 6.7% O: 53.3%
(i) Deduce the molecular formula of A.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0, O = 16.0)
(2 marks)
(ii) It is known that all carbon atoms in A are attached with the same functional group. Moreover,
it cannot decolorize bromine solution.
The infrared spectrum of A is shown below:
Transmittance (%)

Wavenumber

Based on the above information, deduce the structure of A.

(3 marks)

Characteristic Infrared Absorption Wavenumber Range

(Stretching modes)
Bond Compound type Wavenumber range / cm–1
C=C Alkenes 1610 to 1680
C=O Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives 1680 to 1800
C≡C Alkynes 2070 to 2250
C≡N Nitriles 2200 to 2280
O–H Acids (hydrogen-bonded) 2500 to 3300
C–H Alkanes, alkenes and arenes 2840 to 3095
O–H Alcohols, phenols (hydrogen-bonded) 3230 to 3670
N–H Amines 3350 to 3500

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(d) A student performed an experiment to determine the amount of vitamin C in a brand of vitamin C tablet.
The experimental procedures were listed below:
Step 1: A vitamin C tablet was dissolved in excess sulphuric acid in a conical flask.
Step 2: 25.0 cm3 of 0.8 M potassium iodide solution and 25.0 cm3 of 0.075 M potassium iodate
solution were added to vitamin C solution.
Step 3: The amount of iodine in the solution from step 2 was determined by titrating the solution
against 0.05 M sodium thiosulphate solution using starch as indicator. 12.50 cm3 of sodium
thiosulphate solution (Na2S2O3) is required for reach the end point.
In step 2, potassium iodate (KIO3) and potassium iodide (KI) reacts in the presence of sulphuric acid to
form iodine which in turns reacts with vitamin C as show by the equations below:
KIO3(aq) + 5KI(aq) + 3H2SO4(aq)  3I2(aq) + 3H2O(l) + 3K2SO4(aq)

+ I2(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2I(aq)

(i) State the colour change at the end point in step 3.

(1 mark)
(ii)
(1) Calculate the number of moles of iodine formed from the reaction of potassium iodate and
potassium iodide.
(2 marks)
(2) Hence, determine the mass of vitamin C in a tablet.
(3 marks)

END OF SECTION C

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